Automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of grinding machine, specifically is a kind of automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure, the present application includes base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed, Z-axis sliding table of XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed is fixedly connected with U-shaped support, one end of U-shaped support is fixedly connected with protective cover in pairs, the periphery of protective cover is evenly provided with three polishing wheels.The present application is used in cooperation with adjusting assembly by the cooperation of wheel assembly and adjusting assembly, when wheel assembly drives polishing wheel switching, adjusting assembly can automatically adapt the flow of coolant simultaneously, for high-heat polishing wheel such as initial processing, adjusting assembly increases the output of coolant by adjusting the position of adjusting piston, to avoid workpiece thermal deformation and excessive wear of grinding wheel, for finishing low-heat polishing wheel, automatically reduce the flow of coolant, reduce the waste of coolant and subsequent waste liquid treatment cost, realize the automatic adaptation of processing quality and resource utilization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of grinding machine, in particular to an automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Automatic grinding machine is the core equipment for realizing surface forming and precision control of metal parts in mechanical manufacturing, and is widely used in the fields of automobile, aerospace, etc. In actual processing, in order to adapt to different polishing needs, multiple grinding wheels are often required to be replaced for work. Due to the differences in structure and granularity, the friction intensity between different grinding wheels and workpieces is different, and the heat production is also significantly different: when some grinding wheels are polished, the material removal amount is large and the friction is intense, and the heat production is high, so high-flow cooling liquid is needed to cool down in time to avoid workpiece deformation and grinding wheel wear; when some grinding wheels are polished, the focus is on fine processing, and the heat production is low, and excessive cooling liquid will cause waste and increase the cost of waste liquid treatment.

[0003] In the industry, most automatic grinding machines have manual assistance or semi-automatic wheel replacement capability to switch different grinding wheels according to processing needs. The cooling system is mainly divided into two types: one is the fixed flow scheme, which sets a single cooling liquid flow according to the common working condition of the grinding machine, and maintains the same flow after replacing different grinding wheels; the other is the manual adjustment scheme, which judges the cooling needs of the current grinding wheel by experience after replacing the grinding wheel, and manually adjusts the cooling liquid flow.

[0004] In the prior art, the grinding wheel replacement and cooling adjustment lack precise correlation, and there are obvious pain points. First, the cooling and heat production needs of the grinding wheel are not synchronized: after replacing the grinding wheel, manual adjustment or sensor detection is needed to adjust the flow, manual adjustment is easily affected by experience and operation rhythm, and there is a lag or flow deviation; sensor detection is easily disturbed by metal debris and cooling liquid splashing generated during polishing, resulting in adjustment failure and inability to adapt to the heat production difference of different grinding wheels. Second, the adjustment convenience and reliability are insufficient: manual adjustment increases the workload of the operator, especially when multiple grinding wheels are frequently replaced, which will greatly reduce the production efficiency. The heat production needs of the current grinding wheel cannot be automatically matched, which makes it difficult to guarantee the cooling effect of high heat production grinding wheel and avoid the waste of cooling liquid for low heat production grinding wheel. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure, preferably comprising a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed, the Z-axis sliding table of XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed is fixedly connected with U-shaped support, one end of U-shaped support is fixedly connected with protective cover in pairs, the outer periphery of protective cover is uniformly provided with three grinding wheels;

[0008] One end of the base is fixedly connected with an adjusting sliding pipe, a piston pipe and a water tank, a double-headed piston rod is slidably inserted into the adjusting sliding pipe, one end of the double-headed piston rod is movably inserted into the adjusting sliding pipe, the other end of the double-headed piston rod is connected to the inside of the piston pipe, a drain port is provided at the top of the piston pipe and a first one-way valve is provided inside the piston pipe, a water suction pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the piston pipe, a second one-way valve is provided at the output end of the water suction pipe and the input end of the water suction pipe extends into the water tank, a water supply pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the drain port, and a spray head is fixedly connected to one end of one protective cover, the output end of the water supply pipe is fixedly connected with the spray head.

[0009] A wheel replacement assembly is installed in the protective cover for driving the three grinding wheels to rotate around the protective cover to achieve conversion.

