A station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat exhaust

Abstract

The application provides a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat exhaust, which is essentially a novel and efficient integrated ventilation and smoke exhaust system for underground stations, and relates to the technical field of station platform area safety. A bidirectional electric air valve is arranged above the platform door between the track area and the public area of the station, when the public area of the station needs ventilation and the train is running in the interval tunnel, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened, the air pressure change caused by the train entering and leaving the track area of the station is used to strengthen the natural ventilation of the platform area, and the tunnel fan system arranged at the end of the station is used in combination with the bidirectional electric air valve arranged above the platform door to meet the smoke exhaust demand of the public area of the station platform, and the train fire stopping at the track area of the station. The application discloses a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat exhaust, which achieves more efficient smoke exhaust effect under the condition of trackless heat exhaust fan, trackless roof exhaust air duct and smoke exhaust pipe without the public area of the station, and realizes double optimization of construction and operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of station ventilation and smoke extraction technology, and in particular to a station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional urban rail transit stations primarily employ semi-lateral track heat dissipation systems with overhead and under-rail ventilation ducts. The exhaust air from these ducts mainly dissipates heat from the air conditioning condensers on the train's roof and the brakes on the train's underside. However, with the development of braking technologies such as undercarriage braking resistors located in traction substations and regenerative braking, the significance of under-rail heat dissipation ducts has diminished, leading to their gradual elimination. When traditionally exhausting smoke in the public area of ​​a station platform, the station platform smoke exhaust system is usually activated, along with the TVF fans (tunnel fans) at both ends of the station, the track heat exhaust system, and the sliding doors at the beginning and end of the station. Alternatively, the track heat exhaust system can be connected to a centralized duct to the public area of ​​the station platform for auxiliary smoke exhaust. Traditional smoke extraction methods have the following problems: ① Smoke extraction paths are scattered, airflows interfere with each other, and control is complex; ② Traditional solutions use track-mounted ventilation ducts, but the track-top ducts are heavy and suspended below the central slab. Concrete has weak tensile strength and is prone to loosening under repeated piston pressure, posing a safety hazard. Separate supports need to be erected during construction, making construction difficult; ③ Under traditional smoke extraction methods, the "eight"-shaped layout of stairwells and escalators in underground stations cannot form effective airflow organization. Smoke sinks and accumulates, resulting in poor smoke extraction; ④ Traditional smoke extraction methods require the installation of return and exhaust ventilation ducts in the public area of ​​the platform level. These ducts are large, running along the length of the platform, occupying significant space and putting considerable pressure on the subway platform's integrated pipelines and decoration.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN120211842A discloses a subway platform screen door type smoke exhaust system based on a one-way sealed smoke exhaust valve. By installing a one-way sealed smoke exhaust valve above the top beam of the platform screen door, the connection between the subway platform space and the station tunnel space is realized under smoke exhaust conditions. The smoke exhaust scheme design is transformed from a "platform screen door system" to an "open and closed system" to avoid setting up a track top air duct in the subway platform, thus simplifying the subway platform smoke exhaust system setup. The one-way sealed smoke exhaust valve can meet the requirements of upstream trains passing over a fire-prone subway platform, avoiding smoke backflow. The control process of the one-way sealed smoke exhaust valve is simple and can avoid manual or automatic intervention. This solution optimizes ventilation and smoke extraction to some extent and simplifies the smoke extraction system in the platform's public area. However, its key focus is preventing smoke backflow. Because a one-way sealed smoke extraction valve is installed above the platform screen door's top beam, ventilation is limited to one direction. Preventing smoke backflow would prevent airflow from the station's track area from entering the platform's public area, thus affecting ventilation through the track area. Furthermore, it retains the air conditioning return / exhaust ductwork and several smoke extraction vents on the platform's public area ceiling. During actual smoke extraction, the one-way sealed smoke extraction valve opens, simultaneously activating the tunnel ventilation and smoke extraction system. Smoke is then exhausted outdoors through the tunnel fan via the exhaust valve, making it difficult for smoke to flow from the smoke extraction vents to the exhaust shaft. The air conditioning return / exhaust ductwork and the smoke extraction vents on the platform's public area ceiling still present significant construction challenges. Moreover, this application only applies to single-piston ventilation shafts and cannot achieve ventilation and smoke extraction control for double-piston shafts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing station ventilation and smoke exhaust systems, which have complex structures and weak ventilation capacity, and to provide a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation, comprising: The track area smoke exhaust ventilation system is installed on both sides of the enclosed platform public area along the track area of ​​the station. The track area smoke exhaust ventilation system can supply air into the track area of ​​the station and exhaust smoke away from the track area of ​​the station. A bidirectional electric air valve assembly, comprising several bidirectional electric air valves MD14, wherein the bidirectional electric air valves MD14 are disposed above the top suspension beam of the platform door between the station track area and the enclosed platform public area, and the bidirectional electric air valves MD14 are capable of bidirectionally connecting the station track area and the platform public area.

