Quality evaluation and control method of rumen bypass algae powder for ruminants

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a quality evaluation and control method of rumen bypass algae powder for ruminants, which comprises the following steps: determining whether the stability of the rumen bypass algae powder in a simulated rumen environment is qualified or not based on rumen environment characterization parameters; the air inlet temperature or atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine is determined and adjusted according to the difference value between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter; determining whether the rumen bypass protection effectiveness of the rumen bypass algae powder reaches the standard or not based on the rumen bypass retention rate, and determining and adjusting the coating duration of the fluidized bed coating machine according to the ratio of the rumen bypass retention rate to a preset rumen bypass retention rate; determining whether the release effect of the rumen bypass algae powder in the simulated intestinal environment is qualified or not based on the targeted release index, and determining and adjusting the proportion of acrylic resin in the rumen bypass algae powder according to the relative difference between the preset targeted release index and the targeted release index. The quality evaluation accuracy of the rumen bypass algae powder is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of feed processing, in particular to a quality evaluation and control method of over-rumen algal powder for ruminants. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ruminants have a unique rumen digestion system, and there is a complex microecological system in the rumen, which contains a variety of microorganisms that play a key role in the decomposition and utilization of feed nutrients. However, many nutrients in feed, especially unsaturated fatty acids and proteins, are largely degraded by rumen microorganisms before being absorbed in the small intestine, resulting in reduced nutrient utilization. Over-rumen technology stabilizes feed additives in the rumen through specific chemical or physical treatment, and then releases and absorbs them after reaching the small intestine, thereby improving feed utilization and animal production performance. Algal powder, as a high-quality feed additive, has significant effects on increasing milk production, improving milk quality, and enhancing immunity in ruminants. However, the effective components in algal powder are easily degraded by microorganisms in the rumen environment, and therefore need to be protected by over-rumen technology to fully utilize their nutritional value.

[0003] Chinese patent application publication No. CN115575279A discloses a quality evaluation and control method of over-rumen schizochytrium powder for ruminants, which includes: obtaining the in-vitro wall breaking and release process of over-rumen schizochytrium powder through a biomimetic enzyme digestion wall breaking test, and establishing a correlation between the in-vitro digestion process of schizochytrium powder and its effect on the DHA content in milk, thereby formulating the in-vitro wall breaking rate limit of over-rumen schizochytrium powder as follows: the wall breaking rate in 24 hours in simulated rumen fluid is less than 25%, and the digestion fluid PH is adjusted to 1.4 after 24 hours in simulated rumen fluid, and pepsin is added, and the release degree in 2 hours is greater than 85%.

[0004] However, the existing technology has the following problems: only using wall breaking rate and release degree as evaluation indicators, lacking processing of rumen stability and intestinal release dynamic process, resulting in inability to accurately control the effectiveness of over-rumen algal powder, thereby causing low accuracy of quality evaluation of over-rumen algal powder. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a quality evaluation and control method of over-rumen algal powder for ruminants to overcome the problem of low accuracy of quality evaluation of over-rumen algal powder in the prior art due to the lack of processing of rumen stability and intestinal release dynamic process, resulting in inability to accurately control the effectiveness of over-rumen algal powder.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a quality evaluation and control method of over-rumen algal powder for ruminants, which includes: Put the over-worm stomach algae powder in the simulated rumen environment fermentation, obtain the fermentation over-worm stomach algae powder residue data; Determine the rumen environment characterization parameter based on the over-worm stomach algae powder residue data to determine whether the stability of the over-worm stomach algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is qualified, and determine the adjustment of the inlet temperature or the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine according to the difference between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter; Put the over-worm stomach algae powder residue after the simulated rumen environment fermentation in the simulated true stomach environment for processing, obtain the target effective component data of the over-worm stomach algae powder residue after the simulated true stomach environment processing; Determine the over-worm stomach retention rate based on the target effective component data to determine whether the over-worm stomach protection effectiveness of the over-worm stomach algae powder meets the standard, and determine the coating time of the fluidized bed coating machine according to the ratio of the over-worm stomach retention rate to the preset over-worm stomach retention rate; Release the over-worm stomach algae powder residue processed in the simulated rumen environment in the simulated intestinal environment, obtain the cumulative release amount data during the release process of the over-worm stomach algae powder residue; Determine the target release index based on the cumulative release amount data to determine whether the release effect of the over-worm stomach algae powder in the simulated intestinal environment is qualified, and determine the adjustment of the proportion of acrylic resin in the over-worm stomach algae powder according to the relative difference between the preset target release index and the target release index.

[0007] Further, the stability of the over-worm stomach algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is not qualified based on the comparison result that the rumen environment characterization parameter is less than or equal to the preset rumen environment characterization parameter, wherein the rumen environment characterization parameter is determined according to the dry matter retention rate and the fermentation inhibition coefficient.

