Switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a switched capacitor converter having a power transfer regulation function, including: a switched capacitor module including a plurality of switches and capacitors, converting an input voltage into an output voltage according to a conversion ratio corresponding to a coupling structure of the plurality of capacitors generated by switching of the plurality of switches; a control voltage generator that generates a control voltage by comparing a feedback signal selected from the input current, the output current, and the output voltage of the switched capacitor module with a preset reference value; and an upper switch on-resistance regulator that regulates a driving voltage for driving the upper switch according to the control voltage generated by the control voltage generator, thereby generating a regulated voltage applied to a gate terminal of the upper switch, and applies the regulated voltage to the gate terminal of the upper switch to control a gate-source voltage of the upper switch, therefore, the on-resistance of the upper switch is adjusted, and the power transmitted by the switched capacitor module is adjusted by adjusting the on-resistance of the upper switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0091385, filed on July 10, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference for all relevant purposes.

[0002] This disclosure relates to a switched capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function. More specifically, according to this disclosure, a switched capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function adaptively regulates the power transmitted to the output terminal of the switched capacitor converter by adjusting the on-state voltage of the upper switch constituting the switched capacitor converter, thereby preventing overvoltage or overcurrent from being applied to the battery connected to the output terminal of the switched capacitor converter, and regulating the input current of the converter. Background Technology

[0003] A switched capacitor converter is a DC-DC converter that converts voltage by using the charging and discharging of a capacitor.

[0004] Because switched-capacitor converters use capacitors instead of inductors, they offer advantages such as small size, light weight, low cost, and high efficiency. Furthermore, since switched-capacitor converters can be easily integrated using CMOS technology, they can be applied to various types of electronic devices.

[0005] The advantages of this switched-capacitor converter will be described in more detail below.

[0006] Switched-capacitor converters can be made small and lightweight. That is, since switched-capacitor converters use capacitors instead of inductors, their size and weight are greatly reduced, making them suitable for small electronic devices.

[0007] Switched-capacitor converters can be implemented at a lower cost. That is, because switched-capacitor converters do not require inductors, their manufacturing cost is low.

[0008] Switched-capacitor converters are highly efficient. That is, they offer higher efficiency due to lower switching losses and fewer resistive elements. In particular, switched-capacitor converters maintain high efficiency over low output current ranges.

[0009] Switched-capacitor converters have a fast transient response characteristic. That is, due to their fast switching speed, they provide a rapid response to transient changes.

[0010] Switched-capacitor converters have lower output noise. That is, because switched-capacitor converters do not include inductors, their output noise is lower.

[0011] Switched-capacitor converters can be easily integrated. That is, switched-capacitor converters can be easily integrated using CMOS technology and can be built into various IC components.

[0012] On the other hand, if a high input voltage is accidentally applied to a switched-capacitor converter due to any factor, it may damage the internal components of the converter or the battery connected to the output terminal.

[0013] The main problems that may occur with the battery connected to the output terminal of the switched-capacitor converter are described below:

[0014] Battery damage may occur due to overvoltage. That is, when the input voltage exceeds the battery's rated voltage (maximum operating voltage), the battery may be damaged, and in severe cases, it may even explode or catch fire.

[0015] In addition, excessively high voltage may damage the battery electrodes, leading to problems such as increased internal resistance, shortened lifespan, and reduced battery capacity.

[0016] In addition, excessively high voltage can cause the battery and converter to overheat, leading to problems such as shortened battery life and performance degradation.

[0017] Furthermore, even if the battery is not in an overvoltage or overcurrent state, the input current still needs to be limited to a specified value. However, existing switched-capacitor converters have not yet offered effective technical solutions to these problems.

[0018] Existing technical documents

[0019] Patent documents

[0020] (Patent Document 1) Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2017-0092605 (Publication Date: August 11, 2017, Title: Adjusted High-Side Gate Driver Circuit for Power Transistors) Summary of the Invention

[0021] Technical issues

[0022] The technical challenge of this disclosure is to provide a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function, which adaptively regulates the power transmitted to the output terminal of the switched capacitor converter by adjusting the on-state voltage of the upper switch constituting the switched capacitor converter, thereby preventing overvoltage or overcurrent from being applied to the battery connected to the output terminal of the switched capacitor converter, and regulating the input current of the switched capacitor converter.

