Nanosecond leading edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply

Abstract

The invention provides a nanosecond leading edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply. The nanosecond leading edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply comprises a power frequency boost rectification unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer and a secondary high-voltage unit which are connected in sequence, the input end of the power frequency boost rectification unit is connected with an external power supply, the output end of the power frequency boost rectification unit is connected with the input end of the primary discharge unit, and the primary discharge unit is used for receiving direct-current high voltage output by the power frequency boost rectification unit and storing energy; the output end of the primary discharge unit is connected with the input end of the pulse transformer, the output end of the pulse transformer is connected with the input end of the secondary high-voltage unit, and the pulse transformer is used for sensing and generating microsecond high-voltage pulses when the primary discharge unit discharges; and the secondary high-voltage unit receives and utilizes the microsecond high-voltage pulse to further generate a nanosecond high-voltage pulse, so that the nanosecond front-edge high-voltage trigger power supply which outputs high voltage, fast pulse front edge and repeatable frequency operation and outputs a convenient and adjustable polarity is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage pulse power, and more specifically to a nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of pulsed power technology, achieving higher output power has always been a crucial direction for its development. In recent years, with the continuous expansion of application areas, the development direction of pulsed power has become increasingly diversified, including repetitive frequency operation, higher output energy, and pulse waveforms with specific shapes. Regardless of the application scenario, to achieve certain application effects, it is generally required to output high-voltage pulses at specific times or according to a certain timing sequence. This necessitates precise control of the output timing of pulsed power devices, typically achieved through a trigger power supply. For example, in Marx-type capacitor energy storage pulsed power sources and pulse transformer-type devices, the trigger power supply is an indispensable core component. Its core function is to output high-voltage pulses at specific times, forcibly turn on the main switch, or precisely control the output timing, thereby ensuring the efficient operation and energy utilization efficiency of the entire device. The performance of the trigger power supply, especially the amplitude, leading-edge time, delay jitter, and reliability of its output pulse, are key parameters for evaluating the system performance of pulsed power devices.

[0003] Currently, the solution of directly boosting and rectifying voltage using a power frequency transformer, while having a relatively simple circuit, is limited by the transformer's leakage inductance, power capacity, and insulation design, making it difficult to directly obtain sub-microsecond or faster leading-edge pulses. Furthermore, it is bulky and heavy, resulting in poor portability. On the other hand, while Marx boost technology can generate nanosecond or even sub-nanosecond fast leading-edge pulses to meet the requirements, this approach requires independent control units, charging power supplies, pulse forming modules, and multi-stage switches. This leads to complex system composition, cumbersome control logic, insufficient application flexibility, and a large overall size and high cost, with equally unsatisfactory portability. Therefore, both the power frequency transformer solution and the Marx technology solution generally suffer from low system integration and numerous auxiliary devices.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies still need further development. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and provide a nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, according to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, comprising: It includes a power frequency boost rectifier unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer, and a secondary high voltage unit connected in sequence; The input terminal of the power frequency boost rectifier unit is connected to an external power source, and the output terminal of the power frequency boost rectifier unit is connected to the input terminal of the primary discharge unit. The primary discharge unit is used to receive the DC high voltage output by the power frequency boost rectifier unit and store energy. The output terminal of the primary discharge unit is connected to the input terminal of the pulse transformer, and the output terminal of the pulse transformer is connected to the input terminal of the secondary high voltage unit. The pulse transformer is used to induce and generate microsecond high voltage pulses when the primary discharge unit discharges. The secondary high voltage unit is used to receive and utilize the microsecond high voltage pulses to further generate nanosecond high voltage pulses.

[0007] Specifically, the power frequency boost rectifier unit includes a power frequency transformer and a rectifier filter circuit. The input terminal of the power frequency transformer is connected to an external power supply, the output terminal of the power frequency transformer is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier filter circuit, and the output terminal of the rectifier filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the primary discharge unit.

[0008] Specifically, the primary discharge unit includes an energy storage capacitor, a charging inductor, and a high-current switch. The rectifier and filter circuit includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. The positive output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the charging inductor. The output terminal of the charging inductor is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor and the anode of the high-current switch. The negative output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch.

[0009] Specifically, the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor and the cathode of the high-current switch are connected to the input terminal of the pulse transformer. When the high-current switch is turned on, the energy storage capacitor forms a discharge circuit through the high-current switch and the primary coil of the pulse transformer.

[0010] Specifically, the primary discharge unit further includes a start signal unit, which is used to receive an external start signal and trigger the high-current switch to turn on.

