Equipment and production process for wrapping compound fertilizer with liquid fungicide

Abstract

The invention relates to equipment and a production process for wrapping a compound fertilizer with a liquid microbial inoculum, and the equipment comprises a microbial inoculum wrapping roller, a granular fertilizer conveyor for conveying a granular fertilizer into the microbial inoculum wrapping roller, a microbial inoculum stirring barrel for preparing a microbial inoculum, and a stirring tank for preparing a surfactant, the bacteria liquid conveying and spraying device is used for conveying and spraying bacteria liquid into the bacteria coating roller; the special fungus spraying system has the advantages that the production process flow of the compound fertilizer fungus coating is simple and convenient, the control is simple and reliable, the failure rate is low, continuous and stable production can be realized, and meanwhile, the special fungus spraying system has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, simple maintenance, simple operation, high use rate, high safety and the like; meanwhile, the device can achieve stable fluid output, and compared with an existing fertilizer spraying process, the spraying efficiency and the spraying stability are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of compound fertilizer encapsulation technology, specifically to a device and production process for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agents. Background Technology

[0002] Compound fertilizers are chemical fertilizers containing two or more major nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), produced through chemical synthesis or physical mixing. They can simultaneously supplement multiple nutrients, improving fertilizer utilization and are widely used high-efficiency fertilizers in agricultural production. However, due to the increasing application of existing compound fertilizers, their low efficiency, and significant leaching, they cause water and soil pollution, and in severe cases, affect soil safety, leading to soil microbial destruction and soil compaction. Adding microorganisms to compound fertilizers (i.e., producing microbial-containing compound fertilizers) is an innovative approach combining chemical fertilizers with biotechnology, significantly improving the overall effect of fertilizers and providing multiple benefits to soil and crop health. To enhance the activity of beneficial bacteria in the soil, promote their reproduction, improve the root growth environment of crops, and enhance fertilizer efficiency, some fertilizer companies coat the surface of fertilizer granules with microorganisms after compound fertilizer granulation.

[0003] Agricultural microbial inoculants come in two formulations: liquid and powder. Powder is the more common form used in fertilizers. Because powdered microbial inoculants are extremely fine (generally around 200 mesh), their addition to fertilizers significantly increases dust levels at the production site, impacting the production environment and the occupational health of workers. Furthermore, the small size and dryness of powdered microbial inoculants, combined with the large differences in density and particle size between powdered and granular fertilizers (e.g., compound fertilizer granules are typically 2-4 mm), easily leads to stratification or sedimentation, resulting in insufficient mixing uniformity (CV value > 15%). This affects the distribution of the inoculants and makes them highly susceptible to detachment from the surface of solid compound fertilizers during storage or transportation, thus affecting the efficacy of the microbial compound fertilizer. Additionally, the detached powdered microorganisms can accumulate at the bottom of fertilizer packaging, affecting the fertilizer's marketability.

[0004] When using liquid microorganisms to coat compound fertilizers, ensuring uniformity is crucial. Uneven addition can cause localized excessive moisture in the liquid microbial agent, resulting in a viscous surface that easily clumps together and adheres to the conveyor belt and the inner wall of the fertilizer coating roller. This not only leads to waste but also increases cleaning workload. Furthermore, uneven addition of the microbial agent can cause inconsistencies in the fertilizer's effectiveness.

[0005] The traditional method of adding liquid microbial agents is similar to the method of adding other additives that fertilizer companies usually add (such as coated oil, polyglutamic acid, alginic acid, etc.). The liquid product is blown into the coating roller by compressed air. This method produces a good atomization effect, but because the liquid is too dispersed, it will diffuse into the coating roller and even into the environment, resulting in waste of the added product and occupational health risks to production personnel.

[0006] Traditional non-plant endogenous microbial inoculants generally require fertilizer granules with a microbial count in the hundreds of millions of CFU / g to be effective for crop growth when applied to soil. However, using plant endogenous microbial inoculants only requires a microbial count in the millions of CFU / g to achieve significant results. Because the number of microorganisms on the surface of fertilizer granules using plant endogenous microbial inoculants is low, a fatty acid ester-based nonionic surfactant dispersant needs to be sprayed after coating to reduce the surface tension of the soil solution. This allows the spores coated on the fertilizer granules to quickly diffuse into the soil and multiply after contact. The third and outermost coating layer primarily prevents clumping during storage, transportation, and use, which could negatively impact the fertilizer's effectiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing a device and production process for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agents.

