Perovskite optical energy ink screen electronic price tag system

Abstract

The invention relates to a perovskite optical energy ink screen electronic price tag system. The perovskite optical energy ink screen electronic price tag system is characterized in that a charging circuit is connected to a perovskite solar panel, and a cut-off circuit is connected with the charging circuit; the super capacitor is connected in parallel to the output end of the cut-off circuit and the charging circuit, the ink screen electronic price tag is connected in parallel with the super capacitor, and the cut-off circuit is unidirectionally conducted from the charging circuit to the super capacitor; the specification of the super capacitor is selected according to the electric energy consumed by the ink screen electronic price tag in each refreshing display; the specification of the perovskite solar panel is matched with that of the super capacitor; the ink screen electronic price tag is powered by the super capacitor only when the display changes. According to the scheme, based on the characteristics of the ink screen, the super capacitor is arranged to provide electric energy for refreshing the ink screen electronic price tag, the perovskite solar panel is matched with the super capacitor to achieve rapid collection and storage of weak output electric energy on the power generation side, the circuit design is simple, other energy consumption is not generated, and the use cost of the ink screen electronic price tag is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of e-ink electronic price tag technology, and in particular to a perovskite light-emitting e-ink electronic price tag system. Background Technology

[0002] Electronic shelf labels (ESLs), also known as electronic shelf labels, are electronic display devices with information transmission and reception capabilities. They are primarily used in supermarkets, convenience stores, pharmacies, and other similar establishments to display price information. Based on display technology, electronic shelf labels can be categorized into LCD (liquid crystal display) electronic shelf labels and e-ink (EPD) electronic shelf labels. LCD electronic shelf labels use backlighting, requiring continuous power, resulting in high power consumption and short battery life; their built-in batteries also need frequent replacement or charging. E-ink electronic shelf labels display content through the arrangement of electronic ink particles. Refreshing requires only microseconds of power, and static display consumes no power, making them suitable for scenarios requiring long battery life.

[0003] Currently, electronic shelf label systems widely used in supermarkets and hypermarkets generally rely on button batteries as their core power source. This power supply is primarily used to drive the display unit of the electronic shelf label, ensure the normal operation of its internal integrated circuits, and support the two-way transmission of data such as price information via wireless communication modules. However, the chemical properties of button batteries limit their lifespan to a specific upper limit, typically between 2 and 5 years. For large supermarkets and hypermarkets with a vast inventory of goods and price tags, this means the need for regular, large-scale battery replacements, consuming significant human resources and resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0004] In recent years, with technological advancements, some industry manufacturers have proposed battery-free electronic shelf label solutions, generally focusing on electronic shelf label systems using new energy sources and clean power sources, such as CN 113379020 A and CN 116780704 A. However, these solutions are primarily designed for LCD screen electronic shelf labels requiring continuous power supply. They utilize a transducer module in the circuit to generate electricity directly to power the electronic shelf label, and require an electronic battery or rechargeable battery as backup energy storage. When the environmental conditions of the electronic shelf label change adversely, such as insufficient lighting, the output power of the transducer may not meet the needs of the electronic shelf label, triggering the backup energy storage module to provide auxiliary power. Therefore, LCD screen electronic shelf labels require complex circuitry for energy collection, conversion, and control to meet the operational needs of battery-free electronic shelf labels. This includes complex circuit designs such as detection circuits, trigger circuits, transducer circuits, current limiting circuits, and energy harvesting circuits. These circuits generate significant energy consumption during actual operation, which greatly restricts the energy conversion efficiency, working efficiency, and applicability of battery-free electronic shelf labels. For e-ink electronic shelf labels, the energy consumption of e-ink electronic shelf labels is relatively low, and power is only consumed when refreshing. If the above-mentioned related solutions are applied, it will undoubtedly further increase the energy consumption and cost of e-ink electronic shelf label applications.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need for a new type of electronic shelf label system that is sustainable, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and can effectively match the energy consumption characteristics of e-ink electronic shelf labels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address or partially address the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides a perovskite photoelectric ink screen electronic shelf label system, aiming to solve the problem caused by electronic shelf labels relying on button batteries as a power source, and thus achieve the purpose of this application.

