Fully-enclosed deep sea subsurface buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell

Abstract

The invention provides a full-closed deep sea subsurface buoy device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell, which comprises a watertight pressure-resistant shell with a full-closed structure, and an internal closed cavity of the watertight pressure-resistant shell is divided into an instrument cabin, a fuel cell cabin, a liquid pump cabin and a fuel storage cabin. The instrument cabin is used for arranging detection instruments; a fuel cell and a lithium battery are arranged in the fuel cell cabin; the fuel cell and the lithium battery are electrically connected with the detection instrument, the fuel cell serves as a main power supply, and the lithium battery serves as a standby power supply to provide required power for the detection instrument. A negative electrode fuel storage bag and a positive electrode fuel storage bag are arranged in the fuel storage cabin and are used for accommodating fuel required by the fuel cell and waste liquid generated after the fuel reacts. According to the invention, the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell and the lithium battery are adopted as dual power supplies, and meanwhile, the advantage of high specific energy density of the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell is utilized, so that the cruising ability of the power supplies in a deep-sea low-temperature environment is improved, frequent battery replacement is avoided, and the long-term operation cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells and the technical field of marine electronics engineering, and relates to a deep-sea submersible buoy device, in particular to a fully-closed deep-sea submersible buoy device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the surge in energy demand, fuel cells have become an important alternative energy source due to their high efficiency and environmental protection. Although proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have advantages such as high energy density and good safety, they are limited by the problem of hydrogen energy storage and transportation. Therefore, some scholars have proposed a chemical hydrogen storage scheme, in which sodium borohydride (NaBH4) stands out with a high hydrogen storage density of 10.6wt%, stability at room temperature, and controllable hydrogen production by hydrolysis. The alkaline solution fuel can still release hydrogen at a low temperature of-40℃, combining the advantages of safe storage and transportation and flexible application.

[0003] In the field of marine monitoring, the deep-sea submersible buoy, as a long-term underwater observation platform, carries temperature-salinity flow sensors and acoustic equipment to carry out multi-parameter collection of marine environment and underwater acoustic propagation research. Although its concealment and autonomous operation capability face challenges in energy supply and data transmission, it is still the core equipment for three-dimensional monitoring of the ocean. As a key subsystem, the power supply of the submersible buoy needs to provide continuous and stable power for underwater sensors, buoys and other equipment.

[0004] The existing deep-sea submersible buoy power supply system generally uses single lead-acid, zinc-silver and lithium batteries, which face the following core defects in the technical aspect:

[0005] First, the energy density of lead-acid batteries is low, which significantly increases the volume and weight burden of the submersible buoy. The cycle life is short, and in the deep-sea low-temperature environment, the decrease in electrolyte activity will further reduce the working time. In addition, during deep discharge, there is a risk of accelerated sulfidation of the plate, which shortens the service life. In a high-pressure and salt corrosion environment, the corrosion and leakage risk of the lead-containing structure increases, and if heavy metal pollution occurs, it poses a serious threat to the deep-sea ecology.

[0006] Second, although zinc-silver batteries have a higher energy density, their cycle life is extremely short, and the cost of one of the raw materials, silver, is high. Due to the high self-discharge rate, the capacity loss is significant during long-term deployment. In a high-pressure environment, the electrolyte is prone to stratification, causing internal short circuits, and the scarcity of silver metal also limits its large-scale application.

[0007] Third, lithium batteries have high energy density, but due to the high-pressure environment in the deep sea, the structure of the battery cell may deform, causing the separation membrane to rupture and the risk of thermal runaway. In low-temperature conditions, the migration rate of lithium ions decreases, causing capacity loss, which requires an additional temperature control system. In a long-term high-pressure environment, the electrolyte will accelerate decomposition and reduce cycle life. High-safety lithium iron phosphate batteries have lower energy density and higher application costs.

[0008] Fourth, the common defects of single use of lead-acid, zinc-silver and lithium batteries mainly include: single power supply is difficult to meet the demand of long-term deep-sea ( > 1 year), wide temperature range (- 2 ~ 30℃) and pulse load; and it is difficult to maintain, and the failed battery is difficult to recover; the high-pressure sealing technology still has defects and leakage risks. In the future, new power systems such as solid-state batteries and metal-seawater batteries still need to be developed to break through the existing bottlenecks.

