Large-sized wind power single-blade mounting device in alpine region

Abstract

The invention discloses an alpine region large-sized wind power single blade mounting device which comprises a main body frame and a control system, a hoisting plate used for hoisting is arranged above the main body frame, and a plurality of adjusting assemblies used for adjusting the distance are arranged between the hoisting plate and the main body frame. A gravity clamping assembly and a hydraulic clamping assembly which are used for clamping blades are arranged on the main body frame, and the adjusting assembly and the hydraulic clamping assembly are both connected with a control system. The gravity clamping assembly preliminarily clamps and fixes the blade through gravity, the hydraulic clamping assembly further clamps the blade through hydraulic drive, and it is ensured that the blade is stably hoisted in the high and cold environment. According to the device, passive clamping is achieved through the gravity clamping assembly, active clamping is achieved through the hydraulic clamping assembly, and the clamping reliability is improved through double clamping; dynamic adjustment of the blades is achieved through the adjusting assembly, and blade installation is facilitated; and the safety and convenience of blade hoisting in the alpine region are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wind turbine blade hoisting technology, and in particular to a single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power generation is an important form of wind energy utilization. It converts the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical kinetic energy, and then into electrical energy. Wind turbines rotate under the influence of wind, converting the kinetic energy of the wind into the mechanical energy of the turbine shaft, which in turn drives a generator to produce electricity. Wind power is a clean energy technology that converts wind energy into electricity. It is renewable, has low carbon emissions, and is one of the core areas of global energy transition.

[0003] As wind turbines become larger, traditional integral installation faces challenges: the increased windward area of ​​the large rotor makes lateral loads more likely to exceed the crane's lateral resistance limit, and ground assembly requires a large area of ​​leveled land, which is difficult to implement in high-altitude mountainous and forested areas. Single-blade installation significantly reduces site requirements through segmented operations, reducing vegetation damage and earthwork excavation and filling by more than 30%; the maximum wind speed for installation is increased from 8 m / s to 10 m / s, extending the short construction window in high-altitude and cold regions and reducing cost risks.

[0004] Existing single-blade installation devices typically use hydraulic systems to drive clamping arms to hold the blade against its side, achieving the lifting of the blade. This clamping method is relatively simple and may pose significant risks in complex environments. Therefore, a new single-blade installation device for large wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to propose a single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions, aiming to solve the problem that the clamping method of existing single-blade hoisting installation devices is relatively simple and may pose a significant risk in complex environments.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present application proposes a single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions, comprising: a main frame and a control system; a lifting plate for lifting is provided above the main frame; multiple adjustment components for adjusting the spacing are provided between the lifting plate and the main frame; a gravity clamping component and a hydraulic clamping component for clamping the blade are provided on the main frame; and the adjustment components and the hydraulic clamping components are both connected to the control system.

[0007] Optionally, the main frame includes a top support and a bottom support arranged in parallel. The top support and the bottom support are fixedly connected by a connecting beam. A C-shaped clamping area for placing the blade is formed between the top support, the bottom support and the connecting beam. The gravity clamping assembly and the hydraulic clamping assembly are both disposed in the clamping area.

[0008] Optionally, the gravity clamping assembly includes a support block disposed at the opening of the clamping area and a clamping arm disposed near the top support. The support block is fixedly mounted on the bottom support. The first end of the clamping arm is hinged to the connecting beam. A chain plate assembly for placing the blade is hinged between the clamping arm and the support block near the first end. An elastic clamping plate is disposed below the clamping arm. The middle of the clamping plate is hinged to the clamping arm near the second end. A tension spring is fixedly connected between the second end of the clamping arm and the top support.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of elastic telescopic rods are provided between the clamping arm and the clamping plate. The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the clamping arm, and the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod is rotatably mounted with a roller, which abuts against the clamping plate.

[0010] Optionally, an upper flexible plate and a lower flexible plate are further provided between the gravity clamping components. The upper flexible plate is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the clamping plate, the first end of the lower flexible plate is placed on the chain plate assembly, and the second end of the lower flexible plate is fixedly connected to the support block.

[0011] Optionally, the hydraulic clamping assembly includes a plurality of first hydraulic telescopic rods, the fixed ends of the first hydraulic telescopic rods being fixedly mounted on the top support, and the telescopic ends of the first hydraulic telescopic rods facing downwards and hinged to the pressure plate.

[0012] Optionally, a counterweight area is formed on the side opposite to the clamping area between the top support, the bottom support, and the connecting beam. The counterweight area has multiple counterweight positions along the length of the blade. Each counterweight position is used to horizontally stack several counterweight blocks. A mounting plate is fixedly installed in the counterweight area. A snap-fit ​​structure is provided at the upper end of the mounting plate corresponding to each counterweight position and counterweight block. The snap-fit ​​structure is also provided between the upper ends of adjacent stacked counterweight blocks. A limiting structure is provided at the lower end of each counterweight position corresponding to the counterweight block. The mounting plate is connected in the middle of multiple counterweight blocks at the same counterweight position by bolts.

