A negative pressure bucket and offshore wind power foundation

Abstract

The application discloses a negative pressure barrel and an offshore wind power foundation, relates to the technical field of offshore wind power foundations, and the offshore wind power foundation comprises a fan support frame and the negative pressure barrel. The negative pressure barrel comprises a barrel body and a limiting piece. A sliding groove is formed in the outer wall of the barrel body along the axial direction of the barrel body. An expansion sheet and a pull rod are arranged in the sliding groove. The expansion sheet comprises a fixed part and an expansion part. The fixed part is fixedly connected with the sliding groove. The pull rod is slidably connected with the sliding groove. The pull rod comprises a protruding part. The limiting piece is connected with the pull rod. The negative pressure barrel is provided with the expansion sheet, the pull rod and the limiting piece and other structures. After the limiting piece abuts against the seabed, the pull rod is limited from descending. The protruding part pushes the expansion part to extend out of the sliding groove and abut against the groove wall of the seabed. The side frictional resistance between the negative pressure barrel and the soil is increased. The uplift bearing capacity is significantly improved. The negative pressure barrel is convenient to recycle. The limiting piece is supported by the seabed. The supporting area of the seabed for the negative pressure barrel is effectively improved. The vertical bearing capacity, the horizontal resistance and the overturning bending moment of the negative pressure barrel foundation are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of offshore wind power foundation, and particularly relates to a negative pressure bucket and offshore wind power foundation. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of offshore wind power, the bucket foundation is widely used as the support structure of wind turbine, which usually utilizes the suction of the bucket to provide stable support force for the upper wind turbine. In the prior art, some bucket foundations only rely on the negative pressure suction to realize the connection with the seabed. Although this method is convenient for the foundation recovery, it has obvious disadvantages. Due to the lack of additional fixing structure, the uplift resistance is poor, and when subjected to external loads such as wave impact and wind force, the stability is insufficient, which is difficult to guarantee the long-term reliable operation of the wind turbine.

[0003] To solve the above stability problem, some bucket foundations will inject grouting material from the suction pipe after installation. The grouting material can seal the suction pipe on one hand, preventing seawater from penetrating and causing the negative pressure bucket to loosen, and on the other hand, it can seal the top layer inside the negative pressure bucket, fill the loose mixture of seawater and sand, and after solidification, it can improve the stability during use by increasing the overall weight of the negative pressure bucket. However, this treatment method also brings new problems. After the negative pressure bucket is blocked by the grouting material, it is difficult to remove it from the seabed by injecting air or seawater from the upper part. When recovering the bucket foundation, it greatly increases the recovery difficulty and cost, which is not conducive to the sustainable development and resource recycling of offshore wind power foundation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of offshore wind power foundation structure that can improve the stability of the foundation and facilitate recovery. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the poor uplift resistance, insufficient stability and recovery difficulty of the existing technology, the present application provides a negative pressure bucket and an offshore wind power foundation comprising the same, which aims to improve the uplift bearing capacity, vertical bearing capacity, horizontal resistance and overturning moment of the negative pressure bucket, enhance the stability of the foundation, and at the same time solve the problem of difficult recovery of the negative pressure bucket, and reduce the recovery cost.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present application provides a negative pressure barrel, comprising a barrel body and a limiting piece, wherein the barrel body is internally provided with a cavity with an open lower end, and a drain hole is formed in the top of the barrel body and communicates with the cavity; a sliding groove is formed in the outer wall of the barrel body along the axial direction of the barrel body, and an expansion piece and a pull rod are arranged in the sliding groove; the expansion piece comprises a fixed part and an expansion part, the fixed part is fixedly connected with the sliding groove, and the pull rod is slidably connected with the sliding groove; the pull rod comprises a protruding part which is in contact with the expansion part and is used to push the expansion part to move away from the center of the barrel body to extend out of the sliding groove; the limiting piece is connected with the pull rod; when the barrel body penetrates into the seabed to a first depth, the limiting piece abuts against the seabed and provides an upward supporting force to the pull rod to limit the pull rod from descending together with the barrel body, thereby increasing the pressure between the protruding part and the expansion part and making the expansion part have a tendency to extend out of the sliding groove away from the center of the barrel body; the barrel body will finally descend to a second depth, and in the process of moving the barrel body from the first depth to the second depth, the protruding part pushes the expansion part to extend out of the sliding groove and abut against the groove wall of the seabed.

[0006] Further, the expansion piece has a first arc surface which is consistent with the outer wall of the barrel body, and the pull rod has a second arc surface which is consistent with the outer wall of the barrel body.