[0010] An adjusting assembly is installed in the adjusting sliding pipe for automatically adjusting and controlling the output flow of the cooling liquid of the spray head when the wheel replacement assembly converts the grinding wheels.

[0011] Preferably, the wheel replacement assembly comprises a fixed gear ring inside one protective cover, a sun gear is concentrically arranged in the fixed gear ring, a double-shaft motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other protective cover, one output end of the double-shaft motor penetrates the protective cover and is fixedly connected with the sun gear, three planetary gears are arranged on the outer periphery of the sun gear, the planetary gears are meshed with the sun gear and the fixed gear ring, the first ball bearing is rotatably connected to the top of the planetary gear, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the grinding wheel shaft, and one end of the transmission shaft penetrates the first ball bearing and is rotatably connected therewith.

[0012] Preferably, the wheel replacement assembly further comprises a first bevel gear fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft, a second bevel gear is rotatably connected in the other protective cover, the second bevel gear is synchronously meshed with the three first bevel gears, the shaft end of the second bevel gear is fixedly connected with a first worm gear, a first worm is rotatably connected in the other protective cover and is meshed with the first worm gear, a first motor is fixedly connected inside the other protective cover, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with the first worm.

[0013] Preferably, the wheel replacement assembly further comprises annular sliding grooves opened on opposite sides of the two protective covers, the annular baffle is rotatably and slidably connected inside the annular sliding groove, the second ball bearing is rotatably connected to the middle segment of the transmission shaft, and the second ball bearing is fixedly connected with the annular baffle.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting assembly comprises a second worm rotatably connected to one end of the base, a second motor fixedly connected to one end of the base, an output end of the second motor fixedly connected to the second worm, a second worm gear rotatably connected to one end of the base and engaged with the second worm, a circular push disc eccentrically fixedly connected to an axial end of the second worm gear, an outer periphery of the circular push disc in rolling contact with the abutting roller, the circular push disc abutting the abutting roller through the outer periphery when rotating, the elastic reset force of the reset spring being used to convert the rotary motion of the second worm gear into the linear reciprocating motion of the double-headed piston rod, the abutting roller being rotatably connected to the middle segment of the double-headed piston rod, the abutting roller being in rolling contact with the circular push disc, the reset spring being sleeved on the outer periphery of the double-headed piston rod, and the reset spring being arranged in the interior of the adjusting slide pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises an adjusting piston movably inserted into the interior of the adjusting slide pipe, one end of the adjusting slide pipe being rotatably connected to a third bevel gear, one end of the adjusting piston being rotatably connected to an adjusting screw, one end of the adjusting screw penetrating through the third bevel gear and being threadedly connected with the third bevel gear, the other output end of the double-shaft motor being fixedly connected with a connecting shaft, the bottom of the connecting shaft being sleeved with a sleeve rod, the bottom of the sleeve rod being fixedly connected with a fourth bevel gear, the fourth bevel gear being vertically engaged with the third bevel gear, the fourth bevel gear driving the third bevel gear to synchronously rotate when the fourth bevel gear rotates with the sleeve rod, thereby driving the adjusting screw axially moving and pushing the adjusting piston sliding along the adjusting slide pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises first guide sliding grooves symmetrically arranged in the inner side of the sleeve rod, the bottom of the connecting shaft being fixedly connected with first guide sliding blocks symmetrically, and the first guide sliding blocks being slidably connected in the interior of the first guide sliding grooves.

[0017] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises second guide sliding grooves symmetrically arranged in the inner side of the adjusting slide pipe, one end of the adjusting piston being fixedly connected with second guide sliding blocks symmetrically, and the second guide sliding blocks being slidably connected in the interior of the second guide sliding grooves.

[0018] Preferably, the outer side of one of the protective covers is fixedly connected with a visual monitoring module, the detection end of the visual monitoring module facing the contact end of the polishing wheel and the workpiece, one end of the base being fixedly connected with a controller, the controller being electrically connected with the visual monitoring module, and the controller being used to receive the contact state signal of the polishing wheel and the workpiece fed back by the visual monitoring module, thereby controlling the action of the wheel changing assembly or the adjusting assembly.

[0019] Preferably, the interior of the base is provided with a recycling bin, the top of the base is symmetrically provided with recycling openings in communication with the recycling bin, and the interior of the recycling opening is fixedly connected with a filter screen.