[0023] Technical solution

[0024] A switched-capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function according to the present disclosure includes: a switched-capacitor module comprising a plurality of switches and capacitors, wherein an input voltage is converted into an output voltage according to a conversion ratio corresponding to the coupling structure of the plurality of capacitors generated by switching the plurality of switches; a control voltage generator that generates a control voltage by comparing a feedback signal selected from the input current, output current and output voltage of the switched-capacitor module with a preset reference value; and an upper switch on-resistance regulator that adjusts a drive voltage Vdrv for driving the upper switch according to the control voltage Vc generated by the control voltage generator, thereby generating an adjusted voltage Vreg applied to the gate terminal of the upper switch, and applies the adjusted voltage to the gate terminal of the upper switch to control the gate-source voltage of the upper switch, thereby adjusting the on-resistance of the upper switch, and adjusting the power transferred by the switched-capacitor module by adjusting the on-resistance of the upper switch.

[0025] According to the present disclosure, a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function further includes an input switch disposed between the drain terminal of the upper switch constituting the switched capacitor module and the input terminal to which the input voltage is supplied.

[0026] According to the present disclosure, a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function is provided, wherein when the feedback signal rises above the reference value, the control voltage generator adjusts the regulated voltage applied to the gate terminal of the upper switch by reducing the control voltage, thereby increasing the on-resistance Ron of the upper switch to limit the output voltage and output current or input current of the switched capacitor module from rising above the set value.

[0027] According to the present disclosure, a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function is integrated into a power-consuming device.

[0028] According to the present disclosure, a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function is disposed between an external power supply including a charger and a battery built into the power consuming device, thereby preventing overvoltage or overcurrent from being applied to the battery due to an increase in the voltage supplied by the external power supply.

[0029] Invention Effects

[0030] According to this disclosure, it has the following effects: adaptively adjusting the power transmitted to the output terminal of the switched-capacitor converter to regulate the input current applied to the switched-capacitor converter, thereby preventing overvoltage or overcurrent from being applied to the battery connected to the output terminal of the switched-capacitor converter, and regulating the on-state voltage of the upper switch constituting the switched-capacitor converter. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a switched capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a specific example diagram of a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of a switched capacitor module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 4 and Figure 5 It is shown Figure 3 The diagram shows the 4:1 voltage conversion operation of the switched capacitor module.

[0035] Figure 6 and Figure 7 It is shown Figure 3 The diagram shows the 3:1 voltage conversion operation of the switched capacitor module.

[0036] Figure 8 and Figure 9 It is shown Figure 3 The diagram shows the 3:1 voltage conversion operation of the switched capacitor module. Detailed Implementation

[0037] It should be understood that the specific structural or functional descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept. The invention can be implemented in various forms and is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention can be modified in various ways and can take many forms; therefore, the embodiments of this application and the appendix are similar. Figure 1 The same examples are illustrated and described in detail. However, it should be understood that embodiments based on the concepts of the present invention are not limited to the specific forms disclosed, and include all modifications, equivalents, or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the invention.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical and / or scientific terms, shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant field, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

[0040] In the following text, the basic principles of this disclosure will be described first, and then embodiments of this disclosure will be described in more detail.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating a switched-capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 This is a specific example diagram of a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function includes a switched capacitor module 10, an input switch QIN, a control voltage generator 20, and an upper switch on-resistance regulator 30.

[0043] In the following description, for example, a switched capacitor converter with power transfer regulation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure can be built into power-consuming devices such as smartphones and tablets.

[0044] As a more specific example, a switched capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is disposed between an external power source (including a charger) and a power-consuming device (e.g., a smartphone and a tablet computer) to prevent overvoltage or overcurrent from being applied to the battery due to an increase in the voltage supplied by the external power source.

[0045] The switched capacitor module 10 includes multiple switches and capacitors. Based on the conversion ratio corresponding to the coupling structure of the multiple capacitors generated by switching the multiple switches, the input voltage Vin is converted into an output voltage Vout. (See below for reference.) Figures 3 to 9 An exemplary configuration of the switched capacitor module 10 is described. Among the plurality of switches constituting the switched capacitor module 10, the switch closest to the input terminal is the upper switch QH.

