Pipe reducing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipe reducing device, which relates to the field of pipe processing and comprises a base, a cleaning structure is mounted in the middle of the surface of the base, a tension adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the cleaning structure, a reducing mold is mounted on the other side of the cleaning structure, a pipe body is inserted into the reducing mold, and a mold shell is mounted on the reducing mold. A limiting cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mold shell, the outer side of the limiting cylinder is wrapped with a driven gear, a guide rail is arranged on one side of the driven gear and fixedly connected to the inner ring face of the mold shell, four sets of guide blocks are evenly installed on the driven gear, and the four sets of guide blocks are slidably arranged in the guide rail. And a reducing mold core is mounted on the inner side of the limiting cylinder. According to the pipe diameter reducing device, the distance between the diameter reducing die cores is adjusted, machining of different diameter reducing ratios can be achieved in one set of die, pipes of various diameters can be produced without replacing the die, and the die replacing time and cost are remarkably reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of pipe processing, in particular to a pipe reducing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The thin alloy steel pipe is mainly made of cold-rolled steel sheet and welded and galvanized, with a diameter of 4.6-10.6 mm, and is mainly used as a liquid guide and gas guide pipe for automobiles and refrigerators. During the processing of the thin alloy steel pipe, the diameter of the pipe needs to be reduced, i.e. the pipe needs to be reduced in diameter, according to the specific use, so a pipe reducing device is needed.

[0003] Regarding the pipe reducing device, through retrieval, the patent with the publication number CN108188188A discloses a pipe reducing device and a pipe reducing method. The device includes a rack, a PLC controller, an extrusion assembly, a feeding assembly and a heating feeding assembly arranged on the rack from left to right. The whole pipe reducing process is automated. The feeding assembly is used to feed the heated pipe blank, which improves the production efficiency of the pipe reducing device and avoids safety accidents caused by the high-temperature pipe blank hitting the operator during manual feeding. Meanwhile, the first infrared sensor is arranged to sense the pipe blank.

[0004] The above device can accurately determine the specific length of the pipe blank at the extrusion reducing position, so as to avoid the pipe blank from being easily broken during the subsequent cold drawing and waste the raw materials and the production time of the operator. However, during actual use, the pipe is only reduced to a fixed diameter by the reducing die. During production, the same specification of pipe may need to be reduced to different diameters to adapt to different scenes, such as pipe connection and part assembly. The fixed-diameter reducing method can only meet a single requirement. If other diameter reducing pipes are to be produced, the die needs to be replaced, which increases the operation complexity and time cost. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a pipe reducing device to solve the defects mentioned in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a pipe reducing device is provided, which includes a base. A cleaning structure is installed on the middle part of the surface of the base. A tension adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the cleaning structure. A reducing die is installed on the other side of the cleaning structure. A pipe body is inserted into the reducing die. A die shell is installed on the reducing die. A limiting cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the die shell. A passive gear is wrapped on the outer side of the limiting cylinder. A guide rail is fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the die shell on the side of the passive gear. Four groups of guide blocks are uniformly installed on the passive gear. The four groups of guide blocks are slidingly arranged in the guide rail. A reducing die core is installed on the inner side of the limiting cylinder. Eight groups of reducing die cores are uniformly arranged along the circumferential inner wall of the limiting cylinder.

[0007] Further, the tension adjusting mechanism comprises a limiting disc, a sliding base, a supporting seat, a guide seat, a driving seat, a driving cylinder and a sliding rail, the limiting disc is circular, an arc-shaped clamping groove is formed on the outer wall of the limiting disc, the pipe body is inserted into the arc-shaped clamping groove, the main shaft at the bottom of the limiting disc is movably connected to the sliding base through a bearing seat, a sliding groove is formed in the sliding base, the size of the sliding groove is matched with the sliding rail, the sliding base is slidably arranged outside the sliding rail through the sliding groove, and the cross section of the sliding groove and the sliding rail is trapezoidal.

[0008] Further, a guide hole is formed at the bottom of the sliding rail, the guide hole is strip-shaped, a guide seat is inserted into the guide hole, the guide seat is slidably arranged in the guide hole, the driving seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide seat, the driving seat is fixed to the piston rod of the driving cylinder, and the driving cylinder and the sliding base are fixedly connected to the base through the supporting seat.

[0009] Further, the cleaning structure comprises a guide wheel, a limiting frame, a limiting wheel, a cleaning frame and a reverse cleaning disc, the guide wheel is movably arranged on the base, two groups of limiting pieces are arranged on the outer ring surface of the guide wheel, the pipe body is inserted between the two groups of limiting pieces, the cleaning frame is arranged at the end of the limiting frame, the cleaning frame and the limiting frame are arranged on the base, the reverse cleaning disc is arranged in the cleaning frame, two groups of limiting wheels are arranged in the limiting frame, and the pipe body is clamped between the two groups of limiting wheels.

