Gynura formosana Kitam. Flavone extraction equipment and extraction process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses gynura formosana flavone extraction equipment which comprises an extraction tank main body, a condenser and a rubbing mechanism are arranged on the extraction tank main body, an air outlet pipe is arranged at the top of the extraction tank main body, the condenser is mounted on the air outlet pipe, the rubbing mechanism is mounted in the extraction tank main body, and the rubbing mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft and a rubbing disc. The driving motor is fixedly installed at the top of the extraction tank body, the driving shaft is fixedly installed on an output shaft of the driving motor, the bottom of the rubbing disc is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner end face of the extraction tank body, and the driving motor drives the rubbing disc through the driving shaft. The device has the advantages of efficient rubbing wall breaking, uniform mass transfer, oxidation prevention and high yield, and solves the problems of low extraction efficiency and non-ideal flavone yield caused by lack of mechanical assistance and material accumulation of traditional static extraction equipment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of extraction tanks, in particular to a gynura japonica flavone extraction device and extraction process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Gynura japonica is a kind of medicinal and edible plant with high medicinal value, rich in flavonoids, and has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and other biological activities, and is widely used in functional food and natural medicine development. Flavonoids mainly exist in the vacuoles of plant cells, and their extraction efficiency is significantly affected by the compactness of the cell wall structure, the solvent penetration ability and the mass transfer efficiency in the extraction process. At present, the commonly used flavone extraction methods mainly include solvent reflux extraction, ultrasonic assisted extraction and microwave assisted extraction, etc., among which the solvent reflux method is widely used due to its simple equipment and convenient operation.

[0003] At present, the extraction of plant flavones in industry is still mainly based on solvent reflux method, especially in small and medium scale production, static extraction tank is widely used for operation. Such traditional extraction equipment has simple structure, usually only composed of an extraction tank body, a heating jacket and a condensation reflux device, the material is soaked in ethanol and other solvents for a long time and heated, and the target components are dissolved by molecular diffusion.

[0004] Under static conditions, the contact between the solvent and the plant tissue mainly depends on natural diffusion, and there is a lack of effective external disturbance, which makes it difficult for the solvent to fully penetrate into the interior of the plant cells, and the flavonoids in the cells are also difficult to be released into the solvent. Especially when gynura japonica is cut into a dense material layer, it is easy to accumulate at the bottom of the tank, forming a mass transfer barrier, causing the phenomenon of "over-extraction of the outer layer and insufficient extraction of the inner layer", the overall extraction rate is slow, and it usually takes several hours or even longer time to reach a relative balance, which seriously affects the production efficiency. The cell wall of gynura japonica leaf is relatively tough, and flavones are mostly stored in vacuoles or combined with cell structure, so it is difficult to effectively destroy the cell structure by solvent soaking alone. The traditional equipment lacks mechanical kneading or dynamic shearing effect, and cannot actively promote cell rupture, resulting in a large amount of flavones remaining in the residue, which causes serious waste of resources. Therefore, a gynura japonica flavone extraction device and extraction process are needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a gynura japonica flavone extraction device and extraction process, which has the advantages of efficient kneading, uniform mass transfer, anti-oxidation and high yield, and solves the problems of low extraction efficiency and unsatisfactory flavone yield caused by lack of mechanical assistance and material accumulation in traditional static extraction equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a gynura japonica flavone extraction device, comprising an extraction tank body, a condenser and a kneading mechanism are arranged on the extraction tank body.

[0007] The top of the extraction tank body is provided with an air outlet pipe, the condenser is installed on the air outlet pipe, the kneading mechanism is installed in the extraction tank body, the kneading mechanism comprises a driving motor, a driving shaft and a kneading disc, the driving motor is fixedly installed on the top of the extraction tank body, the driving shaft is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, the bottom of the kneading disc is fixedly installed on the inner end face bottom of the extraction tank body, and the driving motor drives the kneading disc through the driving shaft.

[0008] As a white gynura japonica extract equipment of the present application is preferably, the top of the extraction tank body is provided with a feeding port, the bottom of the extraction tank body is provided with a discharge port, the side end face of the extraction tank body is provided with a heating jacket, and the outer end face of the extraction tank body is provided with a heat medium inlet and a heat medium outlet penetrating the heating jacket.

