A crop planting method based on soil carbon pool regulation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of soil improvement technology, and in particular to a crop planting method for regulating soil carbon pool. The method includes measuring the mass of particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-bound organic carbon (MAOC) in the soil before crop planting. Based on the measurement results of step 1), the mass ratio of POC to MAOC is adjusted to meet the condition 0.8 ≤ POC / MAOC ≤ 1. Soil improved by the method can enhance soil fertility, increase crop yield and quality, and promote soil health and sustainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil improvement technology, and in particular to a crop planting method for regulating soil carbon pool. Background Technology

[0002] Soil is the foundation of vegetable growth, and soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important indicator for measuring soil carbon sequestration. The input of carbon-containing organic materials is a direct way to increase soil organic carbon in vegetable fields. On the one hand, carbon-containing materials directly input a large amount of exogenous carbon into the soil, promoting the accumulation of organic carbon in the soil. On the other hand, carbon-containing materials provide nutrients to the soil, increasing the soil's nutrient supply capacity and improving vegetable biomass, further promoting the entry of more vegetable root exudates into the soil, which is conducive to soil organic carbon generation. SOC is mainly composed of particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-bound organic carbon (MAOC). POC is a more active carbon component, easily decomposed and utilized by microorganisms, and has a direct impact on short-term soil fertility and crop growth; while MAOC is relatively stable, decomposes more slowly, and plays a key role in long-term soil fertility and carbon sequestration.

[0003] In agricultural production, soil improvement and fertility enhancement are crucial for increasing crop yield and quality. Traditional methods primarily rely on inputting a single carbon source. However, indiscriminately inputting a single carbon source without understanding the specific soil conditions can lead to a series of adverse consequences, including soil carbon pool imbalance, soil structure and fertility damage, stunted crop growth, and increased disease. While invention patent CN117652247A uses both activated carbon sources and biochar, it fails to consider the specific content of particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-bound organic carbon (MAOC) in the soil. This input method, lacking precise control, cannot achieve dynamic balance and long-term stability of the soil carbon pool, making it difficult to simultaneously meet short-term crop growth needs and long-term soil carbon sequestration targets.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method that can simultaneously meet the short-term crop growth requirements and long-term soil health, and achieve dynamic balance and long-term stability of the soil carbon pool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a crop planting method based on soil carbon pool regulation to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, this invention provides a crop planting method based on soil carbon pool regulation, the method comprising the following steps:

[0007] 1) Before planting crops, measure the mass of particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-bound organic carbon (MAOC) in the soil;

[0008] 2) Based on the measurement results of step 1), adjust the mass ratio of POC and MAOC to satisfy 0.8≤POC / MAOC≤1;

[0009] 3) Plant crops on the regulated soil.

[0010] As described above, the crop planting method based on soil carbon pool regulation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1) Meet the growth needs of crops: By precisely controlling the ratio of POC and MAOC, the balance of active carbon and inert carbon in the soil can be ensured, which can better meet the nutrient needs of crops at different growth stages, thereby improving crop yield and quality.

[0012] 2) Achieve dynamic balance of the carbon pool: By supplementing appropriate carbon sources, the POC and MAOC in the soil can reach a dynamic balance, avoiding excessive carbon mineralization loss or microbial activity imbalance, and achieving long-term stability and sustainable utilization of the soil carbon pool.

[0013] 3) Optimize resource allocation: Supplement carbon sources in a targeted manner according to the specific conditions of the soil to avoid blind fertilization and waste of resources, and achieve optimal resource allocation.

[0014] 4) Long-term regulation: The growth cycle of Chinese cabbage is 25-60 days, that of spinach is 30-50 days, and that of lettuce is 30-50 days. By regulating the ratio of POC and MAOC in the soil, we not only focus on improving soil fertility in the short term, but also consider the long-term dynamic balance of the soil carbon pool, providing a scientific basis for the long-term health and sustainable use of the soil.

[0015] 5) Reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests: A healthy soil microbial community can inhibit the growth of pathogens, reduce the frequency of disease occurrence, and improve the disease resistance of crops, thereby further ensuring the healthy growth of crops.

[0016] 6) Enhance microbial activity: Activated carbon sources can quickly stimulate the activity of soil microorganisms, promote microbial metabolism, accelerate nutrient cycling and release, and provide sufficient nutrients for crop growth; inert carbon sources provide stable carbon storage for the soil, improve soil structure, enhance soil water and fertilizer retention capacity and the self-regulation capacity of the soil ecosystem.