[0013] Optionally, the snap-fit ​​structure includes a snap-fit ​​hole, which is formed on the top surface of the mounting plate and the top surface of the counterweight. A through groove is formed through the side of the snap-fit ​​hole, the width of which is smaller than the diameter of the snap-fit ​​hole. A snap-fit ​​element is provided on the side of the counterweight corresponding to the snap-fit ​​hole. A receiving groove for accommodating the snap-fit ​​element is formed on the side of the counterweight corresponding to the snap-fit ​​element. The snap-fit ​​element includes a spherical snap-fit ​​part and a cylindrical connecting part. The connecting part is rotatably connected to the receiving groove via a rotating shaft. An inclined surface is formed at the opening of the snap-fit ​​hole and the upper end of the through groove to guide the snap-fit ​​element into place.

[0014] Optionally, the limiting structure includes a limiting block fixed on the counterweight position. The limiting block has a structure with a smaller upper end and a larger lower end, and each side of the limiting block is an isosceles trapezoidal inclined surface. The top surface of the limiting block is an arc-shaped curved surface structure, and a limiting groove matching the limiting block is provided on the bottom surface of the counterweight block.

[0015] Optionally, the adjusting assembly includes a winding structure and a wire rope. The winding structure includes a housing, which is fixedly mounted on the main frame. A winding wheel is rotatably mounted inside the housing, and the wire rope is wound on the winding wheel. The outer end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the corresponding position on the lifting plate. One end of the winding wheel is connected to a worm gear via a rotating shaft. A worm gear meshing with the worm gear is rotatably arranged inside the housing. A motor is arranged on the outside of the housing, and the output shaft of the motor extends into the housing and is fixedly connected to the worm gear.

[0016] This technical solution utilizes a main frame and a control system. A lifting plate is mounted on top of the main frame for hoisting, and multiple adjustment components are installed between the lifting plate and the main frame to adjust the spacing. Gravity clamping components and hydraulic clamping components are mounted on the main frame to hold the blades. Both the adjustment components and the hydraulic clamping components are connected to the control system. This device supports the wind turbine blades via the main frame, and the control system coordinates the operation of the adjustment components and the hydraulic clamping components. During hoisting, the lifting plate is connected to the hoisting equipment, and the adjustment components adjust the spacing between the lifting plate and the main frame to accommodate the hoisting angle. The gravity clamping components initially clamp and fix the blades using gravity, while the hydraulic clamping components further tighten the blades via hydraulic drive, ensuring stable hoisting in cold environments. During installation, the adjustment components adjust the spacing between the lifting plate and the main frame at different positions, allowing the blades to achieve pitch adjustment and rotational positioning in the air. Combined with existing rotating structures (which can be installed between the hoisting equipment and the lifting plate), three-dimensional attitude control of the blades can be achieved. The device achieves passive clamping through a gravity clamping component and active clamping through a hydraulic clamping component, with dual clamping improving clamping reliability; the adjustment component enables dynamic adjustment of the blades, facilitating blade installation; effectively improving the safety and convenience of blade hoisting in high-altitude and cold regions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view structural schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions according to this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of the first embodiment of the single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions according to this application. Figure 3 This is a rear view structural schematic diagram of the single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions, as per this application. Figure 4 This application pertains to the installation device for a single blade of a large-scale wind turbine in high-altitude and cold regions. Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 5 This application pertains to the installation device for a single blade of a large-scale wind turbine in high-altitude and cold regions. Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point B; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gravity clamping component in the single-blade installation device for large wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions, as described in this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limit block in the single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions, as described in this application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions according to this application. Figure 9 This application pertains to the installation device for a single blade of a large-scale wind turbine in high-altitude and cold regions. Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point C.

[0019] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Main frame; 101. Top support; 102. Bottom support; 103. Connecting beam; 104. Clamping area; 105. Counterweight area; 2. Lifting plate; 201. First lifting ring; 3. Adjustment assembly; 310. Second hydraulic telescopic rod; 320. Spherical hinge structure; 321. Hinge seat; 322. Hinge groove; 323. Hinge block; 330. Rewinding structure; 331. Shell; 332. Rewinding wheel; 334. Worm gear; 335. Worm; 340. Wire rope; 4. Gravity clamping assembly; 401. Support block; 402. Clamping arm; 403. 1. Chain plate assembly; 404. Pull rod; 405. Clamping plate; 406. Tension spring; 420. Elastic telescopic rod; 421. Roller; 430. Upper flexible plate; 440. Lower flexible plate; 5. Hydraulic clamping assembly; 501. First hydraulic telescopic rod; 502. Pressure plate; 6. Counterweight block; 601. Second lifting ring; 7. Mounting plate; 8. Snap-fit ​​structure; 801. Snap-fit ​​hole; 802. Through groove; 803. Snap-fit ​​piece; 804. Receiving groove; 805. Inclined surface; 9. Limiting structure; 901. Limiting block; 902. Limiting groove; 10. Bolt; 11. Blade.

