Integrated machine tool integrating functions of feeding and discharging, drilling, deburring and chamfering

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated machine tool integrating functions of feeding and discharging, drilling, deburring and chamfering, the integrated machine tool comprises a machining table, an X-axis sliding table, a Y-axis sliding table, a clamping and positioning mechanism and a feeding and discharging mechanism, and the discharging mechanism comprises a base, a main frame body, a material guide groove, a material taking device and a material receiving device; the base is installed on the machining table. The main frame body is vertically fixed on the base; the guide groove is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the guide groove is fixed to the top of the main frame body, the upper end of the guide groove extends to the lateral upper portion of the main frame body, and a strip-shaped hole is formed in the guide groove in the length direction of the guide groove and extends to the area above the top of the main frame body from the upper end of the guide groove. The material taking device and the material receiving device are installed on the side wall of the main frame body and located on the two sides of the material guide groove respectively, the material taking device can transfer workpieces into the clamping and positioning mechanism in the working area of the machining table to be clamped and positioned for subsequent machining, and the material taking device can transfer the workpieces machined in the clamping and positioning mechanism to the material receiving device. The device is high in integration level, capable of achieving self-adaptive feeding and discharging and compact in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of precision machine tool manufacturing technology, specifically relating to an integrated machine tool that integrates feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering functions. Background Technology

[0002] In aerospace, precision instrumentation, and other fields, the processing of fasteners (such as bolts) must meet strict geometric tolerances and surface quality requirements. In traditional production processes, the machining of anti-rotation holes, deburring, and chamfering are usually completed in multiple steps: first, the holes are machined using a drilling and tapping machine (such as the bidirectional automatic drilling and tapping machine described in CN115351324A), and then transferred to specialized equipment for deburring and chamfering. This process suffers from dispersed processes and low production efficiency. In the existing technology (CN115351324A), the workpiece needs to be repeatedly clamped and transferred during the production process, resulting in loss of positioning accuracy and easy surface damage due to bumps, affecting the product qualification rate (especially for high-value aerospace fasteners). Although it can achieve bidirectional drilling and basic feeding, it lacks integrated deburring and chamfering capabilities after unloading, still relying on manual intervention or independent equipment, which restricts production efficiency. Manual deburring is labor-intensive and inconsistent, making it difficult to meet the needs of mass production.

[0003] In addition, when the feeding mechanism of the prior art (CN115351324A) feeds the workpiece into the mold through the feeding groove and the notch on the side of the mold, the workpiece is prone to collide with the side wall of the mold notch, causing surface damage; at the same time, when the unloading mechanism uses the unloading cylinder to push the processed workpiece out of the mold, the workpiece is also prone to collide with the side wall of the mold notch, causing surface damage.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated machine tool that combines continuous feeding, drilling, automatic unloading, online deburring and chamfering functions to overcome the limitations of existing technology and achieve high-precision, fully automated processing of fasteners. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated machine tool that combines continuous feeding and unloading, deburring, and chamfering functions. This machine tool can automatically achieve efficient and accurate feeding and unloading, and also has the function of deburring and chamfering after drilling, thereby improving the processing efficiency of workpieces.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: An integrated machine tool comprising feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring, and chamfering functions includes a machining table with a central working area; two X-axis slides capable of lateral displacement along the X-axis are mounted on the machining table, each X-axis slide has a machining unit mounted on it, and multiple spindles with cutting tools are mounted on the inner sides of the two machining units facing each other, with the spindles of the two machining units arranged coaxially in pairs on both sides of the working area; a Y-axis slide capable of longitudinal displacement along the Y-axis is mounted on the machining table between the two X-axis slides; a clamping and positioning mechanism capable of longitudinal displacement along the Y-axis slide within the working area is mounted on the Y-axis slide; and a feeding and unloading mechanism is also included, comprising a base, a main frame, a guide chute, a material handling device, and... The system includes a receiving device; a base mounted on a processing table; a main frame vertically fixed to the base; an inclined guide trough with its lower end fixed to the top of the main frame and its upper end extending to the upper side of the main frame; a strip-shaped hole along the length of the guide trough extending from the upper end of the guide trough to the area above the top of the main frame for placing and conveying workpieces; a picking device and a receiving device are respectively installed on the side wall of the main frame and located on both sides of the guide trough; the picking device can transfer the workpiece in the strip-shaped hole at the lower end of the guide trough to the clamping and positioning mechanism in the working area of ​​the processing table for clamping and positioning, and then perform subsequent processing; the picking device can transfer the processed workpiece in the clamping and positioning mechanism to the receiving device for collection.

