Laminated slab semi-embedded line pipe mounting system based on BIM technology and mounting method of laminated slab semi-embedded line pipe mounting system

Abstract

The invention provides a composite slab semi-embedded line pipe mounting system based on a BIM technology and a mounting method thereof, which are applied to a composite floor slab composed of a prefabricated layer and a cast-in-place layer formed by post-pouring concrete. The lower embedded pipe is embedded in a prefabricated layer, and the upper splicing pipe is suitable for being installed in a cast-in-place layer and is in butt joint with the lower embedded pipe. The special pre-embedded wire box is configured to be at least partially pre-embedded in the prefabricated layer and connected with the splicing type electrical wire pipe, and the special pre-embedded wire box comprises at least one of the following parts: a crossed pre-embedded box of which the box body is internally provided with a metal branching partition plate for physically isolating a strong-current cable from a weak-current cable; a circular rotary pre-embedded wire box; and a connection socket. According to the method, the form of combining the BIM pipeline comprehensive technology and line pipe semi-embedded installation is adopted, the problem that line pipe concentration parts are crossed and overlapped and cannot penetrate into the bottom of the truss in a traditional method is solved, and the thickness of a protection layer of the floor is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to a semi-embedded conduit installation system for composite slabs based on BIM technology and its installation method. Background Technology

[0002] In current prefabricated building practices, most of the electromechanical installation work is still concentrated in the on-site construction phase. For composite slabs, the traditional method of installing conduits usually involves pre-embedding junction boxes in the prefabricated parts and then laying connecting conduits when the composite layer is poured on-site. This approach has many drawbacks: First, it involves a large amount of on-site work, resulting in low installation efficiency and prolonging the construction cycle, which contradicts the efficient and rapid concept of prefabricated buildings; second, the installation quality is easily affected by the complex on-site construction environment and the skill level of the workers, making it difficult to guarantee; third, on-site operations increase safety risks such as working at heights.

[0003] The problem becomes even more challenging when using composite slabs with reinforced steel trusses. Because current electromechanical design drawings typically lack detailed specifications for conduit routes, construction workers must determine the routes on-site based on experience. This easily leads to multiple overlapping and intersecting conduits in densely packed areas, preventing conduits from passing under the truss reinforcement or resulting in insufficient concrete cover thickness for the floor slab. To address this, destructive measures such as chiseling grooves and holes in the precast slab, or even cutting parts of the truss reinforcement, are often employed on-site, severely impacting structural safety and the quality of electromechanical installation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system and its installation method based on BIM technology.

[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows: A BIM-based semi-embedded conduit installation system for composite slabs, applied to composite floor slabs consisting of precast layers and cast-in-place layers formed by post-cast concrete, includes: The splicable electrical conduit includes a lower pre-embedded pipe embedded in the precast layer and an upper splicing pipe adapted to be installed in the cast-in-place layer and connected to the lower pre-embedded pipe. A dedicated pre-embedded junction box, configured to be at least partially embedded within the prefabricated layer and connected to the splicable electrical conduit, the dedicated pre-embedded junction box comprising at least one of the following: The cross-embedded box has a metal cable divider inside the box to physically isolate high-voltage cables from low-voltage cables. A circular rotating embedded junction box includes a base embedded in the prefabricated layer and a top cover that can rotate relative to the base and has wiring holes for alignment and connection with a small-diameter conduit. A connection socket is provided at the connection end between the dedicated pre-embedded junction box and the splicable electrical conduit, and is used to fix the two together.

[0006] Optionally, the connection socket is a threaded structure to provide a secure connection while ensuring the sealing of the joint and preventing grout leakage during the pouring of the cast-in-place layer.

[0007] Optionally, the metal branching partition inside the cross-embedded box has a pluggable structure.

[0008] Optionally, the upper cover of the circular rotating embedded cable box is provided with a rotating track with a limiting function between the upper cover and the base. The rotating track allows the upper cover to be rotated and locked in position within a predetermined angle range.

[0009] Optionally, the layout path of the lower embedded pipe is planned according to a pre-established Building Information Model (BIM) to avoid the structural nodes of the steel truss.

