Textile sound-absorbing material based on nanofiber composite and continuous production equipment thereof

Abstract

The application provides a kind of textile sound-absorbing material based on nanofiber composite and continuous production equipment, it is related to textile functional material technical field, comprising: sound-absorbing cloth, the sound-absorbing cloth is composed of bottom cloth, middle cloth and surface cloth hot pressing;Bottom cloth uses regenerated polyester fiber, additive is 5-8wt% low melting point polyester fiber, adopts plasma surface etching, impregnates 0.5-1wt% silane coupling agent solution;Middle cloth uses polyvinylidene fluoride, additive is 10-15wt% nanometer silicon dioxide and N,N-dimethylformamide / acetone mixed solvent;Surface cloth uses polylactic acid, additive is 3-5wt% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and trichloromethane / dioxane mixed solvent;Continuous production equipment integrates cleaning, drying, hot pressing and winding function, realizes material flat treatment through staggered design of front and rear pressure rollers, reciprocating combing structure of take-up device ensures uniform winding, improves production efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of textile functional materials, in particular to a textile sound-absorbing material based on nanofiber composite and a continuous production equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Textile sound-absorbing materials are widely used in noise control fields due to their light weight and easy processing, but the existing products have the following core defects:

[0003] Limited sound absorption frequency band: traditional materials (such as glass wool and polyester fiber felt) mainly rely on single pore structure, and only have good absorption effect on medium and high frequency sound waves (1000-4000 Hz), and the absorption coefficient of low frequency sound waves (125-500 Hz) is generally lower than 0.3, which cannot meet the demand of wide frequency noise reduction;

[0004] Weak mechanical properties: although the pure nanofiber sound-absorbing layer has large specific surface area and rich pores, the tensile strength is less than 10 MPa, which is easy to be damaged during processing or use, and needs to rely on the support of the substrate, and the traditional substrate (such as ordinary non-woven fabric) has poor bonding force with the nanofiber layer, which is easy to delaminate;

[0005] Single function and poor environmental protection: most products only have sound absorption function, lack of additional properties such as antibacterial and aging resistance, and some materials (such as sound-absorbing cotton containing formaldehyde adhesive) have the risk of releasing harmful substances, which does not meet the green and environmental protection trend;

[0006] Complex preparation process: the existing composite sound-absorbing materials mostly use adhesive bonding process, which not only increases the production cost, but also easily blocks the pores of nanofiber, resulting in the decrease of sound absorption performance.

[0007] The processing of the spinning step is complicated, inconvenient for quick cleaning and drying, and winding.

[0008] Although there are attempts to composite nanofiber and textile substrate in the prior art, the pore structure is not designed according to the sound wave propagation characteristics, and the interface bonding problem between the substrate and the nanofiber layer is not solved, so it is still impossible to balance wide frequency sound absorption and high practicality. SUMMARY

[0009] Therefore, the present application provides a textile sound-absorbing material based on nanofiber composite and a continuous production equipment, which realizes the synergy of wide frequency band (125-4000 Hz) high-efficiency sound absorption, high mechanical strength and antibacterial property through the three-layer composite structure of "modified substrate + gradient pore nanofiber layer + antibacterial functional layer", combined with innovative preparation process, and simplifies the process and improves environmental protection.

[0010] The application provides a textile sound-absorbing material based on nanofiber composite and a continuous production equipment, and specifically comprises: sound-absorbing cloth, which is composed of a bottom layer cloth, a middle layer cloth and a surface layer cloth by hot pressing;

[0011] The bottom layer cloth is made of regenerated polyester fiber, and the additive is 5-8wt% low-melting-point polyester fiber (melting point 110-130℃), which is etched by plasma surface and immersed in 0.5-1wt% silane coupling agent (KH-550) solution;

[0012] The middle layer cloth is made of polyvinylidene fluoride, and the additive is 10-15wt% nanosilica and N,N-dimethylformamide / acetone mixed solvent (volume ratio 7:3);

[0013] The surface layer cloth is made of polylactic acid, and the additive is 3-5wt% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and trichloromethane / dioxane mixed solvent (volume ratio 6:4).

