Adaptive sound adjustment method and adjustment system for dual-mode earphone

Abstract

An adaptive sound adjustment method and system for a dual-mode earphone, the method comprising detecting deformation to obtain an original deformation signal, filtering and amplifying the original deformation signal to obtain a pre-processed deformation signal, calculating an average deformation rate and stability of the pre-processed deformation signal, if the average deformation rate is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and is stable for a first time duration, predicting that the earphone enters an in-ear mode, starting to detect an instantaneous slope K of air pressure data, comparing the instantaneous slope K with n times a maximum slope Kmax, 0.6≤n≤1, when K≥nKmax and a stable air pressure value P1 is greater than m times an ambient atmospheric pressure P2, m>1, confirming that the earphone enters the in-ear mode, and calling in-ear sound parameters, and when K≤n(‑Kmax) and the stable air pressure value P1 is equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, calling flat-head sound parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of headphone technology, and in particular to an adaptive sound effect adjustment method and system for dual-mode headphones. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication, wireless headphones have become increasingly common. Among them, earbuds, also known as flat-head earbuds, mostly use dynamic drivers. The earbuds are placed in the outer ear canal to produce sound, resulting in poorer sealing and noise isolation, but they offer better wearing comfort and are suitable for use in quiet environments. In noisy environments, in-ear headphones, due to their low sound leakage and excellent noise isolation, allow for listening to music at lower volumes and reproduce musical details well, especially demonstrating impressive bass quantity and quality. However, because of their structure extending into the inner ear canal, they are less comfortable to wear, prone to the stethoscope effect, and can cause excessive damage to the ears, resulting in poor overall performance.

[0003] To enable headphones to function as both earbuds and in-ear headphones, existing headphones include an earbud, ear tips, and a detection module. The earbud and ear tips are detachably connected. The detection module includes a first detection unit and a second detection unit. The first detection unit is connected to the earbud, and the second detection unit is connected to the ear tip. When the ear tip is on the earbud, the first and second detection units overlap, and the magnetic field strength or light intensity between them changes. The current mode of the headphones is determined based on the change in magnetic field or light intensity. For example, if the magnetic field strength increases or the light intensity decreases when the first and second detection units overlap, the headphones are determined to be in in-ear mode. At this time, the headphones adjust the sound signal to match the current mode based on the determination result. When the ear tip is removed from the earbud, the first and second detection units separate, and the magnetic field strength decreases or the light intensity increases. At this time, the headphones are determined to be in earbud mode, and the headphones adjust the sound signal to match the current mode based on the determination result.

[0004] Because existing headphones have a separate design for the earbud head and ear tips, disassembly and assembly are cumbersome, and both parts are easily lost, leading to financial losses for users and a poor user experience. Furthermore, relying on magnetic field strength or light intensity as the signal for determining the headphone mode makes the detection module particularly susceptible to external environmental influences. For example, when a mobile phone or other magnetic object approaches the headphones, the detection module detects a change in magnetic field strength or light intensity. The headphones then adjust the sound signal based on this incorrect detection, resulting in a mismatch between the current headphone mode and the actual sound quality played, leading to a poor user experience. In addition, the signals detected by the existing headphone detection module are not further processed, resulting in inaccurate data and a tendency to misjudge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones, which can ensure that the current mode of the headphones matches the current sound effect, and completely eliminate the problem of mismatch between the current mode and the current sound effect caused by accidental operation or touch.

[0006] An adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones, the method being used to adjust the sound effect of the headphones, the headphones including flexible earbuds, the flexible earbuds being deformable to allow the headphones to switch between in-ear mode and earbud mode; the method comprising:

[0007] The deformation of the flexible earplug is detected, and the original deformation signal is obtained;

[0008] The original deformation signal is filtered and amplified to obtain a preprocessed deformation signal;

[0009] Calculate the average deformation rate and stability of the preprocessed deformation signal;

[0010] If the average deformation rate is greater than or equal to the first threshold and remains stable for a first duration, it is predicted that the earphone will enter the in-ear mode, and the instantaneous slope K of the current air pressure data will be detected in real time. The instantaneous slope K will be compared with the size of n times the maximum slope Kmax, where 0.6≤n≤1.

[0011] When K≥nKmax, and the stable air pressure value P1 is greater than m times the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, m>1, the headphones are confirmed to enter the in-ear mode, and the in-ear sound effect parameters are called.

[0012] When K≤n(-Kmax) and the stabilized air pressure value P1 is equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, call the flat-head sound effect parameters;

[0013] After switching sound effects, the current impedance of the headphones is detected, and the deviation value from the typical impedance in the current mode is calculated.

