A tar residue recovery treatment pre-separation device and process

Abstract

The application relates to the tar residue separation technical field, in particular to a pre-separation device and process for tar residue recycling treatment, wherein the pre-separation device for tar residue recycling treatment comprises a separation tank, a transmission assembly and a plurality of air cavities are installed in the separation tank, a rack assembly is arranged around a stirring mechanism in the separation tank, a plurality of main air bags and compensation air bags are installed on the rack assembly in an annular array, each compensation air bag is between two adjacent main air bags, the input end of the transmission assembly is connected to the output end of the stirring mechanism, the output end of the transmission assembly is movably connected in the air cavity, and the two ends of the air cavity are communicated with the main air bags and the compensation air bags through main air channels and auxiliary air channels; through the cooperative use of the main air bags and the compensation air bags, the gaps between the main air bags can be effectively filled, the integrity of the isolation layer of the double-air-bag plus rack assembly is improved, and the floating phenomenon of the tar residue in the stirring process due to the existence of the gaps is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tar residue separation technology, and in particular to a pre-separation device and process for tar residue recycling and treatment. Background Technology

[0002] During coke oven production, the high-temperature coke oven gas produced is cooled by the gas collecting pipe or primary cooler, causing high-boiling-point organic compounds to condense and form coal tar. At the same time, coal powder, coke powder, free carbon produced by pyrolysis at the top of the carbonization chamber, and porous materials brought in during the cleaning of the riser pipe and gas collecting pipe also mix into the coal tar, forming lumps of varying sizes. These lumps are called tar residue. Currently, mechanized clarification and separation equipment is generally used to separate the tar residue from the coal tar. The separated tar residue is transported to the coal preparation process by a conveying device for secondary recycling of production raw materials. For example, tar residue is used in coking, where tar residue and coal are simultaneously converted into coke, tar, and coke oven gas, achieving the harmless treatment and resource utilization of tar residue.

[0003] While traditional pre-separators can achieve preliminary solid-liquid separation, their ability to crush large tar residues (such as lumps or graphite blocks >10mm) is limited. This results in excessively large solid particle sizes, failing to meet the particle size requirements of subsequent processes. The large or irregular particle size of the tar residue makes it difficult to disperse evenly during coal blending, affecting coal quality uniformity and coke strength. Furthermore, insufficiently crushed tar residue can clog coal blending equipment, increasing maintenance costs. Therefore, the existing technology (publication number CN120438383B) proposes an online crushing and slag removal system for large tar residues based on a pre-separator. The existing system and process employ a tar residue separation and recovery system to improve the reuse rate of tar residue. In this case, the existing technology takes into account the floating of tar residue during the stirring process in the pre-separator and uses a multi-airbag combination shield that automatically spreads out. However, the airbag layer method selected is prone to aging under high temperature and frequent inflation and deflation for a long time, resulting in poor inflation uniformity and insufficient local expansion. This causes large gaps to easily appear between adjacent airbag components, and some tar residue will still float to the surface, affecting the deposition of tar residue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the problem that the existing technology of using multiple airbag components to isolate tar residue and prevent it from floating is prone to problems due to the aging of the airbags and the failure of the expansion degree to reach the original design value, the tar residue still floats during the stirring process.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: a pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment, comprising a separation tank, a stirring mechanism installed in the separation tank, an interface level gauge, a differential pressure level gauge, and a thermometer, characterized in that: it further comprises a coil heater installed at the bottom of the separation tank; the separation tank includes a top gravity flow zone and a bottom sedimentation zone; the gravity flow zone is connected to the inlet end of the pre-separator; a valve is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation zone; the coil heater is used to heat the sedimentation zone; the interface level gauge and the differential pressure level gauge are used to detect the liquid level height of the tar residue mixture and send a signal to the control unit of the valve; the thermometer is used to detect the temperature of the sedimentation zone and send a signal to the control unit of the coil heater; the separation tank is equipped with a transmission assembly and several air chambers, which are used for... Inside the tank, a frame assembly is installed around the stirring mechanism. Several main airbags and compensating airbags are arranged in a ring array on the frame assembly. Each compensating airbag is located between two adjacent main airbags. The input end of the transmission assembly is connected to the output end of the stirring mechanism, and the output end of the transmission assembly is movably connected to the air chamber. The two ends of the air chamber are connected to the main airbags and the compensating airbags through the main air passage and the auxiliary air passage, respectively. When the stirring mechanism controls the flow of gas into or out of the air chamber through the transmission assembly, the gas in the air chamber flows into the main airbag through the main air passage or into the compensating airbag through the auxiliary air passage. When the gas flows into the main airbag, several main airbags expand to a preset state Q1. When the gas flows into the compensating airbag, the compensating airbag expands to a preset state Q2.

[0006] Preferably, the main airbag is made of isoprene rubber and has a fan-shaped cylindrical structure with a fan-shaped cross-section. When not inflated, the main airbag is flat and expands towards the center after inflation, making close contact with adjacent main airbags to form a complete isolation layer. The part of the main airbag that contacts the inner wall of the separation tank is designed as a soft but frictional sealing strip to prevent liquid penetration. At the same time, the contact surfaces between the main airbags are enhanced with micro-protrusions or grooves to improve their fit. In practical applications, the inner lining of the main airbag is coated with a leak-proof layer to improve airtightness. Textures or coatings are added to the side of the main airbag that contacts the inner wall of the separation tank to enhance adhesion and prevent displacement of the main airbag due to vibration caused by stirring.

