Intelligent power management system with self-adaptive power sorting function

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent power management system for adaptive power sorting, and the system comprises an electrical parameter data sampling module which is used for obtaining the electrical parameter data of each channel, and determining the current effective power of each channel; the channel combination power sorting module is used for determining the channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limitation as the optimal channel combination; the zero crossing point detection module is used for acquiring output waveforms of the photoelectric coupler in different periods and determining that the photoelectric coupler outputs a high-level signal at a zero crossing point; the zero-point synchronous closing control module is used for controlling the relay to be closed in a zero-point crossing stage; the activation instability critical state identification module is used for identifying an activation instability critical state; and the intelligent charging function restarting module is used for triggering an overload protection mechanism and determining a current optimal channel combination. According to the invention, while the operation efficiency of the power management system is improved, accurate sensing, optimal control and safety management of the multi-channel power supply system under dynamic power change are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of information technology, and in particular to an intelligent power management system with adaptive power sequencing. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of intelligent manufacturing, new energy applications, and multi-channel power supply system, higher requirements for the intelligentization and safety of power distribution are put forward. In the traditional power management system, fixed allocation strategy or manual control mode is usually adopted, which cannot adjust the power output in real time according to the load state of each channel, resulting in low system resource scheduling efficiency, partial equipment unable to obtain power supply in time or overload protection response lag, and serious operation risk and energy waste problems. Especially in practical application scenarios, such as multi-device charging and industrial multi-channel power supply control system, the load state of each channel has uncertainty and dynamic fluctuation. If the power change of each channel cannot be sensed in real time, and the optimal power supply combination under the maximum load power limit cannot be reasonably judged, it will cause problems such as local overload, voltage drop, and power surge, and even cause equipment damage or power system failure in serious cases. On the other hand, as a key device for controlling the power supply of each channel, the closing time of the relay has a significant impact on system safety. If the on-off operation is performed at a non-zero-crossing point, it is easy to produce instantaneous surge current, resulting in electrical safety problems such as switch tube breakdown and power module damage. However, the existing zero-crossing control means are mainly based on fixed delay or analog judgment, lacking accurate signal recognition and synchronous control mechanism, and cannot realize high-precision zero-crossing closing control. In addition, in the control process of multiple channels, if the trigger time of multiple channels is highly overlapped, and the current load power is close to the upper limit of the system, it may also cause power shock or relay frequent start-stop phenomenon, further deteriorating the system stability. The current technology lacks effective scheduling disturbance modeling mechanism, cannot identify such critical disturbance state, and cannot perform predictive protection, resulting in unstable system operation. Furthermore, in the long-term operation of the equipment, the channel load may be replaced at any time, such as device plugging, battery replacement, etc. If there is no dynamic recognition and response mechanism for the load state, it is easy to cause overload without triggering protection or false triggering protection, affecting the reliability of power supply. Therefore, an intelligent power management method with adaptive power sensing, optimal channel combination selection, zero-crossing synchronous control, disturbance modeling identification, and dynamic overload protection is needed to cope with the dynamic scheduling, synchronous control, and stability challenges in the multi-channel power supply system. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an intelligent power management system with adaptive power sequencing to solve the above problems in the prior art, mainly including:

[0004] The electric parameter data sampling module is configured to configure the communication baud rate of the sampling chip by using a serial port protocol, acquire the electric parameter data output by the sampling chip, and sequentially record the electric parameter data of each channel based on a preset sampling period to determine the current effective power of each channel.

[0005] The channel combination power sorting module is configured to determine a channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limit as an optimal channel combination according to the electric parameter data of each channel, and start the intelligent charging function.

[0006] The zero-crossing point detection module is configured to sample the input signal of the optoelectronic coupler, acquire the output waveform of the optoelectronic coupler at different periods, and determine the output of a high-level signal by the optoelectronic coupler at the zero-crossing point.

[0007] The zero-crossing point synchronous closing control module is configured to identify the zero-crossing point trigger according to the voltage value of the zero-crossing point detection signal, and control the relay to be closed at the zero-crossing stage based on the low-level trigger of the zero-crossing point detection signal at the zero-crossing point.

[0008] The activated unstable critical state recognition module is configured to determine the activated interference factor of the channel according to the current active power of each channel and the time of triggering the zero-crossing point of each channel, recognize the activated unstable critical state, and enter the suppression protection mode.

[0009] The intelligent charging function restart module is configured to acquire the power change when the channel load is replaced by the sampling chip, determine whether the overload protection mechanism is triggered, determine the current optimal channel combination, and restart the intelligent charging function.