[0020] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0023] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0024] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if the word "and / or" appears throughout the text, it means including three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0025] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this application, provided that they do not affect the effects and purposes that this application can produce.

[0026] As wind turbines become larger, traditional integral installation faces challenges: the increased windward area of ​​the large rotor makes lateral loads more likely to exceed the crane's lateral resistance limit, and ground assembly requires a large area of ​​leveled land, which is difficult to implement in high-altitude mountainous and forested areas. Single-blade installation significantly reduces site requirements through segmented operations, reducing vegetation damage and earthwork excavation and filling by more than 30%; the maximum wind speed for installation is increased from 8 m / s to 10 m / s, extending the short construction window in high-altitude and cold regions and reducing cost risks.

[0027] Existing single-blade installation devices typically use hydraulic systems to drive clamping arms to hold the blade against its side, achieving the lifting of the blade. This clamping method is relatively simple and may pose significant risks in complex environments. Therefore, a new single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions needs to be designed.

[0028] In view of this, this application proposes a single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0029] In the first embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figures 1 to 7The aforementioned large-scale wind turbine single-blade installation device for high-altitude and cold regions includes: a main frame 1 and a control system (not shown in the figure). A lifting plate 2 for lifting is set on the top of the main frame 1. Multiple adjustment components 3 for adjusting the spacing are evenly arranged between the lifting plate 2 and the main frame 1. A gravity clamping component 4 and a hydraulic clamping component 5 for clamping the blade 11 are set on the main frame 1. Two sets of gravity clamping components 4 and hydraulic clamping components 5 are provided for clamping the blade 11 at two positions respectively. The adjustment components 3 and the hydraulic clamping components 5 are both connected to the control system.

[0030] Specifically, the control system includes a hydraulic system and an electrical control system (existing technology). The hydraulic system and the electrical control system work together to achieve automated control of structures such as the adjustment component 3 and the hydraulic clamping component 5. Multiple first lifting rings 201 are evenly fixed on the lifting plate 2 to facilitate connection with the lifting equipment.

[0031] Specifically, this device supports the wind turbine blade 11 via the main frame 1, and the control system coordinates the operation of the adjustment component 3 and the hydraulic clamping component 5. During hoisting, the hoisting plate 2 is connected to the hoisting equipment, and the adjustment component 3 adjusts the distance between the hoisting plate 2 and the main frame 1 to adapt to the hoisting angle. The gravity clamping component 4 initially clamps and fixes the blade 11 using gravity, and the hydraulic clamping component 5 further clamps the blade 11 through hydraulic drive, ensuring stable hoisting of the blade 11 in cold environments. During installation, the adjustment component 3 adjusts the distance between the hoisting plate 2 and the main frame 1 at different positions, enabling the blade 11 to achieve pitch adjustment and rotation positioning in the air. Combined with the existing rotating structure (which can be set between the hoisting equipment and the hoisting plate 2), three-dimensional attitude control of the blade 11 can be achieved. This device achieves passive clamping through the gravity clamping component 4 and active clamping through the hydraulic clamping component 5, with dual clamping improving clamping reliability. The adjustment component 3 enables dynamic adjustment of the blade 11, facilitating the installation of the blade 11.