[0046] An input switch QIN is positioned between the input terminal to which the input voltage Vin is supplied and the drain terminal of the upper switch QH, which includes the switched capacitor module 10. For example, the input switch QIN can regulate power, detect the current of the switched capacitor module 10, and electrically disconnect the input terminal from the output terminal connected to the battery. Alternatively, the input switch QIN can be omitted, but it can be included as a component for detecting the input current Iin when a control voltage Vc is generated based on the input current Iin. Furthermore, the input current Iin can also be detected by a metallized resistor or by using other methods generally known, the metallized resistor being the resistance of the metal wiring in the semiconductor device used to carry current without the input switch QIN.

[0047] The control voltage generator 20 generates the control voltage Vc by comparing a feedback signal selected from the input current Iin, output current Iout, and output voltage Vout of the switched capacitor module 10 with a preset reference value.

[0048] For example, when the feedback signal exceeds the set reference value, the control voltage generator 20 adjusts the regulated voltage Vreg applied to the gate terminal of the upper switch QH by reducing the control voltage Vc, thereby limiting the output current Iout and output voltage Vout of the switched capacitor module 10 from exceeding the corresponding set value when the on-resistance Ron of the upper switch QH of the switched capacitor module 10 increases.

[0049] The upper switch on-resistance regulator 30 adjusts the driving voltage Vdrv supplied to drive the upper switch QH of the switched capacitor module 10 according to the control voltage Vc generated by the control voltage generator 20, thereby generating an adjusted voltage Vreg applied to the gate terminal of the upper switch QH of the switched capacitor module 10; and adjusts the on-resistance Ron of the upper switch QH of the switched capacitor module 10 by controlling the gate-source voltage Vgs of the upper switch QH of the switched capacitor module 10; and adjusts the power transmitted from the switched capacitor module 10 to the battery, etc. by adjusting the on-resistance Ron of the upper switch QH of the switched capacitor module 10.

[0050] For example, the upper switch on-resistance regulator 30 may include a regulator consisting of a super source follower supplied with control voltage Vc and drive voltage Vdrv and a gate driver consisting of a CMOS inverter connected to the super source follower, but is not limited thereto, and any other circuit may be applied to the upper switch on-resistance regulator 30.

[0051] As a more specific example, the regulator may include a first current source IS1, a first NMOS switch N1, a second current source IS2 and a first PMOS switch P1, and the gate driver may include, but is not limited to, a second PMOS switch P2 and a second NMOS switch N2.

[0052] The driving voltage Vdrv is applied to one terminal of the first current source IS1. One terminal of the first current source IS1 is connected to the drain terminal of the first PMOS switch P1, and the other terminal of the first current source IS1 is connected to both the drain terminal of the first NMOS switch N1 and the gate terminal of the first PMOS switch P1.

[0053] The control voltage Vc output by the control voltage generator 20 is applied to the gate terminal of the first NMOS switch N1. The drain terminal of the first NMOS switch N1 is connected to the other terminal of the first current source IS1 and the gate terminal of the first PMOS switch P1. The source terminal of the first NMOS switch N1 is connected to one terminal of the second current source IS2, the source terminal of the first PMOS switch P1, and the drain terminal of the second PMOS switch P2.

[0054] One terminal of the second source IS2 is connected to the source terminal of the first NMOS switch N1, the source terminal of the first PMOS switch P1, and the drain terminal of the second PMOS switch P2. The other terminal of the second current source IS2 is connected to the source terminal of the second NMOS switch N2 and the source terminal of the upper switch QH constituting the switched capacitor module 10.

[0055] A driving voltage Vdrv is applied to the drain terminal of the first PMOS switch P1; the drain terminal of the first PMOS switch P1 is connected to one terminal of the first current source IS1; the gate terminal of the first PMOS switch P1 is connected to the drain terminal of the first NMOS switch N1 and the other terminal of the first current source IS1; the source terminal of the first PMOS switch P1 is connected to the source terminal of the first NMOS switch N1, one terminal of the second current source IS2, and the drain terminal of the second PMOS switch P2.

[0056] The drain terminal of the second PMOS switch P2 is connected to the source terminal of the first PMOS switch P1, the source terminal of the first NMOS switch N1, and one terminal of the second current source IS2. The source terminal of the second PMOS switch P2 is connected to the drain terminal of the second NMOS switch N2 and the gate terminal of the upper switch QH constituting the switched capacitor module 10. In addition, the gate terminal of the second PMOS switch P2 is connected to the gate terminal of the second NMOS switch N2, so that the second PMOS switch P2 and the second NMOS switch N2 constitute a CMOS inverter.