[0007] Further, the expansion piece and the pull rod jointly fill the sliding groove. Based on this, the bottom of the protruding part and the bottom of the expansion part can be arranged to be flush and abut against the bottom of the sliding groove; or the bottom of the protruding part is arranged to be lower than the bottom of the expansion part, the bottom of the protruding part abuts against the bottom of the sliding groove, and the second arc surface is distributed in two sections, and the first arc surface is located between the two sections of the second arc surface. In this way, the expansion piece and the pull rod can close the sliding groove, and the outer wall of the barrel body can remain cylindrical, so that when penetrating into the seabed, the resistance can be avoided to be increased.

[0008] Further, the sliding grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the barrel body, and the limiting piece is sleeved on the barrel body, and the top end of the limiting piece is lower than the top end of the barrel body.

[0009] Further, the protruding part comprises a first inclined surface which faces the expansion part, and the expansion part comprises a second inclined surface which faces the protruding part, and the first inclined surface is in contact with the second inclined surface.

[0010] Further, a bending groove is formed in the expansion piece, the opening of the bending groove faces the inside of the barrel body, and the bending groove is located at the joint of the fixed part and the expansion part.

[0011] Further, a valve is arranged on the drain hole to control the opening and closing of the drain hole.

[0012] Further, the limiting piece is fixedly connected with the pull rod, and is connected with the pull rod through an elastic member. When connected through the elastic member, the pull rod further comprises a horizontal extension portion, the upper end of the elastic member is connected with the bottom of the horizontal extension portion, and the lower end of the elastic member is connected with the upper end of the limiting piece. By arranging the elastic member, the elastic buffering effect can be achieved. When the pull rod is lifted relative to the expansion piece, if the hardness of the contact position of the expansion portion and the seabed penetration hole is large, the expansion portion cannot be smoothly embedded in the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole, and the pull rod can be broken. By arranging the elastic member as a spring, the relative movement between the limiting piece and the barrel body can be realized, the protruding portion can exert a certain extrusion force on the expansion portion, the expansion portion can be deformed, the pressure between the expansion portion and the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole can be increased, and thus the vertical uplift bearing capacity can be improved.

[0013] Further, the limiting piece can be fixedly connected with the pull rod, and can be connected with the pull rod through an elastic member. When connected through the elastic member, the pull rod further comprises a horizontal extension portion, the upper end of the elastic member is connected with the bottom of the horizontal extension portion, and the lower end of the elastic member is connected with the upper end of the limiting piece. By arranging the elastic member, the elastic buffering effect can be achieved. When the pull rod is lifted relative to the expansion piece, if the hardness of the contact position of the expansion portion and the seabed penetration hole is large, the expansion portion cannot be smoothly embedded in the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole, and the pull rod can be broken. By arranging the elastic member as a spring, the relative movement between the limiting piece and the barrel body can be realized, the protruding portion can exert a certain extrusion force on the expansion portion, the expansion portion can be deformed, the pressure between the expansion portion and the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole can be increased, and thus the vertical uplift bearing capacity can be improved.

[0014] In a second aspect, the application further provides a sea wind power foundation, which comprises a wind turbine support frame and any of the negative pressure barrels described above, and the wind turbine support frame is fixedly connected with the top end of the barrel. According to actual needs, different types of wind turbine support frames can be selected, and one negative pressure barrel or multiple negative pressure barrels can be connected to form a single-barrel bucket foundation or a multi-barrel bucket foundation. For the single-barrel bucket foundation, the wind turbine support frame is placed at the center of the top end of the barrel. For the multi-barrel bucket foundation, each leg of the wind turbine support frame is connected with the top end of each barrel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The negative pressure barrel is provided with the expansion piece, the pull rod and the limiting piece, and the like. During the penetration of the barrel into the seabed, the limiting piece is abutted against the seabed to limit the lowering of the pull rod, the protruding portion pushes the expansion portion to extend out of the sliding groove and abut against the groove wall of the seabed, the side frictional resistance between the negative pressure barrel and the soil is increased, and the uplift bearing capacity is significantly improved.