[0010] Further, the electric parameter data sampling module is configured to configure the communication baud rate of the sampling chip by using a serial port protocol, acquire the electric parameter data output by the sampling chip, and sequentially record the electric parameter data of each channel based on a preset sampling period to determine the current effective power of each channel, including:

[0011] According to the non-isolated step-down power supply connected to the electric energy collection part in the system, the voltage adjustment module outputs to the sampling chip power supply pin VCC. The serial port protocol is used to configure the communication baud rate of the sampling chip, and the electric parameter data output by the sampling chip is acquired. The electric parameter data includes voltage, current, power factor, active power, and reactive power. The serial port receiving interrupt mechanism is constructed to receive and store the transmitted electric parameter data. The CRC data verification mechanism is used to verify the integrity of the received electric parameter data. A preset first time interval is set as a sampling period, and the electric parameter data of each channel is sequentially recorded. The mean, variance, maximum value, and minimum value of the electric parameter data of each channel are calculated to obtain the current effective power state of each channel.

[0012] Further, the channel power sorting module is configured to determine, according to the electrical parameter data of each channel, a channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limit as an optimal channel combination, and start the intelligent charging function, including:

[0013] According to the electrical parameter data of each channel, the active power of each channel is sorted by a quick sorting algorithm, and the sorted channel order is recorded; the power sum of all channel combinations is calculated by a combination traversal method, and combinations with a power sum less than a preset maximum bearing power threshold are screened out to obtain channel combinations meeting the power limit, and a channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limit is selected as an optimal channel combination; based on the determined optimal channel combination, the channels are opened, and the intelligent charging function is started; if it is detected that the power of the opened channels decreases, the channels that have not been opened are continuously opened within the preset maximum bearing power threshold range until all the channels are in an opened state, and the intelligent charging function is exited when all the channels are opened.

[0014] Further, the zero-crossing point detection module is configured to sample an input signal of a photoelectric coupler, obtain an output waveform of the photoelectric coupler at different periods, and determine that the photoelectric coupler outputs a high-level signal at a zero-crossing point, including:

[0015] According to the selected optimal channel combination, a zero-crossing point detection circuit is used, the input voltage waveform of the photoelectric coupler is sampled by an oscilloscope according to the connection of the input pin of the photoelectric coupler to the two ends of the alternating current input; the output waveform of the photoelectric coupler at different periods is determined according to the voltage change of the photoelectric transistor at the positive half cycle, the negative half cycle and the zero-crossing point; if the photoelectric coupler is in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle, the alternating current input voltage is lower than the preset conduction threshold of the LED inside the photoelectric coupler, the LED stops emitting light, the LED inside the photoelectric coupler is extinguished, the photoelectric transistor at the output end of the photoelectric coupler is cut off, and a high-level signal is output; if the photoelectric coupler is in the zero-crossing stage, the alternating current input voltage is higher than the preset conduction threshold of the LED inside the photoelectric coupler, the photoelectric transistor is turned on, and a low-level signal is output; the trigger mode of the oscilloscope is adjusted to match the AC signal frequency, and the waveforms of multiple periods are compared to confirm that the photoelectric coupler outputs a high-level signal at the zero-crossing point; the zero-crossing point detection signal is output as a low-level signal after passing through a transistor switching circuit, and the zero-crossing point signal is determined as the zero-crossing point signal.

[0016] Further, the zero-crossing point synchronous closing control module is configured to identify a zero-crossing point trigger according to the voltage value of the zero-crossing point detection signal, and control a relay to be closed at the zero-crossing stage based on the low-level trigger of the zero-crossing point detection signal, including:

[0017] The ADC sampling module is configured with a preset second time interval as a sampling period, and the zero point detection signal is continuously sampled, the voltage state is recorded, and the zero point detection signal data is stored in the FIFO buffer queue; if the voltage value of the zero point detection signal is lower than the preset voltage threshold, it is determined that the zero point trigger is over; if the voltage value of the zero point detection signal is higher than the preset voltage threshold, it is determined that it is not a zero point period; based on the sampling data, the time point of the zero point trigger is determined, a high level is output to the base of the relay driving triode through the GPIO, and the relay is controlled to be closed at the zero point crossing stage according to the low level trigger of the zero point detection signal at the zero point crossing; the timing relationship between the GPIO output and the zero point detection signal is monitored by the logic analyzer, and the synchronization of the relay closing and the zero point crossing is judged.

[0018] Further, the activation instability critical state identification module is configured to determine an activation disturbance factor of each channel according to the current active power of each channel and the time of triggering the zero point of each channel, identify the activation instability critical state, and enter the suppression protection mode, including:

