Crane for transferring underground goods

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hoisting machinery, in particular to a crane for transferring underground cargos, which comprises a bracket, a suspension arm, a hoisting assembly and a hydraulic jack, the hydraulic jack is provided with a piston cavity I, a piston cavity II and a piston cavity III, and the piston cavity I and the piston cavity III are in one-way communication; a switch valve I is arranged at the communication part; the second piston cavity and the third piston cavity are in one-way communication. The first piston cavity communicates with the second piston cavity, and a second switch valve is arranged at the communicating position. A first auxiliary pressurizing piston is inserted into the first piston cavity, and the first auxiliary pressurizing piston is in piston fit with the first piston cylinder and the second piston cylinder at the same time and connected with the first piston cylinder through a first elastic piece. After goods are hoisted through the hoisting assembly, the first switch valve is opened, the first auxiliary pressurizing piston conveys hydraulic oil into the second piston cavity from the first piston cavity and the third piston cavity in sequence under the elastic effect, tensioning of the hoisting chain is achieved, energy loss can be avoided, hoisting efficiency is guaranteed, and meanwhile labor is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lifting machinery technology, and in particular to a hoist for underground cargo transfer. Background Technology

[0002] In underground operations, cargo transfer is a key link in ensuring smooth production processes, and as a core transfer device, the performance of cranes in assisting lifting directly affects transfer efficiency and ease of operation.

[0003] Currently, hydraulic jacks are often used as auxiliary lifting components of cranes to enhance the stability and controllability of cargo lifting. For example, the hydraulic jack disclosed in Chinese patent CN110759274B uses a bidirectional oil supply structure design to allow the handle to supply oil and pressurize the lifting device during the up and down movement, so as to realize the uninterrupted upward movement of the support rod, which provides the possibility of improving work efficiency from the structural principle.

[0004] In other practical applications of equipment that uses hydraulic jacks to assist in lifting goods, the output end of the hydraulic jack is often connected to the goods via a lifting chain. Then, the hydraulic system is driven by manually pressing the handle, causing the output end of the hydraulic jack to gradually extend and lift the goods.

[0005] However, during the initial operation of a hydraulic jack, due to the slack in the lifting chain, the output displacement is first used to tension the chain. At this stage, the energy consumed by the hydraulic system only overcomes the chain deformation and clearance, and is not converted into effective work for lifting the cargo, resulting in energy loss. Simultaneously, chain tensioning occupies the output stroke and time, delaying cargo lifting and reducing overall lifting efficiency. Furthermore, the hydraulic jack relies entirely on manual operation by pressing the handle, requiring overcoming internal system pressure resistance. As the load increases, the pressing force also increases. Prolonged high-load operation can easily lead to operator fatigue, resulting in uneven pressing force, affecting the stability of the output displacement, and increasing operational risks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a crane for underground cargo transfer that addresses the problems of energy waste, low transfer efficiency, and labor costs in the current underground cargo lifting and transfer process.

[0007] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: An underground cargo transfer crane includes a support frame, a boom, a lifting assembly, and hydraulic jacks. One end of the boom is hinged to the support, while the other end is suspended in the air. The lifting assembly is located at one of the suspended ends of the boom, and includes at least a lifting chain, and is configured to lift goods; The hydraulic jack includes a base, which is hinged to a support frame. The base is equipped with piston cylinders one, two, and three. Piston cylinder one is inserted into piston cylinder two and is sealed to it. A piston chamber one is formed between piston cylinders one, two, and the base. A push rod is inserted into piston cylinder one, forming a piston-like engagement with it. One end of the push rod extending beyond piston cylinder one is hinged to the boom. A piston chamber two is formed between the push rod, piston cylinder one, and the base. A handle is hinged to the base. A connecting rod is inserted into piston cylinder three, forming a piston-like engagement with it. One end of the connecting rod extending beyond piston cylinder three is hinged to the handle. On the handle, a piston chamber three is formed between the connecting rod, piston cylinder three, and the base; the base has flow path one, flow path two, and flow path three. Flow path one connects piston chamber one and piston chamber three in one direction, and a switch valve one is provided at one point in the flow path; flow path two connects piston chamber two and piston chamber three in one direction; flow path three connects piston chamber one and piston chamber two, and a switch valve two is provided at the flow path three; an auxiliary pressurizing piston one is inserted in piston chamber one. The auxiliary pressurizing piston one also forms a piston cooperation with piston cylinder one and piston cylinder two, and is connected to piston cylinder one through elastic element one. Under the action of elastic element one, the auxiliary pressurizing piston one tends to move closer to the base.

[0008] Furthermore, an auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 is also inserted into piston chamber 1. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 forms a piston engagement with both piston cylinder 1 and piston cylinder 2, and is connected to the base through elastic element 2. Under the action of elastic element 2, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 tends to move closer to the base. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 has multiple oil passage holes, which are configured to allow hydraulic oil to pass through. At least one oil passage hole has a locking block inserted into it. The locking block is connected to the auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 through elastic element 3. Under the action of elastic element 3, the locking block tends to move outward in the radial direction and can form a locking engagement with piston cylinder 2. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 is configured to block the oil passage hole where the locking block is located. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 is provided with a hook and multiple plugs. The plugs are configured to block the oil passage holes, and the hooks are configured to pass through the locking block and form a locking engagement with the locking block. The hooks are provided with spring plates, which can form a stop engagement with the locking block. Under the action of the spring plates, the locking block can move inward in the radial direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the second elastic element is a tension spring.