[0014] The frequency response curve is dynamically adjusted based on the deviation value.

[0015] The driver causes the headphones to vibrate, indicating that the sound effect switching is complete.

[0016] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0017] If the average deformation rate is less than or equal to the second threshold and remains stable for a first duration, then the headphones are determined to have entered the flat-head mode.

[0018] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0019] When K≥nKmax and P1<mP2, it is determined that the headphones are not being worn effectively, and the current sound effect is maintained;

[0020] When K≤n(-Kmax) and P1>P2, it is determined that the flexible earplug has not been completely pulled out of the ear canal, and the current sound effect is maintained.

[0021] Optionally, the method for determining the maximum slope Kmax includes:

[0022] When a complete in-ear wearing action is performed, the maximum slope of the pressure change is obtained based on the air pressure data after the earphone is inserted into the ear.

[0023] Calculate the average of the maximum slope during multiple in-ear wearing sessions, store the average value, and determine the average value as the maximum slope Kmax.

[0024] Optionally, the method includes:

[0025] The frequency sweep step size is controlled to be 0.5kHz to 1.5kHz;

[0026] Control the detection accuracy to ±1Ω;

[0027] The impedance value is checked every 1 to 5 seconds; if the impedance deviation exceeds 3% to 8%, frequency response compensation is performed again.

[0028] If the shape of the flexible earplug changes again, the shape detection and sound effect parameter calling process is repeated.

[0029] Optionally, the method utilizes a sensor array embedded in the flexible earplug to detect deformation signals.

[0030] Optionally, the flexible earplug includes a support portion, an extension portion, and an arc-shaped portion, wherein the arc-shaped portion is connected between the support portion and the extension portion;

[0031] The extension is pressed into the support, and the earphone switches from the in-ear mode to the flat-head mode.

[0032] The extension is removed from the support, and the earphone switches from the flat-head mode to the in-ear mode.

[0033] The sensor array includes at least two first sensors, at least two second sensors, and at least one third sensor. Each first sensor is disposed at the top end and / or side wall of the extension, each second sensor is disposed at the arcuate portion, and the third sensor is disposed at the support portion.

[0034] The radial extrusion deformation signal of the extension is detected using each of the first sensors;

[0035] The axial tensile deformation signal of the arc-shaped portion is detected using each of the second sensors;

[0036] The deformation signal detected by the third sensor is used to assist in verifying the deformation stability.

[0037] Optionally, the method uses a filter to filter the original deformation signal. The filter is a 5th-order Butterworth low-pass filter, and its transfer function is decomposed as follows:

[0038]

[0039] The cutoff frequency is designed to be 5–15 Hz;

[0040] Where H(s) is the overall transfer function, H2(s) is the second-order low-pass transfer function, and H3(s) is the third-order low-pass transfer function; is the cutoff frequency; s is the frequency change.

[0041] Optionally, filtering and amplifying the original deformation signal includes:

[0042] After filtering the original deformation signal, the filtered deformation signal is amplified by 20 times and converted into a standard voltage signal of 0 to 3.3V.

[0043] Optionally, the method for dynamically adjusting the frequency response curve based on the deviation value includes:

[0044] For every 0.5 to 1.5 Ω increase in the deviation value, the corresponding frequency band gain increases by 0.05 to 0.3 dB;

[0045] For every 0.5 to 1.5 Ω decrease in the deviation value, the corresponding frequency band gain decreases by 0.05 to 0.3 dB.

[0046] Optionally, the control method of the driver includes:

[0047] The vibration duration of the driver is controlled to be 0.2 to 1 second;

[0048] The vibration frequency of the driver is controlled to be 150-300Hz.

[0049] Optionally, the in-ear sound effect parameters or the flat-head sound effect parameters are fine-tuned in y steps within x seconds, where x is less than or equal to 3 and y is greater than or equal to 5;

[0050] The adjustment step for the sound effect parameters is 0.3 to 0.8 seconds per adjustment.

[0051] This application also relates to an adaptive sound effect adjustment system for dual-mode headphones, the system being used to perform the aforementioned adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones.