[0014] Optionally, the middle layer cloth is a gradient-pore nanofiber sound-absorbing layer (thickness 1.5-2.5mm), which increases the variable-pore structure and innovatively increases the key control parameter dimension; by flexibly adjusting the pore size and distribution density, the structure can accurately adapt to the acoustic characteristics of different frequency bands, effectively optimize the interface impedance matching effect when sound energy is incident, greatly widen the sound-absorbing frequency band range, and significantly improve the sound-absorbing performance stability and adaptability in complex sound field environment, providing a more flexible and efficient solution for acoustic regulation.

[0015] Optionally, the bottom layer cloth is a modified regenerated polyester non-woven cloth support layer (thickness 1-1.5mm).

[0016] Optionally, the surface layer cloth is an antibacterial nanofiber functional layer (thickness 0.5-1mm), with a pore size of 300-400nm and a porosity of 80-85%.

[0017] Optionally, a water inlet pipe is connected and arranged above the front end of the treatment equipment, and a water outlet pipe is connected and arranged below the front end of the treatment equipment; an intermediate partition is integrally arranged below the inside of the treatment equipment; seven groups of bearing rollers are rotatably arranged at the top of the treatment equipment; the top of the treatment equipment is provided with notch structures at the front end and the rear end; support frames are fixedly arranged above both sides of the treatment equipment.

[0018] Optionally, the middle of the support frame is fixedly provided with an electric cylinder, the telescopic end of the two groups of electric cylinders is fixedly provided with a top plate, the bottom of the top plate is fixedly provided with four groups of guide rods, the guide rods are slidably connected with the support frame, three groups of front pressing rollers are rotatably arranged on the front side of the bottom of the top plate, three groups of rear pressing rollers are rotatably arranged on the rear side of the bottom of the top plate, the rear pressing rollers are higher than the front pressing rollers, the positions of the front pressing rollers and the rear pressing rollers are staggered with the position of the bearing roller, a circular hole is formed in the rear side of the processing equipment, a motor frame is fixedly arranged on the front side of the circular hole, an air extraction motor is fixedly arranged on the front side of the motor frame, an air extraction fan is fixedly arranged on the shaft end of the motor frame, and a grid heater is fixedly arranged in the middle of the rear side of the processing equipment.

[0019] Optionally, the top of the take-up device is integrally provided with two groups of bearing frames at the front ends of the two sides, the top of the take-up device is hingedly provided with a buckle cover, a linkage shaft is rotatably arranged on the outside of the left bearing frame, a sliding seat is fixedly arranged on the middle of the top rear side of the take-up device, a transmission frame is slidably arranged on the front side of the sliding seat, a transmission motor is fixedly arranged on the top left rear side of the take-up device, a transmission shaft is rotatably arranged on the top left rear side of the take-up device, a speed reducer is arranged in transmission connection between the transmission motor and the transmission shaft, two groups of swing connecting rods are hingedly arranged on the top of the take-up device, a driven gear is fixedly arranged on the top of the rear shaft of the swing connecting rod, the swing connecting rod is coaxially fixed with the driven gear, a hinged seat is hingedly arranged on the front ends of the two groups of swing connecting rods, the two groups of swing connecting rods are parallel, a transmission disc is rotatably arranged on the top rear side of the take-up device, and a swing rod is fixedly arranged on the top of the transmission disc; the bottom of the transmission disc is a bevel gear structure, a bevel gear is arranged on the right end of the transmission shaft and engaged with the bevel gear structure of the transmission disc; synchronous belt transmission connection is arranged between the transmission shaft and the linkage shaft; a winding wheel is arranged between the bearing frame and the buckle cover.

[0020] Optionally, the middle of the winding wheel is provided with a wire positioning hole, the two ends of the winding wheel are rotatably provided with bearing sleeves outside the bearings, the middle of the outside of the bearing sleeve is integrally provided with a flange, a clamping groove matched with the flange is arranged between the bearing frame and the buckle cover; one end of the winding wheel is in gear transmission connection with the linkage shaft.

[0021] Optionally, the front side of the transmission frame is integrally provided with a control rack, the control rack is engaged with the two groups of driven gears.

