Friction coefficient measuring device for air cushion icebreaking platform

Abstract

The invention discloses an air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device, which comprises a test box, an air cushion module, a displacement mechanism and a measuring module, and is characterized in that the test box is provided with a test area capable of simulating an ice surface environment; the air cushion module is arranged in the test area and comprises a mounting main body and a plurality of air cushion layers, each air cushion layer is detachably connected with the mounting main body and / or the adjacent air cushion layer, the air cushion layers can be independently replaced or stacked and combined, and the outer surfaces of the air cushion layers form friction contact surfaces used for being in contact with the ice surface; the displacement mechanism is connected with the test box and the mounting body and used for driving the mounting body to move in the test area; the measuring module is connected with the mounting main body and / or the air cushion layer and is used for measuring the friction force between the friction contact surface and the ice surface of the test area; according to the invention, the friction coefficients of air cushion icebreaking platforms made of different materials or structures under different conditions can be comprehensively and accurately measured, and powerful data support is provided for design and performance optimization of a hovercraft.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of air cushion icebreaking platform test devices, and particularly relates to an air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In polar or cold water areas, ice is easily accumulated on the surface of a ship, which not only increases the weight of the ship, but also significantly increases the frictional resistance between the ship body and the ice surface, thereby affecting the navigation performance and fuel efficiency of the ship. In order to solve this problem, air cushion ship technology is introduced, which effectively reduces the frictional resistance by forming an air cushion between the ship body and the ice surface, thereby improving the driving ability of the ship on the ice surface. However, the performance of the air cushion ship in actual application is affected by many factors, including the elasticity of the air cushion material, the efficiency of the air supply system, and the unevenness of the ice surface, etc.

[0003] A model ice dynamic friction coefficient measuring device and its use method are provided in Chinese Patent No. CN110346278A, which includes a working platform, a longitudinal motion mechanism installed along the length direction thereof, and a ship model fixed on the working platform in front of the longitudinal motion mechanism; a vertical adjustment mechanism is fixed on the slider one in the longitudinal motion mechanism, and a sensor is fixed on the bottom of the vertical adjustment mechanism through a base two; it also includes a pull ice box placed on the ship model and fixed with the sensor, a model ice is fixed in the pull ice box, and the bottom of the model ice is attached to the ship model; under the driving of the motor, the model ice moves longitudinally along the ship model together with the pull ice box, the pull ice box rolls relative to the ship model through the rollers, and the dynamic friction force of the model ice relative to the ship model is obtained through the sensor, and the ratio of the dynamic friction force to the normal pressure is the dynamic friction coefficient.

[0004] However, in the simulation test of the air cushion ship, the existing device cannot flexibly replace the air cushion layer of different materials or structures, and it is difficult to compare the friction performance of different air cushion designs, which limits the efficiency of optimization research. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide an air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device to solve the technical problem that the existing device cannot flexibly replace the air cushion layer of different materials or structures, and it is difficult to compare the friction performance of different air cushion designs, which limits the efficiency of optimization research.

[0006] To achieve the above technical purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: The application provides a kind of air cushion ice breaking platform friction coefficient measuring device, comprising: test box, air cushion module, displacement mechanism and measuring module, test box is equipped with the test area that can simulate ice surface environment;Air cushion module is arranged in the test area, it includes installation main part and several air cushion layers, each air cushion layer is detachably connected with the installation main part and / or adjacent air cushion layer, the air cushion layer can be independently replaced or stacked combination, its outer surface forms the friction contact surface for contacting with ice surface;Displacement mechanism is connected with the test box and installation main part, for driving the installation main part moves in the test area;Measuring module is connected with the installation main part and / or air cushion layer, for measuring the friction between the friction contact surface and the ice surface of test area.

[0007] In some embodiments, the air cushion module further comprises a sealing element, and the two adjacent air cushion layers and one of the air cushion layers and the installation main part are connected by the sealing element.

[0008] In some embodiments, the sealing element is a waterproof zipper.

