High-efficiency and high-yield cultivation method for Cinnamomum camphora

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency and high-yield cultivation method for Cinnamomum villosum and belongs to the technical field of Cinnamomum villosum Cultivation.According to the method, Cinnamomum villosum plants are subjected to treatments such as topping and branch pulling in specific time, and growth promoting agents for promoting root growth of the Cinnamomum villosum plants and regulating nutrient absorption in different stages are cooperatively applied, so that the yield of the Cinnamomum villosum plants is increased; through the combined action, the Litsea coreana plants are promoted to form more branches, short, strong and thick tree body forms are formed through transformation, the growth amount of branches and leaves of the Litsea coreana is increased, and therefore the yield of the Litsea coreana is increased, and the method has good application prospects in the field of Litsea coreana production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang cultivation, in particular to a high-efficiency and high-yield cultivation method of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang. BACKGROUND

[0002] Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang is a small arbor of Lauraceae and Litsea. Old eagle tea made of fresh leaves of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang has been used as a beverage since ancient times, has health care effects such as quenching thirst, clearing heat and detoxifying, and is favored by the market, showing high application value and economic value. The increasing market supply-demand gap and the enhancement of people's health consciousness also accelerate the rapid development of the Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang industry.

[0003] The production of old eagle tea is based on the harvesting of tender leaves of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang. The actual cultivation purpose of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang is mostly to obtain high-yield and high-quality fresh leaf raw materials. However, the current research on Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang mainly focuses on morphological characteristics and geographical distribution, chemical composition and pharmacological action, physiological characteristics, molecular biology, etc., and less on how to obtain high-yield and high-quality fresh leaf raw materials. In the conventional cultivation process, in order to improve the yield of old eagle tea, the method of applying fertilizer is generally used to promote the growth of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang to obtain more fresh leaf raw materials. However, Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang is a tree species with strong apical dominance, and blind application of fertilizer not only cannot better improve the yield of old eagle tea, but also leads to the growth of the plant being too high to be easily picked, and reduces the windproof performance, and the plant is prone to lodging.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to find a high-efficiency and high-yield cultivation method of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang to effectively improve the yield of old eagle tea and solve the problem that the conventional fertilization method has limited improvement in the yield of old eagle tea and easily leads to the growth of the plant being too high to be easily picked and the plant being prone to lodging. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a high-efficiency and high-yield cultivation method of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang to solve the problem that the conventional fertilization method has limited improvement in the yield of old eagle tea and easily leads to the growth of the plant being too high to be easily picked and the plant being prone to lodging.

[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A high-efficiency and high-yield cultivation method of Litsea coreana Levl.var.lanuginose(Migo) Yang et P.H.Huang, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Seedling planting: in November and December, 2-3-year-old seedlings with a ground diameter of 0.4-0.5 cm and first layer branches at a distance of 40-50 cm from the ground are selected for transplanting and planting, and 0.1% methylthiophanate and potassium fulvate are prepared to make rooting water, which is poured thoroughly after the seedlings are transplanted;

[0009] (2) Pinching: In July-August of the second year of seedling planting, the middle dominant branches are pinched according to a length of 3-4 cm, 2-3 pairs of buds are retained to cultivate the second layer of lateral branches, and the remaining pinched lateral branches are the first layer of lateral branches;

[0010] (3) Fertilization: In November of each year, after soil turning and weeding, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer are applied, specifically, the amount of organic fertilizer is 2-2.5 kg / plant, and the amount of compound fertilizer is 100 g / plant; in May of each year, a growth promoter is applied in an amount of 1-2 kg / plant;

[0011] (4) Branch pulling: In the third year of planting, the first layer of lateral branches grow into main trunk branches and grow into upright branches, the upright branches are pulled to be parallel to the ground in July-September, and the remaining buds on the middle dominant branches after pinching in step (2) grow into the second layer of lateral branches and grow into new buds, the top buds of the new buds are pinched, the remaining new buds continue to grow, and the second layer of lateral branches are pulled to be parallel to the ground;

[0012] (5) Pruning: when the height of the Cinnamomum subavenium plant reaches 130-140 cm and the crown width reaches 50-60 cm, the plant is topped and leaves are retained for light picking, the plant height is ensured to be less than 150 cm, the number of buds on each branch on the inner lateral branches is controlled to be 4-5, and weak branches and dead branches are pruned in time;

[0013] (6) Picking: the tender leaves are picked in spring each year to obtain old eagle tea, and the leaves are pinched off at 1-2 cm below the leaves.

