Water management method suitable for low-latitude plateau lake basin dry land tail water recharge rice field

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of irrigation and water conservancy engineering, and discloses a water management method suitable for a low-latitude plateau lake drainage basin dry land tail water recharge paddy field, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, field management; step S2, water management; and S3, tail water recharge management. According to the water management method suitable for recharging the tail water of the dry land in the low-latitude plateau lake basin into the rice field, the farmland tail water generated in the upstream dry land is converted into recyclable water resources from traditional pollutants, and the farmland tail water is recharged into the downstream rice field through the water collecting ditch for secondary utilization, so that the irrigation water taking amount of the rice field for lakes and underground water is remarkably reduced; the cyclic utilization efficiency of agricultural water resources in the river basin is improved, the paddy field serves as a regulation, storage and purification area of tail water, the tail water provides an important interception and buffer zone before entering the lake, paddy field soil and rice plants have adsorption and degradation effects on pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and therefore the total amount of the pollutants discharged into the lake is greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of farmland water conservancy, in particular to a water management method suitable for low-latitude highland lake basin dry land tail water recharge paddy field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Low-latitude highland lakes are important ecological environments for human survival, and the protection of their water resources is of great significance to human survival and development. It is important to continuously promote the protection and management of the nine highland lakes, minimize the impact and damage of human production and life on the lakes, and plant a large number of food crops and highland characteristic agricultural products in the lake basin. These lake basins are important agricultural production areas, and the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the tail water of farmland enter the water body through leaching and runoff, which is one of the main pollution sources leading to lake eutrophication and water quality deterioration.

[0003] Taking the Erhai Lake basin as an example, this area is an important water source in Dali and a typical agricultural planting area. The main planting structure in the large spring season is "corn, vegetables-rice". After rainfall, the corn and vegetable fields in the upstream dry land are prone to produce surface runoff rich in nitrogen and phosphorus, i.e. farmland tail water. If this part of tail water is directly discharged into Erhai Lake, it will cause serious water pollution. Currently, to solve this problem, the local government has built ecological ponds and other engineering measures in each district to recover and purify the tail water of farmland. However, due to the concentration of rainfall in the basin and the limited capacity of the ecological ponds, during the rainy season, the ecological ponds often cannot completely accommodate all the dry land tail water, resulting in a large amount of tail water that has not been fully treated being directly discharged into the lake, posing a continuous threat to the water quality of the lake.

[0004] Rice is the main food crop in Yunnan, and ensuring its yield is crucial to maintaining regional food security. At the same time, as an artificial wetland system, paddy fields have a large water storage capacity and strong pollutant degradation capacity. According to the water-loving characteristics of rice, it can tolerate short-term deep water irrigation during the critical growth period without causing yield reduction. Therefore, in theory, paddy fields can be used as ideal storage areas in the basin to intercept, store, and purify the tail water from the upstream dry land, thereby reducing the inflow of surface runoff into the lake and reducing non-point source pollution.

[0005] Currently, there is a lack of scientific and quantitative field water management techniques for utilizing paddy fields to store tail water. Existing irrigation management focuses on water saving and yield increase, and does not systematically couple with the storage of upstream tail water. In particular, in the specific scenario of low-latitude highland lake basins, there is no set of quantitative and operable water management solutions to guide farmers to safely and efficiently recharge and utilize dry land tail water while ensuring that rice yield is not reduced.

[0006] Therefore, developing a water management method suitable for tail water recharge of dry land in low-latitude plateau lake basin rice field has important significance for realizing the dual goals of efficient utilization of agricultural water resources and protection of plateau lake water bodies. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a water management method suitable for tail water recharge of dry land in low-latitude plateau lake basin rice field, which solves the problems mentioned in the above background.