[0010] Further, the reverse cleaning disc comprises a front disc, a rear disc, a connecting pipe and a liquid inlet pipe, the front disc and the rear disc are hollow, the front disc and the rear disc are annular, the pipe body is inserted into the holes in the middle of the front disc and the rear disc, the top of the front disc and the rear disc is communicated with the connecting pipe through a pipeline, and the liquid inlet pipe is arranged at the end of the connecting pipe.

[0011] Further, a plurality of reverse jet nozzles are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the front disc and the rear disc at equal intervals, the reverse jet nozzles are arranged in an "L" shape, the end openings of the plurality of reverse jet nozzles are directed to the outer ring surface of the pipe body, and the impact direction of the washing liquid jetted out of the end openings of the reverse jet nozzles is opposite to the movement direction of the pipe body.

[0012] Further, the reducing die further comprises a stepping motor, a driving gear and an end cover, the stepping motor is arranged on the die shell through a machine base, the output shaft of the stepping motor is fixed to the rotating shaft of the driving gear through a shaft coupling, the driving gear is provided with a driven gear at the bottom, the size of the driving gear and the driven gear is matched, and the driving gear and the driven gear are meshingly connected; eight groups of driving holes are uniformly formed on the driven gear, the driving holes are arranged in an inclined manner, the eight groups of driving holes are centrally symmetric about the center of the driven gear, and a passive column is inserted into each of the eight groups of driving holes.

[0013] Further, the eight sets of passive column ends are fixedly connected with transmission arms, eight sets of bosses are uniformly installed on the limiting cylinder, transmission limiting openings are formed in the bosses, the transmission limiting openings are penetrated by the transmission arms, the transmission arms are fixedly connected with the reduced diameter mold cores, and the eight sets of reduced diameter mold cores are synchronously driven by the stepping motor, the driving gear, the passive gear and the eight sets of driving openings, the passive columns and the transmission arms.

[0014] Further, the inside of the reduced diameter mold core is provided with a supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism, the supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism comprises an scCO2 inlet pipe, a communication pipe, an electric field cover, pulse electrodes, an outlet, a distribution disc, an exhaust port, an interference strip, an expanding surface and a reducing surface, the inside of the reduced diameter mold core is provided with an accommodating space, the electric field cover is fixedly connected to the inside of the accommodating space, the two sets of pulse electrodes are installed in the electric field cover and are in a spiral shape, the communication pipe is installed at the end of the electric field cover, and the scCO2 inlet pipe is installed at the end of the communication pipe.

[0015] Further, the surface of the electric field cover is provided with the outlet on the right side, the distribution disc is installed at the bottom of the electric field cover, a plurality of distribution holes are uniformly formed in the distribution disc, a plurality of exhaust ports are uniformly formed in the bottom of the reduced diameter mold core, the interference strip is fixedly arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the exhaust port, and the interference strip is in a spiral shape.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0017] 1. The flushing liquid is sprayed from the backflushing nozzles on the inner walls of the front disc and the rear disc, the impact direction of the flushing liquid sprayed from the end of the backflushing nozzle is opposite to the movement direction of the pipe body, the reverse impact of the flushing liquid can effectively strip the oxide layer, debris and other impurities on the surface of the pipe, avoids that these pollutants are pressed into the pipe body during the reducing in diameter, and causes surface defects, the multi-angle reverse spraying of the front disc and the rear disc can realize uniform cooling in the circumferential direction of the pipe, prevents uneven thermal stress caused by local high temperature, and reduces the deformation and crack risk of the pipe after reducing in diameter, the continuous lubricating film is formed on the surface of the pipe during the reverse impact of the flushing liquid, especially when the supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism is used, the friction coefficient between the pipe and the mold can be significantly reduced, and the reducing force demand is reduced, the existence of the lubricating film can effectively reduce the wear of the mold, prolong the service life of the mold, maintain the surface precision of the mold, and ensure the stability of the reducing size, the reverse flushing can effectively remove the metal particles on the surface of the pipe, avoids that the particles adhere to the surface of the mold to form a tumor, and thus the surface smoothness of the mold is maintained, and appropriate cooling rate can promote the dynamic recrystallization of the pipe during the reducing in diameter, refines the grains, and improves the strength and toughness of the pipe.