[0014] Further, in step (1), the row spacing of seedling planting is 1.75 m, and the plant spacing is 1.5 m.

[0015] Further, in step (1), base fertilizer is applied during seedling planting, the fertilizer is mixed and evenly distributed with soil at the crown width, in an amount of 1.5-2 kg / plant, and then applied at a depth of 20-30 cm and a width of 25-40 cm; the base fertilizer is a mixture of decomposed manure and compound fertilizer in a mass ratio of 20:1, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 15%.

[0016] Further, the growth promoter in step (3) comprises the following raw materials:

[0017] sodium alginate, calcium chloride, konjac glucomannan, indole-3-butyric acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, n-tridecanol, urea, xanthan gum, glycolic acid ethyl ester, carbodiimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide, diatomite, catechol.

[0018] Further, the preparation method of the growth promoter is as follows:

[0019] A: Xanthan gum is added to water and stirred to disperse, then carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide are added, the pH is adjusted to 6-7, and then stirred at room temperature for 30 min, then glycolate ethyl ester is dissolved in ethanol and added, and then continuously stirred for 2-6 h, and then vacuum dried at 40-60℃ and 10-40 mbar for 12 h to obtain modified xanthan gum;

[0020] B: The modified xanthan gum is added to water and stirred to disperse, then catechol is added, continuously stirred at room temperature for 30 min, then urea is added and mixed uniformly, then the pH is adjusted to 7, then diatomite is added and stirred to mix uniformly, then put into a granulator to granulate, and then dried to constant weight to obtain core layer particles;

[0021] C: N-tridecanol is heated to 40℃ and stirred to melt, then sprayed onto the surface of the core layer particles while hot, and then transferred to 4℃ and refrigerated overnight to obtain isolation layer embedded particles;

[0022] D: Sodium alginate is added to water to dissolve to prepare a 3wt% sodium alginate solution, konjac glucomannan is added to the sodium alginate solution and mixed uniformly, then indolebutyric acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are added and stirred to mix uniformly to obtain a suspension, the isolation layer embedded particles are added to the suspension, slowly stirred for 3-5 min, then taken out and put into a 2wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension, the surface suspension is fully gelled, then taken out and put into the suspension again, slowly stirred for 3-5 min, then taken out and put into a 2wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension again, then taken out and washed with clean water to obtain a growth promoter.

[0023] Further, the mass ratio of xanthan gum, carbodiimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide and glycolate ethyl ester in step A is (0.5-1) : (0.01-0.02) : (0.02-0.03) : (0.05-0.1).

[0024] Further, the mass ratio of modified xanthan gum, catechol, urea and diatomite in step B is (0.5-1) : (0.05-0.1) : (8-15) : (3-5).

[0025] Further, the particle size of the core layer particles in step B is 4-6 mm.

[0026] Further, the mass ratio of sodium alginate, konjac glucomannan, indolebutyric acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate in the suspension of step D is (0.5-1) : (0.01-0.02) : (0.001-0.002) : (2-3) : (1-2).

[0027] The growth process of a plant can be divided into two stages of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, generally taking flower bud differentiation as a dividing point, before the flower bud differentiation, mainly being a vegetative growth stage, mainly being growth of vegetative organs such as roots, stems and leaves; after the flower bud differentiation, entering a reproductive growth stage, mainly being growth and development of reproductive organs such as flowers, fruits and seeds; the reproductive growth needs to consume a large amount of nutrients, and competes with nutrients required for maintaining the continuous growth of leaf and other vegetative organs, and vigorous reproductive growth will preferentially allocate nutrients, thereby inhibiting vegetative growth; in order to promote the growth of branches and leaves of Litseae pungens to obtain more high-quality fresh leaves of old eagle tea, the application further processes Litseae pungens by applying a growth promoter in addition to pruning and branch pulling and other management operations, the growth promoter inhibits reproductive growth by promoting root growth of Litseae pungens and regulating nutrient absorption in the vegetative growth stage and the reproductive growth stage, so that more nutrients flow to the vegetative growth stage, thereby realizing high-yield cultivation of Litseae pungens.