[0007] This application provides a perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system, including: Perovskite solar panels, charging circuits, reverse cutoff limiting circuits, supercapacitors, and e-ink electronic price tags; The charging circuit is connected to the perovskite solar panel, and the reverse cutoff limiting circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the charging circuit. The supercapacitor is connected in parallel between the output terminal of the reverse cutoff limiting circuit and the negative terminal of the charging circuit. The e-ink screen electronic price tag is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor. The reverse cutoff limiting circuit conducts unidirectionally from the charging circuit to the supercapacitor. The specifications of the supercapacitor are selected based on the power consumption of each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag; the specifications of the perovskite solar panel are adapted to the maximum power consumption of each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag and the amount of charge stored in the supercapacitor required; and the minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel per unit time is adapted to the charging current of the supercapacitor. The supercapacitor is used to store the electrical energy generated by the perovskite solar panel, and the e-ink electronic price tag is powered by the supercapacitor only when the display changes.

[0008] Optionally, in some implementations, the supercapacitor specifications are selected based on the power consumption of the e-ink electronic price tag per refresh, including: Obtain the current-time curve of the e-ink electronic price tag display refresh process, and perform curve integration on the current-time curve to obtain the electrical power consumed in a single refresh process of the e-ink electronic price tag. Expand the range of electrical power consumed in a single refresh process of e-ink electronic price tags; Determine the number of times the e-ink electronic price tag needs to be refreshed per day, and calculate the energy that the supercapacitor needs to store; Calculate capacitor specifications based on the capacitor energy storage formula.

[0009] Optionally, in some implementations, the current-time curve is integraled as follows: (1) In equation (1), W represents the electrical power consumed in a single screen refresh. , This indicates the start and end time of the screen refresh, U represents the voltage across the e-ink electronic label, and i represents the current flowing through the e-ink electronic label during the screen refresh process; The energy storage formula for the capacitor is: (2) In equation (2), E represents the energy stored in the capacitor, C represents the capacitance, and V represents the capacitor voltage.

[0010] Optionally, in some embodiments, the specifications of the perovskite solar panel are determined based on the maximum electrical energy consumed per refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag and the required amount of supercapacitor charge, including: Based on the number of refreshes per day and the refresh interval, the minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel is calculated. Taking the maximum energy consumption and the output voltage under low brightness, the amount of charge that the supercapacitor needs to store within the interval is calculated. The minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel is calculated based on the charge formula. The output capacity of the perovskite solar panel must be greater than the minimum charging current to meet the power supply requirements of the supercapacitor. The band gap of the perovskite solar panel is calculated, spectral images of the perovskite solar panel's operating environment at various stages are collected, the reflection of each color of light and the light intensity are determined, and the optimal band gap is determined to reduce energy loss while ensuring a certain light absorption rate.

[0011] Optionally, in some embodiments, the amount of charge that the supercapacitor needs to store during the calculation interval is: (3) In equation (3), This indicates the amount of charge stored in the capacitor. Indicates the charging voltage; The minimum charging current for perovskite solar panels is calculated using the formula for charge quantity: (4) In equation (4), This indicates the minimum charging current for the perovskite solar panel.

[0012] Optionally, in some embodiments, the reverse cutoff limiting circuit includes: Schottky diode, the conduction direction of the Schottky diode is from the charging circuit to the supercapacitor; The PN junction characteristics of the Schottky diode ensure that the current flows unidirectionally from the perovskite solar panel → charging circuit → supercapacitor → e-ink electronic label, preventing the supercapacitor from feeding back into the perovskite solar panel during discharge, thus avoiding energy loss. In addition, the Schottky diode also serves to reduce the forward voltage drop.

[0013] Optionally, in some embodiments, the charging circuit includes: resistance ,resistance And diode D1; resistor The diode D1 and diode D2 are connected in parallel across the two ends of the perovskite solar panel to prevent the perovskite solar panel from short-circuiting. At the same time, diode D1 can effectively limit the reverse peak current and avoid damage to the battery pack. resistance Installed on resistor In the positive output circuit of the perovskite solar panel, it plays a role in limiting current, dividing voltage, and generating voltage drop.

[0014] The technical solution provided in this application may include the following beneficial effects: Leveraging the high startup current and low stable current characteristics of e-ink displays, a supercapacitor is used to store electrical energy to provide the necessary power for the display and refresh of e-ink electronic price tags. A perovskite solar panel, in conjunction with the supercapacitor, enables the rapid collection and storage of the weak output energy from the power generation side. Unlike other electronic price tag power supply solutions, this application's electronic price tag system features a simple circuit design, generates no additional energy consumption, and effectively reduces the cost of using e-ink electronic price tags. Furthermore, the use of optoelectronic devices to power the e-ink electronic price tags is environmentally friendly.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the It curve of the perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a charge / discharge test diagram of the perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system shown in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a spectral diagram of the actual measured indoor light source environment of the perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system shown in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] Embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0019] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0021] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] Electronic shelf labels with built-in button batteries suffer from the problems of requiring regular, large-scale battery replacements, consuming significant manpower, and incurring high maintenance costs. Existing similar solutions are mostly designed for LCD screen electronic shelf labels, which, due to their need for continuous power, require complex circuits including detection, triggering, transducer, current limiting, and energy harvesting circuits. These circuits generate substantial energy consumption during operation, significantly limiting the energy conversion efficiency, working efficiency, and applicability of battery-free e-ink electronic shelf labels. Therefore, this application aims to provide a battery-free, targeted optoelectronic component power supply solution for e-ink electronic shelf labels.