[0018] 2. The scheme can realize different reduction ratios in one set of molds by adjusting the distance between the diameter-reducing mold cores, without the need to replace the molds to produce various diameter pipes, significantly reducing the mold replacement time and cost; has the ability of step variable diameter: can process gradually changing diameter or multi-section variable diameter pipes, such as conical pipes, step pipes, to meet the needs of complex working conditions, such as fluid transition section, customized structural parts, eight diameter-reducing mold cores decompose the total diameter reduction into multiple small deformation stages, reducing the single deformation amount, avoiding wrinkles, cracking or uneven wall thickness of the pipe caused by local stress concentration;

[0019] 3. The scheme can form close adsorption through the coulomb force between the charged scCO2 droplets and the pipe surface, even if there is a small polarity or charge difference on the surface, which can resist the centrifugal force, friction force and high temperature gas flow impact during pipe conveying, significantly reducing the probability of lubricating film peeling, ensuring continuous and effective lubrication throughout the diameter reduction; for pipes or pipes with small concave-convex surface, the charged droplets can fill the surface gap through electrostatic adsorption, forming a more complete lubrication coverage, avoiding local dry friction; under the action of the electric field, the charge distribution of the scCO2 droplets is uniform, and the coulomb force has the characteristics of "same repulsion and different attraction", which will promote the automatic diffusion and uniform distribution of the droplets on the pipe surface, reducing the local lubrication thickness difference; avoid pipe deviation, uneven wall thickness or size deviation caused by excessive local friction, improve the precision indexes such as roundness and straightness of the reduced pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of the pipe diameter reduction device of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a bottom view of the pipe diameter reduction device of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a top view of the pipe diameter reduction device of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a rear view of the pipe diameter reduction device of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the tension adjusting mechanism of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a bottom view of the tension adjusting mechanism of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a sectional view of the tension adjusting mechanism of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the cleaning structure of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a schematic view of the counter-washing disc inside the cleaning structure of the present application;

[0029] Figure 10 isometric view of the structure of the present invention Figure 9

[0030] Figure 11 schematic diagram of the reducing die of the structure of the present invention

[0031] Figure 12 schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reducing die of the structure of the present invention

[0032] Figure 13 front view of the structure of the present invention Figure 12

[0033] Figure 14 schematic diagram of the stepping motor and its driving structure of the structure of the present invention

[0034] Figure 15 exploded view of the structure of the present invention Figure 12

[0035] cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention Figure 16 Figure 12 schematic diagram of the reducing die core of the structure of the present invention

[0036] Figure 17 bottom view of the cross section of the reducing die core of the structure of the present invention

[0037] Figure 18 schematic diagram of the internal pulse electrode structure of the reducing die core of the structure of the present invention

[0038] Figure 19 schematic diagram of the interference strip structure of the structure of the present invention

[0039] Figure 20 [Reference Signs]

[0040] [Reference Signs]

[0041] ​​​1, base; 2, pipe body; 3, tension adjusting mechanism; 31, limiting disc; 32, sliding seat; 33, support seat; 34, guide seat; 35, driving seat; 36, driving cylinder; 37, sliding rail; 371, guide through hole; 4, cleaning structure; 41, guide wheel; 42, limiting frame; 43, limiting wheel; 44, cleaning frame; 45, reverse cleaning disc; 451, front disc; 4510, backflushing nozzle; 452, rear disc; 453, connecting pipe; 454, liquid inlet pipe; 5, reducing die; 51, die shell; 52, stepping motor; 53, driving gear; 54, end cover; 55, driven gear; 551, driving port; 552, driven column; 553, transmission arm; 56, limiting cylinder; 561, boss; 5611, transmission limiting port; 57, reducing die core; 571, supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism; 572, scCO2 inlet pipe; 573, communication pipe; 574, electric field shield; 5741, pulse electrode; 575, outlet; 576, distribution disc; 577, discharge port; 5771, interference strip; 578, flared surface; 579, reducing surface; 58, guide rail; 581, guide block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] DETAILED DESCRIPTION Figures 1-20 The present application provides a technical solution: a pipe reducing device, comprising a base 1, a cleaning structure 4 is installed on the middle part of the surface of the base 1, a tension adjusting mechanism 3 is arranged on one side of the cleaning structure 4, a reducing die 5 is installed on the other side of the cleaning structure 4, a pipe body 2 is inserted into the reducing die 5, a die shell 51 is installed on the reducing die 5, a limiting cylinder 56 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the die shell 51, a driven gear 55 is wrapped on the outer side of the limiting cylinder 56, a guide rail 58 is arranged on one side of the driven gear 55 and fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the die shell 51, four groups of guide blocks 581 are uniformly installed on the driven gear 55, the four groups of guide blocks 581 are slidingly arranged in the interior of the guide rail 58, a reducing die core 57 is installed on the inner side of the limiting cylinder 56, and eight groups of the reducing die core 57 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential inner wall of the limiting cylinder 56.

[0043] Working principle: as shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 : when actually used, the pipe body 2 is subjected to tension adjustment through the tension adjusting mechanism 3, is subjected to surface cleaning through the cleaning structure 4, and finally enters the interior of the reducing die 5, so that the pipe body 2 can be subjected to reducing work through the reducing die 5.