[0009] In some embodiments, the air cushion layer is formed with a gas cavity on the side close to the installation main part, and a gas injection port is arranged on the air cushion layer and communicates with the gas cavity, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the gas cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the air cushion ice breaking platform friction coefficient measuring device further comprises a gas injection mechanism, the gas injection mechanism is connected with the installation main part, and has a gas injection end facing the outside of the air cushion layer, and the gas injection end is used for injecting gas flow to the outside of the air cushion layer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the gas injection mechanism comprises an adjustable nozzle, a connecting pipeline, an angle adjusting element and a height adjusting element, the adjustable nozzle is rotatably installed on the installation main part, one end of the adjustable nozzle is connected with a gas source through the connecting pipeline, the other end of the adjustable nozzle forms the gas injection end, the angle adjusting element is connected with the adjustable nozzle, and is used for driving the adjustable nozzle to rotate relative to the installation main part to adjust the gas injection angle of the adjustable nozzle, and the height adjusting element is connected with the angle adjusting element and the installation main part, and is used for driving the adjustable nozzle to move relative to the installation main part to adjust the distance between the adjustable nozzle and the installation main part.

[0012] In some embodiments, the connecting pipeline comprises a first fixed pipe, a second fixed pipe and a flexible pipe, the first fixed pipe is connected with the installation main part, the second fixed pipe is installed on the driving end of the angle adjusting element and is connected with the adjustable nozzle, and the flexible pipe is connected between the first fixed pipe and the second fixed pipe.

[0013] In some embodiments, the displacement mechanism is a three-axis displacement platform.

[0014] In some embodiments, the measuring module is installed between the mounting body and the displacement mechanism for collecting friction data when the air cushion layer moves.

[0015] In some embodiments, the measuring module comprises a first force sensor, a second force sensor and a mounting seat, the first force sensor is installed at the driving end of the displacement mechanism, the detection end of the first force sensor is connected with the second force sensor through the mounting seat, and the detection end of the second force sensor is connected with the mounting body; wherein the two surfaces of the mounting seat connecting the first force sensor and the second force sensor are perpendicular.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the present application can simulate the real ice surface conditions in the polar region or cold water area in the test area in the test box, so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The detachable and replaceable air cushion layer design of the air cushion module enables researchers to conveniently replace air cushion layers of different materials or structures, and to measure the friction coefficient under various conditions, thereby greatly improving the efficiency and flexibility of optimization research. The displacement mechanism can drive the air cushion module to move accurately in the test area, so as to realize dynamic measurement of the friction coefficient of the air cushion icebreaking platform, and cooperate with the measuring module to collect friction data in real time when the air cushion module moves, so as to accurately process and analyze the data and obtain accurate friction coefficient values. The device can comprehensively and accurately measure the friction coefficient of the air cushion icebreaking platform of different materials or structures under different conditions, thereby providing strong data support for the design and performance optimization of the air cushion ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a front view cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a whole top view structural schematic diagram of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the displacement mechanism of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6is a structural schematic view of a displacement mechanism and a measurement module of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of the measurement module of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the air injection mechanism of the air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Legend: 1, test box; 11, ice layer; 12, test water; 2, air cushion module; 21, mounting body; 22, air cushion layer; 221, air cavity; 222, air injection port; 23, sealing element; 24, pressure sensor; 25, fixing frame; 3, displacement mechanism; 31, transverse adjusting element; 311, transverse mounting guide rail; 312, first screw rod; 313, first mounting frame; 314, first motor; 32, longitudinal adjusting element; 321, longitudinal mounting frame; 322, second screw rod; 323, threaded cylinder; 324, second motor; 325, guide rod; 326, rod sleeve; 33, lifting adjusting element; 331, air cylinder; 332, second mounting frame; 4, measurement module; 41, first force sensor; 42, second force sensor; 43, mounting seat; 44, connecting frame; 5, air injection mechanism; 51, adjustable nozzle; 52, connecting pipeline; 521, first fixed pipe; 522, second fixed pipe; 523, flexible pipe; 53, angle adjusting element; 531, electric rotating shaft; 54, height adjusting element; 541, third screw rod; 542, threaded sleeve; 543, third motor; 544, sliding sleeve; 545, sliding rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0020] In order to solve the technical problem that the existing device cannot flexibly replace air cushion layers of different materials or structures, it is difficult to compare the friction performance of different air cushion designs, and the efficiency of optimization research is limited, the present application provides an air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device, which can comprehensively and accurately measure the friction coefficient of air cushion icebreaking platforms of different materials or structures under different conditions, and provides strong data support for the design and performance optimization of air cushion ships.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3The friction coefficient measuring device of the air cushion icebreaking platform comprises a test box 1, an air cushion module 2, a displacement mechanism 3 and a measuring module 4. The test box 1 is internally provided with a test area capable of simulating an ice surface environment. The air cushion module 2 is arranged in the test area and comprises a mounting body 21 and a plurality of air cushion layers 22. Each air cushion layer 22 is detachably connected with the mounting body 21 and / or an adjacent air cushion layer 22. The air cushion layer 22 can be independently replaced or stacked and combined. An outer surface of the air cushion layer 22 forms a friction contact surface for contacting the ice surface. The displacement mechanism 3 is connected with the test box 1 and the mounting body 21 and is used for driving the mounting body 21 to move in the test area. The measuring module 4 is connected with the mounting body 21 and / or the air cushion layer 22 and is used for measuring the friction between the friction contact surface and the ice surface of the test area.