[0007] Preferably, the compensating airbag is made of silicone rubber and has a fan-shaped cylindrical structure. The end near the center of the separation tank gradually tapers towards the other end. When the compensating airbag is not inflated, it is flat and has a fan-shaped cross-section. In practical applications, the main airbag and the compensating airbag can be connected by silicone or elastic fiber cloth to ensure that the two can fit tightly after inflation. The elastic connection structure does not affect the movement of the compensating airbag.

[0008] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a reducer mounted on the separation tank, a coupling mounted on the output end of the reducer, a stirring shaft fixedly mounted on the coupling at one end, and a stirrer mounted on the other end of the stirring shaft. The reducer drives the stirrer to rotate in the sedimentation zone through the coupling and the stirring shaft. The transmission assembly includes a geared disc fixedly connected to the stirring shaft, several linkage shafts movably connected to the separation tank, a gear and a rotary table fixedly connected to the linkage shaft, a rocker arm movably connected at one end to the eccentric position of the rotary table, and a piston rod fixedly connected to the other end of the rocker arm. The piston rod is movably connected in the gas chamber. The geared disc meshes with the gear. When the stirring shaft rotates, the piston rod is driven to move in the gas chamber through the meshing of the geared disc and the gear.

[0009] Preferably, the frame assembly includes a first vertical drive unit mounted on the separation tank, a support platform fixedly connected to the output end of the first vertical drive unit, and a grid frame arranged in an annular array on the support platform. The support platform is slidably connected to the stirring shaft, and the first vertical drive unit is used to drive the support platform to move on the stirring shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the main air duct includes a main intake pipe and a main exhaust pipe connected to one end of the air chamber. A main reversing valve is installed at the connection point of the main intake pipe and the main exhaust pipe. The main reversing valve is used to control the connection between the air chamber and the main intake pipe, or to control the connection between the air chamber and the main exhaust pipe. When the air chamber is connected to the main intake pipe, gas flows between the air chamber and the main air bag. When the air chamber is connected to the main exhaust pipe, gas flows between the air chamber and the environment outside the separator tank. The auxiliary air duct includes an auxiliary intake pipe and an auxiliary exhaust pipe connected to the other end of the air chamber. A secondary reversing valve is installed at the connection point of the auxiliary intake pipe and the auxiliary exhaust pipe. The secondary reversing valve is used to control the connection between the air chamber and the auxiliary intake pipe, or to control the connection between the air chamber and the auxiliary exhaust pipe. When the air chamber is connected to the auxiliary intake pipe, gas flows between the air chamber and the compensation air bag. When the air chamber is connected to the auxiliary exhaust pipe, gas flows between the air chamber and the environment outside the separator tank.

[0011] Preferably, the test bench assembly is equipped with a tilting component. The end of the compensating airbag near the center of the separator is connected to the output end of the tilting component. The tilting component drives the compensating airbag to rotate closer to or away from the area between the two main airbags. The test bench assembly is equipped with a sensing unit, which detects the expansion pressure value between two adjacent main airbags. When the detected pressure value is F1, a signal is sent to the auxiliary reversing valve and the control unit of the tilting component. The compensating airbag has a liquid exchange chamber. The test bench assembly is equipped with a liquid injection component, which stores counterweight liquid. The input end of the liquid injection component is connected to the output end of the tilting component. The tilting component controls the flow of counterweight liquid between the liquid injection component and the liquid exchange chamber. When the compensating airbag rotates closer to the area between the two main airbags, the counterweight liquid flows into the liquid exchange chamber. When the compensating airbag rotates away from the area between the two main airbags, the counterweight liquid flows out of the liquid exchange chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the flipping assembly includes several second vertical drive units mounted on the support platform, a shaft head fixedly mounted on the output end of the second vertical drive unit, several shaft seats movably connected to the support platform, and a rocker arm with its two ends movably connected to the shaft head and the corresponding shaft seat, respectively. The compensation airbag is fixedly connected to the corresponding shaft seat. The second vertical drive unit is used to drive the corresponding compensation airbag to flip closer to or away from the area between the two main airbags.

[0013] Preferably, the liquid injection assembly includes a liquid chamber fixedly installed on the support platform, a liquid pusher movably connected in the liquid chamber, and a connecting pipe with one end communicating with the liquid chamber. The other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the liquid exchange chamber. The liquid pusher is fixedly connected to the output end of the second vertical drive. The second vertical drive is used to drive the liquid pusher to move in the liquid chamber. When the liquid pusher moves, the counterweight liquid flows between the liquid chamber and the liquid exchange chamber.