[0022] Optionally, the front end of the hinged seat is fixedly provided with a wire comb; the wire comb is a U-shaped frame structure, a lower roller is rotatably arranged on the middle of the bottom of the wire comb, and side rollers are rotatably arranged on the front and rear ends of the wire comb.

[0023] The beneficial effects are as follows:

[0024] Synergistic optimization of acoustic performance and function: The mid-layer gradient porous nanofiber structure (200-1000nm pore size gradient) achieves high-efficiency sound absorption in a wide frequency range of 125-4000Hz, and the low-frequency (125Hz) sound absorption coefficient is improved to 0.42-0.48, solving the problem of insufficient low-frequency absorption of traditional materials; at the same time, the surface antibacterial nanofiber layer (chitosan quaternary ammonium salt modified) gives the material an antibacterial rate of ≥99%, achieving synergy between sound absorption and antibacterial functions without affecting acoustic performance.

[0025] Balancing mechanical enhancement with environmental friendliness: The bottom layer uses plasma-etched recycled polyester nonwoven fabric modified with silane coupling agent, combined with low-melting-point fiber hot pressing process, which improves performance by 40-60% compared with traditional nanofiber composite materials; the three-layer structure achieves adhesive-free bonding through hot pressing composite, avoiding pore blockage, and the surface polylactic acid material is biodegradable with formaldehyde release ≤0.01mg / m³, which is in line with the green and environmentally friendly trend.

[0026] Highly efficient and flexible in application: The continuous production equipment integrates cleaning, drying, hot pressing and winding functions. The staggered design of the front and rear pressure rollers achieves material flattening, and the reciprocating combing structure of the take-up coil ensures uniform winding. The production efficiency is 30-50% higher than that of traditional processes. The material is lightweight (area density 150-200g / m²) and has good flexibility (bending radius ≤5cm), which can be adapted to the noise reduction needs of various scenarios such as construction and automobiles, and has a service life of 5-8 years. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the preparation process structure in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the sound-absorbing fabric in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0029] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0030] Figure 4 A three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the processing device in an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0031] Figure 5 An embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 Another structural diagram from a different angle;

[0032] Figure 6 A side sectional view of the processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the take-up device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 8Another angle structure diagram of the embodiment in the application is shown. Figure 7 Another angle structure diagram of the embodiment in the application is shown.

[0035] Figure 9 A perspective structure diagram of the winding wheel in the embodiment in the application is shown.

[0036] List of reference signs:

[0037] 1, sound-absorbing cloth; 101, bottom cloth; 102, middle cloth; 103, surface cloth; 2, processing equipment; 201, water inlet pipe; 202, water outlet pipe; 203, intermediate partition; 204, bearing roller; 3, support frame; 301, electric cylinder; 302, top plate; 303, guide rod; 304, front pressing roller; 305, rear pressing roller; 4, motor frame; 401, air extraction motor; 402, air extraction fan; 5, heater; 6, take-up device; 601, bearing frame; 602, buckle cover; 603, linkage shaft; 604, sliding seat; 605, transmission motor; 606, transmission shaft; 607, swing connecting rod; 608, driven gear; 609, hinged seat; 610, transmission wheel disc; 611, swing rod; 7, winding wheel; 701, wire fixing hole; 702, bearing sleeve; 8, transmission frame; 801, control rack; 9, wire comb; 901, lower roller; 902, side roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, scheme and advantages of the technical scheme of the application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the specific embodiment of the application.

[0039] Embodiment one: please refer to the drawings in the specification, Figures 1 to 9 as shown:

[0040] The application provides a textile sound-absorbing material based on nanofiber composite and a continuous production equipment, which comprises a sound-absorbing cloth 1, wherein the sound-absorbing cloth 1 is composed of a bottom cloth 101, a middle cloth 102 and a surface cloth 103.

[0041] The water inlet pipe 201 is connected to the front end of the processing equipment 2, the water outlet pipe 202 is connected to the lower front end of the processing equipment 2, the intermediate partition 203 is integrally arranged at the lower part of the processing equipment 2, the seven bearing rollers 204 are rotatably arranged at the middle of the top of the processing equipment 2, the top of the processing equipment 2 is provided with a notch structure, and the support frames 3 are fixedly arranged at the upper parts of the two sides of the processing equipment 2.