[0007] Furthermore, the material handling device includes a support plate, a guide plate, a longitudinal slider, an automatic telescopic rod one, a vertical slider, an automatic telescopic rod two, a material handling head, and a vacuum pump; the lower end of the support plate is fixed to the top side wall of the main frame, and the upper end extends to the top side of the main frame; one end of the guide plate is fixed to the top of the support plate, and the other end extends longitudinally to the side above the working area of ​​the processing table; the longitudinal slider is slidably mounted on the guide plate and can slide longitudinally along the guide plate to the side above the working area of ​​the processing table; the automatic telescopic rod one is longitudinally fixed to the guide plate and its extension... The retractable end is fixedly connected to the longitudinal slider; the vertical slider is slidably installed on the side of the longitudinal slider facing the top of the main frame and can slide vertically along the longitudinal slider; the automatic telescopic rod is vertically fixed to the top of the longitudinal slider, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical slider facing downward; the picking head is a hollow tube vertically fixed on the vertical slider, a suction cup is installed at the lower end of the picking head, the suction cup has a hole in the middle that communicates with the inside of the picking head, the upper end of the picking head is connected to the vacuum pump through a conduit, and the picking head can move with the longitudinal slider to directly above the clamping and positioning mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the receiving device includes a fixed block, a fixed groove plate, a movable groove plate, and an automatic telescopic rod three; the fixed block is fixedly installed on the other side of the main frame relative to the support plate; the fixed groove plate is a groove body with its opening facing downwards and fixed on the fixed block, with its upper end open and facing the material receiving device; the movable groove plate is a groove plate with its opening facing upwards and slidingly installed inside the fixed groove plate and inclined, with its lower end open and facing the fixed groove plate; the automatic telescopic rod three is installed on the side wall of the fixed groove plate, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable groove plate and can push one end of the movable groove plate to directly below the material receiving head.

[0009] Furthermore, the receiving device also includes a receiving frame, which is fixed to the side wall of the main frame and located directly below the fixing slot plate. The bottom of the receiving frame is an elastic metal mesh structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the integrated machine tool that integrates unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering functions also includes a rotary drive mechanism for driving the axial rotation of the clamping and positioning mechanism and a Z-axis lifting mechanism for driving the clamping and positioning mechanism to move up and down along the Z-axis.

[0011] The rotary drive mechanism includes a base plate, a reducer, a drive motor, and a rotary table. The base plate is positioned directly above the Y-axis slide table. The reducer is fixed to the top of the base plate, with its output shaft vertically upward. The drive motor is fixed to the base plate and connected to the input shaft of the reducer (via a coupling). The rotary table is horizontally positioned directly above the reducer, with its bottom fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer. The top of the rotary table is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping and positioning mechanism.

[0012] The Z-axis lifting mechanism includes a wedge block, a slider, a guide device, and an automatic telescopic rod. The wedge block is longitudinally fixed to the bottom of the base plate, and its lower surface is inclined. The upper end of the slider slides against the lower surface of the wedge block, and the lower end slides against the top of the Y-axis slide table, allowing the slider to move longitudinally along the inclined direction of the wedge block. There are four guide devices evenly installed at the four corners between the Y-axis slide table and the clamping and positioning mechanism. Each guide device includes a guide cylinder and a guide rod. The guide cylinder is vertically fixed to the top edge of the Y-axis slide table. The lower end of the guide rod is slidably fitted inside the guide cylinder, and the upper end is fixed to the bottom of the clamping and positioning mechanism. The automatic telescopic rod is a longitudinally arranged electric push rod that is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0013] The advantages of this invention over the prior art are as follows: (1) High integration: This invention integrates feeding, unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering into one, eliminating process turnover and improving processing efficiency; (2) Adaptive feeding and unloading: The present invention adopts an inclined guide trough and a strip hole to support continuous conveying of workpieces without interference, and is compatible with bolts and irregularly shaped parts with bolt-like structures; the picking device is linked by two axes (longitudinal slider + vertical slider), and the vacuum suction cup accurately picks up the workpiece to the clamping position with high precision. At the same time, the movable trough plate is extended and retracted to directly below the picking head under the drive of the telescopic rod to achieve "zero drop" workpiece transfer and avoid collisions; the elastic mesh structure of the receiving frame absorbs the impact and reduces the workpiece damage rate.