[0017] 2, the limiting piece is supported by the seabed, effectively improving the supporting area of the seabed to the negative pressure barrel, and further improving the vertical bearing capacity, horizontal resistance and anti-overturning moment of the negative pressure barrel foundation, greatly enhancing the foundation stability and reducing the failure probability of the negative pressure cylinder;

[0018] 3, the offshore wind power foundation adopts the negative pressure barrel of the application, without injecting grouting material for sealing, which fundamentally solves the problem of difficult recycling of the negative pressure barrel in the prior art, and greatly reduces the recycling cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is an exploded schematic view of the negative pressure barrel of one embodiment of the application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the negative pressure barrel of one embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a front view of the negative pressure barrel of one embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 is a sectional view along line A-A;

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 3 is a sectional view along line B-B;

[0024] Figure 6 is Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part C;

[0025] Figure 7 is a partial schematic view of the negative pressure barrel of one embodiment of the application (the expansion part extends out of the chute);

[0026] Figure 8 is a partial schematic view of the negative pressure barrel of another embodiment of the application;

[0027] Figure 9 is a structural schematic view of the offshore wind power foundation of one embodiment of the application;

[0028] In the figure, 1, barrel body; 11, chamber; 12, drain hole; 13, chute; 14, flange; 2, expansion sheet; 21, fixed part; 22, expansion part; 221, second inclined surface; 23, first arc surface; 24, bending groove; 3, pull rod; 31, protruding part; 311, first inclined surface; 32, second arc surface; 33, horizontal extension part; 4, limiting piece; 5, valve; 6, movable connection seat; 61, movable lower layer connection hole; 62, movable upper layer connection hole; 7, fixed connection seat; 71, fixed lower layer connection hole; 72, fixed upper layer connection hole; 8, elastic piece; 9, wind turbine support frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be practiced in many different ways from those described and can be practiced in other embodiments. It is therefore contemplated that the application not be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1 to 7 The embodiment of the present application provides a negative pressure barrel, which comprises a barrel body 1 and a limiting piece 4. The barrel body 1 is in a cylindrical shape. The barrel body 1 is internally provided with a chamber 11 with an open lower end. The barrel body 1 is provided at the top with a drain hole 12 communicating with the chamber 11. The drain hole 12 is used for draining liquid and / or gas in the chamber 11. During installation, the material in the barrel body 1 can be pumped out through the drain hole 12, so that a negative pressure is formed in the chamber 11. The negative pressure pushes the barrel body 1 to penetrate into the seabed, thereby laying a foundation for stable connection with the seabed in the future, and facilitating the installation operation of the negative pressure barrel.

[0031] In the embodiment, in order to improve the uplift bearing capacity of the negative pressure barrel after penetrating into the seabed, a sliding groove 13 is formed on the outer wall of the barrel body 1 along the axial direction. The sliding groove 13 is internally provided with an expansion sheet 2 and a pull rod 3. The expansion sheet 2 comprises a fixed part 21 and an expansion part 22. The fixed part 21 is fixedly connected with the sliding groove 13. Specifically, the two side walls of the fixed part 21 are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sliding groove 13 by welding. The pull rod 3 is slidably connected with the sliding groove 13. The pull rod 3 comprises a protruding part 31 in contact with the expansion part 22 and used for pushing the expansion part 22 to move away from the center of the barrel body 1 to extend out of the sliding groove 13. Wherein,

[0032] Exemplarily, the expansion sheet 2 is made of corrosion-resistant alloy material with good toughness and certain strength, such as nickel-copper alloy. The good toughness of the expansion sheet 2 can ensure that the expansion sheet 2 deforms under the pushing of the protruding part 31, and the certain strength can ensure that the expansion part 22 will not easily break or be damaged when abutting against the slot wall of the seabed, thereby stably playing the role of increasing the side friction resistance. The thickness of the expansion sheet 2 is 5-8 mm, preferably 6 mm. If the expansion sheet 2 is too thin, it is difficult to withstand a large pressure and is prone to excessive deformation or even breakage under stress. If the expansion sheet 2 is too thick, its flexibility will be affected, making it difficult to deform and extend out of the sliding groove 13 under the pushing of the protruding part 31. The thickness range of 5-8 mm of the expansion sheet 2 can balance the strength requirement and deformation capacity of the expansion sheet 2, and ensure that the expansion sheet 2 works normally during the penetration and recovery of the negative pressure bucket. The hardness of the expansion sheet 2 is preferably controlled within HB150-200. This hardness range makes the expansion sheet 2 have sufficient hardness to resist the extrusion of the seabed and maintain a stable abutting state with the seabed slot wall, and also makes the expansion sheet 2 not too hard to deform smoothly under the action of the protruding part 31 of the pull rod 3, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and reliability of the anti-pulling structure.