[0022] In the device, the test box 1 is internally provided with a test area capable of simulating an ice surface environment. The test area can simulate the real ice surface conditions in the polar region or cold water area. The air cushion module 2 is arranged in the test area. Under the driving of the displacement mechanism 3, the mounting body 21 can move in the test area to simulate the movement process of an object on the ice surface. The outer surface of the air cushion layer 22 forms a friction contact surface. The friction contact surface generates friction with the ice surface. The measuring module 4 is used for measuring the size of the friction, thereby realizing the friction performance test of the air cushion ship when breaking ice.

[0023] It can be understood that, in the present scheme, the test area of the test box 1 is provided with test water 12 and an ice layer 11. By adjusting the temperature of the water and the thickness of the ice layer 11, conditions under different ice surface environments can be simulated. The front end of the air cushion module 2 can also be provided with an icebreaking mechanism, which can break the ice surface to further simulate the real situation of the air cushion ship when breaking ice. In order to more accurately simulate the friction performance of the air cushion module 2 under various ice surface environments, in some possible embodiments, an environment control system is also provided in the test box 1. The environment control system comprises a temperature adjusting device, a humidity adjusting device and a gas pressure adjusting device. The temperature adjusting device is used for adjusting the temperature in the test box 1 to simulate the ice surface temperature under different climate conditions. The humidity adjusting device is used for adjusting the humidity in the test box 1 to simulate the humidity change of the ice surface environment. The gas pressure adjusting device is used for adjusting the gas pressure in the test box 1 to simulate the gas pressure conditions under different altitudes or special environments, so as to simulate the ice surface state under different climate conditions.

[0024] Preferably, please refer to Figures 1 to 3In the present embodiment, the air cushion module 2 further comprises a seal 23, and the plurality of air cushion layers 22 can be independently connected with the installation body 21 and sequentially installed. The installation body is installed on the displacement mechanism 3, and serves as a support structure of the air cushion module 2 to ensure that the air cushion layers 22 are stably maintained at a predetermined position during the test. The installation body 21 can adopt a square structure or a structure similar to an air cushion ship so as to better simulate the actual working state of the air cushion ship. The seal 23 is used to connect the adjacent two air cushion layers 22 and one air cushion layer 22 and the installation body 21, so as to ensure the tight connection between the air cushion layers 22 and the installation body 21 and between the air cushion layers 22, prevent gas leakage through the seal 23, and ensure that the air cushion layers 22 can be disassembled and replaced.

