A screening and conveying device for a chufa harvesting machine

Abstract

A kind of screening and conveying device of chufa harvester, for the mixture of chufa agglomerates and soil is screened and conveyed, including sieve cylinder, screw conveyor blade being arranged in the inside of sieve cylinder, and transmission for driving sieve cylinder rotation, the outside edge of screw conveyor blade is connected with the inner wall of sieve cylinder, multiple first strip screen holes are equipped on the side wall of sieve cylinder, two guide screen plate groups and two disturbance screen plate groups are equipped on screw conveyor blade, guide screen plate group includes multiple guide screen plates, disturbance screen plate group includes multiple disturbance screen plates, multiple second strip screen holes and guide column are equipped on guide screen plate, multiple third strip screen holes and disturbance block are equipped on disturbance screen plate, disturbance block can disturb chufa agglomerates, guide column can collide and break chufa agglomerates, multiple screening will make part of soil and part of chufa have certain layering phenomenon, improve screening efficiency, chufa agglomerates are efficiently broken and guided screening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tiger nut harvesters, and more particularly to a screening and conveying device for tiger nut harvesters. Background Technology

[0002] Tiger nuts are a versatile economic crop with multiple values, including grain, oil, livestock, feed, and medicinal uses. Their tubers contain up to 27% oil, with a yield of approximately 900 kg of fresh beans per mu (a Chinese unit of area, approximately 0.165 acres). Their overall yield far exceeds that of soybeans and rapeseed, earning them the title of "King of Oil Crops." Tiger nuts can not only be used to produce edible oil, feed, and alcohol, but they also improve soil structure, prevent wind erosion and sandstorms, and have a positive impact on the agricultural ecological environment. Their strong adaptability and simple planting and management have made them widely popular among farmers. Developing tiger nut cultivation is of great significance for ensuring national edible oil security and improving self-sufficiency.

[0003] The conveying device is a key component of the tiger nut harvester. It collects a mixture of tiger nut agglomerates and soil from the field and transports it via either a lift conveyor or a screw conveyor. However, lift conveyors only convey and perform preliminary screening of the tiger nut agglomerates during transport. Screw conveyors, on the other hand, use screw blades for transport, and by changing the structural parameters of the screw blades, both conveying and preliminary screening can be achieved. Existing screw conveyor devices still have shortcomings in pre-treating tiger nut agglomerates, leading to partial aggregation and clumping. Furthermore, they cannot effectively break up incompletely broken soil, affecting the effectiveness of preliminary screening and transport. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a screening and conveying device for a tiger nut harvester, which prevents tiger nut agglomerates from clumping together and crushes and guides the tiger nut agglomerates for screening.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a screening and conveying device for a tiger nut harvester, used for screening and conveying a mixture of tiger nut agglomerates and soil, including a screen cylinder, a spiral conveying plate disposed inside the screen cylinder, and a transmission device for driving the screen cylinder to rotate. The screen cylinder is horizontally arranged and open at both ends. The spiral conveying plate is coaxially arranged with the screen cylinder. The outer edge of the spiral conveying plate is attached to the inner wall of the screen cylinder, so that the spiral conveying plate can rotate synchronously with the screen cylinder, so that the spiral conveying plate can drive the material from the inlet at one end of the screen cylinder to the outlet at the other end of the screen cylinder. A plurality of first strip-shaped screen holes are evenly spaced on the side wall of the screen cylinder. The length direction of the first strip-shaped screen holes is parallel to the axial direction of the screen cylinder. The first strip-shaped screen holes can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the side wall of the screen cylinder.

[0006] The spiral conveyor is equipped with two guide screen plate groups and two disturbance screen plate groups. The guide screen plate group includes multiple guide screen plates, and the disturbance screen plate group includes multiple disturbance screen plates. Both the guide screen plates and the disturbance screen plates are flat plates of equal thickness. The length direction of both the guide screen plates and the disturbance screen plates is parallel to the axial direction of the screen cylinder. The two ends of the guide screen plates and the disturbance screen plates along the length direction are respectively installed in the limiting grooves on the opposite side surfaces of the spiral conveyor plate at intervals of screw pitch. The multiple screen plates arranged at intervals cooperate to form a screen plate group. The two ends of the four screen plate groups along the length direction are respectively spaced one-quarter screw pitch away from the inlet or outlet of the screen cylinder. The four screen plate groups are evenly distributed at 90° intervals along the circumference of the screen cylinder. The two guide plate groups are symmetrical about the axis of the screen cylinder and are close to the inner wall of the screen cylinder. The two disturbance plate groups are also symmetrical about the axis of the screen cylinder and are close to the axis of the screen cylinder.