[0052] The adaptive sound effect adjustment method of the dual-mode headphones of this invention predicts whether the headphones will enter in-ear mode by calculating deformation data and accurately determines whether the headphones will enter in-ear mode by combining the calculated air pressure data. At this time, the in-ear sound effect parameters can be accurately called to ensure that the current mode of the headphones matches the current sound effect. This completely eliminates the problem of mismatch between the current mode and the current sound effect caused by accidental operation or touch. It can realize automatic, accurate and coordinated switching between the physical form of the headphones and the sound effect mode, and can provide users with a more suitable auditory experience for the current usage mode. For example, when switching to in-ear mode in a noisy environment, the in-ear sound effect can enhance the low frequency effect and better isolate external noise, allowing users to be immersed in the music. When switching to earbud mode in scenarios where sound isolation requirements are not high, the earbud sound effect can provide a more natural sound effect, while avoiding the discomfort of wearing in-ear headphones for a long time. The sound effect switching does not require manual operation, improving the convenience of headphone use and the intelligence of the headphones. Moreover, this application uses the driver to generate vibration to realize tactile feedback to complete the user mode switching, realizing a smooth transition between tactile feedback and sound effect. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the adaptive sound effect adjustment method for the dual-mode headphones described in this application.

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the earphone in in-ear mode according to this application.

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the headphone in the flat-head mode of this application.

[0056] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the earphone in this application.

[0057] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the flexible earplug of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this application from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0059] In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that other embodiments may also be used, and changes in mechanical composition, structure, electrical and operational aspects may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. The following detailed description should not be considered limiting, and the terminology used herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present application.

[0060] Although the terms first, second, etc., are used in some instances to describe various elements herein, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0061] Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” indicate the presence of a feature, step, operation, element, component, item, kind, and / or group, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms “or” and “and / or” as used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination thereof. Thus, “A, B, or C” or “A, B, and / or C” means “any one of: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B, and C.” Exceptions to this definition arise only when combinations of elements, functions, steps, or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the adaptive sound effect adjustment method for the dual-mode headphones described in this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the earphone in in-ear mode according to this application. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the earphone in the flat-head mode of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the adaptive sound effect adjustment method for the dual-mode headphones is used to adjust the sound effect of the headphones. The headphones include a flexible earbud 12, which can switch between in-ear mode and earbud mode by deformation. The method includes:

[0063] The deformation of the flexible earplug 12 is detected, and the original deformation signal is obtained;

[0064] The original deformation signal is filtered and amplified to obtain the preprocessed deformation signal.

[0065] Calculate the average deformation rate and stability of the preprocessed deformation signal; specifically, output the deformation signal (unit: mm) every 10ms and record the deformation duration (accuracy 0.1s), and calculate the average deformation rate and stability of the deformation signal;

[0066] If the average deformation rate is greater than or equal to the first threshold and remains stable for a first duration, it is predicted that the earphone will enter the in-ear mode. The instantaneous slope K (pressure change rate, Pa (Pa) / s (second)) of the current air pressure data will be detected in real time. The instantaneous slope K will be compared with the size of n times the maximum slope Kmax, where 0.6≤n≤1. Specifically, the first threshold is, for example, 8% of the overall deformation rate, and the first duration is, for example, 0.5s. When the average deformation rate is greater than or equal to 8% and remains stable for more than 0.5s.

[0067] When K ≥ nKmax, and the stabilized air pressure P1 is greater than m times the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, m > 1, the headphones are confirmed to enter in-ear mode, and in-ear sound effect parameters are called; specifically, n is, for example, 0.65, 0.75, 0.8, 0.85, 0.9, 0.95; m is, for example, 1.2, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0;

[0068] When K≤n(-Kmax) and the stabilized air pressure value P1 is equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, call the flat-head sound effect parameters;

[0069] After switching sound effects, the current impedance of the headphones is detected, and the deviation value from the typical impedance in the current mode is calculated. Specifically, the headphones have a first typical impedance in in-ear mode, for example, 32Ω±5%; the headphones have a second typical impedance in earbud mode, for example, 24Ω±5%. While calling the corresponding sound effect parameters, a 20-40kHz frequency sweep is started to detect the current headphone impedance and compare it with the typical impedance (first typical impedance or second typical impedance) in this mode to calculate the impedance deviation value (ΔZ).

[0070] The frequency response curve is dynamically adjusted based on the deviation value. Specifically, the frequency response is dynamically compensated by ±2dB based on the deviation value. In the in-ear mode, the low frequency (20-200Hz) is compensated in the earphone mode, and the high frequency (2-20kHz) is compensated in the earphone mode. The compensation response time is less than 1s.

[0071] The driver causes the headphones to vibrate, indicating that the sound effect switch is complete.