[0008] The present application provides the following technical scheme: a water management method suitable for tail water recharge of dry land in low-latitude plateau lake basin rice field, comprising the following steps: Step S1, field management: tidying up the field and transplanting rice; Step S2, water management: water management and drainage management are performed at different growth stages of rice; Step S3, tail water recharge management: when tail water is generated in the dry land after rain, the tail water in the dry land is recharged to the rice field through the water collection ditch, and the water storage depth of the rice field after recharge is controlled to be 1 / 4 of the height of the rice plant, and the duration of flooding is controlled.

[0009] Preferably, the step S1 comprises, Step S11, field preparation and planting: selecting a field with flat terrain, complete irrigation and drainage engineering system, deep soil plough layer, suitable soil structure, good soil physical and chemical properties, and good water retention, leveling the field to make the average height difference of the field ground less than 20 mm, and building a field ridge with a height of 40 cm; Step S12, rice transplanting: during the local suitable rice transplanting period in the agricultural planting area, mechanical transplanting is adopted to ensure uniform plant spacing, with a plant spacing of 14 cm and a row spacing of 25 cm, and 5-6 seedlings are planted in each hole; Step S13, fertilization management: after uniformly applying base fertilizer in the field during soil preparation, the plough layer soil is ploughed, and when the rice turns green and enters the tillering stage, tillering fertilizer is applied, and topdressing is performed according to the growth of the rice in the later period.

[0010] Preferably, the step S2 is specifically, In the water management: the water irrigation index is divided into a water irrigation upper limit and a water irrigation lower limit, the water irrigation upper limit and the water irrigation lower limit are set according to different growth stages of rice, when the water layer or the soil moisture content reaches the water irrigation lower limit, water irrigation is performed until the water irrigation upper limit, the water irrigation lower limit is set according to the percentage of the saturated water content of the rice field soil, and the water management adopts a controlled irrigation mode; except for the turning green period, the water irrigation upper limit during other growth periods is to irrigate the rice field soil to saturation; In the water management, the water index includes the upper limit of post-rain recharge and the maximum duration of flooding. When receiving tail water recharge of dry land, the recharge water depth shall not exceed the upper limit of post-rain recharge set for the growth stage, and the flooding time after recharge shall not exceed the maximum duration of flooding set for the growth stage.

[0011] Preferably, the lower limit of irrigation is set as follows according to the growth stages of rice: The shallow water layer of 5 mm to 25 mm is maintained on the field surface during the transplanting and regreening period, and the water layer can be thickened to ensure the survival of seedlings during high temperature on sunny days; The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the pre-tillering period; The soil saturation moisture content is 70% during the mid-tillering period; The soil saturation moisture content is 65% during the late tillering period; The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; The soil saturation moisture content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; The soil saturation moisture content is 75% during the milk stage; The soil saturation moisture content is 75% during the milk stage;

[0012] Preferably, the irrigation frequency and irrigation amount after irrigation to the saturated state of the rice field are as follows: The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the pre-tillering period; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the pre-tillering period; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the pre-tillering period; The soil saturation moisture content is 70% during the mid-tillering period; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 70% during the mid-tillering period; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 70% during the mid-tillering period; The soil saturation moisture content is 65% during the late tillering period; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 65% during the late tillering period; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 65% during the late tillering period; The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; The soil saturation moisture content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; The soil saturation moisture content is 75% during the milk stage; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 75% during the milk stage; 3 The soil saturation moisture content is 75% during the milk stage.

[0013] Preferably, in the step S3: The time control of the flooding recharge during the tillering period to the maximum water storage depth is within 2 days; The time from the jointing and shooting stage to the milking stage to the maximum water storage depth is controlled within 3 days; And if the rainfall during the recharging period makes the field water layer exceed the maximum water storage depth, the recharging is stopped and immediately drained to the maximum water storage depth.

[0014] Preferably, the drainage and field drying operation is carried out at the end of the tillering stage.