[0020] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The application is used by cooperating with the wheel changing assembly and the adjusting assembly. When the wheel changing assembly drives the grinding wheel to switch, the adjusting assembly can automatically adapt the cooling liquid flow. For high-heat grinding wheels such as primary processing, the adjusting assembly increases the cooling liquid output by adjusting the position of the adjusting piston to avoid workpiece thermal deformation and excessive grinding wheel wear. For low-heat grinding wheels such as finishing, the adjusting assembly automatically reduces the cooling liquid flow to reduce cooling liquid waste and subsequent waste liquid treatment costs, achieving automatic adaptation of processing quality and resource utilization.

[0022] 2. The application is used by cooperating with the sun gear and the planet wheel through the setting of the toothed ring, and cooperating with the limiting action of the annular baffle and the second ball bearing, which can ensure that the three grinding wheels always rotate accurately with the protective cover as the center. At the same time, cooperating with the meshing transmission of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the grinding wheel completes high-speed rotation grinding to facilitate the non-stop conversion of the three grinding wheels, effectively improving the processing efficiency of the device.

[0023] 3. The application is used by integrating the wheel changing assembly, the adjusting assembly, and the visual monitoring module through the controller. The visual monitoring module feeds back the grinding state in real time, and the controller automatically triggers the wheel changing action and controls the cooling liquid flow adjustment, without the need for manual judgment and manual operation, further improving the overall processing efficiency of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings;

[0025] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the automatic grinding machine in the application;

[0026] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the water tank in the application;

[0027] Figure 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the U-shaped support in the application;

[0028] Figure 4 is the internal structure explosion diagram of the protective cover in the application;

[0029] Figure 5 is the three-dimensional structure explosion diagram of the wheel changing assembly in the application;

[0030] Figure 6 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the sleeve rod in the application;

[0031] Figure 7 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the adjusting assembly in the application;

[0032] Figure 8 is the internal structure diagram of the adjusting slide pipe and the piston pipe in the application;

[0033] Figure 9 is the internal structure diagram of the second guide chute in the application;

[0034] Figure 10 is the internal structure diagram of the recycling bin in the application;

[0035] The reference signs in the drawings are as follows: 1, base; 2, XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed; 3, U-shaped support; 4, protective cover; 5, polishing wheel; 6, adjusting slide pipe; 7, double-head piston rod; 8, piston pipe; 9, drain port; 10, first one-way valve; 11, water suction pipe; 12, second one-way valve; 13, water tank; 14, water supply pipe; 15, spray head; 16, toothed ring; 17, sun gear; 18, double-shaft motor; 19, planetary gear; 20, first ball bearing; 21, transmission shaft; 22, first bevel gear; 23, second bevel gear; 24, first worm gear; 25, first worm; 26, first motor; 27, annular chute; 28, annular baffle; 29, second ball bearing; 30, second worm; 31, second worm gear; 32, second motor; 33, push disc; 34, abutting roller; 35, return spring; 36, adjusting piston; 37, third bevel gear; 38, adjusting screw; 39, connecting shaft; 40, sleeve rod; 41, fourth bevel gear; 42, first guide chute; 43, first guide sliding block; 44, second guide chute; 45, second guide sliding block; 46, visual monitoring module; 47, controller; 48, recycling bin; 49, recycling port; 50, filter screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0037] The automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure belongs to the metal part machining equipment in the grinding machine technical field, is specially used for multi-process polishing machining and surface precision control operation of metal parts in the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like, and integrates the functions of automatic switching and cooling liquid flow synchronous linkage adjusting of the polishing wheel.

