Floating breakwater, system and method of arrangement thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a floating type wave protection device, a system and a layout method thereof, and comprises a plurality of damping units arranged uniformly along a sea level and a suspension unit for floating the damping units, wherein the damping unit comprises a plurality of damping plates arranged in a vertical direction along the sea level, a rigid connecting unit is arranged between two adjacent damping plates, the damping plate comprises a horizontal plate and vertical plates fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate, the horizontal plate and the two vertical plates are arranged in an H-shaped layout, the height h of the vertical plate gradually decreases in a vertical downward direction along the sea level, and the spacing r between two adjacent vertical plates shows an increasing trend in the vertical downward direction along the sea level; and the application further comprises a plurality of anchoring units arranged uniformly around four sides of the damping unit, and the vertical damping plate extension and gradual change design are adopted from the perspective of a three-dimensional structure, so that the wave absorbing effect in the vertical direction is significantly improved, and the wave energy of different water depths can be more effectively dissipated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wave protection technology, and in particular to a floating wave protection device, system and its arrangement method. Background Technology

[0002] To provide shelter for marine waters with special needs (such as those requiring port protection, offshore operations, or aquaculture cover), breakwaters (or wave-dissipating dikes) are needed to ensure relative calm. Floating breakwaters are a modern marine hydraulic engineering structure, widely used due to their economic efficiency, minimal environmental impact, and deployment flexibility during marine operations. Patent application JP2022568371A discloses a floating wave-dissipating device and a wave-dissipating dike (i.e., a floating wave-dissipating device and dike). By adjusting the distance between the first and second push plates and the depths of the first and second floating devices, it induces resonant motion between external waves and internal water waves, dissipating the energy of long-period external waves. It also includes a first energy... The first energy dissipation device removes the energy of short-period waves, thus being suitable for both short-wave and long-wave dissipation. This solution is simple to assemble and can be widely deployed on the sea surface. However, its drawbacks are that the overall structure is relatively complex, and under the impact of waves in the highly corrosive marine environment, the later maintenance and upkeep costs are high, making it difficult to deploy it in a targeted manner according to the characteristics of different sea areas. At the same time, it is also necessary to consider that wave energy exists not only on the surface and near-surface layer of the sea area, but also in the vertical direction. Long-period waves (such as swells) can affect deeper water layers, while short-period waves (such as wind waves) are mainly concentrated near the sea surface. The wave dissipation mechanism of the device in the above solution needs to be actively adjusted and is mainly concentrated on the surface or near-surface layer. The wave dissipation effect in the vertical direction of the sea area is limited, reducing the three-dimensional wave protection and dissipation effect. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a floating wave-damping device, system and its arrangement method, which can be conveniently and targetedly deployed in the horizontal and vertical directions in different sea areas to achieve wave-damping and wave-dissipating effects from a three-dimensional perspective.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a floating wave-damping device, comprising a plurality of damping units uniformly arranged along the sea surface and a suspension unit that drives the damping units to float. Each damping unit includes a plurality of damping plates arranged vertically along the sea surface, with a rigid connecting unit between adjacent damping plates. Each damping plate includes a horizontal plate parallel to the sea surface and vertical plates fixed to both sides of the horizontal plate along the wave current direction. The horizontal plate and the two vertical plates are arranged in an H-shape. The height h of the vertical plates decreases progressively downwards along the sea surface, and the distance r between adjacent vertical plates increases progressively downwards along the sea surface. Wave-damping holes are uniformly formed on the horizontal plates, with the diameter of the wave-damping holes on the horizontal plates decreasing progressively downwards along the sea surface. Wave-damping pipes are fixed to the wave-damping holes, with the axis of the wave-damping pipes perpendicular to the horizontal plates. The device also includes a plurality of anchoring units uniformly arranged circumferentially along the four sides of the damping units. The anchoring units tighten the suspension unit so that the topmost damping plate of the damping unit is close to the sea surface.

