Method for ecologically regreening anchoring and shotcreting side slope surface

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ecologically regreening an anchoring and shotcreting side slope surface. The method comprises the following steps: S1, grooving a slope surface: grooving the surface of an original anchoring and shotcreting concrete layer on the slope surface of a side slope base layer and cleaning; s2, covering ecological concrete: spraying the ecological concrete on the surface of the anchoring and shotcreting concrete layer for planting trees and shrubs; s3, a greening tank is arranged, specifically, a water absorption blanket is arranged in the water storage tank, the water absorption blanket and the ecological concrete layer are covered with a greening tank prefabricated part, and the greening tank prefabricated part is anchored and positioned through rivets; the trees and the shrubs are planted in planting grooves of the greening groove prefabricated parts, overflow channels in the side faces of the planting grooves communicate with water storage cavities in the greening groove prefabricated parts, the water storage cavities communicate with water storage grooves through first communicating holes, and the planting grooves communicate with the water storage grooves through second communicating holes. The problems that in the prior art, the ecological regreening requirements of the coverage rate and the survival rate of high trees and shrubs on the side slope face cannot be met, the follow-up maintenance cost is high, and the application scene is limited can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope ecological restoration technology, specifically a method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slope surfaces. Background Technology

[0002] With the planning and construction of various infrastructure projects, a large number of artificial slopes of diverse types have been formed on the earth's surface. Most of these slope structures are located in areas with complex geological environments, characterized by fractured rock surfaces and steep slopes. This makes these slopes prone to extremely severe geological disasters such as mudslides under conditions such as rainfall.

[0003] Anchor-sprayed slope protection, a common and mature method for slope restoration, primarily uses anchor bolts to connect the slope surface with the solid strata within the slope base. Concrete is then sprayed onto the slope surface to form a protective layer, reinforcing the slope and resisting external wind erosion, effectively improving the slope's structural strength. However, this slope reinforcement method makes it difficult to plant trees and shrubs—commonly used for slope protection and soil and water conservation—on the slope. The lack of soil-stabilizing and water-blocking properties of trees and shrubs easily leads to large-volume surface runoff and severe soil erosion. Furthermore, the ecological landscape of the slope area is monotonous, jarring, and aesthetically unappealing.

[0004] Slope ecological restoration is a long-term and complex process. In the early stages, it requires the guidance of artificial ecological restoration techniques to establish the basic conditions necessary for the initial restoration of trees and shrubs. After the trees and shrubs have restored, long-term observation and regulation are needed to guide their development towards a natural or near-natural state, ensuring the long-term effectiveness of slope ecological restoration.

[0005] Conventional ecological revegetation methods based on shotcrete slopes include ecological concrete ecological protection technology as well as slope shotcrete support and rapid revegetation technology.

[0006] Among them, the ecological concrete ecological protection technology involves mixing specific cement, nutrient soil, and green plant seeds in a certain proportion to form ecological concrete, which is then sprayed onto rock walls and slopes under pressure. Afterward, watering is carried out using drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation facilities to allow the seeds in the concrete to germinate and grow into trees and shrubs. This not only helps to conserve water and soil, reduce dust and improve air quality, but also allows the slope to blend into the surrounding environment. However, it requires additional water supply facilities, resulting in higher subsequent maintenance costs, and the coverage and survival rate of trees and shrubs are relatively low.

[0007] The slope anchor-sprayed support and rapid revegetation method involves setting anchors and steel mesh on the slope surface to form a slope protection structure, spraying concrete to form a protective layer, and planting greenery on the protective layer. Notably, it employs variable cross-section waist beams and greening trough mechanisms. The waist beams, limiting components, and planting troughs in these structures facilitate effective planting and cultivation of greenery, improving the green environment of the slope and protecting the vegetation. Furthermore, this method includes using planting bags to plant greenery and irrigating it using drip irrigation systems. However, in practical application, this technology suffers from several drawbacks: water accumulation in the greening troughs hinders the growth of trees and shrubs; the concentrated, multi-point distribution of trees and shrubs limits their coverage, resulting in inconsistent soil stabilization and water-blocking effects; and additional water supply facilities are still required for irrigating trees and shrubs, leading to higher maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that existing anchor-sprayed slope ecological revegetation methods cannot meet the ecological revegetation requirements of high tree and shrub coverage and survival rates, and that subsequent maintenance costs are high, thus limiting their application scenarios. Therefore, this invention provides a method for anchor-sprayed slope ecological revegetation.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Slope grooving: Grooves are cut on the surface of the original shotcrete layer on the slope base to form several water storage tanks, and the surface of the shotcrete layer and the water storage tanks are cleaned.

[0011] S2. Covering with ecological concrete: Ecological concrete is sprayed onto the surface of the anchor-sprayed concrete layer to form an ecological concrete layer for planting trees and shrubs;

[0012] S3. Installing greening troughs: Install absorbent blankets in the water storage troughs, cover the prefabricated greening troughs on the absorbent blankets and ecological concrete layers, and anchor them in place with anchor nails.