[0033] Exemplarily, the pull rod 3 is made of high-strength stainless steel, such as 316L stainless steel. The 316L stainless steel not only has excellent corrosion resistance and can maintain stable performance for a long time under seawater immersion, but also has high strength and good processing performance. During the working process of the negative pressure bucket, the pull rod 3 needs to withstand the supporting force of the limiting part 4 and the action force of the expansion part 22. The high-strength characteristic of the 316L stainless steel can ensure that the pull rod 3 will not deform or break due to stress, and the good processing performance facilitates the manufacture of structures such as the protruding part 31 with specific shapes and sizes. According to different specifications of the negative pressure bucket and stress analysis, the thickness of the pull rod 3 is generally 8-12 mm, preferably 9 mm. A suitable thickness can ensure that the structure of the pull rod 3 is stable during force transmission, avoid failure due to insufficient strength caused by insufficient thickness, and also avoid unnecessary weight and cost caused by excessive thickness, thereby affecting the overall installation and recovery operation of the negative pressure bucket. The hardness of the pull rod 3 is HRC30-35. This hardness range makes the pull rod 3 have certain rigidity to push the expansion part 22, while also having certain toughness to prevent brittle fracture caused by excessive local stress during relative movement with the expansion part 22, thereby ensuring the reliability of the pull rod 3 during the working and recovery process of the negative pressure bucket.

[0034] Exemplarily, the barrel body 1 is mainly made of Q345R steel plate for pressure vessels. This steel has good comprehensive mechanical properties, high strength, and can withstand the impact force when the barrel body 1 penetrates into the seabed and various external forces in the seabed; at the same time, it has excellent welding performance, facilitating the manufacturing and processing of the barrel body 1, and can ensure the sealing performance and overall structural strength of the barrel body 1. In the marine environment, the Q345R steel coated with a corrosion-resistant coating can effectively resist seawater erosion and prolong the service life of the barrel body 1. The thickness of the barrel body 1 is determined according to the size and design pressure of the negative pressure barrel. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the barrel body 1 is set to 25 mm. For larger size or higher pressure bearing negative pressure barrels, the thickness of the barrel body 1 is increased accordingly. Sufficient thickness can ensure that the barrel body 1 will not deform or break under negative pressure, maintain the structural integrity of the barrel body 1, and ensure that the negative pressure barrel can be stably penetrated into the seabed and provide reliable support. The hardness of the barrel body 1 is HB180-230. This hardness ensures that the barrel body 1 has certain strength to withstand external loads and certain toughness, so that it will not be brittle and damaged when subjected to complex external forces such as wave impact and seabed extrusion, thereby ensuring the safe use of the negative pressure barrel in harsh marine environments. The height of the barrel body 1 is 1-6 times its outer diameter, and in the present embodiment, the height of the barrel body 1 is set to 1.2 times its outer diameter.

[0035] In the present embodiment, considering that different stress conditions may occur when the expansion part 22 contacts the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole due to different seabed geological hardness, in order to avoid the pull rod 3 from being pulled off due to excessive stress, while ensuring that the expansion part 22 can effectively contact the seabed to improve the uplift resistance, the limiting piece 4 is connected with the pull rod 3 through the elastic piece 8. In order to facilitate the connection of the elastic piece 8, the pull rod 3 further includes a horizontal extension part 33, the upper end of the elastic piece 8 is connected with the bottom of the horizontal extension part 33, and the lower end of the elastic piece 8 is connected with the upper end of the limiting piece 4. By setting the elastic piece 8, an elastic buffering effect can be achieved. When the pull rod 3 rises relative to the expansion sheet 2, if the hardness of the contact position between the expansion part 22 and the seabed penetration hole is large, the expansion part 22 cannot be smoothly embedded in the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole, which may cause the pull rod 3 to be pulled off. By setting the elastic piece 8 as a spring, the relative movement between the limiting piece 4 and the barrel body 1 can be achieved, and the convex part 31 can also exert a certain extrusion force on the expansion part 22, so that the expansion part 22 deforms and the pressure between the expansion part 22 and the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole is increased, thereby improving the vertical uplift bearing capacity. The elastic connection structure of the limiting piece 4 and the pull rod 3 improves the adaptability of the negative pressure barrel to different seabed geological conditions, and enhances the safety and reliability of the structure.

[0036] Exemplarily, in the embodiment, the elastic member 8 is set as a spring or a rubber elastic body, and the spring can be a nickel-based alloy spring or a titanium alloy spring. The nickel-based alloy spring and the titanium alloy spring both have excellent seawater corrosion resistance and will not easily rust in a marine environment. The high strength and good fatigue resistance of the spring can ensure that the elastic force can still be reliably provided after the pull rod 3 and the expansion sheet 2 structure bear elastic tensile and compressive deformation for multiple times.

[0037] In the embodiment, the side of the expansion sheet 2 facing the center of the barrel 1 is attached to the pull rod 3, and the side of the pull rod 3 facing the center of the barrel 1 is attached to the sliding groove 13. In this way, when the barrel 1 penetrates into the seabed to the first depth, there is no gap between the barrel 1, the expansion sheet 2, and the pull rod 3, and the barrel 1 can support the expansion sheet 2 and the pull rod 3 radially to avoid deformation of the expansion sheet 2 and the pull rod 3 due to the extrusion force of the seabed.