[0007] The guide sieve plate is evenly spaced with multiple second strip-shaped sieve holes. The length direction of the second strip-shaped sieve holes is parallel to the axial direction of the sieve cylinder. The second strip-shaped sieve holes can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the guide sieve plate. The agitator sieve plate is evenly spaced with multiple third strip-shaped sieve holes. The length direction of the third strip-shaped sieve holes is parallel to the axial direction of the sieve cylinder. The third strip-shaped sieve holes can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the agitator sieve plate.

[0008] Multiple disturbance blocks are spaced apart on the side of the disturbance screen plate facing the inner wall of the screen cylinder. The disturbance blocks are cylindrical or hemispherical protrusions to facilitate collision and disturbance of the tiger nuts agglomerates. Multiple guide columns are spaced apart on the side of the guide screen plate facing the axis of the screen cylinder. The guide columns are cylindrical bodies with parallelogram cross sections. The acute angle of the parallelogram faces the circumference of the screen cylinder to facilitate collision and breakup of the tiger nuts agglomerates and guide the tiger nuts separated from the tiger nuts agglomerates to move along the two sides of the acute angle of the parallelogram.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the screen cylinder is fitted with multiple transmission rings, and the outer wall of the transmission rings is provided with annular tracks. The transmission device includes multiple sets of rollers, each set of rollers receiving its own annular track, so that the multiple sets of rollers can cooperate to drive the screen cylinder to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the sidewalls of the openings of the first, second, and third strip sieve holes are all provided with rounded corners or chamfers.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] This invention features a guide screen plate assembly and a disturbance screen plate assembly on the spiral conveyor plates inside the screen cylinder. The disturbance screen plate assembly is located close to the axis of the screen cylinder, thus enabling the screening of materials near the center of the screen cylinder. The guide screen plate assembly is located close to the inner wall of the screen cylinder, thus enabling the screening of materials near the side wall of the screen cylinder. After screening, both will cause some soil and some tiger nuts to separate, making the soil closer to the side wall of the screen cylinder and the tiger nuts relatively farther away from the side wall of the screen cylinder. This facilitates the final screening by the screen cylinder and improves the screening efficiency.

[0013] The agitation blocks of the agitation screen plate can disturb the tiger nut agglomerates, weakening the internal binding force of the agglomerates. Because the guide screen plate group and the agitation screen plate group are spaced apart along the circumference, the material can repeatedly collide with the surfaces of the agitation screen plate and the guide screen plate during its movement with the screw conveyor. The impact force generates a swirling motion trajectory, and after swirling, the impact with the inner wall of the screen cylinder further weakens the internal binding force of the tiger nut agglomerates. The guide columns of the guide screen plate can crush the tiger nut agglomerates through impact. Due to the acute and obtuse angles of the parallelogram cross-section, the acute angle surfaces of the parallelogram guide the movement of the tiger nut agglomerates, ensuring both crushing effectiveness and preventing the guide columns from excessively hindering the material's movement. Ultimately, this prevents the tiger nut agglomerates from clumping together, achieving efficient crushing and guiding screening of the tiger nut agglomerates.

[0014] The four sieve plate assemblies are spaced at one-quarter pitch from the inlet or outlet of the sieve cylinder at both ends along the length direction, which can ensure the stability of the material when entering and exiting the sieve cylinder. In addition, the side walls of the slotted sieve holes can be rounded or chamfered to prevent tiger nuts from directly contacting the inner side of the sieve holes during rotation, thus preventing the hole jamming phenomenon. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a sieve cylinder;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a spiral conveyor plate;

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the guide plate assembly and disturbance plate assembly mounted on the spiral conveyor plate;

[0019] Figure 5 A schematic diagram for guiding the sieve plate;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of agitated screen plates.