[0008] Further, the process of adjusting the inlet temperature of the fluidized bed coating machine includes: Calculate the difference between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter under the condition that the stability of the over-worm stomach algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is not qualified; Determine to increase the inlet temperature based on the comparison result that the difference is less than or equal to the preset difference; Wherein, the increased inlet temperature is determined according to the inlet temperature and the preset inlet temperature adjustment coefficient.

[0009] Further, the process of adjusting the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine includes: Calculate the difference between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter under the condition that the stability of the over-worm stomach algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is not qualified; Determine to reduce the atomization pressure based on the comparison result that the difference is greater than the preset difference; Wherein, the reduced atomization pressure is determined according to the atomization pressure and the preset atomization pressure adjustment coefficient.

[0010] Further, the over-pasture protection effectiveness of the over-pasture algae powder is determined to be substandard based on a comparison result that the over-pasture retention rate is less than or equal to a preset over-pasture retention rate.

[0011] Further, the over-pasture retention rate is obtained by: determining the mass concentration of the target effective component in the over-pasture algae powder residue by high performance liquid chromatography; the product of the mass concentration and the volume of the over-pasture algae powder residue is recorded as the total mass of the residue effective component; weighing an equal mass of the original algae powder that has not been subjected to rumen treatment before fermentation of the over-pasture algae powder; determining the total mass of the original effective component in the original algae powder by high performance liquid chromatography; The over-pasture retention rate is the ratio of the total mass of the residue effective component to the total mass of the original effective component.

[0012] Further, the process of adjusting the coating time of the fluidized bed coating machine includes: calculating the ratio of the over-pasture retention rate under the condition that the over-pasture protection effectiveness of the over-pasture algae powder is substandard to the preset over-pasture retention rate; determining to increase the coating time by a first preset coating time adjustment coefficient based on a comparison result that the ratio is less than or equal to a preset ratio; determining to increase the coating time by a second preset coating time adjustment coefficient based on a comparison result that the ratio is greater than the preset ratio.

[0013] Further, the release effect of the over-pasture algae powder in the simulated intestinal environment is determined to be unqualified based on a comparison result that the target release index is less than or equal to a preset target release index.

[0014] Further, the target release index is obtained by: sampling at different time points during the simulated intestinal digestion process, and determining the cumulative release amount of the target effective component at each time point; plotting a release curve with time as the horizontal coordinate and the cumulative release percentage as the vertical coordinate; respectively calculating an actual release integral of the actual release curve and an experimental release integral of the experimental release curve; The target release index is the ratio of the actual release integral to the experimental release integral.

[0015] Further, the process of adjusting the proportion of acrylic resin in the over-pasture algae powder includes: calculating the relative difference between the preset target release index and the target release index under the condition that the release effect of the over-pasture algae powder in the simulated intestinal environment is unqualified; determining, based on the comparison result that the relative difference is less than or equal to a preset relative difference, that the proportion of the acrylic resin is increased by a first preset proportion adjustment coefficient; determining, based on the comparison result that the relative difference is greater than a preset relative difference, that the proportion of the acrylic resin is increased by a second preset proportion adjustment coefficient.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that the present application calculates the rumen environment characteristic parameter to judge the stability, adjusts the inlet temperature or atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine when it is unqualified, then processes in the simulated true stomach environment, calculates the rumen retention rate to judge the protection effectiveness, adjusts the coating time when it is unqualified, finally releases in the simulated intestinal environment, calculates the target release index to judge the release effect, and adjusts the proportion of acrylic resin when it is unqualified, realizes the quantification of the whole digestive tract environment performance, the rumen environment characteristic parameter comprehensively reflects the physical retention and fermentation inhibition, the rumen retention rate focuses on the protection of effective components, the target release index is related to the release efficiency in the intestinal tract, ensures that the determination result is highly matched with the actual digestive process, the rumen stage ensures that the coating layer resists microbial degradation, the true stomach stage ensures that the effective components are not destroyed by acid, the intestinal stage ensures that the effective components are accurately released, adjusting the inlet temperature or atomization pressure can improve the density or uniformity of the coating layer, thereby improving the retention rate and release effect, the optimization of the target release index can ensure that the effective components are efficiently released in the intestinal tract, improve the absorption rate of animals, and the improvement of the rumen retention rate can reduce the waste of effective components, thereby accurately controlling the effectiveness of the rumen-resistant algal powder, thereby improving the quality evaluation accuracy of the rumen-resistant algal powder.

[0017] Further, the present application judges the stability of the rumen-resistant algal powder in the simulated rumen environment through the rumen environment characteristic parameter, if it is unqualified, adjusts the inlet temperature or atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine to optimize the coating effect, the dry matter retention rate in the rumen environment characteristic parameter reflects the physical protection ability of the coating layer to the algal powder, the fermentation inhibition coefficient is calculated through the gas production difference, and the chemical barrier effect of the coating layer to microbial degradation is characterized, the inlet temperature adjustment is aimed at insufficient dry matter retention rate, the polymer melt viscosity is increased to enhance the mechanical strength of the coating layer, the atomization pressure adjustment is aimed at insufficient fermentation inhibition coefficient, the droplet particle size is reduced to improve the coating coverage and reduce the microbial contact area, by matching the characteristics of the rumen environment, it is ensured that the rumen-resistant algal powder can resist rumen degradation and be effectively released in the true stomach environment in the digestive process of ruminants, thereby improving the utilization rate of the algal powder and improving the animal nutrition absorption efficiency.