[0014] The entire tar residue recovery and treatment system includes a pre-separator (the upper part of the pre-separator is cylindrical, and the lower part is conical; a mixture of ammonia water, tar, and tar residue from the coke oven enters from the top of the pre-separator. Based on their different densities, ammonia water, tar, and tar residue undergo solid-liquid separation during pre-separation, with the tar residue settling at the bottom, and the tar and ammonia water flowing into the subsequent system by gravity according to the liquid level difference) and pre-separation pipes A and B connected to the outlet of the pre-separator. The pre-separator is used to separate ammonia water, tar, graphite blocks, and tar residue through sedimentation. It also includes a crushing device connected to the outlet of pre-separation pipes A and B, a centrifugal pump whose inlet is connected to the outlet of the crushing device, and a pretreatment device connected to the outlet of the centrifugal pump. The ammonia water, tar, graphite blocks, and tar residue deposited in the pre-separator flow into the crushing device through pre-separation pipes A and B, where the crushing device is used to crush the tar residue. The mixture of pulverized tar, tar residue, graphite blocks, and ammonia water is transported to a pretreatment unit by a centrifugal pump until the particle size of both is ≤10mm. The pretreatment unit is used to precipitate and separate the pulverized tar, tar residue, graphite blocks, and ammonia water mixture. The ammonia water at the top flows into the pre-separator by gravity, and the tar residue mixture is deposited at the bottom of the pretreatment unit. The outlet end of the bottom of the pretreatment unit is connected to a drying unit. When the tar residue mixture deposited in the pretreatment unit reaches the preset liquid level, the pretreatment unit transports the deposited tar residue to the drying unit. The drying unit is used to further pulverize and separate the tar residue. The drying unit includes a solid phase outlet end and a liquid phase outlet end. The solid phase outlet end of the drying unit is connected to a slag box, and the liquid phase outlet end of the drying unit is connected to the inlet end of the pre-separator. All components in this system are connected to the existing system using remote instruments to achieve intelligent remote control.

[0015] The entire tar residue recovery and treatment system includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: The mixture of ammonia water, tar, tar residue and other substances from the coke oven enters from the top of the pre-separator. According to the different densities of the substances, the ammonia water, tar, tar residue and other substances complete solid-liquid separation in the pre-separator. The tar residue, graphite blocks and tar are deposited at the bottom.

[0017] S2: Open the pre-separation pipe A and pre-separation pipe B. The tar residue, graphite blocks and other lumps deposited at the bottom of the pre-separator, along with some tar ammonia water, fall into the crushing device. The large pieces of tar residue and graphite are crushed into fine particles in the crushing device. Pulps of tar residue and graphite larger than 10mm are further crushed by the crushing device.

[0018] S3: Tar residue, graphite blocks and tar ammonia water smaller than 10mm pass through the filter screen and are transported to the pretreatment unit by a centrifugal pump.

[0019] S4: Tar, tar residue, and ammonia water undergo sedimentation and stratification in the pretreatment unit. The ammonia water at the top flows into the pre-separator by gravity. When the interface level gauge and differential pressure level gauge detect that the oil and residue deposited at the bottom of the pretreatment unit have reached the preset level, the valve is opened. At the same time, the grinder, tar residue conveying pump, and tar residue centrifuge are turned on, the stirring mechanism is started to accelerate the flow of the tar residue mixture in the sedimentation zone, and the coil heater is used to heat the sedimentation zone to ensure the fluidity of the tar residue mixture.

[0020] S401: When the reducer drives the stirring shaft to rotate, the gear plate rotates accordingly and transmits power to the linkage shaft through the meshing transmission action with the gear, causing the linkage shaft and the rotary table to rotate, which in turn causes the rocker arm to swing continuously. The rocker arm in the swinging motion generates a reciprocating pushing and pulling action on the piston rod.

[0021] S402: The piston rod moves to one side in the air chamber first. At this time, the main reversing valve opens the main intake pipe and closes the main exhaust pipe. The auxiliary reversing valve opens the auxiliary exhaust pipe and closes the auxiliary intake pipe. The gas in the air chamber flows into the main air bladder through the main intake pipe. The main air bladder expands and squeezes against each other. Together with the support platform, they form a partition in the separator. At the same time, the gas in the external environment flows into the air chamber through the auxiliary exhaust pipe.

[0022] S403: When the piston rod moves to one end of the air chamber in S402, the main airbag is inflated to the preset state Q1. At this time, a signal is sent to the main reversing valve, which closes the main intake pipe and opens the main exhaust pipe. As the piston rod moves back and forth, the gas in the air chamber is discharged into the external environment through the main exhaust pipe and the auxiliary exhaust pipe.

[0023] If the main airbag inflation does not reach the preset state Q1, the sensing unit sends the detection signal to the control unit of the secondary reversing valve and the second vertical drive. The secondary reversing valve opens the secondary air intake pipe and closes the secondary exhaust pipe. At the same time, the second vertical drive controls the compensation airbag to gradually flip and approach the corresponding two main airbags through the shaft head, shaft seat and rocker arm. The piston moves to the other end of the air chamber, allowing gas to flow into the compensation airbag through the secondary air intake pipe until the compensation airbag inflates to the preset state Q2. At this time, the compensation airbag fills the gap between the two adjacent main airbags. The liquid pusher moves synchronously in the liquid chamber, allowing the counterweight liquid to flow into the liquid exchange chamber.

[0024] S404: The agitator stirs the tar residue mixture under the platform, accelerating the flow of the mixture. At the same time, the expanding main air bladder and compensation air bladder prevent the tar residue particles from floating upwards and entering the ammonia water layer.

[0025] S5: The tar residue mixture is fed into a grinding mill for grinding until the tar residue is ground into particles ≤5mm.