[0017] 7) Optimize the carbon pool structure: By supplementing appropriate carbon sources, the POC and MAOC in the soil can reach the optimal ratio, thereby optimizing the soil carbon pool structure and improving the soil's carbon storage capacity and fertility. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This invention provides a crop cultivation method based on soil carbon pool regulation, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] 1) Before planting crops, measure the mass of particulate organic carbon (POC) and mineral-bound organic carbon (MAOC) in the soil;

[0020] 2) Based on the measurement results of step 1), adjust the mass ratio of POC and MAOC to satisfy 0.8≤POC / MAOC≤1;

[0021] 3) Plant crops on the regulated soil.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step 1), the crop is a vegetable. Further, the vegetable is a leafy green vegetable.

[0023] Furthermore, the leafy green vegetables can be selected from bok choy, spinach, lettuce, romaine lettuce, Chinese cabbage, amaranth, or water spinach.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step 1), the method for determining the quality of POC and / or MAOC is a combination of physical-chemical sieving and elemental analysis or a combination of ultrasonic energy method and elemental analysis.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, step 1) further includes determining the mass of SOC in the soil. The quantitative method for SOC is to first remove inorganic carbon from the soil and then perform elemental analysis.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step 2), the method of adjusting the mass ratio of POC and MAOC is to supplement an exogenous carbon source.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step 2), the exogenous carbon source is selected from an active carbon source or a composite carbon source comprising an active carbon source and an inert carbon source.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step 2), the activated carbon source is selected from peat, organic fertilizer or straw.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step 2), the inert carbon source is biochar.

[0030] Furthermore, the biochar is obtained by pyrolysis of biomass. The biomass is selected from straw, rice husks, bamboo, sawdust, or animal manure, etc. The pyrolysis atmosphere is nitrogen.

[0031] The temperature gradient for the pyrolysis is 5–10 °C / min. The temperature gradient can be selected from any of the following ranges: 5–6 °C / min, 6–7 °C / min, 7–8 °C / min, 8–9 °C / min, or 9–10 °C / min.

[0032] The pyrolysis temperature is 300–800℃. The pyrolysis temperature can be selected from any of the following ranges: 300–400℃, 400–500℃, 500–600℃, 600–700℃, or 700–800℃.

[0033] The pyrolysis time is 1 to 3 hours. The pyrolysis time is selected from any of the following ranges: 1 to 1.5 hours, 1.5 to 2 hours, 2 to 2.5 hours, and 2.5 to 3 hours.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of POC / MAOC is adjusted according to soil conditions during crop cultivation.

[0035] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0036] Before further describing specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below; it should also be understood that the terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is for describing specific embodiments and not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention; in the specification and claims of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated in the text, the singular forms "a", "an" and "this" include the plural forms.

[0037] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise stated in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints may be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. In addition to the specific methods, apparatus, and materials used in the embodiments, based on the knowledge of the prior art possessed by one of ordinary skill in the art and the description of this invention, any prior art methods, apparatus, and materials similar to or equivalent to those described, apparatus, and materials in the embodiments of this invention may be used to implement the present invention.

[0038] Example

[0039] The soil used for potted plant testing was sandy loam with a pH of 6.4, available potassium content of 225.0 mg / kg, available phosphorus content of 80.5 mg / kg, soil organic carbon (SOC) content of 23.3 g / kg, and total nitrogen content of 2.8 g / kg.

[0040] The bottom of the experimental pot (22.8 cm in diameter, 18.5 cm in diameter at the bottom, and 21.5 cm in height) was filled with expanded clay pebbles (1 cm deep). The pot was then filled with soil to a depth of 20 cm, and the air-dried soil weighed 4.0 kg. Different exogenous carbon sources were then uniformly mixed into the soil, and each treatment was replicated three times.

[0041] The first batch of vegetables was bok choy, the second batch was spinach, and the third batch was lettuce, all of which were purchased from Shanghai Nongle Planting Co., Ltd.

[0042] The base fertilizer (compound fertilizer, purchased from Tianyuan Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.) and topdressing fertilizer (urea) were used in the same way, with consistent varieties, dosages, and frequency throughout the growth cycle of each vegetable crop. The net concentrations of N, P2O5, and K2O in the fertilizer were 0.5g / pot, 0.4g / pot, and 0.4g / pot, respectively. After each crop of vegetables emerged, seedlings were thinned appropriately based on their growth, with two seedlings of similar growth left per pot for final selection. All potted plants were managed under the same conditions, including watering and weeding.