[0010] An installation method for a composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system based on BIM technology, as described above, includes the following steps: BIM detailed design steps: Use Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology to perform three-dimensional integrated layout of the building's electromechanical pipelines, and generate a detailed design model that includes the installation paths of the splicable electrical conduits and dedicated pre-embedded junction boxes; Factory prefabrication steps: Based on the data exported from the detailed design model, during the production of the prefabricated layer of the composite slab, the lower part of the pre-embedded pipe of the splicable electrical conduit and the lower half or base of the special pre-embedded junction box are pre-embedded in the prefabricated layer. On-site installation and splicing steps: After hoisting the precast slab with embedded parts into place, the upper splicing pipe of the splicable electrical conduit is spliced ​​with the lower embedded pipe through the connecting socket, and the installation of the special embedded junction box is completed. Construction steps for cast-in-place layer: After the installation and splicing of all conduits and junction boxes are completed, concrete is poured to form the cast-in-place layer of the composite slab.

[0011] Optionally, the BIM detailed design steps further include: performing collision detection on the electromechanical pipeline model and the structural reinforcement model, and automatically or manually optimizing the pipeline path based on the detection results to avoid physical conflicts.

[0012] Optionally, when dealing with the cross-layout of high-voltage and low-voltage cables, the on-site installation and splicing steps further include: installing the metal cable divider in the corresponding cross-embedded box to achieve signal isolation.

[0013] Optionally, when connecting small-diameter conduits with a nominal diameter of DN15 or less, the on-site installation and splicing steps utilize the circular rotating pre-embedded junction box, and the small-diameter conduit is precisely aligned and connected by rotating its top cover.

[0014] Optionally, the factory prefabrication step further includes: using the digital manufacturing data exported from the BIM detailed design model to directly drive or guide the setting of the embedded part positioning device in the prefabricated component mold, and generating a unique identification code for each embedded component for on-site traceability, identification and precise installation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By using BIM for pre-layout, the conflict between conduits and truss reinforcement was resolved, eliminating the need for on-site trenching or rebar cutting, effectively ensuring the thickness of the floor slab protective layer and structural integrity. Conduit paths were optimized through BIM, resulting in a neat and orderly arrangement. The semi-embedded method made on-site installation traceable, avoiding the chaos caused by workers arbitrarily laying conduits and significantly improving installation accuracy. Innovative metal partitions were installed in junction boxes where strong and weak current lines intersected, effectively shielding electromagnetic interference and ensuring the stability and safety of weak current signal transmission. The use of rotatable circular junction boxes allowed for adjustments to wiring direction within a small range, cleverly solving the problem of misalignment between conduits and junction box holes due to construction errors. By moving a large amount of conduit positioning and some installation work to the factory prefabrication stage, the amount of on-site work and construction time were significantly reduced, aligning with the industrialization concept of prefabricated buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated half-conduit pre-embedded installation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the splicable electrical conduit splicing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-embedded structure of the vertical cross junction box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the strong and weak current separation plate structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-embedded structure of the corner cross junction box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating connecting box structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Lower embedded pipe; 2. Upper splicing pipe; 3. Connecting socket; 4. Cross embedded box; 41. Metal branch partition; 5. Circular rotating embedded box; 51. Base; 52. Top cover; 53. Wiring hole; 6. Corner embedded box; 7. Precast layer. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-6 This invention provides a BIM-based semi-embedded conduit installation system for composite slabs, applicable to composite floor slabs consisting of a precast layer 7 and a cast-in-place layer formed by post-cast concrete, comprising: The splicable electrical conduit includes a lower pre-embedded pipe 1 embedded in the precast layer 7 and an upper splicing pipe 2 suitable for installation in the cast-in-place layer and connected to the lower pre-embedded pipe 1. A dedicated pre-embedded junction box, configured to be at least partially embedded within the prefabricated layer 7 and connected to a splicable electrical conduit, the dedicated pre-embedded junction box comprising at least one of the following: The cross-embedded box 4 has a metal cable divider 41 inside its body for physically isolating high-voltage cables from low-voltage cables. The circular rotating embedded junction box 5 includes a base 51 embedded in the prefabricated layer 7 and an upper cover 52 that can rotate relative to the base 51 and has wiring holes 53, for alignment and connection with small-diameter conduits. Connection port 3 is located at the connection end of the dedicated pre-embedded junction box and the splicable electrical conduit, and is used to fix the two together.