[0008] The present invention includes a bacterial coating drum, a granular fertilizer conveyor for conveying granular fertilizer into the bacterial coating drum, a bacterial solution mixing tank for preparing bacterial solution, a mixing tank for preparing surfactant, and a bacterial solution conveying and spraying device for conveying and spraying bacterial solution into the bacterial coating drum. The bacterial solution conveying and spraying device includes a first filter, a metering pump, a pulsation damper, a pressure gauge, a back pressure valve, a flow meter, and a second filter connected in sequence. The inlet of the first filter is connected to the outlet of the bacterial solution mixing tank. The front end of the bacterial coating drum is provided with a first fan-shaped nozzle connected to the second filter and a second fan-shaped nozzle connected to the mixing tank.

[0009] A sampling branch pipe is provided between the metering pump and the pulsation damper, and a safety valve is provided on the sampling branch pipe. A calibration column connected to the sampling branch pipe is provided between the metering pump and the first filter.

[0010] The first filter is a Y-type filter, and the Y-type filter screen is an 80-mesh screen.

[0011] The second filter is a T-type filter, and the T-type filter has a 200-mesh screen.

[0012] The fan-shaped nozzle opens at an angle of 90°-110° when the fluid is working.

[0013] The flow meter is a turbine flow meter.

[0014] The diameter of the incubation roller is 1600mm, the length is 6000mm, the rotation speed of the incubation roller is 12.5r / min, and the distance between the first and second fan-shaped nozzles is 1500mm.

[0015] A device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent, wherein the encapsulation process steps of the encapsulation roller 1 are as follows: ① Bacterial liquid spraying: Atomized bacterial liquid is sprayed onto the surface of compound fertilizer granules through the first fan-shaped nozzle. The sprayed granular fertilizer is evenly mixed by the normal production operation of the bacterial coating roller. ② Spray a nonionic surfactant of fatty acid esters. The atomized nonionic surfactant of fatty acid esters is sprayed onto the surface of compound fertilizer particles through the second fan-shaped nozzle to reduce the surface tension of the soil solution, so that the compound fertilizer containing bacteria can quickly diffuse into the soil and reproduce and grow after contact with the soil. ③ Anti-caking coating: The normal anti-caking coating process in fertilizer production is adopted. After completion, it is transported to the next production process according to the actual production process flow.

[0016] A production process for encapsulating compound fertilizer with a liquid microbial agent, wherein the quantity of each strain in the microbial solution is as follows: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: ≥1.2 billion CFU / ml Bacillus subtilis: ≥1.3 billion CFU / ml Bacillus pumilus: ≥1.3 billion CFU / ml Bacillus licheniformis: ≥1.2 billion CFU / ml The fatty acid ester nonionic surfactant is sorbitan monolaurate.

[0017] The advantages of this invention are: it simplifies the compound fertilizer microbial inoculant production process, makes control simple and reliable, reduces the failure rate, and enables continuous and stable production. Furthermore, the invention's dedicated microbial spraying system boasts advantages such as simple structure, high reliability, easy maintenance, convenient operation, high usability, and high safety. Additionally, the device can achieve relatively stable fluid output, significantly improving spraying efficiency and stability compared to traditional liquid microbial agent spraying processes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bacterial liquid delivery spray device. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, if terms such as "first" or "second" appear in the description of this invention, they are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] As shown in the attached drawings, the present invention includes a bacterial coating drum 1, a granular fertilizer conveyor 2 for conveying granular fertilizer into the bacterial coating drum 1, a bacterial solution mixing tank 3 for preparing bacterial solution, a mixing tank 4 for preparing surfactant, and a bacterial solution conveying and spraying device for conveying and spraying bacterial solution into the bacterial coating drum 1. The bacterial solution conveying and spraying device includes a first filter 5, a metering pump 6, a pulsation damper 7, a pressure gauge 8, a back pressure valve 9, a flow meter 10, and a second filter 11 connected in sequence. The inlet of the first filter 5 is connected to the outlet of the bacterial solution mixing tank 3. The front end of the bacterial coating drum 1 is provided with a first fan-shaped nozzle 12 connected to the second filter 11 and a second fan-shaped nozzle 13 connected to the mixing tank 4.

[0025] A sampling branch pipe 15 is provided between the metering pump 6 and the pulsation damper 7, and a safety valve 16 is provided on the sampling branch pipe 15. A calibration column 17 communicating with the sampling branch pipe 15 is provided between the metering pump 6 and the first filter 5.

[0026] The first filter 5 is a Y-type filter, and the Y-type filter screen is an 80-mesh screen.

[0027] The second filter 11 is a T-type filter, and the filter screen of the T-type filter is a 200-mesh filter screen.

[0028] The fan-shaped nozzle 13 opens at a fluid angle of 90°-110° during operation.

[0029] The flow meter 10 is a turbine flow meter.

[0030] The inoculum-coating roller 1 has a diameter of 1600mm and a length of 6000mm. The rotation speed of the inoculum-coating roller 1 is 12.5r / min. The distance between the first sector nozzle 12 and the second sector nozzle 13 is 1500mm.