[0038] As Figures 1-5As shown, including the base 1, the top of the base 1 is fixedly connected with XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed 2, the Z-axis sliding table of XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed 2 is fixedly connected with U-shaped support 3, one end of U-shaped support 3 is fixedly connected with protective cover 4, and the outer periphery of protective cover 4 is uniformly provided with three polishing wheels 5;

[0039] One end of base 1 is fixedly connected with adjusting sliding pipe 6, piston pipe 8 and water tank 13, double-headed piston rod 7 is slidably inserted in adjusting sliding pipe 6, one end of double-headed piston rod 7 is movably inserted in the inside of adjusting sliding pipe 6, the other end is connected to the inside of piston pipe 8, the top of piston pipe 8 is provided with drain port 9 and the inside is provided with first one-way valve 10, first one-way valve 10 only allows cooling liquid to flow from the inside of piston pipe 8 to drain port 9, one side of piston pipe 8 is fixedly connected with water suction pipe 11, the output end of water suction pipe 11 is provided with second one-way valve 12 and the input end extends into water tank 13, second one-way valve 12 only allows cooling liquid to flow from water suction pipe 11 to the inside of piston pipe 8, the output end of drain port 9 is fixedly connected with water supply pipe 14, one end of one protective cover 4 is fixedly connected with spray head 15, and the output end of water supply pipe 14 is fixedly connected with spray head 15;

[0040] The protective cover 4 is installed with a wheel changing assembly for driving the three polishing wheels 5 to rotate around the protective cover 4 to realize conversion;

[0041] The adjusting sliding pipe 6 is installed with an adjusting assembly for automatically adjusting and controlling the cooling liquid output flow of the spray head 15 when the wheel changing assembly changes the polishing wheels 5;

[0042] The wheel changing assembly comprises a fixed gear ring 16 fixed inside one protective cover 4, a sun gear 17 concentrically arranged in the fixed gear ring 16, a double-shaft motor 18 fixedly connected to the bottom of one protective cover 4, one output end of the double-shaft motor 18 penetrating the protective cover 4 is fixedly connected with the sun gear 17, three planetary gears 19 are arranged on the outer periphery of the sun gear 17, the planetary gears 19 are engaged with the sun gear 17 and the fixed gear ring 16, the top of the planetary gear 19 is rotatably connected with a first ball bearing 20, the shaft end of the polishing wheel 5 is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft 21, and one end of the transmission shaft 21 penetrates the first ball bearing 20 and is rotatably connected therewith;

[0043] The wheel changing assembly further comprises a first bevel gear 22 fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft 21, a second bevel gear 23 rotatably connected in the other protective cover 4, the second bevel gear 23 is synchronously engaged with the three first bevel gears 22, the shaft end of the second bevel gear 23 is fixedly connected with a first worm gear 24, the first worm gear 24 is rotatably connected in the other protective cover 4 and engaged with a first worm 25 rotatably connected in the other protective cover 4, and a first motor 26 is fixedly connected in the other protective cover 4, and the output end of the first motor 26 is fixedly connected with the first worm 25.

[0044] And, the wheel changing assembly further comprises two annular sliding grooves 27 opened on opposite sides of each protective cover 4, an annular baffle 28 rotatably slidingly connected inside the annular sliding groove 27, and a second ball bearing 29 rotatably connected to the middle section of the transmission shaft 21 and fixedly connected with the annular baffle 28.

[0045] In use, the XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed 2 on the top of the base 1 can drive the Z-axis sliding table to drive the U-shaped support 3 and the protective cover 4 to complete the position adjustment in the three-dimensional space, so that the polishing wheels 5 on the outer periphery of the protective cover 4 are accurately positioned for the workpiece to be processed. At this time, the three polishing wheels 5 on the outer periphery of the protective cover 4 correspond to three processing conditions of rough machining, finishing and super-fine machining, respectively. If it is necessary to switch the polishing wheels 5 according to the processing requirements of the workpiece, the wheel changing assembly inside the protective cover 4 is started to work.

[0046] Firstly, the double-shaft motor 18 is started, and one output end thereof is fixedly connected with the sun gear 17 through the protective cover 4 to drive the sun gear 17 to rotate inside the fixed gear ring 16. Since the sun gear 17 is synchronously engaged with the three planetary gears 19, and the planetary gears 19 are engaged with the fixed gear ring 16, under the fixed limiting action of the fixed gear ring 16, the planetary gears 19 revolve around the sun gear 17 and also rotate around the transmission shaft 21 through the first ball bearing 20, so that the polishing wheels 5 on the shaft ends of the transmission shaft 21 rotate with the protective cover 4 as the center, and the position conversion of the polishing wheels 5 used in the three different processing conditions of rough machining, finishing and super-fine machining is realized.