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] See Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic shelf label system shown in an embodiment of this application. A perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic shelf label system includes: Perovskite solar panels, charging circuits, reverse cutoff limiting circuits, supercapacitors, and e-ink electronic price tags; The charging circuit is connected to the perovskite solar panel, and the reverse cutoff limiting circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the charging circuit. The supercapacitor is connected in parallel between the output terminal of the reverse cutoff limiting circuit and the negative terminal of the charging circuit. The e-ink electronic price tag is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor. The reverse cutoff limiting circuit conducts unidirectionally from the charging circuit to the supercapacitor. The supercapacitor is used to store the electrical energy generated by the perovskite solar panel. The e-ink electronic price tag is only powered by the supercapacitor when the display changes.

[0025] In this embodiment, a perovskite solar panel is used to collect light energy within the electronic shelf label application scenario, convert it into electrical energy, and store the electrical energy in a supercapacitor through a charging circuit. The e-ink electronic shelf label is powered by the supercapacitor when displaying changes, meaning it only directly consumes the electrical energy stored in the supercapacitor, thus replacing the solution of using a built-in button battery.

[0026] Due to the high startup current and low stable current characteristics of e-ink screens, the specifications of perovskite solar cells and supercapacitors need to be specially selected to achieve the above objectives. Specifically: The specifications of the supercapacitor need to be selected based on the power consumption of each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag. Furthermore, the specifications of the perovskite solar panel are compatible with the maximum power consumption of each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag and the required charge storage capacity of the supercapacitor, and the minimum charging current per unit time is compatible with the charging current of the supercapacitor. Therefore, the e-ink electronic price tag can obtain the necessary power from the supercapacitor only during display and refresh, and the weak output power from the power generation side is rapidly collected and stored through the perovskite solar panel, charging circuit, and supercapacitor. Unlike other electronic price tag power supply solutions, the circuit design in this example is simple, generates no other energy consumption, and effectively reduces the operating cost of the e-ink electronic price tag.

[0027] The band gap of perovskite solar panels can be adjusted by modifying their composition to better match the solar spectrum and improve the efficiency of sunlight utilization. The low exciton binding energy and high carrier mobility of perovskite materials allow photogenerated carriers to separate more easily and migrate rapidly, maintaining high photoelectric conversion efficiency even in cloudy weather or under insufficient sunlight. Furthermore, perovskite materials have a high light absorption coefficient, enabling efficient absorption of incident light even with thinner layers, reducing the amount of material used. In this example, perovskite solar panels were chosen because their photoelectric conversion efficiency is far higher than that of crystalline silicon cells. The band gap can be adjusted to fully adapt to the spectrum of the commercial environment, further improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. A relatively small perovskite solar panel can meet the charging requirements of a supercapacitor.

[0028] The reverse cutoff limiting circuit is used to ensure that the current flows only in one direction from the perovskite solar panel → charging circuit → supercapacitor → e-ink screen electronic label, preventing the supercapacitor from sending power back to the perovskite solar panel when it discharges, which would result in the supercapacitor losing power.

[0029] In some embodiments, this application provides a method for selecting a supercapacitor, namely, selecting the supercapacitor specification based on the power consumed each time the electronic price tag refreshes its display, as follows: Obtain the current-time curve of the e-ink electronic price tag display refresh process, and perform curve integration on the current-time curve to obtain the electrical power consumed in a single refresh process of the e-ink electronic price tag. The curve integration on the current-time curve is as follows: (1) In equation (1), W represents the electrical power consumed in a single screen refresh. , This indicates the start and end time of the screen refresh, U represents the voltage across the e-ink electronic label, and i represents the current flowing through the e-ink electronic label during the screen refresh process; Expand the range of electrical power consumed in a single refresh process of e-ink electronic price tags; Determine the number of times the e-ink electronic price tag needs to be refreshed per day, and calculate the energy that the supercapacitor needs to store; The capacitor specifications are calculated based on the capacitor energy storage formula, which is: (2) In equation (2), E represents the energy stored in the capacitor, C represents the capacitance, and V represents the capacitor voltage; The specifications of the perovskite solar panel are determined based on the maximum electrical energy consumed by each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag and the amount of charge stored in the supercapacitor required, ensuring that the minimum charging current per unit time meets the charging requirements of the supercapacitor.