[0018] Further, the present application judges the over-rumen protection effectiveness by the over-rumen retention rate, if not up to standard, the coating time is adjusted, increasing the coating time can increase the thickness and density of the coating layer, which can effectively resist the rumen environment, but if the coating time is too long, it may lead to the coating layer being too thick, affecting the effective disintegration and release in the intestinal tract, so the coating time should be appropriately increased, the over-rumen retention rate quantifies the protection effect of the coating layer on the target active ingredient, the active ingredient mass is accurately determined by high performance liquid chromatography, ensuring the scientificity of the retention rate calculation, ensuring that the retention rate matches the actual protection demand, enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the over-rumen protection standard, ensuring the synergy of the coating layer protection function and intestinal release, and ensuring that the coating layer forms a complete physical barrier to effectively resist the degradation of rumen microorganisms.

[0019] Further, the present application judges the release effect by the target release index, if not up to standard, the proportion of acrylic resin is adjusted, increasing the proportion of acrylic resin can avoid the coating layer from disintegrating too early, leading to the active ingredient being released too early in the rumen, but if the proportion of acrylic resin is too high, the coating layer may be too stable, and even if it enters the intestinal tract, it cannot be dissolved in time, causing delayed or incomplete release, therefore the proportion of acrylic resin should be appropriately increased, improving the scientificity and comprehensiveness of the over-rumen algal powder intestinal release effect evaluation, realizing the accurate characterization of the release process, avoiding the one-sidedness of single index evaluation, and ensuring the reliability of the over-rumen algal powder function exertion, the proportion of acrylic resin as the core enteric coating material affects the dissolution performance of the coating layer in the intestinal environment, which not only avoids the imbalance of the coating layer performance caused by blind adjustment, but also can targetedly optimize the intestinal dissolution efficiency, ensuring that the target active ingredient of the over-rumen algal powder can be accurately released in the small intestinal absorption window period, providing stable nutrient supply for ruminants, avoiding nutrient waste caused by poor release effect, and thus accurately controlling the effectiveness of the over-rumen algal powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The flow chart of the quality evaluation and control method of the over-rumen algal powder for ruminants according to the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the present application is further described below in combination with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0022] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] It should be noted that the data in the embodiment are obtained by comprehensive analysis and evaluation of historical detection data and corresponding historical detection results in the three months before the detection. Those skilled in the art can understand that the determination method of the present application for a single parameter can be to select the value with the highest proportion as the preset standard parameter according to the data distribution, to use weighted summation to obtain the value as the preset standard parameter, to substitute each historical data into a specific formula and to obtain the value by using the formula as the preset standard parameter, or other selection methods, as long as the present application can clearly define different specific situations in the single determination process through the obtained value.

[0024] Referring to FIG. 1, which is a flowchart of the quality evaluation and control method of the over-rumen algal powder for ruminants according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1

[0025] The quality evaluation and control method of the over-rumen algal powder for ruminants according to the embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps: Step S1, fermenting the over-rumen algal powder in a simulated rumen environment to obtain over-rumen algal powder residue data after fermentation; Step S2, determining a rumen environment representation parameter based on the over-rumen algal powder residue data to determine whether the stability of the over-rumen algal powder in the simulated rumen environment is qualified, and determining to adjust the inlet air temperature or the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine according to the difference between the preset rumen environment representation parameter and the rumen environment representation parameter; Step S3, processing the over-rumen algal powder residue after fermentation in the simulated rumen environment in a simulated true stomach environment to obtain target effective component data of the over-rumen algal powder residue after processing in the simulated true stomach environment; Step S4, determining the over-rumen retention rate based on the target effective component data to determine whether the over-rumen protection effectiveness of the over-rumen algal powder meets the standard, and determining to adjust the coating time of the fluidized bed coating machine according to the ratio of the over-rumen retention rate to the preset over-rumen retention rate; Step S5, releasing the over-rumen algal powder residue processed in the simulated rumen environment in a simulated intestinal environment to obtain cumulative release amount data during the release process of the over-rumen algal powder residue; Step S6, determining a targeted release index based on the cumulative release amount data to determine whether the release effect of the over-rumen algal powder in the simulated intestinal environment is qualified, and determining to adjust the proportion of acrylic resin in the over-rumen algal powder according to the relative difference between the preset targeted release index and the targeted release index.