[0028] Since the flower bud differentiation is the start of the reproductive growth, inhibiting the flower bud differentiation of Litseae pungens can effectively inhibit the reproductive growth of Litseae pungens in the later period, phosphorus is a key element for the flower bud differentiation, and the lack of phosphorus can inhibit the flower bud differentiation of Litseae pungens, and nitrogen is an important nutrient for the growth of Litseae pungens, but a high nitrogen content will inhibit the flower bud differentiation in the flower bud differentiation stage, the application reduces the supply of phosphorus during the flower bud differentiation period by applying the growth promoter, and creates a high-nitrogen environment to inhibit the flower bud differentiation, thereby realizing the purpose of inhibiting the reproductive growth in the later period.

[0029] Specifically, the outermost layer of the growth promoter is obtained by loading indole butyric acid, di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate in sodium alginate gel, when the growth promoter is applied to the soil, di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate loaded in the sodium alginate gel releases hydrogen phosphate, competes with the sodium alginate gel for calcium ions, so that the structure of the sodium alginate gel cross-linked by calcium ions is disintegrated, and the loaded indole butyric acid, di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are rapidly released, the indole butyric acid promotes the root growth of Litseae pungens in combination with other components, the strong root system can absorb more water and nutrients, promote the photosynthesis of the aboveground leaves, and increase the dry matter accumulation, and sufficient photosynthetic products will provide necessary nutrients for the growth and development of the root system, the two complement each other, effectively promote the vegetative growth of Litseae pungens, and the strong root system can better improve the lodging resistance of Litseae pungens.

[0030] In July, the Mao Bao skin enters the flower bud differentiation stage, and then enters the reproductive growth, at this time, the temperature rises, the outer layer of the growth regulator decomposes and falls off, and then the isolation layer embeds the particles, because the ground temperature is high, the tridecanol in the isolation layer of the isolation layer embeds the particles reaches the melting point and melts, and then the inner core layer particles are exposed, the inner core layer particles release a high amount of urea embedded in the inner core layer, so that the Mao Bao skin root system enters a high-nitrogen environment, and the high-nitrogen environment inhibits the differentiation of Mao Bao skin flower buds; further, the present application adds catechol to treat the xanthan gum embedding urea in the inner core layer particles, adjusts the surface chemical properties of the xanthan gum to promote the adsorption and fixation of phosphorus in the acidic soil, so as to inhibit the absorption of Mao Bao skin in the flower bud differentiation stage, and the high-nitrogen environment and the lack of phosphorus environment jointly inhibit the flower bud differentiation of Mao Bao skin, and then realize the purpose of inhibiting the late reproductive growth.

[0031] In order to ensure that the urea embedded in the inner core layer particles is released in time, and create a high-nitrogen environment to inhibit the differentiation of Mao Bao skin flower buds, the present application uses glycolic acid ethyl ester to treat the material xanthan gum to obtain modified xanthan gum embedding urea, and the glycolic acid ethyl ester reacts with the xanthan gum molecular chain to introduce an acid-sensitive ester bond. When the isolation layer tridecanol melts and flows away, the inner core layer particles contact the acidic soil of Mao Bao skin, promote the hydrolysis of the ester bond and break the chain of the xanthan gum, so as to release urea in time to form a high-nitrogen environment.