[0042] The middle of the support frame 3 is fixedly provided with an electric cylinder 301, the telescopic ends of the two groups of electric cylinders 301 are fixedly provided with a top plate 302, the bottom sides of the top plate 302 are fixedly provided with four groups of guide rods 303, the guide rods 303 are slidingly connected with the support frame 3; the front side of the bottom of the top plate 302 is rotatably provided with three groups of front pressing rollers 304, the rear side of the bottom of the top plate 302 is rotatably provided with three groups of rear pressing rollers 305, the rear pressing rollers 305 are higher than the front pressing rollers 304; the positions of the front pressing rollers 304 and the rear pressing rollers 305 are staggered with the position of the bearing rotating roller 204; a circular hole is formed in the lower rear side of the processing equipment 2, a motor frame 4 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the circular hole, an air extraction motor 401 is fixedly arranged on the front side of the motor frame 4, and an air extraction fan 402 is fixedly arranged on the shaft end of the motor frame 4; a grid type heater 5 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inner rear side of the processing equipment 2.

[0043] The top sides of the two groups of bearing frames 601 are integrally provided with two groups of bearing frames 601, and the top of the winding device 6 is hingedly provided with a buckle cover 602; the outer side of the left bearing frame 601 is rotatably provided with a linkage shaft 603; the top rear side of the winding device 6 is fixedly provided with a sliding seat 604, and the front side of the sliding seat 604 is slidingly provided with a transmission frame 8; the top left rear side of the winding device 6 is fixedly provided with a transmission motor 605, and the top left rear side of the winding device 6 is rotatably provided with a transmission shaft 606; a speed reducer is arranged between the transmission motor 605 and the transmission shaft 606 in a transmission connection mode; the top of the winding device 6 is hingedly provided with two groups of swing connecting rods 607, the rear side pivot shaft top of the swing connecting rod 607 is fixedly provided with a driven gear 608, and the swing connecting rod 607 is coaxially fixed with the driven gear 608; the front ends of the two groups of swing connecting rods 607 are hingedly provided with a hinged seat 609, and the two groups of swing connecting rods 607 are parallel; the top rear side of the winding device 6 is rotatably provided with a transmission wheel disc 610, and the top of the transmission wheel disc 610 is fixedly provided with a swing rod 611; the bottom of the transmission wheel disc 610 is a bevel gear structure, a bevel gear is arranged at the right end of the transmission shaft 606 and meshes with the bevel gear structure of the transmission wheel disc 610; the transmission shaft 606 and the linkage shaft 603 are connected in a synchronous belt transmission connection mode; the bearing frame 601 and the buckle cover 602 are provided with a winding wheel 7.

[0044] The middle of the winding wheel 7 is provided with a wire fixing hole 701, the two ends of the winding wheel 7 are rotatably provided with bearing sleeves 702 in cooperation with bearings, the outer middle of the bearing sleeve 702 is integrally provided with a flange, and the bearing frame 601 and the buckle cover 602 are provided with a clamping groove matched with the flange; one end of the winding wheel 7 is connected with the linkage shaft 603 in a gear transmission connection mode.

[0045] The front side of the transmission frame 8 is integrally provided with a control rack 801, the control rack 801 meshes with the two groups of driven gears 608; the swing rod 611 slides in the transmission frame 8.

[0046] The front end of the hinged seat 609 is fixedly provided with a wire comb 9; the wire comb 9 is a U-shaped frame structure, and a lower roller 901 is rotationally arranged at the middle of the bottom of the wire comb 9, and side rollers 902 are rotationally arranged at the front and rear ends of the wire comb 9.