[0006] The station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation described in this invention, due to the inclusion of a track area smoke extraction and ventilation system, can utilize the track area smoke extraction and ventilation system to ventilate and exchange air in the station's track area, and can also achieve smoke extraction from the track area. A two-way electric damper assembly is installed above the suspended beam at the top of the platform door between the station's track area and the enclosed platform public area, enabling bidirectional communication between the platform public area and the station's track area. By opening several two-way electric dampers MD14, smoke from the platform public area can be exhausted to the track area, thus utilizing the track area smoke extraction and ventilation system for smoke extraction. Furthermore, by opening several two-way electric dampers MD14 in conjunction with the track area smoke extraction and ventilation system, ventilation and air exchange between the station's track area and the platform public area can be achieved. Moreover, when the platform public area requires ventilation and... When the train is running in the station track area, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened. The positive pressure generated when the train enters the station track area forces the air in the track area into the platform public area. The negative pressure generated when the train leaves the station track area draws the air in the platform public area into the station track area, thus achieving ventilation in the platform public area. Its ventilation capacity is stronger. Under the condition of meeting the ventilation needs of the station track area, the train stopping platform during a fire, and the smoke exhaust needs of the platform public area, the station track heat exhaust system (including track heat exhaust fans and track top heat exhaust ducts) and the smoke exhaust ducts set in the platform public area are eliminated. It integrates resources, reduces equipment investment and civil engineering requirements, effectively reduces project investment and operation and maintenance costs, and achieves dual optimization of construction costs and operational safety, with significant economic benefits throughout the entire life cycle.

[0007] Preferably, the track area smoke exhaust ventilation system includes a piston ventilation shaft, a tunnel fan, and a tunnel ventilation opening. The piston ventilation shaft is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening located inside the tunnel through a main ventilation duct. The two air outlets of the tunnel fan are connected to the main ventilation duct through a first end and a second end of a branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first end is close to the piston ventilation shaft, and the second end is close to the tunnel ventilation opening. A bidirectional electric air valve is provided between the tunnel fan and the second end, between the first end and the second end of the main ventilation duct, and between the second end and the tunnel ventilation opening of the main ventilation duct.

[0008] The above-mentioned track area smoke exhaust and ventilation system can control the ventilation and air exchange in the station track area and realize the smoke exhaust in the track area. When the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened, it can be used in conjunction with the smoke exhaust or ventilation in the platform public area.

[0009] Preferably, the station track area includes a left-line tunnel and a right-line tunnel, and the platform public area is located between the left-line tunnel track area and the right-line tunnel track area; The smoke exhaust and ventilation system of each track area includes two piston ventilation shafts, two tunnel fans and two tunnel ventilation openings. The two tunnel fans are the left tunnel fan and the right tunnel fan, respectively, and the two tunnel ventilation openings are respectively located in the left tunnel and the right tunnel. One of the piston ventilation shafts is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel through the first main ventilation duct. The two air outlets of the right tunnel fan are connected to the first main ventilation duct through the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct are close to the piston ventilation shaft and the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel. A bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is installed between the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct in the first main ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD02 is installed between the right tunnel fan and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD04 is installed between the second end of the first ventilation duct and the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel. Another piston ventilation shaft is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel through the second main ventilation duct. The two air outlets of the left tunnel fan are connected to the second main ventilation duct through the first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct are close to the piston ventilation shaft and the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel. A bidirectional electric air valve MD05 is installed between the first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct in the second main ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD01 is installed between the left tunnel fan and the second end of the second branch ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD03 is installed between the second end of the second branch ventilation duct and the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel. The first and second ventilation ducts are connected by a third ventilation duct. The third ventilation duct is equipped with a bidirectional electric air valve MD00, which is located between bidirectional electric air valves MD02 and MD01.

[0010] The aforementioned smoke exhaust and ventilation system in the track area includes two piston ventilation shafts, forming a dual-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system with better smoke exhaust and ventilation effects.