[0032] Advantages:

[0033] According to the specific method, the Mao Bao skin seedlings are treated by removing the terminal buds and pulling the branches, and the growth regulator for adjusting the nutrient supply and absorption of plants at different stages is applied, so that the original branching habit of the plants is changed, the number of effective branches of the plants is increased, the branches are reasonably distributed, the crown surface is widened to the greatest extent, the nutrient growth is promoted, the plants are shaped into short, strong and wide trees, and the Mao Bao skin tea yield is effectively improved, so that the present application has good application prospect in the production field of eagle tea. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 : It is the growth condition picture of Mao Bao skin cultivated in experimental group 1 in the experiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present application will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and drawings:

[0036] Example 1: Preparation of growth regulator I

[0037] A: 0.7 kg xanthan gum is added to 14 kg water and stirred to disperse, then 0.015 kg carbodiimide and 0.025 kg N-hydroxysuccinimide are added, the pH is adjusted to 6.5, and stirring is performed at room temperature for 30 min, then 0.07 kg ethyl glycolate is dissolved in 0.7 kg ethanol and added, and stirring is continued for 4 h, after the reaction is completed, vacuum drying is performed at a temperature of 50 °C and a vacuum degree of 25 mbar for 12 h to obtain modified xanthan gum;

[0038] B: 0.7 kg modified xanthan gum is added to 14 kg water and stirred to disperse, then 0.07 kg catechol is added, stirring is continued at room temperature for 30 min, then 12 kg urea is added and stirred to mix uniformly, the pH is adjusted to 7, then 4 kg diatomite is added and stirred to mix uniformly, then it is put into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of about 5 mm, and after drying to constant weight, the inner core layer particles are obtained;

[0039] C: n-tridecanol is heated to 40 °C and stirred to melt, then it is sprayed hot onto the surface of the inner core layer particles, the spraying amount is 2% of the mass of the inner core layer particles, after spraying is completed, it is immediately transferred to 4 °C for cold storage overnight to obtain the isolation layer embedded particles;

[0040] D: 0.7 kg sodium alginate is dissolved in water to prepare a 3 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.015 kg konjac glucomannan is added to the sodium alginate solution and mixed uniformly, then 0.0015 kg indolebutyric acid, 2.5 kg diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 1.5 kg potassium sulfate are added and stirred to mix uniformly to obtain a suspension, the isolation layer embedded particles are added to the suspension, slowly stirred for 4 min, then taken out and put into a 2 wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension, after the surface suspension is fully gelled, it is taken out and put into the suspension again, slowly stirred for 4 min, then taken out and put into a 2 wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension again, then taken out and washed with clean water to obtain the growth promoter.

[0041] Example 2: Preparation of growth promoter II

[0042] A: 0.5 kg xanthan gum is added to 10 kg water and stirred to disperse, then 0.01 kg carbodiimide and 0.02 kg N-hydroxysuccinimide are added, the pH is adjusted to 6, and stirring is performed at room temperature for 30 min, then 0.05 kg ethyl glycolate is dissolved in 0.5 kg ethanol and added, and stirring is continued for 2 h, after the reaction is completed, vacuum drying is performed at a temperature of 40 °C and a vacuum degree of 10 mbar for 12 h to obtain modified xanthan gum;

[0043] B: 0.5 kg of modified xanthan gum was added to 10 kg of water and stirred to disperse, then 0.05 kg of catechol was added, and the stirring reaction was continued at room temperature for 30 min, then 8 kg of urea was added and mixed uniformly, the pH was adjusted to 7, then 3 kg of diatomite was added and stirred and mixed uniformly, then it was put into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of about 5 mm, and then dried to constant weight to obtain the inner core layer particles;

[0044] C: The n-tridecanol was heated to 40℃ and stirred to melt, then sprayed onto the surface of the inner core layer particles while hot, the spraying amount was 2% of the mass of the inner core layer particles, and immediately after spraying, it was transferred to 4℃ for cold storage overnight to obtain the isolation layer embedded particles;

[0045] D: 0.5 kg of sodium alginate was dissolved in water to prepare a 3 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.01 kg of konjac glucomannan was added to the sodium alginate solution and mixed uniformly, then 0.001 kg of indole butyric acid, 2 kg of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 1 kg of potassium sulfate were added and stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain a suspension, the isolation layer embedded particles were added to the suspension, slowly stirred for 3 min, then taken out and put into a 2 wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension, after the surface suspension was fully gelled, it was taken out and put into the suspension again, slowly stirred for 3 min, then taken out and put into a 2 wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension again, then taken out and washed with water to obtain the growth promoter.