[0057] The drain terminal of the second NMOS switch N2 is connected to the source terminal of the second PMOS switch P2 and the gate terminal of the upper switch QH that constitutes the switched capacitor module 10; the source terminal of the second NMOS switch N2 is connected to the other terminal of the second current source IS2 and the source terminal of the upper switch QH that constitutes the switched capacitor module 10; the gate terminal of the second NMOS switch N2 is connected to the gate terminal of the second PMOS switch P2.

[0058] An exemplary operating structure of the regulator that may be included in such an upper-side switch on-resistance regulator is described below.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, the regulated voltage Vreg is the voltage difference Vc-Vgs between the control voltage Vc and the gate-source voltage Vgs of the upper switch QH. When the upper switch QH is on, the gate-source voltage Vgs of the upper switch QH is the regulated voltage Vreg. The on-resistance Ron of the upper switch QH is adjusted by regulating the regulated voltage Vreg. When the second PMOS switch connected to the gate of the upper switch QH is on, the gate-source voltage Vgs of the upper switch QH is the regulated voltage Vreg.

[0060] The regulator can be configured not only as a super source follower, but also in various other forms, and can be any circuit that can adjust the gate-source voltage Vgs of the upper switch QH according to the control voltage Vc.

[0061] According to this configuration of an embodiment of the present disclosure, since the gate-source voltage of the upper switch QH is adjusted according to the control voltage Vc, the on-resistance Ron of the upper switch QH changes, thereby controlling the power transmitted from the switched capacitor module 10 to the output unit.

[0062] For example, when the input voltage Vin increases for any reason and the voltage and current of the battery connected to the switched capacitor module 10 increase, if the control voltage Vc decreases, the regulated voltage Vreg decreases, thereby preventing the battery current or voltage from exceeding the set value.

[0063] In the following text, reference will be made to Figures 3 to 9 The configuration and operation of a switched capacitor module 10 included in a switched capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are described.

[0064] Figure 3 This is an example diagram of the switched capacitor module 10.

[0065] The switched capacitor module 10 can be used for power conversion within systems of electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets. Figure 3In the multiple switches constituting the switched capacitor module 10, the switch S1 closest to the input terminal is the upper switch QH.

[0066] The switched-capacitor module 10 can receive an input voltage Vin and provide an output voltage Vo through its output terminals. Here, the input voltage Vin can be provided by a charger outside the system or by any node in the power network within the system. The switched-capacitor module 10 can generate an input voltage Vin and an output voltage Vo with a predetermined ratio and output them to any node in the power network within the system. Although Figure 3 The diagram also shows an output capacitor Co, but the output capacitor Co can be a component of the switched capacitor module 10 included in the switched capacitor module 10, or it can be a component outside the switched capacitor module 10 that is not included in the switched capacitor module 10.

[0067] The switched capacitor module 10 can essentially operate at a voltage conversion ratio of 4:1 (the ratio of input voltage to output voltage). The switched capacitor module 10 can also selectively change between voltage conversion ratios of 4:1, 3:1, or 2:1.

[0068] Here, the term "substantially" used in relation to voltage conversion ratio means that even if the switched capacitor module 10 is designed and operates with a voltage conversion ratio of 4:1, the actual ratio of input voltage to output voltage may deviate from 4:1 due to controller errors or the influence of parasitic elements in the circuitry. In the following text, regarding voltage conversion ratio or voltage stress of the device, it should be understood that the aforementioned deviation may be included even if the word "substantially" is omitted.

[0069] Input and output terminals are not limited to a specific shape or connection method. Any terminal connected to the input voltage Vin can be considered an input terminal, and any terminal connected to the output voltage Vo can be considered an output terminal.

[0070] The switched capacitor module 10 may include a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a switching network S1 to S10.

[0071] Switching networks S1 to S10 can change the connection relationship between the input terminals, output terminals, first capacitor C1, second capacitor C2, and third capacitor C3. Depending on the operation of switching networks S1 to S10, the voltage conversion ratio can be selected from 4:1, 3:1, or 2:1. According to one or more embodiments, the voltage conversion ratio can be changed during the operation of the switched capacitor module 10.