[0025] In some possible embodiments, the seal 23 is a waterproof zipper, and the air cushion layers 22 can be sequentially connected together through the waterproof zipper, so as to ensure the sealing and waterproof performance during the test. Each air cushion layer 22 is made of different materials, such as rubber, silica gel, polyurethane, etc., so as to simulate the influence of the ice layer 11 on the friction coefficient of the air cushion of different materials, and research the friction characteristics of different materials on the ice surface. It should be noted that the air cushion layer 22 can adopt a semi-enclosed or fully-enclosed structure. In the semi-enclosed design, the air cushion layer 22 is outside the installation body 21 and covers one or more surfaces or a part thereof. The edge of the air cushion layer 22 is provided with a waterproof zipper, so as to facilitate the connection between the air cushion layer 22 and the installation body 21. In addition, the outer surface of the air cushion layer 22 is provided with a waterproof zipper, so as to be connected with other air cushion layers 22. In the fully-enclosed design, the air cushion layer 22 can be directly sleeved around the installation body 21, and the top end and the bottom end of the air cushion layer 22 are provided with waterproof zippers, so as to be connected with the installation body 21. The outer surface of the air cushion layer 22 is also provided with a waterproof zipper, so as to be connected with the adjacent air cushion layer 22 or the installation body 21.

[0026] Of course, in other possible embodiments, the waterproof zipper is an airtight zipper, and the connection between the air cushion layers 22 and between the air cushion layers 22 and the mounting body 21 can still be kept tight in high or low pressure environments. The seal 23 can also adopt other structures that can achieve sealing and facilitate replacement. The design in which multiple air cushion layers 22 are connected together in sequence through waterproof zippers or other types of seals 23 not only facilitates the replacement of the air cushion layers 22 and the comparison test under different conditions, but also allows the tester to flexibly select air cushion layers 22 of different materials according to specific needs to simulate and test the driving performance of the air cushion boat on different ice conditions, thereby providing more comprehensive data support for the design and optimization of the air cushion boat. By adopting the design in which multiple air cushion layers 22 are connected to each other, a convenient replacement mechanism can be achieved. During the test, if it is necessary to replace the air cushion layer 22, the staff only needs to perform a simple installation or removal operation, for example, the air cushion layers 22 that need to be tested can be installed on the mounting body 21, and then the air cushion module is installed in the test box, and when the air cushion needs to be replaced, the air cushion layers 22 are sequentially removed. During the formal test, there is no need to perform complex disassembly and reassembly in the limited space of the test box, thereby improving the efficiency of the entire test process.

[0027] To further enhance the flexibility and operability of the test, the side of the air cushion layer 22 close to the mounting body 21 forms an air cavity 221 with the adjacent air cushion layer 22 or the mounting body 21, and each air cushion layer 22 is equipped with a gas injection port 222 communicating with the air cavity 221, and a gas injection mechanism 5 such as a gas pump can be used to inflate the air cushion layer 22 through the gas injection port 222. In addition, a pressure sensor 24 is installed in each layer, which can monitor and feedback the gas pressure in the air cushion layer 22 in real time. In order to ensure the stability of the pressure, a pressure feedback mechanism is also provided, and during the test, the gas injection mechanism 5 is always connected with the gas injection port 222 of the corresponding air cushion layer 22, and according to the feedback of the pressure sensor 24, the gas supply is dynamically adjusted by the control system, so as to maintain the stability of the internal pressure of the air cushion layer 22. This design not only improves the accuracy of the test, but also ensures that the air cushion layer 22 can truly reflect its state in actual application. After each air cushion layer 22 is set, the pressure in the air cushion layer 22 remains consistent, so as to ensure that the elasticity and other properties of the air cushion layer 22 remain consistent when measuring the friction coefficient between the air cushion body and the ice surface, thereby eliminating the measurement error caused by uneven pressure of the air cushion layer 22 and facilitating the comparison test.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figures 4 to 6, preferably, in the embodiment, the displacement mechanism 3 is a three-axis displacement platform. It comprises a lateral adjusting member 31, a longitudinal adjusting member 32 and a lifting adjusting member 33. The longitudinal adjusting member 32 is installed at the box opening of the test box 1, and its driving end is connected with the lateral adjusting member 31, so as to drive the lateral adjusting member 31 to move horizontally in the width direction of the test box 1. The driving end of the lateral adjusting member 31 is connected with the lifting adjusting member 33, so as to drive the lifting adjusting member 33 to move horizontally in the length direction of the test box 1. The driving end of the lifting adjusting member 33 is connected with the mounting body 21, so as to drive the mounting body 21 to move vertically. The three-axis displacement platform enables the air cushion module 2 to move freely in three-dimensional space, simulating various driving states of the air cushion vehicle on the ice surface.