[0032] In this embodiment, the main frame 1 includes a top support 101 and a bottom support 102 arranged in parallel. The top support 101 and the bottom support 102 are fixedly connected by a connecting beam 103. Multiple reinforcing ribs are also provided between the top support 101 and the connecting beam 103, and between the bottom plate support and the connecting beam 103. A C-shaped clamping area 104 for placing the blade 11 is formed between the top support 101, the bottom support 102 and the connecting beam 103. The gravity clamping component 4 and the hydraulic clamping component 5 are both provided in the clamping area 104. A closed load-bearing structure is formed by the rigid connection of the top support 101, the bottom support 102, and the connecting beam 103. The C-shaped clamping area 104 provides an open placement space for the blade 11, while ensuring the installation foundation of the clamping assembly. After the blade 11 is placed in the clamping area 104, the gravity clamping assembly 4 and the hydraulic clamping assembly 5 apply constraint forces to the blade 11 from different positions. The top and bottom supports 102 and the connecting beam 103 jointly bear the weight of the blade 11 and the impact force of hoisting. The rigid frame structure has strong resistance to deformation and adapts to the changes in material properties caused by strong winds and low temperatures in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0033] In this embodiment, the gravity clamping assembly 4 includes a support block 401 disposed at the opening of the clamping area 104 and a clamping arm 402 disposed near the top support 101. The support block 401 is fixedly mounted on the bottom support 102. The first end of the clamping arm 402 is hinged to the connecting beam 103. A chain plate assembly 403 for placing the blade 11 is hinged between the clamping arm 402 and the support block 401 near the first end. An elastic clamping plate 405 is disposed below the clamping arm 402. The middle of the clamping plate 405 is hinged to the clamping arm 402 near the second end. A tension spring 406 is fixedly connected between the second end of the clamping arm 402 and the top support 101. After the blade 11 is placed in the clamping area 104, the support block 401 and the chain plate assembly 403 on the bottom support 102 bear the weight of the blade 11. The blade 11 presses against the chain plate assembly 403, pulling the clamping arm 402 to rotate around the hinge point of the connecting beam 103. The tension spring 406 at the second end of the clamping arm 402 is stretched, causing the clamping plate 405 below the clamping arm 402 to move closer to and press against the blade 11. The greater the weight of the blade 11, the greater the pressure transmitted by the chain plate assembly 403, the greater the rotation angle of the clamping arm 402, and the more significant the clamping force of the clamping plate 405. Based on the synergy of "gravity-lever-elastic force", the clamping arm 402 is driven to rotate by the chain plate assembly 403 using the weight of the blade 11 itself, and the tension spring 406 provides a restoring force to form a clamping torque, achieving an adaptive effect of "the heavier the blade 11, the tighter the clamping".

[0034] Specifically, the chain plate assembly 403 is composed of multiple chain plates rotatably connected by a pivot, and the chain plate assembly 403 is hinged to the clamping arm 402 by a pull rod 404. (Refer to...) Figure 1In this embodiment, a chain plate assembly 403 can use two pull rods 404 to hold two clamping arms 402 respectively, thereby increasing the clamping area on the blade 11 and improving the clamping effect.

[0035] In this embodiment, a plurality of elastic telescopic rods 420 (existing technology) are provided between the clamping arm 402 and the clamping plate 405. The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod 420 is fixedly installed on the clamping arm 402, and the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod 420 is rotatably mounted with a roller 421, which abuts against the clamping plate 405. When the clamping plate 405 presses the blade 11, the elastic telescopic rod 420 is squeezed and contracted by the clamping plate 405, generating a reverse elastic force to push the roller 421, making the clamping plate 405 fit more tightly against the surface of the blade 11. When the blade 11 shakes slightly, the elastic telescopic rod 420 absorbs vibration by telescoping, and the roller 421 reduces the friction between the clamping plate 405 and the clamping arm 402, allowing the clamping plate 405 to rotate at a small angle to adapt to the curved surface of the blade 11. By enhancing the adaptability of the clamping plate 405 to the curved surface of the blade 11, a buffering and shock absorption function is provided to protect the surface of the blade 11.

[0036] In this embodiment, an upper flexible plate 430 and a lower flexible plate 440 are also provided between the gravity clamping components 4. The upper flexible plate is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the clamping plate 405, the first end of the lower flexible plate 440 is placed on the chain plate assembly 403, and the second end of the lower flexible plate 440 is fixedly connected to the support block 401. The upper flexible plate 430 and the lower flexible plate 440 can be made of rubber or polymer composite materials. After the blade 11 is placed in the clamping area 104, the upper flexible plate 430 and the lower flexible plate 440 directly contact the surface of the blade 11. When the clamping components clamp, the flexible plates are compressed and deformed, completely conforming to the curved surface of the blade 11. The deformation capability of the upper flexible plate 430 and the lower flexible plate 440 made of flexible materials can fill the gap between the surface of the blade 11 and the rigid clamping structure, increase the friction coefficient and contact area, and improve the clamping force.

[0037] In this embodiment, the hydraulic clamping assembly 5 includes multiple first hydraulic telescopic rods 501. The fixed ends of the first hydraulic telescopic rods 501 are fixedly mounted on the top support 101, and the telescopic ends of the first hydraulic telescopic rods 501 face downward and are hinged to the pressure plate 502. The control system drives the first hydraulic telescopic rods 501 to extend and retract according to the size and weight of the blade 11; the telescopic ends drive the pressure plate 502 to move downward until the pressure plate 502 contacts the surface of the blade 11 and applies a preset pressure; during installation, the pressure can be dynamically adjusted through the hydraulic system to ensure that the blade 11 does not loosen during hoisting and docking. As an active clamping mechanism, the hydraulic clamping assembly 5 provides a stable and adjustable clamping force, forming a "double insurance" with the gravity clamping assembly 4.

[0038] Specifically, the pressure plate 502 can be directly pressed onto the upper flexible plate 430. A pressure sensor can also be installed on the pressure plate 502, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control system. The pressure sensor can detect the pressure between the pressure plate 502 and the blade 11 in real time and feed it back to the control system to ensure that the pressure applied by the pressure plate 502 is the set pressure, which can both clamp the blade 11 and prevent the blade 11 from being squeezed and deformed.