[0046] Example 3: Preparation of growth promoter three

[0047] A: 1 kg of xanthan gum was added to 20 kg of water and stirred to disperse, then 0.02 kg of carbodiimide and 0.03 kg of N-hydroxysuccinimide were added, the pH was adjusted to 7, and the stirring reaction was continued at room temperature for 30 min, then 0.1 kg of ethyl glycolate was dissolved in 1 kg of ethanol and added, the stirring reaction was continued for 6 h, and after the reaction was completed, vacuum drying was carried out at a temperature of 60℃ and a vacuum degree of 40 mbar for 12 h to obtain the modified xanthan gum;

[0048] B: 1 kg of modified xanthan gum was added to 20 kg of water and stirred to disperse, then 0.1 kg of catechol was added, and the stirring reaction was continued at room temperature for 30 min, then 15 kg of urea was added and mixed uniformly, the pH was adjusted to 7, then 5 kg of diatomite was added and stirred and mixed uniformly, then it was put into a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of about 5 mm, and then dried to constant weight to obtain the inner core layer particles;

[0049] C: The n-tridecanol was heated to 40℃ and stirred to melt, then sprayed onto the surface of the inner core layer particles while hot, the spraying amount was 2% of the mass of the inner core layer particles, and immediately after spraying, it was transferred to 4℃ for cold storage overnight to obtain the isolation layer embedded particles;

[0050] D: 1 kg of sodium alginate was dissolved in water to prepare a 3 wt% sodium alginate solution, 0.02 kg of konjac glucomannan was added to the sodium alginate solution and mixed uniformly, 0.002 kg of indole butyric acid, 3 kg of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 2 kg of potassium sulfate were added and mixed uniformly to prepare a suspension, the isolation layer embedding particles were added to the suspension, stirred slowly for 5 min, then taken out and placed in a 2 wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension, after the surface suspension was sufficiently gelled, it was taken out and placed in the suspension again, stirred slowly for 5 min, then taken out and placed in a 2 wt% calcium chloride solution to gel the surface suspension again, then taken out and washed with water to obtain the growth promoter.

[0051] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of growth promoter

[0052] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 1, the growth promoter is prepared without the original Step A, that is, the xanthan gum is not modified, but a conventional xanthan gum is used, which is shown as follows:

[0053] A: 0.7 kg of xanthan gum was added to 14 kg of water and stirred to disperse, then 0.07 kg of catechol was added, and the stirring was continued at room temperature for 30 min, then 12 kg of urea was added and mixed uniformly, and then the pH was adjusted to 7, 4 kg of diatomite was added and stirred and mixed uniformly, then it was placed in a granulator to prepare particles with a particle size of about 5 mm, and then dried to constant weight to obtain the core layer particles;

[0054] B: the same as Step C of Example 1;

[0055] C: the same as Step D of Example 1.

[0056] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of growth promoter

[0057] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 2, catechol is not added in Step B when the growth promoter is prepared, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of growth promoter

[0059] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 3, the growth promoter is prepared without the original Step C, that is, the n-tridecanol is not used to treat the core layer particles, but the core layer particles are directly added to the suspension for the preparation of the growth promoter, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of growth promoter

[0061] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 4, the growth promoter is prepared without the original Step D, that is, the isolation layer embedding particles are directly used as the growth promoter, and the other steps are the same as those of Example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of growth promoter

[0063] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 5, the pH is adjusted to 6 in Step B, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 6: Preparation of growth promoter

[0065] In comparison with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 6, the pH is adjusted to 8 in Step B when the growth promoter is prepared, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 7: Preparation of growth promoter

[0067] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 7, the isolation layer embedding particles and the sodium alginate embedding particles are respectively prepared as the growth promoter A and the growth promoter B when the growth promoter is prepared, and the details are shown as follows:

[0068] A~B: the same as Example 1;