[0029] In one embodiment, the lateral adjusting member 31 comprises a lateral mounting guide rail 311, a first screw rod 312, a first mounting frame 313 and a first motor 314. The longitudinal adjusting member 32 comprises a longitudinal mounting frame 321, a second screw rod 322, a threaded cylinder 323, a second motor 324, a guide rod 325 and a rod sleeve 326. The lifting adjusting member 33 comprises a cylinder 331 and a second mounting frame 332. Specifically, the lateral mounting guide rail 311 spans the box opening of the test box 1 and is installed on the test box 1. The lateral mounting guide rail 311 has an installation groove inside. The first screw rod 312 is rotatably installed in the installation groove. The first motor 314 is installed on the lateral mounting guide rail 311, and its driving end is connected with one end of the first screw rod 312. The first mounting frame 313 is threadedly connected with the first screw rod 312 and is in sliding connection with the installation groove. The guide rod 325 and the second screw rod 322 are respectively installed on both sides of the box opening of the test box 1 through the longitudinal mounting frame 321. The second motor 324 is installed on the longitudinal mounting frame 321 and is connected with one end of the second screw rod 322, so as to drive the second screw rod 322 to rotate. The threaded cylinder 323 is threadedly connected with the second screw rod 322. The rod sleeve 326 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 325. The first mounting frame 313 is connected with the threaded cylinder 323 and the rod sleeve 326. The cylinder body of the cylinder 331 is installed on the second mounting frame 332, and its piston rod is connected with the mounting body 21.

[0030] When working, the first motor 314 drives the first screw rod 312 to rotate, drives the first mounting frame 313 to slide on the mounting groove, and drives the horizontal adjustment member 31 to move horizontally in the length direction of the test box 1; the second motor 324 drives the second screw rod 322 to rotate, drives the threaded cylinder 323 to move along the second screw rod 322, and drives the rod sleeve 326 to slide on the guide rod 325, and then drives the horizontal adjustment member 31 to move horizontally in the width direction of the test box 1; the air cylinder 331 drives the mounting main body 21 to move up and down in the vertical direction through the extension and retraction of the piston rod. Through the coordinated operation of the three-axis displacement platform, the moving track and speed of the air cushion module 2 in the three-dimensional space can be accurately controlled, so that the complex driving state of the air cushion ship under different ice surface conditions can be simulated, and more accurate test data for the design and performance evaluation of the air cushion ship can be provided.

[0031] In other possible embodiments, the specific structural form of the horizontal adjustment member 31, the longitudinal adjustment member 32 and the lifting adjustment member 33 is not limited to this, and other types of linear modules, electric sliding tables or air cylinders and the like driving devices can also be used, as long as the free movement of the air cushion module 2 in the three-dimensional space can be realized. Of course, the displacement mechanism 3 can also adopt other forms, for example, be designed as a robot arm structure which has multiple degrees of freedom and can simulate more complex moving tracks and postures. One end of the robot arm is connected to the test box 1, and the other end is connected to the mounting main body 21, and through controlling the joint angle and moving speed of the robot arm, the moving path and posture of the air cushion module 2 in the three-dimensional space can be accurately controlled.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , preferably, in the embodiment, the measuring module 4 is installed between the mounting main body 21 and the displacement mechanism 3, and is used for collecting the friction data when the air cushion layer 22 moves. Specifically, the measuring module 4 comprises a first force sensor 41, a second force sensor 42 and a mounting seat 43, the first force sensor 41 is installed on one side of the bottom end of the second mounting frame 332, the detection end of the first force sensor 41 is connected with the second force sensor 42 through the mounting seat 43, and the detection end of the second force sensor 42 is connected with the mounting main body 21 through a connecting frame 44; wherein the two surfaces of the mounting seat 43 connecting the first force sensor 41 and the second force sensor 42 are perpendicular. During the movement of the mounting main body 21, the first force sensor 41 and the second force sensor 42 can measure the force in the vertical direction and the tension in the horizontal direction of the air cushion module 2 respectively, and through the real-time recording and processing of the data acquisition system, the friction coefficient of the air cushion module 2 under different air cushion layers 22 can be obtained.