[0031] In actual production, the pressure of the pipeline and the first sector nozzle 12 is stabilized between 2-3 bar by the pulsation damper 7.

[0032] A device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent, wherein the encapsulation process steps of the encapsulation roller 1 are as follows: ① Bacterial liquid spraying: Atomized bacterial liquid is sprayed onto the surface of compound fertilizer granules through the first fan-shaped nozzle 12. The sprayed granular fertilizer is evenly mixed by the normal production operation of the bacterial coating roller 1. ② Spray a nonionic surfactant of fatty acid esters. The atomized nonionic surfactant of fatty acid esters is sprayed onto the surface of the compound fertilizer particles through the second fan-shaped nozzle 13 to reduce the surface tension of the soil solution, so that the compound fertilizer containing bacteria can quickly diffuse into the soil and reproduce and grow after contact with the soil. ③ Anti-caking coating: The normal anti-caking coating process in fertilizer production is adopted. After completion, it is transported to the next production process according to the actual production process flow.

[0033] A production process for encapsulating compound fertilizer with a liquid microbial agent, wherein the quantity of each strain in the microbial solution is as follows: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: ≥1.2 billion CFU / ml Bacillus subtilis: ≥1.3 billion CFU / ml Bacillus pumilus: ≥1.3 billion CFU / ml Bacillus licheniformis: ≥1.2 billion CFU / ml The error in the number ratio of each strain is controlled within 25%. The microbial agent is in liquid form, light beige, with a pH of 5-7 and a density of 1.05 g / ml. Its fluidity and density are close to those of water.

[0034] The fatty acid ester nonionic surfactant is sorbitan monolaurate.

[0035] The first fan-shaped nozzle 12 and the second fan-shaped nozzle 13 sequentially introduce the microbial solution and the liquid fatty acid ester nonionic surfactant into the microbial coating roller 1. Both the first fan-shaped nozzle 12 and the second fan-shaped nozzle 13 are positioned at the front end of the fertilizer anti-caking agent spraying, with a spacing of approximately 1.5 meters between each nozzle. The amount of microbial solution used per ton of fertilizer is ≤1.5 kg. The microbial coating system includes a microbial solution, and the main equipment consists of a microbial solution mixing tank 3, which comprises a ton container and a mixing device. During use, the mixing device is inserted into the ton container to agitate the microbial solution. IBC containers (if the ambient temperature is below 0℃, the IBC containers need to be placed in an insulated box to ensure that the temperature of the bacterial solution in the IBC container is within the range of 0-45℃), and mixing equipment (the main purpose of mixing is to ensure that the different bacterial species in the bacterial solution are evenly distributed in the bacterial solution as much as possible). The first filter 5, metering pump 6, pulsation damper 7, back pressure valve 9, flow meter 10, and second filter 11 are connected in series. Fluid flows through these components to form a continuous channel. A pressure gauge 8 is installed on the connecting pipe between the pulsation damper 7 and the back pressure valve 9. The metering pump 6 precisely controls the flow rate of the bacterial solution, ensuring it is added to the system as needed. The pulsation damper 7 stabilizes the flow rate by slowing the fluid velocity, reducing flow fluctuations caused by pressure changes and pump wear. The pressure gauge 8 displays the pressure value. The safety valve opens to discharge some excess medium to prevent further pressure increases. When the system pressure drops to a specified value, the valve automatically closes, ensuring normal system operation. The back pressure valve 9 maintains a certain pressure at the discharge end of the metering pump 6 to ensure accurate metering by counteracting suction inertia and preventing system siphoning when the process pressure is lower than the suction pressure. During the discharge stroke of the metering pump 6, pressure acts on the diaphragm, lifting it away from the valve seat, allowing the delivered liquid to pass through. When the pump's discharge flow rate decreases to 0 (suction stroke), the spring resets the diaphragm, separating the low-pressure liquid between the pump outlet and the valve, thus ensuring a constant positive pressure on the pump outlet check valve. This plays a crucial role in regulating back pressure within the system, maintaining system pressure stability. The first filter 5 is a Y-type filter located at the front end of the metering pump 6. The Y-type filter has an 80-mesh screen inside to prevent impurities and foreign objects from entering the metering pump and damaging the equipment.

[0036] The second filter 11 is a T-type filter located at the end of the fluid flow path, before the first fan-shaped nozzle 12, to prevent impurities from entering the first fan-shaped nozzle 12 and causing blockage. The T-type filter is equipped with a 200-mesh filter screen.