[0047] At the same time, in the conversion process, the second ball bearing 29 in the middle section of the transmission shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the annular baffle 28, and the annular baffle 28 synchronously rotates inside the annular sliding groove 27 on the opposite side of each protective cover 4, so that the annular baffle 28 effectively blocks the debris from entering the interior of the protective cover 4 to affect the operation of the internal structure.

[0048] Then, the first motor 26 drives the first worm 25 to rotate, and through the meshing transmission between the first worm 25 and the first worm gear 24, the second bevel gear 23 is driven to rotate, the second bevel gear 23 is synchronously engaged with the first bevel gears 22 on the three transmission shafts 21, and the polishing wheels 5 are driven to rotate at high speed for polishing, so as to meet the processing requirements of different workpieces.

[0049] As Figure 2 and Figures 5-10As shown, the adjusting assembly comprises a second worm 30 rotatably connected to one end of the base 1, one end of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a second motor 32, the output end of the second motor 32 is fixedly connected with the second worm 30, one end of the base 1 is rotatably connected with a second worm gear 31 engaged with the second worm 30, the shaft end of the second worm gear 31 is eccentrically fixedly connected with a circular push plate 33, the outer periphery of the circular push plate 33 is in rolling contact with the abutting roller 34, when the circular push plate 33 rotates, the abutting roller 34 is pushed by the outer periphery, and the elastic reset force of the reset spring 35 is matched to convert the rotary motion of the second worm gear 31 into the linear reciprocating motion of the double-headed piston rod 7, the middle segment of the double-headed piston rod 7 is rotatably connected with the abutting roller 34, the abutting roller 34 is in rolling contact with the circular push plate 33, and the outer periphery of the double-headed piston rod 7 is sleeved with the reset spring 35, and the reset spring 35 is arranged in the interior of the adjusting slide pipe 6;

[0050] The adjusting assembly further comprises an adjusting piston 36 movably inserted into the adjusting slide pipe 6, one end of the adjusting slide pipe 6 is rotatably connected with a third bevel gear 37, one end of the adjusting piston 36 is rotatably connected with an adjusting screw 38, one end of the adjusting screw 38 penetrates through the third bevel gear 37 and is threadedly connected with the third bevel gear 37, the other output end of the double-shaft motor 18 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 39, the bottom of the connecting shaft 39 is sleeved with a sleeve rod 40, the bottom of the sleeve rod 40 is fixedly connected with a fourth bevel gear 41, the fourth bevel gear 41 is perpendicularly engaged with the third bevel gear 37, when the fourth bevel gear 41 rotates with the sleeve rod 40, the third bevel gear 37 is driven to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the adjusting screw 38 threadedly connected with the third bevel gear 37 to move axially, and pushing the adjusting piston 36 to slide along the adjusting slide pipe 6;

[0051] The adjusting assembly further comprises a first guide sliding groove 42 symmetrically formed in the inner side of the sleeve rod 40, the bottom of the connecting shaft 39 is fixedly connected with a first guide sliding block 43, and the first guide sliding block 43 is slidingly connected in the interior of the first guide sliding groove 42;

[0052] The adjusting assembly further comprises a second guide sliding groove 44 symmetrically formed in the inner side of the adjusting slide pipe 6, one end of the adjusting piston 36 is fixedly connected with a second guide sliding block 45, and the second guide sliding block 45 is slidingly connected in the interior of the second guide sliding groove 44;

[0053] The outer side of one of the protective covers 4 is fixedly connected with a visual monitoring module 46, the detection end of the visual monitoring module 46 faces the contact end of the polishing wheel 5 and the workpiece, one end of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a controller 47, the controller 47 is electrically connected with the visual monitoring module 46, and is used to receive the workpiece contact state signal of the polishing wheel 5 fed back by the visual monitoring module 46, thereby controlling the action of the wheel changing assembly or the adjusting assembly;

[0054] And, the inside of the base 1 is provided with a recycling bin 48, and the top of the base 1 is symmetrically provided with a recycling port 49 in communication with the recycling bin 48, and the inside of the recycling port 49 is fixedly connected with a filter screen 50.