[0044] As shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown: the tension adjusting mechanism 3 adjusts the pipe body 2 when it is being reduced in diameter, the way of tension adjustment is: when the pipe body 2 is loose, the external switch of the driving cylinder 36 is started at this time, the output shaft of the driving cylinder 36 drives the driving seat 35 to move horizontally, when the driving seat 35 moves, the slide seat 32 and the limiting disc 31 on it are driven by the guide seat 34 to extrude the position of the pipe body 2, the originally loose pipe body 2 is forced to be straightened, and under the guidance of the guide wheel 41, it enters the inside of the cleaning structure 4 to be cleaned, the driving cylinder 36 is driven linearly, combined with the guide seat 34 and the slide seat 32, the space occupied is small, and it is suitable for integration into the pipe processing equipment, the stroke of the driving cylinder 36 can be accurately controlled, the extrusion degree can be adjusted according to the looseness of the pipe, the fine adjustment of the tension is realized, the extrusion mode of the limiting disc 31 avoids the damage to the surface of the pipe, and it is suitable for high-precision pipe processing; this tension adjusting mode can quickly restore the tension during the pipe reducing and conveying process, ensure the continuity of production, and consider the accuracy and reliability at the same time, and it is especially suitable for the pipe processing scene sensitive to tension fluctuation; when the limiting disc 31 moves horizontally, the slide seat 32 at the bottom is slidably arranged outside the slide rail 37, the limiting disc 31 during movement can be limited and guided, the stability of the limiting disc 31 during movement is guaranteed, and it will not be inclined;

[0045] As Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10The pipe body 2 entering the inside of the cleaning frame 44 can be cleaned and cooled by the reverse cleaning disc 45, and can also play a lubricating role. The liquid enters the inside of the liquid inlet pipe 454, and then enters the inside of the front disc 451 and the rear disc 452 through the connecting pipe 453 respectively, and is sprayed out from the reverse jet head 4510 on the inner wall of the front disc 451 and the rear disc 452. The flushing liquid sprayed out from the end of the reverse jet head 4510 has an impact direction opposite to the movement direction of the pipe body 2. The reverse impact of the flushing liquid can effectively remove the oxide layer, debris and other impurities on the surface of the pipe, so that these pollutants are not pressed into the pipe body during the reducing process, thereby avoiding surface defects. Through the multi-angle reverse spraying of the front disc 451 and the rear disc 452, uniform cooling in the circumferential direction of the pipe can be realized, so as to prevent uneven thermal stress caused by local overheating, reduce the deformation and crack risk of the pipe after reducing, and form a continuous lubricating film on the surface of the pipe during the reverse impact of the flushing liquid. Especially when used in cooperation with the supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism 571, the friction coefficient between the pipe and the mold can be significantly reduced, and the reducing force demand can be reduced. The existence of the lubricating film can effectively reduce the wear of the mold, prolong the service life of the mold, maintain the surface precision of the mold, and ensure the stability of the reducing size. The hydraulic resistance generated by the reverse flushing can play a certain preforming role on the pipe, so that the pipe maintains stable coaxiality before entering the reducing mold 5, and reduces the problem of uneven wall thickness caused by eccentricity. The multi-angle layout of the reverse jet head 4510 can form a uniform pressure field around the pipe, offset the lateral deviation force that may be generated during the reducing process, and improve the reducing precision. The high-pressure flushing liquid of the reverse jet can better penetrate into the contact interface between the pipe and the mold, especially under the synergistic effect of the scCO2 lubrication, the boundary lubrication can be changed to fluid lubrication, and the generation of friction heat can be greatly reduced. During the movement of the pipe, the reverse flushing continuously supplements fresh lubricating liquid, avoids the failure of the lubricating film under high temperature and high pressure, and ensures the lubricating effect during the whole reducing process. The high-efficiency cleaning and cooling system can reduce the accumulation of impurities in the mold, reduce the downtime caused by cleaning the mold, and improve the continuous production capacity. Good lubrication and cooling conditions allow the pipe feeding speed in the reducing process to be increased, the production capacity is improved under the premise of ensuring the quality, the cooling effect of the flushing liquid can reduce the surface temperature of the pipe body 2, and the generation of thermal fatigue cracks can be reduced, which is especially important for the reducing mold core 57 subjected to high temperature and high pressure. The reverse flushing effectively removes the metal particles on the surface of the pipe, avoids the adhesion of these particles on the surface of the mold to form a tumor, and maintains the surface smoothness of the mold. Appropriate cooling rate can promote the dynamic recrystallization of the pipe during the reducing process, refine the grains, and improve the strength and toughness of the pipe. The reverse flushing design optimizes the pipe surface state, lubrication condition and thermal management through multi-dimensional optimization, provides a more stable processing environment for the subsequent reducing process, and finally improves the size precision, surface quality and production efficiency of the pipe.