[0006] It also includes a sinking unit that cooperates with the horizontal plate furthest from the sea level. The lower unit includes a plurality of lower structures evenly arranged along the length of the horizontal plate. The lower structure includes a plurality of sinking components evenly arranged along the width of the horizontal plate. The sinking component includes a sinking block and a sinking chain. One end of the sinking chain is fixedly connected to the sinking block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate furthest from the sea level.

[0007] The suspension unit includes a plurality of transverse buoys evenly spaced along the length of the horizontal plate and a plurality of longitudinal buoys disposed at both ends of the transverse buoys. The vertical plate is connected to the longitudinal buoys by anchor chains. The transverse buoys and the longitudinal buoys are connected by anchor chains. The bottom of the transverse buoys is connected to the horizontal plate closest to the sea level by anchor chains.

[0008] The anchoring unit includes several anchoring structures evenly arranged circumferentially along the four sides of the damping unit. Each anchoring structure includes an anchor head embedded in the seabed, and the anchor head is connected to the transverse buoy or the longitudinal buoy via an anchor chain.

[0009] The rigid connection unit includes several connecting rods evenly arranged along the circumference of the horizontal plate. The two ends of the connecting rods are respectively connected to the flange of the horizontal plate, and a mesh is also provided between two adjacent connecting rods.

[0010] A floating wave-damping system includes several floating wave-damping devices as described above, with the floating wave-damping devices arranged around the work area.

[0011] A method for arranging a floating wavebreak device, used to arrange a floating wavebreak system, includes the following steps:

[0012] S00: Pre-assemble damping units, suspension units, sinking units and anchoring units in modules, and then hoist the pre-assembled damping units and sinking units into the working water area respectively;

[0013] S10: Connect the sinking unit to the bottom of the damping unit, hoist the first damping unit and sinking unit assembly into the seawater at the starting position of the floating wavebreak system and keep it vertical, and then connect the corresponding suspension unit to the assembly to form an integrated body;

[0014] S20: Deploy anchoring units that cooperate with the integrated body to fix the position of the integrated body;

[0015] S30: Repeat steps S10 and S20 until the end point of the floating breakwater system layout, gradually expanding to form a breakwater array.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) In this invention, a three-dimensional stabilization system is first formed by suspending units and anchoring units, and then wave damping and wave protection are achieved by multiple vertically designed damping plates. The entire breakwater structure does not require active adjustment and is a fixed rigid or suspended structure, which greatly simplifies the system, reduces the failure rate, and has a longer expected lifespan. The entire damping unit is fully modular, which is convenient for manufacturing, transportation, installation and maintenance. When a single unit is damaged, it does not affect the overall function and can be replaced individually.

[0018] (2) Starting from the three-dimensional structure, the present invention significantly improves the wave dissipation effect in the vertical direction through the extension and gradual design of the damping plate in the vertical direction, and can more effectively dissipate the wave energy at different water depths. On the basis of the vertical three-dimensional arrangement of multiple damping plates, wave-proof holes and wave-proof pipes with gradual vertical direction are also set on the horizontal plate of the damping plate. Together, they constitute an energy dissipation in three-dimensional space and at different scales.

[0019] (3) The H-shaped damping plate array with gradually decreasing height and gradually decreasing spacing has optimized the spatial distribution of wave-damping materials according to the wave physics characteristics. By changing the number of damping units, the number of H-shaped plate layers and the specific size, it is relatively easy to customize the breakwater for sea areas with different energy distributions. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a floating wave-damping device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a side view of a floating wave-damping device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side view diagram of a floating wave-damping device provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the damping plate provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a floating wave-damping device (with wave-damping tube) provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a floating wave-damping device (with netting) provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of a floating wave-damping system provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1. Damping unit; 11. Damping plate; 111. Horizontal plate; 112. Vertical plate; 1111. Wave-damping hole; 1112. Wave-damping pipe;

[0029] 2. Suspension unit; 21. Lateral buoy; 22. Longitudinal buoy;