[0039] In this embodiment, a counterweight area 105 is formed on the side of the top support 101, bottom support 102 and connecting beam 103 that is away from the clamping area 104. The counterweight area 105 is provided with multiple counterweight positions along the length of the blade 11. Each counterweight position is used to horizontally stack several counterweight blocks 6. The counterweight area 105 is fixedly provided with a mounting plate 7. The upper end of the mounting plate 7 is provided with a snap-fit ​​structure 8 between each counterweight position and the counterweight block 6. The upper ends of the stacked adjacent counterweight blocks 6 are also provided with a snap-fit ​​structure 8. The lower end of the counterweight position is provided with a limiting structure 9. The mounting plate 7 is connected to the middle of the multiple counterweight blocks 6 at the same counterweight position by bolts 10. Based on the weight of blade 11 and its hoisting posture, counterweight blocks 6 are stacked at different counterweight positions in the counterweight area 105. A snap-fit ​​structure 8 enables rapid positioning of the counterweight blocks 6 with the mounting plate 7, and then bolts 10 are used for through-and-through fixation. The total weight of the counterweight blocks 6 balances the overturning moment generated by the gravity of blade 11, ensuring overall stability during hoisting. Based on the principle of torque balance, the center of gravity of the device is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number and position of the counterweight blocks 6 to counteract the eccentric moment during the hoisting of blade 11.

[0040] Specifically, a second lifting ring 601 is fixed on the top surface of the counterweight 6 to facilitate the hoisting of the counterweight 6. Notches are made on the top support 101 and the hoisting plate 2 at the corresponding counterweight area 105 to avoid interference with the hoisting of the counterweight 6; at the same time, it can also reduce the overall weight of the device.

[0041] In this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​structure 8 includes a snap-fit ​​hole 801, which is formed on the top surface of the mounting plate 7 and the top surface of the counterweight 6. A through groove 802 is formed through the side of the snap-fit ​​hole 801. The width of the through groove 802 is smaller than the diameter of the snap-fit ​​hole 801. A snap-fit ​​member 803 is provided on the side of the counterweight 6 corresponding to the snap-fit ​​hole 801. A receiving groove 804 is formed on the side of the counterweight 6 corresponding to the snap-fit ​​member 803 to accommodate the snap-fit ​​member 803. The snap-fit ​​member 803 includes a spherical snap-fit ​​part and a cylindrical connecting part. The connecting part is rotatably connected to the receiving groove 804 through a rotating shaft. An inclined surface 805 is formed at the opening of the snap-fit ​​hole 801 and the upper end of the through groove 802 to guide the snap-fit ​​member 803 to snap in. When the counterweight 6 is stacked, the snap-fit ​​part 803 of the outer counterweight 6 slides into the guide slope 805 of the snap-fit ​​hole 801 on the inner counterweight 6 or the mounting plate 7, and the connecting part enters the snap-fit ​​hole 801 through the through groove 802; the snap-fit ​​part snaps into the snap-fit ​​hole 801, forming a connection at the upper end of the counterweight 6, which is matched with the lower end connection of the limiting structure 9, and finally reinforced by the bolt 10. During disassembly, the snap-fit ​​part is pushed in the opposite direction to make it exit from the through groove 802; the mechanical self-locking is achieved by the size matching between the spherical snap-fit ​​part and the snap-fit ​​hole 801, the guide slope 805 reduces the difficulty of installation alignment, and the through groove 802 provides movement space for the connecting part; the guide slope 805 of the snap-fit ​​structure 8 reduces the alignment time before the bolt 10 is connected, and improves the efficiency of counterweight adjustment.

[0042] In this embodiment, the limiting structure 9 includes a limiting block 901 fixed on the counterweight position. The limiting block 901 has a structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom, and each side of the limiting block 901 is an isosceles trapezoidal inclined surface 805. The top surface of the limiting block 901 is an arc-shaped curved surface structure. The bottom surface of the counterweight 6 is provided with a limiting groove 902 that matches the limiting block 901. When placing the counterweight 6, the limiting groove 902 at the bottom of the counterweight 6 is aligned with the limiting block 901 on the counterweight position, and slides down along the isosceles trapezoidal inclined surface 805 of the limiting block 901 until it is completely fitted. The arc-shaped top surface of the limiting block 901 contacts the limiting groove 902, restricting the horizontal movement of the counterweight 6. When stacked, the limiting groove 902 of the counterweight 6 cooperates with the limiting block 901 on the counterweight position to form a vertical positioning. The inclined plane 805 guides the rapid alignment, and the side constraint restricts the horizontal displacement, ensuring the accurate positioning of the counterweight 6 in the counterweight position and preventing the offset caused by hoisting vibration.