[0072] The adaptive sound effect adjustment method of this application for dual-mode headphones predicts when the headphones will enter in-ear mode by calculating deformation data. Combined with calculated air pressure data, it accurately determines when the headphones are in in-ear mode. At this point, it can accurately call up in-ear sound effect parameters, ensuring that the current mode of the headphones matches the current sound effect. This completely eliminates the problem of mismatch between the current mode and sound effect caused by accidental operation or touch. It enables automatic, precise, and coordinated switching between the physical form of the headphones and the sound effect mode, providing users with a more suitable auditory experience for the current usage mode. For example, when switching to in-ear mode in a noisy environment, the in-ear sound effect can enhance the low-frequency effect and better isolate external noise, allowing for immersion in the music. When switching to earbud mode in scenarios where sound isolation is not critical, the earbud sound effect provides a more natural sound effect while avoiding the discomfort of wearing in-ear headphones for extended periods. Sound effect switching requires no manual operation, improving the convenience and intelligence of the headphones. Furthermore, this application utilizes a driver to generate vibration to achieve tactile feedback upon completion of the user mode switching, realizing a smooth transition between tactile feedback and sound effect.

[0073] Optionally, when the average deformation rate of the flexible earplug 12 is greater than or equal to the first threshold and remains stable for a first duration, it is pre-determined that the earphone has entered the in-ear mode. At this time, the microcontroller unit (MCU) of the earphone is awakened and immediately controls the air pressure sensor to detect the instantaneous slope K of the current air pressure data. When K≥nKmax, the flexible earplug 12 is gradually inserted into the ear canal. At this time, the ear canal forms a sealed space and the air pressure is rising rapidly until the stable air pressure value P1 is greater than m times the ambient atmospheric pressure P2. At this time, it can be confirmed that the earphone has entered the in-ear mode, and the in-ear sound effect parameters are called.

[0074] Optionally, when K≤n(-Kmax), the flexible earplug 12 is gradually moved out of the ear canal. At this time, the sealed environment is destroyed and the air pressure is rapidly decreasing until the stable air pressure value P1 is equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure P2. At this time, the flat-head sound effect parameters are called.

[0075] Optionally, if the instantaneous slope K does not meet the above conditions, the deformation is determined to be an interference (such as an unintentional touch by the user), and the current sound effect mode is maintained.

[0076] Optionally, if the average deformation rate is less than or equal to a second threshold and remains stable for a first duration, the headphones are determined to have entered the earbud mode. Specifically, the second threshold is, for example, -8% of the overall deformation rate, and the first duration is, for example, 0.5 seconds. When the average deformation rate is less than or equal to -8% and remains stable for more than 0.5 seconds, the headphones are determined to have entered the earbud mode. When the average value is between -8% and 8% or is unstable (standard deviation greater than or equal to 3%), the current mode is maintained, and the headphone is re-detected every 0.2 seconds. Since the headphones cannot be inserted into the ear canal in earbud mode and cannot form a sealed space, the detected air pressure value P1 is equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure P2. At this time, the headphones maintain the current sound effect, that is, the headphones work in earbud mode.

[0077] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0078] When K≥nKmax and P1<mP2, it is determined that the headphones are not being worn effectively, and the current sound effect is maintained;

[0079] When K≤n(-Kmax) and P1>P2, it is determined that the flexible earplug 12 has not been completely pulled out of the ear canal, and the current sound effect is maintained.

[0080] Optionally, the method for determining the maximum slope Kmax includes:

[0081] When a complete in-ear wearing action is performed, the maximum slope of the pressure change is obtained based on the air pressure data after the earphone is inserted into the ear.

[0082] The method calculates and stores the average of the maximum slope during multiple in-ear wearing sessions, defining this average as the maximum slope Kmax. Each time the slope is compared, the maximum slope Kmax is retrieved and compared with the instantaneous slope K. The adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones in this application obtains the maximum slope Kmax by averaging multiple times, which helps improve reliability.

[0083] Optionally, the adaptive sound effect adjustment method of the dual-mode headphones includes:

[0084] The frequency sweep step size is controlled to be 0.5kHz to 1.5kHz, for example, 0.8kHz, 1kHz, 1.2kHz;

[0085] Control the detection accuracy to ±1Ω;

[0086] The impedance value is checked every 1 to 5 seconds, for example, 2 seconds, 3 seconds, and 4 seconds. If the impedance deviation exceeds 3% to 8%, for example, 4%, 5%, 6%, or 7%, frequency response compensation is performed again to maintain consistent sound quality. If the shape of the flexible earplug 12 changes again (average deformation rate exceeds ±8%), the shape detection and sound effect parameter calling process is repeated.

[0087] Through the above control parameters and adjustment steps, the physical form of the headphones and the sound effect mode can be automatically and accurately switched in coordination, completely eliminating manual operation while ensuring high sound quality consistency.