[0009] As a white gynura japonica extract equipment of the present application is preferably, the kneading disc comprises a fixed ring, an ear plate, an elastic connecting rod and a shaft sleeve, the upper end of the fixed ring is provided with an ear plate for fixing with the extraction tank body, the bottom of the elastic connecting rod is fixed with the inner end face of the fixed ring, the top of the fixed ring is fixed with the side end face of the shaft sleeve, and the bottom of the elastic connecting rod is provided with a kneading whisk.

[0010] As a white gynura japonica extract equipment of the present application is preferably, the elastic connecting rod is of spiral structure, the elastic connecting rod is provided with a steel wire, and the elastic connecting rod and the kneading whisk are made of silica gel material.

[0011] As a white gynura japonica extract equipment of the present application is preferably, the side end face of the shaft sleeve is provided with a guide groove, the side end face of the driving shaft is provided with a convex shaft matched with the guide groove, and the driving shaft is sleeved with a spring.

[0012] As a white gynura japonica extract equipment of the present application is preferably, the driving shaft comprises a sleeve and a sliding shaft, the sliding shaft is inserted into the sleeve and is in sliding connection with the sleeve, the side end face of the sliding shaft is provided with a limiting disc for limiting, the inner end face of the sleeve is provided with a guide strip for limiting rotation of the sliding shaft, and the side end face of the limiting disc is provided with a guide sliding groove in sliding cooperation with the guide strip.

[0013] As a white gynura japonica extract equipment of the present application is preferably, the inner end face top of the sleeve is provided with an internally threaded sleeve connected in rotation, the bottom of the internally threaded sleeve is provided with a screw hole, the sliding shaft is provided with an external thread matched with the screw hole, the top of the sliding shaft is inserted into the screw hole and is in threaded connection with the internally threaded sleeve, the outer end face of the internally threaded sleeve is provided with a worm wheel, and the side end face of the sleeve is provided with a worm matched with the worm wheel.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the extraction tank body is provided with a gas permeation pipe, the gas permeation pipe comprises a communication pipe, an annular gas pipe and a positioning ring, the positioning ring is installed at the bottom of the extraction tank, the gas permeation pipe is connected with the annular gas pipe through the discharge port, the upper end surface of the annular gas pipe is uniformly provided with air holes, the communication pipe is provided with a positioning ring matched with the discharge port, the positioning ring is provided with a discharge hole, the end of the communication pipe close to the inflation port is provided with a valve, and the bottom of the extraction tank is provided with a supporting disc matched with the annular gas pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the condenser is provided with an air inlet, the top of the condenser is provided with an air outlet, a spiral-shaped reflux pipe is arranged between the air inlet and the air outlet, a refrigerant cavity is formed between the reflux pipe and the condenser, and the side end surface of the condenser is provided with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet penetrating the refrigerant cavity.

[0016] A white gynura herb flavone extraction process, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step 1, after washing the white gynura, prepare the ethanol solution according to the proportion, select fresh white gynura without mildew, first wash it with flowing water for 3-5 times to remove surface dirt and impurities, then soak it in deionized water for 10 minutes, drain it and put it into a high-speed chopper, chop it into 0.5-1 cm small pieces, ensure that the material size is uniform, prepare an ethanol solution with a concentration of 60%-70% according to the solid-liquid ratio of white gynura to ethanol 1:8-1:12, and reduce the oxidation loss of flavones in the early stage in a low-temperature environment.