[0026] S6: The tar residue conveying pump transports the ground tar residue mixture to the tar residue centrifuge for solid-liquid separation;

[0027] S7: Tar residue falls into the slag box by gravity, and the oil-water mixture is transported to the pre-separator by the tar-ammonia-water transfer pump;

[0028] S8: Use mechanical transport equipment to remove the tar residue from the slag box and send it to the coal blending system for processing on a regular basis.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] 1. Through the synergistic effect of the main airbag and the compensating airbag, when the main airbag is aged or expands unevenly, it can effectively fill the gap between the main airbags, thereby improving the integrity of the isolation layer of the dual airbag plus frame assembly and reducing the floating phenomenon of tar residue during the stirring process due to the presence of gaps.

[0031] 2. The fan-shaped structure of the main airbag increases the contact area with adjacent airbags after expansion compared to other structures, eliminating most of the initial gaps. In addition, the micro-protrusion structure on the main airbag provides adaptive buffering to prevent gaps from widening due to vibration. After long-term use, the expansion fluctuation is greatly reduced.

[0032] 3. The fan-shaped column structure and one-way contraction structure of the compensation airbag make it easier to flip and move between the inflated main airbags. Its contraction end automatically undergoes slight deformation under the pressure of the main airbag to adapt to irregular gaps, and can fit the gap between the main airbags to the greatest extent after flipping.

[0033] 4. The inflation power is 100% derived from the rotation of the stirring shaft, which greatly reduces energy consumption and also reduces the failure rate of mechanical linkages;

[0034] 5. By rotating the supplementary airbag, the counterweight liquid is simultaneously controlled to flow into the liquid exchange chamber, increasing its bottom density. This forces the airbag to sink and fit the gaps, and prevents the overlapping gaps caused by the airbag swinging during inflation. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 The diagram shown is of a tar residue recycling and treatment system.

[0036] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the tar residue recycling and processing process;

[0037] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the internal structure of the separation tank body of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the main structure of the separation tank of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the main body of the pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional schematic of the pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the transmission assembly of the pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the isolation layer structure of the pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 10 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sensing unit in the pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 11 The diagram shows the main gas duct and auxiliary gas duct gas supply structure of the pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 12 The device shown is a pre-separation apparatus for tar residue recovery and treatment according to the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0047] Figure 13 The device shown is a pre-separation apparatus for tar residue recovery and treatment according to the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0048] Figure 14 The device shown is a pre-separation apparatus for tar residue recovery and treatment according to the present invention. Figure 13 Enlarged diagram of section B1.

[0049] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 101, Separation tank; 102, Coil heater; 103, Gravity flow zone; 104, Sedimentation zone; 201, Reducer; 202, Coupling; 203, Stirring shaft; 204, Stirrer; 301, Gear disc; 302, Linkage shaft; 303, Gear; 304, Rotary disc; 305, Rocker arm; 306, Piston column; 401, Air chamber; 402, Main intake pipe; 403, Main exhaust pipe; 404. 405. Main directional valve; 406. Secondary intake pipe; 407. Secondary exhaust pipe; 501. Secondary directional valve; 502. Vertical drive unit No. 1; 503. Support platform; 504. Grille frame; 6. Main airbag; 701. Compensation airbag; 702. Fluid exchange chamber; 8. Sensing unit; 901. Vertical drive unit No. 2; 902. Shaft head; 903. Shaft seat; 904. Rocker arm; 1001. Fluid chamber; 1002. Fluid pusher; 1003. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] Please see Figures 1-14This invention provides an embodiment of a pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment, comprising a separation tank 101, a stirring mechanism installed in the separation tank 101, an interface level gauge, a differential pressure level gauge, and a thermometer. The device is characterized by further including a coil heater 102 installed at the bottom of the separation tank 101. The separation tank 101 includes a top gravity flow zone 103 and a bottom sedimentation zone 104. The gravity flow zone 103 is connected to the inlet end of the pre-separator. A valve is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation zone 104. The coil heater 102 is used to heat the sedimentation zone 104. The interface level gauge and the differential pressure level gauge are used to detect the liquid level height of the tar residue mixture and send signals to the control unit of the valve. The thermometer is used to detect the temperature of the sedimentation zone 104 and send signals to the control unit of the coil heater 102. A transmission assembly and several air chambers 401 are installed inside the separation tank 101. The separation tank 101 also includes... A frame assembly is provided surrounding the stirring mechanism. Several main airbags 6 and compensating airbags 701 are arranged in a circumferential array on the frame assembly (the frame assembly, main airbags 6, and compensating airbags 701 form an isolation layer). Each compensating airbag 701 is located between two adjacent main airbags 6. The input end of the transmission assembly is connected to the output end of the stirring mechanism, and the output end of the transmission assembly is movably connected to the air chamber 401. The two ends of the air chamber 401 are connected to the main airbags 6 and the compensating airbags 701 through the main air passage and the auxiliary air passage, respectively. When the stirring mechanism controls the flow of gas into or out of the air chamber 401 through the transmission assembly, the gas in the air chamber 401 flows into the main airbags 6 through the main air passage or into the compensating airbags 701 through the auxiliary air passage. When the gas flows into the main airbags 6, several main airbags 6 expand to a preset state Q1. When the gas flows into the compensating airbags 701, the compensating airbags 701 expand to a preset state Q2.