[0088] Optionally, the method utilizes a sensor array 14 to detect the deformation signal of the flexible earbud 12, with the sensor array 14 embedded within the flexible earbud 12. The sensor array 14 of this application, embedded within the flexible earbud 12, can accurately detect the deformation signal of the flexible earbud 12 in real time. By filtering and amplifying the deformation signal (enhancing signal strength), it can quickly and accurately predict the current mode of the headphones. For example, if a user accidentally touches the headphones during wear, causing a change in the flexible earbud 12, the sensor array 14 can detect this promptly and provide feedback to the headphones. Combined with calculated air pressure data, this ensures the timely activation of the correct sound effect parameters.

[0089] Optionally, Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the earphone in this application. Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the flexible earplug of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the flexible earplug 12 includes a support portion 121, an extension portion 122 and an arc-shaped portion 123, with the arc-shaped portion 123 connecting the support portion 121 and the extension portion 122.

[0090] Press the extension 122 into the support 121, and the earphone switches from in-ear mode to earbud mode;

[0091] The extension 122 is removed from the support 121, and the headphones switch from earbud mode to in-ear mode. When the headphones switch from in-ear mode to earbud mode, or vice versa, the shape of the flexible earbud 12 changes. At this time, the sensor array 14 can detect the deformation signal of the flexible earbud 12, determine the current mode of the headphones based on the calculation results, and then call the corresponding sound effect parameters in conjunction with the calculated air pressure data. For example, when the headphones switch from earbud mode to in-ear mode, and K≥nKmax, and the stabilized air pressure value P1 is greater than m times the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, the in-ear sound effect parameters are called, where the low frequency gain is +2dB, the mid frequency is flat, and the high frequency attenuation is -1dB; when the headphones switch from in-ear mode to earbud mode, the earbud sound effect parameters are called, where the low frequency attenuation is -1dB, the mid frequency is flat, and the high frequency gain is +2dB.

[0092] Optionally, such as Figure 5As shown, the support portion 121 is provided with a clearance hole 102, and an arc-shaped portion 123 is connected to the edge of the clearance hole 102. The end of the extension portion 122 is connected to the arc-shaped portion 123. Pressing the extension portion 122 allows it to be inserted into the support portion 121 through the clearance hole 102. When the extension portion 122 is pressed, it gradually extends into the support portion 121 through the clearance hole 102, at which point the earphone switches from in-ear mode to earbud mode. When the extension portion 122 is pulled outward from the support portion 121, it gradually extends outward from the support portion 121, at which point the earphone switches from earbud mode to in-ear mode.

[0093] Optionally, such as Figure 5 As shown, the support portion 121 includes an annular wall 1211 and a support plate 1212. The annular wall 1211 is connected to the support plate 1212, and a cavity 103 is formed between the annular wall 1211 and the support plate 1212. A clearance hole 102 passes through the support plate 1212. When the earphone is in in-ear mode, the extension portion 122 extends out of the cavity 103; when the earphone is in flat-head mode, the extension portion 122 is at least partially accommodated in the cavity 103. In this embodiment, the length of the annular wall 1211 is greater than or equal to the length of the extension portion 122.

[0094] Optionally, the sensor array 14 includes at least two first sensors 141, at least two second sensors 142 and at least one third sensor 143. Each first sensor 141 is disposed on the top end and / or side wall of the extension 122, each second sensor 142 is disposed on the arcuate portion 123, and the third sensor 143 is disposed on the support portion 121.

[0095] The radial extrusion deformation signal of the extension 122 is detected by each of the first sensors 141;

[0096] The axial tensile deformation signal of the arc-shaped part 123 is detected by each of the second sensors 142;

[0097] The deformation signal detected by the third sensor 143 is used to assist in verifying the deformation stability. In this embodiment, the deformation signals detected by the first sensors 141 and the second sensors 142 are used to calculate the parallel deformation rate, and the deformation signal detected by the third sensor 143 is used to verify the deformation stability. This helps to improve the detection accuracy and can effectively filter out changes in the deformation signal caused by accidental contact with the flexible earplug 12.

[0098] When the headphones are powered on, the sensor array 14 enters standby mode. The low-power wake-up voltage (voltage set to 3.3V±0.2V) starts the self-test program and detects the baseline value output by each sensor (error range ±2%). If it exceeds the range, a fault prompt is triggered, such as an indicator light or vibration to indicate a fault.

[0099] It is worth noting that the deformation data and air pressure data in this application simultaneously exhibit a highly correlated and expected change pattern. For example, the deformation data shows that the extension gradually moves out of the ear canal, while the air pressure data shows that the ear canal seal is being broken, and the air pressure rapidly drops back to atmospheric pressure. These two independent data sources point to the same conclusion (switching to earbud mode), and the headphone system reaches its highest confidence level, immediately switching the in-ear sound effect parameters to earbud sound effect parameters. When the deformation data changes (e.g., the flexible earbud is squeezed by a hand), but the concurrent air pressure data shows no reaction (no characteristic change in sealing / unsealing), this indicates that the action did not occur in the ear canal, and the headphone system determines it as an invalid operation and does not respond.