[0018] Step 2, put the material and ethanol into the extraction tank through the feeding port, open the feeding port cover at the top of the extraction tank, first slowly add the chopped white gynura, avoid the material accumulation on the tank wall, after the feeding is completed, inject the pre-cooled ethanol solution into the extraction tank according to the proportion through the metering pump, observe the liquid level meter while injecting, ensure that the liquid surface is 5-10 cm higher than the material, keep the condenser in working condition during the feeding process to prevent loss caused by ethanol evaporation, close the feeding port after the feeding is completed, and check each sealing part to ensure no leakage;

[0019] Step 3, heat the heating jacket, start the rubbing mechanism, add nitrogen gas for auxiliary extraction, the condenser recovers ethanol, hot water or heat conducting oil is introduced into the heating jacket through the heat medium inlet, the temperature in the extraction tank is controlled at 50-60℃, after the temperature reaches the set value, the driving motor is started, the rotating speed of the rubbing mechanism is adjusted to 10-25 revolutions per minute, the valve of the gas permeation pipe is opened, nitrogen gas is introduced at a flow rate of 0.5-1 liter per minute, the nitrogen gas is uniformly dispersed into the material through the air holes of the annular gas pipe. The refrigerant inlet of the condenser is connected with 10-15℃ cooling water, the ethanol vapor is condensed in the reflux pipe and then returns to the extraction tank, and the extraction is continuously carried out for 2-3 hours.

[0020] Step 4, after the extraction is completed, the heating jacket, kneading mechanism and nitrogen valve are closed, the material in the extraction tank is naturally placed for 30-45 minutes, so that the solid-liquid is fully separated, the condenser continues to work during the standing process to prevent the remaining ethanol from volatilizing, a vacuum filtration device is used, the filtration tube is inserted into the liquid surface 10-15 cm below the supernatant outlet of the extraction tank, the vacuum pump is slowly opened, and the supernatant is extracted into the liquid storage tank;

[0021] Step 5, after the supernatant extraction is completed, the valve of the discharge port is opened, the kneading mechanism is started to run at low speed, the residue is discharged from the discharge port to the collection barrel under the action of gravity, after the discharge port is closed, 80-85 DEG C deionized water is injected into the extraction tank to two-thirds of the volume, the kneading mechanism and the heating jacket are opened, and the cleaning water is discharged after 30 minutes of cleaning, and the cleaning is repeated 2-3 times until the discharged water is clear and free of impurities, finally, the feeding port and the discharge port are opened for ventilation and drying, ready for the next extraction.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0023] 1、The present application realizes the dynamic elastic kneading and automatic reset of the material by setting the kneading mechanism comprising the spiral elastic connecting rod, the shaft sleeve and the guide groove and the convex shaft cooperation structure, cooperating with the internal steel wire and the silica gel material, when the driving shaft drives the convex shaft to rotate the shaft sleeve, the elastic connecting rod is contracted under the torsion and generates downward axial pressure, so that the kneading must apply rotating extrusion and downward double kneading force to the white gynura residue, which significantly promotes the cell wall rupture and flavone release; after the rotation is completed, the steel wire makes the connecting rod reset and rotate instantaneously, which produces secondary kneading effect, this structure solves the problem of insufficient release of effective components in the traditional static extraction equipment, and the silica gel material avoids excessive crushing of the blade to affect the clarity of the extraction liquid, thereby significantly improving the flavone extraction rate and product quality.

[0024] 2、The present application realizes flexible and accurate control of the working height of the kneading mechanism by adopting the telescopic adjusting driving shaft and the worm and gear transmission mechanism, the slide shaft is connected with the sleeve through the guide strip to prevent rotation, the worm drives the internal threaded sleeve to rotate to drive the slide shaft to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the pre-pressure of the bottom convex shaft on the shaft sleeve, the operator can adjust the exposed worm by rotating the internal hexagonal tool through the feeding port, which solves the problem of insufficient kneading range or excessive pressure of the kneading disc caused by the change of the material input amount, ensures that different batches of materials can obtain sufficient kneading coverage and suitable mechanical force, and greatly improves the adaptability and extraction stability of the equipment under different working conditions.