[0021] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Transmission device; 2. Spiral conveyor plate; 201. Limiting groove; 3. Screen cylinder; 301. Transmission ring; 302. Circular track; 303. First strip screen hole; 4. Guide screen plate assembly; 401. Second strip screen hole; 402. Guide screen plate; 403. Guide column; 5. Disturbing screen plate assembly; 501. Third strip screen hole; 502. Disturbing screen plate; 503. Disturbing block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Referring to the attached diagram, the specific implementation method is as follows:

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a screening and conveying device for a tiger nut harvester is used to screen and convey a mixture of tiger nut agglomerates and soil. It includes a screen cylinder 3, a spiral conveyor 2, and a transmission device 1. The screen cylinder 3 is horizontally arranged and open at both ends. Multiple transmission rings 301 are fitted on the outer wall of the screen cylinder 3. The outer wall of the transmission rings 301 is provided with an annular track 302. The transmission device 1 includes multiple sets of rollers, each of which supports its own annular track 302. The multiple sets of rollers can work together to drive the screen cylinder 3 to rotate.

[0024] like Figure 1 , 4 As shown, the spiral conveyor 2 is disposed inside the screen cylinder 3 and coaxially with the screen cylinder 3. The outer edge of the spiral conveyor 2 is attached to the inner wall of the screen cylinder 3, so that the spiral conveyor 2 can rotate synchronously with the screen cylinder 3. The spiral conveyor 2 can drive the material from the inlet at one end of the screen cylinder 3 to the outlet at the other end of the screen cylinder 3. Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of first strip-shaped sieve holes 303 are evenly spaced on the side wall of the sieve cylinder 3. The length direction of the first strip-shaped sieve holes 303 is parallel to the axial direction of the sieve cylinder 3. The first strip-shaped sieve holes 303 can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the side wall of the sieve cylinder 3.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, the spiral conveyor plate 2 is equipped with two guide screen plate groups 4 and two disturbance screen plate groups 5. The guide screen plate group 4 includes multiple guide screen plates 402, and the disturbance screen plate group 5 includes multiple disturbance screen plates 502. Both the guide screen plates 402 and the disturbance screen plates 502 are flat plates of equal thickness. The length direction of both the guide screen plates 402 and the disturbance screen plates 502 is parallel to the axial direction of the screen cylinder 3. Figure 3 As shown, the guide screen plate 402 and the agitator screen plate 502 are respectively installed in the limiting grooves 201 on the opposite sides of the spiral conveyor plate 2 at intervals of screw pitch at both ends along the length direction. Multiple screen plates arranged at intervals cooperate to form a screen plate group. The two ends of the four screen plate groups along the length direction are respectively spaced one-quarter screw pitch away from the inlet or outlet of the screen cylinder 3, which can ensure the stability of the material when entering and exiting the screen cylinder.

[0026] like Figure 4As shown, four sieve plate groups are evenly distributed at 90° intervals along the circumference of the sieve cylinder 3. Two guide plate groups are symmetrical about the axis of the sieve cylinder 3 and are close to the inner wall of the sieve cylinder 3. Two disturbance plate groups are also symmetrical about the axis of the sieve cylinder 3 and are close to the axis of the sieve cylinder 3. Therefore, the disturbance sieve plate 502 can screen the material near the center of the sieve cylinder 3, and the guide sieve plate 402 can screen the material near the side wall of the sieve cylinder 3. After screening, both will cause some soil and some tiger nuts to stratify to a certain extent, making the soil closer to the side wall of the sieve cylinder 3, while the tiger nuts are relatively far away from the side wall of the sieve cylinder 3, which is beneficial for the final screening of the sieve cylinder.

[0027] like Figure 4-6 As shown, a plurality of second strip-shaped sieve holes 401 are evenly spaced on the guide sieve plate 402. The length direction of the second strip-shaped sieve holes 401 is parallel to the axial direction of the sieve cylinder 3. The second strip-shaped sieve holes 401 can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the guide sieve plate 402. A plurality of third strip-shaped sieve holes 501 are evenly spaced on the disturbance sieve plate 502. The length direction of the third strip-shaped sieve holes 501 is parallel to the axial direction of the sieve cylinder 3. The third strip-shaped sieve holes 501 can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the disturbance sieve plate 502.