[0030] 3. Rigid connection unit; 31. Connecting rod; 32. Wire mesh;

[0031] 4. Anchoring unit; 41. Anchoring structure; 411. Anchor head;

[0032] 5. Sinking unit; 51. Lower structure; 511. Sinking component; 5111. Sinking block; 5112. Sinking chain. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] To construct breakwaters (or breakwaters) for waters with special needs at sea to ensure relative calm in the operating area, the following two points need to be addressed:

[0035] (1) Under the impact of waves in the highly corrosive marine environment, it is necessary to make targeted deployments according to the characteristics of different sea areas to reduce the cost of later maintenance and upkeep;

[0036] (2) Long-period waves (such as swells) can affect deeper water layers, while short-period waves (such as wind waves) are mainly concentrated near the sea level. Therefore, in order to improve the three-dimensional wave protection and wave dissipation effect, it is also necessary to carry out effective wave dissipation in the vertical direction of the sea area.

[0037] In summary, the present invention provides a floating wave-damping device, system, and arrangement method thereof.

[0038] Example 1: A floating wave-damping device, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the device includes several damping units 1 evenly arranged along the sea surface and a suspension unit 2 that drives the damping units 1 to float. To improve the three-dimensional wave protection and dissipation effect, the damping unit 1 includes several damping plates 11 arranged vertically along the sea surface. The damping plate 11 includes a horizontal plate 111 arranged parallel to the sea surface and vertical plates 112 fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate 111 along the wave direction. The horizontal plate 111 and the two vertical plates 112 are arranged in an H-shape. By superimposing the horizontal plate 111 with the vertical plates 112 on both sides in an H-shape, a basic and efficient three-dimensional energy dissipation unit is formed. The horizontal plate 111 is mainly used to interfere with and dissipate the vertical movement of the water body and resist the orbital movement of water particles in the wave. The vertical plate 112 is mainly used to interfere with and dissipate the horizontal movement of the water body and directly resist the water flow driven by the wave. This combination can act on multiple motion components of the wave at the same time, thereby more effectively converting the wave kinetic energy into turbulence and eddies in three-dimensional space, and finally achieving the purpose of dissipating wave energy.

[0039] Based on the structure of the damping plate 11 described above, in order to further effectively reduce waves in the vertical direction of the sea area, a rigid connection unit 3 is provided between two adjacent damping plates 11, such as... Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the rigid connection unit 3 includes several connecting rods 31 evenly arranged around the circumference of the horizontal plate 111. The two ends of the connecting rods 31 are connected to the flanges of the horizontal plate 111 respectively, and a mesh 32 is also provided between two adjacent connecting rods 31. In this way, it is possible to conveniently connect and pre-assemble two adjacent damping plates 11 in the vertical direction, ensuring that multiple H-shaped damping plates 11 work together as a whole. At the same time, since the connecting rods 31 are rigid, the multiple vertically distributed damping plates 11 will not deform under the impact of waves, so that multiple H-shaped damping plates 11 work together as a whole (i.e., damping unit 1). After adding the mesh 32, it can further break up large eddies, increase turbulence, and improve wave energy dissipation efficiency.

[0040] The wave energy distribution follows a pattern of exponential decay from sea level downwards, with the amplitude of water particle motion decreasing with increasing depth. Therefore, vertically, we divide waves into a surface region (higher energy), a mid-level region (energy decreasing and transitioning), and a bottom region (lower energy). Further optimization is then performed on the structural distribution of the damping plate 11 and the wave energy decay pattern along water depth, focusing on the variations in the plate spacing r and plate height h of the vertical plates 112.