[0072] The circuit configuration of the switched capacitor module 10 will be described in more detail. The first terminal of the first switch S1 (of the two terminals of the first switch S1, the terminal located above the drawing is referred to as the first terminal, and the terminal located below the drawing is referred to as the second terminal, and this also applies to other drawings and components below) can be connected to the input terminal. The second terminal of the first switch S1 can be connected to the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the third switch S3. The second terminal of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the first terminal of the second switch S2 and the first terminal of the fifth switch S5. The second terminal of the fifth switch S5 can be connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 and the first terminal of the ninth switch S9. The second terminal of the third capacitor C3 can be connected to the first terminal of the sixth switch S6 and the second terminal of the tenth switch S10. The second terminal of the ninth switch S9 can be connected to the first terminal, output terminal, and second terminal of the seventh switch S7 and the first terminal of the eighth switch S8. The second terminal of the third switch S3 can be connected to the first terminal of the seventh switch S7 and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2. The second terminal of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the second terminal of the eighth switch S8 and the first terminal of the fourth switch S4. The second terminal of the second switch S2, the second terminal of the sixth switch S6, and the second terminal of the fourth switch S4 can be connected to a reference potential (e.g., ground or ground).

[0073] Here, at least one of the first switch S1 to the tenth switch S10 can be connected in series and / or in parallel. Here, at least one of the first capacitor C1 to the third capacitor C3 can be connected in series and / or in parallel. That is, Figure 3 Each of the switches S1 to S10 and capacitors C1 to C3 shown can consist of multiple elements and can operate as a single element. In this disclosure, when referring to the number of switches, it should be understood that when multiple switches are connected in series and / or parallel to operate in a manner similar to a single switch, it is considered as using a single switch. The same applies in the case of capacitors.

[0074] The first switch S1 to the tenth switch S10 can be implemented as semiconductor switching elements. For example, the first switch S1 to the tenth switch S10 can be implemented as semiconductor switching elements capable of high-speed operation, such as FET, IGBT, MCT, GTO and BJT.

[0075] Figure 4 and Figure 5 It is shown Figure 3 The diagram shows the 4:1 voltage conversion operation of the switched capacitor module 10.

[0076] Figure 4 (a) shows the switch connection state in the first state of the 4:1 mode, and Figure 4(b) Equivalently shows the connection relationship between capacitors in the first state of the 4:1 mode. Figure 5 (a) shows the switch connection state in the second state of the 4:1 mode, and Figure 5 (b) Equivalently shows the connection relationship between capacitors in the second state of the 4:1 mode.

[0077] refer to Figure 4 (a) In the first state of the 4:1 mode, the first switch S1, the fourth switch S4, the fifth switch S5, the seventh switch S7 and the tenth switch S10 can be in the on state, and the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the sixth switch S6, the eighth switch S8 and the ninth switch S9 can be in the off state.

[0078] In this case, such as Figure 4 As shown in (b), the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the input terminal, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the first terminal of the third capacitor C3, and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the reference potential.

[0079] refer to Figure 4 (b) In the first state of the 4:1 mode, the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, the first capacitor voltage V1, the second capacitor voltage V2, and the third capacitor voltage V3 can satisfy the following relationship.

[0080] (Formula 1) Vin=V1+V3+Vo

[0081] (Formula 2) V2=Vo

[0082] refer to Figure 5 (a) In the second state of the 4:1 mode, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the sixth switch S6, the eighth switch S8 and the ninth switch S9 can be in the on state, and the first switch S1, the fourth switch S4, the fifth switch S5, the seventh switch S7 and the tenth switch S10 can be in the off state.

[0083] In this case, such as Figure 5 As shown in (b), the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the reference potential, the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the first terminal and the output terminal of the third capacitor C3, and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 can be connected to the reference potential.

[0084] refer to Figure 5(b) In the second state of the 4:1 mode, the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, the first capacitor voltage V1, the second capacitor voltage V2, and the third capacitor voltage V3 can satisfy the following relationship.

[0085] (Formula 3)V3=Vo

[0086] (Formula 4) V1=V2+Vo

[0087] When the first and second states repeat within one switching cycle, capacitors C1 to C3 reach a steady state. Assuming that the capacitors are large enough to negligiblely change their voltage during one switching cycle in steady state, the relationship between capacitor voltages V1 to V3, input voltage Vin, and output voltage Vo in this steady state can be analyzed using Equations 1 to 4 above.

[0088] The following voltage relationships can be derived from the calculations of formulas 1 to 4.