[0069] C: tridecanol is heated to 40℃ and stirred to melt, and then sprayed onto the surface of the inner core layer particles while hot, and the spraying amount is 2% of the mass of the inner core layer particles. After spraying, it is immediately transferred to 4℃ for cold storage overnight to obtain the isolation layer embedding particles, which are the growth promoter A:

[0070] D: 0.7 kg of sodium alginate is added to water to dissolve and prepare a 3wt% sodium alginate solution. 0.015 kg of konjac glucomannan is added to the sodium alginate solution and mixed uniformly. Then, 0.0015 kg of indole butyric acid, 2.5 g of diammonium hydrogen phosphate and 1.5 kg of potassium sulfate are added and fully stirred and mixed uniformly to obtain a suspension. The suspension is dropped into a 2wt% calcium chloride solution for gelation, and then taken out and washed with water to obtain the sodium alginate embedding particles, which are the growth promoter B.

[0071] Example 4: High-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum leucodrymum

[0072] (1) Seedling planting: In November, 2-year-old seedlings with a ground diameter of about 0.4 cm and first layer branches at a distance of about 40 cm from the ground are selected for transplanting and planting, and the transplanting row spacing is 1.75 m and the plant spacing is 1.5 m. Base fertilizer is applied at the same time, specifically, mature manure and compound fertilizer are mixed uniformly according to a mass ratio of 20:1 to obtain base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer and soil are mixed uniformly, and then applied at a depth of about 25 cm and a width of about 30 cm at the vertical of the crown, with an application amount of about 1.5 kg / plant. Methylthiophanate is weighed and added to water to prepare a 0.1% methylthiophanate solution, and then yellow ferulic acid potassium is added to the methylthiophanate solution in an amount of 50% of the mass of the methylthiophanate to mix uniformly to obtain rooting water, which is poured thoroughly after the seedlings are transplanted.

[0073] (2) Pinching: In July of the second year of planting, the middle dominant branch is pinched at a length of about 4 cm, 2-3 buds are retained to cultivate the second layer of lateral branches, and the remaining pinched lateral branches are the first layer of lateral branches;

[0074] (3) Fertilization: In November of the second year of planting, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer are applied after soil turning and weeding, specifically, the amount of organic fertilizer is 2 kg / plant, and the amount of compound fertilizer is 100 g / plant. In May of the third year of planting, the growth promoter prepared according to the method of Example 1 is applied at a rate of 1 kg / plant;

[0075] (4) Branch pulling: In the third year of planting, the first layer of lateral branches grow into main branches and sprout upright branches. In July, the pulled branches are pulled to keep the growth of the upright branches parallel to the ground. At the same time, the remaining buds on the middle dominant branch after pinching in step (2) grow into the second layer of lateral branches and sprout new buds. The top buds of the sprouted new buds are pinched, and the remaining new buds continue to grow. The second layer of lateral branches is also pulled to keep them parallel to the ground;

[0076] (5) Pruning: When the height of the Cinnamomum leucodon reaches 130 cm and the crown width reaches 50 cm, the top is pinched and the leaves are retained for light harvesting. The height of the plant is controlled to be no more than 150 cm, the number of buds on each branch on the inside branch is controlled to be within 5, and weak branches and dead branches are pruned in time;

[0077] (6) Harvesting: The tender leaves are harvested in spring every year to obtain old eagle tea. The leaves are pinched off at 1-2 cm below the leaf.

[0078] Test: Cinnamomum leucodon cultivation test

[0079] 1. The cultivation test of Cinnamomum leucodon was carried out in the test base of Chongqing Forestry Science Research Institute in Gaole Mountain Gao Dianzi, Shapingba District, Chongqing. The test was divided into 9 groups: test group 1, control group 1-7, blank control group, and the cultivation methods of each group were as follows:

[0080] Test group 1: The growth promoter prepared in Example 1 and the cultivation method of Example 4 were used;

[0081] Control groups 1-7: The growth promoters of Comparative Examples 1-7 and the cultivation method of Example 4 were used, respectively. In control group 7, growth promoter B was applied in May and growth promoter A was applied in July. The application amount of growth promoter A was 0.3 kg / plant, and the application amount of growth promoter B was 0.7 kg / plant;

[0082] Blank control group: No growth promoter was used, and the rest of the steps were the same as Example 4.