[0015] Preferably, the lower limit of irrigation is lowered to less than 80% of the original set soil saturation moisture content at the early jointing and shooting stage.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the natural dryness is used at the yellow ripening stage. If the soil moisture content is too low to affect the physiological activity of the plants, a thin water layer of 5-15 mm is established, and the water is drained immediately after irrigation, and irrigation is stopped one week before harvesting.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application changes the agricultural tail water generated in the upstream dry land from a traditional pollutant into a reusable water resource, and recharges it to the downstream rice field through water collection ditches for secondary use, significantly reducing the irrigation water intake of the rice field from the lake and groundwater, improving the recycling efficiency of agricultural water resources in the watershed, and providing an important interception and buffer zone before the tail water enters the lake by using the rice field as a tail water storage and purification area. The rice field soil and rice plants have adsorption and degradation effects on nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants, thereby significantly reducing the total amount of pollutants discharged into the lake.

[0018] 2. The present application, by clearly defining the upper and lower limits of irrigation at different growth stages, as well as the allowed water storage depth and duration of flooding after tail water recharging, ensures that rice is not stressed by water during critical growth periods, while not being damaged by waterlogging during recharging. While consuming tail water, the high and stable yield of rice is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Fig. 1 The flowchart of the present application; Fig. 2 The distribution structure diagram of the dry land, ditch and rice field of the present application.

[0020] In the figure: 1, dry land; 2, ditch; 3, rice field; 4, mountain; 5, lake. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] Please refer to Figs. 1-2 A water management method suitable for tail water recharge of dry land in a low-latitude plateau lake basin, comprising the following steps: Step S1, field management: tidying up the field and transplanting rice; Step S2, water management: water management and drainage management are performed at different growth stages of rice; Step S3, tail water recharge management: when tail water is generated in the dry land after rain, the tail water in the dry land is recharged to the rice field through the water collection ditch, and the water storage depth of the rice field after recharge is controlled to be 1 / 4 of the height of the rice plant, and the duration of flooding is controlled.

[0023] The step S1 comprises, Step S11, field preparation and planting: selecting a field with flat terrain, complete irrigation and drainage engineering system, deep soil plough layer, suitable soil structure, good soil physical and chemical properties, and good water retention, leveling the field to make the average height difference of the field ground less than 20 mm, and building a field ridge with a height of 40 cm; Step S12, rice transplanting: during the local suitable rice transplanting period in the agricultural planting area, mechanical transplanting is adopted to ensure uniform plant spacing, with a plant spacing of 14 cm, a row spacing of 25 cm, and 5-6 seedlings per hole; Step S13, fertilization management: after uniformly applying base fertilizer in the field during soil preparation, the plough layer soil is ploughed, and when the rice turns green and enters the tillering stage, tillering fertilizer is applied, and topdressing is performed according to the growth of the rice in the later period.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the local suitable rice transplanting period is, for example, from May 15 to May 31 every year in the Erhai Lake basin in Yunnan.

[0025] The step S2 specifically comprises, In the water management: the water irrigation index is divided into a water irrigation upper limit and a water irrigation lower limit, the water irrigation upper limit and the water irrigation lower limit are set according to different growth stages of rice, when the water layer or the soil moisture content reaches the water irrigation lower limit, water irrigation is performed until the water irrigation upper limit, the water irrigation lower limit is set according to the percentage of the saturated soil moisture content of the rice field, and the water irrigation management adopts a controlled irrigation mode; the water irrigation upper limit is water irrigation to the saturated soil moisture content of the rice field during the growth period except the turning green period. The drainage management: drainage index includes the upper limit of post-rain recharge and the maximum duration of flooding, when receiving the tail water recharge of dry land, the recharge water depth shall not exceed the upper limit of post-rain recharge set for the growth stage, and the flooding time after recharge shall not exceed the maximum duration of flooding set for the growth stage.