[0047] The sound-absorbing material has a three-layer composite structure from bottom to top, and the total thickness is 3-5 mm, and the composition and functions of each layer are as follows:

[0048] The bottom layer is a modified regenerated polyester non-woven fabric support layer (thickness 1-1.5 mm);

[0049] Raw materials: regenerated polyester fiber (diameter 10-20 mu m, length 38 mm) + 5-8 wt% low-melting-point polyester fiber (melting point 110-130 DEG C);

[0050] Modification treatment: plasma surface etching (argon atmosphere, power 80-120 W, treatment time 3-5 min) is adopted to form a micro-concave structure on the surface of the fiber, so as to improve the interfacial bonding force with the middle layer; and 0.5-1 wt% silane coupling agent (KH-550) solution is immersed to enhance the aging resistance;

[0051] Function: providing mechanical support to avoid material deformation or damage.

[0052] The middle layer is a gradient-pore nanofiber sound-absorbing layer (thickness 1.5-2.5 mm);

[0053] Raw materials: polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) + 10-15 wt% nanosilica (SiO2, particle size 20-50 nm) + N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) / acetone mixed solvent (volume ratio 7:3);

[0054] Gradient structure design: divided into three layers from bottom to top, and the pore gradient is realized by adjusting the electrospinning parameters:

[0055] Lower layer (close to the support layer): pore size 200-300 nm, porosity 75-80%, mainly absorbing low-frequency sound waves (125-500 Hz);

[0056] Middle layer: pore size 500-600 nm, porosity 80-85%, mainly absorbing medium-frequency sound waves (500-1000 Hz);

[0057] Upper layer: pore size 800-1000 nm, porosity 85-90%, mainly absorbing high-frequency sound waves (1000-4000 Hz);

[0058] Function: realizing multiple reflection, friction and dissipation of wide-band sound waves through the gradient-pore structure, and improving the sound-absorbing efficiency.

[0059] Surface layer: antibacterial nanofiber functional layer (thickness 0.5-1mm);

[0060] Raw materials: polylactic acid (PLA) + 3-5wt% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (QCS, antibacterial agent) + trichloromethane / dioxane mixed solvent (volume ratio 6:4);

[0061] Structural characteristics: pore size 300-400nm, porosity 80-85%, without affecting the penetration of sound waves;

[0062] Function: with antibacterial performance (bacterial inhibition rate of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus ≥99%), while PLA raw material is degradable, improving environmental protection.

[0063] Preparation process steps

[0064] 1. Preparation of modified regenerated polyester non-woven fabric support layer

[0065] 1.1 Fiber mixing and carding: mix the regenerated polyester fiber and low melting point polyester fiber according to the mass ratio of 92:8-95:5, card into a web through the carding machine, and control the surface density at 80-100g / m²;

[0066] 1.2 Hot pressing: place the fiber web in the hot pressing equipment, control the temperature at 120-140℃, the pressure at 0.3-0.5MPa, and the time at 20-30s, so that the low melting point fiber is fused and bonded to form a preliminary structure;

[0067] 1.3 Plasma modification and coupling agent treatment: put the hot-pressed non-woven fabric into the plasma treatment instrument, with argon flow rate of 10-15L / min, power of 80-120W, and treatment time of 3-5min; then immerse it in 0.5-1wt% KH-550 ethanol solution (ethanol: water = 9:1) for 1-2h at room temperature, and dry it in a 60-70℃ oven for 30-40min before use.

[0068] 2. Gradient porous nanofiber sound-absorbing layer electrospinning preparation

[0069] 2.1 Spinning solution preparation:

[0070] Lower layer spinning solution: add PVDF (molecular weight 500,000) and nano-SiO2 to DMF / acetone mixed solvent according to the mass ratio of 90:10-85:15, stir for 3-4h (temperature 40-50℃), and form a uniform solution with a concentration of 12-14wt%;

[0071] Middle layer spinning solution: same raw material ratio, unchanged solvent, concentration adjusted to 10-12wt%;

[0072] Upper layer spinning solution: same raw material ratio, unchanged solvent, concentration adjusted to 8-10wt%;

[0073] 2.2 Gradient Spinning Forming:

[0074] Equipment: Multi-jet electrospinning machine (3 groups of nozzles, spacing 5 cm), receiving device is a drum covered with modified non-woven fabric (diameter 20 cm, rotating speed 5-10 r / min);