[0055] In use, when the wheel switching assembly completes the switching of the grinding wheel 5, the adjusting assembly is started simultaneously to adapt to the cooling liquid demand of the current grinding wheel 5. First, the second motor 32 is started by the controller 47, the second motor 32 drives the second worm 30 to rotate, the second worm 30 is engaged with the second worm gear 31, the second worm gear 31 drives the eccentric fixed circular push plate 33 to rotate, the outer periphery of the circular push plate 33 is in rolling contact with the abutting roller 34, and when the push plate rotates, the abutting roller 34 is pushed by the outer periphery, and the elastic return force of the return spring 35 is matched to convert the rotary motion of the circular push plate 33 into the linear reciprocating motion of the double-headed piston rod 7;

[0056] At the same time, one end of the double-headed piston rod 7 slides in the adjusting slide pipe 6, and the other end does piston motion in the piston pipe 8. When the double-headed piston rod 7 moves towards the piston pipe 8, the pressure in the piston pipe 8 decreases, the second one-way valve 12 opens, and the cooling liquid in the water tank 13 is sucked into the piston pipe 8 through the water suction pipe 11. When the double-headed piston rod 7 moves towards the adjusting slide pipe 6, the pressure in the piston pipe 8 increases, the first one-way valve 10 opens, and the cooling liquid is transported to the spray head 15 through the water outlet 9 and the water supply pipe 14, and the cooling liquid is sprayed to cool the grinding area;

[0057] At the same time, when the wheel switching assembly switches the grinding wheel 5, the other output end of the double-shaft motor 18 drives the connecting shaft 39 to rotate, the first guide sliding block 43 at the bottom of the connecting shaft 39 slides in the first guide sliding groove 42 of the sleeve rod 40, to ensure that the connecting shaft 39 and the sleeve rod 40 rotate synchronously and do not slip relative to each other, and the sleeve rod 40 drives the fourth bevel gear 41 at the bottom to rotate;

[0058] Because the fourth bevel gear 41 is vertically engaged with the third bevel gear 37, the torque is transmitted to the third bevel gear 37, the third bevel gear 37 is threadedly connected with the adjusting screw 38, and the adjusting screw 38 is driven to move axially. At this time, the second guide sliding block 45 at one end of the adjusting piston 36 slides in the second guide sliding groove 44 of the adjusting slide pipe 6, to limit the rotation of the adjusting piston 36, so that the adjusting piston 36 moves axially along the adjusting slide pipe 6 with the adjusting screw 38, to change the effective volume in the adjusting slide pipe 6. Therefore, by limiting the movement distance of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the adjusting slide pipe 6 by the adjusting piston 36, the piston amount of the other end of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the piston pipe 8 is adjusted, and the cooling liquid flow is adjusted to adapt to the heat production demand of the current grinding wheel 5;

[0059] And the detection end of the visual monitoring module 46 is real-time towards the contact end of the polishing wheel 5 and the workpiece, continuously collecting image information of the polishing area, including the workpiece surface state, the polishing wheel 5 wear condition and the cooling liquid coverage range, and transmitting the information to the controller 47 for analysis, and starting the wheel switching assembly to switch the polishing wheel 5 according to the polishing process, to ensure the machining precision;

[0060] At the same time, the waste liquid and metal debris mixture generated during polishing falls on the top of the base 1, flows into the recovery port 49 along the surface of the base, and the filter screen 50 in the recovery port 49 filters out the metal debris in the mixture to avoid clogging the pipeline, and the filtered cooling liquid enters the recovery bin 48 for temporary storage, and the cooling liquid in the recovery bin 48 can be pumped back to the water tank 13 for recycling, reducing resource waste and waste liquid treatment cost.

[0061] The working principle of the automatic grinding machine with the replaceable wheel structure provided by the application is as follows:

[0062] First, the workpiece to be processed is fixed on the workbench of the XYZ three-axis linkage machining bed 2, the machining parameters are set through the controller 47, the controller 47 first drives the Z-axis sliding table of the XYZ three-axis linkage machining bed 2, drives the U-shaped support 3 and the protective cover 4 to move, and makes the outer periphery of the protective cover 4 accurately align with the workpiece to be polished in the initial machining condition, to complete the position calibration before machining.