[0019] The current active power of each channel, the time of triggering the zero point of each channel, and the average power of each channel in a preset time window are obtained, and a channel disturbance weight formula is used The channel disturbance weight W of the i-th channel is determined i , wherein is the average power of the i-th channel in the preset time window, is the average power of the j-th channel in the preset time window, and n is the total number of channels participating in scheduling; the time interval between the triggering of the zero point of each channel and the triggering of the zero point of the previous channel is determined according to the time of triggering the zero point of each channel, and a channel activation disturbance factor formula is used in combination with the channel disturbance weight of each channel The activation disturbance factor D of the i-th channel is determined i , wherein P i is the current active power of the i-th channel, P max is a preset maximum carrying power threshold, and ΔT i is the time interval between the triggering of the zero point of the i-th channel and the triggering of the zero point of the previous channel, and T' is a preset maximum time interval threshold of synchronous operation; the total sum of the activation disturbance factors of the currently opened channels is calculated according to the activation disturbance factors of each channel; if the total sum of the activation disturbance factors of the currently opened channels is greater than a preset disturbance threshold constant, it is judged that the system is in an activation instability critical state, enters the suppression protection mode, suspends the opening of the newly added channel, waits for one zero crossing period, re-evaluates the activation disturbance factor, and judges whether to continue to open the channel based on the activation disturbance factor; if the total sum of the activation disturbance factors of the currently opened channels is less than the preset disturbance threshold constant, the current scheduling is allowed to continue to open the channel.

[0020] Further, the intelligent charging function restart module is used for acquiring power changes when the channel load is replaced through the sampling chip, judging whether an overload protection mechanism is triggered, determining a current optimal channel combination, and restarting the intelligent charging function, including:

[0021] The power changes of the opened channels are recorded in real time through the sampling chip, and the total power of all channels is calculated in real time when the load of a channel is replaced; if the total exceeds a preset maximum bearing power threshold, the overload protection mechanism is triggered, all channel power supplies are disconnected through the relay array at the zero-crossing of alternating current, and the power supply is stopped; after the overload protection mechanism is triggered and the power is disconnected, the electrical parameter data of each channel is recorded in a preset time interval, and the channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limit is selected as the current optimal channel combination; the channels are opened based on the determined current optimal channel combination, and the intelligent charging function is restarted.

[0022] The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can include the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The application provides an intelligent power management system with adaptive power sorting. Based on the real-time collected electrical parameter data of each channel, the application dynamically calculates the effective power and intelligently selects the optimal power supply channel combination, realizing fine scheduling and efficient utilization of power resources. By introducing the zero-crossing detection mechanism and synchronous closing control of the relay, the risk of inrush current in the on-off process is significantly reduced, and the electrical safety protection capability of the system for the load is improved. At the same time, an activation disturbance factor model based on channel power, zero-crossing trigger time and disturbance weight is constructed, realizing the evaluation and adaptive protection of the stability of multi-channel scheduling. When the system is close to the critical state, it actively enters the inhibition mode to avoid power oscillation or frequent start-stop phenomenon. In addition, the inventive method also supports power dynamic identification and overload protection response in the load replacement process, has strong environmental adaptability and control closed loop capability, and effectively improves the operation safety, intelligence and reliability of the intelligent power management system in complex application scenarios. Through the deep integration of power perception, zero-crossing control and disturbance modeling, the application effectively solves the key problems of rigid scheduling, inaccurate zero-crossing control and overload response lag in traditional power management, and realizes accurate perception, optimal control and safety management of the multi-channel power supply system under dynamic power changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Fig. 1 A flowchart of an intelligent power management system with adaptive power sorting according to the application;

[0025] Fig. 2 A schematic diagram of an intelligent power management system with adaptive power sorting according to the application;

[0026] Fig. 3Another schematic diagram of the intelligent power management system of the adaptive power sequencing of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] As Figs. 1-3 , the intelligent power management system of the adaptive power sequencing of the present application can specifically include:

[0029] In step S101, the electric parameter data sampling module is configured to configure the communication baud rate of the sampling chip by using the serial port protocol, acquire the electric parameter data output by the sampling chip, record the electric parameter data of each channel in turn based on a preset sampling period, and determine the current effective power of each channel.

[0030] According to the non-isolated step-down power supply connected to the electric energy collection part of the system, the voltage adjustment module is output to the sampling chip power supply pin VCC. The communication baud rate of the sampling chip is configured by using the serial port protocol, the electric parameter data output by the sampling chip is acquired, and the electric parameter data includes voltage, current, power factor, active power and reactive power. The electric parameter data transmitted is received and stored by constructing a serial port receiving interrupt mechanism. The integrity of the received electric parameter data is verified by a CRC data verification mechanism, a preset first time interval is set as a sampling period, the electric parameter data of each channel is recorded in turn, the mean value, variance, maximum value and minimum value of the electric parameter data of each channel are counted, and the current effective power state of each channel is obtained.