[0028] like Figure 4 , 6 As shown, multiple disturbance blocks 503 are spaced apart on the side of the disturbance sieve plate 502 facing the inner wall of the sieve cylinder 3. The disturbance blocks 503 are cylindrical or hemispherical protrusions, which facilitate collision and disturbance of the tiger nuts agglomerates. Figure 4 , 5 As shown, a plurality of guide posts 403 are spaced apart on one side of the guide sieve plate 402 facing the axis of the sieve cylinder 3. The guide posts 403 are cylindrical bodies with parallelogram cross sections, and the acute angles of the parallelograms face the circumference of the sieve cylinder 3, so as to facilitate the collision and breakup of the tiger nuts agglomerates and guide the tiger nuts separated from the tiger nut agglomerates to move along the two sides of the acute angle of the parallelogram.

[0029] The working principle and process of this embodiment are as follows:

[0030] The mixture of tiger nuts agglomerates and soil is fed into the screen cylinder 3 through the inlet and is driven by the screw conveyor 2 until the material leaves the screen cylinder 3 through the outlet. Since the two ends of the screen plate assembly along the length direction are respectively spaced one-quarter pitch from the inlet or outlet of the screen cylinder 3, the stability of the material when entering and exiting the screen cylinder 3 can be guaranteed.

[0031] While the material is driven to move axially by the screw conveyor plate 2, it will also inevitably undergo swirling motion inside the screen cylinder 3. Since the disturbance screen plate group 5 is close to the axis of the screen cylinder, the material near the center of the screen cylinder 3 can be screened by the disturbance screen plate 502. Furthermore, the disturbance block 503 of the disturbance screen plate 502 can disturb the tiger nuts agglomerates and weaken the binding force inside the tiger nuts agglomerates.

[0032] Since the guide screen plate group 4 and the disturbance screen plate group 5 are spaced apart along the circumference, the material can collide with the surfaces of the disturbance screen plate 502 and the guide screen plate 402 multiple times during the movement of the screw conveyor plate 2, and generate a swirling motion trajectory through the force of the collision. After swirling, the material further weakens the binding force inside the tiger nuts agglomerates by impacting the inner wall of the screen cylinder 3.

[0033] When the material collides with the guide screen plate assembly 4, the guide screen plate 402 can screen the material near the side wall of the screen cylinder. The guide column 403 of the guide screen plate 402 can crush the tiger nuts agglomerates by collision. Due to the acute and obtuse angles of the parallelogram cross section, the tiger nuts agglomerates can be guided by the acute angles on both sides of the parallelogram. This can ensure the crushing effect and prevent the guide column 403 from causing too much obstruction to the movement of the material, thus preventing the tiger nuts agglomerates from condensing into lumps.

[0034] The material is screened multiple times by the agitated screen plate 502 and the guide screen plate 402 during continuous swirling motion. Ideally, the material can be screened in the order of agitated screen plate 502-guide screen plate 402-agitated screen plate 502-guide screen plate 402 in conjunction with the screen cylinder 3 for preliminary screening. Before the material reaches the side wall of the screen cylinder 3, some soil and some tiger nuts will be separated into layers, making the soil closer to the side wall of the screen cylinder 3 and the tiger nuts relatively far away from the side wall of the screen cylinder 3. This is beneficial for the final screening by the screen cylinder 3 and improves the screening efficiency.

[0035] The sidewalls of the openings of the first strip screen hole 303, the second strip screen hole 401, and the third strip screen hole 501 are all equipped with rounded corners or chamfers. During rotation, this prevents tiger nut agglomerates from directly contacting the inner sides of the screen holes, thus preventing jamming. Both the guide screen plate and the agitator screen plate are made of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. EPDM rubber has excellent heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, ultimately ensuring efficient crushing and guiding screening of tiger nut agglomerates.