[0009] Direct sodium borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) can achieve high open-circuit voltage of 1.64V through direct catalytic reaction, and also has advantages of high efficiency, environmental protection, normal temperature operation, compact structure and high specific energy density, which is highly adapted to the demand of portable power supply of deep-sea submersible marker. Due to the development of proton exchange membrane technology, the energy density is increased by 10 times of lithium battery, and the zero-carbon low noise is less than 40dB. The theoretical energy density of DBFC is 9300Wh / kg, the working temperature range is 0 ~ 50℃, and the space utilization rate of battery cabin is effectively improved through hydrolysis power supply, which is an ideal power supply for long-endurance deep-sea equipment and shows significant potential in the field of communication. However, the existing technology rarely applies DBFC to deep-sea submersible marker equipment, and lacks related devices and mature methods. SUMMARY

[0010] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a fully enclosed deep-sea submersible marker device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell, which solves the technical problems that the single lead-acid, zinc-silver storage battery or lithium battery power supply commonly used in the prior art in deep-sea submersible marker leads to insufficient long-endurance capability of submersible marker power supply in deep-sea low temperature environment, frequent battery replacement and high long-term operation cost.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions to achieve it:

[0012] A fully enclosed deep-sea submersible marker device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell, comprising a watertight pressure hull, the watertight pressure hull is a fully enclosed structure; the sealed cavity in the watertight pressure hull is divided into an instrument cabin, a fuel cell cabin, a liquid pump cabin and a fuel storage cabin.

[0013] The instrument cabin is used for setting the detection instrument.

[0014] The fuel cell cabin is provided with at least one fuel cell and at least one lithium battery; the fuel cell and the lithium battery are electrically connected with the detection instrument respectively, the fuel cell serves as the main power supply, and the lithium battery serves as the backup power supply to provide the required power for the detection instrument.

[0015] The fuel storage cabin is provided with at least one negative electrode fuel storage bag and at least one positive electrode fuel storage bag; the negative electrode fuel storage bag and the positive electrode fuel storage bag are used for containing the fuel required by the fuel cell and the waste liquid generated after the fuel reaction.

[0016] The negative fuel storage bag has two independent cavities, one of which is a negative fuel waste liquid cavity, and the other is a negative fuel cavity; the negative fuel cavity contains negative fuel, which is sodium borohydride solution.

[0017] The positive fuel storage bag has two independent cavities, one of which is a positive fuel waste liquid cavity, and the other is a positive fuel cavity; the positive fuel cavity contains positive fuel, which is hydrogen peroxide solution.

[0018] The application also has the following technical features:

[0019] Specifically, the mass fraction of the sodium borohydride solution is 10-30wt%, preferably 20wt%, and the solvent is ethanol or ethylene glycol; the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 20-80wt%, preferably 30wt%, and the solvent is water.

[0020] Specifically, the liquid pump cabin is provided with at least four liquid pumps; the liquid pumps are used to drive the flow of fuel and waste liquid generated after the reaction of fuel, and to pump out the waste liquid to the external environment during maintenance.

[0021] Specifically, the fuel cell includes a fuel cell positive cavity and a fuel cell negative cavity, and the fuel cell positive cavity and the fuel cell negative cavity are completely independent.

[0022] Specifically, the liquid inlet end of the negative fuel cavity of the negative fuel storage bag is connected to the external environment through a negative fuel liquid exchange pipe, the liquid outlet end of the negative fuel cavity is connected to the liquid inlet end of the fuel cell negative cavity of the fuel cell through a negative fuel delivery pipe, and a liquid pump is arranged on the negative fuel delivery pipe; the liquid outlet end of the fuel cell negative cavity is connected to the liquid inlet end of the negative fuel waste liquid cavity of the negative fuel storage bag through a negative waste liquid delivery pipe, the liquid outlet end of the negative fuel waste liquid cavity is connected to the external environment through a negative waste liquid discharge pipe, and a liquid pump is arranged on the negative waste liquid discharge pipe.