[0043] Before each crop of vegetables is planted, the quality of POC and MAOC in the soil of each group is tested and the ratio between the two is calculated.

[0044] In this invention, an elemental analyzer (EA) is used to determine the contents of SOC, POC and MAOC.

[0045] After each vegetable crop is planted, the vegetables are harvested and the yield is calculated. The following day, all potted soils with the same exogenous carbon source are thoroughly mixed, and soil samples are collected using the four-point method. After being placed in sterile plastic bags, the samples are brought back to the laboratory to air dry, grind, and the mass of POC and MAOC in each group of soil is tested, and the ratio between the two is calculated. After the testing, no adjustments are made to the mass of POC and MAOC in the soil; the next crop is planted directly. The exogenous carbon sources added to each group are shown in Table 1.

[0046] Table 1. Types and specific carbon sources added to each group

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Results Analysis

[0050] The values ​​measured below are the average values ​​of the three repeated experiments in experimental groups 1-8 and control group 0.

[0051] Before planting each crop of vegetables, the levels of SOC, POC, and MAOC in the soil of each group were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0052] Table 2. Soil concentrations of SOC, POC, and MAOC before planting.

[0053]

[0054] Table 3. Ratio of POC / MAOC in soil before planting

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] After each crop of vegetables was grown, the ratio of POC / MAOC in the soil of each group was measured, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0058] Table 4. Ratio of POC / MAOC in soil of each group after each vegetable crop was completed.

[0059]

[0060] After each crop of vegetables was cultivated, the yield of each group of vegetables was measured, and the results are shown in Table 5:

[0061] Table 5. Vegetable yields in each group after each crop was completed.

[0062]

[0063] Table 5 shows that in the active carbon source treatment groups (groups 1-4), groups 2 and 3, by adjusting the POC / MAOC ratio to an optimal level, exhibited significantly higher vegetable yields than groups 1 and 4, indicating that optimizing the POC / MAOC ratio can more effectively promote vegetable growth under active carbon source conditions. In the compound carbon source treatment groups (groups 5-8), groups 7 and 8, with POC / MAOC ratios between 0.8 and 1.0, had higher vegetable yields than groups 5 and 6. Group 8, with a POC / MAOC ratio of 1.0, had a higher vegetable yield than group 7, further validating the crucial role of the POC / MAOC ratio in compound carbon source treatments. Regardless of whether active or compound carbon sources were used, crops with a pre-planting POC / MAOC ratio between 0.8 and 1 showed better yields than those outside this range, and compound carbon sources were superior to single carbon sources.

[0064] After each crop of vegetables was cultivated, the vitamin C content of each group of vegetables was measured, and the results are shown in Table 6:

[0065] Table 6. Vitamin C content of vegetables in each group after each crop of vegetables has been grown.

[0066]

[0067] Table 6 shows that in the active carbon source treatment groups (groups 1-4), groups 2 and 3, by adjusting the POC / MAOC ratio to an optimal level, exhibited significantly higher vegetable VC content than groups 1 and 4, indicating that optimizing the POC / MAOC ratio under active carbon source conditions can more effectively promote vegetable VC synthesis. In the compound carbon source treatment groups (groups 5-8), groups 7 and 8, with POC / MAOC ratios between 0.8 and 1, had higher vegetable VC content than groups 5 and 6. Group 8, with a POC / MAOC ratio of 1.0, had the highest vegetable VC content. Regardless of whether active or compound carbon sources were used, crops with a pre-planting POC / MAOC ratio between 0.8 and 1 had higher VC content than those outside this range, and compound carbon sources were superior to single carbon sources.

[0068] After each crop of vegetables was cultivated, the soluble sugar content of each group of vegetables was measured, and the results are shown in Table 7:

[0069] Table 7. Soluble sugar content of vegetables in each group after each crop of vegetables has been grown.

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Table 7 shows that in the active carbon source treatment groups (groups 1-4), groups 2 and 3, by adjusting the POC / MAOC ratio to an optimal level, exhibited higher soluble sugar content in vegetables than groups 1 and 4. This indicates that under active carbon source conditions, optimizing the POC / MAOC ratio can more effectively promote the accumulation of soluble sugars in vegetables. In the compound carbon source treatment groups (groups 5-8), groups 7 and 8, with POC / MAOC ratios between 0.8 and 1, had higher soluble sugar content in vegetables than groups 5 and 6. Group 8, with a POC / MAOC ratio of 1.0, had the highest soluble sugar content in vegetables. Regardless of whether active or compound carbon sources were used, crops with a pre-planting POC / MAOC ratio between 0.8 and 1 exhibited better soluble sugar content than those outside this range, and compound carbon sources were superior to single carbon sources.