[0100] Optionally, the adaptive sound adjustment method for dual-mode headphones in this application utilizes deformation data to compensate for the blind spots of barometric pressure data. That is, the barometric pressure sensor cannot provide useful information when the headphones are not worn; while the sensor array 14 can operate at any time, detecting the "pre-action" of the user picking up the headphones and preparing to wear them, thus preparing the headphone system in advance. The barometric pressure sensor in this application grants the sensor array 14 the privilege of judgment. The sensor array 14 can only perceive "change," but cannot 100% determine "why the change." The barometric pressure sensor gives it this capability, imbuing the data it collects with clear context and meaning, upgrading it from a "shape sensor" to a "wearing status sensor."

[0101] Optionally, when the low-power operating barometric pressure sensor detects a pressure change, the sensor array 14 simultaneously initiates detection. The barometric pressure sensor is only allowed to switch from "low-frequency listening" to "high-frequency diagnostics" mode when the calculated average deformation rate exceeds a first threshold and remains stable for a first duration.

[0102] Optionally, the adaptive sound effect adjustment method of the dual-mode headphones, which controls the sensor array 14, includes:

[0103] The sensitivity of sensor array 14 is greater than 0.5% / mm;

[0104] The operating temperature range of sensor array 14 is -10℃ to 45℃;

[0105] The response time of sensor array 14 is less than 10ms;

[0106] The sampling frequency of the sensor array 14 is 80 to 200 Hz, for example, 90 Hz, 100 Hz, 120 Hz, 150 Hz;

[0107] The amount of data sampled in a single sampling of sensor array 14 is 12 to 20 bits per sensor.

[0108] Optionally, the spacing between two adjacent sensors (two adjacent first sensors 141, two adjacent second sensors 142, and two adjacent third sensors 143) in the sensor array 14 is ≥5mm to avoid signal interference.

[0109] Optionally, the method uses a filter to filter the original deformation signal (noise suppression ratio ≥40dB). The filter is a 5th-order Butterworth low-pass filter (cutoff frequency 10Hz), and the transfer function is decomposed as follows:

[0110]

[0111] The cutoff frequency is designed to be 5-15Hz, for example, 8Hz, 10Hz, or 12Hz;

[0112] Where H(s) is the overall transfer function, H2(s) is the second-order low-pass transfer function, and H3(s) is the third-order low-pass transfer function; is the cutoff frequency; s is the frequency change.

[0113] Optionally, filtering and amplifying the original deformation signal includes:

[0114] After filtering the original deformation signal, the filtered deformation signal is amplified by 20 times (with a linear error of less than 1%) and converted into a standard voltage signal of 0 to 3.3V.

[0115] Optionally, methods for dynamically adjusting the frequency response curve based on the deviation value include:

[0116] For every 0.5 to 1.5 Ω increase in deviation, for example, 0.8 Ω, 1 Ω, and 1.2 Ω, the corresponding frequency band gain increases by 0.05 to 0.3 dB, for example, 0.08 dB, 0.1 dB, 1.2 dB, and 1.5 dB.

[0117] For every reduction of 0.5 to 1.5 Ω in the deviation value, such as 0.8 Ω, 1 Ω, and 1.2 Ω, the corresponding frequency band gain decreases by 0.05 to 0.3 dB, such as 0.08 dB, 0.1 dB, 1.2 dB, and 1.5 dB; ensuring that the frequency response error is controlled within ±2 dB.

[0118] Optionally, the control method of the driver includes:

[0119] The vibration duration of the control driver is 0.2 to 1 second, for example, 0.3s, 0.4s, or 0.5s;

[0120] The vibration frequency of the control driver is 150 to 300 Hz, for example, 180 Hz, 200 Hz, 220 Hz, 240 Hz.

[0121] Optionally, the parameters of the in-ear sound effect or the flat-head sound effect can be finely adjusted in y times within x seconds, where x is less than or equal to 3 and y is greater than or equal to 5, to ensure a smooth transition in sound quality without popping or dropping sounds.

[0122] The adjustment step for the sound effect parameters is 0.3 to 0.8 seconds per time, for example, 0.4 seconds per time, 0.5 seconds per time, 0.6 seconds per time, and 0.7 seconds per time.

[0123] The oscillation of the control driver is less than 0.2mm;

[0124] The vibration duration of the control driver is 0.3s.