[0011] Specifically, the primary coil of the pulse transformer includes a low-voltage terminal and a high-voltage terminal. The low-voltage terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor, and the high-voltage terminal is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch and the negative output terminal of the rectifier filter circuit. The output terminal of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer is connected to the secondary high-voltage unit.

[0012] Specifically, the secondary high-voltage unit includes a first pulse capacitor, a second pulse capacitor, and a gas switch; One electrode of the first pulse capacitor and one electrode of the second pulse capacitor are respectively connected to one output terminal of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer, and simultaneously connected to one electrode of the gas switch. The other electrode of the first pulse capacitor and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor serve as the output terminals of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0013] Specifically, when the primary coil of the pulse transformer discharges, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer induces a microsecond high-voltage pulse to charge the first pulse capacitor and the second pulse capacitor.

[0014] Specifically, when the voltage difference between the first pulse capacitor and the second pulse capacitor reaches the breakdown voltage, they are turned on, causing the first pulse capacitor and the second pulse capacitor to discharge in series, generating nanosecond high-voltage pulses at the output terminals of the first pulse capacitor and the second pulse capacitor.

[0015] Specifically, the secondary high-voltage unit also includes an output protection module connected between the other electrode of the first pulse capacitor and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor, for protecting the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0016] Beneficial effects: This invention provides a nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, comprising a power frequency boost rectifier unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer, and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence. It solves the technical problems of low system integration and numerous auxiliary devices in existing technologies, achieving a high-voltage trigger power supply with high output voltage, low pulse leading edge, repetitive frequency operation, and conveniently adjustable output polarity. Furthermore, based on an integrated modular and simple circuit design, this invention also possesses excellent performance in terms of compact size and high reliability, greatly improving its usability and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composition of the nanosecond leading edge high-voltage pulse triggering power supply provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the nanosecond leading edge high voltage pulse triggering power supply provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of the start signal unit provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the output protection circuit provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a curve showing the change of output voltage with switch charging pressure provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a typical output waveform diagram provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7This is an output waveform diagram with a repetition frequency of 20Hz after changing the polarity, provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows: T2, pulse transformer; T1, power frequency transformer; Cp, energy storage capacitor; Lp, charging inductor; Sp, high current switch; C1, first pulse capacitor; C2, second pulse capacitor; Sw, gas switch; T11, first pulse transformer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative effort should all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up," "down," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings; therefore, the directional terms used are for illustrative purposes and not for limiting the invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the trigger power supply is an indispensable and important component of pulse power devices. Since it has multiple functions such as forced switching and control of output timing, the performance of the trigger power supply is also an important parameter for evaluating the system performance of pulse power devices. Therefore, designing and developing a nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply that is integrated, simple in structure and low in cost is of great significance for pulse power devices, especially Marx-type pulse power devices.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 This embodiment provides a nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, including a power frequency boost rectifier unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer, and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence. The input terminal of the power frequency boost rectifier unit is connected to an external power supply, and the output terminal of the power frequency boost rectifier unit is connected to the input terminal of the primary discharge unit. The primary discharge unit is used to receive the DC high voltage output by the power frequency boost rectifier unit and store energy. The output terminal of the primary discharge unit is connected to the input terminal of the pulse transformer T2, and the output terminal of the pulse transformer is connected to the input terminal of the secondary high-voltage unit. The pulse transformer T2 is used to induce and generate a microsecond high-voltage pulse when the primary discharge unit discharges. The secondary high-voltage unit is used to receive and utilize the high-voltage pulse to further generate a nanosecond high-voltage pulse.

[0022] It is understood that, through the above technical solution, the present invention provides an integrated high-voltage pulse trigger power supply capable of generating tens of kilovolt nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulses and having repetitive working capability. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply of the present invention can be applied to pulse power devices, flash photography, high-power microwaves, plasma discharge, materials research and other fields.

[0023] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the power frequency boost rectifier unit includes a power frequency transformer T1 and a rectifier filter circuit. The input terminal of the power frequency transformer T1 is connected to an external power supply, the output terminal of the power frequency transformer T1 is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier filter circuit, and the output terminal of the rectifier filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the primary discharge unit.