[0026] ​Specifically, the present application calculates the rumen environment characterization parameter to determine the stability by fermenting the rumen-protected algae powder in a simulated rumen environment, adjusts the inlet temperature or atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coater when it is unqualified, then processes in a simulated true stomach environment, calculates the rumen-protected retention rate to determine the protection effectiveness, adjusts the coating time when it is unqualified, finally releases in a simulated intestinal environment, calculates the targeted release index to determine the release effect, and adjusts the proportion of acrylic resin when it is unqualified, thereby realizing the quantification of the performance in the whole digestive tract environment, the rumen environment characterization parameter comprehensively considers the physical retention and fermentation inhibition, the rumen-protected retention rate focuses on the protection of effective components, and the targeted release index is related to the release efficiency in the intestine, so as to ensure that the determination result is highly matched with the actual digestive process, the rumen stage ensures that the coating layer resists microbial degradation, the true stomach stage ensures that the effective components are not damaged by acid, and the intestinal stage ensures that the effective components are accurately released, adjusting the inlet temperature or atomization pressure can improve the density or uniformity of the coating layer, thereby improving the retention rate and release effect, the optimization of the targeted release index can ensure that the effective components are efficiently released in the intestine, thereby improving the absorption rate of animals, and the improvement of the rumen-protected retention rate can reduce the waste of effective components, thereby accurately controlling the effectiveness of the rumen-protected algae powder, thereby improving the quality evaluation accuracy of the rumen-protected algae powder.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present application, the rumen-protected algae powder residue data includes residue dry weight for calculating dry matter retention rate and fermentation gas production for calculating fermentation inhibition coefficient.

[0028] Specifically, the preparation process of the rumen-protected algae powder includes: sieving the original algae powder, selecting particles with uniform particle size as materials, and feeding the materials into the fluidized bed coater; dissolving acrylic resin, plasticizer, anti-adhesive and ethyl cellulose in a solvent to form a coating liquid by stirring; depositing the coating liquid on the surface of the materials under preset conditions to form a film, and obtaining the rumen-protected algae powder after drying and cooling.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the ratio of acrylic resin to ethyl cellulose is 1:3.

[0030] In the embodiment of the present application, the plasticizer is one of triethyl citrate or diethyl phthalate.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the anti-adhesive is one of talc or micro-powder silica gel.

[0032] In the embodiment of the present application, the solvent is pure water.

[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset conditions are that the inlet temperature is 60-75 DEG C, preferably 65 DEG C, the atomization pressure is 0.8-1.2 MPa, and the coating time is 2-4 h.

[0034] Specifically, the simulated rumen environment is a mixed solution obtained by mixing rumen fluid with artificial saliva buffer solution to which CO2 is previously introduced at a ratio of 1:2.

[0035] Specifically, the process of fermenting the over-rumen algal powder in the simulated rumen environment is as follows: a preset mass of over-rumen algal powder is weighed and placed in a fermentation bottle; a preset volume of the mixed solution is injected into the fermentation bottle; CO2 is continuously introduced into the fermentation bottle; and the fermentation bottle is placed in a constant-temperature water bath shaker at 39 DEG C to simulate the peristalsis of the rumen, wherein the over-rumen algal powder is algal powder that can be degraded by microorganisms and produce gas in an anaerobic environment of the rumen.

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset mass is 0.5 g, and the preset volume is 30 mL.

[0037] Specifically, the process of treating the over-rumen algal powder residue in the simulated stomach is as follows: dilute hydrochloric acid is added to pepsin to obtain simulated gastric juice; the over-rumen algal powder residue after the simulated rumen fermentation is used as a starting material and is placed in a conical flask containing the simulated gastric juice; and incubation is performed in a 37 DEG C water bath shaker for 2 hours to simulate the residence in the stomach.

[0038] Specifically, the process of treating the over-rumen algal powder residue in the simulated intestinal environment is as follows: after the simulated stomach digestion is completed, sodium bicarbonate solution, pancreatin and bile salts are added to the simulated gastric juice to obtain simulated intestinal juice; and incubation is performed in a 37 DEG C water bath shaker for 4 hours to simulate the digestion and absorption process of the small intestine.

[0039] Specifically, the present application determines whether the stability of the over-rumen algal powder in the simulated rumen environment is qualified according to the comparison result of the rumen environment characterization parameter determined according to the residue data of the over-rumen algal powder and the preset rumen environment characterization parameter; When the rumen environment characterization parameter is less than or equal to the preset rumen environment characterization parameter, it is determined that the stability of the over-rumen algal powder in the simulated rumen environment is unqualified; When the rumen environment characterization parameter is greater than the preset rumen environment characterization parameter, it is determined that the stability of the over-rumen algal powder in the simulated rumen environment is qualified.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset rumen environment characterization parameter has a value range of [0.65, 0.75], and is preferably 0.7, but the above value is not limited thereto, and a person skilled in the art can also adjust the value according to actual needs.