[0041] (1) Firstly, from the perspective of the height h of the vertical plate 112, the height h of the vertical plate 112 decreases gradually in the direction vertically downward from the sea level; specifically, in the surface area, the characteristics are that the water particles near the sea level have large trajectories and high speeds, which is the area with the most concentrated energy. Therefore, a strategy of large height and strong energy consumption is adopted for the vertical plate 112, that is, for the height h of the vertical plate 112, there needs to be a sufficient height h to intercept and resist the strong surface water flow, and it is assumed that the initial height of the vertical plate 112 closest to the sea level is As water depth increases, the water gradually transitions from the surface layer to the middle and lower layers. This transition is characterized by wave energy attenuation and a gradual weakening of water particle movement. Therefore, for vertical plate 112, a strategy of decreasing height according to the wave energy attenuation law is adopted. It is assumed that the middle layer is at a water depth of... The height of the board at that location is Specifically, it can be expressed as:

[0042]

[0043] in, This is an adjustment factor (0.8 < α < 1.2). This indicates that the plate height decays more slowly than the energy decays, resulting in a more robust structure and stronger wave damping capability, but also a higher cost. This indicates that the plate height attenuation is faster than the energy attenuation, making it more economical, but the deep wave attenuation effect is slightly weaker; , λ is the wavelength.

[0044] (2) Secondly, from the perspective of the spacing r between the vertical plates 112, the spacing r between two adjacent vertical plates 112 tends to increase in the direction vertically downward from the sea level. Therefore, a strategy of small spacing and dense arrangement of damping plates 11 is adopted, that is, a smaller spacing r between the vertical plates 112 can ensure the generation of enough eddies and turbulence to break up waves to the maximum extent and prevent water from "slipping away" between the plates. Assuming that the initial spacing between the two vertical plates 112 closest to the sea level is In the middle layer, as energy decays, the movement of water particles weakens, allowing for a suitable increase in spacing. This maintains effective wave damping while reducing material usage and fluid resistance. Therefore, it is assumed that the middle layer is at a water depth of... The spacing between two adjacent vertical plates 112 at point 112 is Specifically, it can be expressed as:

[0045]

[0046] in The attenuation coefficient;

[0047] In the lower layer, the wave energy is very weak. The main purpose is to disturb the deep motion of long-period swells. At this time, the dense arrangement of damping plates 11 has little benefit, but will increase unnecessary material, weight and drag. Therefore, the damping plates 11 adopt a strategy of large spacing and sparse arrangement.

[0048] In summary, the spacing r of the vertical plates 112 mainly adopts the approach of gradually increasing the spacing with depth, that is, the plate spacing r decreases from dense to sparse from sea level downwards, in order to fully interfere with the water flow in areas with strong wave energy and save materials in areas with weak energy. The height h of the vertical plates 112 mainly adopts the approach of gradually decreasing the plate height with depth, that is, the plate height h decreases from sea level downwards, in order to provide a large effective area in areas with strong energy and reduce the structural size and load in areas with weak energy. Through the combined optimization of the above features, the entire damping unit 1 achieves a highly efficient, economical and reliable three-dimensional wave-damping effect. That is, the dense large plates on the surface can effectively break short-period wind waves; although the plates in the lower layer are small and sparse, their extended depth can interfere with the movement of long-period swells caused by deeper water layers, thereby achieving simultaneous weakening of short waves and long waves and achieving the purpose of full-band wave damping.