[0011] Preferably, the station track area includes a left-line tunnel and a right-line tunnel, and the platform public area is located between the left-line tunnel track area and the right-line tunnel track area; The smoke exhaust and ventilation system of each track area includes a piston ventilation shaft, two tunnel fans and two tunnel ventilation openings. The two tunnel fans are the left tunnel fan and the right tunnel fan, respectively, and the two tunnel ventilation openings are respectively located in the left tunnel and the right tunnel. The piston ventilation shaft is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel through the first main ventilation duct. The tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel is connected to the first main ventilation duct through the second main ventilation duct. The two air outlets of the right tunnel fan are connected to the first and second main ventilation ducts through the first and second ends of the first branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first and second ends of the first branch ventilation duct are close to the piston ventilation shaft and the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel. The two air outlets of the left tunnel fan are connected to the first and second ends of the first ventilation duct through the first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct are close to the piston ventilation shaft and the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel. A bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is installed between the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct in the first main ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD02 is installed between the right tunnel fan and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD04 is installed between the second end of the first branch ventilation duct and the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel. A bidirectional electric air valve MD01 is installed between the left tunnel fan and the second end of the second ventilation duct, and a bidirectional electric air valve MD03 is installed between the second end of the second ventilation duct and the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel.

[0012] The aforementioned smoke exhaust and ventilation system for the track area includes a piston ventilation shaft, which is a single-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system.

[0013] Preferably, the tunnel ventilation fan is a TVF fan, and the TVF fan is an axial flow fan.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes an exhaust shaft and a smoke exhaust fan. The exhaust shaft is connected to the smoke exhaust fan only through an exhaust pipe, and the smoke exhaust fan is connected to the station concourse public area only through an exhaust pipe. An electric air valve MD12 is installed between the station concourse public area and the smoke exhaust fan. There are no mechanical smoke exhaust pipes in the station platform public area, making construction simpler.

[0015] It can achieve smoke extraction in the station hall and ensure the safety of the station hall.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation, wherein the control of the station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation includes the following control methods: When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is running in the station track area, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is closed, and the piston wind generated by the train operation is used to control the exhaust ventilation system of the track area to achieve ventilation and air exchange between the station track area and the outside of the station. When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is stopped to wait for passengers, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 closes, controlling the smoke exhaust ventilation system in the track area to exhaust or supply air to the station track area, thereby achieving mechanical ventilation in the station track area. When a train stops at a station due to a fire and smoke needs to be ventilated from the station's track area, the MD14 bidirectional electric air valve on the side where the train is stopped is opened to control the smoke exhaust ventilation system in the track area and achieve smoke exhaust from the station's track area. When a fire occurs in the public area of ​​the platform and smoke needs to be ventilated, the two-way electric air valve MD14 is opened to supply air from the station entrance to the public area of ​​the platform, and the exhaust ventilation system of the station track area is controlled to exhaust smoke from the public area of ​​the platform. When ventilation is required in the platform public area and the train is running in the station track area, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened. The positive pressure generated when the train enters the station track area forces the air in the track area into the platform public area, and the negative pressure generated when the train leaves the station track area draws the air in the platform public area into the station track area, thus achieving ventilation in the platform public area.

[0017] The above-mentioned control method for station ventilation and smoke exhaust systems based on trackless heat dissipation can improve ventilation and smoke exhaust effects, making the station more comfortable and safer.

[0018] Preferably, when ventilation is required in the public area of ​​the platform and the train is running in the station track area, the system also includes controlling the smoke exhaust ventilation system of the track area to exhaust or supply air to the station track area to achieve mechanical ventilation in the station track area.

[0019] It can provide ventilation for the public areas of the platform.