[0023] Specifically, the liquid inlet end of the positive fuel cavity of the positive fuel storage bag is connected to the external environment through a positive fuel liquid exchange pipe, the liquid outlet end of the positive fuel cavity is connected to the liquid inlet end of the fuel cell positive cavity of the fuel cell through a positive fuel delivery pipe, and a liquid pump is arranged on the positive fuel delivery pipe; the liquid outlet end of the fuel cell positive cavity is connected to the liquid inlet end of the positive fuel waste liquid cavity of the positive fuel storage bag through a positive waste liquid delivery pipe, the liquid outlet end of the positive fuel waste liquid cavity is connected to the external environment through a positive waste liquid discharge pipe, and a liquid pump is arranged on the positive waste liquid discharge pipe.

[0024] Specifically, the water-tight pressure-resistant shell comprises a shell body, both axial ends of the shell body are open, the shell body is a hollow cylindrical structure, an upper end cover is installed at one axial end of the shell body, and a lower end cover is installed at the other axial end of the shell body; a closed space surrounded by the shell body, the upper end cover and the lower end cover is a shell inner cavity.

[0025] Specifically, a plurality of partitions are coaxially arranged in the water-tight pressure-resistant shell, including an inner top plate, an instrument cabin layer plate, a fuel cell cabin layer plate, a liquid pump cabin layer plate, a plurality of fuel storage cabin layer plates and an inner bottom plate; the inner top plate, the instrument cabin layer plate, the fuel cell cabin layer plate, the liquid pump cabin layer plate, the fuel storage cabin layer plates and the inner bottom plate are parallel to each other and parallel to the upper end cover and the lower end cover; a plurality of struts are arranged in the water-tight pressure-resistant shell along the axial direction, the plurality of struts are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper end cover and the lower end cover; the plurality of struts penetrate the instrument cabin layer plate, the fuel cell cabin layer plate, the liquid pump cabin layer plate and the plurality of fuel storage cabin layer plates, the top ends of the plurality of struts are fixedly arranged on the inner top plate, and the bottom ends of the plurality of struts are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom plate; a space surrounded by the inner top plate, the shell body and the instrument cabin layer plate is an instrument cabin; a space surrounded by the instrument cabin layer plate, the shell body and the fuel cell cabin layer plate is a fuel cell cabin; a space surrounded by the fuel cell cabin layer plate, the shell body and the liquid pump cabin layer plate is a liquid pump cabin; and a space surrounded by the liquid pump cabin layer plate, the shell body and the inner bottom plate is a fuel storage cabin.

[0026] Specifically, an exhaust valve is arranged on the shell body.

[0027] Specifically, four through holes are formed in the upper end cover, and four through holes are formed in the inner top plate, the four through holes in the upper end cover and the four through holes in the inner top plate correspond to each other and are respectively used as a liquid injection port, a liquid extraction port, an electrical interface and a communication interface; a negative fuel liquid replacement pipe and a positive fuel liquid replacement pipe are arranged in the liquid injection port; a negative waste liquid discharge pipe and a positive waste liquid discharge pipe are arranged in the liquid extraction port; and cables are arranged in the electrical interface and the communication interface.

[0028] Specifically, the through holes are threaded holes, the negative fuel liquid replacement pipe, the positive fuel liquid replacement pipe, the negative waste liquid discharge pipe, the positive waste liquid discharge pipe and the cables are fixed in the through holes by using waterproof joints with threads, and O-shaped sealing rings are arranged on the bottoms of the waterproof joints.

[0029] Specifically, a temperature sensor is arranged in the fuel cell cabin, and the temperature sensor is installed on the bottom surface of the instrument cabin layer plate.

[0030] Specifically, a pressure transmitter is arranged in the fuel cell cabin, and the pressure transmitter is installed on the top surface of the fuel cell cabin layer plate.

[0031] Specific, the fuel cell cabin is provided with a plurality of transfer tanks, a plurality of transfer tanks are installed on the top surface of the fuel cell cabin layer plate.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical effects:

[0033] (I) The full-closed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell makes full use of the low reaction condition requirement of sodium borohydride and hydrogen peroxide, and perfectly meets the requirements of pressure resistance, low-temperature resistance, and long endurance time of deep-sea equipment.