[0038] When the barrel 1 penetrates into the seabed to the first depth, the limiting member 4 abuts against the seabed and provides upward support to the pull rod 3 to limit the pull rod 3 from descending with the barrel 1, thereby increasing the pressure between the protruding portion 31 and the expansion portion 22, so that the expansion portion 22 has a tendency to extend out of the sliding groove 13 away from the center of the barrel 1. The barrel 1 finally penetrates into the seabed to the second depth, which is below the first depth. During the movement of the barrel 1 from the first depth to the second depth, the protruding portion 31 pushes the expansion portion 22 to extend out of the sliding groove 13 and abut against the seabed groove wall, thereby increasing the side frictional resistance between the negative pressure barrel and the soil and significantly improving the uplift bearing capacity of the negative pressure barrel, so that the negative pressure barrel can better bear external loads and ensure the stability of the offshore wind power foundation.

[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in order to reduce the resistance between the barrel 1 and the seabed during the penetration of the negative pressure barrel into the seabed and avoid penetration difficulties caused by the structure protrusion, the expansion sheet 2 is provided with a first arc surface 23 that matches the outer wall of the barrel 1, and the pull rod 3 is provided with a second arc surface 32 that matches the outer wall of the barrel 1. The expansion sheet 2 and the pull rod 3 jointly fill the sliding groove 13. Based on this, the bottom of the protruding portion 31 and the bottom of the expansion portion 22 can be flush and abut against the bottom of the sliding groove 13; or, referring to Figure 8 , the bottom of the protruding portion 31 is lower than the bottom of the expansion portion 22, the bottom of the protruding portion 31 abuts against the bottom of the sliding groove 13, the second arc surface 32 is distributed in two sections, and the first arc surface 23 is located between the two sections of the second arc surface 32. The above structure can make the expansion sheet 2 and the pull rod 3 close the sliding groove 13 and make the first arc surface 23 and the second arc surface 32 together with the outer wall of the barrel 1 form a cylindrical shape. In this way, when penetrating into the seabed, the frictional resistance between the barrel 1 and the seabed is effectively reduced, and the negative pressure barrel can more smoothly penetrate into the seabed to the specified depth.

[0040] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , in order to make the negative pressure barrel more uniform in the seabed, ensure its stability, the chute 13 is uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the barrel body 1, and in order to make the limiting piece 4 not only limit the descent of the pull rod 3, but also not affect the overall structure of the barrel body 1 and the installation process, the limiting piece 4 is designed as a ring plate, and the limiting piece 4 is sleeved on the barrel body 1, and the top end of the limiting piece 4 is lower than the top end of the barrel body 1.

[0041] It can be understood that the uniform distribution of the chute 13 can make the expansion sheet 2 and the pull rod 3 act on the barrel body 1 uniformly, avoid local excessive stress, and the number of the chute 13 can be flexibly set. In the embodiment, the number of the chute 13 is four, and in other embodiments, the number of the chute 13 can also be two, three or more than four. The ring shape and position design of the limiting piece 4 can stably abut against the seabed and support the pull rod 3, and will not interfere with the top structure of the barrel body 1 and the equipment installation, further improving the stability and applicability of the negative pressure barrel in the seabed.

[0042] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in order to make the convex part 31 push the expansion part 22 to extend out of the chute 13 more smoothly, improve the force transmission efficiency between the two, the convex part 31 is provided with a first inclined surface 311 facing the expansion part 22, the expansion part 22 is provided with a second inclined surface 221 facing the convex part 31, and the first inclined surface 311 is in contact with the second inclined surface 221.

[0043] It should be noted that the design of the contact between the first inclined surface 311 and the second inclined surface 221 enables the force of the convex part 31 to be more effectively transmitted to the expansion part 22 when the pull rod 3 and the expansion sheet 2 move relative to each other, so as to smoothly push the expansion part 22 to rotate upward and extend out of the chute 13 to abut against the seabed groove wall.

[0044] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in order to make the expansion part 22 more easily deformed when stressed and smoothly extend out of the chute 13, a bending groove 24 is provided on the expansion sheet 2, the opening of the bending groove 24 faces the inside of the barrel body 1, and the bending groove 24 is located at the junction of the fixed part 21 and the expansion part 22. In the embodiment, the deformation of the bending groove 24 is designed as a semicircle, and in other embodiments, it can also be designed as a V shape, a rectangle or other shapes. The design of the bending groove 24 reduces the strength of the junction of the fixed part 21 and the expansion part 22, so as to facilitate the expansion part 22 to rotate in the direction away from the center of the barrel body 1 at the bending groove 24, thereby extending out of the chute 13.