[0031] For example, in an intelligent power management system, the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is regulated to a low voltage of 5V suitable for a sampling chip by a non-isolated step-down power supply, and then output to the power supply pin VCC of the sampling chip. In order to obtain accurate electrical parameter data from the sampling chip, the communication baud rate of the sampling chip is configured through the serial communication protocol, such as setting to 9600bps, to ensure that the data transmission speed matches the response time of the chip. At this time, the sampling chip starts to collect electrical parameters such as current, voltage, power factor, active power and reactive power every second according to the set time interval, and sends these data to the host unit through the serial protocol. If the electrical parameter data received at a specific time point includes a voltage of 230V, a current of 5A, a power factor of 0.95, an active power of 1100W, and a reactive power of 400VAR. Capture this data through the serial reception interrupt mechanism and store it in the memory, and at the same time use the CRC check algorithm to verify the integrity of the received electrical parameter data, to ensure that the data has not been lost or incorrect during transmission, if the CRC check is passed, according to the preset time interval of 1 minute as the sampling period, record the electrical parameter data of different channels in turn, get the voltage, power and other data of channel 1 in the first minute as 230V, 229V, 231V, 232V, etc., and get the voltage, power and other data of channel 2 in the second minute, get the voltage, power and other data of channel 3 in the third minute, and get the voltage, power and other data of channel 4 in the fourth minute. According to these data, the mean, variance, maximum and minimum of the electrical energy of each channel are calculated, and the mean voltage of the first channel in this minute is 230V, the maximum is 232V, the minimum is 229V, and the variance is 1V.

[0032] In step S102, the channel combination power sorting module is used to determine the channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limit as the optimal channel combination according to the electrical parameter data of each channel, and start the intelligent charging function.

[0033] According to the electrical parameter data of each channel, the active power of each channel is sorted by a quicksort algorithm, and the sorted channel order is recorded. The total power of all channel combinations is calculated by a combination traversal method, and all combinations with a total power less than a preset maximum carrying power threshold are screened to obtain channel combinations meeting the power limit, and the channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limit is selected as the optimal channel combination. Based on the determined optimal channel combination, the channels are opened and the intelligent charging function is started. If it is detected that the power of the opened channels decreases, the channels that have not been opened are continued to be opened within the preset maximum carrying power threshold, until all channels are in an opened state, and the intelligent charging function is exited when all channels are opened.

[0034] For example, in the intelligent charging system, the power parameters of five channels are monitored, and the active power of each channel is 800 W for channel 1, 600 W for channel 2, 1200 W for channel 3, 500 W for channel 4, and 900 W for channel 5. The quicksort algorithm is used to sort these active powers, and the sorted channel order is channel 3, channel 5, channel 1, channel 2, and channel 4. If the preset maximum load power threshold of the system is 3000 W, all possible channel combinations are traversed, the power sum of each combination is calculated, and all combinations with a power sum less than 3000 W are filtered out. After combination filtering, the combinations that meet the power limit include combination 1 for channel 3 and channel 5, combination 2 for channel 3, channel 1, and channel 4, combination 3 for channel 5, channel 1, and channel 2, and combination 4 for channel 3, channel 5, and channel 1. Among these combinations, the total power of combination 4 is 2900 W, which is closest to the maximum load power 3000 W and meets the power limit, so combination 4 is selected as the optimal channel combination. According to this optimal channel combination, the system opens channels 3, 5, and 1 and starts the intelligent charging function. Since the power of the channel only decreases and does not increase, during the intelligent charging process, if the system detects that the power of channel 5 decreases to 300 W and the current power sum is 2300 W, if the system continues to open the unused channel 2, the power sum after opening the unused channel 2 is 2900 W, and the current power sum still does not exceed the maximum load power threshold 3000 W, so channel 2 is opened. If the power of the channel is detected to decrease again, it is determined whether channel 4 can be enabled according to the current power sum. If the power sum after opening the unused channel 4 still does not exceed the maximum load power threshold 3000 W, channel 4 is opened. Finally, the intelligent charging system fully opens all channels, and the power of all channels does not exceed 3000 W, and the system automatically exits the intelligent charging function.

[0035] In step S103, the zero-crossing detection module is configured to sample the input signal of the optocoupler, obtain the output waveform of the optocoupler in different periods, and determine that the optocoupler outputs a high-level signal at the zero-crossing point.

[0036] According to the selected optimal channel combination, a zero-crossing detection circuit is used to sample the input voltage waveform of the optocoupler through an oscilloscope according to the AC input connected to the input pin of the optocoupler. According to the voltage change of the phototransistor in the positive half cycle, the negative half cycle and the zero crossing point, the output waveform of the optocoupler in different cycles is determined. If the optocoupler is in the positive half cycle or the negative half cycle, the AC input voltage is lower than the preset conduction threshold of the LED inside the optocoupler, the LED stops emitting light, the LED inside the optocoupler is extinguished, the phototransistor at the output end of the optocoupler is cut off, and the output is high level. If the optocoupler is in the zero crossing stage, the AC input voltage is higher than the preset conduction threshold of the LED inside the optocoupler, the phototransistor is turned on, and the output is low level. By adjusting the trigger mode of the oscilloscope to match the AC signal frequency, and comparing the waveforms of multiple cycles, it is confirmed that the optocoupler outputs a high level signal at the zero crossing point. After the signal passes through the transistor switching circuit, the zero crossing detection signal is output as a low level signal, and the zero crossing detection signal is determined as the zero crossing signal.