[0041] In the implementation process, the process of obtaining the rumen environment characterization parameter is as follows: after the fermentation is completed, the over-rumen algal powder residue is taken out, washed, dried and weighed to obtain the dry weight of the residue; the ratio of the dry weight of the residue to the preset mass is recorded as the dry matter retention rate; the fermentation gas production of the over-rumen algal powder and the gas production of the uncoated original algal powder are detected; the tangent hyperbolic function value of 1- (the ratio of the fermentation gas production to the gas production) / the preset adjustment coefficient is recorded as the fermentation inhibition coefficient; the rumen environment characterization parameter is the product of the dry matter retention rate and the weight 0.6 plus the product of the fermentation inhibition coefficient and the weight 0.4, wherein the preset adjustment coefficient is a function of the gas production of the uncoated original algal powder under the same fermentation condition, for example, 1 / 2 of the gas production.

[0042] Specifically, in the condition that the stability of the over-rumen algal powder in the simulated rumen environment is determined to be unqualified, the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the difference between the rumen environment characterization parameter and the preset difference value are compared to determine whether to adjust the inlet air temperature or the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine; When the difference is less than or equal to the preset difference value, the inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed coating machine is increased to the corresponding value by a preset inlet air temperature adjustment coefficient 1.15; When the difference is greater than the preset difference value, the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine is reduced to the corresponding value by a preset atomization pressure adjustment coefficient 0.95; Wherein, the difference is the difference between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset difference value is in the range of [0.2, 0.3], preferably 0.25, but the above value is not limited thereto, and the skilled person in the art can also adjust the value according to actual needs.

[0044] In the embodiment of the present application, the increased inlet air temperature is the product of the inlet air temperature and the preset inlet air temperature adjustment coefficient, and the preset inlet air temperature adjustment coefficient is 1.15; the reduced atomization pressure is the product of the atomization pressure and the preset atomization pressure adjustment coefficient, and the preset atomization pressure adjustment coefficient is 0.95; in order to ensure that the adjusted inlet air temperature or atomization pressure meets the actual needs, the adjustment range should not be too large, so the adjustment range is controlled by setting the adjustment coefficient.

[0045] Specifically, the application determines the stability of the over-rumen algae powder in the simulated rumen environment through the rumen environment characteristic parameters, if not qualified, the inlet temperature or the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine is adjusted to optimize the coating effect, the dry matter retention rate in the rumen environment characteristic parameters reflects the physical protection ability of the coating layer to the algae powder, the fermentation inhibition coefficient is calculated through the gas production difference, which represents the chemical barrier effect of the coating layer to microbial degradation, the inlet temperature adjustment is aimed at insufficient dry matter retention rate, the mechanical strength of the coating layer is enhanced by increasing the polymer melt viscosity, the atomization pressure adjustment is aimed at insufficient fermentation inhibition coefficient, the coating coverage is improved by reducing the droplet size to reduce the microbial contact area, by matching the rumen environment characteristics, it is ensured that the over-rumen algae powder can resist rumen degradation and be effectively released in the true stomach environment during the digestion process of ruminants, the utilization rate of the algae powder is improved, and the animal nutrition absorption efficiency is improved.

[0046] Specifically, the application determines the over-rumen protection effectiveness of the over-rumen algae powder according to the comparison result of the over-rumen retention rate and the preset over-rumen retention rate; When the over-rumen retention rate is less than or equal to the preset over-rumen retention rate, it is determined that the over-rumen protection effectiveness of the over-rumen algae powder is not up to standard; When the over-rumen retention rate is greater than the preset over-rumen retention rate, it is determined that the over-rumen protection effectiveness of the over-rumen algae powder is up to standard.

[0047] In the embodiment of the application, the preset over-rumen retention rate is in the range of [0.8, 0.9], preferably 0.85, but the above value is not limited thereto, and the skilled person in the art can also adjust the value according to actual needs.

[0048] In the implementation process, the over-rumen retention rate is obtained by measuring the mass concentration of the target effective component in the over-rumen algae powder residue by high performance liquid chromatography; the product of the mass concentration and the volume of the over-rumen algae powder residue is recorded as the total mass of the residue effective component; the same mass of the original algae powder that has not been subjected to rumen treatment before fermentation is weighed; the total mass of the original effective component in the original algae powder is measured by high performance liquid chromatography; the ratio of the total mass of the residue effective component to the total mass of the original effective component is recorded as the over-rumen retention rate, wherein the target effective component is an unsaturated fatty acid rich in the over-rumen algae powder.

[0049] Specifically, the application determines the over-rumen protection effectiveness of the over-rumen algae powder according to the comparison result of the over-rumen retention rate and the preset over-rumen retention rate; When the ratio is less than or equal to the preset ratio, it is determined that the coating time is increased to the corresponding value by a first preset coating time adjustment coefficient 1.1; When the ratio is greater than the preset ratio, it is determined that the coating time is increased to a corresponding value by a second preset coating time adjustment coefficient 1.3; The ratio is a ratio of the rumen retention rate to a preset rumen retention rate.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset ratio is in the range of [0.6, 0.7], preferably 0.65, but the above-mentioned value is not limited thereto, and the person skilled in the art can also adjust the value according to actual needs.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the increased coating time is the product of the coating time and the preset coating time adjustment coefficient, the preset coating time adjustment coefficient includes the first preset coating time adjustment coefficient, the value of which is 1.1, and the second preset coating time adjustment coefficient, the value of which is 1.3. The first preset coating time adjustment coefficient and the second preset coating time adjustment coefficient are both data obtained in experiments, and in order to ensure that the adjusted value meets the actual demand, the adjustment range should not be too large, so the adjustment coefficient is set to control the adjustment range.