[0073] After each crop of vegetables was grown, the nitrate content of each group of vegetables was tested, and the results are shown in Table 8:

[0074] Table 8. Nitrate content of vegetables in each group after each crop of vegetables has been grown.

[0075]

[0076] Table 8 shows that in the activated carbon source treatment groups (groups 1-4), the nitrate content in vegetables in groups 2 and 3 was significantly lower than that in groups 1 and 4 after adjusting the POC / MAOC ratio to an optimal level. This indicates that under activated carbon source conditions, optimizing the POC / MAOC ratio can more effectively reduce nitrate accumulation in vegetables. In the compound carbon source treatment groups (groups 5-8), the POC / MAOC ratios in groups 7 and 8 were between 0.8 and 1, and the nitrate content in vegetables was lower than that in groups 5 and 6. Group 8 had a POC / MAOC ratio of 1.0, and its vegetables had the lowest nitrate content. Regardless of whether activated carbon source or compound carbon source was used, vegetables with a pre-planting POC / MAOC ratio between 0.8 and 1 had lower nitrate content than crops outside this range, and compound carbon sources were superior to single carbon sources.

[0077] After each crop of vegetables was cultivated, the cellulose content of each group of vegetables was measured, and the results are shown in Table 9:

[0078] Table 9. Fiber content of vegetables in each group after each crop of vegetable cultivation.

[0079]

[0080] Table 9 shows that in the activated carbon source treatment groups (groups 1-4), the vegetable cellulose content in groups 2 and 3 was significantly lower than that in groups 1 and 4 after adjusting the POC / MAOC ratio to an optimal level. This indicates that optimizing the POC / MAOC ratio can more effectively reduce vegetable cellulose accumulation under activated carbon source conditions. In the compound carbon source treatment groups (groups 5-8), the POC / MAOC ratios in groups 7 and 8 were between 0.8 and 1, and their vegetable nitrate content was lower than that in groups 5 and 6. Group 8 had a POC / MAOC ratio of 1.0, and its vegetable cellulose content was the lowest. Regardless of whether activated carbon source or compound carbon source was used, crops with a POC / MAOC ratio between 0.8 and 1 before planting had lower cellulose content than crops outside this range, and compound carbon sources were superior to single carbon sources.

[0081] Pearson correlation analysis of various indicators during vegetable cultivation showed that soil SOC exhibited a good linear relationship with POC and MAOC contents: SOC = 0.8893(POC + MAOC) + 3.3874, and the correlation coefficient R0 was [value missing]. 2 The value was 0.8781 (P<0.05). This indicates that SOC mainly consists of POC and MAOC, and there is a significant correlation between them. This characteristic suggests that POC and MAOC can be used as two important components of SOC for characterization and research. Vegetable yield is positively correlated with soil MAOC. The VC content and soluble content of vegetables are positively correlated with soil MAOC, indicating that MAOC is the main soil indicator affecting vegetable quality (Table 10).

[0082] Table 10 Correlation Analysis of Indicators

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] The above embodiments are for illustrating the implementation schemes disclosed in this invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, various modifications and variations of the methods listed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been specifically described in conjunction with various specific preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention should not be limited to these specific embodiments. In fact, various modifications as described above that are obvious to those skilled in the art to obtain the invention should be included within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A crop cultivation method based on soil carbon pool regulation, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: 1) Before planting crops, measure the quality of POC and MAOC in the soil; 2) Based on the measurement results of step 1), adjust the mass ratio of POC and MAOC to satisfy 0.8≤POC / MAOC≤1; 3) Plant crops on the conditioned soil; The crop in question is a leafy green vegetable.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leafy green vegetables are selected from bok choy, spinach, lettuce, romaine lettuce, Chinese cabbage, amaranth, or water spinach.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the method to adjust the mass ratio of POC and MAOC is to supplement with an active carbon source or a composite carbon source containing both an active carbon source and an inert carbon source.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The activated carbon source is selected from peat, organic fertilizer or straw.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inert carbon source is biochar.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The biochar is obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Biomass is selected from straw, rice husks, sawdust, bamboo, or animal manure; And / or, the atmosphere for the pyrolysis is nitrogen; And / or, the temperature gradient of the pyrolysis is 5~10℃ / min.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pyrolysis temperature is 300~800℃; And / or, the pyrolysis time is 1~3h.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, This also includes adjusting the POC / MAOC ratio based on soil conditions during crop cultivation.

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