[0037] For example, after selecting a certain channel as the optimal channel combination, the zero-crossing detection is performed using the optocoupler U4. The two ends of the AC power are connected to the input pins 1, 2 of the optocoupler U4 to collect the AC signal. If the monitored voltage waveform of the AC power is a 230V sine wave with a frequency of 50Hz. In the operation of the optocoupler U4, the LED conduction threshold of the optocoupler U4 is set to 100V of the AC voltage, and when the AC input voltage is greater than this threshold, the LED emits light, and when the voltage is less than this threshold, the LED stops emitting light. In a positive half cycle, when the input AC voltage increases from 0V to 230V, the LED of the optocoupler U4 emits light, and since the AC voltage is greater than the conduction threshold 100V of the optocoupler U4 in the positive half cycle, the LED emits light, causing the phototransistors 3, 4 inside the optocoupler U4 to conduct, outputting a low-level signal. At this time, the oscilloscope displays the waveform output by the optocoupler U4 as a low-level 0V. When the AC voltage drops from 230V to 0V and enters the negative half cycle, the input voltage will continue to be lower than the conduction threshold 100V, causing the LED to extinguish, and the phototransistors 3, 4 inside the optocoupler U4 to be cut off, outputting a high-level signal. At this time, the oscilloscope displays the output of the optocoupler as a high level. When the AC voltage crosses the zero-crossing point, that is, the voltage transitions from the negative half cycle to the positive half cycle, the input voltage will quickly rise from near 0V to a positive value, exceeding the LED conduction threshold of the optocoupler U4. At this moment, the LED starts to emit light again, and the phototransistors 3, 4 are conductive, outputting a low-level signal. After observing the waveform through the oscilloscope, it is found that the output waveform of the optocoupler U4 jumps from a high level to a low level at the zero-crossing point. In order to accurately obtain the zero-crossing point signal, the trigger mode of the oscilloscope is adjusted to match the frequency 50Hz of the AC signal. By comparing the waveforms of multiple cycles, it is confirmed that each zero-crossing point accurately corresponds to the zero-crossing point of the AC voltage. After that, the zero-crossing point signal is transmitted to the transistor switching circuit, which further processes the zero-crossing point signal by converting the signal from a high level to a low level. Finally, this low-level signal is used for subsequent operations such as relay control, ensuring accurate control of the device at the zero-crossing point.

[0038] In step S104, the zero-point synchronous closing control module is used to identify the zero-crossing trigger according to the voltage value of the zero-crossing detection signal, and control the relay to close at the zero-crossing stage based on the low-level trigger of the zero-crossing detection signal at the zero-crossing point.

[0039] The ADC sampling module is set to a preset second time interval as a sampling period, and the zero point detection signal is continuously sampled, the voltage state is recorded, and the zero point detection signal data is stored in the FIFO cache queue. If the voltage value of the zero point detection signal is lower than the preset voltage threshold, it is determined that the zero point trigger occurs. If the voltage value of the zero point detection signal is higher than the preset voltage threshold, it is determined that it is not a zero point period. Based on the sampling data, the time point of the zero point trigger is determined, a high level is output to the base of the relay driving triode through the GPIO, and the relay is closed at the zero crossing stage according to the low level trigger of the zero point detection signal at the zero crossing point. The timing relationship between the GPIO output and the zero point detection signal is monitored by the logic analyzer to determine the synchronization of the relay closing and the zero crossing.

[0040] For example, the preset time interval of the ADC sampling module is set to 1 second, that is, 1 sampling per second. The zero point detection signal is continuously sampled, and the sampled voltage state is stored in the FIFO cache queue. Specifically, the received zero point detection signal voltage waveform changes within a period according to the fluctuation of the alternating current power supply. When the sampled voltage value of the zero point detection signal is lower than the set threshold value 0.5V, it is determined that the zero point trigger occurs. If the voltage value of the zero point detection signal is higher than the preset threshold value 0.5V, it is considered that the point is in a non-zero point period. If the voltage value of the zero point detection signal is 0.3V at a certain time, which is lower than the preset voltage threshold value 0.5V, it is determined that the zero point trigger occurs at this time, and the zero point trigger time point is recorded. A high level signal is output to the base of the triode of the relay driving circuit through the GPIO pin. Since the zero point detection signal is low at the zero crossing point, the relay control logic is designed to close at this low level signal trigger, thereby ensuring that the relay is accurately closed at the zero crossing point. In order to verify the accuracy of the relay control, the system uses a logic analyzer to monitor the timing relationship between the GPIO output signal and the zero point detection signal. If the system is set to the zero crossing point at the moment when the 230V alternating current voltage passes through the 0V point, at this time, the zero point detection signal will quickly switch from high to low. Through the observation of the logic analyzer, it is confirmed that the closing operation of the relay is highly synchronized with the low level change of the zero point detection signal, and the delay of the relay control signal is less than 100 microseconds, thereby avoiding the impact caused by the sudden change of current and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment.