[0125] Alternatively, please refer to Figures 2 to 5 The earphone also includes an earphone shell, a mainboard 13, a sound effect module, and at least one air pressure sensor (not shown). The flexible earbud 12 is connected to the earphone shell 11. The sound effect module, sensor array 14, and air pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the mainboard 13, which is installed within the earphone shell 11. The mainboard 13 filters and amplifies the deformation signal detected by the sensor array 14, calculates the average deformation rate and stability, and obtains the instantaneous slope K based on the air pressure data detected by the air pressure sensor. It then compares the instantaneous slope K with n times the maximum slope Kmax and calls the corresponding sound effect parameters based on the comparison result. In this embodiment, the flexible earbud 12 is made of TPU or TPE, but is not limited to these materials. The support portion 121 and the extension portion 122 are integrally formed by injection molding.

[0126] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the headphones also include a speaker (not shown) and a power supply (not shown) electrically connected to the motherboard 13. The motherboard 13 is correspondingly arranged with the flexible earbud 12. The power supply is installed in the headphone shell 11 and electrically connected to the motherboard 13. The power supply is used to power the various components of the headphones.

[0127] Optionally, the speaker and the flexible earpiece 12 are correspondingly arranged, and the audio output from the speaker reaches the ear after passing through the flexible earpiece 12. In this embodiment, the top of the extension 122 is provided with a sound outlet 101, and the audio output from the speaker is transmitted to the outside of the earphone through the sound outlet 101.

[0128] Optionally, the motherboard 13 is equipped with a microcontroller unit (MCU), the aforementioned filter (not shown), and an amplifier circuit (not shown). The microcontroller unit is connected to the sensor array 14, the sound effect module, the filter, and the amplifier circuit, respectively. The microcontroller unit receives the raw deformation signal collected by the sensor array 14. The filter is used to filter noise from the raw deformation signal, and the amplifier circuit is used to amplify the filtered deformation signal. In this embodiment, the microcontroller unit is used to calculate the pre-processed deformation signal (the filtered and amplified signal), such as calculating the deformation peak value, average deformation rate, and deformation stability (standard deviation less than 3% is considered stable) within 500ms, and to remove transient interference signals (deformation lasting less than 0.3s). The microcontroller unit compares the average deformation rate with a first threshold (positive number) or a second threshold (negative number), determines the current mode of the headphones based on the comparison result, and sends the result to the sound effect module. The sound effect module calls the corresponding sound effect parameters based on the determination result.

[0129] Optionally, the microcontroller unit uses a low-power MCU with an operating voltage of 3.0V to 3.6V, a standby power consumption of less than 1mW, an operating power consumption of less than 5mW, a data processing speed of greater than or equal to 1MHz, and a built-in 12-bit ADC converter (sampling accuracy ±0.5%).

[0130] Optionally, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the earphone shell 11 includes an integrally formed cylindrical shell 111 and a speaker shell 112. The top sidewall of the cylindrical shell 111 is connected to the speaker shell 112. The power supply is installed in the cylindrical shell 111, the main board 13 is installed in the speaker shell 112, and the annular wall 1211 is connected to the speaker shell 112.

[0131] Optionally, the device also includes an impedance module for detecting the impedance of the headphones. The impedance module is electrically connected to the motherboard 13. The microcontroller unit of the motherboard 13 is used to calculate the deviation value between the current impedance detected by the impedance module and the first typical impedance or the second typical impedance, and dynamically adjust the frequency response curve according to the deviation value.

[0132] Optionally, the driver is, for example, an electromagnetic driver, which is installed in the earphone shell 11 and electrically connected to the motherboard 13; when the earphone switches from in-ear mode to earbud mode, or from earbud mode to in-ear mode, the driver vibrates to indicate that the flexible earbud 12 has completed the shape switching.

[0133] This application also relates to an adaptive sound effect adjustment system for dual-mode headphones, the system being used to perform the aforementioned adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones.

[0134] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An adaptive sound adjustment method for a dual-mode earphone, characterized in that, The method is used to adjust the sound effects of headphones, the headphones including flexible earbuds, which can be deformed to switch between in-ear mode and earbud mode; the method includes: The deformation of the flexible earplug is detected, and the original deformation signal is obtained; The original deformation signal is filtered and amplified to obtain a preprocessed deformation signal; Calculate the average deformation rate and stability of the preprocessed deformation signal; If the average deformation rate is greater than or equal to the first threshold and remains stable for a first duration, it is predicted that the earphone will enter the in-ear mode, and the instantaneous slope K of the current air pressure data will be detected in real time. The instantaneous slope K will be compared with the size of n times the maximum slope Kmax, where 0.6≤n≤1. When K≥nKmax, and the stable air pressure value P1 is greater than m times the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, m>1, the headphones are confirmed to enter the in-ear mode, and the in-ear sound effect parameters are called. When K≤n(-Kmax) and the stabilized air pressure value P1 is equal to the ambient atmospheric pressure P2, call the flat-head sound effect parameters; After switching sound effects, the current impedance of the headphones is detected, and the deviation value from the typical impedance in the current mode is calculated. The frequency response curve is dynamically adjusted based on the deviation value. The driver causes the headphones to vibrate, indicating that the sound effect switching is complete.