[0052] Please see Figures 5-6 and Figures 8-11In this embodiment, the main airbag 6 is made of isoprene rubber (low cost, good expansion and anti-aging properties, suitable for the design and production of large-sized main airbags with a certain service life). During manufacturing, 1.5% antioxidant Irganox 1010 and 2% ultraviolet absorber Tinuvin are added. 292, extending the thermo-oxidative aging life to 5000 hours), is a fan-shaped columnar structure with a fan-shaped cross-section. When the main airbag 6 is not inflated, it is flat. After inflation, it expands towards the central area and comes into close contact with the other adjacent main airbags 6, forming a complete isolation layer. The part of the main airbag 6 that contacts the inner wall of the separation tank 101 is designed as a soft but frictional sealing strip to prevent liquid penetration. At the same time, the contact surfaces between the main airbags 6 are enhanced with small protrusions or grooves to improve their fit. In practical applications, the inner lining of the main airbag 6 is coated with a leak-proof coating to improve airtightness. Textures or coatings are added to the side of the main airbag 6 that contacts the inner wall of the separation tank 101 to improve adhesion and prevent the main airbag 6 from shifting due to vibration caused by stirring. The compensation airbag 701 is made of silicone rubber (which is more expensive, but has excellent ductility, elasticity, and anti-aging properties, making it more suitable for the design and production of small compensation airbags; fluororubber also has similar properties in actual use, with higher temperature resistance (up to 240 degrees Celsius) and excellent anti-aging properties. During manufacturing, a 5μm thick fluorocarbon coating is applied to the surface to resist corrosion from phenolic compounds in tar, ensuring no leakage for two years). It has a fan-shaped columnar structure (in practical applications, the compensation airbag 701 can also be designed according to the gap structure formed between the main airbags 6; for example, during equipment operation, it is often found that the end of the main airbag 6 closest to the center of the separator tank 101 is most prone to gap formation, which should be due to...). Because the other end has a larger cross-section and receives more heat, while the end closer to the center has a smaller cross-section and receives less heat, the thermal deformation is different. With continuous inflation, the other end expands more easily, resulting in insufficient expansion of the end closer to the center and the appearance of gaps. The compensating airbag 701 can be designed with a wave-shaped, arc-shaped, or honeycomb structure to better fit the surface of the main airbag 6. The end closer to the center of the separation tank 101 gradually tapers towards the other end. When not inflated, the compensating airbag 701 is flat with a fan-shaped cross-section. In practical applications, the main airbag 6 and the compensating airbag 701 can be connected with silicone or elastic fiber cloth to ensure that they can fit tightly after inflation. The elastic connection structure does not affect the movement of the compensating airbag 701.

[0053] Please see Figures 3-7 and Figure 12In this embodiment, the stirring mechanism includes a reducer 201 mounted on the separation tank 101, a coupling 202 mounted on the output end of the reducer 201, a stirring shaft 203 fixedly mounted on the coupling 202 at one end, and a stirrer 204 mounted on the other end of the stirring shaft 203. The reducer 201 drives the stirrer 204 to rotate in the sedimentation zone 104 through the coupling 202 and the stirring shaft 203. The transmission assembly includes a geared disc 301 fixedly connected to the stirring shaft 203 and a geared disc 304 movably connected to the separation tank 101. The separation tank 101 includes several linkage shafts 302, gears 303 and a rotary disk 304 fixedly connected to the linkage shafts 302, a rocker arm 305 movably connected at one end to the eccentric position of the rotary disk 304, and a piston rod 306 fixedly connected to the other end of the rocker arm 305. The piston rod 306 is movably connected in the air chamber 401. The gear disk 301 meshes with the gears 303. When the stirring shaft 203 rotates, the piston rod 306 is driven to move in the air chamber 401 through the meshing of the gear disk 301 and the gears 303. The frame assembly includes a first vertical drive component 501 (a cylinder device can be used in actual use) mounted on the separation tank 101, a support platform 502 fixedly connected to the output end of the first vertical drive component 501, and a grid frame 503 arranged in a ring array on the support platform 502. The support platform 502 is slidably connected to the stirring shaft 203. The first vertical drive component 501 is used to drive the support platform 502 to move on the stirring shaft 203.

[0054] Please see Figures 5-6 , Figures 8-14 In this embodiment, the main air duct includes a main intake pipe 402 and a main exhaust pipe 403 connected to one end of the air chamber 401. A main reversing valve 404 is installed at the connection point of the main intake pipe 402 and the main exhaust pipe 403. The main reversing valve 404 is used to control the connection between the air chamber 401 and the main intake pipe 402, or to control the connection between the air chamber 401 and the main exhaust pipe 403. When the air chamber 401 is connected to the main intake pipe 402, gas flows between the air chamber 401 and the main airbag 6. When the air chamber 401 is connected to the main exhaust pipe 403, gas flows between the air chamber 401 and the environment outside the separator 101. The auxiliary air duct includes an auxiliary intake pipe 405 connected to the other end of the air chamber 401 and... A secondary reversing valve 407 is installed at the connection point of the secondary exhaust pipe 406, the secondary intake pipe 405, and the secondary exhaust pipe 406. The secondary reversing valve 407 is used to control the connection between the air chamber 401 and the secondary intake pipe 405, or to control the connection between the air chamber 401 and the secondary exhaust pipe 406. When the air chamber 401 is connected to the secondary intake pipe 405, the gas flows between the air chamber 401 and the compensating airbag 701. When the air chamber 401 is connected to the secondary exhaust pipe 406, the gas flows between the air chamber 401 and the environment outside the separator tank 101. The switching time of the main reversing valve 404 / secondary reversing valve 407 is <0.5 seconds, ensuring that the inflation process of the main airbag 6 and the compensating airbag 701 does not interfere with each other and reducing crossflow.