[0022] Specifically, the system is installed in a typical reinforced steel truss composite slab, which includes a prefabricated layer 7 precast in the factory and a cast-in-place layer poured on site. The lower chord and web members of the steel truss are visible inside the prefabricated layer 7. The lower embedded pipe 1 of the splicable electrical conduit and the lower half of the dedicated embedded junction box (such as the base 51 of the cross embedded box 4 or the base 51 of the circular rotating embedded junction box 5) are both pre-embedded in the prefabricated layer 7 during the factory production stage. On site, the upper splicing pipe 2 is spliced ​​with the lower embedded pipe 1, and the upper half of the dedicated embedded junction box (such as the cover of the cross embedded box 4 or the upper cover 52 of the circular rotating embedded junction box 5) is also installed. Finally, all these spliced ​​conduit systems are covered in the concrete of the cast-in-place layer, forming a complete, interconnected conduit network.

[0023] Please see Figure 2 The lower embedded pipe 1 is typically made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant PVC or HDPE material. Its outer surface can be designed with ribs or a rough texture to enhance the bond strength with the precast concrete layer 7. The path and length of the lower embedded pipe 1 are entirely determined by the BIM detailed design model and precisely pre-embedded in the factory. Its end is exposed on the surface of the precast layer 7, forming a connection interface. The upper splicing pipe 2 is made of the same material as the lower embedded pipe 1 and is used for on-site connection and laying within the cast-in-place layer. Its length can be fine-tuned according to the actual site conditions, increasing construction flexibility. The lower embedded pipe 1 and the upper splicing pipe 2 adopt a snap-fit ​​structure. The lower embedded pipe 1 has a female end with one or more annular grooves on its inner wall, while the upper splicing pipe 2 has a male end with corresponding elastic claws on its outer wall. When the male end is inserted into the female end, the claws spring into the grooves, achieving a secure axial lock. To ensure waterproofing and leak-proof performance, a rubber or silicone O-ring is pre-installed in the groove of the female opening. When concrete is poured, the O-ring is compressed and can effectively seal the gap.

[0024] In this embodiment, the connecting socket 3 can also adopt a snap-fit ​​structure to provide stronger connection force, which is suitable for occasions with high tensile strength requirements. A rubber or silicone sealing ring can be set at the connection to ensure the sealing of the connection while providing a stable connection, and to prevent grout leakage when pouring the cast-in-place layer.

[0025] In modern buildings, it is very common for high-voltage (lighting, sockets) and low-voltage (network, telephone, television, security) cables to be laid in parallel or cross paths. According to the principle of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), the alternating magnetic field generated by high-voltage cables during operation can cause electromagnetic interference (EMI) to nearby low-voltage cables, leading to problems such as network packet loss, communication noise, and unstable video signals. Traditionally, this problem is usually solved by increasing the spacing between cables, but this problem is particularly prominent in the limited space of junction boxes. The cross-embedded box 4 not only solves the problem of physical space crossing, but more importantly, it solves the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) problem. The box body is usually injection molded from high-strength insulating materials (such as flame-retardant ABS or PVC), and consists of a base 51 pre-embedded in the prefabricated layer 7 and a cover for on-site installation. Multiple knockout holes are reserved around the box body to accommodate conduit access in different directions.

[0026] Furthermore, the metal cable divider 41 inside the cross-embedded box 4 is a pluggable metal plate, such as a galvanized steel plate or aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 0.8mm to 1.5mm. The box base has symmetrical slots for fixing the divider. During on-site installation, the metal cable divider 41 can be easily inserted into the slots, physically dividing the box space into two independent chambers for laying high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables respectively. This metal cable divider 41 acts as electromagnetic shielding, utilizing the conductivity of metal to attenuate the alternating electromagnetic field generated by the high-voltage cables through eddy current effects and providing a grounding path, thereby effectively preventing interference with adjacent low-voltage cable signals.

[0027] Please see Figure 6 In actual construction, even with precise BIM guidance, minor cumulative errors in component manufacturing and hoisting can lead to a deviation of a few millimeters or a slight angle between the end of the embedded conduit and the junction box wiring hole 53. For small-diameter conduits (such as DN15 and DN20 conduits used for lighting fixtures), such a slight deviation is enough to cause connection difficulties or even make connection impossible. Workers may need to forcibly twist the conduit or enlarge the hole, which affects aesthetics and poses potential hazards. The circular rotating embedded junction box 5 is specifically designed for small-diameter conduits (such as lighting circuit conduits with a nominal diameter of DN15 and below). It mainly solves the problem of difficulty in accurately aligning the conduit with the junction box wiring hole 53 due to prefabrication and installation errors. The junction box consists of a base 51 embedded in the precast layer 7 and a rotatable top cover 52. The base 51 is a hollow cylinder with a closed bottom, fixed in the concrete of the precast layer 7. The top cover 52 has standard wiring holes 53. The base 51 has an inner ring slide rail, while the outer edge of the top cover 52 has a matching slider, allowing the top cover 52 to rotate 360° relative to the base 51 in the horizontal plane. Furthermore, the slide rail has multiple limiting points or ratchet structures, which can lock the top cover 52 after it has rotated to the desired angle, preventing accidental rotation during subsequent construction. During on-site installation, if a slight misalignment is found between the conduit to be connected and the pre-embedded wiring hole 53, workers do not need to adjust the conduit; they can simply rotate the top cover 52 to precisely align the wiring hole 53 with the conduit, and then complete the connection. This design greatly improves installation tolerance and construction accuracy.