[0010] Furthermore, the third elastic element is the second compression spring.

[0011] Furthermore, an adjusting piston is sealed between piston cylinder three and connecting rod, forming a piston fit with piston cylinder three and a friction fit with connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the adjusting piston is connected to the connecting rod via an adjusting assembly. Under the action of the adjusting assembly, the adjusting piston can slide synchronously with the connecting rod and also slide relative to the connecting rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjusting assembly includes a wedge groove and a insert rod. The wedge groove is formed on the inner wall of the adjusting piston; the insert rod is inserted into the connecting rod and can slide elastically in the radial direction, and can form a plug-in engagement with the wedge groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic element is a compression spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the top rod has multiple hinge points on the boom, and these hinge points are arranged along the extension direction of the boom.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the bracket is equipped with multiple rollers, each of which can rotate around its own axis.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention relates to a hoist for transferring cargo underground. It comprises three piston chambers: Piston Chamber 1, Piston Chamber 2, and Piston Chamber 3. An auxiliary pressurizing piston is inserted into Piston Chamber 1. Utilizing the elastic sliding characteristic of the auxiliary pressurizing piston, after the cargo is lifted by the hoisting assembly, a switch valve is opened, connecting Piston Chamber 1 and Piston Chamber 3. Under elastic action, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 sequentially delivers hydraulic oil through Piston Chamber 1 and Piston Chamber 3 to Piston Chamber 2. Under hydraulic pressure, a push rod extends, driving the lifting chain upwards via the boom, thus tensioning the lifting chain. This avoids energy loss and does not occupy the time required to press the handle to lift the cargo, ensuring lifting efficiency. Subsequently, when the handle is pressed, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 continues to sequentially deliver hydraulic oil through Piston Chamber 1 and Piston Chamber 3 to Piston Chamber 2 under elastic action, achieving labor-saving operation.

[0018] Furthermore, by setting up an auxiliary pressurizing piston two, after the auxiliary pressurizing piston one moves to abut against the auxiliary pressurizing piston two, as the handle continues to be pressed, the auxiliary pressurizing piston two, under the action of elasticity, assists in transporting hydraulic oil sequentially through piston chamber one and piston chamber three to piston chamber two, thereby achieving labor-saving throughout the lifting and hoisting process.

[0019] Furthermore, by setting an adjusting piston and a matching adjusting component, when lifting lighter goods, the adjusting piston moves together with the connecting rod. Since the overall cross-sectional area of ​​the adjusting piston and the connecting rod is larger, more hydraulic oil can be delivered from piston chamber three to piston chamber two, allowing the push rod to rise a greater distance during a single press of the handle. This enables the rapid lifting of lighter goods and improves hoisting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a crane used for transferring underground cargo provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2A three-dimensional structural diagram of the hydraulic jack of the underground cargo transfer crane provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A side view of the hydraulic jack of the underground cargo transfer crane provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at the U-shaped section; Figure 6 for Figure 3 Sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point V in the middle; Figure 8 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point W in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point X in the middle; Figure 10 A front view schematic diagram of the hydraulic jack of the underground cargo transfer crane provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A three-dimensional sectional view along the C-axis; Figure 12 A schematic cross-sectional view of the hydraulic jack of the underground cargo transfer crane in the extended state, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 13 for Figure 12 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Y in the middle; Figure 14 A schematic cross-sectional view of the hydraulic jack of the underground cargo transfer crane in the extended state, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 15 for Figure 14 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point Z in the middle; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the hydraulic jack of a crane used for transferring underground cargo, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention, when switching the hinge point of the jack rod.

[0021] in: 1. Bracket; 101. Rollers; 2. Crane boom; 3. Lifting components; 301. Connecting chain; 302. Hook; 303. Lifting chain; 304. Pallet; 4. Hydraulic jack; 401. Base; 4011. Flow path one; 4012. Flow path two; 4013. Flow path three; 402. Piston cylinder one; 4021. Ring platform; 403. Piston cylinder two; 4031. Slot; 404. Piston cylinder three; 405. Piston chamber one; 406. Push rod; 407. Piston chamber two; 408. Handle; 4081. Opening plate; 4082. Pin rod; 4083. Cotter pin; 4084. Protective sleeve; 409. Connecting rod; 410. Piston chamber three; 411. Switch valve one; 412. Switch valve two ; 413. Auxiliary pressurizing piston one; 4131. Hook; 4132. Plug; 4133. Spring; 414. Compression spring one; 415. Auxiliary pressurizing piston two; 4151. Oil passage hole; 4152. Locking block; 41521. Perforation; 4153. Compression spring two; 416. Tension spring; 417. Adjusting piston; 418. Adjusting assembly; 4181. Wedge groove; 4182. Insert rod; 4183. Compression spring three; 419. Sealing end cap one; 420. Connecting piece; 421. Sealing end cap two; 422. Valve ball; 423. Air filter element; 5. Goods. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0024] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] In underground operations, when using existing hydraulic jacks 4 to assist in lifting cargo 5, the output end of the hydraulic jacks 4 is usually connected to the cargo 5 via a lifting chain 303. Then, the hydraulic system is driven by manually pressing the handle 408, causing the output end of the hydraulic jacks 4 to gradually extend, and the cargo 5 is lifted simultaneously via the lifting chain 303.