[0025] 3、The present application realizes the microcirculation of the material under the protection of inert gas by integrating the annular air pipe system and the nitrogen gas inlet function at the bottom of the extraction tank, combining the uniformly distributed air holes and the bottom support disc, the nitrogen gas is uniformly sprayed from the bottom through the annular air pipe, which promotes the sediment material to roll and fully contact with the solvent, improves the kneading uniformity and mass transfer efficiency; the continuous nitrogen flow forms an inert atmosphere, effectively isolates oxygen, this structure solves the problems of local concentration saturation and uneven concentration between upper and lower layers caused by material deposition in traditional static extraction, and inhibits the oxidative degradation of flavonoids in high temperature extraction environment, and takes into account the extraction rate and component activity retention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a top view of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a Figure 2 sectional view of B-B of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a Figure 2 sectional view of C-C of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the kneading mechanism structure of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the kneading disc structure of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the air pipe mechanism of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a Figure 3 enlarged view of C of the present application;

[0034] Figure 9 It is a Figure 3 enlarged view of D of the present application;

[0035] Figure 10 It is a Figure 4 enlarged view of E of the present application;

[0036] Figure 11 It is a Figure 5 enlarged view of F of the present application;

[0037] Figure 12 It is a Figure 3 enlarged view of G of the present application.

[0038] In the figure: 1, extraction tank body; 101, feeding port; 102, discharge port; 103, heating jacket; 104, heat medium inlet; 105, heat medium outlet; 106, air pipe; 1061, air inlet; 1062, communication pipe; 1063, annular air pipe; 1064, air hole; 1065, positioning ring; 1066, discharge hole; 1067, valve; 107, supporting disc; 108, air outlet pipe; 2, condenser; 201, air inlet; 202, air outlet; 203, return pipe; 204, coolant cavity; 205, coolant inlet; 206, coolant outlet; 3, kneading mechanism; 301, driving motor; 302, driving shaft; 3021, sleeve; 3022, sliding shaft; 3023, internally threaded sleeve; 3024, threaded hole; 3025, worm gear; 3026, worm; 3027, limiting disc; 3028, guide bar; 3029, guide chute; 3020, protruding shaft; 303, kneading disc; 3031, fixed ring; 3032, ear plate; 3033, elastic connecting rod; 3034, kneading hair; 3035, shaft sleeve; 3036, guide groove; 3037, steel wire; 3038, spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1-12 A kind of flavone extraction equipment of white gynura, including extraction tank body 1, extraction tank body 1 is provided with condenser 2 and kneading mechanism 3 on it;

[0041] The top of extraction tank body 1 is provided with air outlet pipe 108, condenser 2 is installed on air outlet pipe 108, kneading mechanism 3 is installed in extraction tank body 1, and kneading mechanism 3 includes driving motor 301, driving shaft 302 and kneading disc 303, driving motor 301 is fixedly installed on the top of extraction tank body 1, driving shaft 302 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of driving motor 301, and the bottom of kneading disc 303 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner end face of extraction tank body 1, and driving motor 301 drives kneading disc 303 through driving shaft 302.

[0042] Further, the top of extraction tank body 1 is provided with feeding port 101, the bottom of extraction tank body 1 is provided with discharge port 102, the side end face of extraction tank body 1 is provided with heating jacket 103, and the outer end face of extraction tank body 1 is provided with heat medium inlet 104 and heat medium outlet 105 penetrating through heating jacket 103.

[0043] After the shredded white gynura and ethanol are fed into extraction tank body 1 through feeding port 101, extraction tank body 1 is heated through heating jacket 103, and white gynura flavone is extracted, after extraction, supernatant is extracted, and the remaining waste is discharged from discharge port 102.

[0044] Further, the kneading disc 303 comprises a fixed ring 3031, an ear plate 3032, an elastic connecting rod 3033, and a shaft sleeve 3035. The upper end of the fixed ring 3031 is provided with the ear plate 3032 for being fixed to the extraction tank body 1 by a bolt. The bottom of the elastic connecting rod 3033 is fixed to the inner end surface of the fixed ring 3031. The top of the fixed ring 3031 is fixed to the side end surface of the shaft sleeve 3035. The bottom of the elastic connecting rod 3033 is provided with the kneading whisk 3034.

[0045] When the shaft sleeve 3035 is rotated, the shaft sleeve 3035 drives the top of the elastic connecting rod 3033 to rotate and contract, so that the kneading whisk 3034 kneads the residual white flower stem at the bottom, which helps to release the flavonoids in the white flower stem and improve the extraction rate of the flavonoids in the white flower stem. Since the elastic connecting rod 3033 is rotated, the horizontal length of the elastic connecting rod 3033 is insufficient, and the longitudinal length needs to be compensated, so that a downward pressure is generated on the shaft sleeve 3035, the shaft sleeve 3035 slides downward, and the kneading effect is further improved.