2. The adaptive sound effect adjustment method of dual mode earphone of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: If the average deformation rate is less than or equal to the second threshold and remains stable for a first duration, then the headphones are determined to have entered the flat-head mode.

3. The adaptive sound adjustment method for dual-mode earphones of claim 1, wherein, The method further includes: When K≥nKmax and P1<mP2, it is determined that the headphones are not being worn effectively, and the current sound effect is maintained; When K≤n(-Kmax) and P1>P2, it is determined that the flexible earplug has not been completely pulled out of the ear canal, and the current sound effect is maintained.

4. The adaptive sound adjustment method for dual mode earphones of claim 1, wherein, The methods for determining the maximum slope Kmax include: When a complete in-ear wearing action is performed, the maximum slope of the pressure change is obtained based on the air pressure data after the earphone is inserted into the ear. Calculate the average of the maximum slope during multiple in-ear wearing sessions, store the average value, and determine the average value as the maximum slope Kmax.

5. The adaptive sound adjustment method for dual mode earphones of claim 1, wherein, The adaptive sound effect adjustment method of the dual-mode headphones includes: The frequency sweep step size is controlled to be 0.5kHz to 1.5kHz; Control the detection accuracy to ±1Ω; The impedance value is checked every 1 to 5 seconds; if the impedance deviation exceeds 3% to 8%, frequency response compensation is performed again. If the shape of the flexible earplug changes again, the shape detection and sound effect parameter calling process is repeated.

6. The adaptive sound adjustment method for dual mode earphones of claim 1, wherein, The method utilizes a sensor array to detect the deformation signal of the flexible earplug, the sensor array being embedded in the flexible earplug; the flexible earplug includes a support portion, an extension portion, and an arc-shaped portion, the arc-shaped portion being connected between the support portion and the extension portion; The extension is pressed into the support, and the earphone switches from the in-ear mode to the flat-head mode. The extension is removed from the support, and the earphone switches from the flat-head mode to the in-ear mode. The sensor array includes at least two first sensors, at least two second sensors, and at least one third sensor. Each first sensor is disposed at the top end and / or side wall of the extension, each second sensor is disposed at the arcuate portion, and the third sensor is disposed at the support portion. The radial extrusion deformation signal of the extension is detected using each of the first sensors; The axial tensile deformation signal of the arc-shaped portion is detected using each of the second sensors; The deformation signal detected by the third sensor is used to assist in verifying the deformation stability.

7. The adaptive sound adjustment method for dual mode earphones of claim 1, wherein, The method utilizes a filter to process the original deformation signal. The filter is a 5th-order Butterworth low-pass filter, and its transfer function is decomposed as follows: The cutoff frequency is designed to be 5–15 Hz; Wherein, H(s) is the total transfer function, H2(s) is the second-order low-pass transfer function, and H3(s) is the third-order low-pass transfer function; is the cutoff frequency; s is the frequency variation; and / or, The filtering and amplification processing of the original deformation signal includes: After filtering the original deformation signal, the filtered deformation signal is amplified by 20 times and converted into a standard voltage signal of 0 to 3.3V.

8. The adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for dynamically adjusting the frequency response curve based on the deviation value includes: For every 0.5 to 1.5 Ω increase in the deviation value, the corresponding frequency band gain increases by 0.05 to 0.3 dB; For every reduction of the deviation value by 0.5 to 1.5 Ω, the corresponding frequency band gain decreases by 0.05 to 0.3 dB; and / or, The control method for the driver includes: The vibration duration of the driver is controlled to be 0.2 to 1 second; The vibration frequency of the driver is controlled to be 150-300Hz.

9. The adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The in-ear sound effect parameters or the flat-head sound effect parameters are fine-tuned in y steps within x seconds, where x is less than or equal to 3 and y is greater than or equal to 5. The adjustment step for the sound effect parameters is 0.3 to 0.8 seconds per adjustment.

10. An adaptive sound effect adjustment system for dual-mode headphones, characterized in that, The system is used to perform the adaptive sound effect adjustment method for dual-mode headphones as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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