[0028] In addition, please see Figure 5It is common for cables to require 90-degree turns in planar or three-dimensional environments. In traditional on-site construction, workers need to use pipe benders to bend straight pipes. The quality of operation depends entirely on the worker's skill level. If the bending radius is too small, it will damage the cable insulation layer and increase the resistance of wire pulling; if the bending is not standardized, it will affect the aesthetics and subsequent construction. Therefore, the special pre-embedded box also includes a corner pre-embedded box 6. The corner pre-embedded box 6 provides a standardized, prefabricated corner transition solution. At the location where a corner is required, such a corner pre-embedded box 6 can be directly pre-embedded or spliced ​​to replace the complicated on-site pipe bending operation. This not only ensures that the bending radius at all corners meets the specifications and reduces line loss, but also transforms a non-standard, skill-dependent process into a standard, simple component installation process, further improving the standardization level and efficiency of construction.

[0029] The installation method of the composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system based on BIM technology provided by the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: BIM Detailed Design: First, all project stakeholders (architecture, structure, MEP) need to collaboratively build a federated BIM model containing information from all disciplines on a collaborative platform. This model should achieve LOD350 or higher accuracy, precisely representing the geometric dimensions, spatial location, and attribute information of all components. Using the pipeline integration function of BIM software (such as Autodesk Revit, Navisworks, or Solibri), a preliminary 3D layout of all MEP pipelines is performed. Subsequently, the automatic clash detection function is activated. The software can automatically identify hard clashes between pipelines and structural reinforcement (especially steel trusses), as well as soft clashes between pipelines or insufficient spacing between pipelines and components. The clash report will visually display all conflict points in the form of a list and a 3D view. BIM engineers and... Engineers from various disciplines collaborated to optimize and adjust pipeline routes based on collision reports. Optimization principles included: a) prioritizing structural safety, with pipelines avoiding major load-bearing steel reinforcement and truss nodes; b) adhering to general layout rules such as "smaller pipes yield to larger pipes, pressurized pipes yield to unpressurized pipes, electrical conduits above, water pipes below"; c) minimizing the number of bends to shorten the total pipeline length. The optimized routes were solidified in the final detailed design model. After the detailed design model was completed, various data for production and construction were extracted, including: a) prefabricated component production drawings with precise dimensions and positioning information; b) manufacturing data used to drive CNC machine tools for mold positioning or steel reinforcement processing; c) a list containing a unique ID, location coordinates, and installation information for each embedded part, which can be combined with RFID or QR code technology for material tracking and management. Step 2, Factory Prefabrication: Based on the production drawings exported from BIM, create or adjust the molds for prefabricated composite slabs; the positioning points of the embedded parts (lower embedded pipe 1, junction box base 51) can be accurately marked on the mold using laser projection or CNC positioning devices; after workers tie the reinforcing bars and lay the reinforcing truss inside the mold, install and firmly fix the lower embedded pipe 1, the base of the cross embedded box 4, the base 51 of the circular rotating embedded junction box 5, etc., in the system of this invention according to the positioning marks inside the mold, ensuring that the embedded parts do not shift during concrete pouring; all reserved connection sockets 3 and junction box openings must be protected with special temporary sealing caps or tape to prevent concrete slurry from entering, contaminating the interface, and affecting subsequent splicing; pour self-compacting concrete and steam cure it, and demold after reaching the design strength; each prefabricated component should be attached with a QR code or RFID tag containing BIM information for identification and traceability during transportation, warehousing, and on-site installation; Step 3: On-site installation and splicing: Precast slabs are hoisted to designated positions sequentially according to the BIM installation simulation plan and component numbers. Workers remove the protective covers from the embedded interfaces, clean the interfaces, and then align the male end of the upper splicing pipe 2 with the female end of the lower embedded pipe 1, inserting it forcefully until a "click" sound is heard or the threads are tightened to complete the splicing. The entire process requires no complex tools and is easy to operate. At the cross-embedded boxes 4 where strong and weak currents need to be isolated, workers insert the metal branching plate 41 into the preset slot. At locations where small-diameter pipelines need to be connected, if alignment deviations are found, the upper cover 52 of the circular embedded junction box 5 is rotated to achieve precise connection. After all pipelines are spliced, a continuity test (such as an air blowing or wire threading test) is performed to ensure all pipelines are unobstructed. Step 4: Concrete Pouring: After confirming that all pipeline systems are installed correctly, begin tying the upper layer of reinforcing mesh for the cast-in-place layer, and then pour concrete. During the pouring process, care should be taken to protect the installed pipelines and avoid direct impact from the vibrator on the pipelines. After the concrete has cured to the design strength, the entire composite floor slab, along with the internal electrical network system, is completed.