[0045] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 4Since the formation and release of the negative pressure inside the barrel 1 need to be controlled, a valve 5 is arranged on the drain hole 12 to control the opening and closing of the drain hole 12.

[0046] By opening and closing the valve 5, the discharge and entry of the liquid and gas inside the barrel 1 can be controlled, so that the generation and elimination of the negative pressure are controlled, and the installation and subsequent maintenance operation of the negative pressure barrel are facilitated. In other embodiments, a pipeline connected with the drain hole 12 and the vacuum pump can be additionally provided, and the valve 5 is arranged on the pipeline.

[0047] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , in order to ensure the relative fixation of the pull rod 3 and the expansion sheet 2 with the barrel 1 during the penetration of the negative pressure barrel, and the stable contact of the expansion sheet 2 with the seabed after complete penetration, a movable connecting seat 6 is arranged on the limiting member 4, a fixed connecting seat 7 is arranged on the top end of the barrel 1, and the movable connecting seat 6 and the fixed connecting seat 7 are connected through a bolt assembly. The bolt assembly includes a bolt and a nut.

[0048] The movable connecting seat 6 is provided with a movable lower connecting hole 61 and a movable upper connecting hole 62, the movable lower connecting hole 61 is located below the movable upper connecting hole 62, the fixed connecting seat 7 is provided with a fixed lower connecting hole 71 and a fixed upper connecting hole 72, and the fixed lower connecting hole 71 is located below the fixed upper connecting hole 72.

[0049] The movable lower connecting hole 61 is aligned with the fixed lower connecting hole 71, and the bolt of the bolt assembly passes through the movable lower connecting hole 61 and the fixed lower connecting hole 71, so that the pull rod 3 and the expansion sheet 2 are fixedly connected with the barrel 1, and the relative movement of the pull rod 3 and the expansion sheet 2 during the penetration process is avoided, so that the expansion sheet 2 is prevented from extending outwardly from the sliding groove 13.

[0050] When the barrel 1 penetrates the seabed to the second depth, the movable upper connecting hole 62 is aligned with the fixed upper connecting hole 72, and the bolt of the bolt assembly passes through the movable upper connecting hole 62 and the fixed upper connecting hole 72, so that the pull rod 3 and the expanded expansion sheet 2 are fixedly connected with the barrel 1, the protruding portion 31 stably abuts against the expansion portion 22, and the expansion portion 22 stably abuts against the inner wall of the penetration hole of the seabed. The connection structure design ensures the structural stability and reliability of the negative pressure barrel at different installation stages.

[0051] In order to align the movable upper layer connecting hole 62 with the fixed upper layer connecting hole 72, the barrel 1 is provided with a flange 14 at the top end. When the barrel 1 is lowered to the position where the flange 14 abuts against the limiting piece, the barrel 1 cannot continue to be lowered relative to the limiting piece. At this time, the movable upper layer connecting hole 62 is aligned with the fixed upper layer connecting hole 72, so that the relative position of the movable upper layer connecting hole 62 and the fixed upper layer connecting hole 72 is determined, and the bolt of the bolt assembly can pass through the movable upper layer connecting hole 62 and the fixed upper layer connecting hole 72.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 9 An embodiment of the present application also provides a marine wind power foundation, which comprises a wind turbine support frame 9 and the negative pressure barrel.

[0053] According to actual needs, different types of wind turbine support frames 9 can be selected to connect one or more negative pressure barrels, thereby forming a single-barrel foundation or a multi-barrel foundation.

[0054] For the single-barrel foundation, the wind turbine support frame 9 is placed at the center of the top end of the barrel 1. For the multi-barrel foundation, each leg of the wind turbine support frame 9 is connected to the top end of each barrel 1.

[0055] In the state where the movable lower layer connecting hole 61 is aligned with the fixed lower layer connecting hole 71, the bolt of the bolt assembly is passed through the movable lower layer connecting hole 61 and the fixed lower layer connecting hole 71, and a nut is installed on the bolt to fix the limiting piece 4 and the barrel 1, so that the negative pressure barrel is in a state of being ready to be installed.

[0056] After the marine wind power foundation is accurately hoisted to the designated position by the installation ship, the barrel 1 is penetrated into the seabed to a certain depth by the self-weight of the marine wind power foundation. The seabed penetration hole is formed between the barrel 1 and the seabed. Then, the valve 5 of the drain hole 12 is opened, and the seawater and air in the barrel 1 are pumped out by an external vacuum pump, so that the negative pressure is formed in the chamber 11. Under the action of the negative pressure, the barrel 1 continues to penetrate into the seabed until it reaches the first depth. At this time, the limiting piece 4 abuts against the seabed. Since the limiting piece 4 is annular and is sleeved on the barrel 1, the contact area between the limiting piece 4 and the seabed is large, and the resistance is large.