[0037] The main piping is made of UPVC and includes: pipes, unions, elbows, tees, and pipe clamps; the auxiliary piping is an 8mm outer diameter compressed air pipe. Due to the size design of the turbine flow meter, the fluid must be converted from UPVC to an 8mm outer diameter air pipe via a pagoda connector before connecting to the flow meter. The selection of the first fan-shaped nozzle 12 is determined by the required flow rate. When operating, the fluid opening angle of the first fan-shaped nozzle 12 is 90° to 110°. This fan-shaped surface effectively covers the fertilizer being stirred in the drum, achieving a good spraying effect.

[0038] The flow meter 10 integrates an electrical control box, which is used to control the start and stop of the metering pump 6. The electrical control box contains a PLC, power supply components, control components, and wiring terminals. The turbine flow meter is located at the end of the pipeline and can accurately measure instantaneous flow and cumulative flow. It is equipped with an electronic display for operator reference.

[0039] The amount of liquid fatty acid ester nonionic surfactant dispersant used in the second layer of coating is ≤1 kg / ton as a ratio to the fertilizer weight. Since this type of raw material has good dispersibility, the spraying is carried out by a variable frequency metering gear pump to the second fan-shaped nozzle 13, and the air blows and atomizes the coating onto the fertilizer. In order to ensure that the liquid fatty acid ester nonionic surfactant has good fluidity, the coating tank is equipped with an electric heating constant temperature device, and the normal operating temperature is ≤75℃.

[0040] The third layer is the fertilizer anti-caking agent coating system, which is equipped in the compound fertilizer production equipment process (using octadecyl primary ammonium salt coating, with a ratio of ≥1.0 kg / ton to compound fertilizer).

Claims

1. A device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent, characterized in that... The system includes a bacterial drum (1), a granular fertilizer conveyor (2) for conveying granular fertilizer into the bacterial drum (1), a bacterial solution mixing tank (3) for preparing bacterial solution, a mixing tank (4) for preparing surfactant, and a bacterial solution conveying and spraying device for conveying and spraying bacterial solution into the bacterial drum (1). The bacterial solution conveying and spraying device includes a first filter (5), a metering pump (6), a pulsation damper (7), a pressure gauge (8), a back pressure valve (9), a flow meter (10), and a second filter (11) connected in sequence. The inlet of the first filter (5) is connected to the outlet of the bacterial solution mixing tank (3). The front end of the bacterial drum (1) is provided with a first fan-shaped nozzle (12) connected to the second filter (11) and a second fan-shaped nozzle (13) connected to the mixing tank (4).

2. The device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that... A sampling branch pipe (15) is provided between the metering pump (6) and the pulsation damper (7), and a safety valve (16) is provided on the sampling branch pipe (15). A calibration column (17) communicating with the sampling branch pipe (15) is provided between the metering pump (6) and the first filter (5).

3. The device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent according to claim 2, characterized in that... The first filter (5) is a Y-type filter, and the filter screen of the Y-type filter is an 80-mesh filter screen.

4. The device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that... The second filter (11) is a T-type filter, and the filter screen of the T-type filter is a 200-mesh filter screen.

5. The device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that... The fluid opening angle of the fan-shaped nozzle (13) is 90°-110° when it is working.

6. The device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that... The flow meter (10) is a turbine flow meter.

7. The device for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that... The diameter of the incubation roller (1) is 1600mm and the length is 6000mm. The rotation speed of the incubation roller (1) is 12.5r / min. The distance between the first fan-shaped nozzle (12) and the second fan-shaped nozzle (13) is 1500mm.

8. A production process for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent, wherein the equipment for encapsulating compound fertilizer with liquid microbial agent as described in any one of claims 1-7 is characterized in that... The inoculum coating process of the inoculum coating roller (1) is as follows: ① Bacterial liquid spraying: Atomized bacterial liquid is sprayed onto the surface of compound fertilizer granules through the first fan-shaped nozzle (12), and the sprayed granular fertilizer is stirred evenly through the normal production operation of the bacterial coating roller (1). ② Spray a nonionic surfactant of fatty acid esters. The atomized nonionic surfactant of fatty acid esters is sprayed onto the surface of the compound fertilizer particles through the second fan-shaped nozzle (13) to reduce the surface tension of the soil solution, so that the compound fertilizer containing bacteria can quickly spread into the soil to reproduce and grow after contact with the soil. ③ Anti-caking coating: The normal anti-caking coating process in fertilizer production is adopted. After completion, it is transported to the next production process according to the actual production process flow.

9. In the production process of a liquid microbial agent-coated compound fertilizer according to claim 8, the quantity of each strain in the microbial solution preparation is as follows: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: ≥1.2 billion CFU / ml Bacillus subtilis: ≥1.3 billion CFU / ml Bacillus pumilus: ≥1.3 billion CFU / ml Bacillus licheniformis: ≥1.2 billion CFU / ml.

10. The production process of a liquid microbial agent-coated compound fertilizer according to claim 7, characterized in that... The fatty acid ester nonionic surfactant is sorbitan monolaurate.

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