[0046] Further, the elastic connecting rod 3033 has a spiral structure. The elastic connecting rod 3033 is provided with a steel wire 3037. The elastic connecting rod 3033 and the kneading whisk 3034 are made of silica gel.

[0047] The steel wire 3037 cooperates with the silica gel material, so that the elastic connecting rod 3033 can automatically reset after the driving force of the driving shaft 302 is lost. The surface silica gel material avoids excessive crushing of the white flower stem during the kneading process, which affects the quality of the extraction liquid.

[0048] Further, the side end surface of the shaft sleeve 3035 is provided with a guide groove 3036. The side end surface of the driving shaft 302 is provided with a convex shaft 3020 matched with the guide groove 3036. The driving shaft 302 is provided with a spring 3038.

[0049] The bottom of the guide groove 3036 has a circular arc structure, and the side end surface has a vertical surface structure. The convex shaft 3020 is clamped at the bottom of the guide groove 3036. The convex shaft 3020 drives the shaft sleeve 3035 to rotate counterclockwise, so that the elastic connecting rod 3033 is wound counterclockwise, and the shaft sleeve 3035 is dragged to slide downward. When the guide groove 3036 is separated from the convex shaft 3020, the elastic connecting rod 3033 is quickly reset and rotated under the elastic action of the steel wire 3037 in the inside. The spring 3038 improves the recovery stability. During the winding and rotating process, the kneading whisk 3034 kneads the white flower stem, which improves the extraction effect.

[0050] Further, the driving shaft 302 comprises a sleeve 3021 and a sliding shaft 3022, the sliding shaft 3022 is inserted into the sleeve 3021 and is in sliding connection with the sleeve 3021, the side end surface of the sliding shaft 3022 is provided with a limiting disc 3027 for limiting, the inner end surface of the sleeve 3021 is provided with a guide strip 3028 for limiting rotation of the sliding shaft 3022, and the side end surface of the limiting disc 3027 is provided with a guide sliding groove 3029 in sliding cooperation with the guide strip 3028.

[0051] The structure of the sliding connection between the sliding shaft 3022 and the sleeve 3021 can adjust the height of the bottom of the driving shaft 302, thereby adjusting the pre-pressing force of the convex shaft 3020 on the shaft sleeve 3035, and the height can be adjusted according to the amount of material, so as to ensure effective kneading of as much material as possible.

[0052] Further, the inner end surface of the sleeve 3021 is provided at the top with a rotationally connected internal thread sleeve 3023, the bottom of the internal thread sleeve 3023 is provided with a threaded hole 3024, the sliding shaft 3022 is provided with an external thread matched with the threaded hole 3024, the top of the sliding shaft 3022 is inserted into the threaded hole 3024 and is in threaded connection with the internal thread sleeve 3023, the outer end surface of the internal thread sleeve 3023 is provided with a worm wheel 3025, and the side end surface of the sleeve 3021 is provided with a worm 3026 matched with the worm wheel 3025.

[0053] The front and rear ends of the worm 3026 are exposed outside the sleeve 3021, and the two ends of the worm 3026 are provided with internal hexagonal holes, the worm 3026 is rotated by the internal hexagonal half shaft from the feeding port 101 to drive the worm wheel 3025 to rotate, thereby driving the internal thread sleeve 3023 to rotate, and the height of the bottom of the sliding shaft 3022 is adjusted through the screw rod movement.

[0054] Further, the bottom of the extraction tank main body 1 is provided with a gas permeation pipe 106, the gas permeation pipe 106 comprises a communication pipe 1062, an annular gas pipe 1063 and a positioning ring 1065, the positioning ring 1065 is installed at the bottom of the extraction tank, the gas permeation pipe 106 is in through connection with the annular gas pipe 1063 through the discharging port 102, the upper end surface of the annular gas pipe 1063 is uniformly provided with gas holes 1064, the communication pipe 1062 is sleeved with the positioning ring 1065 matched with the discharging port 102, the positioning ring 1065 is provided with a discharging hole 1066, and the end of the communication pipe 1062 close to the inflation port 1061 is provided with a valve 1067, and the bottom of the extraction tank is provided with a supporting disc 107 abutting with the annular gas pipe 1063.