[0030] like Figure 2 The It curve shown represents the screen refresh process of a 2.13-inch e-ink electronic price tag. Under standard 3V constant voltage mode, the screen information update and maintenance are completed from 43.3s to 66.3s. The peak current is 9.6mA at 43.5s, and fluctuates at 1.4mA from 44.0s to 64.2s. Ideally, by integrating the current-time curve according to equation (1), the actual power consumption is between 0.1 J and 0.15 J. Based on the expected refresh of information twice a day, the capacitor specifications are calculated as follows: when E=0.1 J and V=3 V: (1) When E=0.15 J and V=3 V: Choosing a supercapacitor with a capacity of 5V 0.4F (400 mF) or higher can balance both capacity and reliability.

[0031] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is the overall test diagram of the charging and discharging of the e-ink electronic label. The whole process is divided into two stages: the capacitor charging process, which can reach saturation in 25 seconds under a 3V regulated voltage; and the label refreshing process, where the current of the e-ink electronic label is between 0.002-0.008A, and the 5V 0.4F (400 mF) supercapacitor meets the power supply requirements.

[0032] In some embodiments, this application provides a method for selecting the specifications of perovskite solar panels, wherein the specifications of the perovskite solar panels are determined based on the maximum electrical energy consumed per refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag and the required amount of supercapacitor charge, as follows: Based on the daily refresh frequency and refresh interval, the minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel is calculated. Taking the maximum energy consumption and output voltage at low brightness, the amount of charge that the supercapacitor needs to store within the specified interval is calculated. The amount of charge that the supercapacitor needs to store within the specified interval is: (3) In equation (3), This indicates the amount of charge stored in the capacitor. Indicates the charging voltage; The minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel is calculated using the charge formula. The output capacity of the perovskite solar panel must be greater than the minimum charging current to meet the power supply requirements of the supercapacitor. The minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel calculated using the charge formula is as follows: (4) In equation (4), This indicates the minimum charging current for the perovskite solar panel.

[0033] Based on information refreshed twice a day with an 8-hour interval, the minimum charging current of the solar cell is calculated. Taking the maximum energy consumption of 1.5J and the output voltage of 1V under low brightness as the calculation, the amount of charge stored in the capacitor in 8 hours is calculated. The minimum charging current is: Calculations show that the charging current is 10.42 microamps (μA), significantly lower than the output capacity of perovskite solar cells, which typically operate in the milliamp range (1 mA = 1000 μA). Given that the power consumption of e-ink electronic price tags is in the microamp range, the above charging current value completely covers its power consumption threshold and meets the system's power supply requirements.

[0034] The band gap of the perovskite solar panel is calculated, spectral images of the perovskite solar panel's operating environment at various stages are collected, the reflection of each color of light and the light intensity are determined, and the optimal band gap is determined to reduce energy loss while ensuring a certain light absorption rate.

[0035] To ensure clear visibility of goods under ideal indoor lighting conditions, the light intensity in supermarket shelf areas should be 500-750 lux, with an optimal band gap of 1.95 eV for CsPbBr2I material. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the peak value of the actual measured indoor light source environment spectrum is 490.6 nm, with blue light contributing the most and a significant increase in the proportion of deep blue light. The overall spectrum exhibits a pyramid shape, unlike the more balanced theoretical ambient light. This necessitates a larger band gap, close to 2.53 eV, to achieve better absorption of the spectrum. The specific band gap needs to be determined based on the changing trend of the material's absorption spectrum.

[0036] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 1 The reverse cutoff limiting circuit includes: Schottky diode D2 conducts from the charging circuit to the supercapacitor. A fast recovery diode with an A rating of 1A or higher is selected. The PN junction characteristic of the Schottky diode ensures that the current flows unidirectionally from the perovskite solar panel → charging circuit → supercapacitor → e-ink electronic label, preventing backflow of power from the supercapacitor during discharge and thus avoiding energy waste.

[0037] In some implementations, please refer to Figure 1 The charging circuit includes a resistor. ,resistance And diode D1; resistor Diode D1 and resistor D2 are connected in parallel across the perovskite solar panel to prevent short circuits. Diode D1 also effectively limits the reverse peak current, preventing damage to the battery pack. Installed on resistor In the positive output circuit of the perovskite solar panel, it plays a role in limiting current, dividing voltage, and generating voltage drop.