[0014] (3) Compact structure: The Z-axis lifting mechanism is adopted, and the lifting is achieved by the cooperation of the wedge block and the slider, which replaces the traditional lifting mechanism. The height space is greatly compressed, which is suitable for low workshop environment; moreover, the Y-axis slide can complete the processing of both sides of the workpiece by clamping the workpiece once and alternately passing through each pair of tools. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated machine tool described in this invention, which integrates unloading, drilling, deburring, and chamfering functions.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated machine tool described in this invention, which integrates feeding, unloading, drilling, deburring, and chamfering functions, from another perspective.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the processing table described in this invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the X-axis slide, Y-axis slide, clamping and positioning mechanism, rotary drive mechanism and Z-axis lifting mechanism described in this invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the clamping and positioning mechanism, the rotary drive mechanism, and the Z-axis lifting mechanism described in this invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the clamping and positioning mechanism and the rotary drive mechanism described in this invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the Z-axis lifting mechanism described in this invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding and unloading mechanism described in this invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding and unloading mechanism described in this invention from another perspective.

[0025] The diagram shows: 1-Machining table, 2-X-axis slide, 3-Y-axis slide, 4-Clamping and positioning mechanism, 5-Rotary drive mechanism, 51-Base plate, 52-Reducer, 53-Drive motor, 54-Rotary table, 6-Z-axis lifting mechanism, 61-Wedge block, 62-Slider, 63-Guide tube, 64-Guide rod, 65-Automatic telescopic rod four, 7-Feeding and unloading mechanism, 71-Base, 72-Main frame, 73-Guide trough, 74-Support plate, 75-Guide plate, 76-Longitudinal slider, 77-Automatic telescopic rod one, 78-Vertical slider, 79-Automatic telescopic rod two, 710-Material pick-up head, 711-Fixing block, 712-Fixing groove plate, 713-Moving groove plate, 714-Automatic telescopic rod three, 715-Receiving frame, 8-Machining unit, 9-Spindle, 10-Guide rail, 11-Ball screw linear driver. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings of this specification are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives achieved by the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated machine tool that integrates feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering functions, including a machine tool housing and the following components installed in the machine tool housing: a processing table 1, two X-axis slides 2, a Y-axis slide 3, a clamping and positioning mechanism 4, a rotary drive mechanism 5, a Z-axis lifting mechanism 6, and a feeding and unloading mechanism 7.

[0030] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the machining table 1 serves as the support and mounting base for the machine tool, with its central section being the working area. Two sets of guide rails 10 are symmetrically mounted laterally along the X-axis (horizontal plane, left-right direction) on the machining table 1, located on the left and right sides of the working area. Simultaneously, a set of guide rails 10 is longitudinally mounted along the Y-axis (horizontal plane, front-back direction) within the working area of ​​the machining table 1. Each set of guide rails 10 consists of two parallel tracks, each with a T-shaped or I-shaped cross-section. A ball screw linear actuator 11 is installed between each set of guide rails 10. The ball screw of the linear actuator 11 is rotatably mounted between the two tracks of each set of guide rails and is parallel to these tracks. The motor of the ball screw linear actuator 11 is mounted on the machining table and coaxially connected to the ball screw via a coupling, driving the ball screw to rotate. A ball nut is threaded onto the ball screw. All ball screw linear actuators 11 are equipped with protective covers.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the two X-axis slides 2 are symmetrically arranged on the machining table 1 and can move laterally (left and right) along the X-axis direction. The two X-axis slides 2 are slidably mounted on the machining table 1 along the X-axis direction through the preset slide grooves at their bottoms, and can move linearly along the guide rails 10 on the machining table 1 under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 11 preset between their respective guide rails 10. The bottom of the X-axis slide 2 is fixedly connected to the ball nut in the ball screw linear driver 11 below it. A machining unit 8 is installed on each X-axis slide 2. Three spindles 9 with cutting tools are installed on the inner sides of two opposite machining units 8. That is, three pairs of spindles 9 are coaxially arranged on both sides of the working area. The cutting tools of each pair of spindles 9 are also coaxially aligned. The machining unit 8 includes a housing and a motor installed on the X-axis slide 2. The spindles 9 are rotatably installed in the housing. The other ends of the three spindles 9 extend out of the housing and are equipped with multi-wedge pulleys. The three spindles are linked with the multi-wedge pulleys preset on the motor shaft through belts. The three spindles 9 rotate under the drive of the motor. The cutting tools of one pair of spindles 9 (designated as cutting tool A) are used to drill holes in both directions at the head of the workpiece. The cutting tools of another pair of spindles 9 (designated as cutting tool B) are used to deburr the head of the workpiece and the drilled hole. The cutting tools of the remaining pair of spindles 9 (designated as cutting tool C) are used to chamfer the head of the workpiece.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the Y-axis slide 3 is longitudinally arranged between two X-axis slides 2. The Y-axis slide 3 is slidably mounted on the machining table 1 along the Y-axis direction via a pre-set groove at its bottom. Driven by a ball screw linear actuator 11 pre-set between the guide rails 10, it can move linearly (horizontally forward and backward) along the guide rail 10 on the machining table 1. The bottom of the Y-axis slide 3 is fixedly connected to the ball nut in the ball screw linear actuator 11 below it.