[0083] Each group adopts the branch seedling with the diameter of 0.4 cm, the first layer branch at about 40 cm from the ground with consistent growth conditions as the test seedling, and the number of experimental plants in each group is 8, then the single plant yield (fresh weight) of tea is recorded in the fourth year of planting, and the data is shown in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1

[0086] According to the data analysis of Table 1, it can be known that:

[0087] (1) According to the method of the present application, the cultivation of Cinnamomum subavenium can effectively increase the yield of old eagle tea, and the fresh weight of single plant yield of Cinnamomum subavenium in test group 1 can reach 1.84 kg / plant; compared with the blank control group, the single plant yield increases by 0.37 kg / plant.

[0088] (2) In the control group 1, the xanthan gum is not modified during the preparation of the growth promoter, but the conventional xanthan gum is used, and the xanthan gum used as the urea embedding material has good acid resistance, so the release of nitrogen elements in the later flower bud differentiation period is not timely, which affects the inhibition effect on reproductive growth, further affects the growth of branches and leaves, and leads to a decrease in yield; in the control group 2, catechol is not added during the preparation of the growth promoter, which cannot effectively adsorb and fix phosphorus elements, and further promotes the absorption and utilization of phosphorus elements in the reproductive growth stage, which reduces the nutrient growth, and leads to a decrease in tea yield; in the control group 3, n-tridecanol is not added during the preparation of the growth promoter, which has poor isolation performance for the inner layer embedded urea, leading to the release of urea in the early stage, affecting the creation of high nitrogen environment in the later stage, and the inhibition effect on reproductive growth is poor, which affects the nutrient growth of branches and leaves, and leads to a decrease in yield;

[0089] (3) In the control group 4, the isolation layer embedded particles are directly used as the growth promoter, which lacks the promotion effect of di-ammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate on nutrient growth, and also lacks the inhibition effect of sodium alginate gel embedding layer on the release of urea in the isolation layer embedded particles, which leads to poor nutrient growth and poor inhibition effect on reproductive growth, and results in a serious decrease in yield; in the control group 5, the pH is adjusted to 6 in step B, and in the control group 6, the pH is adjusted to 8 in step B, the acidic and alkaline environment causes the degradation of modified xanthan gum in the inner core layer particle embedding material, and urea is released in advance, which reduces the inhibition effect on reproductive growth, and thus affects the growth of branches and leaves and reduces the yield;

[0090] (4) In the control group 7, the growth promoter is prepared into isolation layer embedded particles and sodium alginate particles respectively, and is applied at corresponding time, the yield of old eagle tea is not obvious compared with the experimental group 1, but the operation of applying the growth promoter is increased, and the labor cost is increased.

[0091] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, and all should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application. The technical, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the present application are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and high-yield cultivation method for *Cinnamomum camphora*, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) seedling planting: in November to December, 2-3 year old seedlings with ground diameter of 0.4-0.5 cm and first layer branches at a distance of 40-50 cm from the ground are transplanted and planted, and 0.1% methylthiophanate and potassium fulvate are prepared to root water, which is poured thoroughly after the seedlings are transplanted; (2) top pruning: in July to August of the second year after the seedlings are planted, the middle dominant branch is pruned according to the length of 3-4 cm, 2-3 buds are reserved to cultivate second layer lateral branches, and the remaining unpruned lateral branches are first layer lateral branches; (3) fertilization: in November of each year after the seedlings are transplanted, organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer are applied after soil turning and weeding, specifically, the application amount of organic fertilizer is 2-2.5 kg / plant, and the application amount of compound fertilizer is 100 g / plant; in May of each year after the seedlings are transplanted, 1-2 kg / plant of growth promoter is applied; (4) branch pulling: in the third year after planting, the first layer lateral branches grow into main trunk branches and straight branches grow out, the straight branches are pulled to keep parallel to the ground in July to September, the buds reserved on the middle dominant branches after top pruning in step (2) grow into second layer lateral branches and new buds grow out, the top buds of the new buds are pruned, the remaining new buds continue to grow, and the second layer lateral branches are pulled to keep parallel to the ground; (5) pruning: when the height of the Cinnamomum subavenium plant reaches 130-140 cm and the crown width reaches 50-60 cm, the top is pruned to leave leaves for light picking, the plant is pruned to ensure that the height of the plant does not exceed 150 cm, the number of buds on each branch of the inner lateral branches is controlled within 4-5, and weak branches and dead branches are pruned in time; (6) picking: the tender leaves are picked in spring every year to obtain old eagle tea, which can be picked by pinching off at 1-2 cm below the leaves.