[0033] In other embodiments, the measurement module 4 can also be a three-dimensional force sensor, which can detect the force of the air cushion module 2 in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions at the same time. The measurement module 4 can also be a contact sensor, etc., which is directly connected to the air cushion layer 22 to measure the contact force between the air cushion layer 22 and the ice surface, and then calculate the friction coefficient.

[0034] It should be noted that the principle of calculating the friction coefficient is based on Coulomb's friction law. By measuring the force of the object in the X-axis and Y-axis (usually horizontal tension and vertical normal pressure), combined with the balance condition or motion state analysis, the friction coefficient (friction coefficient μ = friction force F t / normal pressure N).

[0035] During navigation, the bottom of the air cushion ship is provided with a lift fan system or an air cushion generating system, which mainly functions to form an air cushion between the ship body and the ground (or water surface) by continuously injecting high-pressure air, thereby achieving suspension and drag reduction. In order to more accurately simulate the driving state of the air cushion ship on the ice surface, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 8 , in this embodiment, the working effect of simulating the lift fan system or the air cushion generating system is also considered. The device further comprises a jet mechanism 5 connected to the air cushion module 2 and having a jet end facing the outside of the air cushion module 2, which is used to inject air flow to the outside of the air cushion module 2. By supplying air to the outside of the air cushion module 2 through the jet mechanism 5, an air cushion is formed between the air cushion module 2 and the ice surface to reduce the frictional resistance between the air cushion module 2 and the ice surface, thereby simulating the driving state of the air cushion ship on the ice surface.

[0036] When the mounting body is provided with different numbers of air cushion layers 22, the air cushion module 2 will have uneven thickness due to the need for inflation between the mounting body and the air cushion layer 22, and between each air cushion layer 22, which will cause the thickness to be inconsistent when different materials are tested. Inconsistency in thickness can cause misalignment between the air cushion module 2 and the air outlet, which will interfere with the uniform distribution of air flow, and thus affect the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Therefore, in one embodiment, the air injection end of the air injection mechanism 5 is adjustable. Specifically, the air injection mechanism 5 includes an adjustable nozzle 51, a connecting pipe 52, an angle adjusting member 53, and a height adjusting member 54, and the bottom of the air cushion module 2 is fixedly provided with a hollow fixing frame 25, the adjustable nozzle 51 is rotatably installed on the fixing frame 25, one end of the adjustable nozzle 51 is connected to the air source through the connecting pipe 52, the other end forms an air injection end, the air injection end is inclined upward along the air flow injection direction and faces the friction contact surface of the air cushion layer 22, the height adjusting member 54 is installed on the fixing frame 25, the angle adjusting member 53 is installed on the height adjusting member 54, and the angle adjusting member 53 is connected to the adjustable nozzle 51 for driving the adjustable nozzle 51 to rotate relative to the air cushion module 2 to adjust the air injection angle of the adjustable nozzle 51, and the height adjusting member 54 is used to drive the adjustable nozzle 51 to move relative to the air cushion module 2 to adjust the distance between the adjustable nozzle 51 and the air cushion module 2. The air injection mechanism 5 has the functions of adjusting the angle and height of the adjustable nozzle 51, and can flexibly adapt to the specific air supply requirements of the air cushion layer 22 at different positions. During the experimental operation, the height and angle of the adjustable nozzle 51 can be adjusted according to the specific settings of the different air cushion layers 22, effectively avoiding the test result deviation that may be caused by position misalignment.