[0033] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 is installed above the Y-axis slide 3 and can move longitudinally with the Y-axis slide 3 in the working area of ​​the machining table. The clamping and positioning mechanism 4 uses a standard chuck commonly used in machine tool processing to clamp and position the workpiece, ensuring machining accuracy.

[0034] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the rotary drive mechanism 5 is used to drive the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 to rotate axially, meeting the needs of multi-angle processing. The rotary drive mechanism 5 includes a base plate 51, a reducer 52, a drive motor 53, and a rotary table 54. The base plate 51 is located directly above the Y-axis slide table 3. The reducer 52 is fixed on the top of the base plate 51, with its output shaft (output end) vertically upward and its input shaft (input end) horizontally. The drive motor 53 is fixed on the base plate 51 and connected to the input shaft of the reducer 52 (through a coupling). The rotary table 54 is horizontally located directly above the reducer 52, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer 52. The top of the rotary table 54 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping and positioning mechanism 4. The rotary table 54 can rotate above the reducer 52 under the drive of the drive motor 53, thereby driving the clamping and positioning mechanism 5 and the workpiece clamped inside to rotate axially.

[0035] like Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the Z-axis lifting mechanism 6 is used to drive the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 to move up and down along the Z-axis to adapt to different machining heights. The Z-axis lifting mechanism 6 includes a wedge block 61, a slider 62, a guide device, and an automatic telescopic rod 65. The wedge block 61 is longitudinally fixed to the bottom of the base plate 51, and its lower surface is inclined. The inclined surface design converts the horizontal thrust into vertical displacement. The upper end of the slider 62 slides with the lower surface of the wedge block 61, and the lower end of the slider 62 slides with the top of the Y-axis slide table 3. The slider 62 can move longitudinally along the inclined direction of the wedge block 61, pushing the base plate 51 up and down. The guide devices are four in number and evenly installed at the four corners between the Y-axis slide 3 and the clamping and positioning mechanism 4. Each guide device includes a guide cylinder 63 and a guide rod 64. The guide cylinder 63 is vertically fixed to the top edge of the Y-axis slide 3. The lower end of the guide rod 64 is slidably sleeved inside the guide cylinder 63, and the upper end is fixed to the bottom of the clamping and positioning mechanism 4. The automatic telescopic rod 65 is a longitudinally arranged electric push rod fixedly connected to the slider 62, used to push the slider 62 to move along the inclined surface at the bottom of the wedge block 61, thereby causing the base plate 51 and the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 on top to move up and down. A buffer spring located below the guide rod 64 is also installed in the guide cylinder 63 of each guide device.

[0036] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the feeding and unloading mechanism includes a base 71, a main frame 72, a guide trough 73, a material picking device, and a material receiving device.

[0037] The base 71 is installed on the processing table 1 and serves as the support base for the unloading mechanism.