[0041] In step S105, the unstable critical state recognition module is activated to determine the activation disturbance factor of the channel according to the current active power of each channel and the time of triggering the zero point of each channel, recognize the activation unstable critical state, and enter the suppression protection mode.

[0042] The current active power of each channel, the time of triggering the zero point of each channel, and the average power of each channel in the preset time window are obtained, and the channel disturbance weight formula is used determining the channel disturbance weight W of the ith channel i wherein, is the average power of the ith channel in the preset time window, is the average power of the jth channel in the preset time window, and n is the total number of channels participating in the scheduling. According to the time at which each channel triggers the zero-crossing point, the time interval between the channel triggering the zero-crossing point and the last channel triggering the zero-crossing point is determined, and the channel activation interference factor formula is used in combination with the channel disturbance weight of each channel determining the activation interference factor D of the ith channel i wherein, P i is the current active power of the ith channel, P max is the preset maximum carrying power threshold, and ΔT i is the time interval between the ith channel triggering the zero-crossing point and the last channel triggering the zero-crossing point, and T' is the preset maximum time interval threshold of the synchronization operation. According to the activation interference factor of each channel, the sum of the activation interference factors of the currently opened channels is calculated. If the sum of the activation interference factors of the currently opened channels is greater than the preset disturbance threshold constant, it is judged that the system is in an activation instability critical state, the newly opened channel is suspended, 1 zero-crossing period is waited, the activation interference factor is re-evaluated, and whether to continue to open the channel is determined based on the activation interference factor. If the sum of the activation interference factors of the currently opened channels is less than the preset disturbance threshold constant, the current scheduling is allowed, and the channel is continued to be opened.

[0043] For example, in a scheduling cycle of an intelligent power management system, the controller detects that a total of 3 channels will be in a zero-crossing point triggering state, wherein in a past sampling window, the average active power of the 3 channels is 400W for channel A, 300W for channel B, and 100W for channel C. According to the disturbance weight calculation formula W A = 0.5, W B = 0.375, and W C = 0.125, wherein, is the average power of the ith channel in the preset time window, is the average power of the jth channel in the preset time window, and n is the total number of channels participating in the scheduling. If the system detects that channel A triggers the zero-crossing point at 100.0ms, channel B triggers the zero-crossing point at 102.0ms, and channel C triggers the zero-crossing point at 107.5ms, the preset maximum time interval threshold of the synchronization operation is 10ms, that is, the maximum allowed synchronization time window of the system is 10ms, and the current active power of each channel is 420W for channel A, 310W for channel B, and 90W for channel C, the maximum carrying power threshold is 1000W, and according to the channel activation interference factor formula the activation interference factor of channel A is determined as D A= 0.21, D B = 0.093, D C == 0.00506, wherein, P i is the current active power of the i-th channel, P max is the preset maximum carrying power threshold, ΔT i is the time interval between the triggering of the zero-crossing point of the i-th channel and the triggering of the zero-crossing point of the previous channel, and T' is the preset maximum time interval threshold of the synchronization operation. According to the activation disturbance factors of the three channels, the sum of the activation disturbance factors of the current three channels is determined to be 0.308. The sum of the activation disturbance factors of the current three channels 0.308 is less than the preset disturbance threshold constant 0.35, and the system judges that it is in a safe scheduling state, allowing the three channels to be opened in the planned order to perform the relay closing operation. If the calculation result is that the sum of the activation disturbance factors of the current three channels is 0.4, which is greater than the preset disturbance threshold constant 0.35, the system will judge that it enters the activation instability critical state, immediately enters the inhibition protection mode, suspends the closing of the newly added channel, and waits for 1 zero-crossing period to recalculate the disturbance factor of each channel, and determines whether to continue to open the channel based on the activation disturbance factor.

[0044] In step S106, the intelligent charging function restart module is used to acquire the power change when the channel load is replaced through the sampling chip, determine whether the overload protection mechanism is triggered, and determine the current optimal channel combination to restart the intelligent charging function.

[0045] The sampling chip is used to record the power change of the opened channels in real time, and the total power of all channels is calculated in real time when the load of a channel is replaced. If the sum exceeds the preset maximum carrying power threshold, the overload protection mechanism is triggered, all channel power supplies are disconnected through the relay array at the zero-crossing of alternating current, and power supply is stopped. After triggering the overload protection mechanism and power off, the electrical parameter data of each channel is recorded at a preset time interval, and the channel combination with the maximum total power and meeting the power limit is selected as the current optimal channel combination. Based on the determined current optimal channel combination, the channel is opened, and the intelligent charging function is restarted.