[0075] Lower layer spinning parameters: voltage 18-20 kV, receiving distance 15-18 cm, spinning speed 0.5-0.8 mL / h, spinning time 30-40 min, forming a 200-300 nm pore size layer;

[0076] Middle layer spinning parameters: voltage 16-18 kV, receiving distance 18-20 cm, spinning speed 0.8-1 mL / h, spinning time 25-35 min, forming a 500-600 nm pore size layer;

[0077] Upper layer spinning parameters: voltage 14-16 kV, receiving distance 20-22 cm, spinning speed 1-1.2 mL / h, spinning time 20-30 min, forming an 800-1000 nm pore size layer;

[0078] Control the environmental temperature at 25-30°C and relative humidity at 40-50% during spinning to avoid fiber breakage caused by too fast solvent evaporation.

[0079] 3. Preparation of antibacterial nanofiber functional layer and overall composite

[0080] 3.1 Preparation of antibacterial spinning solution: PLA (molecular weight 100,000) and QCS are added to a mixture of chloroform / dioxane in a mass ratio of 97:3-95:5, stirred for 2-3 h (room temperature) to form a uniform solution with a concentration of 15-18 wt%;

[0081] 3.2 Surface layer spinning: electrospinning is performed on the surface of the gradient nanofiber layer, parameters: voltage 15-17 kV, receiving distance 16-18 cm, spinning speed 0.6-0.9 mL / h, spinning time 15-25 min, forming an antibacterial layer of 0.5-1 mm thick;

[0082] 3.3 Heat pressing composite shaping: place the three-layer structure into the heat pressing equipment, control the temperature at 80-90°C (lower than the melting point of PLA to avoid fiber melting), pressure at 0.1-0.2 MPa, time for 10-15 s, realize the close combination between layers through the physical entanglement of the micro-concave structure on the surface of the modified support layer and the nanofiber, without the need for adhesive;

[0083] 3.4 Post-processing: place the composite material into a vacuum oven (temperature 50-60°C, vacuum degree -0.08 to -0.09 MPa) for 2-3 h to remove residual solvents and obtain the final sound absorption material.

[0084] Performance indicators and beneficial effects

[0085] 1. Core performance indicators

[0086] 2. Inventiveness

[0087] Structural innovation: The first "support layer-gradient sound absorption layer-functional layer" three-layer composite structure is created, and a wide frequency band of 125-4000 Hz sound absorption is achieved through gradient pore design (200-1000 nm), solving the defect of poor low-frequency absorption of traditional materials.

[0088] Interface bonding innovation: The support layer is modified by plasma etching + silane coupling agent, combined with hot pressing composite process, to realize interlayer bonding without adhesive layer, avoid pore blockage, and at the same time improve the mechanical strength (tensile strength is increased by 40-60% compared with traditional composite materials).

[0089] Functional integration innovation: The sound absorption, mechanical support, antibacterial, and environmentally friendly degradable functions are integrated, breaking through the limitations of traditional materials with single function and widening the application scenarios.

[0090] 3. Novelty

[0091] PVDF / SiO2 nanofiber gradient structure is applied to textile sound absorption materials for the first time, and the sound wave dissipation efficiency is improved through pore size gradient and nanoparticles.

[0092] Regenerated polyester and degradable PLA are combined to form a green and environmentally friendly sound absorption material system, which is different from existing products containing adhesives or being non-degradable.

[0093] Both the antibacterial layer and the sound absorption layer use nanofiber structure, which ensures antibacterial properties without affecting sound absorption performance, solving the problem of sound absorption efficiency reduction caused by traditional antibacterial agent addition.

[0094] 4. Practicality

[0095] The preparation process is simple, and electrospinning and hot pressing can be continuously produced, with production efficiency improved by 30-50% and cost reduced by 15-20% compared with traditional processes.

[0096] The material is light in weight (areal density 150-200 g / m²) and flexible (bendable radius ≤5 cm), easy to cut and process, suitable for different scenarios such as buildings, cars, and rail transit.

[0097] The material has excellent aging resistance and antibacterial performance, with a service life of 5-8 years, reducing replacement frequency and maintenance cost.