[0026] While the above process can lift the cargo 5, in the initial stage of the hydraulic jack 4's output end extension, due to the inherent slack in the chain 303, the displacement of the output end is first used to eliminate the slack in the chain 303, i.e., to complete the tensioning process of the chain 303, rather than directly generating an upward lifting force on the cargo 5. During this stage, the energy consumed by the hydraulic system is only used to overcome the deformation and slack of the chain 303 itself, and is not converted into effective work for lifting the cargo 5, resulting in ineffective energy loss. Simultaneously, the tensioning process of the chain 303 occupies part of the stroke and time of the output end extension, delaying the actual start of lifting the cargo 5, thus reducing the overall lifting efficiency.

[0027] Meanwhile, throughout the entire process of extending the output end of the hydraulic jack 4, whether in the initial tensioning stage of the lifting chain 303 or the subsequent lifting stage of the cargo 5, the hydraulic system is entirely driven by continuous manual pressing of the handle 408. Manually pressing the handle 408 requires overcoming the internal pressure resistance of the hydraulic system, and the required pressing force increases accordingly with the increase in the load on the output end (especially after entering the lifting stage of cargo 5). Prolonged, high-load manual pressing not only leads to rapid exhaustion and fatigue for the operator, but also may cause uneven pressing force due to operator fatigue, thus affecting the displacement stability of the hydraulic jack 4's output end and indirectly increasing operational risks.

[0028] Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide an underground cargo transfer crane, which is particularly suitable for lifting and hoisting cargo 5.

[0029] Specifically, refer to Figures 1 to 15As shown, the underground cargo transfer crane is configured to include a support 1, a boom 2, a lifting assembly 3, and a hydraulic jack 4. One end of the boom 2 is hinged to the top of the support 1, and the other end is suspended in the air. The lifting assembly 3 is located at the suspended end of the boom 2 and includes at least a lifting chain 303, configured to lift cargo 5. The hydraulic jack 4 is located directly below the boom 2 and near the hinged end of the boom 2 and the support 1, and includes a base 401, which is hinged to the support 1. Piston cylinder 1 402 and piston cylinder 3 404 are threadedly connected to the top of the base 401, and are arranged in parallel. A piston cylinder 403 is coaxially sleeved around cylinder 402. Piston cylinder 403 and piston cylinder 402 are spaced apart, and their bottoms are fixedly connected to the base 401. The top of piston cylinder 403 is open. A sealing end cap 419 is threaded onto the top of piston cylinder 402. The sealing end cap 419 and piston cylinder 402 are sealed together by a sealing element, such as a sealing ring. The sealing end cap 419 also seals the top of piston cylinder 403 and is sealed together by a sealing element, such as a sealing ring. A piston chamber 405 is formed by surrounding the sealing end cap 419, piston cylinder 402, piston cylinder 403, and base 401.

[0030] A push rod 406 is coaxially inserted into piston cylinder 402. The inner end of the push rod 406 is slidably connected to piston cylinder 402 through a sealing element, such as a sealing ring, so that the push rod 406 and piston cylinder 402 form a piston fit. The outer end of the push rod 406 extends out of piston cylinder 402 and is slidably connected to piston cylinder 402 through a sealing element, such as a sealing ring and a sealing end cap 419. The outer end of the push rod 406 is hinged to the bottom of the boom 2, and the hinge point is located between the two ends of the boom 2. A piston chamber 407 is formed between the push rod 406, piston cylinder 402 and base 401. A handle 408 is also provided on the top of the base 401. The handle 408 and the piston cylinder 404 are located on the same side of the piston cylinder 403 and in the same plane. One end of the handle 408 is suspended, and the other end is fixedly covered with an open piece 4081. The open piece 4081 is formed by folding the two ends of a flat sheet structure close to each other. A pin 4082 is vertically inserted through the adjacent ends of the open piece 4081. The pin 4082 is parallel to the handle 408 and has a T-shaped structure, with the larger end located on the piston cylinder 403. Between the pin 4082 and the open piece 4081, a stop engagement is formed with the open piece 4081. A cotter pin 4083 is provided through the small end of the pin 4082. The cotter pin 4083 can form a stop engagement with the open piece 4081 to prevent the pin 4082 from falling off the open piece 4081. Two connecting pieces 420 are rotatably sleeved on the pin 4082. The two connecting pieces 420 are arranged along the extension direction of the pin 4082, and the other end of each is hinged to the base 401, so that the handle 408 and the base 401 form a hinged connection.

[0031] The piston cylinder 404 has an open top. A sealing end cap 421 is fixed to the top of the piston cylinder 404 by fasteners such as bolts. A second pin 4082 is vertically inserted through the two adjacent ends of the opening plate 4081. The connection method between the second pin 4082 and the opening plate 4081 is the same as that of the pin 4082 mentioned above, and will not be described again. A connecting rod 409 is coaxially inserted into the piston cylinder 404. The inner end of the connecting rod 409 is sealed and slidably connected to the piston cylinder 404 by a sealing element such as a sealing ring, so that the connecting rod 409 and the piston cylinder 404 form a piston fit. The outer end of the connecting rod 409 extends out of both the piston cylinder 404 and the sealing end cap 421, and is sealed and slidably connected by a sealing element such as a sealing ring and the sealing end cap 421. The outer end of the connecting rod 409 is rotatably sleeved on the second pin 4082. A piston chamber 410 is formed between the connecting rod 409, the piston cylinder 404, and the base 401.