[0046] For example, by sampling the power of each open channel in real time, if there are four channels open, channel 1, channel 2, channel 3 and channel 4, and their powers are 500W, 700W, 600W and 800W respectively, the total power of all channels is calculated in real time: 500W + 700W + 600W + 800W = 2600W. If the maximum load threshold of the system is set to 3000W, the current total power 2600W is less than the maximum load threshold, so the system continues to run and does not trigger the overload protection. However, if the load of channel 2 changes at this time, the load increases, causing the power of channel 2 to rise to 1100W, the system immediately recalculates the total power of all channels as 500W + 1100W + 600W + 800W, and the total power is 3000W. Although the total power is equal to the maximum load threshold at this time, in actual situations, if the power fluctuates slightly, the system will consider the risk of overload, so the overload protection mechanism is triggered. After triggering the overload protection mechanism, the system disconnects all channel power supplies through the relay array at the zero crossing of the alternating current, stops power supply, and avoids equipment damage or safety hazards caused by power exceeding the threshold. Then it enters the power-off cooling state and records the electrical parameter data of each channel one by one at a preset interval of one minute. After data collection, the power of channel 1 is 500W, the load of channel 2 changes, the power is 900W, the power of channel 3 is 600W, and the power of channel 4 is 700W. The total power of all channels is calculated again, and it is found that the power of channel 3 and channel 4 remains low after the load changes, so the system selects the channel combination with the maximum total power and meets the power limit. At this time, channel 2, channel 3 and channel 4 are selected to form a new optimal channel combination, because the total power of the current optimal channel combination is 900W + 600W + 700W = 2200W, which is still less than the maximum load threshold 3000W. Based on this optimal channel combination, the system reopens the three channels and restarts the intelligent charging function. Through this process, the system can ensure timely calculation and adjustment of power distribution when the load changes, avoid the risk of overload, and continue to provide stable charging services. At the same time, the system can quickly respond and recover to normal working state when overload occurs.

[0047] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and the explanation of the technical principles applied. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the application involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above technical features, and should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the concept of the present application. The above features are replaced with each other to form technical solutions with similar functions disclosed in the present application (but not limited to) to form technical solutions.