[0037] In one of the embodiments, the connecting pipe 52 comprises a first fixed pipe 521, a second fixed pipe 522 and a flexible pipe 523, the angle adjusting member 53 comprises an electric rotating shaft 531, and the height adjusting member 54 comprises a third screw rod 541, a threaded sleeve 542, a third motor 543, a sliding sleeve 544 and a sliding rod 545. Specifically, the first fixed pipe 521 is connected with the air cushion module 2, the second fixed pipe 522 is installed at the driving end of the angle adjusting member 53 and connected with the adjustable nozzle 51, and the flexible pipe 523 is connected between the first fixed pipe 521 and the second fixed pipe 522, which is a bellows or a rubber hose. The third screw rod 541 and the sliding rod 545 are installed side by side on the fixed frame 25, the third motor 543 is installed on the fixed frame 25, the driving shaft of which is connected with one end of the third screw rod 541, the threaded sleeve 542 is sleeved on the third screw rod 541 and threadedly connected with the third screw rod 541, the sliding sleeve 544 is arranged on the sliding rod 545, the electric rotating shaft 531 is installed in the sliding sleeve 544, and the second fixed pipe 522 is rotatably installed between the driving shaft of the electric rotating shaft 531 and the threaded sleeve 542. The electric rotating shaft 531 is used to drive the second fixed pipe 522 to rotate the adjustable nozzle 51 relative to the air cushion module 2, so as to adjust the jet angle. When the third motor 543 drives the third screw rod 541 to rotate, the threaded sleeve 542 moves along the third screw rod 541, thereby driving the sliding sleeve 544 and the electric rotating shaft 531 to move on the sliding rod 545, so as to adjust the height of the adjustable nozzle 51. The jet mechanism 5 can flexibly adapt to the jet requirements of different positions and different angles, and ensure that the air flow can be uniformly distributed to the outer surface of the air cushion layer 22, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0038] Of course, in other possible embodiments, the angle adjusting member 53 and the height adjusting member 54 are not limited to this, the angle adjusting member 53 can also adopt a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or the like driving device to realize the angle adjustment of the adjustable nozzle 51 through a mechanical transmission structure; and the height adjusting member 54 can also adopt an electric sliding rail, a manual screw rod or the like structure to meet the requirements under different test conditions by adjusting the height of the adjustable nozzle 51.

[0039] In order to better understand the present application, the following will be described in combination with Figures 1 to 8 The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail: when working, the air cushion module 2 is first installed in the experimental water tank and in contact with the ice layer 11. The jet mechanism 5 starts to work to supply air to the outside of the air cushion module 2, simulating the driving state of the air cushion ship on the ice surface.

[0040] During the measurement process, the position and draft of the air cushion module 2 are adjusted by the displacement mechanism 3 to adapt to different experimental conditions. The first force sensor 41 and the second force sensor 42 measure the friction force generated by the air cushion module 2 during running in real time. The collected data is recorded and processed in real time by the data acquisition system, and finally used to calculate the friction coefficient of the air cushion module 2 under different material air cushion layers 22.

[0041] After detecting the air cushion of one material, the air cushion layer 22 can be replaced with another material air cushion layer 22 and re-inflated to measure the friction coefficient of the air cushion module 2 on the ice surface. In this way, the influence of different materials of the air cushion on the friction coefficient can be systematically studied, and more accurate data support can be provided for the design and optimization of the air cushion ship.

[0042] The present application can simulate the real ice surface conditions in the polar or cold water area by setting the test box 1, the air cushion module 2, the displacement mechanism 3 and the measurement module 4. The test area in the test box 1 can simulate the real ice surface conditions in the polar or cold water area, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. The detachable and replaceable air cushion layer 22 design of the air cushion module 2 allows researchers to easily replace air cushion layers 22 of different materials or structures, perform friction coefficient measurements under various conditions, and greatly improve the efficiency and flexibility of optimization research. The displacement mechanism 3 can drive the air cushion module 2 to move accurately in the test area, thereby realizing dynamic measurement of the friction coefficient of the air cushion ice-breaking platform, and cooperating with the measurement module 4 to collect friction data of the air cushion module 2 in real time when moving, and performing accurate processing and analysis to obtain accurate friction coefficient values. The device can comprehensively and accurately measure the friction coefficient of the air cushion ice-breaking platform of different materials or structures under different conditions, thereby providing strong data support for the design and performance optimization of the air cushion ship.