[0032] The base 401 has flow path one 4011, flow path two 4012, and flow path three 4013. Flow path one 4011 connects piston chamber one 405 and piston chamber three 410. The upward connection section between flow path one 4011 and piston chamber three 410 consists of two orifice sections with different diameters, and the orifice section with the larger diameter is positioned closer to piston chamber three 410. Figure 5 As shown, a valve ball 422 is movably inserted into a larger diameter orifice. The diameter of the valve ball 422 is equal to that of the larger diameter orifice. The valve ball 422 can block the smaller diameter orifice and can both roll and slide along the larger diameter orifice. The valve ball 422 ensures that hydraulic oil can only flow from piston chamber 1 405 into piston chamber 3 410, thereby achieving unidirectional communication between piston chamber 1 405 and piston chamber 3 410. A stop is provided on the wall of the larger diameter orifice, which can form a stop with the valve ball 422 to prevent the valve ball 422 from dislodging from the larger diameter orifice. Flow path 4011 is connected to the outside, and a switch valve 411 is threadedly installed at the connection. The connection section between flow path 4011 and the outside consists of two orifice sections with different diameters, and the orifice section with a larger diameter is located closer to piston chamber 410. A valve ball 422 is movably installed in the orifice section with a diameter equal to that of the orifice section with a larger diameter. The valve ball 422 can block the orifice section with a smaller diameter and can both roll and slide along the orifice section with a larger diameter. A stop is provided on the wall of the orifice section with a larger diameter. The stop can form a stop engagement with the valve ball 422 to prevent the valve ball 422 from disengaging from the orifice section with a larger diameter. The switch valve 411 can form a stop engagement with the valve ball 422 so that the valve ball 422 blocks the orifice section with a smaller diameter, thereby closing the connection between piston chamber 405 and piston chamber 410.

[0033] Flow path 2 4012 connects piston chamber 2 407 and piston chamber 3 410. The upward connection section between flow path 2 4012 and piston chamber 2 407 consists of two orifice sections with different diameters, with the larger diameter orifice section positioned closer to piston chamber 2 407. A valve ball 422 is movably inserted into the larger diameter orifice section. The diameter of the valve ball 422 is equal to that of the larger diameter orifice section. The valve ball 422 can block the smaller diameter orifice section and can both roll and slide along the larger diameter orifice section. A stop is provided on the orifice wall of the larger diameter orifice section, which can form a stop engagement with the valve ball 422 to prevent the valve ball 422 from dislodging from the larger diameter orifice section. The valve ball 422 ensures that hydraulic oil can only flow from piston chamber 3 410 into piston chamber 2 407, thereby achieving unidirectional communication between piston chamber 3 410 and piston chamber 2 407. Flow path 3 4013 connects piston chamber 1 405 and piston chamber 2 407. Flow path 3 4013 is connected to the outside, and a switching valve 2 412 is threadedly inserted at the connection point. The connection section between flow path 3 4013 and the outside consists of two orifice sections with different diameters, and the orifice section with a larger diameter is located closer to piston chamber 1 405. A valve ball 422 is movably inserted in the orifice section with a diameter equal to that of the orifice section with a larger diameter. The valve ball 422 can block the orifice section with a smaller diameter and can both roll and slide along the orifice section with a larger diameter. A stop is provided on the orifice wall of the orifice section with a larger diameter. The stop can form a stop engagement with the valve ball 422 to prevent the valve ball 422 from disengaging from the orifice section with a larger diameter. The switching valve 2 412 can form a stop engagement with the valve ball 422 so that the valve ball 422 blocks the orifice section with a smaller diameter, thereby closing the connection between piston chamber 2 407 and piston chamber 3 410.

[0034] An auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 is inserted into the piston chamber 405. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 has a ring structure and is coaxially arranged with the piston cylinder 402. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 forms a sealed sliding connection with the piston cylinder 402 and the second piston cylinder 403 through a sealing element, such as a sealing ring, thereby forming a piston fit. It is also connected to the piston cylinder 402 through an elastic element. Under the action of the elastic element, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 tends to move closer to the base 401. The elastic element can be set as a compression spring 414. The compression spring 414 is inserted between the piston cylinder 402 and the second piston cylinder 403. A ring platform 4021 is fixed and coaxially arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the piston cylinder 402 near the top. The ring platform 4021 is located above the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413. The compression spring 414 is connected between the ring platform 4021 and the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 divides the piston chamber 405 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, with the lower chamber filled with hydraulic oil. A connecting port is provided on the top outer peripheral wall of the piston cylinder 403, which connects to both the outside and the upper chamber. When the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 slides, the upper chamber is always at atmospheric pressure, preventing pressure difference from hindering the sliding of the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413. An air filter element 423 is provided at the connecting port, configured to filter the air and prevent impurities in the air from entering the upper chamber through the connecting port, thus avoiding affecting the sliding of the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413.