[0034] (II) The full-closed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell adopts a dual-power supply mode of direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as the main power supply and lithium battery as the auxiliary power supply, effectively avoids the limitations of using a single power supply, and guarantees the quick start-stop and voltage stability of the fuel cell system power supply through the introduction of lithium battery, thereby greatly improving the long-endurance stability of the electronic cabin.

[0035] (III) As described above, the present application uses direct sodium borohydride fuel cell and lithium battery as dual power supply, replaces the single lead-acid, zinc-silver storage battery or lithium battery commonly used in deep-sea buoys, and at the same time, makes use of the high specific energy density advantage of direct sodium borohydride fuel cell itself, improves the endurance capability of the buoy power supply in deep-sea low-temperature environment, avoids frequent battery replacement, and reduces long-term operation cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the full-closed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the full-closed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a front view of the full-closed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a top view of the full-closed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle framework of the full-closed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the fuel storage bag.

[0042] The meanings of the reference numbers in the figure are as follows: 1 - watertight pressure hull, 2 - instrument cabin, 3 - fuel cell cabin, 4 - liquid pump cabin, 5 - fuel storage cabin, 6 - fuel cell, 7 - lithium battery, 8 - liquid pump, 9 - negative electrode fuel storage bag, 10 - positive electrode fuel storage bag, 11 - inner top plate, 12 - instrument cabin layer plate, 13 - fuel cell cabin layer plate, 14 - liquid pump cabin layer plate, 15 - fuel storage cabin layer plate, 16 - inner bottom plate, 17 - exhaust valve, 18 - through hole, 19 - temperature sensor, 20 - pressure transmitter, 21 - transfer tank, 22 - liquid pump fixing plate, 23 - support column.

[0043] 101 - shell body, 102 - upper end cover, 103 - lower end cover.

[0044] The specific content of the present application is further explained in detail in combination with the following examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] It should be noted that all parts, fuels and instruments in the present application, in the absence of special instructions, all use parts, fuels and instruments known in the art. For example:

[0046] The detection instrument uses conventional detection instruments known in the prior art, including acoustic Doppler current profiler ADCP, conductivity-temperature-depth profiler CTD, current meter, etc. ADCP mainly uses acoustic Doppler effect to non-contact measure the vertical profile of water body by emitting acoustic waves and receiving echoes, and obtains the flow rate variation at different depths. CTD is to measure the conductivity, temperature and pressure data of the water body obtained by single profile operation, calculate the salinity, depth, sound speed and other data, and study the physical and chemical properties and water layer structure of the water body. The current meter is used to measure the flow rate and direction of the water body, and accurately quantifies the motion characteristics of the water body according to the real-time obtained water flow velocity and direction.

[0047] The exhaust valve 17 uses a conventional electromagnetic exhaust valve 17 known in the prior art.

[0048] The liquid pump 8 uses a conventional liquid peristaltic pump known in the prior art.

[0049] The control circuit board uses a conventional single-chip microcomputer known in the prior art.

[0050] The following gives specific embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the present application is not limited to the following specific embodiments, any equivalent transformation made on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application falls within the protection scope of the present application.

[0051] Embodiment:

[0052] This embodiment gives a kind of full-enclosed deep-sea buoy device based on direct sodium borohydride fuel cell, such as Figure 1 And Figure 2As shown, it comprises a water-tight pressure-resistant shell 1, which is a fully enclosed structure; the sealed cavity inside the water-tight pressure-resistant shell 1 is divided into an instrument cabin 2, a fuel cell cabin 3, a liquid pump cabin 4 and a fuel storage cabin 5. The instrument cabin 2 is used for setting up detection instruments; the fuel cell cabin 3 is provided with a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 and a lithium battery 7; the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 and the lithium battery 7 are respectively electrically connected with the detection instruments, the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 serves as a main power supply, and the lithium battery 7 serves as a backup power supply, which provides required electric power for the detection instruments. The liquid pump cabin 4 is provided with four liquid pumps 8; the liquid pumps 8 are used for driving the flow of fuel and waste liquid generated after the reaction of the fuel, and for pumping out the waste liquid to the outside environment during maintenance; the fuel storage cabin 5 is provided with a negative fuel storage bag 9 and a positive fuel storage bag 10; the negative fuel storage bag 9 and the positive fuel storage bag 10 are used for containing fuel required by the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 and waste liquid generated after the reaction of the fuel.