[0043] In this embodiment, the adjustment component 3 includes a second hydraulic telescopic rod 310. The two ends of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 310 are connected to the lifting plate 2 and the main frame 1 respectively through a spherical hinge structure 320. The spherical hinge structure 320 includes a hinge seat 321, which is fixedly installed on the lifting plate 2 and / or the main frame 1. A spherical hinge groove 322 is provided in the hinge seat 321. A spherical hinge block 323 is slidably connected in the hinge groove 322. The side of the hinge groove 322 facing the second hydraulic telescopic rod 310 has a circular opening with a diameter smaller than that of the hinge block 323. The hinge block 323 is fixedly connected to the second hydraulic telescopic rod 310 through a connecting rod. During hoisting, the control system drives the second hydraulic telescopic rod 310 to extend and retract according to the installation angle requirements of the blade 11, adjusting the distance between the hoisting plate 2 and the main frame 1; the spherical hinge structure 320 allows the second hydraulic telescopic rod 310 to rotate at multiple angles, so that the hoisting plate 2 can be flexibly adjusted according to the posture changes of the hoisting equipment; during the hoisting process, the pitch adjustment, rotation positioning and other posture control of the blade 11 are realized through the coordinated action of multiple sets of adjustment components 3.

[0044] In the second embodiment of this application, reference is made to Figure 8 and Figure 9 Compared with the first embodiment, the difference is that the adjusting component 3 includes a winding structure 330 and a wire rope 340. The winding structure 330 includes a housing 331, which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the top support 101. A winding wheel 332 is rotatably installed inside the housing 331, and the wire rope 340 is wound on the winding wheel 332. The outer end of the wire rope 340 is fixedly connected to the corresponding position of the lifting plate 2. One end of the winding wheel 332 is connected to a worm gear 334 through a rotating shaft. A worm 335 that meshes with the worm gear 334 is rotatably arranged inside the housing 331. A motor is arranged on the outside of the housing 331, and the output shaft of the motor extends into the housing 331 and is fixedly connected to the worm 335.

[0045] In the second embodiment, the adjustment component 3 is connected via "motor - worm gear 334 worm 335 - take-up reel 332 - The transmission chain of the wire rope 340 enables the adjustment of the distance between the lifting plate 2 and the main frame 1: When the lifting posture needs to be adjusted, the control system starts the motor, and the motor output shaft drives the worm 335 in the housing 331 to rotate; the worm 335 meshes with the worm wheel 334 at one end of the winding wheel 332, driving the worm wheel 334 and the winding wheel 332 to rotate synchronously; when the winding wheel 332 rotates forward, it winds the wire rope 340, and the wire rope 340 pulls the lifting plate 2 closer to the main frame 1, reducing the distance between the two; when the winding wheel 332 rotates in reverse, it releases the wire rope 340, and the lifting plate 2 moves away from the main frame 1 under the gravity of the lifting equipment or the blade 11, increasing the distance between the two; multiple sets of adjustment components 3 work together at different positions of the lifting plate 2, and through the difference in the winding and unwinding lengths of different wire ropes 340, the lifting plate 2 can be adjusted in multiple angles such as tilting and translation until the blade 11 reaches the preset installation angle. The worm gear 334 and worm 335 transmission has reverse self-locking property (worm 335 can drive worm gear 334, but worm gear 334 cannot drive worm 335 in the reverse direction). When the motor stops working, the winding wheel 332 will not rotate in the reverse direction due to the tension of the wire rope 340, ensuring the stability of the spacing and posture during the hoisting process.

[0046] Compared to the hydraulically adjustable adjustment assembly in the first embodiment, the mechanically adjustable adjustment assembly in the second embodiment has the following advantages: Stronger adaptability to low-temperature environments: It avoids the inherent defects of hydraulic systems in cold regions (such as hydraulic oil solidification at low temperatures, embrittlement and leakage of seals, etc.), and mechanical components such as worm gears, wire ropes and so on have stable mechanical properties at low temperatures and a lower failure rate. Enhanced safety: The self-locking feature of the worm gear can automatically lock the winding wheel when the motor is powered off or malfunctions, preventing the blades from falling or changing their attitude due to accidental release of the wire rope, which is especially suitable for the safety requirements of high-altitude wind power installations. Easier to control adjustment precision: The motor can achieve precise control of speed and rotation angle through the control system. Combined with the reduction characteristics of worm gear, it can achieve micro-adjustment of wire rope winding length, thereby improving the control precision of hoisting posture and adapting to the high-precision docking requirements of large machine blades. Lower maintenance costs: The mechanical structure (motor, worm gear, winding wheel, wire rope) is easier to maintain, and there is no need to change the hydraulic oil or repair the hydraulic pipeline regularly. In high-altitude and cold wind power sites with inconvenient transportation, the frequency and difficulty of maintenance can be reduced. Better impact resistance: The steel wire rope has a certain degree of flexibility, which can buffer the instantaneous impact force during the hoisting process. Combined with the winding buffer of the winding wheel, it reduces the rigid impact of strong winds or blade swaying on the main frame and extends the service life of the device.