[0055] The nitrogen gas is continuously introduced into the extraction tank main body 1 through the gas permeation pipe 106, which can make the bottom white fungus material tumble and improve the kneading uniformity, promote the dispersion of the extraction liquid, avoid the uneven concentration of the upper and lower layers, affect the extraction rate, and effectively prevent the oxidation of flavonoids.

[0056] Further, the bottom of the condenser 2 is provided with an air inlet 201, the top of the condenser 2 is provided with an air outlet 202, the air inlet 201 and the air outlet 202 are provided with a spiral reflux pipe 203, the reflux pipe 203 and the condenser 2 form a refrigerant cavity 204, and the side end face of the condenser 2 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 205 and a refrigerant outlet 206 which are through the refrigerant cavity 204.

[0057] Embodiment 2

[0058] Please refer to Figures 1-12 A gynura japonica flavone extraction process, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step 1, after washing the gynura japonica, prepare the ethanol solution according to the proportion, select fresh gynura japonica without mildew, first wash it with flowing water for 3-5 times to remove the surface dirt and impurities, then soak it in deionized water for 10 minutes, drain it and put it into a high-speed cutter, cut it into 0.5-1 centimeter small pieces, ensure that the material size is uniform, according to the solid-liquid ratio of gynura japonica to ethanol 1:8-1:12, prepare the ethanol solution with concentration of 60%-70%, low temperature environment can reduce the oxidation loss of flavones in the early stage of treatment.

[0060] Step 2, put the material and ethanol into the extraction tank through the feeding port 101, open the cover of the feeding port 101 at the top of the extraction tank, first slowly add the cut gynura japonica, avoid the material accumulation on the tank wall, after the feeding is completed, inject the pre-cooled ethanol solution into the extraction tank according to the proportion, observe the liquid level meter during injection, ensure that the liquid surface is 5-10 centimeters higher than the material, keep the condenser 2 in working state during the feeding process to prevent the loss caused by ethanol volatilization, close the feeding port 101 after the feeding is completed, check all sealing parts to ensure no leakage;

[0061] Step 3, heat the heating jacket 103, start the kneading mechanism 3, assist the extraction with nitrogen, recover ethanol in the condenser 2, pass hot water or heat conducting oil into the heating jacket 103 through the heat medium inlet 104, control the temperature in the extraction tank at 50-60℃, after the temperature reaches the set value, start the driving motor 301, adjust the rotating speed of the kneading mechanism 3 to 10-25 revolutions per minute, open the valve 1067 of the air pipe 106 at the same time, pass nitrogen into the material at a flow rate of 0.5-1 liters per minute, the nitrogen is uniformly dispersed into the material through the air holes 1064 of the annular air pipe 1063. The refrigerant inlet 205 of the condenser 2 is connected with 10-15℃ cooling water, the ethanol vapor is condensed in the reflux pipe 203 and then returns to the extraction tank, continue the extraction for 2-3 hours;

[0062] Step 4, after the extraction is completed, the heating jacket 103, the rubbing mechanism 3 and the nitrogen valve 1067 are closed, the material in the extraction tank is naturally placed for 30-45 minutes to make the solid and liquid fully separated, the condenser 2 is kept working during the placing process to prevent the remaining ethanol from volatilizing, the vacuum filtration device is used, the filtration pipe is inserted into the extraction tank from the supernatant outlet 10-15 cm below the liquid level, the vacuum pump is slowly opened, and the supernatant is extracted into the liquid storage tank;

[0063] Step 5, after the supernatant extraction is completed, the valve 1067 of the discharge port 102 is opened, the rubbing mechanism 3 is started to run at a low speed, the residue is discharged from the discharge port 102 to the collection barrel under the action of gravity, after the discharge port 102 is closed, 80-85 DEG C deionized water is injected into the extraction tank to two-thirds of the volume, the rubbing mechanism 3 and the heating jacket 103 are opened, the washing is performed for 30 minutes, the washing water is discharged, the washing is repeated for 2-3 times, until the discharged water is clear and clean, finally, the feeding port 101 and the discharge port 102 are opened to ventilate and dry, and the preparation for the next extraction is completed.