[0053] In this embodiment, the fuel cell cabin 3 and the fuel storage cabin 5 are connected through a pipeline, the input of positive and negative electrode solutions to the fuel cell is adjusted and controlled through the liquid pumps 8 in the liquid pump cabin 4, which supports the continuous and stable reaction; the fuel storage cabin 5 and the fuel cell cabin 3 are connected through a cable, which supports the direct power supply of the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 to each instrument in the cabin, and in the case of high power, the lithium battery 7 can be used to output stable high-voltage electric energy to each instrument in the cabin.

[0054] As a specific scheme of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The negative fuel storage bag 9 has two independent cavities, one of which is a negative fuel waste liquid cavity, and the other of which is a negative fuel cavity; the negative fuel cavity contains negative fuel, which is sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solution; the positive fuel storage bag 10 has two independent cavities, one of which is a positive fuel waste liquid cavity, and the other of which is a positive fuel cavity; the positive fuel cavity contains positive fuel, which is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution.

[0055] In this embodiment, the fuel waste liquid cavity and the negative fuel cavity of the fuel storage bag are respectively used for storing fuel before the reaction and waste liquid after the reaction, almost all the space is used for storing reaction solution before power supply, and the generated waste liquid is used to replace the consumed solution space, which guarantees the overall invariability while maximizing the use of the accommodation space of the electronic cabin, and provides the longest continuous cruising time for the power supply of the fuel cell.

[0056] As a specific scheme of this embodiment, the mass fraction of the sodium borohydride solution is 20wt%, and the solvent is ethanol; the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 30wt%, and the solvent is water.

[0057] As a specific solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The current output end of the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 is connected with the control circuit board, the control circuit board receives the current signal, and the lithium battery 7 and the liquid pump 8 are controlled according to the feedback of the load.

[0058] As a specific solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 is connected with the DC-DC converter, and the DC-DC converter is connected with the lithium battery 7, so as to stabilize the output voltage of the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6; and the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 is also connected with the instrument load, so as to directly provide electric energy.

[0059] As a specific solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 comprises a fuel cell positive pole cavity and a fuel cell negative pole cavity, and the fuel cell positive pole cavity and the fuel cell negative pole cavity are completely independent and only indirectly connected through the ion-conducting electrolyte.

[0060] As a specific solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The liquid inlet end of the negative pole fuel cavity of the negative pole fuel storage bag 9 is connected with the external environment through the negative pole fuel liquid exchange pipe, the liquid outlet end of the negative pole fuel cavity is connected with the liquid inlet end of the fuel cell negative pole cavity of the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 through the negative pole fuel delivery pipe, and a liquid pump 8 is arranged on the negative pole fuel delivery pipe; the liquid outlet end of the fuel cell negative pole cavity is connected with the liquid inlet end of the negative pole fuel waste liquid cavity of the negative pole fuel storage bag 9 through the negative pole waste liquid delivery pipe, the liquid outlet end of the negative pole fuel waste liquid cavity is connected with the external environment through the negative pole waste liquid discharge pipe, and a liquid pump 8 is arranged on the negative pole waste liquid discharge pipe; the liquid inlet end of the positive pole fuel cavity of the positive pole fuel storage bag 10 is connected with the external environment through the positive pole fuel liquid exchange pipe.

[0061] As a specific solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The liquid outlet end of the positive pole fuel cavity is connected with the liquid inlet end of the fuel cell positive pole cavity of the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 through the positive pole fuel delivery pipe, and a liquid pump 8 is arranged on the positive pole fuel delivery pipe; the liquid outlet end of the fuel cell positive pole cavity is connected with the liquid inlet end of the positive pole fuel waste liquid cavity of the positive pole fuel storage bag 10 through the positive pole waste liquid delivery pipe, the liquid outlet end of the positive pole fuel waste liquid cavity is connected with the external environment through the positive pole waste liquid discharge pipe, and a liquid pump 8 is arranged on the positive pole waste liquid discharge pipe.