[0024] It should be noted that the external power supply in this embodiment is AC220V. The external AC220V power supply is connected to the socket reserved in this embodiment and enters the input terminal of the power frequency transformer T1 of the power frequency boost rectifier unit. After being boosted by the power frequency transformer T1, it is connected to the rectifier and filter circuit for rectification and filtering. This method of directly boosting the mains power by using the power frequency transformer and then rectifying and filtering can directly obtain the required kV level pulsating DC high voltage. The circuit design is simple and highly reliable. It can work stably by relying only on the AC220V mains power input and ordinary pulse optical signal. It has few control interfaces, simple logic, and high reliability. When the high voltage pulse trigger power supply in this embodiment is used as the trigger source of the Marx type pulse power source, the natural capacitor voltage division design of its high voltage end can avoid interference or even damage to the internal circuit components of the power supply under the impact of high voltage pulse spikes / reverse peaks, further improving the safety and stability of this embodiment.

[0025] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the primary discharge unit includes an energy storage capacitor Cp, a charging inductor Lp, and a high-current switch Sp. The rectifier and filter circuit includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. The positive output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the charging inductor Lp. The output terminal of the charging inductor Lp is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp and the anode of the high-current switch Sp. The negative output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch Sp.

[0026] Based on the above circuit connection method, this embodiment effectively suppresses the rectified output surge current through a specially designed high-voltage charging inductor Lp, while reliably isolating the pulse spikes generated when the primary discharge unit switches, ensuring the safety of the front-end circuit and improving the system's reliability and shock resistance.

[0027] Specifically, the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp and the cathode of the high-current switch Sp are connected to the input terminal of the pulse transformer T2. When the high-current switch Sp is turned on, the energy storage capacitor Cp forms a discharge circuit through the high-current switch Sp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2. The structural and layout design allows for a compact connection circuit, effectively reducing discharge losses and circuit inductance, which is beneficial for improving energy transfer efficiency.

[0028] Preferably, in this embodiment, the anode of the high-current switch Sp is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp. The high-current switch Sp is a high-power switch of megawatts or above, such as a thyristor, which can withstand transient current impacts of tens of kiloamperes. Its microsecond-level turn-on response characteristics can provide low-loss, long-life on / off control capabilities for the core discharge circuit, providing core protection for repetitive frequency operation.

[0029] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the primary discharge unit further includes a start signal unit, which is used to receive an external start signal and trigger the high current switch Sp to turn on.

[0030] Furthermore, in some specific embodiments, Figure 3 As shown Figure 2 The circuit diagram of the start signal unit shows its operation process as follows: the AC power supply signal is rectified by a bridge rectifier to charge capacitor C11, and then obtains a stable amplitude DC voltage through a three-terminal linear regulator U11, which is provided to the subsequent circuits; U12 is an optocoupler port that receives an external ordinary start optical signal and converts it into an electrical pulse signal, which drives the high-power switch Q12 to turn on after passing through the switch Q11; capacitor C16 discharges through the loop formed by the high-power switch Q12 and the primary coil of the first pulse transformer T11, and obtains an electrical pulse signal with a certain amplitude at both ends of the secondary coil of the first pulse transformer T11, which is used as the trigger pulse signal for the high-current switch Sp; this start signal unit circuit achieves reliable isolation between the high-power discharge circuit and the previous trigger circuit by introducing a pulse transformer, so that the previous trigger circuit is not easily affected; through multi-stage switching technology, the signal is amplified step by step, and multi-stage isolation is also achieved, so that the circuit has excellent electromagnetic compatibility, and because the circuit adopts cascade amplification technology, the requirements for the input pulse optical signal are low.

[0031] See Figure 2In this embodiment, the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2 includes a low-voltage terminal and a high-voltage terminal. The low-voltage terminal is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch Sp and the negative output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, while the high-voltage terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor Cp. The output terminal of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 is connected to the secondary high-voltage unit. This connection method constructs a compact discharge path without redundant nodes by connecting the negative output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit, the cathode of the high-current switch Sp, and the low-voltage terminal of the primary coil of the transformer to a single point. Simultaneously, the topology of directly connecting the high-voltage terminal of the primary coil to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor makes the pulse transformer the core energy conversion carrier of the discharge circuit, further ensuring the efficient transfer of pulse energy to the secondary high-voltage unit.

[0032] Preferably, the pulse transformer T2 in this embodiment is a high-ratio pulse transformer, i.e., the ratio of primary coil N1 to secondary coil N2 ≤ 1 / 20. This significantly increases the output voltage, enabling the secondary coil to generate tens of kilovolt high-voltage pulses within microseconds. Simultaneously, the compact magnetic core structure and low leakage inductance effectively suppress energy loss, improving energy conversion efficiency and voltage rise rate. Furthermore, the high-voltage and low-voltage connection points of the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2 are led out to the outside of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply housing, forming a terminal for adjusting the output pulse polarity, making the output polarity of the trigger power supply portable and adjustable.