[0038] The main frame 72 is vertically fixed on the base 71 to raise the height of the main components of the feeding and unloading mechanism 7, and also serves as the mounting base.

[0039] The guide trough 73 is inclined, with its lower end fixed to the top of the main frame 72 and its upper end extending to the upper side of the main frame 72. A strip-shaped hole is formed along the length of the guide trough 73, extending from its upper end to the area above the top of the main frame 72, for placing and conveying workpieces. The guide trough 73 consists of two inclined, parallel plates. The bottom of the two parallel plates is fixed to the main frame 72 with bolts, and their upper ends are connected by a single plate. The distance between the two plates is adjustable (i.e., by adjusting the position of their lower ends fixed to the main frame 72 and by replacing the upper plates for connection) to accommodate workpieces of different sizes.

[0040] The material picking device and the material receiving device are respectively installed on the side wall of the main frame 72 and located on both sides of the guide groove 73. The material picking device can transfer the workpiece in the strip hole at the lower end of the guide groove 73 to the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 in the working area of ​​the processing table 1 for clamping and positioning, and then perform subsequent processing. The material picking device can transfer the workpiece processed in the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 to the material receiving device for collection.

[0041] The material handling device includes a support plate 74, a guide plate 75, a longitudinal slider 76, an automatic telescopic rod 77, a vertical slider 78, an automatic telescopic rod 79, a material handling head 710, and a vacuum pump. The lower end of the support plate 74 is fixed to the top side wall of the main frame 72, and the upper end extends to the top side of the main frame 72. One end of the guide plate 75 is fixed to the top of the support plate 74, and the other end extends longitudinally to the side above the working area of ​​the processing table 1. The longitudinal slider 76 (through the cooperation of the slide groove and the guide rail) is slidably mounted on the guide plate 75 and can slide longitudinally along the guide plate 75 to the side above the working area of ​​the processing table 1. The automatic telescopic rod 77 is longitudinally fixed on the guide plate 75 (the end away from the working area), and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the longitudinal slider 76, which can drive the longitudinal slider. 76 moves back and forth longitudinally along the guide plate 75; the vertical slider 78 (through the cooperation of the slide groove and the guide rail) is slidably installed on the side of the longitudinal slider 76 facing the top of the main frame 72 and can slide vertically along the longitudinal slider 76; the automatic telescopic rod 79 is vertically fixed on the top of the longitudinal slider 76, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical slider 78 facing downward, and can drive the vertical slider 78 to move up and down along the longitudinal slider 76; the picking head 710 is a hollow tube vertically fixed on the vertical slider 78, a suction cup is installed at the lower end of the picking head 710, the middle of the suction cup is provided with a hole communicating with the inside of the picking head 710, the upper end of the picking head 710 is connected to the vacuum pump through a conduit, and the picking head 710 can move with the longitudinal slider 76 to directly above the clamping and positioning mechanism 4.

[0042] The receiving device includes a fixed block 711, a fixed groove plate 712, a movable groove plate 713, and an automatic telescopic rod 714. The fixed block 711 is fixedly installed on the other side of the main frame 72 relative to the support plate 74. The fixed groove plate 712 is a groove with its opening facing downwards, which is fixedly fixed to the fixed block 711. Its upper end is open and faces the receiving device, and its lower end is closed and extends out of the fixed block 711 away from the receiving device. The movable groove plate 713 is a groove plate with its opening facing upwards, which is slidably installed in the fixed groove plate 712 and is inclined. Its lower end is open and faces the fixed groove plate 712. The automatic telescopic rod 714 is installed on the side wall of the fixed groove plate 712. Its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable groove plate 713 and can push one end of the movable groove plate 713 to directly below the receiving head 710. The receiving device also includes a receiving frame 715, which is fixed to the side wall of the main frame 72 and located directly below the fixing slot plate 712. The bottom of the receiving frame 715 is an elastic metal mesh structure. The automatic telescopic rods 77, 79, and 714 are all cylinders or electric push rods. Working principle:

[0043] Taking bolt machining as an example, the machining steps are as follows: S1. Place the shank of the bolt into the strip hole of the guide groove 73, with the head of the bolt above the guide groove 73. The diameter of the bolt head is larger than the width of the strip hole. Slide the bolt along the strip hole to the area above the top of the main frame 72 and directly below the bottom suction cup of the picking head 710.