[0026] The lower limit of irrigation is set as follows according to the growth stages of rice: The shallow water layer of 5 mm-25 mm is kept on the field surface, and the water layer can be thickened to ensure the survival of seedlings in high temperature and sunny days during the stages of transplanting and regreening; The soil saturation water content is 80% during the pre-tillering stage; The soil saturation water content is 70% during the mid-tillering stage; The soil saturation water content is 65% during the late tillering stage; The soil saturation water content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; The soil saturation water content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; The soil saturation water content is 75% during the milking stage; No irrigation is performed during the yellowing stage.

[0027] The irrigation frequency and irrigation amount after the irrigation of the rice field to the saturated state are as follows: The soil saturation water content is 80% during the pre-tillering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 80% during the pre-tillering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 80% during the pre-tillering stage; The soil saturation water content is 70% during the mid-tillering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 70% during the mid-tillering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 70% during the mid-tillering stage; The soil saturation water content is 65% during the late tillering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 65% during the late tillering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 65% during the late tillering stage; The soil saturation water content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 80% during the jointing and booting stage; The soil saturation water content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 85% during the heading and flowering stage; The soil saturation water content is 75% during the milking stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 75% during the milking stage; 3 The soil saturation water content is 75% during the milking stage. 6. The water management method for the rice field suitable for the tail water recharge of dry land in the low-latitude plateau lake basin according to claim 5, characterized in that, in the step S3: The time control of the maximum water storage depth of the flooding recharge during the tillering stage is within 2 days; The time from the jointing and shooting stage to the milking stage to the maximum water storage depth is controlled within 3 days; And if the rainfall during the irrigation period causes the field water layer to exceed the maximum water storage depth, the irrigation is stopped and immediately drained to the maximum water storage depth.

[0028] The drainage and field drying operation is carried out at the end of the tillering stage.

[0029] The lower limit of irrigation is lowered to 80% of the original set soil saturation water content before the early jointing and shooting stage.

[0030] In step S2, the natural dryness is adopted at the yellow ripening stage; If the soil moisture content is too low to affect the physiological activity of the plants, a thin water layer of 5-15 mm is established, and the water is immediately drained after irrigation, and the irrigation is stopped one week before harvesting.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the water management practice of tail water irrigation in paddy fields in the dry land of the Erhai River Basin in Yunnan: Field preparation and planting, 15 days before transplanting, first apply 800 kg / acre of well-rotted farmyard manure as base fertilizer, then use a laser land leveler to fine level the land to ensure that the field elevation difference is less than 20 mm. Rammed and repaired the ridge to a height of 40 cm and a width of 30 cm to prevent leakage.

[0032] Transplanting is carried out using a rice transplanter, with a row spacing of 25 cm and a plant spacing of 14 cm, 5-6 healthy seedlings are inserted into each hole to ensure sufficient and uniform distribution of basic seedlings.

[0033] Water management, during the entire rice growing period, a controlled irrigation mode is adopted, and precise irrigation is carried out according to the water management threshold values of each growth stage shown in Table 1, and the soil moisture content is measured at a depth of 10 cm using a portable soil moisture rapid tester, model: TDR-350.

[0034] Greening period (0-10 days after transplanting): The field surface is kept at a shallow water layer of 5-25 mm. On the third day after transplanting, the sun is high in the middle of the day, and the water layer is immediately supplemented to 35 mm due to high temperature, effectively preventing seedling burn and promoting greening.

[0035] Pre-tillering stage (2 leaves before the critical leaf age of effective tillering): When the measured soil moisture content decreases to 80% of the saturated water content (at this time the soil is difficult to break up when kneaded by hand), irrigation is carried out. Each irrigation is to the soil saturation (field surface is slightly watered), the irrigation amount is about 19 m 3 / acre, and the average irrigation interval is every 2 days.

[0036] Mid-tillering stage: the lower limit of irrigation was adjusted to 70% of the saturated water content (soil can be kneaded into a ball, but slightly cracked), and irrigated to saturation. Each irrigation was about 27 m 3 / acre, and irrigated every 3 days on average.