[0049] The above describes how the wave-damping effect is achieved through the damping unit 1. Simultaneously, the suspension unit 2 allows the damping unit 1 to float on the sea surface. Specifically, the suspension unit 2 includes several transverse buoys 21 evenly spaced along the length of the horizontal plate 111 and several longitudinal buoys 22 located at both ends of the transverse buoys 21. The vertical plate 112 is connected to the longitudinal buoys 22 via anchor chains. The transverse buoys 21 and longitudinal buoys 22 are connected by anchor chains. The bottom of the transverse buoys 21 is connected to the horizontal plate 111 closest to the sea surface via anchor chains. Thus, the transverse buoys 21 and longitudinal buoys 22 of the suspension unit 2, through a grid design, provide stable and distributed buoyancy support and evenly distribute the load. The transverse buoys 21 and longitudinal buoys 22 provide buoyancy, tightening the multi-layer damping plate 11, allowing the damping unit to float. In a floating state, further, in order to limit the position of the damping unit 1 and prevent it from drifting with the waves, it also includes several anchoring units 4 evenly arranged around the four sides of the damping unit 1. Specifically, the anchoring unit 4 includes several anchoring structures 41 evenly arranged around the four sides of the damping unit 1. The anchoring structure 41 includes an anchor head 411 embedded in the seabed. The anchor head 411 is connected to the transverse buoy 21 or the longitudinal buoy 22 by an anchor chain. In this way, the anchor head 411 can limit the position of the damping unit by the anchor chain, so that it is in a floating rather than drifting state. The evenly arranged anchoring structures 41 can resist the wave force from all directions and prevent the device from drifting. Preferably, the anchoring unit 4 pulls the suspension unit 2 so that the damping plate 11 at the top of the damping unit 1 is close to the sea surface, so as to ensure the wave-damping treatment of the damping unit 1 on the surface sea surface.

[0050] Example 2: As Figures 1-5 As shown in Example 1, the water particles mainly move along the walls of the horizontal plate 111 and vertical plate 112, resulting in limited energy dissipation. To further improve the wave-damping effect of the entire damping unit 1, wave-damping holes 1111 are evenly distributed on the horizontal plate 111. The diameter of the wave-damping holes 1111 on several horizontal plates 111 decreases layer by layer in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Wave-damping pipes 1112 are fixed to the wave-damping holes 1111, and the axis of the wave-damping pipes 1112 is perpendicular to the horizontal plate 111. In this way, viscous dissipation and vortex dissipation are increased through the wave-damping holes 1111 and the wave-damping pipes 1112. Water flows through the wave-damping holes... When water enters the holes of wave deflector 1111 and wave deflector 1112, jets and friction are generated, significantly consuming water flow energy. Specifically, as water enters wave deflector 1112, the channel suddenly contracts, accelerating the flow and creating a high-speed jet (the faster the flow, the lower the pressure). As water exits wave deflector 1112, the channel suddenly expands, causing the high-speed jet to violently mix and collide with the relatively slower-moving water outside wave deflector 1112, instantly generating numerous vortices. These vortices impact, pull, and shear surrounding water particles that were originally moving in different directions, effectively disrupting the regular, phased, and coordinated movement of wave particles, resulting in energy dissipation.

[0051] Meanwhile, the diameter of the vertically downward holes along the sea surface decreases layer by layer on the horizontal plate 111. This results in larger holes for the breakwater holes 1111 and breakwater pipes 1112 near the sea surface, effectively handling the high flow rate and high wave energy in the surface area. At the same time, the holes for the breakwater holes 1111 and breakwater pipes 1112 become smaller further away from the sea surface. This allows the small holes for the breakwater holes 1111 and breakwater pipes 1112 to maintain a relatively high local flow velocity in the middle and bottom layers, even though the overall flow velocity is slow and the wave energy is low. This ensures effective viscous dissipation in the deeper layers, rather than allowing the water to flow gently around the surface. This ensures that even in weak current environments, energy can be continuously dissipated through friction with the wall of the breakwater pipe 1112 and small-scale eddies. At the same time, this perforated structure changes the interaction with the water body, helping to avoid harmful resonance with waves of specific frequencies. The corresponding vertical plate 112 can be treated similarly to the horizontal plate 111 (not shown in the figure), which will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Example 3: To ensure the stability of the entire floating breakwater device after deployment, a sinking unit 5 is also included, which cooperates with the horizontal plate 111 furthest from the sea level. The sinking unit 5 includes several lower structures 51 evenly arranged along the length of the horizontal plate 111. Each lower structure 51 includes several sinking components 511 evenly arranged along the width of the horizontal plate 111. Each sinking component 511 includes a sinking block 5111 and a sinking chain 5112. One end of the sinking chain 5112 is fixedly connected to the sinking block 5111, and the other end is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate 111 furthest from the sea level. Thus, the multiple sinking blocks 5111 are arranged in a matrix. The array is suspended from the bottom of the horizontal plate 111, which is furthest from the sea level, by the sinking chain 5112. When the entire device tilts under the action of waves, the sinking block 5111 generates a restoring torque through the gravity provided by the sinking chain 5112, which helps the device return to a vertical position and prevents it from overturning (similar to a high-rise building damper). At the same time, the mass of the sinking block 5111 helps to suppress excessive movement of the device in the vertical direction (heaving), making it more stable. It provides a downward anchoring point for the bottom layer of the damping unit 1, and works in conjunction with the suspension unit 2 above and the anchoring units 4 around it to form a three-dimensional and stable mooring system.