[0055] Please see Figures 5-14 In this embodiment, a tilting assembly is installed on the test bench assembly. The end of the compensating airbag 701 near the center of the separator 101 is connected to the output end of the tilting assembly. The tilting assembly is used to drive the compensating airbag 701 to rotate closer to or away from the area between the two main airbags 6. A sensing unit 8 is installed on the test bench assembly (in actual applications, three pressure sensors are set at the gaps that are likely to occur on the contact surfaces of adjacent main airbags 6 on the support platform 502. These sensors can be linearly distributed. The compensating airbag 701 is only triggered to inflate when at least two sensors detect a pressure value < a preset threshold, thus avoiding malfunctions caused by single-point errors). The sensing unit 8 is used to detect the expansion pressure value between two adjacent main airbags 6. When the detected pressure value is F1, a signal is sent to the auxiliary reversing valve 407 and the control unit of the tilting assembly. The compensating airbag 701 is provided with a liquid exchange chamber 702. A liquid injection assembly is installed on the test bench assembly. The system stores a counterweight liquid (a heavy mineral oil with a density of 1.2~1.4 g / cm³, such as white oil + nano-zirconia suspension, whose density is greater than that of tar by 0.9~1.1 g / cm³, but less than that of water, ensuring that the compensating airbag 701 is relatively stable when flipping in the tar, preventing swaying caused by rotation during inflation. In practical applications, a magnetic float can be installed in the liquid chamber 1001 to monitor the counterweight liquid level in real time. When the liquid level is lower than the threshold, it will be automatically replenished to avoid compensation failure due to insufficient liquid level). The input end of the injection component is connected to the output end of the flipping component. The flipping component is used to control the flow of the counterweight liquid between the injection component and the liquid exchange chamber 702. When the compensating airbag 701 rotates and approaches the area between the two main airbags 6, the counterweight liquid flows into the liquid exchange chamber 702; when the compensating airbag 701 rotates and moves away from the area between the two main airbags 6, the counterweight liquid flows out of the liquid exchange chamber 702. The flipping assembly includes several secondary vertical drive units 901 (same as the first vertical drive unit 501) mounted on the platform 502, a shaft head 902 fixedly mounted on the output end of the secondary vertical drive unit 901, several shaft seats 903 movably connected to the platform 502, and a rocker arm 904 whose two ends are movably connected to the shaft head 902 and the corresponding shaft seat 903 respectively. The compensation airbag 701 is fixedly connected to the corresponding shaft seat 903. The secondary vertical drive unit 901 is used to drive the corresponding compensation airbag 701 to flip closer to or away from the area between the two main airbags 6. The liquid injection assembly includes a liquid chamber 1001 fixedly mounted on a support 502, a liquid pusher 1002 movably connected to the liquid chamber 1001, and a connecting pipe 1003 with one end connected to the liquid chamber 1001. The other end of the connecting pipe 1003 is connected to the liquid exchange chamber 702. The liquid pusher 1002 is fixedly connected to the output end of a second vertical drive 901. The second vertical drive 901 is used to drive the liquid pusher 1002 to move within the liquid chamber 1001. When the liquid pusher 1002 moves, the counterweight liquid flows between the liquid chamber 1001 and the liquid exchange chamber 702.

[0056] Please see Figures 3-14 In this embodiment, the present invention provides a pre-separation process for tar residue recycling, employing a pre-separation device for tar residue recycling as described above, including the following steps:

[0057] S401: When the reducer 201 drives the stirring shaft 203 to rotate, the gear disk 301 rotates accordingly and transmits power to the linkage shaft 302 through the meshing transmission action with the gear 303, causing the linkage shaft 302 and the rotary disk 304 to rotate, which in turn causes the rocker arm 305 to swing continuously. The swinging rocker arm 305 generates a reciprocating pushing and pulling action on the piston column 306.

[0058] S402: The piston rod 306 moves to one side in the air chamber 401. At this time, the main reversing valve 404 opens the main intake pipe 402 and closes the main exhaust pipe 403. The auxiliary reversing valve 407 opens the auxiliary exhaust pipe 406 and closes the auxiliary intake pipe 405. The gas in the air chamber 401 flows into the main air bladder 6 through the main intake pipe 402. The main air bladder 6 expands and presses against each other. Together with the support platform 502, it forms a partition in the separator tank 101. At the same time, the gas in the external environment flows into the air chamber 401 through the auxiliary exhaust pipe 406.

[0059] S403: When the piston rod 306 moves to one end of the air chamber 401 in S402 (in practical applications, a contact switch can be designed to control signal transmission), the main airbag 6 inflates to the preset state Q1. At this time, a signal is sent to the main reversing valve 404. The main reversing valve 404 closes the main air intake pipe 402 and opens the main exhaust pipe 403. As the piston rod 306 moves back and forth, the gas in the air chamber 401 is discharged into the external environment through the main exhaust pipe 403 and the auxiliary exhaust pipe 406.