Claims

1. An intelligent power management system with adaptive power sorting, characterized in that, The system includes: The electrical parameter data sampling module is used to configure the communication baud rate of the sampling chip using a serial port protocol, obtain the electrical parameter data output by the sampling chip, and record the electrical parameter data of each channel sequentially based on a preset sampling period to determine the current effective power of each channel. The channel combination power sorting module is used to determine the channel combination with the maximum total power and that meets the power limit as the optimal channel combination based on the electrical parameter data of each channel, and to activate the intelligent charging function. The zero-crossing detection module is used to sample the input signal of the optocoupler, obtain the output waveform of the optocoupler in different periods, and determine that the optocoupler outputs a high-level signal when it crosses zero. The zero-point synchronization closing control module is used to identify the zero-crossing trigger based on the voltage value of the zero-point detection signal, and control the relay to close during the zero-point crossing phase based on the low level trigger of the zero-point detection signal when crossing the zero point. The activation instability critical state identification module is used to determine the activation interference factor of each channel based on the current active power of each channel and the time of triggering the zero crossing of each channel, identify the activation instability critical state, and enter the suppression protection mode. The intelligent charging function restart module is used to obtain the power change when the channel load changes through the sampling chip, determine whether the overload protection mechanism is triggered, determine the current optimal channel combination, and restart the intelligent charging function.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The electrical parameter data sampling module is used to configure the communication baud rate of the sampling chip using a serial port protocol, acquire the electrical parameter data output by the sampling chip, and, based on a preset sampling period, sequentially record the electrical parameter data of each channel to determine the current effective power of each channel, including: The non-isolated step-down power supply connected to the power acquisition section of the system outputs power to the VCC pin of the sampling chip through the voltage adjustment module. The serial port protocol is used to configure the communication baud rate of the sampling chip to obtain the electrical parameter data output by the sampling chip. The electrical parameter data includes voltage, current, power factor, active power, and reactive power. A serial port receive interrupt mechanism is constructed to receive and store the transmitted electrical parameter data. The integrity of the received electrical parameter data is verified through a CRC data verification mechanism. A preset first time interval is set as the sampling period. The electrical parameter data of each channel is recorded in sequence, and the mean, variance, maximum value, and minimum value of the electrical parameter data of each channel are calculated to obtain the current effective power status of each channel.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The channel power sorting module is used to determine the optimal channel combination based on the electrical parameter data of each channel, which has the maximum total power and meets the power limit, and to activate the intelligent charging function, including: Based on the electrical parameter data of each channel, the active power of each channel is sorted using a quick sorting algorithm, and the sorted channel order is recorded. The total power of all channel combinations is calculated using a combination traversal method, and all combinations whose total power is less than the preset maximum carrying power threshold are selected to obtain channel combinations that meet the power limit. The channel combination with the largest total power that meets the power limit is selected as the optimal channel combination. Based on the determined optimal channel combination, the channel is opened and the intelligent charging function is activated. If a power drop in an already opened channel is detected, the system will continue to open the channels that are not yet open within the preset maximum power carrying capacity threshold range until all channels are open, and will exit the smart charging function when all channels are open.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The zero-crossing detection module is used to sample the input signal of the optocoupler, acquire the output waveform of the optocoupler at different periods, and determine that the optocoupler outputs a high-level signal at the zero-crossing point, including: Based on the selected optimal channel combination, a zero-crossing detection circuit is used. The input voltage waveform of the optocoupler is sampled using an oscilloscope, connecting the input pins to the AC input terminals. The output waveform of the optocoupler in different cycles is determined by the voltage changes of the phototransistor during the positive half-cycle, negative half-cycle, and zero-crossing point. If the optocoupler is in the positive or negative half-cycle, the AC input voltage is lower than the preset conduction threshold of the internal LED, causing the LED to stop emitting light, the internal LED to turn off, and the phototransistor at the output of the optocoupler to cut off, resulting in a high-level output. If the optocoupler is in the zero-crossing phase, the AC input voltage is higher than the preset conduction threshold of the internal LED, the phototransistor to conduct, and a low-level output is generated. By adjusting the oscilloscope trigger mode to match the AC signal frequency and comparing the waveforms of multiple cycles, it is confirmed that the optocoupler outputs a high-level signal at the zero-crossing point. This signal, after passing through a transistor switching circuit, outputs a low-level signal as the zero-crossing detection signal, thus determining the zero-crossing detection signal as the zero-crossing signal.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The zero-point synchronization closing control module is used to identify zero-crossing trigger based on the voltage value of the zero-point detection signal, and control the relay to close during the zero-point crossing phase based on the low-level trigger of the zero-point detection signal when crossing the zero point, including: The ADC sampling module sets a preset second time interval as the sampling period to continuously sample the zero-point detection signal, record the voltage state, and store the zero-point detection signal data in a FIFO buffer queue. If the voltage value of the zero-point detection signal is lower than a preset voltage threshold, it is determined to be a zero-crossing trigger; if the voltage value of the zero-point detection signal is higher than the preset voltage threshold, it is determined to be a non-zero-point period. Based on the sampled data, the zero-point trigger time is determined, and a high level is output to the base of the relay driving transistor via GPIO. According to the low level trigger of the zero-point detection signal when crossing the zero point, the relay is controlled to close during the zero-point crossing phase. The timing relationship between the GPIO output and the zero-point detection signal is monitored by a logic analyzer to determine the synchronicity between the relay closing and the zero-point crossing.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The activation instability critical state identification module is used to determine the activation interference factor of each channel based on the current active power of each channel and the zero-crossing time of each channel, identify the activation instability critical state, and enter the suppression protection mode, including: Obtain the current active power of each channel, the time of each channel's zero-crossing, and the average power of each channel within a preset time window, and use the channel perturbation weighting formula. Determine the channel perturbation weight W for the i-th channel. i ,in, The average power of the i-th channel within a preset time window. Let n be the average power of the j-th channel within a preset time window, and n be the total number of channels participating in scheduling. Based on the zero-crossing time of each channel, determine the time interval between the zero-crossing point of a channel and the zero-crossing point of the previous channel. Combined with the channel disturbance weights of each channel, use the channel activation interference factor formula. Determine the activation interference factor D of the i-th channel. i , where P i Let P be the current active power of the i-th channel. max To preset the maximum carrying power threshold, ΔT i Let T′ be the time interval between the zero-crossing point triggered by the i-th channel and the zero-crossing point triggered by the previous channel, and let T′ be the preset maximum time interval threshold for synchronization operation. Based on the activation interference factors of each channel, calculate the sum of activation interference factors for the currently opened channels. If the sum of activation interference factors for the currently opened channels is greater than the preset disturbance threshold constant, the system is determined to be in an activation instability critical state, enters suppression protection mode, suspends the opening of new channels, waits for one zero-crossing cycle, re-evaluates the activation interference factors, and determines whether to continue opening channels based on the activation interference factors. If the sum of activation interference factors for the currently opened channels is less than the preset disturbance threshold constant, the current scheduling is allowed, and channels continue to be opened.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The intelligent charging function restart module is used to obtain power changes during channel load switching through a sampling chip, determine whether an overload protection mechanism has been triggered, determine the current optimal channel combination, and restart the intelligent charging function, including: The sampling chip records the power changes of the open channels in real time, and calculates the total power of all channels in real time when the load of a certain channel is changed. If the total exceeds the preset maximum carrying power threshold, the overload protection mechanism is triggered. When the AC power crosses zero, the power supply to all channels is disconnected through the relay array, and the power supply is stopped. After the overload protection mechanism is triggered and the power is cut off, the electrical parameter data of each channel is recorded sequentially at preset time intervals. The channel combination with the maximum total power and that meets the power limit is selected as the current optimal channel combination. Based on the determined current optimal channel combination, the channel is opened and the smart charging function is restarted.

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