[0030] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should recognize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-embedded conduit installation system for composite slabs based on BIM technology, applied to composite floor slabs consisting of precast layers and cast-in-place layers formed by post-cast concrete, characterized in that... include: The splicable electrical conduit includes a lower pre-embedded pipe embedded in the precast layer and an upper splicing pipe adapted to be installed in the cast-in-place layer and connected to the lower pre-embedded pipe. A dedicated pre-embedded junction box, configured to be at least partially embedded within the prefabricated layer and connected to the splicable electrical conduit, the dedicated pre-embedded junction box comprising at least one of the following: The cross-embedded box has a metal cable divider inside the box to physically isolate high-voltage cables from low-voltage cables. A circular rotating embedded junction box includes a base embedded in the prefabricated layer and a top cover that can rotate relative to the base and has wiring holes for alignment and connection with a small-diameter conduit. A connection socket is provided at the connection end between the dedicated pre-embedded junction box and the splicable electrical conduit, and is used to fix the two together.

2. The composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection port is a snap-fit ​​structure.

3. The composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal branching partition inside the cross-embedded box has a pluggable structure.

4. The composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper cover of the circular rotating embedded wire box is provided with a rotating track with a limit function between the base and the upper cover. The rotating track allows the upper cover to be rotated and locked in position within a predetermined angle range.

5. The composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The layout path of the lower embedded pipe is planned according to the pre-established Building Information Model (BIM) to avoid the structural nodes of the steel truss.

6. An installation method for a composite slab semi-embedded conduit installation system based on BIM technology as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: BIM detailed design steps: Use Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology to perform three-dimensional integrated layout of the building's electromechanical pipelines, and generate a detailed design model that includes the installation paths of the splicable electrical conduits and dedicated pre-embedded junction boxes; Factory prefabrication steps: Based on the data exported from the detailed design model, during the production of the prefabricated layer of the composite slab, the lower part of the pre-embedded pipe of the splicable electrical conduit and the lower half or base of the special pre-embedded junction box are pre-embedded in the prefabricated layer. On-site installation and splicing steps: After hoisting the precast slab with embedded parts into place, the upper splicing pipe of the splicable electrical conduit is spliced ​​with the lower embedded pipe through the connecting socket, and the installation of the special embedded junction box is completed. Construction steps for cast-in-place layer: After the installation and splicing of all conduits and junction boxes are completed, concrete is poured to form the cast-in-place layer of the composite slab.

7. The installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The BIM detailed design steps further include: performing collision detection on the electromechanical pipeline model and the structural reinforcement model, and automatically or manually optimizing the pipeline path based on the detection results to avoid physical conflicts.

8. The installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When dealing with the cross-layout of high-voltage and low-voltage cables, the on-site installation and splicing steps further include: installing the metal cable divider in the corresponding cross-embedded box to achieve signal isolation.

9. The installation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, When connecting small-diameter conduits with a nominal diameter of DN15 or less, the on-site installation and splicing steps use the circular rotating pre-embedded junction box, and the small-diameter conduit is precisely aligned and connected by rotating its top cover.

10. The installation method according to any one of claims 6, characterized in that, The factory prefabrication step further includes: using the digital manufacturing data exported from the BIM detailed design model to directly drive or guide the setting of the embedded part positioning device in the prefabricated component mold, and generating a unique identification code for each embedded component for on-site traceability, identification and precise installation.

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