[0060] If the main airbag 6 does not reach the preset state Q1, the sensing unit 8 sends the detection signal to the control unit of the secondary reversing valve 407 and the second vertical drive 901. The secondary reversing valve 407 opens the secondary air intake pipe 405 and closes the secondary exhaust pipe 406. At the same time, the second vertical drive 901 controls the compensation airbag 701 to gradually flip and approach the corresponding two main airbags 6 through the shaft head 902, shaft seat 903 and rocker arm 904. The piston column 306 moves to the other end of the air chamber 401, allowing gas to flow into the compensation airbag 701 through the secondary air intake pipe 405 until the compensation airbag 701 expands to the preset state Q2. At this time, the compensation airbag 701 fills the gap between the two adjacent main airbags 6. The liquid pusher 1002 moves synchronously in the liquid chamber 1001, allowing the counterweight liquid to flow into the liquid exchange chamber 702.

[0061] S404: The agitator 204 stirs the tar residue mixture below the support platform 502, accelerating the flow of the mixture. At the same time, the expanding main air bladder 6 and the compensating air bladder 701 prevent the tar residue particles from floating upward and entering the ammonia water layer.

Claims

1. A pre-separation device for tar residue recycling and treatment, comprising a separation tank (101), a stirring mechanism installed in the separation tank (101), an interface level gauge, a differential pressure level gauge, and a thermometer, characterized in that: It also includes a coil heater (102) installed at the bottom of the separator (101). The separator (101) includes a gravity flow zone (103) at the top and a sedimentation zone (104) at the bottom. The gravity flow zone (103) is connected to the inlet end of the pre-separator. A valve is installed at the bottom of the sedimentation zone (104). The coil heater (102) is used to heat the sedimentation zone (104). An interface level gauge and a differential pressure level gauge are used to detect the liquid level of the tar residue mixture and send a signal to the control unit of the valve. A thermometer is used to detect the temperature of the sedimentation zone (104) and send a signal to the control unit of the coil heater (102). The separation tank (101) is equipped with a transmission assembly and several air chambers (401). The separation tank (101) is also equipped with a frame assembly arranged around the stirring mechanism. Several main air bags (6) and compensation air bags (701) are arranged in a circumferential array on the frame assembly. Each compensation air bag (701) is located between two adjacent main air bags (6). The input end of the transmission assembly is connected to the output end of the stirring mechanism. The output end of the transmission assembly is movably connected to the air chamber (401). The two ends of the air chamber (401) are connected to the main air bag (6) and the compensation air bag (701) through the main air passage and the auxiliary air passage, respectively. When the stirring mechanism controls the gas to flow into or out of the gas chamber (401) through the transmission component, the gas in the gas chamber (401) flows into the main air bladder (6) through the main air passage or into the compensation air bladder (701) through the auxiliary air passage. When the gas flows into the main air bladder (6), several main air bladders (6) expand to the preset state Q1. When the gas flows into the compensation air bladder (701), the compensation air bladder (701) expands to the preset state Q2.

2. The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main airbag (6) is made of isoprene rubber and has a fan-shaped column structure with a fan-shaped cross-section.

3. The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation airbag (701) is made of silicone rubber and has a fan-shaped cylindrical structure. It gradually narrows from one end near the center of the separation tank (101) to the other end.

4. The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism includes a reducer (201) mounted on the separation tank (101), a coupling (202) mounted on the output end of the reducer (201), a stirring shaft (203) fixed on one end of the coupling (202), and a stirrer (204) mounted on the other end of the stirring shaft (203). The reducer (201) drives the stirrer (204) to rotate in the sedimentation zone (104) through the coupling (202) and the stirring shaft (203). The transmission assembly includes a geared disc (301) fixedly connected to the stirring shaft (203), several linkage shafts (302) movably connected to the separation tank (101), a gear (303) and a rotary disk (304) fixedly connected to the linkage shafts (302), a rocker arm (305) movably connected at one end to the eccentric position of the rotary disk (304), and a piston rod (306) fixedly connected to the other end of the rocker arm (305). The piston rod (306) is movably connected in the air chamber (401). The geared disc (301) meshes with the gear (303). When the stirring shaft (203) rotates, the piston rod (306) is driven to move in the air chamber (401) through the meshing transmission of the geared disc (301) and the gear (303).

5. The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame assembly includes a first vertical drive (501) mounted on the separation tank (101), a support platform (502) fixedly connected to the output end of the first vertical drive (501), and a grid frame (503) arranged in a circumferential array on the support platform (502). The support platform (502) is slidably connected to the stirring shaft (203), and the first vertical drive (501) is used to drive the support platform (502) to move on the stirring shaft (203).

6. The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main air passage includes a main intake pipe (402) and a main exhaust pipe (403) connected to one end of the air chamber (401). A main reversing valve (404) is installed at the connection point of the main intake pipe (402) and the main exhaust pipe (403). The main reversing valve (404) is used to control the connection between the air chamber (401) and the main intake pipe (402), or to control the connection between the air chamber (401) and the main exhaust pipe (403). When the air chamber (401) is connected to the main air intake pipe (402), the gas flows between the air chamber (401) and the main air bag (6); when the air chamber (401) is connected to the main exhaust pipe (403), the gas flows between the air chamber (401) and the environment outside the separator (101). The auxiliary air passage includes an auxiliary intake pipe (405) and an auxiliary exhaust pipe (406) connected to the other end of the air chamber (401). An auxiliary reversing valve (407) is installed at the connection point of the auxiliary intake pipe (405) and the auxiliary exhaust pipe (406). The auxiliary reversing valve (407) is used to control the connection between the air chamber (401) and the auxiliary intake pipe (405), or to control the connection between the air chamber (401) and the auxiliary exhaust pipe (406). When the air chamber (401) is connected to the auxiliary air intake pipe (405), the gas flows between the air chamber (401) and the compensation airbag (701); when the air chamber (401) is connected to the auxiliary exhaust pipe (406), the gas flows between the air chamber (401) and the environment outside the separator (101).