Claims

1. A screening and conveying device for a tiger nut harvester, used for screening and conveying a mixture of tiger nut agglomerates and soil, characterized in that: The screen includes a screen cylinder (3), a spiral conveyor plate (2) disposed inside the screen cylinder (3), and a transmission device (1) for driving the screen cylinder (3) to rotate. The screen cylinder (3) is horizontally disposed and open at both ends. The spiral conveyor plate (2) is coaxially disposed with the screen cylinder (3). The outer edge of the spiral conveyor plate (2) is attached to the inner wall of the screen cylinder (3), so that the spiral conveyor plate (2) can rotate synchronously with the screen cylinder (3) so that the spiral conveyor plate (2) can drive the material from the inlet at one end of the screen cylinder (3) to the outlet at the other end of the screen cylinder (3). Multiple first strip-shaped screen holes (303) are evenly spaced on the side wall of the screen cylinder (3). The length direction of the first strip-shaped screen holes (303) is parallel to the axial direction of the screen cylinder (3). The first strip-shaped screen holes (303) can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the side wall of the screen cylinder (3). The spiral conveyor plate (2) is provided with two guide screen plate groups (4) and two disturbance screen plate groups (5). The guide screen plate group (4) includes multiple guide screen plates (402), and the disturbance screen plate group (5) includes multiple disturbance screen plates (502). The guide screen plates (402) and the disturbance screen plates (502) are both flat plates of equal thickness. The length direction of the guide screen plates (402) and the disturbance screen plates (502) is parallel to the axial direction of the screen cylinder (3). The two ends of the guide screen plates (402) and the disturbance screen plates (502) along the length direction are respectively installed on the spiral conveyor plate (2) with a spacing of screw pitch. In the limiting groove (201) on the opposite two sides of the screen, multiple screen plates are arranged at intervals to form a screen plate group. The two ends of the four screen plate groups along the length direction are respectively spaced one-quarter pitch from the inlet or outlet of the screen cylinder (3). The four screen plate groups are evenly distributed at 90° intervals along the circumference of the screen cylinder (3). The two guide plate groups are symmetrical about the axis of the screen cylinder (3) and are close to the inner wall of the screen cylinder (3). The two disturbance plate groups are also symmetrical about the axis of the screen cylinder (3) and are close to the axis of the screen cylinder (3). The guide sieve plate (402) is provided with a plurality of second strip-shaped sieve holes (401) evenly spaced apart. The length direction of the second strip-shaped sieve holes (401) is parallel to the axial direction of the sieve cylinder (3). The second strip-shaped sieve holes (401) can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the guide sieve plate (402). The disturbance sieve plate (502) is provided with a plurality of third strip-shaped sieve holes (501) evenly spaced apart. The length direction of the third strip-shaped sieve holes (501) is parallel to the axial direction of the sieve cylinder (3). The third strip-shaped sieve holes (501) can block tiger nuts and allow soil to pass through the disturbance sieve plate (502). Multiple disturbance blocks (503) are spaced apart on the side of the disturbance sieve plate (502) facing the inner wall of the sieve cylinder (3). The disturbance blocks (503) are cylindrical or hemispherical protrusions to facilitate collision and disturbance of the tiger nuts agglomerates. Multiple guide columns (403) are spaced apart on the side of the guide sieve plate (402) facing the axis of the sieve cylinder (3). The guide columns (403) are columnar bodies with parallelogram cross sections. The acute angle of the parallelogram faces the circumference of the sieve cylinder (3) to facilitate collision and breakage of the tiger nuts agglomerates and guide the tiger nuts separated from the tiger nuts agglomerates to move along the two sides of the acute angle of the parallelogram.

2. The screening and conveying device for a tiger nut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the screen cylinder (3) is fitted with multiple transmission rings (301), and the outer wall of the transmission rings (301) is provided with an annular track (302). The transmission device (1) includes multiple sets of rollers, each set of rollers receiving its own annular track (302), so that the multiple sets of rollers can cooperate to drive the screen cylinder (3) to rotate.

3. The screening and conveying device for a tiger nut harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sidewalls of the openings of the first strip sieve hole (303), the second strip sieve hole (401), and the third strip sieve hole (501) are all provided with rounded corners or chamfers.

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