[0053] Example 4: A floating wave-damping system, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes several floating wave-damping devices as described above. These floating wave-damping devices are arranged around the work area, thus surrounding the entire work area and providing a relatively stable environment for the work area.

[0054] Example 5: A method for arranging a floating breakwater system, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S00: Pre-assemble the damping unit 1, suspension unit 2, sinking unit 5, and anchoring unit 4 in modules, and then hoist the pre-assembled damping unit 1 and sinking unit 5 into the working water area respectively; step S00 mainly involves the initial preparation before deployment, that is, the pre-assembly steps of damping unit 1 include:

[0056] S01: Fix corresponding vertical plates 112 on both sides of the horizontal plate 111, and evenly distribute the wave-damping pipes 1112 on the horizontal plate 111 to complete the pre-installation of each layer of damping plates 11.

[0057] S02: A connecting rod 31 is fixed circumferentially on the damping plate 11 farthest from the sea level, and a mesh 32 that cooperates with the connecting rod 31 is connected. In this way, other damping plates 11 are connected layer by layer starting from the damping plate 11 farthest from the sea level until the damping plate 11 closest to the sea level. During the process of connecting the damping plates 11 layer by layer, the spacing between two adjacent damping plates 11 is adjusted by using connecting rods 31 of different lengths.

[0058] The suspension unit 2 is formed by connecting the transverse buoy 21 and the longitudinal buoy 22 with anchor chains to form a buoy grid frame module; the anchoring unit 4 is formed by connecting the anchor chain to the anchor head and coiling it on the deployment vessel; the sinking unit 5 is formed by connecting the sinking chain to the sinking block and coiling it neatly; then, a large crane or floating crane is used to lift the assembled damping unit 1 and the buoy grid frame module to the shallow water area or protected water area near the dock.

[0059] S10: Connect the sinking unit 5 to the bottom of the damping unit 1, that is, firmly connect the other end of the sinking chain 5112 to the bottom horizontal plate 111 of the damping unit 1; hoist the first combination of the damping unit 1 and the sinking unit 5 into the seawater at the starting position of the floating wavebreak system and keep it in a vertical state, and then connect the corresponding suspension unit 2 to the combination to form an integrated body.

[0060] S20: Anchoring units 4 are installed to cooperate with the integrated body to fix the position of the integrated body;

[0061] S30: Repeat steps S10 and S20 until the end position of the floating breakwater system layout, gradually expanding to form the designed breakwater array.

[0062] This invention has been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein; other embodiments falling within the scope of the claims are also within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A floating wave-damping device, characterized in that, It includes several damping units (1) evenly arranged along the sea surface and a suspension unit (2) that drives the damping units (1) to float. The damping unit (1) includes several damping plates (11) arranged vertically along the sea surface. A rigid connection unit (3) is provided between two adjacent damping plates (11). The damping plate (11) includes a horizontal plate (111) arranged parallel to the sea surface and a vertical plate (112) fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate (111) along the wave direction. The horizontal plate (111) and the two vertical plates (112) are arranged in an H-shape. The height h of the vertical plate (112) decreases gradually in the direction of vertical downward along the sea surface. The distance r between two adjacent vertical plates (112) increases in the direction of vertical downward along the sea surface. It also includes several anchoring units (4) evenly arranged around the four sides of the damping unit (1), the anchoring units (4) pulling the suspension unit (2) so that the damping plate (11) at the top of the damping unit (1) is close to the sea level.