[0057] When the barrel 1 penetrates the seabed to the first depth, the negative pressure suction is paused, and then the bolt assembly is removed, so that the limiting piece 4 can move relative to the barrel 1. Then continue to suck the barrel 1, the barrel 1 moves to the second depth under the action of negative pressure, and the limiting piece 4 cannot penetrate into the seabed because of the large contact area and large resistance. At this time, the pull rod 3 has a tendency to move relative to the expansion sheet 2. If the limiting piece 4 is connected to the pull rod 3 through the elastic element 8, the elastic element 8 is gradually compressed, and when the elastic element 8 is compressed to a certain extent, the pressure required to continue to compress the elastic element 8 is greater than the force required to push the convex part 31 to deform the expansion part 22 to extend out of the sliding groove 13, then the convex part 31 pushes the expansion part 22 to extend out of the sliding groove 13. The first inclined surface 311 of the convex part 31 is in close contact with the second inclined surface 221 of the expansion part 22. In the relative movement, the cooperation of the first inclined surface 311 and the second inclined surface 221 facilitates the movement of the expansion part 22 away from the center of the barrel 1, and the bending groove 24 facilitates the deformation of the expansion part 22.

[0058] When the fixed upper connecting hole 72 moves to a position aligned with the movable upper connecting hole 62, the convex part 31 moves close to the fixed part 21, and at this time, the deformation amount of the expansion part 22 is also the largest, and at this time, the barrel 1 is in a fully penetrated state in the seabed. Then pass the bolt of the bolt assembly through the movable upper connecting hole 62 and the fixed upper connecting hole 72, so that the pull rod 3 and the expanded expansion sheet 2 are all in a fixed and connected relationship with the barrel 1, so that the convex part 31 stably abuts against the expansion part 22, and the expansion part 22 stably abuts against the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole.

[0059] If the hardness of the contact position between the expansion part 22 and the seabed penetration hole is large, the expansion part 22 cannot be smoothly embedded in the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole, and under the action of the elastic element 8, an upward pulling force is applied to the pull rod 3, so that the convex part 31 exerts a certain extrusion force on the expansion part 22, thereby increasing the pressure between the expansion part 22 and the inner wall of the seabed penetration hole, thereby improving the vertical uplift bearing capacity. And because the limiting piece 4 is supported by the seabed, the supporting area of the seabed to the negative pressure barrel can be improved, thereby improving the vertical bearing capacity, horizontal resistance and anti-overturning moment of the negative pressure barrel foundation, so as to better reduce the failure probability of the negative pressure barrel.

[0060] Finally, close the valve 5 and seal the drain hole 12, that is, the installation of the offshore wind power foundation is completed.

[0061] When the negative pressure barrel of the present application is recycled, the specific working process is as follows:

[0062] First, unscrew the bolt assembly between the movable connecting seat 6 and the fixed connecting seat 7, so that the barrel 1 can move relative to the limiting piece 4. Then apply a downward pressure to the pull rod 3 through a tool or negative pressure, so that the convex part 31 descends relative to the expansion part 22, and the convex part 31 no longer supports the expansion part 22.

[0063] Subsequently, the valve 5 of the drain hole 12 is opened, so that the outside seawater or air can freely enter the inside of the barrel 1. With the inflow of the fluid, the pressure inside the barrel 1 gradually rises until it reaches a balance with the outside environment pressure; when the pressure inside the barrel 1 balances, gas or liquid is introduced into the drain hole 12, so that the pressure in the chamber 11 increases, and the pressure between the expansion part 22 and the seabed penetration hole decreases after the expansion part 22 loses the support of the protruding part 31. When the pressure in the barrel 1 increases to a certain extent, the barrel 1 will overcome the resistance including the friction between the expansion part 22 and the seabed penetration hole and move upward. During the upward movement of the barrel 1, the expansion part 22 will gradually retract into the chute 13 under the extrusion of the seabed, and return to or close to the initial state, so as to further reduce the recovery resistance and make the barrel 1 separate from the seabed.

[0064] Alternatively, after the pressure inside the barrel 1 balances, the lifting device on the installation ship is used to connect the sling with the fan support frame 9 or the negative pressure barrel. The lifting device is started to slowly apply upward tension. Since there is only small friction between the negative pressure barrel and the seabed at this time, the negative pressure barrel can be smoothly pulled out of the seabed under the action of the lifting force and be lifted to the installation ship, thus completing the entire recovery process.