[0098] Example two: Please refer to the drawings in the specification, Figures 1 to 9 as shown:

[0099] Support layer preparation: Regenerated polyester fiber (15 pm) and low-melting-point polyester fiber were mixed at 95:5, carded (area density 90 g / m2), hot-pressed at 130 °C and 0.4 MPa for 25 s; argon plasma treatment (100 W, 4 min), immersed in 0.8 wt% KH-550 solution for 1.5 h, and dried at 65 °C for 35 min;

[0100] Gradient sound-absorbing layer spinning:

[0101] Lower layer: 13 wt% PVDF / SiO2 (88:12) spinning solution, 20 kV, 16 cm receiving distance, 0.6 mL / h, spinning for 35 min;

[0102] Middle layer: 11 wt% PVDF / SiO2 spinning solution, 17 kV, 19 cm receiving distance, 0.9 mL / h, spinning for 30 min;

[0103] Upper layer: 9 wt% PVDF / SiO2 spinning solution, 15 kV, 21 cm receiving distance, 1.1 mL / h, spinning for 25 min;

[0104] Antibacterial layer spinning and compounding: 16 wt% PLA / QCS (96:4) spinning solution, 16 kV, 17 cm receiving distance, 0.7 mL / h, spinning for 20 min; hot-pressed at 85 °C and 0.15 MPa for 12 s, and vacuum dried at 55 °C for 2.5 h;

[0105] Performance test: 125 Hz sound absorption coefficient 0.45, 1000 Hz sound absorption coefficient 0.85, tensile strength 28 MPa, E. coli inhibition rate 99.3%, and formaldehyde release amount 0.008 mg / m3.

[0106] Example Three: Please refer to the drawings in the specification, Figures 1 to 9 as shown:

[0107] Support layer preparation: Regenerated polyester fiber (10 pm) and low-melting-point polyester fiber were mixed at 92:8, carded (area density 100 g / m2), hot-pressed at 140 °C and 0.5 MPa for 20 s; argon plasma treatment (120 W, 5 min), immersed in 1 wt% KH-550 solution for 2 h, and dried at 70 °C for 30 min;

[0108] Gradient sound-absorbing layer spinning:

[0109] Lower layer: 14 wt% PVDF / SiO2 (85:15) spinning solution, 19 kV, 15 cm receiving distance, 0.5 mL / h, spinning for 40 min;

[0110] Middle layer: 12 wt% PVDF / SiO2 spinning solution, 18 kV, 18 cm receiving distance, 0.8 mL / h, spinning for 35 min;

[0111] Upper layer: 10wt% PVDF / SiO2 spinning solution, 16kV, 20cm receiving distance, 1.2mL / h, spinning for 30min;

[0112] Antibacterial layer spinning and compounding: 18wt% PLA / QCS (95:5) spinning solution, 17kV, 18cm receiving distance, 0.9mL / h, spinning for 25min; hot pressing at 90℃, 0.2MPa for 10s, vacuum drying at 60℃ for 2h;

[0113] Performance test: 125Hz sound absorption coefficient 0.48, 1000Hz sound absorption coefficient 0.88, tensile strength 30MPa, Staphylococcus aureus inhibition rate 99.5%, formaldehyde release amount 0.007mg / m³.

[0114] Specific use and role of the embodiment: In the present application, for natural plant fibers, low pre-stress is applied in the drawing process before spinning, so that it maintains a certain natural shrinkage tendency after weaving.

[0115] For synthetic fibers, high pre-stress is applied, so that it is in a relatively stretched state after weaving.

[0116] The two fibers are interwoven in a predetermined ratio on the same loom, and the difference in pre-stress will cause the fibers to deform to different degrees due to changes in environmental temperature, humidity or external force in subsequent use.

[0117] Dynamic pore adjustment principle:

[0118] When the environmental temperature changes or the fabric is stressed, the two different fiber materials will be stretched or shrunk to different degrees, prompting the change of the pore size, and improving the sound absorption capacity.

[0119] This dynamic adjustment mechanism enables the fabric to adapt to the sound absorption requirements of different noise frequency bands, without the need for additional structural design to optimize the wideband sound absorption performance.