2. The floating wave-damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal plate (111) is provided with wave-damping holes (1111) evenly distributed. The diameter of the wave-damping holes (1111) on several horizontal plates (111) decreases layer by layer in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. A wave-damping pipe (1112) is fixed to the wave-damping hole (1111). The axial direction of the wave-damping pipe (1112) is perpendicular to the horizontal plate (111).

3. A floating wave-damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a sinking unit (5) that cooperates with the horizontal plate (111) furthest from the sea level. The sinking unit (5) includes a number of lower structures (51) evenly arranged along the length of the horizontal plate (111). The lower structure (51) includes a number of sinking components (511) evenly arranged along the width of the horizontal plate (111). The sinking component (511) includes a sinking block (5111) and a sinking chain (5112). One end of the sinking chain (5112) is fixedly connected to the sinking block (5111), and the other end is fixedly connected to the horizontal plate (111) furthest from the sea level.

4. A floating wave-damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The suspension unit (2) includes a plurality of transverse buoys (21) evenly spaced along the length of the horizontal plate (111) and a plurality of longitudinal buoys (22) disposed at both ends of the transverse buoys (21). The vertical plate (112) is connected to the longitudinal buoys (22) by anchor chains. The transverse buoys (21) and the longitudinal buoys (22) are connected by anchor chains. The bottom of the transverse buoys (21) is connected to the horizontal plate (111) closest to the sea level by anchor chains.

5. A floating wave-damping device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anchoring unit (4) includes several anchoring structures (41) evenly arranged around the four sides of the damping unit (1). The anchoring structure (41) includes an anchor head (411) embedded in the seabed. The anchor head (411) is connected to the transverse buoy (21) or the longitudinal buoy (22) by an anchor chain.

6. A floating wave-damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rigid connection unit (3) includes several connecting rods (31) evenly arranged around the horizontal plate (111). The two ends of the connecting rods (31) are respectively connected to the flange of the horizontal plate (111), and a mesh (32) is also provided between two adjacent connecting rods (31).

7. A floating wave-damping system, characterized in that, It includes several floating wave-damping devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and the several floating wave-damping devices are arranged around the work area.

8. A method for arranging a floating wavebreak system, used to arrange the floating wavebreak system as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S00: The pre-installed damping unit (1), suspension unit (2), sinking unit (5) and anchoring unit (4) are manufactured in modules, and the pre-installed damping unit (1) and sinking unit (5) are respectively hoisted into the working water area; S10: Connect the sinking unit (5) to the bottom of the damping unit (1), hoist the first damping unit (1) and sinking unit (5) combination into the seawater at the starting position of the floating wavebreak system arrangement and keep it in a vertical state, and then connect the corresponding suspension unit (2) to the combination to form an integrated body; S20: Deploy anchoring units (4) that cooperate with the integrated body to fix the position of the integrated body; S30: Repeat steps S10 and S20 until the end point of the floating breakwater system layout, gradually expanding to form a breakwater array.

9. A method for arranging a floating wavebreak system according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S00, the pre-installation step of the damping unit (1) includes: S01: Fix corresponding vertical plates (112) on both sides of the horizontal plate (111), and evenly distribute the wave-damping pipes (1112) on the horizontal plate (111) to complete the pre-installation of each layer of damping plates (11). S02: Fix the connecting rod (31) along the circumference on the damping plate (11) farthest from the sea level, and connect the mesh (32) that cooperates with the connecting rod (31). Continue to connect other damping plates (11) layer by layer from the damping plate (11) farthest from the sea level until the damping plate (11) closest to the sea level.

10. A method for arranging a floating wavebreak system according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S02, during the process of connecting the damping plates (11) layer by layer, the spacing between two adjacent damping plates (11) is adjusted by using connecting rods (31) of different lengths.

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