[0037] Late tillering stage: to moderately control ineffective tillers, the lower limit of irrigation was further adjusted to 65% of the saturated water content (soil can be kneaded into a small ball and easily scattered). Each irrigation was saturated, and the irrigation amount was about 31 m 3 / acre, and irrigated every 3.5 days on average. During the critical leaf age period of effective tillers, a 7-day drainage and field drying was carried out until the field surface appeared to be slightly cracked.

[0038] Jointing and booting stage: the water requirement is large at this stage, and the lower limit of irrigation is raised to 80%. Each irrigation is saturated, and the irrigation amount is about 19 m 3 / acre, and irrigated every 2 days on average. At the early jointing stage, according to the plant growth (leaf color is slightly dark, and there is a tendency of overgrowth), the lower limit of irrigation at the lower limit of irrigation cycle is temporarily adjusted to 75% to promote stem robustness.

[0039] Heading and flowering stage: it is most sensitive to water, and the lower limit of irrigation is set to 85% (soil is sticky, and there is water trace when kneaded by hand). Strictly ensure that the soil moisture is sufficient, irrigate every 1.5-2 days, and the irrigation amount is about 14 m 3 / acre each time.

[0040] Milk ripening stage: the lower limit of irrigation is 75%, and irrigated every 2-3 days, with an irrigation amount of about 23 m 3 / acre each time.

[0041] Yellow ripening stage: stop irrigation and naturally dry. Water is cut off 10 days before harvesting (September 20). During the period of consecutive sunny weather (September 25), it was observed that the leaves were slightly curled at noon, and the "shallow irrigation and quick drainage" method was used in the afternoon to establish a water layer of about 10 mm, which was infiltrated for 2 hours and then drained, effectively alleviating the physiological drought.

[0042] Note: θs represents the saturated water content of the soil, i.e. the volumetric water content; H represents the height of the rice plant, unit: cm.

[0043] When the rice is in the late tillering stage and the rice is in the jointing and booting stage, the height of the plant is about 80 cm, and after experiencing heavy rainfall, a large amount of surface runoff and farmland tail water is generated in the upstream corn field.

[0044] Open the field inlet, and introduce the tail water collected in the ecological ditch into the rice field for deep storage.

[0045] At the late tillering stage, the depth of the field surface water layer after recharging was 50 mm, which did not exceed 1 / 4 of the plant height. After 48 hours of deep water storage, the water level was lowered to the soil saturation state by opening the drainage outlet, and normal water management was resumed.

[0046] At the jointing and squaring stage, the depth of the field surface water layer after recharging was 20 cm, which was 1 / 4 of the plant height of 80 cm. After 72 hours of deep water storage, the soil was drained in time to the soil saturation state.

[0047] During the deep storage period, when the field surface water layer rose to 25 cm due to additional rainfall, recharging was immediately stopped, and drainage was started to lower the water layer to the allowed storage depth of 20 cm, thereby strictly avoiding overwatering.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water management method suitable for low-latitude plateau lake basin dry land tail water recharge of paddy field, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step S1, field management: arrange the field and transplant rice; Step S2, water management: water irrigation management and drainage management are carried out at different growth stages of rice; Step S3, tail water recharge management: when the farmland tail water is generated in the dry land after rain, the dry land tail water is recharged to the rice field through the water collection ditch, and the water storage depth of the rice field after recharge is controlled at 1 / 4 of the rice plant height, and the duration of flooding is controlled.