[0038] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system, characterized in that, include: Perovskite solar panels, charging circuits, reverse cutoff limiting circuits, supercapacitors, and e-ink electronic price tags; The charging circuit is connected to the perovskite solar panel, and the reverse cutoff limiting circuit is connected to the positive output terminal of the charging circuit. The supercapacitor is connected in parallel between the output terminal of the reverse cutoff limiting circuit and the negative terminal of the charging circuit. The e-ink screen electronic price tag is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor. The reverse cutoff limiting circuit conducts unidirectionally from the charging circuit to the supercapacitor. The specifications of the supercapacitor are selected based on the power consumption of each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag; the specifications of the perovskite solar panel are adapted to the maximum power consumption of each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag and the amount of charge stored in the supercapacitor required; and the minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel per unit time is adapted to the charging current of the supercapacitor. The supercapacitor is used to store the electrical energy generated by the perovskite solar panel. The reason for choosing a supercapacitor is that the indoor light intensity is relatively weak when the circuit is working as a whole, and the power generation is limited. The supercapacitor can quickly collect a small amount of electricity. In addition, the e-ink screen has a large starting current when switching the displayed content. The capacitor has the characteristic of releasing a large current instantly. The e-ink screen electronic price tag is only powered by the supercapacitor when the display changes.

2. The perovskite photoelectric ink screen electronic price tag system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications of the supercapacitor are selected based on the power consumption of each refresh of the e-ink electronic price tag, including: Obtain the current-time curve of the e-ink electronic price tag display refresh process, and perform curve integration on the current-time curve to obtain the electrical power consumed in a single refresh process of the e-ink electronic price tag. Expand the range of electrical power consumed in a single refresh process of e-ink electronic price tags; Determine the number of times the e-ink electronic price tag needs to be refreshed per day, and calculate the energy that the supercapacitor needs to store; Calculate capacitor specifications based on the capacitor energy storage formula.

3. The perovskite photoelectric ink screen electronic price tag system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The curve integral of the current-time curve is as follows: （1） In equation (1), W represents the electrical power consumed in a single screen refresh. , This indicates the start and end time of the screen refresh, U represents the voltage across the e-ink electronic label, and i represents the current flowing through the e-ink electronic label during the screen refresh process; The energy storage formula for the capacitor is: （2） In equation (2), E represents the energy stored in the capacitor, C represents the capacitance, and V represents the capacitor voltage.

4. The perovskite photoelectric ink screen electronic price tag system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specifications of the perovskite solar panels include: Based on the number of refreshes per day and the refresh interval, the minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel is calculated. Taking the maximum energy consumption and the output voltage under low brightness, the amount of charge that the supercapacitor needs to store within the interval is calculated. The minimum charging current of the perovskite solar panel is calculated based on the charge formula. The output capacity of the perovskite solar panel must be greater than the minimum charging current to meet the power supply requirements of the supercapacitor. The band gap of the perovskite solar panel is calculated, spectral images of the perovskite solar panel's operating environment at various stages are collected, the reflection of each color of light and the light intensity are determined, and the optimal band gap is determined to reduce energy loss while ensuring a certain light absorption rate.

5. The perovskite photoelectric ink screen electronic price tag system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The amount of charge that the supercapacitor needs to store during the calculation interval is: （3） In equation (3), This indicates the amount of charge stored in the capacitor. Indicates the charging voltage; The minimum charging current for the perovskite solar panel, calculated using the charge formula, is: （4） In equation (4), This indicates the minimum charging current for the perovskite solar panel.

6. The perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse cutoff limiting circuit includes: Schottky diode, the conduction direction of the Schottky diode is from the charging circuit to the supercapacitor; The PN junction characteristics of the Schottky diode ensure that the current flows unidirectionally from the perovskite solar panel → charging circuit → supercapacitor → e-ink electronic label, preventing the supercapacitor from feeding back into the perovskite solar panel during discharge and causing energy loss. Schottky diodes have a smaller forward voltage drop, reducing voltage drop losses during charging.

7. The perovskite light-emitting ink screen electronic price tag system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging circuit includes: resistance ,resistance And diode D1; resistor The diode D1 and diode D2 are connected in parallel across the two ends of the perovskite solar panel to prevent the perovskite solar panel from short-circuiting. At the same time, diode D1 can effectively limit the reverse peak current and avoid damage to the battery pack. resistance Installed on resistor In the positive output circuit of the perovskite solar panel, it plays a role in limiting current, dividing voltage, and generating voltage drop.

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