[0035] The hoisting assembly 3 can be configured to include a connecting chain 301. One end of the connecting chain 301 is fixed to the boom 2 by fasteners such as bolts and nuts. The connecting chain 301 is sleeved on the bolt during installation. The other end is fixed with a hook 302. Two lifting chains 303 are simultaneously hung on the hook 302. The two ends of the two lifting chains 303 are respectively fixed at the four corners of the top of the pallet 304. The pallet 304 is used to carry the goods 5.

[0036] Initially, both switch valve 1 411 and switch valve 2 412 are closed, and the lower chamber is filled with hydraulic oil; the pallet 304 is placed on the ground.

[0037] During use, the cargo 5 is first placed on top of the pallet 304; then, by turning the switch valve 411 outward, the lower chamber and the piston chamber 410 are connected; under the action of the compression spring 414, the auxiliary pressure piston 413 approaches the base 401, and simultaneously pressurizes the hydraulic oil through the lower chamber, flow path 4011, piston chamber 410, and flow path 4012 into the piston chamber 407; under the action of the hydraulic oil, the push rod 406 extends outward, simultaneously raising the boom 2. The boom 2 stretches the chain 303 through the connecting chain 301 and the hook 302, thereby achieving tension on the chain 303. This avoids energy loss and does not occupy the time for pressing the handle 408 to lift the cargo 5, ensuring lifting efficiency.

[0038] After the lifting chain 303 is tensioned, the pallet 304 remains on the ground under the pressure of the cargo 5. At this time, the upward force of the hydraulic oil on the auxiliary pressure piston 413 and the downward force of the compression spring 414 on the auxiliary pressure piston 413 are equal, and the auxiliary pressure piston 413 remains stationary. Then, the handle 408 is manually swung up and down, and the handle 408 drives the connecting rod 409 to move up and down. During the movement of the connecting rod 409, when the connecting rod 409 moves upward, the piston chamber 3 410 is under negative pressure. At this time, the flow path 1 4011 is open and the flow path 2 4012 is closed. The lower chamber is under negative pressure. Under the combined action of the pressure difference and the compression spring 1 414, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 413 approaches the base 401. The auxiliary hydraulic oil enters the piston chamber 3 410 through the lower chamber and the flow path 1 4011 in sequence, achieving labor saving. When the connecting rod 409 moves downward, the piston chamber 3 410 is under positive pressure. At this time, the flow path 1 4011 is closed and the flow path 2 4012 is open. The hydraulic oil enters the piston chamber 2 407 through the piston chamber 3 410 and the flow path 2 4012 in sequence. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the push rod 406 extends outward and simultaneously lifts the boom 2. The boom 2 lifts the cargo 5 through the lifting assembly 3.

[0039] When cargo 5 is lifted to the preset height, turn the switch valve 411 inward to disconnect the lower chamber and piston chamber 410, further maintaining the height of cargo 5. Then, unload cargo 5 from pallet 304. After cargo 5 is unloaded, turn the switch valve 412 outward to connect piston chamber 405 and piston chamber 407. At this time, under the gravity of boom 2 and hoisting assembly 3, push rod 406 is gradually pressed into piston cylinder 402, simultaneously driving hydraulic oil in piston chamber 407 to enter piston chamber 405 through flow path 4013; under hydraulic action, auxiliary pressure piston 413 moves upward, simultaneously compressing spring 414 to achieve reset.

[0040] It should be noted that during the tensioning of the lifting chain 303, the release of the compression spring 414 can cause the boom 2, connecting chain 301, hook 302, and lifting chain 303 to rise. This indicates that initially, the pressure transmitted by the hydraulic spring 414 is greater than the overall weight of the boom 2 and lifting assembly 3. The spring 414 does not release only because the switch valve 411 is closed, preventing the hydraulic pressure from being transmitted. Therefore, when the auxiliary pressure piston 413 resets, it may not reach its initial position, resulting in the spring 414 being in a partially compressed state. At this time, the pallet 304 may be suspended. However, when the cargo 5 is placed on the pallet 304 or a person stands on the pallet 304... At that time, under the weight of the cargo 5 / person, the pallet 304 begins to move downward and eventually falls to the ground; during the downward movement of the pallet 304, the boom 2 continues to swing synchronously, and the boom 2 drives the push rod 406 to continue to insert into the piston cylinder 402, realizing the reset; the push rod 406 synchronously drives the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber 407 to enter the piston chamber 405 through the flow path 4013; under the action of hydraulic pressure, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 moves upward to the initial position, synchronously compressing the compression spring 414, and the compression spring 414 is in a fully compressed state, realizing the reset, and then the switch valve 412 is turned inward to disconnect the piston chamber 405 and the piston chamber 407, so as to facilitate the next reset.