[0120] Synergistic effect with prior art:

[0121] Combined with the original micro-pore structure, the dynamic pore design can reduce the fluctuation amplitude of the sound absorption coefficient in the 250-5000Hz frequency band by 15%-20%, and the noise reduction coefficient (NRC) is increased to more than 0.75.

[0122] The pre-stress treatment does not affect the environmental friendliness of the fibers and the distribution of the light shielding aid, and at the same time, through the stress balance between the fibers, the anti-deformation ability of the fabric is enhanced, and the service life is prolonged.

[0123] After the fiber is made into a line, it passes above the bearing roller 204. The top plate 302 is raised in advance. After the fiber passes below the front and rear pressing rollers 304 and 305, the contraction electric cylinder 301 lowers the top plate 302, and the front and rear pressing rollers 304 and 305 are lowered to tension the fiber;

[0124] The inlet pipe 201 and the outlet pipe 202 are provided with a pipeline connected to a purification device to perform water circulation, so as to generate water flow in the front space inside the treatment device 2, thereby providing a cleaning function to clean the fiber passing through the water;

[0125] The heater 5 is powered to heat. The suction motor 401 drives the suction fan 402 to rotate to suck in air. The air passes through the heater 5 to be upwardly conveyed to provide a hot air function and quickly dry the fiber.

[0126] The position of the take-up, the fiber thread is passed between the two side rollers 902, through the line hole 701, and is bound and fixed. The transmission motor 605 drives the transmission shaft 606 to rotate. The transmission shaft 606 drives the linkage shaft 603 to rotate through the synchronous belt. The linkage shaft 603 drives the take-up wheel 7 to rotate through the gear, and continuously winds up.

[0127] During the winding process, the transmission shaft 606 also drives the transmission wheel 610 to rotate through the bevel gear. The transmission wheel 610 drives the swing rod 611 to continuously rotate, drives the transmission frame 8 to reciprocate, drives the driven gear 608 to rotate through the control rack 801, and then makes the swing connecting rod 607 continuously swing, drives the hinged seat 609 and the thread comb 9 to move, continuously adjusts the winding position, and makes the fiber uniformly wound on the outside of the take-up wheel 7.

[0128] After the material is cleaned, dried, and hot-pressed by the treatment device, it is wound by the take-up device and sent to a textile device to be spun. Finally, the preparation is completed by hot pressing and setting.

Claims

1. A textile sound absorbing material based on nanofiber composite, characterized by, Include: Sound-absorbing cloth (1), the sound-absorbing cloth (1) is composed of bottom cloth (101), middle cloth (102) and surface cloth (103) hot pressing, total thickness 3-5mm; The bottom cloth (101) is a modified regenerated polyester non-woven fabric support layer, the thickness is 1-1.5mm, the regenerated polyester fiber is used, the additive is 5-8wt% low melting point polyester fiber, the plasma surface etching is used, and the 0.5-1wt% silane coupling agent solution is immersed; The middle cloth (102) is a gradient porosity nanofiber sound-absorbing layer, the thickness is 1.5-2.5mm, the polyvinylidene fluoride is used, the additive is 10-15wt% nanosilica and N,N-dimethylformamide / acetone mixed solvent, the volume ratio is 7:3; The middle cloth (102) is divided into three layers from bottom to top; The lower layer has a pore size of 200-300nm, and the porosity is 75-80%; The middle layer has a pore size of 500-600nm, and the porosity is 80-85%; The upper layer has a pore size of 800-1000nm, and the porosity is 85-90%: The surface cloth (103) is an antibacterial nanofiber functional layer, the thickness is 0.5-1mm, the pore size is 300-400nm, the porosity is 80-85%, the polylactic acid is used, the additive is 3-5wt% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and chloroform / dioxane mixed solvent, and the volume ratio is 6:

4.

2. The textile sound absorbing material based on nanofiber composite according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom cloth (101) is a modified regenerated polyester non-woven fabric support layer, the tensile strength is greater than or equal to 25MPa, and the tear strength is greater than or equal to 5N / mm.

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