[0033] See Figure 2 In this embodiment, the secondary high-voltage unit includes a first pulse capacitor C1, a second pulse capacitor C2, and a gas switch Sw; One electrode of the first pulse capacitor C1 and one electrode of the second pulse capacitor C2 are respectively connected to one output terminal of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2, and are also respectively connected to one electrode of the gas switch Sw. The other electrode of the first pulse capacitor C1 and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor C2 serve as the output terminals of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0034] Specifically, when the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2 discharges, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 induces a microsecond-level high-voltage pulse, charging the first pulse capacitor C1 and the second pulse capacitor C2. When the voltage difference between the first pulse capacitor C1 and the second pulse capacitor C2 reaches the breakdown voltage, the gas switch Sw quickly turns on, causing the first pulse capacitor C1 and the second pulse capacitor C2 to discharge in series, generating a higher voltage and faster-leading high-voltage trigger pulse at the high-voltage end of the first pulse capacitor C1. The microsecond-level high-voltage pulse ensures that the gas switch conducts stably and reliably at a specific moment. Its conduction moment depends only on the insulating gas pressure inside the switch, and it can simultaneously achieve a steep leading edge of the output pulse and controllable output delay, providing core support for the precise triggering of the gas switch.

[0035] It is understood that this embodiment achieves the multiplication effect of output voltage and precise synchronous conduction by using a topology structure of parallel charging and series discharging of dual capacitors (C1, C2) combined with the self-triggering characteristics of the gas switch Sw. At the same time, the integrated design of the capacitor electrodes directly serving as the output terminal greatly simplifies the high-voltage pulse generation path and significantly improves the steepness of the pulse leading edge and system reliability.

[0036] Preferably, the gas switch Sw in this embodiment requires at least two electrodes, and the gas switch Sw is filled with insulating gas. The output voltage of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply is adjusted by adjusting the gas filling pressure inside the gas switch Sw, so that the output pulse amplitude of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in this embodiment is adjustable, that is, it can be quasi-linearly adjusted by the gas filling pressure inside the gas switch Sw.

[0037] It should be noted here that the working process of the nanosecond leading edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in this embodiment includes: like Figure 2 As shown, the external AC220V power supply enters the input terminal of the power frequency transformer T1 of the power frequency boost rectifier unit. After being boosted by T1, it is connected to the rectifier and filter circuit for rectification and filtering to obtain a pulsating DC high voltage with an amplitude of about kV. This high voltage continuously charges the energy storage capacitor Cp through the circuit formed by the charging inductor Lp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2. When the high current switch Sp receives an external trigger signal, it turns on. The energy storage capacitor Cp discharges through the discharge circuit formed by the high current switch Sp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2. At the same time, a high voltage of opposite polarity is generated on the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2, which charges the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 respectively. As the voltage difference between the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 continues to increase, this voltage difference is also applied to the two ends of the gas switch Sw, eventually causing the gas switch Sw to break down and close rapidly. The pulse capacitors C1 and C2 form a series discharge, thereby obtaining a higher and faster high voltage pulse Vout, which is about twice the charging voltage.

[0038] It is understandable that by adopting the above technical solution, namely by using pulse transformer T2, specific switch electrode design and nanosecond charging technology, and based on the research of controllable insulating gas composition ratio, it is possible to achieve stable opening of gas switch at a specific voltage by simply changing the internal insulating gas pressure of gas switch Sw, with conduction delay jitter on the order of tens of nanoseconds. This technical route achieves integrated modular design while using Marx technology to generate nanosecond fast leading-edge high voltage pulses.