[0041] In a further embodiment, to ensure that the lifting of goods 5 is relatively effortless throughout the process, an auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 is also inserted into the piston chamber 1 405. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 is located below the auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 413. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 has a ring structure and is coaxially arranged with the piston cylinder 1 402. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 forms a sealed sliding connection with the piston cylinder 1 402 and piston cylinder 2 403 through a sealing element, such as a sealing ring, thereby forming a piston engagement. It is also connected to the base 401 through an elastic element 2. Under the action of the elastic element 2, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 tends to move closer to the base 401. The elastic element 2 can be set as a tension spring 416, which is inserted between the piston cylinder 1 402 and piston cylinder 2 403 and connected between the auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 and the base 401. The outer diameter of the auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 is larger than that of the auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 413. The outer diameter of 3 facilitates the subsequent reset process. Multiple oil passage holes 4151 are provided through the top of the auxiliary pressure piston 415, arranged circumferentially. These holes allow hydraulic oil to pass through, and at least one hole 4151 contains a retaining block 4152. The retaining block 4152 is connected to the auxiliary pressure piston 415 via an elastic element 3. Under the action of the elastic element 3, the retaining block 4152 tends to move outwards in the radial direction. The elastic element three can be configured as a compression spring two 4153, which is inserted into the oil passage 4151 and is horizontally positioned, and connected between the auxiliary pressurizing piston two 415 and the locking block 4152; at least one locking groove 4031 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the piston cylinder two 403, and the locking block 4152 can be inserted into the locking groove 4031, thereby locking the initial position of the auxiliary pressurizing piston two 415 and ensuring that the tension spring 416 is in a stretched and stored state.

[0042] The auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 is configured to seal the oil passage 4151 where the locking block 4152 is located, preventing oil leakage. Multiple plugs 4132 are provided at the bottom of the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413, arranged circumferentially and corresponding to the oil passage 4151. The plugs 4132 can be inserted into the oil passage 4151 to seal it and prevent oil leakage. A through hole 41521 is provided at the top of the locking block 4152. A hook 4131 is also provided at the bottom of the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413, with the hook end facing outwards. The hook 4131 can pass through the through hole 41521, and the hook... The sub-end can engage with the locking block 4152, enabling the auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 to drive the auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 413 to move synchronously; the inner side of the locking hook 4131 is provided with a spring piece 4133, which can be inserted into the through hole 41521 and can form a stop engagement with the locking block 4152. Under the action of the spring piece 4133, the locking block 4152 can move inward in the radial direction to disengage from the locking groove 4031, so that under the action of the tension spring 416, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 can approach the base 401 to assist in conveying hydraulic oil sequentially through the piston chamber 1 405 and the piston chamber 3 410 to the piston chamber 2 407.

[0043] Initially, the card block 4152 is inserted into the card slot 4031.

[0044] During operation, as the handle 408 is manually cranked, the auxiliary pressure piston 413 moves closer to the auxiliary pressure piston 415 under the combined action of the pressure difference and the spring 414. This assists in delivering hydraulic oil sequentially through piston chamber 405 and piston chamber 410 to piston chamber 407, thus saving effort. However, as the spring 414 is released, the downward force exerted by the spring on the auxiliary pressure piston 413 gradually decreases, and the effort-saving effect gradually diminishes. When the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 moves close to the auxiliary pressurizing piston 415, as the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 continues to move downward, the hook 4131 and the spring 4133 are inserted downward together into the through hole 41521 until the hook end of the hook 4131 engages with the locking block 4152. At the same time, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 blocks the oil passage 4151 where the locking block 4152 is located, and the plug 4132 blocks the remaining oil passage 4151 to prevent oil leakage. During the downward movement of the spring 4133, the spring 4133 is compressed, and its inward thrust on the locking block 4152 gradually increases. When its inward thrust on the locking block 4152 is greater than that of the compression spring 4152... When the 4153 pushes the 4152 outward, the 4152 moves inward under the resultant force and then disengages from the slot 4031. After the 4152 disengages from the slot 4031, under the action of the tension spring 416, the auxiliary pressure piston 415 drives the auxiliary pressure piston 413 to move downward synchronously through the engagement between the hook 4131 and the 4152. The auxiliary pressure piston delivers hydraulic oil sequentially through the piston chamber 405 and the piston chamber 410 to the piston chamber 407, thus saving effort. Moreover, due to the large tension generated by the tension spring 416, the effort-saving effect is still good, thereby achieving effort saving throughout the lifting and hoisting process.

[0045] When piston chamber 1 405 and piston chamber 2 407 are connected, under the gravity of boom 2 and hoisting assembly 3, push rod 406 is gradually pressed into piston cylinder 1 402, simultaneously driving hydraulic oil in piston chamber 2 407 to enter piston chamber 1 405 through flow path 3 4013; under hydraulic action, auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 drives auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 413 to move upward synchronously through the engagement between hook 4131 and block 4152; when auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 415 moves to slot 4031, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 413 moves upward synchronously. The auxiliary pressurizing piston 415 and piston cylinder 403 form a stop engagement, preventing further upward movement. At this point, under hydraulic pressure, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 continues to move upward, compressing the compression spring 414 and simultaneously driving the locking block 4152 outward through the locking hook 4131, causing the locking block 4152 to engage in the locking groove 4031, ensuring that the tension spring 416 is in a stretched and stored state. Subsequently, under hydraulic pressure, the auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 continues to move upward to the initial position, simultaneously compressing the compression spring 414 to achieve reset.

[0046] In other embodiments, when the existing hydraulic jack 4 lifts the cargo 5, regardless of whether the cargo 5 is light or heavy, the stroke of the handle 408 is fixed, resulting in a slower lifting speed when lifting light cargo 5, which affects the lifting efficiency of light cargo 5.