[0046] As Figure 11 , Figure 12 ,Figure 13 , FIG., Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 shown: when the pipe body 2 is reduced in diameter inside the reducing die 5, the inside of the reducing die 5 is composed of eight sets of reducing die cores 57 to form a tapered hole, the inlet diameter matches the original outer diameter of the pipe, and the outlet diameter is the target reduced diameter; the reducing die core 57 on the inner wall of the die exerts radial pressure on the outer surface of the pipe, forcing the metal to flow plastically, completing the reduction of the pipe body 2; by adjusting the spacing of the reducing die cores 57, different reduction ratios can be achieved in one set of dies, without the need to change the dies to produce pipes of various diameters, significantly reducing die changing time and cost; with the ability to step down in diameter: tapered pipes, stepped pipes, etc. can be processed, meeting the needs of complex working conditions, such as fluid transition sections and customized structural components; the eight sets of reducing die cores 57 divide the total reduction into multiple small deformation stages, reducing the amount of deformation at one time and avoiding wrinkles, cracks or uneven wall thickness caused by local stress concentration; by adjusting the extrusion amount of each set of reducing die cores 57, the direction of metal plastic flow can be accurately controlled, improving the roundness and surface finish of the reduced pipe; the adjustable spacing of the reducing die cores 57 can compensate for die wear after long-term use, extending the life of the die while maintaining the consistency of processing accuracy; for high-strength alloy pipes, titanium alloys and stainless steels, the number of reducing die cores 57 can be increased and the amount of deformation at one time can be reduced to reduce resistance; for soft materials, the reduction speed can be increased; if combined with a heating system, the process can be expanded to hot reduction, further reducing deformation resistance; compared to single-mold one-time large deformation, segmented reduction requires lower equipment tonnage and less energy; significantly improving the adaptability, accuracy and efficiency of the pipe reduction process, especially suitable for flexible manufacturing needs; the movement driving mode of the eight sets of reducing die cores 57 is: start the external switch of the stepper motor 52, the output shaft of the stepper motor 52 drives the driving gear 53 to rotate, the driving gear 53 can drive the driven gear 55 to rotate, the driven gear 55 can drive the driving port 551 to rotate when rotating, the driving port 551 can drive the passive column 552 movably inserted therein to move during movement, the passive column 552 drives the reducing die core 57 through the transmission arm 553 to realize the position adjustment of the reducing die core 57, and the reducing die core 57 can be limited and guided by the transmission limiting port 5611 and the transmission arm 553 when lifting, or a guide hole can be formed on the reducing die core 57, and a guide rod fixedly connected to the inner wall of the die housing 51 is used for limiting and guiding to ensure the stability of the reducing die core 57 during movement, and the stepper motor 52, the driving gear 53 and the driven gear 55 are combined to form a transmission mechanism for the eight sets of reducing die cores 57, which includes but is not limited to setting a group;

[0047] The eight groups of reducing die cores 57 form a closed structure after synchronous movement, and can uniformly wrap the circumferential outer wall of the pipe body 2, so that deformation of the pipe body 2 surface that is not extruded is avoided.

[0048] Specific embodiment two: the tension adjusting mechanism 3 includes a limiting disc 31, a sliding seat 32, a supporting seat 33, a guide seat 34, a driving seat 35, a driving cylinder 36, and a sliding rail 37. The limiting disc 31 is circular, and an arc-shaped clamping groove is formed in the circumferential outer wall of the limiting disc 31. The pipe body 2 is inserted into the arc-shaped clamping groove. The main shaft at the bottom of the limiting disc 31 is movably connected to the sliding seat 32 through a bearing seat. A sliding groove is formed in the sliding seat 32, and the size of the sliding groove is matched with the sliding rail 37. The sliding seat 32 is slidably arranged outside the sliding rail 37 through the sliding groove. The cross section of the sliding groove and the sliding rail 37 is trapezoidal.

[0049] A guide hole 371 is formed in the bottom of the sliding rail 37, and the guide hole 371 is strip-shaped. The guide seat 34 is inserted into the guide hole 371. The guide seat 34 is slidably arranged in the guide hole 371. The driving seat 35 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide seat 34. The driving seat 35 is fixed to the piston rod of the driving cylinder 36. The driving cylinder 36 and the sliding seat 32 are fixedly connected to the base 1 through the supporting seat 33.