[0043] By combining multiple air cushion layers 22 of different materials, the present application can simulate the influence of the ice layer 11 on the friction coefficient of the air cushion module 2 of different materials, thereby being closer to the actual application scenario. At the same time, the jet end of the jet mechanism 5 can be adjusted according to the position of the actual measurement surface to ensure the stability and accuracy of the gas supply. In addition, the gas injection port 222 and the pressure sensor 24 on each air cushion layer 22 are designed to allow the gas pressure in the air cushion layer 22 to be easily monitored and adjusted during the experiment, ensuring that the pressures of the layers are consistent, and further improving the reliability of the experimental results.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be a fixed connection, or a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] It should be noted that in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0046] The above specific embodiments of the present application do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Any various other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device, characterized in that, The application relates to a friction coefficient measuring device for an air cushion icebreaking platform, which comprises the following parts: a test box provided with a test area simulating an ice surface environment; an air cushion module arranged in the test area, which comprises a mounting body and a plurality of air cushion layers, each air cushion layer is detachably connected with the mounting body and / or an adjacent air cushion layer, the air cushion layers can be independently replaced or stacked and combined, and the outer surface of the air cushion layers forms a friction contact surface for contacting the ice surface; a displacement mechanism connected with the test box and the mounting body and used for driving the mounting body to move in the test area; and a measuring module connected with the mounting body and / or the air cushion layers and used for measuring the friction between the friction contact surface and the ice surface of the test area. The air cushion module further comprises sealing members, and the two adjacent air cushion layers and one of the air cushion layers and the mounting body are connected through the sealing members. The sealing members are waterproof zippers. The side of the air cushion layer close to the mounting body is provided with an air cavity, and the air cushion layer is provided with an air injection port communicating with the air cavity, and the air cavity is provided with a pressure sensor. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device further comprises a jet mechanism connected with the mounting body and provided with a jet end facing the outside of the air cushion layer, and the jet end is used for jetting air flow to the outside of the air cushion layer. The jet mechanism comprises an adjustable nozzle, a connecting pipeline, an angle adjusting member and a height adjusting member, the adjustable nozzle is rotatably mounted on the mounting body, one end of the adjustable nozzle is connected with a gas source through the connecting pipeline, the other end of the adjustable nozzle forms the jet end, the angle adjusting member is connected with the adjustable nozzle and used for driving the adjustable nozzle to rotate relative to the mounting body so as to adjust the jet angle of the adjustable nozzle, and the height adjusting member is connected with the angle adjusting member and the mounting body and used for driving the adjustable nozzle to move relative to the mounting body so as to adjust the distance between the adjustable nozzle and the mounting body.

2. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting pipeline comprises a first fixed pipe, a second fixed pipe and a flexible pipe, the first fixed pipe is connected with the mounting body, the second fixed pipe is mounted on the driving end of the angle adjusting member and connected with the adjustable nozzle, and the flexible pipe is connected between the first fixed pipe and the second fixed pipe.

3. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The displacement mechanism is a three-axis displacement platform.

4. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring module is arranged between the mounting body and the displacement mechanism and used for collecting friction data when the air cushion layer moves.

5. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein, The measuring module comprises a first force sensor, a second force sensor and a mounting seat, the first force sensor is mounted on the driving end of the displacement mechanism, the detection end of the first force sensor is connected with the second force sensor through the mounting seat, and the detection end of the second force sensor is connected with the mounting body; wherein the two surfaces of the mounting seat connected with the first force sensor and the second force sensor are perpendicular to each other.

6. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that ​ 7. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that ​ 8. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measurement device of claim 1, wherein, ​ 9. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device of claim 1, wherein, ​ 10. The air cushion icebreaking platform friction coefficient measuring device according to claim 9, characterized in that, ​

Images