[0047] Specifically, since this device is used in cold regions, to improve its safety, it is necessary to deploy targeted sensors, monitoring systems, heating and insulation devices at key locations, taking into account the device's structural characteristics and monitoring requirements; details are as follows: Freeze status monitoring: Temperature sensors and fiber optic strain sensors are installed on the hydraulic lines and the surface of the telescopic rod of the hydraulic clamping assembly. The temperature sensors monitor the temperature of the hydraulic oil and the surface of the telescopic rod. When the temperature is lower than the critical operating temperature of the hydraulic system, an early warning is triggered, prompting the start of the heating and insulation device. Vibration sensors and infrared temperature sensors are installed at the hinge points of the gravity clamping assembly, the chain plate assembly, and the tension spring. The vibration sensors monitor the movement frequency of the hinge points. If the frequency is abnormal, such as due to icing causing rotational jamming, the risk of freezing is judged in combination with the temperature data. The infrared sensors monitor the surface temperature of the chain plate assembly non-contactly. When the temperature is close to 0°C and the humidity is high, a warning is issued for potential icing. Install humidity sensors and ice thickness sensors (such as capacitive ice sensors) on the contact area between the blade surface and the clamping assembly; monitor the humidity and ice thickness on the blade surface to prevent ice from causing a sudden drop in friction between the blade and the clamping plate and to avoid slippage.

[0048] Main frame balance status monitoring: A dual-axis tilt sensor (accuracy 0.1°, range ±30°) is installed on the horizontal reference plane of the top and bottom supports: it monitors the tilt angle of the frame in the horizontal and vertical directions in real time, and when the tilt exceeds the safety threshold (such as ±5°), the linkage adjustment component (hydraulic telescopic rod or motor winding system) dynamically corrects the posture.

[0049] Vibration sensors and strain gauges are installed on the connecting beam and the mounting plate in the counterweight area. The vibration sensors monitor the vibration frequency and amplitude of the frame caused by strong winds or hoisting impacts. If the vibration exceeds the design threshold (e.g., amplitude > 5mm), a warning of structural fatigue risk is issued. The strain gauges monitor the stress distribution of the connecting beam. If the local stress increases suddenly, such as the counterweight becoming loose and causing the center of gravity to shift, it is judged as a failure of balance.

[0050] A pressure sensor and a displacement sensor are installed at the connection between the counterweight and the counterweight position. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure between the counterweight and the mounting plate. If the pressure drops suddenly (e.g., the bolts loosen), it indicates a risk of the counterweight falling off. The displacement sensor monitors the horizontal and vertical displacement of the counterweight. If the displacement is greater than 2mm, it is determined that the counterweight is unbalanced.

[0051] Disengagement status monitoring: Install tension sensors at the connection points between the lifting plate and the lifting equipment; monitor the tension value at the lifting point in real time. During normal lifting, the tension should be stable at 1.1-1.3 times the weight of the blade; if the tension drops suddenly, such as the tension being released before unhooking or approaching 0, immediately trigger an emergency alarm.

[0052] Install a proximity switch or limit switch at the first lifting ring of the lifting plate; monitor the locking status of the hook and the lifting plate. If the locking pin is not fully in place or the distance between the hook and the lifting plate exceeds the safe value, it indicates that the connection is unreliable.

[0053] An angle sensor is installed at the connection between the adjustment component and the lifting plate to monitor the connection angle between the adjustment component (hydraulic rod or wire rope) and the lifting plate. If the angle changes abruptly, such as free swing caused by connection breakage, it can help determine whether the hook has come off or the connection has failed.

[0054] All the sensor data mentioned above are aggregated to the main control system via an industrial bus or wireless transmission module. Combined with preset safety thresholds and algorithm models, the system can display the monitoring parameters in real time, such as freezing status, tilt angle, and tensile force. The system prioritizes industrial-grade sensors that are resistant to low temperatures, vibration, and rain and snow to ensure long-term reliability in cold wind farm sites.

[0055] This technical solution utilizes a main frame and a control system. A lifting plate is mounted on top of the main frame for hoisting, and multiple adjustment components are installed between the lifting plate and the main frame to adjust the spacing. Gravity clamping components and hydraulic clamping components are mounted on the main frame to hold the blades. Both the adjustment components and the hydraulic clamping components are connected to the control system. This device supports the wind turbine blades via the main frame, and the control system coordinates the operation of the adjustment components and the hydraulic clamping components. During hoisting, the lifting plate is connected to the hoisting equipment, and the adjustment components adjust the spacing between the lifting plate and the main frame to accommodate the hoisting angle. The gravity clamping components initially clamp and fix the blades using gravity, while the hydraulic clamping components further tighten the blades via hydraulic drive, ensuring stable hoisting in cold environments. During installation, the adjustment components adjust the spacing between the lifting plate and the main frame at different positions, allowing the blades to achieve pitch adjustment and rotational positioning in the air. Combined with existing rotating structures (which can be installed between the hoisting equipment and the lifting plate), three-dimensional attitude control of the blades can be achieved. The device achieves passive clamping through a gravity clamping component and active clamping through a hydraulic clamping component, with dual clamping improving clamping reliability; the adjustment component enables dynamic adjustment of the blades, facilitating blade installation; effectively improving the safety and convenience of blade hoisting in high-altitude and cold regions.