[0050] Specific embodiment three: the cleaning structure 4 includes a guide wheel 41, a limiting frame 42, a limiting wheel 43, a cleaning frame 44, and a reverse cleaning disc 45. The guide wheel 41 is movably installed on the base 1. Two groups of limiting pieces are installed on the outer ring surface of the guide wheel 41. The pipe body 2 is inserted between the two groups of limiting pieces. The limiting frame 42 is provided with the cleaning frame 44 at the end. The cleaning frame 44 and the limiting frame 42 are installed on the base 1. The reverse cleaning disc 45 is installed in the cleaning frame 44. Two groups of limiting wheels 43 are installed in the limiting frame 42. The pipe body 2 is clamped between the two groups of limiting wheels 43.

[0051] The reverse cleaning disc 45 includes a front disc 451, a rear disc 452, a connecting pipe 453, and a liquid inlet pipe 454. The front disc 451 and the rear disc 452 are hollow. The front disc 451 and the rear disc 452 are annular. The pipe body 2 is inserted into the through hole in the middle of the front disc 451 and the rear disc 452. The top of the front disc 451 and the rear disc 452 is communicated with the connecting pipe 453 through a pipeline. The connecting pipe 453 is provided with the liquid inlet pipe 454 at the end.

[0052] The circumferential inner wall of the front disc 451 and the rear disc 452 is fixedly provided with backflush nozzles 4510 distributed at equal intervals, the backflush nozzles 4510 are arranged in an "L" shape, the end nozzles of the plurality of groups of backflush nozzles 4510 point to the outer annular surface of the pipe body 2, and the flushing liquid sprayed out of the end nozzles of the backflush nozzles 4510 has an impact direction opposite to the movement direction of the pipe body 2.

[0053] Specific embodiment four: this embodiment is a further limitation of the specific embodiment one, the reducing die 5 further includes a stepper motor 52, a drive gear 53 and an end cover 54, the stepper motor 52 is installed on the die shell 51 through a machine base, the output shaft of the stepper motor 52 is fixed with the rotating shaft of the drive gear 53 through a shaft coupling, the bottom of the drive gear 53 is provided with a driven gear 55, the drive gear 53 and the driven gear 55 are matched in size, and the drive gear 53 and the driven gear 55 are connected in meshing; eight groups of driving openings 551 are uniformly arranged on the driven gear 55, the driving openings 551 are arranged in an inclined manner, the eight groups of driving openings 551 are centrally symmetric about the center of the driven gear 55, and the eight groups of driving openings 551 are each inserted with a driven column 552.

[0054] The end of each of the eight groups of driven columns 552 is fixedly connected with a transmission arm 553, eight groups of bosses 561 are uniformly installed on the limiting cylinder 56, a transmission limiting opening 5611 is arranged on the boss 561, the transmission limiting opening 5611 is inserted with the transmission arm 553, and the bottom of the transmission arm 553 is fixedly connected with a reducing die core 57. The eight groups of reducing die cores 57 are synchronously driven through the stepper motor 52, the drive gear 53, the driven gear 55, the eight groups of driving openings 551, the driven columns 552 and the transmission arms 553.

[0055] The inside of the reducing die core 57 is provided with a supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism 571, the supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism 571 includes an scCO2 inlet pipe 572, a communication pipe 573, an electric field shield 574, pulse electrodes 5741, an outlet 575, a distribution disc 576, discharge ports 577, interference strips 5771, an expanding surface 578 and a reducing surface 579, the inside of the reducing die core 57 is provided with an accommodating space, the inside of the accommodating space is fixedly connected with the electric field shield 574, the inside of the electric field shield 574 is installed with two groups of pulse electrodes 5741, and the two groups of pulse electrodes 5741 are each in a spiral shape; the end of the electric field shield 574 is installed with the communication pipe 573, and the end of the communication pipe 573 is installed with the scCO2 inlet pipe 572.

[0056] The surface of the electric field shield 574 is provided with the outlet 575 at the right side, the bottom of the electric field shield 574 is installed with the distribution disc 576, a plurality of distribution holes are uniformly arranged on the distribution disc 576, a plurality of discharge ports 577 are uniformly arranged on the bottom of the reducing die core 57, the circumferential inner wall of the discharge port 577 is fixedly provided with the interference strip 5771, and the interference strip 5771 is in a spiral shape.