[0062] As a specific solution of the embodiment, the negative pole fuel liquid exchange pipe, the negative pole fuel delivery pipe, the negative pole waste liquid delivery pipe, the negative pole waste liquid discharge pipe, the positive pole fuel liquid exchange pipe, the positive pole fuel delivery pipe, the positive pole waste liquid delivery pipe and the positive pole waste liquid discharge pipe are all flexible pipes.

[0063] As a specific solution of the embodiment, the negative fuel storage bag 9 and the positive fuel storage bag 10 are made of flexible material selected from one or more of red mud rubber, fluororubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber, silicone rubber and thermoplastic polyurethane. In the embodiment, flexible double-chamber storage bags are used to maximize the use of the cabin space by volume displacement, thereby increasing the carrying capacity of the fuel solution to support longer working endurance.

[0064] As a specific solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 The water-tight pressure-resistant shell 1 includes a shell body 101, both axial ends of the shell body 101 are open, the shell body 101 is a hollow cylindrical structure, an upper end cover 102 is installed at one axial end of the shell body 101, and a lower end cover 103 is installed at the other axial end of the shell body 101; the closed space surrounded by the shell body 101, the upper end cover 102 and the lower end cover 103 is the shell inner cavity. In the embodiment, according to the actual working depth requirements of different buoys, a water-tight pressure-resistant shell 1 with suitable shape, structure and material is selected to ensure sufficient strength, rigidity, corrosion resistance and the like.

[0065] As a specific solution of the embodiment, the upper end cover 102 and the lower end cover 103 are installed at the upper and lower ends of the water-tight pressure-resistant shell by fixing bolts, and a rubber sealing gasket is arranged in the embedded slot.

[0066] As a specific solution of the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the water-tight pressure hull 1 is coaxially provided with multiple partitions, including an inner top plate 11, an instrument cabin layer plate 12, a fuel cell cabin layer plate 13, a liquid pump cabin layer plate 14, multiple fuel storage cabin layer plates 15, and an inner bottom plate 16; the inner top plate 11, the instrument cabin layer plate 12, the fuel cell cabin layer plate 13, the liquid pump cabin layer plate 14, the fuel storage cabin layer plates 15, and the inner bottom plate 16 are parallel to each other and to the upper end cover 102 and the lower end cover 103; the water-tight pressure hull 1 is provided with multiple struts 23 along the axial direction, which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the upper end cover 102 and the lower end cover 103; the multiple struts 23 pass through the instrument cabin layer plate 12, the fuel cell cabin layer plate 13, the liquid pump cabin layer plate 14, and the multiple fuel storage cabin layer plates 15, with the top ends of the multiple struts 23 fixedly arranged on the inner top plate 11 and the bottom ends fixedly arranged on the inner bottom plate 16; the space surrounded by the inner top plate 11, the main body 101 of the shell, and the instrument cabin layer plate 12 is the instrument cabin 2; the space surrounded by the instrument cabin layer plate 12, the main body 101 of the shell, and the fuel cell cabin layer plate 13 is the fuel cell cabin 3; the space surrounded by the fuel cell cabin layer plate 13, the main body 101 of the shell, and the liquid pump cabin layer plate 14 is the liquid pump cabin 4; and the space surrounded by the liquid pump cabin layer plate 14, the main body 101 of the shell, and the inner bottom plate 16 is the fuel storage cabin 5. In this embodiment, the space in the water-tight pressure hull 1 is divided into multiple cabins by the partitions, and the bracket structure formed by the partitions and the struts 23 can fix various components and instruments, thereby ensuring the stability of the device as a whole.

[0067] As a specific solution of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 The multiple fuel storage cabin layer plates 15 are uniformly arranged in the fuel storage cabin 5 from top to bottom, and are used to fix the negative fuel storage bag 9 and the positive fuel storage bag 10.