[0039] Furthermore, the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in this embodiment has only one external start signal, one AC220V input, and one high-voltage output as its external power interface. The interface relationship and structural design are simple and highly reliable. The one external start signal is converted by photoelectric conversion and used as the trigger signal for the high-current switch Sp of the primary discharge unit. After receiving the signal, the high-current switch Sp closes, and the energy storage capacitor Cp forms a discharge circuit through the high-current switch Sp and the primary coil of the pulse transformer T2. At the same time, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer T2 outputs a high voltage of opposite polarity, which charges the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 respectively. When the charging voltage reaches the breakdown voltage (determined by the internal gas pressure of the gas switch Sw and the discharge gap), the gas switch Sw closes, and the pulse capacitors C1 and C2 form a series discharge, obtaining a nanosecond-level high-voltage pulse with an amplitude of about twice the charging voltage at the output terminal. By integrating the low-voltage and high-voltage modules, a compact integrated design of the trigger power supply is achieved, and its output polarity and output pulse amplitude are easily adjustable.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, based on the stability study of the self-breakdown voltage of the gas switch caused by factors such as the discharge electrode, gap, insulating gas composition, and ratio, a near-linear proportional growth relationship between the output voltage and the switch operating gas pressure was achieved, such as... Figure 5 As shown. Under a fixed gas pressure, the self-breakdown voltage dispersion of the switch is less than 5%, while the amplitude of the output high-voltage pulse is adjustable and the output is stable, and the conduction delay jitter is as low as tens of nanoseconds. Due to the compact discharge circuit, the leading edge of the output pulse can be as low as tens of nanoseconds.

[0041] In summary, due to the adoption of the above-mentioned technical solution in this embodiment, the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply of the present invention achieves an integrated and modular design with a compact and reasonable layout. It requires no other auxiliary equipment. In addition to one power supply input port and one high-voltage output port, it only reserves one start signal access port and one gas filling port. The fewer ports greatly simplify the control logic. It can work stably and reliably with only one ordinary pulse optical signal. Moreover, the introduction of the optical start signal significantly improves the anti-interference capability. Furthermore, the polarity of the output pulse is conveniently adjustable, the pulse amplitude can reach 60kV or even higher, and the pulse leading edge is as low as 30ns.

[0042] See Figure 2In this embodiment, the secondary high-voltage unit further includes an output protection module connected between the other electrode of the first pulse capacitor C1 and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor C2, for protecting the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The diagram shows an equivalent output protection circuit. Resistor R21 and inductor L21 together form the equivalent output load and are connected across the output circuit. The main function of inductor L21 is to balance charging when the charging time is short (less than 100 microseconds); it can be disregarded when the charging time is long. Resistor R22 is connected in series in the output circuit for current limiting and pulse isolation. Diode D21 and resistor R23 are connected in series and grounded to form a reverse peak absorption circuit. Its main function is to absorb the high-voltage spike pulses generated by the discharge of the subsequent high-voltage circuit, preventing damage to the low-voltage circuit. Diode D22, connected in series in the output circuit, prevents the same-polarity high-voltage pulses generated by the discharge of the subsequent high-voltage circuit from impacting the trigger circuit, further providing isolation and protection. The directions of diodes D21 and D22 can be adjusted according to the output polarity.

[0044] It needs to be further explained that, Figure 4 The protection circuit shown is only a preferred typical example. The components in this circuit can be combined in various ways, or simplified or even removed entirely depending on the actual use scenario. It will not have a substantial impact on the output characteristics of the trigger source. Without deviating from the design principles, the above functions can be achieved through circuit equivalence or by adding other components such as inductors, capacitors or resistors without changing the basic circuit principle. This invention does not impose further restrictions on the design circuit of this output protection module.

[0045] See Figure 5 , Figure 5 The graph shows the output voltage of the high-voltage pulse-triggered power supply as a function of the switch charging pressure in this embodiment. The horizontal axis represents the switch charging pressure in atm, and the vertical axis represents the peak output voltage in kV. The black squares in the graph represent experimental data, and the black straight lines represent the linear curve fitted based on the experimental points (black squares), i.e., the fitting result. This curve exhibits a quasi-linear relationship.

[0046] See Figure 6 , Figure 6The figure shows the actual output waveform of the nanosecond leading edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in this embodiment. The horizontal axis represents time in microseconds (µs), and the vertical axis represents the peak output voltage in kV. The black line in the figure represents the actual output waveform, which has a negative polarity. When the switch charging pressure is about 1.2 atm, the peak value of the trigger source output pulse is greater than 60 kV, and the output leading edge is about 28 ns.

[0047] This embodiment will be as follows: Figure 2 The primary coil connection point of the pulse transformer T2 shown ( Figure 2 The positions shown in ① and ② are set on the reserved terminals outside the trigger power supply. When it is necessary to change the output polarity of the trigger power supply shown in this embodiment, the output polarity can be changed simply by swapping the positions of the two primary coil wires on the terminals located outside the trigger source housing. Figure 7 The image shows the output waveform of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply in this embodiment after changing the output polarity and operating at 20Hz for 5 seconds. It can be seen that the consistency of the 100 output pulse waveforms is good, and the output stability is high. It should be noted that if, in practical applications, there are... Figure 4 In the protection circuit shown, diodes D21 and D22 should be designed and installed in a way that allows for easy reversal when their polarity is reversed.