[0052] Specifically, the present application judges the effectiveness of the rumen protection by the rumen retention rate, if it is not up to standard, the coating time is adjusted, increasing the coating time can increase the thickness and density of the coating layer, which can effectively resist the rumen environment, but if the coating time is too long, it may lead to the coating layer being too thick, affecting the effective disintegration and release in the intestinal tract, therefore the coating time should be appropriately increased. The rumen retention rate quantifies the protection effect of the coating layer on the target active ingredient, and the active ingredient mass is accurately determined by high performance liquid chromatography, ensuring the scientificity of the retention rate calculation, ensuring that the retention rate matches the actual protection demand, enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the rumen protection standard, ensuring the synergy of the protection function of the coating layer and the intestinal release, ensuring that the coating layer forms a complete physical barrier to effectively resist the degradation of rumen microorganisms.

[0053] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application determines whether the release effect of the rumen-resistant algal powder in the simulated intestinal environment is qualified according to the comparison result of the target release index and the preset target release index. When the target release index is less than or equal to the preset target release index, it is determined that the release effect of the rumen-resistant algal powder in the simulated intestinal environment is unqualified. When the target release index is greater than the preset target release index, it is determined that the release effect of the rumen-resistant algal powder in the simulated intestinal environment is qualified.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset target release index is in the range of [0.85, 0.95], preferably 0.9, but the above-mentioned value is not limited thereto, and the person skilled in the art can also adjust the value according to actual needs.

[0055] In the implementation process, the target release index is obtained by sampling at different time points during simulated intestinal digestion, determining the cumulative release amount of the target active ingredient at each time point, taking time t as the abscissa and the cumulative release percentage as the ordinate to draw a release curve, integrating the 0 to T time of the experimental release curve with a release percentage of <20% in 1-2 hours and a release percentage of >70% in 2-4 hours to obtain an experimental release integral, and calculating the integral of 0 to T time of the actual release curve measured at each time point by using the trapezoidal rule to obtain an actual release integral, wherein the target release index is the ratio of the actual release integral to the experimental release integral, the experimental release curve is an ideal broken line starting from time 0 and release amount 0, reaching 20% at 2 hours and 70% at 4 hours, and keeping the release amount at 70% from 4 hours to the experimental end time T, and the experimental release integral is the area of the graph of the broken line from 0 to T time.

[0056] Specifically, in the case where the release effect of the over-worm algae powder in the simulated intestinal environment is determined to be unqualified, the proportion of the acrylic resin in the over-worm algae powder is adjusted according to the comparison result of the preset target release index and the ratio of the relative difference of the target release index to the preset relative difference. When the relative difference is less than or equal to the preset relative difference, the acrylic resin proportion is increased to the corresponding value by a first preset proportion adjustment coefficient 1.08. When the relative difference is greater than the preset relative difference, the acrylic resin proportion is increased to the corresponding value by a second preset proportion adjustment coefficient 1.17. The relative difference is the relative difference between the preset target release index and the target release index.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the preset relative difference is in the range of [0.35, 0.45], preferably 0.4, but the above values are not limited thereto, and the skilled person in the art can also adjust the values according to actual needs.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, in order to ensure that the adjusted acrylic resin proportion meets the actual demand, the increased acrylic resin proportion is the product of the acrylic resin proportion and the preset proportion adjustment coefficient, the preset proportion adjustment coefficient includes the first preset proportion adjustment coefficient with a value of 1.08 and the second preset proportion adjustment coefficient with a value of 1.17, the first preset proportion adjustment coefficient and the second preset proportion adjustment coefficient are both data obtained in the experiment, and in order to ensure that the adjusted acrylic resin proportion meets the actual demand, the adjustment range should not be too large, so the adjustment coefficient is set to control the adjustment range.

[0059] Specifically, the present application determines the release effect by targeting the release index, and if it is unqualified, the proportion of acrylic resin is adjusted. Increasing the proportion of acrylic resin can avoid the premature disintegration of the coating layer, leading to the early release of the active ingredients in the rumen, but too high proportion of acrylic resin may lead to the coating layer being too stable, even if it enters the intestine, it cannot be dissolved in time, causing delayed or incomplete release, therefore, the proportion of acrylic resin is appropriately increased, improving the scientificity and comprehensiveness of the evaluation of the rumen bypass algal powder intestinal release effect, realizing the accurate description of the release process, avoiding the one-sidedness of single index evaluation, and ensuring the reliability of the function of the rumen bypass algal powder. As the core enteric coating material, the proportion of acrylic resin affects the dissolution performance of the coating layer in the intestinal environment, which not only avoids the imbalance of the performance of the coating layer caused by blind adjustment, but also can optimize the intestinal dissolution efficiency, ensuring that the target active ingredients of the rumen bypass algal powder can be accurately released in the small intestinal absorption window period, providing stable nutrient supply for ruminants, avoiding the waste of nutrients caused by poor release effect, and thus accurately controlling the effectiveness of the rumen bypass algal powder.