[0056] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions, characterized in that, include: The system includes a main frame and a control system. A lifting plate for lifting is installed on top of the main frame. Multiple adjustment components for adjusting the spacing are installed between the lifting plate and the main frame. Gravity clamping components and hydraulic clamping components for clamping the blades are installed on the main frame. Both the adjustment components and the hydraulic clamping components are connected to the control system.

2. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame includes a top support and a bottom support arranged in parallel. The top support and the bottom support are fixedly connected by a connecting beam. A C-shaped clamping area for placing the blade is formed between the top support, the bottom support and the connecting beam. The gravity clamping assembly and the hydraulic clamping assembly are both arranged in the clamping area.

3. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The gravity clamping assembly includes a support block disposed at the opening of the clamping area and a clamping arm disposed near the top support. The support block is fixedly mounted on the bottom support. The first end of the clamping arm is hinged to the connecting beam. A chain plate assembly for placing the blade is hinged between the clamping arm and the support block near the first end. An elastic clamping plate is disposed below the clamping arm. The middle of the clamping plate is hinged to the clamping arm near the second end. A tension spring is fixedly connected between the second end of the clamping arm and the top support.

4. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple elastic telescopic rods are provided between the clamping arm and the clamping plate. The fixed end of the elastic telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the clamping arm, and the telescopic end of the elastic telescopic rod is rotatably installed with a roller, which abuts against the clamping plate.

5. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The gravity clamping assembly is further provided with an upper flexible plate and a lower flexible plate. The upper flexible plate is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the clamping plate. The first end of the lower flexible plate is placed on the chain plate assembly, and the second end of the lower flexible plate is fixedly connected to the support block.

6. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic clamping assembly includes a plurality of first hydraulic telescopic rods, the fixed ends of the first hydraulic telescopic rods are fixedly installed on the top support, and the telescopic ends of the first hydraulic telescopic rods face downward and are hinged to the pressure plate.

7. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A counterweight area is formed on the side opposite to the clamping area between the top support, the bottom support, and the connecting beam. The counterweight area has multiple counterweight positions along the length of the blade. Each counterweight position is used to horizontally stack several counterweight blocks. A mounting plate is fixedly installed in the counterweight area. A snap-fit ​​structure is provided at the upper end of the mounting plate corresponding to each counterweight position and counterweight block. The snap-fit ​​structure is also provided between the upper ends of adjacent stacked counterweight blocks. A limiting structure is provided at the lower end of each counterweight position corresponding to the counterweight block. The mounting plate is connected in the middle of multiple counterweight blocks at the same counterweight position by bolts.

8. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​structure includes snap-fit ​​holes, which are formed on the top surface of the mounting plate and the top surface of the counterweight. A through groove is formed through the side of the snap-fit ​​hole, and the width of the through groove is smaller than the diameter of the snap-fit ​​hole. A snap-fit ​​component is provided on the side of the counterweight corresponding to the snap-fit ​​hole. A receiving groove for accommodating the snap-fit ​​component is formed on the side of the counterweight corresponding to the snap-fit ​​component. The snap-fit ​​component includes a spherical snap-fit ​​part and a cylindrical connecting part. The connecting part is rotatably connected to the receiving groove via a rotating shaft. An inclined surface is formed at the opening of the snap-fit ​​hole and the upper end of the through groove to guide the snap-fit ​​component into place.

9. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes a limiting block fixed on the counterweight position. The limiting block has a structure that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. Each side of the limiting block is an isosceles trapezoidal inclined surface. The top surface of the limiting block is an arc-shaped curved surface structure. A limiting groove matching the limiting block is formed on the bottom surface of the counterweight.

10. The single-blade installation device for large-scale wind turbines in high-altitude and cold regions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a winding structure and a wire rope. The winding structure includes a housing, which is fixedly mounted on the main frame. A winding wheel is rotatably mounted inside the housing, and the wire rope is wound on the winding wheel. The outer end of the wire rope is fixedly connected to the corresponding position on the lifting plate. One end of the winding wheel is connected to a worm gear through a rotating shaft. A worm gear meshing with the worm gear is rotatably arranged inside the housing. A motor is arranged on the outside of the housing, and the output shaft of the motor extends into the housing and is fixedly connected to the worm gear.

Images