[0044] S2. Turn on the power and start all the motors of the machine tool to make the spindle 9 rotate. At the same time, the two X-axis slides 2 move to the left and right respectively under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, away from the clamping and positioning mechanism 4. The Y-axis slide 3 drives the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 to move to the designated position under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, so that the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 is located between the tools A.

[0045] S3. Start the automatic telescopic rod 79, so that its telescopic end extends and pushes the vertical slider 78 and the picking head 710 to move down along the longitudinal slider 76. The suction cup at the bottom of the picking head 710 contacts the upper surface of the bolt head. The automatic telescopic rod 79 stops, and at the same time the vacuum pump starts and pumps air to generate negative air pressure in the suction cup, thereby firmly sucking the bolt to be lifted to its bottom.

[0046] S4. Restart the automatic telescopic rod 79, shorten its telescopic end and pull the vertical slider 78, the material pick-up head 710 and the bolt to a certain height, then stop the automatic telescopic rod 79.

[0047] S5. Start the automatic telescopic rod 77. The telescopic end of the automatic telescopic rod 77 extends and pushes the longitudinal slider 76 and the vertical slider 78 on it, along with the material pick-up head 710 and the bolt, to slide longitudinally along the guide plate 75 to the working area above the processing table 1, so that the shank of the bolt is located directly above the clamping and positioning mechanism 4, and the automatic telescopic rod 77 stops.

[0048] S6. Start the automatic telescopic rod 79, which extends its telescopic end to push the vertical slider 78, the material picker head 710, and the bolt downwards. After the bolt shank is inserted into the center of the clamping and positioning mechanism 4, the automatic telescopic rod 79 stops. At the same time, the vacuum pump smoothly fills the suction cup with air, changing the negative air pressure in the suction cup to zero air pressure or slightly positive air pressure. The material picker head 710 (suction cup) then disengages from the bolt.

[0049] S7. Restart the automatic telescopic rod 79, shorten its telescopic end to push the vertical slider 78 and the material pick-up head 710 to move up to directly above the clamping and positioning mechanism 4, and stop the automatic telescopic rod 79.

[0050] S8. Start the automatic telescopic rod 65 of the Z-axis lifting mechanism 6. With the cooperation of the slider 62 and the wedge block 61, the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 drives the bolt to move up and down. After the position of the hole to be drilled on the side of the bolt head is between the cutting tools A of the two processing units 8, the automatic telescopic rod 65 of the Z-axis lifting mechanism 6 stops.

[0051] S9. The two X-axis slides 2 are driven by the ball screw linear driver 10 to approach the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 respectively, so that the tool A, which is located on both sides of the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 and rotates at high speed, drills holes toward the side wall of the bolt head.

[0052] S10. After drilling is completed, the two X-axis slides 2 move to the left and right again under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, moving away from the clamping and positioning mechanism 4. The Y-axis slide 3 drives the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 to move to the next machining position under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, so that the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 is located between the tools B.

[0053] S11. The two X-axis slides 2 are driven by the ball screw linear driver 10 to approach the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 respectively, so that the tool B located on both sides of the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 and rotating at high speed moves toward the drilling hole on the side wall of the bolt head to perform the deburring operation of the drilling.

[0054] S12. After deburring is completed, the two X-axis slides 2 move to the left and right again under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, moving away from the clamping and positioning mechanism 4. The Y-axis slide 3 drives the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 to move to the next processing position under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, so that the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 is located between the tools C.

[0055] S13. Start the Z-axis lifting mechanism 6. Using the cooperation of the slider 62 and the wedge block 61, the base plate 51 drives the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 and the bolt to move upward. After the edge of the top of the bolt (located above the drill hole) is aligned between the tools C of the two processing units, the automatic telescopic rod 65 of the Z-axis lifting mechanism 6 stops.

[0056] S14. Start the drive motor 53 of the rotary drive mechanism 5. The drive motor 53 drives the rotary table 54 and the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 and bolts to rotate through the reducer 52.

[0057] S15. The two X-axis slides 2 are driven by the ball screw linear driver 10 to approach the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 respectively, so that the cutting tool C located on both sides of the clamping and positioning mechanism and rotating at high speed moves towards the edge of the top of the bolt to perform chamfering.