[0060] Example 1: Coating process parameters: inlet temperature 65℃, atomization pressure 1.0MPa, coating time 3h, acrylic resin proportion 20%.

[0061] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.72; the rumen bypass retention rate is 0.86; and the targeted release index is 0.91.

[0062] Example 2: Coating process parameters: inlet temperature 60℃, atomization pressure 1.0MPa, coating time 3h, acrylic resin proportion 20%.

[0063] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.58; the rumen bypass retention rate is 0.82; and the targeted release index is 0.86.

[0064] Example 3: Coating process parameters: inlet temperature 65℃, atomization pressure 1.2MPa, coating time 3h, acrylic resin proportion 20%.

[0065] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.56; the rumen bypass retention rate is 0.83; and the targeted release index is 0.88.

[0066] Example 4: Coating process parameters: inlet temperature 65℃, atomization pressure 1.0MPa, coating time 2h, acrylic resin proportion 20%.

[0067] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.69; the rumen bypass retention rate is 0.78; and the targeted release index is 0.88.

[0068] Example 5: Coating process parameters: inlet temperature 65℃, atomization pressure 1.0MPa, coating time 3h, acrylic resin proportion 18%.

[0069] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.7; the post-rumen retention rate is 0.85; and the targeted release index is 0.82.

[0070] Comparative Example 1 Process parameters: no coating treatment of raw algal powder, the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0071] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.35; the post-rumen retention rate is 0.25; and the targeted release index is 0.15.

[0072] Comparative Example 2 Except that the inlet air temperature is 69℃, the rest is the same as Example 2.

[0073] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.35; the post-rumen retention rate is 0.25; and the targeted release index is 0.15.

[0074] Comparative Example 3 Except that the atomization pressure is 1.14MPa, the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0075] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.73; the post-rumen retention rate is 0.85; and the targeted release index is 0.87.

[0076] Comparative Example 4 Except that the coating time is 2.2h, the rest is the same as Example 4.

[0077] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.72; the post-rumen retention rate is 0.86; and the targeted release index is 0.89.

[0078] Comparative Example 5 Except that the acrylic resin ratio is 19.5%, the rest is the same as Example 5.

[0079] In this embodiment, the rumen environment characterization parameter is 0.71; the post-rumen retention rate is 0.83; and the targeted release index is 0.9.

[0080] Table 1 Test Results

[0081] From the data in the table, the rumen environment characterization parameters, the rumen retention rate and the targeting release index of examples 1-5 are all much higher than the corresponding values of comparative example 1, which indicates that the coating layer can effectively resist rumen microbial degradation, protect the effective components in the algal powder, and achieve targeted release in the intestinal tract. The uncoated treatment group of comparative example 1 has very low performance, which verifies the core role of the coating layer in physical barrier and chemical stability. The rumen environment characterization parameters of example 1 are higher than those of example 2, indicating that appropriately increasing the temperature can enhance the density of the coating layer and improve the stability to the rumen environment. The parameters of comparative example 2 are close to those of example 1, indicating that the adjustment of the temperature within a certain range has no significant effect on the performance, but low temperature can reduce the forming quality of the coating layer. The rumen environment characterization parameters of example 1 are higher than those of example 3, indicating that higher atomization pressure helps the coating liquid to uniformly cover, reducing the contact between the algal powder and the rumen liquid. The rumen retention rate of example 1 is significantly higher than that of example 4, indicating that extending the coating time can form a more complete protective layer and improve the retention capacity of the effective components. The targeting release index of example 1 is higher than that of example 5, indicating that a higher proportion of resin can enhance the controlled release ability of the coating layer in the intestinal environment.