[0048] It should be noted that this embodiment provides a nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, comprising a power frequency boost rectifier unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer, and a secondary high-voltage unit connected in sequence. This solves the technical problems of low system integration and numerous auxiliary devices in existing technologies, achieving a high-voltage trigger power supply with high output voltage, low pulse leading edge, repetitive frequency operation, and conveniently adjustable output polarity. Furthermore, based on an integrated modular and simple circuit design, this invention also possesses excellent performance in terms of compact size and high operational reliability, realizing an integrated and miniaturized design of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply. This significantly improves the usability and reliability of the invention, making it highly portable.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0050] The technical features described above can be combined arbitrarily. Although not all possible combinations of these technical features are described, any combination of these technical features should be considered to be covered by this specification, provided that such combination does not contain contradictions.

[0051] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply, characterized in that, It includes a power frequency boost rectifier unit, a primary discharge unit, a pulse transformer (T2), and a secondary high voltage unit connected in sequence; The input terminal of the power frequency boost rectifier unit is connected to an external power source, and the output terminal of the power frequency boost rectifier unit is connected to the input terminal of the primary discharge unit. The primary discharge unit is used to receive the DC high voltage output by the power frequency boost rectifier unit and store energy. The output terminal of the primary discharge unit is connected to the input terminal of the pulse transformer (T2), and the output terminal of the pulse transformer (T2) is connected to the input terminal of the secondary high voltage unit. The pulse transformer (T2) is used to induce and generate microsecond high voltage pulses when the primary discharge unit discharges. The secondary high voltage unit is used to receive and utilize the microsecond high voltage pulses to further generate nanosecond high voltage pulses.

2. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power frequency boost rectifier unit includes a power frequency transformer (T1) and a rectifier filter circuit. The input terminal of the power frequency transformer (T1) is connected to an external power supply, the output terminal of the power frequency transformer (T1) is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier filter circuit, and the output terminal of the rectifier filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the primary discharge unit.

3. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that, The primary discharge unit includes an energy storage capacitor (Cp), a charging inductor (Lp), and a high-current switch (Sp). The rectifier and filter circuit includes a positive output terminal and a negative output terminal. The positive output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the input terminal of the charging inductor (Lp). The output terminal of the charging inductor (Lp) is connected to the positive electrode of the energy storage capacitor (Cp) and the anode of the high-current switch (Sp). The negative output terminal of the rectifier and filter circuit is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch (Sp).

4. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, The negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor (Cp) and the cathode of the high-current switch (Sp) are connected to the input terminal of the pulse transformer (T2). When the high-current switch (Sp) is turned on, the energy storage capacitor (Cp) forms a discharge circuit through the high-current switch (Sp) and the primary coil of the pulse transformer (T2).

5. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, The primary discharge unit also includes a start signal unit for receiving an external start signal and triggering the high-current switch (Sp) to turn on.

6. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 3, characterized in that, The primary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) includes a low-voltage terminal and a high-voltage terminal. The low-voltage terminal is connected to the cathode of the high-current switch (Sp) and the negative output terminal of the rectifier filter circuit. The high-voltage terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the energy storage capacitor (Cp). The output terminal of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) is connected to the secondary high-voltage unit.

7. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 6, characterized in that, The secondary high-voltage unit includes a first pulse capacitor (C1), a second pulse capacitor (C2), and a gas switch (Sw). One electrode of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and one electrode of the second pulse capacitor (C2) are respectively connected to one output terminal of the secondary coil of the pulse transformer (T2), and are also respectively connected to one electrode of the gas switch (Sw); The other electrode of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor (C2) serve as the output terminals of the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

8. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the primary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) discharges, the secondary coil of the pulse transformer (T2) generates a microsecond high voltage pulse, which charges the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the second pulse capacitor (C2).

9. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the voltage difference between the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the second pulse capacitor (C2) reaches the breakdown voltage, they are turned on, causing the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the second pulse capacitor (C2) to discharge in series, generating nanosecond high-voltage pulses at the output terminals of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the second pulse capacitor (C2).

10. The nanosecond leading-edge high-voltage pulse trigger power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that, The secondary high-voltage unit also includes an output protection module connected between the other electrode of the first pulse capacitor (C1) and the other electrode of the second pulse capacitor (C2) to protect the high-voltage pulse trigger power supply.

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