[0068] As a specific solution of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the housing body 101 is provided with an exhaust valve 17. In this embodiment, the exhaust valve 17 is made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength material (such as titanium alloy), and is a one-way valve to prevent reverse water seepage. The functions of the exhaust valve 17 include: first, by controlling the inflow and outflow of gas or liquid, it helps to adjust the buoyancy of the device. Second, in the deep-sea environment where the water pressure is extremely high, the exhaust valve 17 can balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the subsurface buoy, preventing the structure from deforming or being damaged due to pressure difference; for example, during the subsurface buoy diving process, the exhaust valve 17 allows gas to be discharged, avoiding the rupture of the sealed cavity due to the sudden increase of external pressure. Third, when the internal gas expands due to temperature change or chemical reaction, the exhaust valve 17 can act as a safety device to automatically release excess pressure, protecting the equipment from high pressure impact and prolonging the service life. Fourth, during the deployment stage of the device, the exhaust valve 17 discharges air to speed up the injection of seawater, ensuring that the subsurface buoy quickly sinks to the target depth; when recovered, it can increase the buoyancy by discharging liquid or introducing gas, facilitating the equipment to float to the water surface.

[0069] As a specific solution of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4 The upper end cover 102 is provided with four through holes 18, and the inner top plate 11 is also provided with four through holes 18. The four through holes 18 on the upper end cover 102 and the four through holes 18 on the inner top plate 11 correspond one by one and are respectively used as liquid injection ports, liquid extraction ports, electrical interfaces and communication interfaces. The liquid injection ports are provided with negative and positive fuel replacement pipes to input new fuel from the outside into the negative and positive fuel storage bags 9 and 10. The liquid extraction ports are provided with negative and positive waste liquid discharge pipes to discharge the reacted fuel waste liquid in the negative and positive fuel storage bags 9 and 10 to the outside. The electrical interfaces and communication interfaces are provided with cables to connect the detection instrument and external equipment for data collection.

[0070] As a specific solution of this embodiment, the through holes 18 are threaded holes, and the negative and positive fuel replacement pipes, the negative and positive waste liquid discharge pipes and the cables are installed in the through holes 18 by using waterproof joints with threads. The bottom of the waterproof joint is provided with an O-ring. When the waterproof joint is tightened into the through hole 18, the O-ring is located in the annular gap between the through hole 18 and the waterproof joint and is extruded, thereby realizing radial sealing.

[0071] As a specific solution of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the fuel cell cabin 3 is provided with a temperature sensor 19, which is installed on the bottom surface of the instrument cabin layer plate 12; the fuel cell cabin 3 is provided with a pressure transmitter 20, which is installed on the top surface of the fuel cell cabin layer plate 13. In this embodiment, the collection end of the pressure transmitter 20 is connected with the inner wall of the fuel cell cabin 3, and the receiving end of the pressure transmitter 20 is connected with the control circuit board; the collection end of the temperature sensor 19 is connected with the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6, and the receiving end of the temperature sensor 19 is connected with the control circuit board. The pressure transmitter 20 and the temperature sensor 19 collect the pressure and temperature data in the fuel cell cabin 3 and feed back to the control circuit board, so as to monitor the system working condition and control the opening and closing of the lithium battery 7 and the liquid pump 8.

[0072] As a specific solution of this embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the fuel cell cabin 3 is provided with a plurality of transfer tanks 21, which are installed on the top surface of the fuel cell cabin layer plate 13. In this embodiment, the transfer tank 21 is used to buffer the output rate of the waste liquid to the fuel cell cabin 3, and the pressure transmitter 20 and the temperature sensor 19 are used to monitor the stability of the working environment in the cabin, so as to timely control the opening and closing of the auxiliary lithium power supply and the liquid pump.

[0073] As a specific solution of this embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the liquid pump cabin 4 is provided with a pair of liquid pump fixing plates 22, which are perpendicular to the liquid pump cabin layer plate 14, and the upper and lower sides of the liquid pump fixing plate 22 are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the fuel cell cabin layer plate 13 and the top surface of the liquid pump cabin layer plate 14; two liquid pumps 8 are respectively fixed on each liquid pump fixing plate 22.

[0074] The working principle and process of the present application are as follows:

[0075] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 Before the fully-enclosed deep-sea buoy device enters the water, sufficient fuel required for reaction is injected into the negative fuel storage bag 9 and the positive fuel storage bag 10 in the fuel cell cabin 3 from the external environment; during work, the control circuit board switches and adjusts the mode of direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 direct power supply and lithium battery 7 power supply according to the actual power demand of the equipment load. The control circuit board is responsible for connecting the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell 6 and the lithium battery 7, collecting the working voltage, current and other data of the system, controlling the opening and closing of the power conversion circuit, and managing the transmission channel of RS232 / RS485 communication data.