[0064] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A kind of Gynura japonica flavone extraction equipment, including extraction tank main body (1), it is characterized by: The extraction tank body (1) is provided with a condenser (2) and a kneading mechanism (3); The top of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with an air outlet pipe (108), the condenser (2) is installed on the air outlet pipe (108), the kneading mechanism (3) is installed in the extraction tank body (1), the kneading mechanism (3) comprises a driving motor (301), a driving shaft (302) and a kneading disc (303), the driving motor (301) is fixedly installed on the top of the extraction tank body (1), the driving shaft (302) is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor (301), and the bottom of the kneading disc (303) is fixedly installed on the inner end face bottom of the extraction tank body (1). The driving motor (301) drives the kneading disc (303) through the driving shaft (302).

2. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device according to claim 1, wherein: The top of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with a feeding port (101), the bottom of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with a discharging port (102), the side end face of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with a heating jacket (103), and the outer end face of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with a heat medium inlet (104) and a heat medium outlet (105) penetrating through the heating jacket (103).

3. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device of claim 1, wherein: The kneading disc (303) comprises a fixed ring (3031), a fixed ear plate (3032), an elastic connecting rod (3033) and a shaft sleeve (3035), the upper end of the fixed ring (3031) is provided with an ear plate (3032) for fixing with the extraction tank body (1), the bottom of the elastic connecting rod (3033) is fixed with the inner end face of the fixed ring (3031), the top of the fixed ring (3031) is fixed with the side end face of the shaft sleeve (3035), and the bottom of the elastic connecting rod (3033) is provided with a kneading whisk (3034).

4. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device of claim 3, wherein the extraction device further comprises a filter device. The elastic connecting rod (3033) is in a spiral structure, a steel wire (3037) is arranged in the elastic connecting rod (3033), and the elastic connecting rod (3033) and the kneading whisk (3034) are made of silica gel.

5. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device of claim 4, wherein the extraction device further comprises a filter. The side end face of the shaft sleeve (3035) is provided with a guide groove (3036), the side end face of the driving shaft (302) is provided with a convex shaft (3020) matched with the guide groove (3036), and the driving shaft (302) is sleeved with a spring (3038).

6. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device of claim 1, wherein: The driving shaft (302) comprises a sleeve pipe (3021) and a sliding shaft (3022), the sliding shaft (3022) is inserted into the sleeve pipe (3021) and is in sliding connection with the sleeve pipe (3021), the side end face of the sliding shaft (3022) is provided with a limiting disc (3027) for limiting, the inner end face of the sleeve pipe (3021) is provided with a guide strip (3028) for limiting rotation of the sliding shaft (3022), and the side end face of the limiting disc (3027) is provided with a guide sliding groove (3029) in sliding connection with the guide strip (3028).

7. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner end face top of the sleeve (3021) is provided with a rotatingly connected inner threaded sleeve (3023), the bottom of the inner threaded sleeve (3023) is provided with a threaded hole (3024), the sliding shaft (3022) is internally provided with an external thread matched with the threaded hole (3024), the top of the sliding shaft (3022) is inserted into the threaded hole (3024) and threadedly connected with the inner threaded sleeve (3023), the outer end face of the inner threaded sleeve (3023) is provided with a worm wheel (3025), and the side end face of the sleeve (3021) is provided with a worm (3026) matched with the worm wheel (3025).

8. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the extraction tank body (1) is provided with a gas permeation pipe (106), the gas permeation pipe (106) comprises a communication pipe (1062), an annular gas pipe (1063) and a positioning ring (1065), the positioning ring (1065) is installed at the bottom of the extraction tank, the gas permeation pipe (106) penetrates through the discharge port (102) and is connected with the annular gas pipe (1063) in a through manner, the upper end face of the annular gas pipe (1063) is uniformly provided with gas holes (1064), the positioning ring (1065) matched with the discharge port (102) is sleeved on the communication pipe (1062), the positioning ring (1065) is provided with a discharge hole (1066), the valve (1067) is arranged on the end of the communication pipe (1062) close to the air inlet (1061), and the bottom of the extraction tank is provided with a supporting disc (107) matched with the annular gas pipe (1063).