[0089] V1 = 2Vo

[0090] V2 = V3 = Vo

[0091] Vin = 4Vo

[0092] That is, since the input voltage Vin is four times the output voltage Vo, therefore when Figure 3 The switched capacitor module 10 shown is Figure 4 and Figure 5 When the method shown is used, a voltage conversion ratio of 4:1 can be achieved. Here, the voltage of the first capacitor V1 is twice the output voltage Vo, and the voltages of the second capacitor V2 and the third capacitor V3 are the same as the output voltage Vo. It should be understood that the voltage relationships of the capacitors may deviate as described above, and this also applies to the following explanation.

[0093] When the switched capacitor module 10 operates at a voltage conversion ratio of 4:1, the voltage stresses applied to the capacitor and switch are shown in the table below.

[0094] 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Vo o o Vo Vo Vo o o o o o o o

[0095] surface

[0096] Figure 6 and Figure 7 It is shown Figure 3 The diagram shows the 3:1 voltage conversion operation of the switched capacitor module 10.

[0097] Figure 6 (a) shows the switch connection state in the first state of the 3:1 mode, and Figure 6(b) Equivalently shows the connection relationship between capacitors in the first state of the 3:1 mode. Figure 7 (a) shows the switch connection state in the second state of the 3:1 mode, and Figure 7 (b) Equivalently shows the connection relationship between capacitors in the second state of the 3:1 mode.

[0098] refer to Figure 6 (a) In the first state of the 3:1 mode, the first switch S1, the fifth switch S5 and the tenth switch S10 can be in the on state, and the second switch SW, the third switch SW, the fourth switch SW, the sixth switch SW, the seventh switch SW and the ninth switch SW can be in the off state.

[0099] In this case, such as Figure 6 As shown in (b), the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the input terminal, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 can be connected to the third capacitor C3, and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 can be connected to the output terminal.

[0100] refer to Figure 6 (b) In the first state of the 3:1 mode, the voltage of the third capacitor V3, the voltage of the first capacitor V1, the output voltage V0 and the input voltage Vin can satisfy the following relationship.

[0101] (Formula 9) Vin=V1+V3+Vo

[0102] refer to Figure 7 (a) In the second state of the 3:1 mode, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the sixth switch S6, the seventh switch S7 and the ninth switch S9 can be in the on state, and the first switch S1, the fourth switch S4, the fifth switch S5, the eighth switch S8 and the tenth switch S10 can be in the off state.

[0103] In this case, such as Figure 7 As shown in (b), the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the third capacitor C3 can be connected to the output terminal, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the second terminal of the third capacitor C2 can be connected to the reference potential.

[0104] refer to Figure 7 (b) In the second state of the 3:1 mode, the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, the first capacitor voltage V1 and the third capacitor voltage V3 can satisfy the following relationship.

[0105] (Formula 10) V1 = V3 = Vo

[0106] By deriving formulas 9 and 10, the following voltage relationship can be obtained.

[0107] V1 = V3 = Vo

[0108] Vin = 3Vo

[0109] That is, since the input voltage Vin is three times the output voltage Vo, therefore when Figure 3 The switched capacitor module 10 shown is Figure 6 and Figure 7 When the method shown is used, a voltage conversion ratio of 3:1 can be achieved. Here, the voltages of the first capacitor V1 and the third capacitor V3 are the same as the output voltage.

[0110] Figure 8 and Figure 9 It is shown Figure 3 The diagram shows the 2:1 voltage conversion operation of the switched capacitor module 10.

[0111] Figure 8 (a) shows the switch connection state in the first state of the 2:1 mode, and Figure 8 (b) Equivalently shows the connection relationship between capacitors in the first state of the 2:1 mode. Figure 9 (a) shows the switch connection state in the second state of the 2:1 mode, and Figure 9 (b) Equivalently shows the connection relationship between capacitors in the second state of the 2:1 mode.

[0112] refer to Figure 8 (a) In the first state of the 2:1 mode, the first switch S1, the third switch S3, the fifth switch S5, the eighth switch S8 and the ninth switch S9 can be in the on state, and the second switch S2, the fourth switch S4, the sixth switch S6, the seventh switch S7 and the tenth switch S10 can be in the off state.

[0113] In this case, such as Figure 8 As shown in (b), the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the input terminal, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the output terminal.