2. The efficient and high-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum subavenium according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the row spacing of seedling planting is 1.75 m, and the plant spacing is 1.5 m.

3. The efficient and high-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum subavenium according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), base fertilizer is applied during seedling planting, the fertilizer is mixed and evenly distributed with soil at the crown vertical position, the application amount is 1.5-2 kg / plant, then the application is performed at a depth of 20-30 cm and a width of 25-40 cm; the base fertilizer is mixed and applied by mixing mature manure and compound fertilizer at a mass ratio of 20:1, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the compound fertilizer is 15%.

4. The efficient and high-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum subavenium according to claim 3, characterized in that, The growth promoter in step (3) comprises the following raw materials: sodium alginate, calcium chloride, konjac glucomannan, indole-3-butyric acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, n-tridecanol, urea, xanthan gum, glycolic acid ethyl ester, carbodiimide, N-hydroxysuccinimide, diatomite, o-diphenol.

5. The efficient and high-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum subavenium according to claim 4, characterized in that, The preparation method of the growth promoter is as follows: A: xanthan gum is added to water and stirred and dispersed, then carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide are added, the pH is adjusted to 6-7, and then stirred at room temperature for 30 min, then glycolic acid ethyl ester is dissolved in ethanol and added, and the stirring reaction is continued for 2-6 h, and then the modified xanthan gum is obtained by vacuum drying at a temperature of 40-60 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 10-40 mbar for 12 h. B: the modified xanthan gum is added into water and stirred to disperse, then the catechol is added, and the stirring reaction is continuously carried out at room temperature for 30 min, then the urea is added and uniformly mixed, and then the pH is adjusted to 7, and then the diatomite is added and uniformly mixed, and then the mixture is put into a granulator to be granulated, and then dried to constant weight to obtain the inner core layer particles; C: the n-tridecanol is heated to 40℃ and stirred to be melted, and then sprayed onto the surface of the inner core layer particles, and then transferred into a 4℃ environment to be refrigerated overnight to obtain the isolation layer embedded particles; D: the sodium alginate is added into water to be dissolved to prepare a 3wt% sodium alginate solution, the konjac glucomannan is added into the sodium alginate solution and uniformly mixed, and then the indolebutyric acid, diammonium hydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate are added and uniformly mixed to obtain a suspension, the isolation layer embedded particles are added into the suspension, and then slowly stirred for 3-5 min, and then taken out and put into a 2wt% calcium chloride solution to make the surface suspension gel, and then taken out after the surface suspension is sufficiently gelled, and then put into the suspension again, and then slowly stirred for 3-5 min, and then taken out and put into the 2wt% calcium chloride solution to make the surface suspension gel again, and then taken out and washed with clean water to obtain the growth promoter.

6. The efficient and high-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum subavenium according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the xanthan gum, the carbodiimide, the N-hydroxysuccinimide, and the glycolate ethyl ester in step A is (0.5-1):(0.01-0.02):(0.02-0.03):(0.05-0.1).

7. The efficient and high-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum subavenium according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the modified xanthan gum, the catechol, the urea, and the diatomite in step B is (0.5-1):(0.05-0.1):(8-15):(3-5).

8. The efficient and high-yield cultivation method of Cinnamomum subavenium according to claim 7, characterized in that, The particle size of the inner core layer particles in step B is 4-6 mm.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The mass ratio of the sodium alginate, the konjac glucomannan, the indolebutyric acid, the diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and the potassium sulfate in the suspension in step D is (0.5-1):(0.01-0.02):(0.001-0.002):(2-3):(1-2).

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