7. The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A tilting assembly is installed on the bench assembly. One end of the compensation airbag (701) near the center of the separator (101) is connected to the output end of the tilting assembly. The tilting assembly is used to drive the compensation airbag (701) to rotate closer to or away from the area between the two main airbags (6). A sensing unit (8) is installed on the test bench assembly. The sensing unit (8) is used to detect the inflation pressure value between two adjacent main airbags (6). When the detected pressure value is F1, a signal is sent to the auxiliary reversing valve (407) and the control unit of the flip assembly. The compensating airbag (701) is provided with a fluid exchange chamber (702). A fluid injection assembly is installed on the frame assembly. The fluid injection assembly stores counterweight fluid. The input end of the fluid injection assembly is connected to the output end of the flip assembly. The flip assembly is used to control the flow of counterweight fluid between the fluid injection assembly and the fluid exchange chamber (702). When the compensating airbag (701) rotates closer to the area between the two main airbags (6), the counterweight fluid flows into the fluid exchange chamber (702). When the compensating airbag (701) rotates away from the area between the two main airbags (6), the counterweight fluid flows out of the fluid exchange chamber (702).

8. The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The flipping assembly includes several second vertical drive units (901) mounted on the platform (502), a shaft head (902) fixedly mounted on the output end of the second vertical drive unit (901), several shaft seats (903) movably connected to the platform (502), and a rocker arm (904) whose two ends are movably connected to the shaft head (902) and the corresponding shaft seat (903) respectively. The compensation airbag (701) is fixedly connected to the corresponding shaft seat (903). The second vertical drive unit (901) is used to drive the corresponding compensation airbag (701) to flip closer to or away from the area between the two main airbags (6).

9. A pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The liquid injection assembly includes a liquid chamber (1001) fixedly installed on a support (502), a liquid pusher (1002) movably connected in the liquid chamber (1001), and a connecting pipe (1003) with one end connected to the liquid chamber (1001). The other end of the connecting pipe (1003) is connected in the liquid exchange chamber (702). The liquid pusher (1002) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second vertical drive (901). The second vertical drive (901) is used to drive the liquid pusher (1002) to move in the liquid chamber (1001). When the liquid pusher (1002) moves, the counterweight liquid flows between the liquid chamber (1001) and the liquid exchange chamber (702).

10. A pre-separation process for the recovery and treatment of tar residue, characterized in that: The pre-separation device for tar residue recovery and treatment as described in claim 9 includes the following steps: S401: When the reducer (201) drives the stirring shaft (203) to rotate, the gear plate (301) rotates accordingly and transmits power to the linkage shaft (302) through the meshing transmission with the gear (303), causing the linkage shaft (302) and the rotary table (304) to rotate, which in turn causes the rocker arm (305) to swing continuously. The swinging rocker arm (305) generates a reciprocating pushing and pulling action on the piston rod (306); S402: The piston rod (306) moves to one side in the air chamber (401). At this time, the main reversing valve (404) opens the main intake pipe (402) and closes the main exhaust pipe (403). The auxiliary reversing valve (407) opens the auxiliary exhaust pipe (406) and closes the auxiliary intake pipe (405). The gas in the air chamber (401) flows into the main air bladder (6) through the main intake pipe (402). The main air bladder (6) expands and presses against each other. It forms a partition in the separator (101) with the support platform (502). At the same time, the gas in the external environment flows into the air chamber (401) through the auxiliary exhaust pipe (406). S403: When the piston rod (306) moves to one end of the air chamber (401) in S402, the main air bag (6) 504 is inflated to the preset state Q1. At this time, a signal is sent to the main reversing valve (404). The main reversing valve (404) closes the main intake pipe (402) and opens the main exhaust pipe (403). As the piston rod (306) moves back and forth, the gas in the air chamber (401) is discharged into the external environment through the main exhaust pipe (403) and the auxiliary exhaust pipe (406). If the main airbag (6) does not reach the preset state Q1, the sensing unit (8) sends a detection signal to the control unit of the secondary reversing valve (407) and the second vertical drive (901). The secondary reversing valve (407) opens the secondary intake pipe (405) and closes the secondary exhaust pipe (406). At the same time, the second vertical drive (901) controls the compensation airbag (701) to gradually flip and lean against the shaft head (902), shaft seat (903) and rocker arm (904). Near the two corresponding main airbags (6), the piston column (306) moves to the other end of the air chamber (401), allowing gas to flow into the compensation airbag (701) through the auxiliary air inlet pipe (405) until the compensation airbag (701) expands to the preset state Q2. At this time, the compensation airbag (701) fills the gap between the two adjacent main airbags (6), and the liquid pusher (1002) moves synchronously in the liquid chamber (1001), allowing the counterweight liquid to flow into the liquid exchange chamber (702). S404: The agitator (204) stirs the tar residue mixture below the platform (502), accelerating the flow of the mixture, while the expanding main air bladder (6) and compensating air bladder (701) prevent the tar residue particles from floating upwards into the ammonia water layer.

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