9. The Gynura japonica flavone extraction device of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the condenser (2) is provided with an air inlet (201), the top of the condenser (2) is provided with an air outlet (202), a spiral-shaped reflux pipe (203) is arranged between the air inlet (201) and the air outlet (202), a refrigerant cavity (204) is formed between the reflux pipe (203) and the condenser (2), and the side end face of the condenser (2) is provided with a refrigerant inlet (205) and a refrigerant outlet (206) penetrating the refrigerant cavity (204).

10. A process for extracting flavonoids from S. japonica, suitable for use in the apparatus for extracting flavonoids from S. japonica according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, after washing the white feather vegetable, cut it into small pieces, prepare an ethanol solution according to the proportion, select fresh white feather vegetables without mildew, first wash them with flowing water for 3-5 times to remove surface dirt and impurities, then soak them in deionized water for 10 minutes, drain and put them into a high-speed cutter, cut them into 0.5-1 centimeter small pieces, ensure that the material size is uniform, according to the solid-liquid ratio of white feather vegetable to ethanol 1:8-1:12, prepare an ethanol solution with a concentration of 60%-70%, and low temperature environment can reduce the oxidation loss of flavonoids in the early stage of treatment. Step 2, the material is put into the extraction tank with ethanol through the feeding port (101), the cover of the feeding port (101) at the top of the extraction tank is opened, the chopped white feather is slowly added first to avoid the material accumulation on the tank wall, the pre-cooled ethanol solution is injected into the extraction tank through the metering pump after the feeding is completed, the liquid level gauge is observed during the injection to ensure that the liquid surface is 5-10 cm higher than the material, the condenser (2) is kept in working state during the feeding process to prevent the loss caused by ethanol volatilization, the feeding port (101) is closed after the feeding is completed, and each sealing part is checked to ensure that there is no leakage; Step 3, the heating jacket (103) is heated, the rubbing mechanism (3) is started, nitrogen is used for auxiliary extraction, the condenser (2) recovers ethanol, hot water or heat conducting oil is introduced into the heating jacket (103) through the heat medium inlet (104), the temperature in the extraction tank is controlled at 50-60℃, the driving motor (301) is started after the temperature reaches the set value, the rotating speed of the rubbing mechanism (3) is adjusted to 10-25 revolutions per minute, the valve (1067) of the breather pipe (106) is opened, and nitrogen is introduced at a flow rate of 0.5-1 liter per minute, the nitrogen is uniformly dispersed into the material through the air holes (1064) of the annular air pipe (1063). The coolant inlet (205) of the condenser (2) introduces cooling water at 10-15℃, and the ethanol vapor is condensed in the reflux pipe (203) and then returns to the extraction tank. The extraction is continued for 2-3 hours; Step 4, after the extraction is completed, the heating jacket (103), the rubbing mechanism (3) and the nitrogen valve (1067) are closed, the material in the extraction tank is naturally placed for 30-45 minutes to fully separate the solid and liquid, the condenser (2) is kept working during the placing process to prevent the volatilization of the remaining ethanol, the vacuum filtration device is used, the filtration pipe is inserted into the extraction tank at a position 10-15 cm below the liquid surface, and the vacuum pump is slowly opened to pump the supernatant into the storage tank; Step 5, after the supernatant is pumped, the valve (1067) of the discharge port (102) is opened, the rubbing mechanism (3) is started at low speed, the residue is discharged from the discharge port (102) to the collection barrel under the action of gravity, after the discharge port (102) is closed, deionized water at 80-85℃ is injected into the extraction tank to two-thirds of the volume, the rubbing mechanism (3) and the heating jacket (103) are opened, the washing water is discharged after 30 minutes of washing, the washing is repeated for 2-3 times until the discharged water is clear and free of impurities, finally the feeding port (101) and the discharge port (102) are opened for ventilation and drying, and the preparation for the next extraction is completed.

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