[0013] S4. Planting of trees and shrubs: Planting soil layer is laid in the planting trough of the prefabricated greening trough and trees and shrubs are planted in the planting soil layer. The overflow channel on the side of the planting trough is connected to the water storage chamber in the prefabricated greening trough. The water storage chamber is connected to the water storage tank through the first connecting hole. The planting trough is connected to the water storage tank through the second connecting hole.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The water storage tanks mentioned in step S1 are arranged in an array on the shotcrete layer.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The absorbent blanket mentioned in step S3 has a porous structure.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] In step S3, the anchors on the precast greening trough pass through the ecological concrete layer and the shotcrete layer and are anchored in the slope base layer.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] The overflow channel in step S4 includes an inner overflow hole, the cross-sectional size of which gradually increases from the planting trough to the water storage chamber.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0023] The overflow channel also includes a countersunk groove extending laterally from the side of the planting trough. The inner overflow hole connects to the bottom side of the countersunk groove. A movable sealing block is embedded in the countersunk groove, and the sealing block blocks or opens the inlet of the inner overflow hole.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0025] The sealing block has an elastic structure.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0027] In step S4, both the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are tapered structures.

[0028] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0029] This invention relates to a method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes. It organically combines ecological concrete protection technology with anchor-sprayed slope support and rapid revegetation technology in greening troughs. This forms a composite method for ecological revegetation and slope restoration on existing anchor-sprayed concrete. By planting trees and shrubs—common slope protection and soil and water conservation plants—on the slope surface, the green coverage rate of the slope is increased. Rainwater is intercepted and stored through water-retaining chambers within the prefabricated greening troughs. During periods of low rainfall, water from the water-retaining chambers is transferred to the planting soil layer and the surrounding ecological concrete layer via absorbent blankets. This eliminates the need for water supply equipment and manual maintenance, achieving automatic water supply to the roots of trees and shrubs within the greening troughs and ecological concrete layer, improving the growth environment and conditions of trees and shrubs, and enhancing the ecological revegetation effect. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slope for ecological revegetation using an anchor spraying method.

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0034] Legend:

[0035] 1. Slope base layer; 2. Anchored shotcrete layer; 3. Water storage tank; 4. Ecological concrete layer; 5. Water-absorbing blanket; 6. Precast greening trough component; 7. Planting trough; 8. Planting soil layer; 9. Water storage cavity; 10. First connecting hole; 11. Second connecting hole; 12. Internal flow hole; 13. Countersunk groove; 14. Sealing block. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0037] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0038] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] Please see Figure 1-3 This invention provides a technical solution: a method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0043] S1. Slope grooving: Grooves are cut on the surface of the original shotcrete layer 2 on the slope base 1 to form several water storage tanks 3, and the surfaces of the shotcrete layer 2 and the water storage tanks 3 are cleaned.

[0044] S2. Covering with ecological concrete: Ecological concrete is sprayed onto the surface of the anchor-sprayed concrete layer 2 to form an ecological concrete layer 4, which is used for planting trees and shrubs.

[0045] S3. Installing greening troughs: Install water-absorbing blankets 5 in the water storage tank 3, cover the prefabricated greening trough 6 on the water-absorbing blankets 5 and the ecological concrete layer 4, and fix it in place with anchor nails.

[0046] S4. Planting of trees and shrubs: Planting soil layer 8 is laid in the planting trough 7 of the precast greening trough 6 and trees and shrubs are planted in the planting soil layer 8. The overflow channel on the side of the planting trough 7 is connected to the water storage chamber 9 in the precast greening trough 6. The water storage chamber 9 is connected to the water storage tank 3 through the first connecting hole 10. The planting trough 7 is connected to the water storage tank 3 through the second connecting hole 11.

[0047] When it rains, rainwater enters the water storage chamber 9 through the planting trough 7 and overflow channel to achieve the water storage function. After the rain, the water on the surface of the planting soil layer 8 will also flow into the water storage chamber 9 and drain the excess water through the first connecting hole 10, water storage tank 3 and ecological concrete layer 4.

[0048] During periods of drought, such as when there is little rain, water in the water storage chamber 9 gradually seeps into the absorbent blanket 5 to keep it moist. Some of the water in the absorbent blanket 5 continues to seep into the second connecting hole 11 and the planting soil layer 8 to automatically supply water to the roots of the trees and shrubs in the greening trough. Some water seeps into the ecological concrete layer 4 to meet the water needs of the trees and shrubs growing there. Drought-resistant trees and shrubs are selected for planting in the greening trough and ecological concrete layer 4 to reduce their water requirements and improve their survival rate.

[0049] In step S1, the water storage tanks 3 are arranged in an array on the shotcrete layer 2. This increases the coverage of the absorbent blanket 5, thereby improving water storage capacity and water supply range.

[0050] The water-absorbing blanket 5 mentioned in step S3 has a porous structure to further improve its water storage capacity, so as to ensure sufficient water supply to the roots of trees and shrubs while reducing the rate of water loss and achieving stable and long-term continuous water supply to meet the requirements of slope ecological restoration in areas with long drought periods.