[0057] AsFigure 17 , Figure 18 , Figure 19 and Figure 20As shown: when reducing the diameter of the pipe body 2, the supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism 571 is arranged in the reducing diameter die core 57, scCO2 enters the communication pipe 573 through the scCO2 pipe 572, and enters the electric field cover 574, the electric field cover 574 is provided with two groups of pulse electrodes 5741, the pulse electrodes 5741 generate a voltage of ±5-10kV, the frequency is between 1-10kHz, a strong electric field is formed, scCO2 forms charged droplets under the action of the electric field, the particle size is less than 1μm, and after being discharged from the outlet 575, the scCO2 fills in the reducing diameter die core 57 and is uniformly discharged through a large number of discharge outlets 577 under the distribution of the distribution disc 576 and covers the pipe body 2, because the scCO2 pipe 572 is connected with the external scCO2 supply device, when the diameter reduction starts, the scCO2 contacts the pipe to form a molecular level lubricating film, the lubricating effect is improved compared with the traditional oil-based lubricant, the friction coefficient is reduced, the scCO2 can be recycled, the pollution problem caused by the traditional lubricant is avoided, the scCO2 absorbs heat during the expansion process, so that the mold temperature is reduced, and the thermal deformation is reduced; the charged droplets of scCO2 can be adsorbed on the surface of the pipe body 2 by Coulomb force under the action of the electric field, the adhesion of the lubricating film is greatly improved; in the traditional lubricating mode, the lubricating medium may fall off due to high-speed movement of the pipe, high temperature or external force friction, resulting in local lubrication deficiency; and the charged scCO2 droplets are adsorbed on the surface of the pipe by Coulomb force, even if there is a small polarity or charge difference on the surface, a tight adsorption is formed, which can resist the centrifugal force, friction force and high-temperature gas flow impact in the pipe conveying process, significantly reducing the probability of lubricating film peeling, and ensuring continuous and effective lubrication during the whole diameter reduction process; for the pipe or the pipe with small concave-convex surface, the charged droplets can fill the surface gap by electrostatic adsorption, forming a more complete lubricating cover, avoiding local dry friction; under the action of the electric field, the charge distribution of the scCO2 droplets is uniform, and the Coulomb force has the characteristics of "same nature repulsion and different nature attraction", which can promote the automatic diffusion and uniform distribution of the droplets on the surface of the pipe, and reduce the local lubrication thickness difference; the uniform lubricating film can ensure the consistent distribution of the friction force between the pipe and the reducing diameter die core 57, avoid the pipe deviation, wall thickness unevenness or size deviation caused by local excessive friction, and improve the precision indexes such as roundness and straightness of the pipe after diameter reduction; scCO2 itself has good permeability and diffusivity, and the enhanced adhesion of the charge greatly improves the retention efficiency of the pipe surface, so that the effective lubricating film thickness can be maintained without a large amount of continuous supply, thereby reducing the consumption of scCO2 and the possible auxiliary lubricant; scCO2 has the characteristics of non-toxicity, easy volatilization and recyclability, combined with high-efficiency adhesion, can reduce the lubricating medium residue and emission, reduce the pollution to the processing environment, and meet the green manufacturing concept.

Claims

1. A pipe reducing device comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The surface of the base (1) is provided with a cleaning structure (4), one side of the cleaning structure (4) is provided with a tension adjusting mechanism (3), the other side of the cleaning structure (4) is provided with a reducing die (5), the reducing die (5) is inserted with a pipe body (2), the reducing die (5) is provided with a die shell (51), the inner wall of the die shell (51) is fixedly connected with a limiting cylinder (56), the outer side of the limiting cylinder (56) is wrapped with a driven gear (55), one side of the driven gear (55) is provided with a guide rail (58), the guide rail (58) is fixedly connected to the inner ring surface of the die shell (51), the driven gear (55) is uniformly provided with four groups of guide blocks (581), the four groups of guide blocks (581) are slidingly arranged in the inner side of the guide rail (58), the inner side of the limiting cylinder (56) is provided with a reducing die core (57), the reducing die core (57) is uniformly provided with eight groups along the circumferential inner wall of the limiting cylinder (56).

2. A pipe reducing device according to claim 1, wherein: The tension adjusting mechanism (3) comprises a limiting disc (31), a sliding seat (32), a supporting seat (33), a guide seat (34), a driving seat (35), a driving cylinder (36) and a sliding rail (37), the limiting disc (31) is circular, an arc-shaped clamping groove is formed in the circumferential outer wall of the limiting disc (31), the pipe body (2) is inserted into the arc-shaped clamping groove, the main shaft at the bottom of the limiting disc (31) is movably connected to the sliding seat (32) through a bearing seat, a sliding groove is formed in the inner side of the sliding seat (32), the size of the sliding groove is matched with the sliding rail (37), the sliding seat (32) is slidingly arranged outside the sliding rail (37) through the sliding groove, and the cross section of the sliding groove and the sliding rail (37) is trapezoidal.

3. A pipe reducing device according to claim 2, wherein: A guide hole (371) is formed in the bottom of the sliding rail (37), the guide hole (371) is strip-shaped, the guide seat (34) is inserted into the guide hole (371), the guide seat (34) is slidingly arranged in the inner side of the guide hole (371), the bottom of the guide seat (34) is fixedly connected with the driving seat (35), the driving seat (35) is fixed with the piston rod of the driving cylinder (36), and the driving cylinder (36) and the sliding seat (32) are fixedly connected to the base (1) through the supporting seat (33).