[0058] S16. After the chamfering is completed, the drive motor 53 of the rotary drive mechanism 5 stops, and the two X-axis slides 2 move to the left and right again under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, moving away from the clamping and positioning mechanism 4. The Y-axis slide 3 drives the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 to move to the initial machining position under the drive of the ball screw linear driver 10, so that the clamping and positioning mechanism 4 is repositioned between the tools A.

[0059] S17. Start the automatic telescopic rod 79, so that its telescopic end extends and pushes the vertical slider 78 and the picking head 710 downward. The suction cup at the bottom of the picking head 710 contacts the upper surface of the processed bolt head. The automatic telescopic rod 79 stops, and at the same time the vacuum pump starts and pumps air to generate negative air pressure in the suction cup, thereby firmly sucking the bolt to be lifted to its bottom.

[0060] S18. Restart the automatic telescopic rod 79, shorten its telescopic end and pull the vertical slider 78, the material pick-up head 710 and the bolt to a certain height, then stop the automatic telescopic rod 79.

[0061] S19. Start the automatic telescopic rod 77. The telescopic end of the automatic telescopic rod 77 shortens and pulls the longitudinal slider 76 and the vertical slider 78, the material picker head 710 and the bolt on it to slide longitudinally along the guide plate 75 to the initial material picker position. Then the automatic telescopic rod 77 stops.

[0062] S20. Activate the automatic telescopic rod 714. The extension of the automatic telescopic rod 714 pushes the movable slot plate 713 of the receiving device to move directly below the sampling head 710 and its bottom bolt. The automatic telescopic rod 714 then stops. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump smoothly fills the suction cup with air, changing the negative pressure inside the suction cup to zero pressure or slightly positive pressure. The bolt detaches from the suction cup, falls onto the movable slot plate 713, and slides down along the movable slot plate 713 into the receiving frame 715.

[0063] S21. Start the automatic telescopic rod 714. The telescopic rod 714 extends and retracts, pulling the movable trough plate 713 of the receiving device away from directly below the sampling head 710 and moving it to the initial position. The automatic telescopic rod 714 stops, completing one bolt processing cycle.

[0064] For subsequent bolt processing, steps S3-S21 are repeated continuously.

[0065] Other aspects of this invention that are not detailed herein are all conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art.

[0066] It should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0067] The scope of protection of this invention is not limited to the technical solutions disclosed in the specific embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An integrated machine tool for unloading, drilling, deburring, and chamfering, comprising a machining table with a central working area; two X-axis slides capable of lateral displacement mounted on the machining table, each X-axis slide having a machining unit mounted thereon, and multiple spindles with cutting tools mounted on the inner sides of the two machining units facing each other, the spindles of the two machining units being arranged coaxially in pairs on both sides of the working area; a Y-axis slide capable of longitudinal displacement mounted on the machining table between the two X-axis slides; and a clamping and positioning mechanism capable of longitudinal displacement within the working area along with the Y-axis slide mounted on the Y-axis slide; characterized in that... : It also includes a feeding and unloading mechanism, which comprises a base, a main frame, a guide trough, a picking device, and a receiving device. The base is mounted on the processing table. The main frame is vertically fixed on the base. The guide trough is inclined, with its lower end fixed to the top of the main frame and its upper end extending to the upper side of the main frame. The guide trough has a strip-shaped hole along its length, which extends from the upper end of the guide trough to the area above the top of the main frame for placing and conveying workpieces. The picking device and the receiving device are respectively installed on the side wall of the main frame and located on both sides of the guide trough. The picking device can transfer the workpiece in the strip-shaped hole at the lower end of the guide trough to the clamping and positioning mechanism in the working area of ​​the processing table for clamping and positioning, and then perform subsequent processing. The picking device can transfer the processed workpiece in the clamping and positioning mechanism to the receiving device for collection.

2. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The material handling device includes a support plate, a guide plate, a longitudinal slider, an automatic telescopic rod one, a vertical slider, an automatic telescopic rod two, a material handling head, and a vacuum pump. The lower end of the support plate is fixed to the top side wall of the main frame, and the upper end extends to the top side of the main frame. One end of the guide plate is fixed to the top of the support plate, and the other end extends longitudinally to the upper side of the processing table's working area. The longitudinal slider is slidably mounted on the guide plate and can slide longitudinally along the guide plate to the upper side of the processing table's working area. The automatic telescopic rod one is longitudinally fixed to the guide plate, and its telescopic end is connected to... The longitudinal slider is fixedly connected; the vertical slider is slidably installed on the side of the longitudinal slider facing the top of the main frame and can slide vertically along the longitudinal slider; the automatic telescopic rod is vertically fixed to the top of the longitudinal slider, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the top of the vertical slider with its downward facing end; the material picking head is a hollow tube fixed vertically on the vertical slider, and a suction cup is installed at the lower end of the material picking head. The suction cup has a hole in the middle that communicates with the inside of the material picking head. The upper end of the material picking head is connected to the vacuum pump through a conduit. The material picking head can move with the longitudinal slider to the top of the clamping and positioning mechanism.

3. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring, and chamfering as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The receiving device includes a fixed block, a fixed slot plate, a movable slot plate, and an automatic telescopic rod. The fixed block is fixedly installed on the other side of the main frame relative to the support plate. The fixed slot plate is a slot body with its opening facing downwards and fixed to the fixed block, with its upper end open and facing the material receiving device. The movable slot plate is a slot plate with its opening facing upwards and slidingly installed inside the fixed slot plate, with its lower end open and facing the fixed slot plate. The automatic telescopic rod is installed on the side wall of the fixed slot plate, and its telescopic end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable slot plate and can push one end of the movable slot plate to directly below the material receiving head.

4. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The receiving device also includes a receiving frame, which is fixed to the side wall of the main frame and located directly below the fixing slot plate. The bottom of the receiving frame is an elastic metal mesh structure.

5. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The automatic telescopic rod one, automatic telescopic rod two, and automatic telescopic rod three are cylinders or electric push rods.

6. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and positioning mechanism is a chuck.

7. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both the X-axis slide and the Y-axis slide are slidably mounted on the machining table via two parallel guide rails pre-installed on the machining table. Both the X-axis slide and the Y-axis slide move linearly on the machining table under the drive of the ball screw linear driver pre-installed on the machining table. The bottom of the X-axis slide and the bottom of the Y-axis slide are respectively fixedly connected to the ball nuts in the ball screw linear driver.

8. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Three spindles with cutting tools are mounted on the inner sides of the two processing units respectively. That is, three pairs of spindles are coaxially arranged on both sides of the working area, and the cutting tools of each pair of spindles are also coaxially aligned. One pair of spindles is used to drill holes in both directions at the head of the workpiece, another pair of spindles is used to deburr the head of the workpiece and the drilled holes, and the remaining pair of spindles is used to chamfer the head of the workpiece.

9. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in claim 8, characterized in that... It also includes a rotary drive mechanism and a Z-axis lifting mechanism; The rotary drive mechanism includes a base plate, a reducer, a drive motor, and a rotary table. The base plate is positioned directly above the Y-axis slide table. The reducer is fixed to the top of the base plate, with its output shaft vertically upward. The drive motor is fixed to the base plate and connected to the input shaft of the reducer. The rotary table is horizontally positioned directly above the reducer, with its bottom fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer, and its top fixedly connected to the bottom of the clamping and positioning mechanism. The Z-axis lifting mechanism includes a wedge block, a slider, a guide device, and an automatic telescopic rod. The wedge block is longitudinally fixed to the bottom of the base plate, and its lower surface is inclined. The upper end of the slider slides against the lower surface of the wedge block, and the lower end slides against the top of the Y-axis slide table, allowing the slider to move longitudinally along the inclined direction of the wedge block. There are four guide devices evenly installed at the four corners between the Y-axis slide table and the clamping and positioning mechanism. Each guide device includes a guide cylinder and a guide rod. The guide cylinder is vertically fixed to the top edge of the Y-axis slide table. The lower end of the guide rod is slidably fitted inside the guide cylinder, and the upper end is fixed to the bottom of the clamping and positioning mechanism. The automatic telescopic rod is a longitudinally arranged electric push rod that is fixedly connected to the slider.

10. The integrated machine tool with functions of feeding and unloading, drilling, deburring and chamfering as described in claim 9, characterized in that... A buffer spring located below the guide rod is also installed inside the guide cylinder of each guide device.

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