2. The water management method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S1 comprises, Step S11, field preparation and planting: select a field with flat terrain, complete irrigation and drainage engineering system, deep soil plough layer, suitable soil structure, good soil physical and chemical properties, and good water retention, level the field to make the average ground height difference of the field less than 20mm, and build a field ridge with a height of 40cm; Step S12, rice transplanting: during the local suitable rice transplanting period of the agricultural planting area, mechanical transplanting is adopted to ensure uniform rice plant spacing, the plant spacing is 14cm, the row spacing is 25cm, 5-6 seedlings are planted in each hole; Step S13, fertilization management: evenly apply base fertilizer in the field during soil preparation, then plough the soil to form a plough layer, apply tillering fertilizer when rice turns green and enters the tillering stage, and apply topdressing according to the growth of rice in the later period.

3. The water management method for tail water recharging in rice field in low latitude plateau lake basin dry land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S2 is specifically, In the water irrigation management: the water irrigation index includes upper limit and lower limit, the upper limit and lower limit are set according to different growth stages of rice, when the water layer or soil moisture content reaches the lower limit, water irrigation is carried out until the upper limit, the lower limit is set according to the percentage of saturated soil moisture content of the rice field, and the water irrigation management adopts a controlled irrigation mode; except for the turning green period, the upper limit of water irrigation during other growth periods is to irrigate the rice field to the saturated soil moisture content; In the drainage management: the drainage index includes the upper limit of post-rain recharge and the maximum duration of flooding, when receiving dry land tail water recharge, the recharge water depth should not exceed the set upper limit of post-rain recharge at the growth stage, and the flooding time after recharge should not exceed the set maximum duration of flooding at the growth stage.

4. The water management method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water irrigation lower limit is set according to the growth stage of rice as follows: During seedling and turning green period: keep the field surface with a shallow water layer of 5mm-25mm, and thicken the water layer during high temperature in sunny days to ensure the survival of seedlings; Before tillering: 80% of the saturated soil moisture content; During middle tillering: 70% of the saturated soil moisture content; After tillering: 65% of the saturated soil moisture content; During jointing and booting: 80% of the saturated soil moisture content; During heading and flowering: 85% of the saturated soil moisture content; During milk stage: 75% of the saturated soil moisture content; During yellow ripe stage: do not irrigate.

5. The water management method for tail water of low latitude plateau lake basin dryland rice field according to claim 4, characterized in that, The frequency and amount of water irrigation after the rice field is irrigated to the saturated state are as follows: Pre tillering stage: irrigate once every 2 days, each irrigation amount is 18 m 3 / acre ~ 20 m 3 / acre; Mid tillering: water once every 3 days, each irrigation amount is 26 m 3 / acre ~ 28 m 3 / acre; Late tillering stage: irrigate once every 3.5 days, each irrigation amount is 30 m 3 / acre ~ 32 m 3 / acre; The jointing and squaring stage: irrigate every 2 days, and the irrigation amount is 18 m 3 / acre ~ 20 m 3 / acre; Head emergence and flowering stage: irrigate once every 1.5-2 days, each irrigation amount is 13 m 3 / acre-15 m 3 / acre; Ripening stage: irrigate once every 2-3 days, each irrigation amount is 22 m 3 / acre ~ 24 m 3 / acre.

6. The water management method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the step S3, The time for flooding recharge to the maximum water storage depth during the tillering stage is controlled within 2 days; The time for flooding recharge to the maximum water storage depth during the jointing and booting stage to the milk stage is controlled within 3 days; And if the rainfall during recharge makes the water layer of the field exceed the maximum water storage depth, stop the recharge and immediately drain to the maximum water storage depth.

7. The water management method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Drainage and field drying are carried out at the end of the tillering stage.

8. The water management method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the early jointing and booting stage, the lower limit of water irrigation is adjusted to be lower than 80% of the original set saturated soil moisture content.

9. The water management method for low-latitude plateau lake basin dry land tail water recharge rice field according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the step S2, the yellow ripe stage adopts natural drying. If the soil moisture content is too low to affect the physiological activity of the plants, a thin water layer of 5 to 15 mm is established, which is drained immediately after irrigation and irrigation is stopped one week before harvesting.

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