[0082] So far, the technical solutions of the present application have been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but those skilled in the art can easily understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or replacements to the related technical features without departing from the principles of the present application, and the technical solutions after these changes or replacements will all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating and controlling the quality of a rumen bypass algal powder for ruminants, characterized by, The application relates to a method for determining the stability of over-rumen algae powder in a simulated rumen environment. The method comprises the following steps: placing the over-rumen algae powder in a simulated rumen environment for fermentation to obtain over-rumen algae powder residue data after fermentation; determining a rumen environment characterization parameter based on the over-rumen algae powder residue data to determine whether the stability of the over-rumen algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is qualified, and adjusting the inlet air temperature or the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine according to the difference between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter; placing the over-rumen algae powder residue after fermentation in the simulated rumen environment in a simulated true stomach environment for treatment to obtain target effective component data of the over-rumen algae powder residue after treatment in the simulated true stomach environment; determining the over-rumen retention rate based on the target effective component data to determine whether the over-rumen protection effectiveness of the over-rumen algae powder is up to standard, and adjusting the coating time of the fluidized bed coating machine according to the ratio of the over-rumen retention rate to the preset over-rumen retention rate; releasing the over-rumen algae powder residue treated in the simulated rumen environment in a simulated intestinal environment to obtain cumulative release amount data during the release process of the over-rumen algae powder residue; determining a target release index based on the cumulative release amount data to determine whether the release effect of the over-rumen algae powder in the simulated intestinal environment is qualified, and adjusting the proportion of acrylic resin in the over-rumen algae powder according to the relative difference between the preset target release index and the target release index.

2. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algal meal for ruminants according to claim 1, characterized by, The unqualified stability of the over-rumen algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is determined based on the comparison result that the rumen environment characterization parameter is less than or equal to the preset rumen environment characterization parameter. The rumen environment characterization parameter is determined according to the dry matter retention rate and the fermentation inhibition coefficient.

3. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algal meal for ruminants according to claim 2, characterized by, The process of adjusting the inlet air temperature of the fluidized bed coating machine comprises the following steps: calculating the difference between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter under the condition that the stability of the over-rumen algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is unqualified; determining to increase the inlet air temperature based on the comparison result that the difference is less than or equal to the preset difference; wherein the increased inlet air temperature is determined according to the inlet air temperature and the preset inlet air temperature adjustment coefficient.

4. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algal meal for ruminants according to claim 3, characterized by, The process of adjusting the atomization pressure of the fluidized bed coating machine comprises the following steps: calculating the difference between the preset rumen environment characterization parameter and the rumen environment characterization parameter under the condition that the stability of the over-rumen algae powder in the simulated rumen environment is unqualified; determining to reduce the atomization pressure based on the comparison result that the difference is greater than the preset difference; wherein the reduced atomization pressure is determined according to the atomization pressure and the preset atomization pressure adjustment coefficient.

5. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algae powder for use in ruminants according to claim 4, characterized by, The over-rumen protection effectiveness of the over-rumen algae powder is determined to be substandard based on the comparison result that the over-rumen retention rate is less than or equal to the preset over-rumen retention rate.

6. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algal meal for ruminants according to claim 5, characterized by, The process of obtaining the over-rumen retention rate comprises the following steps: determining the mass concentration of the target effective component in the over-rumen algae powder residue by using high performance liquid chromatography; taking the product of the mass concentration and the volume of the over-rumen algae powder residue as the total mass of the residue effective component; weighing an original algae powder that has not been treated in the rumen and has the same mass as the over-rumen algae powder before fermentation; determining the total mass of the original effective component in the original algae powder by using high performance liquid chromatography; the over-rumen retention rate is the ratio of the total mass of the residue effective component to the total mass of the original effective component.

7. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algae powder for use in ruminants according to claim 6, characterized by, The process of adjusting the coating time of the fluidized bed coater comprises: The ratio of the over-rumen retention rate of the over-rumen algae powder under the condition that the over-rumen protection effectiveness does not meet the standard to the preset over-rumen retention rate is calculated; Based on the comparison result that the ratio is less than or equal to the preset ratio, it is determined to increase the coating time by the first preset coating time adjustment coefficient; Based on the comparison result that the ratio is greater than the preset ratio, it is determined to increase the coating time by the second preset coating time adjustment coefficient.

8. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algae powder for use in ruminants according to claim 7, characterized by, The release effect of the over-rumen algae powder in the simulated intestinal environment is unqualified, and the comparison result that the target release index is less than or equal to the preset target release index is determined.

9. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algae powder for use in ruminants according to claim 8, characterized by, The process of obtaining the target release index comprises: During the simulation of the intestinal digestion process, samples are taken at different time points, and the cumulative release amount of the target effective component at each time point is determined; A release curve is drawn with time as the horizontal coordinate and the cumulative release percentage as the vertical coordinate; The actual release integral of the actual release curve and the experimental release integral of the experimental release curve are calculated respectively; The target release index is the ratio of the actual release integral to the experimental release integral.

10. The method for evaluating and controlling the quality of the over-the- rumen algae powder for use in ruminants according to claim 9, characterized by, The process of adjusting the proportion of acrylic resin in the over-rumen algae powder comprises: The relative difference between the preset target release index and the target release index of the over-rumen algae powder under the condition that the release effect in the simulated intestinal environment is unqualified is calculated; Based on the comparison result that the relative difference is less than or equal to the preset relative difference, it is determined to increase the proportion of acrylic resin by the first preset proportion adjustment coefficient; Based on the comparison result that the relative difference is greater than the preset relative difference, it is determined to increase the proportion of acrylic resin by the second preset proportion adjustment coefficient.

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