[0051] In step S3, the anchors on the precast greening trough 6 pass through the ecological concrete layer 4 and the shotcrete layer 2 and are anchored in the slope base layer 1 to improve the stability of the greening trough on the slope.

[0052] The overflow channel in step S4 includes an inner overflow hole 12. The cross-sectional size of the inner overflow hole 12 gradually increases from the planting trough 7 to the water storage chamber 9, thereby improving the drainage efficiency from the planting trough 7 to the water storage chamber 9 during rainfall and greatly reducing the rate at which water in the water storage chamber 9 evaporates and is lost outward from the overflow channel during drought periods.

[0053] In step S4, both the first connecting hole 10 and the second connecting hole 11 are tapered structures.

[0054] This invention relates to a method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes. It organically combines ecological concrete protection technology with anchor-sprayed slope support and rapid revegetation technology in greening troughs. This forms a composite method for ecological revegetation and slope restoration on existing anchor-sprayed concrete. By planting trees and shrubs—common slope protection and soil and water conservation plants—on the slope surface, the green coverage rate of the slope is increased. Rainwater is intercepted and stored through water-retaining chambers within the prefabricated greening troughs. During periods of low rainfall, water from the water-retaining chambers is transferred to the planting soil layer and the surrounding ecological concrete layer via absorbent blankets. This eliminates the need for water supply equipment and manual maintenance, achieving automatic water supply to the roots of trees and shrubs within the greening troughs and ecological concrete layer, improving the growth environment and conditions of trees and shrubs, and enhancing the ecological revegetation effect.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] Please see Figure 1-3The figure shows a method for ecological revegetation of a sprayed slope provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further improves upon the following technical solution: The overflow channel also includes a countersunk groove 13 extending laterally from the side of the planting trough 7. The inner flow hole 12 connects to the bottom side of the countersunk groove 13. A movable sealing block 14 is embedded in the countersunk groove 13, and the sealing block 14 seals or opens the inlet of the inner flow hole 12. In this embodiment, the above structural design is used to further reduce the rate of water evaporation and loss from the water storage chamber 9 during drought periods. The sealing block 14 adopts an elastic structure such as a rubber block. During rainfall, water accumulates in the planting trough 7, and the sealing block 14 is compressed due to water pressure. At this time, the inlet of the inner flow hole 12 opens, and the accumulated water flows into the water storage chamber 9. During dry periods, due to the lack of water pressure, the sealing block 14 elastically resets, sealing the inlet of the inner flow hole 12 and preventing water loss from the water storage chamber 9.

[0057] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes in this embodiment has the following advantages compared to existing technologies:

[0058] This invention relates to a method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes. It organically combines ecological concrete protection technology with anchor-sprayed slope support and rapid revegetation technology in greening troughs. This forms a composite method for ecological revegetation and slope restoration on existing anchor-sprayed concrete. By planting trees and shrubs—common slope protection and soil and water conservation plants—on the slope surface, the green coverage rate of the slope is increased. Rainwater is intercepted and stored through water-retaining chambers within the prefabricated greening troughs. During periods of low rainfall, water from the water-retaining chambers is transferred to the planting soil layer and the surrounding ecological concrete layer via absorbent blankets. This eliminates the need for water supply equipment and manual maintenance, achieving automatic water supply to the roots of trees and shrubs within the greening troughs and ecological concrete layer, improving the growth environment and conditions of trees and shrubs, and enhancing the ecological revegetation effect.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Slope grooving: Grooves are cut on the surface of the original shotcrete layer on the slope base to form several water storage tanks, and the surface of the shotcrete layer and the water storage tanks are cleaned. S2. Covering with ecological concrete: Ecological concrete is sprayed onto the surface of the anchor-sprayed concrete layer to form an ecological concrete layer for planting trees and shrubs; S3. Installing greening troughs: Install absorbent blankets in the water storage troughs, cover the prefabricated greening troughs on the absorbent blankets and ecological concrete layers, and anchor them in place with anchor nails. S4. Planting of trees and shrubs: Planting soil layer is laid in the planting trough of the prefabricated greening trough and trees and shrubs are planted in the planting soil layer. The overflow channel on the side of the planting trough is connected to the water storage chamber in the prefabricated greening trough. The water storage chamber is connected to the water storage tank through the first connecting hole. The planting trough is connected to the water storage tank through the second connecting hole.

2. The method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tanks mentioned in step S1 are arranged in an array on the shotcrete layer.

3. The method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The absorbent blanket mentioned in step S3 has a porous structure.

4. The method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the anchors on the precast greening trough pass through the ecological concrete layer and the shotcrete layer and are anchored in the slope base layer.

5. The method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow channel in step S4 includes an inner overflow hole, the cross-sectional size of which gradually increases from the planting trough to the water storage chamber.

6. The method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that, The overflow channel also includes a countersunk groove extending laterally from the side of the planting trough. The inner overflow hole connects to the bottom side of the countersunk groove. A movable sealing block is embedded in the countersunk groove, and the sealing block blocks or opens the inlet of the inner overflow hole.

7. A method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing block has an elastic structure.

8. The method for ecological revegetation of anchor-sprayed slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, both the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole are tapered structures.

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