[0047] Based on this, the underground cargo transfer crane provided in the embodiment of the present invention is configured to have an adjusting piston 417 inserted in the piston cylinder 3 404. The adjusting piston 417 has an annular structure and is simultaneously sleeved on the connecting rod 409. It forms a sealed sliding connection with the piston cylinder 3 404 and the connecting rod 409 through a sealing element, such as a sealing ring, so that the adjusting piston 417 and the piston cylinder 3 404 form a piston engagement; the adjusting piston 417 also forms a friction engagement with the connecting rod 409.

[0048] During use, when lifting lighter loads 5, the hydraulic oil exerts less downward resistance on the adjusting piston 417. When the connecting rod 409 moves downward, it drives the adjusting piston 417 downward through friction. Since the overall cross-sectional area of ​​the adjusting piston 417 and the connecting rod 409 is larger, more hydraulic oil can be delivered from piston chamber 3 410 to piston chamber 2 407, allowing the push rod 406 to rise a greater distance during a single press of the handle 408. This enables the faster lifting of lighter loads 5 and improves lifting efficiency. When the connecting rod 409 moves upward, it drives the adjusting piston 417 upward through friction, creating a negative pressure in piston chamber 3 410. Under the pressure difference, the hydraulic oil in piston chamber 1 405 moves into piston chamber 3 410 through flow path 1 4011.

[0049] When lifting a heavy load 5, the hydraulic oil generates a large downward resistance to the adjusting piston 417. At this time, the adjusting piston 417 remains stationary, and the connecting rod 409 moves up and down independently, delivering the hydraulic oil sequentially through piston chamber 1 405, flow path 1 4011, piston chamber 3 410, and flow path 2 4012 to piston chamber 2 407. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the push rod 406 extends outward, simultaneously raising the boom 2. The boom 2 lifts the load 5 through the lifting assembly 3.

[0050] In a further embodiment, to improve the stability of the fit between the adjusting piston 417 and the connecting rod 409, the adjusting piston 417 is connected to the connecting rod 409 through the adjusting assembly 418. Under the action of the adjusting assembly 418, the adjusting piston 417 can slide synchronously with the connecting rod 409 and slide relative to the connecting rod 409.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, the adjusting component 418 can be configured to include a wedge groove 4181 and a rod 4182. The wedge groove 4181 is formed on the inner wall of the adjusting piston 417 and has a near-right-angled triangular structure. The shorter right-angled side of the wedge groove 4181 is on top and perpendicular to the axis of the adjusting piston 417, while the longer right-angled side is on the inside and parallel to the axis of the adjusting piston 417. The rod 4182 is inserted into the connecting rod 409 and is perpendicular to the connecting rod 409. An elastic element four is connected between the inner end of the rod 4182 and the connecting rod 409. Under the action of the elastic element four, the rod 4182 tends to move outward in the radial direction, thereby forming a plug-in engagement with the wedge groove 4181, which facilitates driving the connecting rod 409 to drive the adjusting piston 417 to move upward together. The elastic element four can be configured as a compression spring three 4183.

[0052] During use, when lifting lighter loads 5, the hydraulic oil exerts less downward resistance on the adjusting piston 417. When the connecting rod 409 moves downward, it drives the adjusting piston 417 downward through frictional engagement and the abutment engagement between the insert rod 4182 and the wedge groove 4181, thus improving the stability of synchronous movement. When the connecting rod 409 moves upward, it drives the adjusting piston 417 upward through the insertion engagement between the insert rod 4182 and the wedge groove 4181, thus improving the stability of synchronous movement.

[0053] When lifting a heavy load 5, the hydraulic oil generates a large downward resistance to the adjusting piston 417. At this time, the adjusting piston 417 remains stationary, and the connecting rod 409 moves up and down independently, delivering the hydraulic oil sequentially through piston chamber 1 405, flow path 1 4011, piston chamber 3 410, and flow path 2 4012 to piston chamber 2 407. Under the action of the hydraulic oil, the push rod 406 extends outward, simultaneously raising the boom 2. The boom 2 lifts the load 5 through the lifting assembly 3.

[0054] In a further embodiment, to improve the connection stability between the connecting rod 409 and the adjusting piston 417, the number of wedge grooves 4181 and insert rods 4182 are equal, and there are multiple of each, and they are all arranged circumferentially.

[0055] As an example, there can be two wedge grooves 4181, which are arranged opposite each other; correspondingly, there are two insert rods 4182, which are arranged opposite each other, and a compression spring 4183 is connected between the two insert rods 4182. Under the action of the compression spring 4183, both insert rods 4182 tend to move outward.

[0056] In other embodiments, to improve applicability, the top rod 406 is configured to have multiple hinge points on the boom 2, and these hinge points are arranged along the extension direction of the boom 2. According to the lever balance principle, F1*L1=F2*L2, as... Figure 16As shown, F1 is the weight of cargo 5, L1 is the distance between cargo 5 and the hinge point between boom 2 and support 1, and F1*L1 remains unchanged; the thrust generated by the top rod 406 on boom 2 is inclined upward and is F, and the angle between it and the vertical line is θ, then F2=F*cosθ, L2 is the distance between the hinge point of the top rod 406 and boom 2 and the hinge point between boom 2 and support 1. When L2 decreases, θ decreases, cosθ increases, and F2 decreases accordingly, thus saving more effort and improving applicability.