[0065] The above recovery process fully utilizes the structural design of the negative pressure barrel, avoids the recovery problem caused by the traditional grouting sealing, reduces the recovery difficulty and cost, and has clear and reasonable operation process, which is suitable for practical engineering application.

[0066] The offshore wind power foundation of the present application is generally suitable for sea areas with a water depth of 20-80m. In this water depth range, the negative pressure barrel can be stably penetrated into the seabed and provide reliable support through its structural design and negative pressure principle, and at the same time, the installation ship and other equipment can be used for foundation installation and recovery operation.

[0067] In terms of geology, soft soil is more suitable, including silt, silt soil, silty clay, etc. Under such soft soil conditions, the negative pressure barrel can be smoothly penetrated into the seabed under the action of its own weight and negative pressure, and the expansion sheet 2 can form effective side friction resistance with the soft soil after extension, thereby improving the uplift and overall stability of the foundation.

[0068] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0069] The above embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, which are described in a more specific and detailed manner, but cannot be understood as a limitation to the scope of the patent. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which are all within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

[0070] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0071] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0072] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A negative pressure tank, comprising a tank body (1), wherein the tank body (1) has an open-bottomed chamber (11) inside, and a drain hole (12) communicating with the chamber (11) is provided at the top of the tank body (1), characterized in that, A groove (13) is provided on the outer wall of the barrel (1) along its axial direction. An expansion plate (2) and a pull rod (3) are provided in the groove (13). The expansion plate (2) includes a fixing part (21) and an expansion part (22). The fixing part (21) is fixedly connected to the groove (13), and the pull rod (3) is slidably connected to the groove (13). The pull rod (3) includes a part that contacts and cooperates with the expansion part (22) and is used to push the expansion part (22) to move away from the center of the barrel (1). The barrel (1) extends into a groove (13) with a protrusion (31); it also includes a limiting member (4) connected to a pull rod (3); when the barrel (1) penetrates the seabed to a first depth, the limiting member (4) abuts against the seabed and provides an upward supporting force to the pull rod (3) to limit the pull rod (3) from descending with the barrel (1), thereby increasing the pressure between the protrusion (31) and the expansion portion (22), so that the expansion portion (22) has a direction away from the center of the barrel (1). The trend extends outward from the chute (13); a movable connecting seat (6) is fixed on the limiting member (4), and a fixed connecting seat (7) is fixed on the top of the barrel (1). The movable connecting seat (6) and the fixed connecting seat (7) are connected by a bolt assembly; the movable connecting seat (6) has a movable lower connecting hole (61) and a movable upper connecting hole (62), the movable lower connecting hole (61) is located below the movable upper connecting hole (62), the fixed connecting seat (7) has a fixed lower connecting hole (71) and a fixed upper connecting hole (72), the fixed lower connecting hole (71) is located below the fixed upper connecting hole (72); the movable lower connecting hole (61) and the fixed lower connecting hole (71) are aligned, and the bolt of the bolt assembly passes through the movable lower connecting hole (61) and the fixed lower connecting hole (71); when the barrel (1) penetrates the seabed to the second depth, the movable upper connecting hole (62) and the fixed upper connecting hole (72) are aligned.

2. The negative pressure tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion plate (2) has a first arc surface (23) that matches the outer wall of the barrel (1), and the pull rod (3) has a second arc surface (32) that matches the outer wall of the barrel (1).

3. The negative pressure tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The expansion plate (2) and the pull rod (3) together fill the groove (13).

4. The negative pressure tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The groove (13) is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the barrel (1), and the limiting member (4) is sleeved on the barrel (1), with the top of the limiting member (4) lower than the top of the barrel (1).

5. The negative pressure tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion (31) includes a first inclined surface (311) facing the expansion portion (22), and the expansion portion (22) includes a second inclined surface (221) facing the protrusion (31), with the first inclined surface (311) and the second inclined surface (221) fitting together.

6. The negative pressure tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion plate (2) is provided with a bending groove (24), the opening of the bending groove (24) faces the inside of the barrel (1), and the bending groove (24) is located at the junction of the fixing part (21) and the expansion part (22).

7. The negative pressure tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, A valve (5) is installed on the drain hole (12) to control the opening and closing of the drain hole (12).

8. The negative pressure tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting member (4) is connected to the pull rod (3) through the elastic member (8). The pull rod (3) also includes a horizontal extension (33). The upper end of the elastic member (8) is connected to the bottom of the horizontal extension (33), and the lower end of the elastic member (8) is connected to the upper end of the limiting member (4).

9. A type of offshore wind power foundation, characterized in that, It includes a fan support frame (9) and a negative pressure tank as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fan support frame (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the tank body (1).

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