[0063] Subsequently, if the initial polishing wheel 5 does not meet the current machining requirement, the controller 47 starts the double-shaft motor 18 to drive the sun gear 17 to rotate in the fixed gear ring 16, the sun gear 17 drives the three planetary gears 19 to revolve and rotate, the planetary gears 19 drive the transmission shaft 21 and the polishing wheel 5 to rotate around the protective cover 4 through the first ball bearing 20, to realize the switching of the polishing wheel 5 corresponding to the three machining conditions of initial machining, fine machining and super-fine machining, to meet different machining requirements.

[0064] Then, the first motor 26 is started to drive the first worm 25 to rotate, the second bevel gear 23 is driven to rotate through the first worm gear 24, the second bevel gear 23 is engaged with the first bevel gear 22, to provide stable rotating power for the polishing wheel 5, and the polishing wheel 5 completes the polishing machining on the target.

[0065] When the wheel changing assembly switches the polishing wheel 5, the controller 47 starts the second motor 32, the second motor 32 drives the second worm 30 to mesh with the second worm gear 31, and the second worm gear 31 drives the eccentric circular push plate 33 to rotate; the circular push plate 33 drives the double-headed piston rod 7 to do linear reciprocating motion through the abutting roller 34, and the elastic reset force of the reset spring 35 is matched to realize the piston movement of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the piston pipe 8; when the double-headed piston rod 7 moves to the piston pipe 8, the second one-way valve 12 is opened, and the cooling liquid in the water tank 13 is sucked into the piston pipe 8 through the water suction pipe 11; when the double-headed piston rod 7 moves to the adjusting slide pipe 6, the first one-way valve 10 is opened, and the cooling liquid is transported to the spray head 15 through the water outlet 9 and the water supply pipe 14, and is sprayed to the polishing area to complete cooling;

[0066] Then the other output end of the double-shaft motor 18 drives the connecting shaft 39 to rotate, the connecting shaft 39 drives the sleeve rod 40 and the fourth bevel gear 41 to rotate through the cooperation of the first guide sliding block 43 and the first guide sliding groove 42, the fourth bevel gear 41 is vertically meshed with the third bevel gear 37, drives the adjusting screw 38 to move axially, the adjusting piston 36 slides along the adjusting slide pipe 6 under the limitation of the second guide sliding block 45 and the second guide sliding groove 44, changes the effective volume in the adjusting slide pipe 6, so as to limit the moving distance of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the adjusting slide pipe 6 by the adjusting piston 36, adjust the piston amount of the other end of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the piston pipe 8, and then realize the adjustment of the cooling liquid flow to adapt to the heat production demand of the current polishing wheel 5;

[0067] And in the processing process, the visual monitoring module 46 collects the image information of the contact end of the polishing wheel 5 in real time and transmits it to the controller 47 for analysis, and according to the polishing process, the wheel changing assembly switches the polishing wheel 5 to ensure the processing precision, at the same time, the waste liquid and the mixture of the polishing generated are filtered through the filter screen 50 of the recovery port 49, the cooling liquid flows into the recovery bin 48 for temporary storage, and can be recycled and transported back to the water tank 13 for reuse, and a complete automatic polishing process is completed.

[0068] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application, and various changes and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure, characterized in that: Includes a base (1), the top of which is fixedly connected to an XYZ three-axis linkage machining center (2), the Z-axis slide of the XYZ three-axis linkage machining center (2) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped bracket (3), and a protective cover (4) is symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the U-shaped bracket (3), and three grinding wheels (5) are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the protective cover (4). One end of the base (1) is fixedly connected to an adjusting slide tube (6), a piston tube (8) and a water tank (13). A double-headed piston rod (7) is slidably inserted inside the adjusting slide tube (6). One end of the double-headed piston rod (7) is movably inserted inside the adjusting slide tube (6), and the other end is piston-connected inside the piston tube (8). The piston tube (8) is provided with a drain outlet (9) at the top and a first one-way valve (10) inside. A water pumping pipe (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the piston tube (8). A second one-way valve (12) is provided at the output end of the water pumping pipe (11), and the input end extends into the water tank (13). The output end of the drain outlet (9) is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe (14). One end of a protective cover (4) is fixedly connected to a nozzle (15), and the output end of the water supply pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the nozzle (15). The protective cover (4) is equipped with a wheel-changing assembly, which drives the three grinding wheels (5) to rotate around the protective cover (4) to achieve the conversion. An adjustment component is installed inside the adjustment slide tube (6) to automatically adjust the coolant output flow rate of the nozzle (15) when the grinding wheel (5) is switched by the wheel changing component.

2. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel-changing assembly includes a fixed gear ring (16) fixed inside a protective cover (4), a sun gear (17) concentrically arranged inside the fixed gear ring (16), a dual-axis motor (18) fixedly connected to the bottom of a protective cover (4), one output end of the dual-axis motor (18) passing through the protective cover (4) and fixedly connected to the sun gear (17), three planet gears (19) arranged on the outer periphery of the sun gear (17), the planet gears (19) meshing with the sun gear (17) and the fixed gear ring (16), the top of the planet gears (19) rotatably connected to the first ball bearing (20), and the shaft end of the grinding wheel (5) fixedly connected to the drive shaft (21), one end of the drive shaft (21) passing through the first ball bearing (20) and rotatably connected to it.

3. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear changing assembly also includes a first bevel gear (22) fixedly connected to one end of a drive shaft (21), a second bevel gear (23) rotatably connected inside another protective cover (4), the second bevel gear (23) meshing synchronously with the three first bevel gears (22), the shaft end of the second bevel gear (23) fixedly connected to a first worm gear (24), the first worm (25) meshing with the first worm gear (24) rotatably connected inside another protective cover (4), and a first motor (26) fixedly connected inside another protective cover (4), the output end of the first motor (26) fixedly connected to the first worm (25).

4. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wheel-changing assembly also includes two protective covers (4) with annular grooves (27) on opposite sides. Annular baffles (28) are rotatably connected inside the annular grooves (27). A second ball bearing (29) is rotatably connected to the middle section of the drive shaft (21). The second ball bearing (29) is fixedly connected to the annular baffles (28).

5. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a second worm gear (30) rotatably connected to one end of the base (1), a second motor (32) fixedly connected to one end of the base (1), the output end of the second motor (32) fixedly connected to the second worm gear (30), a second worm wheel (31) meshing with the second worm gear (30) rotatably connected to one end of the base (1), a circular push disk (33) eccentrically fixedly connected to the shaft end of the second worm wheel (31), the outer periphery of the circular push disk (33) rolling against the contact roller (34), the middle section of the double-headed piston rod (7) rotatably connected to the contact roller (34), the contact roller (34) rolling against the circular push disk (33), and a return spring (35) sleeved on the outer periphery of the double-headed piston rod (7), the return spring (35) being set inside the adjustment slide tube (6).

6. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly also includes an adjustment piston (36) that is movably inserted inside the adjustment slide tube (6). One end of the adjustment slide tube (6) is rotatably connected to a third bevel gear (37), and one end of the adjustment piston (36) is rotatably connected to an adjustment screw (38). One end of the adjustment screw (38) passes through the third bevel gear (37) and is threadedly connected to the third bevel gear (37). The other output end of the dual-axis motor (18) is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (39). A sleeve rod (40) is sleeved on the bottom of the connecting shaft (39), and a fourth bevel gear (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve rod (40). The fourth bevel gear (41) meshes perpendicularly with the third bevel gear (37).

7. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly also includes a first guide groove (42) symmetrically opened on the inner side of the sleeve (40), and a first guide slider (43) symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft (39), and the first guide slider (43) is slidably connected inside the first guide groove (42).

8. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly also includes a second guide groove (44) symmetrically opened inside the adjustment slide tube (6), and a second guide slider (45) symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the adjustment piston (36), and the second guide slider (45) slidably connected inside the second guide groove (44).

9. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vision monitoring module (46) is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the protective covers (4). The detection end of the vision monitoring module (46) faces the contact end between the grinding wheel (5) and the workpiece. A controller (47) is fixedly connected to one end of the base (1). The controller (47) is electrically connected to the vision monitoring module (46).

10. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has a recycling bin (48) inside, and the top of the base (1) has a recycling port (49) that communicates with the recycling bin (48). A filter screen (50) is fixedly connected inside the recycling port (49).

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