4. A pipe reducing device according to claim 1, wherein: The cleaning structure (4) comprises a guide wheel (41), a limiting frame (42), a limiting wheel (43), a cleaning frame (44) and a reverse cleaning disc (45), the guide wheel (41) is movably arranged on the base (1), two groups of limiting pieces are arranged on the outer ring surface of the guide wheel (41), the pipe body (2) is inserted between the two groups of limiting pieces, the cleaning frame (44) is arranged at the end of the limiting frame (42), the cleaning frame (44) and the limiting frame (42) are arranged on the base (1), the reverse cleaning disc (45) is arranged in the inner side of the cleaning frame (44), two groups of limiting wheels (43) are arranged in the inner side of the limiting frame (42), and the pipe body (2) is clamped between the two groups of limiting wheels (43).

5. A pipe reducing device according to claim 4, wherein: The backwashing disc (45) comprises a front disc (451), a rear disc (452), a connecting pipe (453) and a liquid inlet pipe (454), the front disc (451) and the rear disc (452) are hollowly arranged, the front disc (451) and the rear disc (452) are annularly arranged, the pipe body (2) is inserted into the perforated middle part of the front disc (451) and the rear disc (452), the top of the front disc (451) and the top of the rear disc (452) are communicated with the connecting pipe (453) through pipes, and the liquid inlet pipe (454) is installed at the end of the connecting pipe (453).

6. A pipe reducing device according to claim 5, wherein: A plurality of backflushing nozzles (4510) are fixedly arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the front disc (451) and the rear disc (452) at equal intervals, the backflushing nozzles (4510) are arranged in an "L" shape, the end nozzles of the backflushing nozzles (4510) are directed to the outer annular surface of the pipe body (2), and the impact direction of the washing liquid sprayed out of the end nozzles of the backflushing nozzles (4510) is opposite to the movement direction of the pipe body (2).

7. A pipe reducing device as defined in claim 1 wherein: The reducing die (5) further comprises a stepping motor (52), a driving gear (53) and an end cover (54), the stepping motor (52) is installed on the die shell (51) through a machine base, the output shaft of the stepping motor (52) is fixed with the rotating shaft of the driving gear (53) through a shaft coupling, the bottom of the driving gear (53) is provided with a driven gear (55), the driving gear (53) and the driven gear (55) are matched in size, and the driving gear (53) and the driven gear (55) are connected in meshing engagement; eight groups of driving holes (551) are uniformly formed in the driven gear (55), the driving holes (551) are arranged in an inclined manner, the eight groups of driving holes (551) are centrally symmetric about the center of the driven gear (55), and the eight groups of driving holes (551) are inserted with driven columns (552) in the interiors thereof.

8. A pipe reducing device according to claim 7, wherein: The eight groups of driven columns (552) are fixedly connected with transmission arms (553) at the ends thereof, eight groups of bosses (561) are uniformly installed on the limiting cylinder (56), transmission limiting holes (5611) are formed in the bosses (561), the transmission limiting holes (5611) are inserted with the transmission arms (553) in the interiors thereof, the transmission arms (553) are fixedly connected with reducing die cores (57) at the bottoms thereof, and the eight groups of reducing die cores (57) are synchronously driven through the stepping motor (52), the driving gear (53), the driven gear (55) and the eight groups of driving holes (551), the driven columns (552) and the transmission arms (553).

9. A pipe reducing device according to claim 8, wherein: The inside of the reducing core (57) is provided with a supercritical pipe lubricating mechanism (571), which comprises an scCO2 inlet pipe (572), a communication pipe (573), an electric field shield (574), pulse electrodes (5741), an outlet (575), a distribution disc (576), a discharge port (577), an interference strip (5771), a flared surface (578), and a reducing surface (579). The inside of the reducing core (57) is provided with a containing space, the inside of the containing space is fixedly connected with the electric field shield (574), the inside of the electric field shield (574) is mounted with two groups of pulse electrodes (5741), and the two groups of pulse electrodes (5741) are both in a spiral shape. The end of the electric field shield (574) is mounted with the communication pipe (573), and the end of the communication pipe (573) is mounted with the scCO2 inlet pipe (572).

10. A pipe reducing device according to claim 9, wherein: The surface right side of the electric field shield (574) is provided with the outlet (575), the bottom of the electric field shield (574) is mounted with the distribution disc (576), a plurality of groups of distribution holes are uniformly formed in the distribution disc (576), a plurality of groups of discharge ports (577) are uniformly formed in the bottom of the reducing core (57), the interference strip (5771) is fixedly arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the discharge port (577), and the interference strip (5771) is in a spiral shape.

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