Claims

1. A fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell, comprising a fully enclosed watertight pressure-resistant shell (1); characterized in that: The sealed cavity inside the watertight pressure-resistant housing (1) includes an instrument compartment (2), a fuel cell compartment (3), and a fuel storage compartment (5). The instrument compartment (2) is used to house the detection instruments; The fuel cell compartment (3) is equipped with at least one direct sodium borohydride fuel cell (6) and at least one lithium battery (7); the direct sodium borohydride fuel cell (6) serves as the main power source and the lithium battery (7) serves as the backup power source, and they are electrically connected to the detection instrument respectively. The fuel storage compartment (5) is provided with at least one negative fuel storage bag (9) and at least one positive fuel storage bag (10). Each of the aforementioned negative electrode fuel storage bags (9) has two independent cavities, one of which is a negative electrode fuel waste liquid cavity and the other is a negative electrode fuel cavity, wherein the negative electrode fuel contained in the negative electrode fuel cavity is a sodium borohydride solution. Each of the aforementioned positive electrode fuel storage bags (10) has two independent cavities, one of which is a positive electrode fuel waste liquid cavity and the other is a positive electrode fuel cavity.

2. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positive electrode fuel contained in the positive electrode fuel chamber is a hydrogen peroxide solution.

3. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sealed cavity inside the watertight pressure-resistant shell (1) also includes a liquid pump chamber (4); the liquid pump chamber (4) is equipped with at least four liquid pumps (8).

4. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The direct sodium borohydride fuel cell (6) includes a positive electrode cavity and a negative electrode cavity that are independent of each other; The inlet end of the negative electrode fuel chamber is connected to the outside through a negative electrode fuel exchange pipe, and the outlet end of the negative electrode fuel chamber is connected to the inlet end of the negative electrode chamber through a liquid pump (8); the outlet end of the negative electrode chamber is connected to the inlet end of the negative electrode fuel waste liquid chamber, and the outlet end of the negative electrode fuel waste liquid chamber is connected to the outside through a negative electrode waste liquid discharge pipe, on which a liquid pump (8) is installed. The inlet end of the positive electrode fuel chamber is connected to the outside through the positive electrode fuel exchange pipe, and the outlet end of the positive electrode fuel chamber is connected to the inlet end of the positive electrode chamber through a liquid pump (8); the outlet end of the positive electrode chamber is connected to the inlet end of the positive electrode fuel waste liquid chamber, and the outlet end of the positive electrode fuel waste liquid chamber is connected to the outside through the positive electrode waste liquid discharge pipe, and a liquid pump (8) is installed on the positive electrode waste liquid discharge pipe.

5. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The watertight pressure-resistant shell (1) includes a shell body (101), which is a hollow cylinder with openings at both ends, and an upper end cover and a lower end cover (103) are installed at both ends respectively.

6. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 5, characterized in that, An exhaust valve (17) is provided on the main body (101) of the housing.

7. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end cap (102) has four through holes (18), which are respectively used as a liquid injection port, a liquid extraction port, an electrical interface and a communication interface; The injection port is equipped with a negative electrode fuel exchange pipe and a positive electrode fuel exchange pipe; the extraction port is equipped with a negative electrode waste liquid discharge pipe and a positive electrode waste liquid discharge pipe; and the electrical interface and communication interface are equipped with cables.

8. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The through hole (18) is a threaded hole. A threaded waterproof connector is used to fix the negative electrode fuel exchange pipe, positive electrode fuel exchange pipe, negative electrode waste liquid discharge pipe, positive electrode waste liquid discharge pipe and cable in the through hole (18). An O-ring is provided on the bottom of the waterproof connector.

9. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature sensor (19) is installed inside the fuel cell compartment (3).

10. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell compartment (3) is equipped with a pressure transmission (20).

11. The fully enclosed deep-sea mooring device based on a direct sodium borohydride fuel cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell compartment (3) is equipped with multiple transfer tanks (21).

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