[0057] In other embodiments, to directly transfer the goods 5, reducing the need for transfer equipment and simplifying the operation, multiple rollers 101 are provided at the bottom of the support 1, each roller 101 capable of rotating around its own axis. Thus, after the boom 2 lifts the goods 5, the rollers 101 can drive the support 1 to move, achieving direct transfer of the goods 5.

[0058] It should be noted that after the cargo 5 is transferred to the designated location, the switch valve 412 is turned outward to connect piston chamber 405 and piston chamber 407. At this time, under the overall gravity of the boom 2, the hoisting assembly 3, and the cargo 5, the push rod 406 is gradually pressed into piston cylinder 402, which simultaneously drives the hydraulic oil in piston chamber 407 to enter piston chamber 405 through flow path 4013. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, auxiliary pressurizing piston 413 and auxiliary pressurizing piston 415 both move upward to their initial positions, simultaneously compressing spring 414 and tension spring 416 to achieve reset.

[0059] Therefore, by utilizing the gravity of cargo 5, the hydraulic oil in piston chamber 2 407 has a large pressure, which can not only realize the reset of compression spring 1 414 and tension spring 416, but also counteract the damping caused by the narrowness of flow path 3 4013 when passing through it, thus ensuring oil return efficiency.

[0060] In other embodiments, the hoisting assembly 3 may also be configured to include a hoisting chain 303 and a hook 302, with the hoisting chain 303 fixed to one end of the boom 2 that is suspended in the air; and the hook 302 fixed to one end of the hoisting chain 303 away from the boom 2 and used to hook onto the cargo 5.

[0061] In other embodiments, a protective sleeve 4084 is fitted onto the suspended end of the handle 408 to protect the hand.

[0062] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0063] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A crane for transferring goods underground, characterized in that, The crane used for transferring goods underground includes a support frame, boom, lifting components, and hydraulic jacks; One end of the boom is hinged to the support, while the other end is suspended in the air. The lifting assembly is located at one of the suspended ends of the boom, and includes at least a lifting chain, and is configured to lift goods; The hydraulic jack includes a base, which is hinged to a support frame. The base is equipped with piston cylinders one, two, and three. Piston cylinder one is inserted into piston cylinder two and is sealed to it. A piston chamber one is formed between piston cylinders one, two, and the base. A push rod is inserted into piston cylinder one, forming a piston-like engagement with it. One end of the push rod extending beyond piston cylinder one is hinged to the boom. A piston chamber two is formed between the push rod, piston cylinder one, and the base. A handle is hinged to the base. A connecting rod is inserted into piston cylinder three, forming a piston-like engagement with it. One end of the connecting rod extending beyond piston cylinder three is hinged to the handle. On the handle, a piston chamber three is formed between the connecting rod, piston cylinder three, and the base; the base has flow path one, flow path two, and flow path three. Flow path one connects piston chamber one and piston chamber three in one direction, and a switch valve one is provided at one point in the flow path; flow path two connects piston chamber two and piston chamber three in one direction; flow path three connects piston chamber one and piston chamber two, and a switch valve two is provided at the flow path three; an auxiliary pressurizing piston one is inserted in piston chamber one. The auxiliary pressurizing piston one also forms a piston cooperation with piston cylinder one and piston cylinder two, and is connected to piston cylinder one through elastic element one. Under the action of elastic element one, the auxiliary pressurizing piston one tends to move closer to the base.

2. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, An auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 is also installed inside piston chamber 1. Auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 forms a piston-like engagement with both piston cylinder 1 and piston cylinder 2, and is connected to the base via elastic element 2. Under the action of elastic element 2, auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 tends to move closer to the base. Multiple oil passages are provided on auxiliary pressurizing piston 2, configured to allow hydraulic oil to pass through. At least one oil passage contains a locking block, which is connected to auxiliary pressurizing piston 2 via elastic element 3. Under the action of elastic element 3, the locking block tends to move outward in the radial direction and can engage with piston cylinder 2. Auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 is configured to block the oil passage where the locking block is located. Auxiliary pressurizing piston 1 is equipped with a hook and multiple plugs. The plugs are configured to block the oil passages, and the hooks are configured to pass through the locking block and engage with it. A spring plate is provided on the hook, which can engage with the locking block to provide a stop. Under the action of the spring plate, the locking block can move inward in the radial direction.

3. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second elastic element is a tension spring.

4. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third elastic element is the second compression spring.

5. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjusting piston is sealed between piston cylinder three and connecting rod. The adjusting piston and piston cylinder three form a piston fit, and it also forms a friction fit with connecting rod.

6. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adjusting piston is connected to the connecting rod via an adjusting assembly. Under the action of the adjusting assembly, the adjusting piston can slide synchronously with the connecting rod and also slide relative to the connecting rod.

7. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjusting assembly includes a wedge groove and a insert rod. The wedge groove is formed on the inner wall of the adjusting piston. The insert rod is inserted into the connecting rod and can slide elastically in the radial direction, and can form a plug-in engagement with the wedge groove.

8. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic element is a compression spring.

9. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top rod has multiple hinge points on the boom, and these hinge points are arranged along the extension direction of the boom.

10. The underground cargo transfer crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the bracket is equipped with multiple rollers, each of which can rotate around its own axis.

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