[0114] refer to Figure 8 (b) In the first state of the 2:1 mode, the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, the first capacitor voltage V1 and the second capacitor voltage V2 can satisfy the following relationship.

[0115] (Formula 11) V1=V1=Vo

[0116] (Formula 12) V1 = V2

[0117] refer to Figure 9 (a) In the second state of the 2:1 mode, the second switch S2, the third switch S3, the fourth switch S4 and the seventh switch S7 are in the on state, and the first switch S1, the fifth switch S5, the sixth switch S6, the eighth switch S8, the ninth switch S9 and the tenth switch S10 are in the off state.

[0118] In this case, such as Figure 9 As shown in (b), the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the output terminal, and the second terminal of the first capacitor C1 and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 can be connected to the reference potential.

[0119] refer to Figure 9 (b) In the second state of the 2:1 mode, the input voltage Vin, the output voltage Vo, the first capacitor voltage V1 and the second capacitor voltage V2 can satisfy the following relationship.

[0120] (Formula 13) V1=V2=Vo

[0121] By deriving formulas 11 and 13, the following voltage relationship can be obtained.

[0122] V1 = V2 = Vo

[0123] Vin = 2Vo

[0124] That is, since the input voltage Vin is twice the output voltage Vo, therefore when Figure 3 The switched capacitor module 10 shown is Figure 8 and Figure 9 When the method shown is used, a voltage conversion ratio of 2:1 can be achieved. Here, the voltage V1 of the first capacitor and the voltage V2 of the second capacitor are the same as the output voltage Vo.

[0125] As mentioned above, due to Figure 3 The switched capacitor module 10 shown does not require high-voltage capacitors, so it can not only operate efficiently while reducing its size, but also operate with selectable voltage conversion of 4:1, 3:1 and 2:1 as needed.

[0126] According to the detailed description of this disclosure, when the external input voltage supplied to the switched capacitor converter unexpectedly rises due to various factors, it adaptively regulates the power transmitted to the output terminal of the switched capacitor converter by adjusting the on-state voltage of the upper switch constituting the switched capacitor converter, thereby preventing overvoltage or overcurrent from being applied to the battery connected to the output terminal of the switched capacitor converter.

[0127] Figure Labels

[0128] 10: Switched Capacitor Module

[0129] 20: Control voltage generator

[0130] 30: Upper switch on-resistance regulator

[0131] Iin: Input current

[0132] Iout: Output current

[0133] Vin: Input voltage

[0134] Vout: Output voltage

[0135] Vdrv: Drive voltage

[0136] Vc: Control voltage

[0137] Vreg: Regulated voltage

[0138] QIN: Input switch

[0139] QH: Upper switch

[0140] Vgs: Gate-source voltage

Claims

1. A switched-capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function, comprising: A switched capacitor module includes multiple switches and capacitors, and converts an input voltage into an output voltage based on a conversion ratio corresponding to the coupling structure of the multiple capacitors generated by switching the multiple switches. A control voltage generator generates a control voltage by comparing a feedback signal selected from the input current, output current, and output voltage of the switched capacitor module with a preset reference value; and The upper switch on-resistance regulator adjusts the drive voltage Vdrv used to drive the upper switch according to the control voltage Vc generated by the control voltage generator, thereby generating an adjusted voltage Vreg applied to the gate terminal of the upper switch. The adjusted voltage is then applied to the gate terminal of the upper switch to control the gate-source voltage of the upper switch, thereby adjusting the on-resistance of the upper switch. The power transmitted by the switched capacitor module is adjusted by adjusting the on-resistance of the upper switch.

2. The switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes an input switch disposed between the drain terminal of the upper switch constituting the switched capacitor module and the input terminal to which the input voltage is supplied.

3. The switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function according to claim 1, wherein, When the feedback signal rises above the reference value, the control voltage generator adjusts the regulated voltage applied to the gate terminal of the upper switch by reducing the control voltage, thereby increasing the on-resistance Ron of the upper switch to limit the output voltage and output current or input current of the switched capacitor module from rising above the set value.

4. The switched capacitor converter with power transfer regulation function according to claim 1, wherein, The switched-capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function is built into the power-consuming device.

5. The switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function according to claim 4, wherein, The switched capacitor converter with power transmission regulation function is positioned between an external power source including a charger and a battery built into the power-consuming device, thereby preventing overvoltage or overcurrent from being applied to the battery due to an increase in the voltage supplied by the external power source.

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