[0020] Preferably, the station track area includes a left-line tunnel and a right-line tunnel, and the platform public area is located between the left-line tunnel track area and the right-line tunnel track area; The smoke exhaust and ventilation system of each track area includes two piston ventilation shafts, two tunnel fans and two tunnel ventilation openings. The two tunnel fans are the left tunnel fan and the right tunnel fan, respectively, and the two tunnel ventilation openings are respectively located in the left tunnel and the right tunnel. One of the piston ventilation shafts is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel through the first main ventilation duct. The two air outlets of the right tunnel fan are connected to the first main ventilation duct through the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct are close to the piston ventilation shaft and the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel. A bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is installed between the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct in the first main ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD02 is installed between the right tunnel fan and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD04 is installed between the second end of the first ventilation duct and the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel. Another piston ventilation shaft is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel through the second main ventilation duct. The two air outlets of the left tunnel fan are connected to the second main ventilation duct through the first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct are close to the piston ventilation shaft and the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel. A bidirectional electric air valve MD05 is installed between the first and second ends of the second branch ventilation duct in the second main ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD01 is installed between the left tunnel fan and the second end of the second branch ventilation duct. A bidirectional electric air valve MD03 is installed between the second end of the second branch ventilation duct and the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel. The first ventilation duct and the second ventilation duct are connected through the third ventilation duct. The third ventilation duct is equipped with a two-way electric air valve MD00, which is located between two-way electric air valves MD02 and MD01. When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is running in the tunnel section: When bidirectional electric air valves MD03-MD06 are open and bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is closed, the piston air generated by the train operation will pass through the second main ventilation duct in the left tunnel, sequentially through the tunnel ventilation opening in the left tunnel, bidirectional electric air valve MD03, bidirectional electric air valve MD05 and the corresponding piston air shaft, to achieve ventilation and air exchange between the track area of ​​the left tunnel and the outside of the station; when the train operation generates piston air in the right tunnel, it will pass through the first main ventilation duct, sequentially through the tunnel ventilation opening in the right tunnel, bidirectional electric air valve MD04, bidirectional electric air valve MD06 and the corresponding piston air shaft, to achieve ventilation and air exchange between the track area of ​​the right tunnel and the outside of the station. When the station track area requires ventilation and the train is stopped while passengers are waiting: Close the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 in the station track area, simultaneously open the bidirectional electric air valve MD01 and the left tunnel fan in the left tunnel, close the bidirectional electric air valve MD05, simultaneously open the bidirectional electric air valve MD02 and the right tunnel fan in the right tunnel, and close the bidirectional electric air valve MD06. Exhaust or supply air to the station track area through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft to achieve mechanical ventilation in the station track area. When a train catches fire and stops at a station, requiring smoke extraction from the station's track area: When exhausting smoke from the track area of ​​the station corresponding to the left-line tunnel, the left-line tunnel fan and the right-line tunnel fan are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD00-MD03 are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD04-MD06 are turned off, and the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 of the track area of ​​the station on the train-stopping side is turned on. At this time, the smoke enters the left-line tunnel fan and the right-line tunnel fan through the tunnel ventilation opening in the left-line tunnel, and then is discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft. When exhausting smoke from the track area of ​​the station corresponding to the right-line tunnel, the left-line tunnel fan and the right-line tunnel fan are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD00-MD02 and MD04 are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD03 and MD05-MD06 are turned off, and the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 of the track area of ​​the station on the train-stopping side is turned on. At this time, the smoke enters the left-line tunnel fan and the right-line tunnel fan through the tunnel ventilation opening in the right-line tunnel, and then is discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft. When a fire occurs in the public area of ​​the platform and smoke needs to be ventilated, the left and right tunnel fans are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD00-MD04 and MD14 are turned on, and the bidirectional electric air valves MD05-MD06 are turned off. At this time, the smoke from the public area of ​​the platform enters the tunnel ventilation openings in the left and right tunnels through the station track area of ​​the bidirectional electric air valve MD14, and then enters the left and right tunnel fans, and is then discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shafts.

[0021] The above control methods can achieve ventilation and smoke extraction in the platform public area and the station track area, thereby improving the ventilation and smoke extraction effect and enhancing the safety of station operation.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes an exhaust shaft and a smoke exhaust fan. The exhaust shaft is connected to the smoke exhaust fan only through an exhaust pipe, and the smoke exhaust fan is connected to the station concourse public area only through an exhaust pipe. An electric air valve MD12 is installed between the station concourse public area and the smoke exhaust fan. When smoke needs to be vented from the public area of ​​the station hall, the smoke exhaust fan and the electric air valve MD12 are turned on. The smoke from the public area of ​​the station hall passes through the electric air valve MD12 and the smoke exhaust fan in sequence, and is then discharged outside the station through the ventilation shaft.

[0023] The above control methods can achieve smoke exhaust in the station hall and ensure the safety of station operations.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation. Because a track area smoke extraction and ventilation system is installed, it can be used to ventilate and exchange air in the station's track area, and also to achieve smoke extraction from the track area. A two-way electric damper assembly is installed above the platform door between the station's track area and the enclosed platform public area, enabling bidirectional communication between the platform public area and the station's track area. By opening several two-way electric dampers MD14, smoke from the platform public area can be exhausted to the track area, thus utilizing the track area smoke extraction and ventilation system for smoke extraction. Furthermore, by opening several two-way electric dampers MD14 in conjunction with the track area smoke extraction and ventilation system, ventilation and air exchange between the station's track area and the platform public area can be achieved. And when the platform public area requires ventilation and... When the train is running in the tunnel section, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened. The positive pressure generated when the train enters the station track area forces the air in the track area into the platform public area. The negative pressure generated when the train leaves the station track area draws the air in the platform public area into the station track area, thus achieving ventilation and air exchange in the platform public area. Its ventilation capacity is stronger. Under the condition of meeting the ventilation needs of the station track area, the train stopping platform in case of fire, and the smoke exhaust needs of the platform public area in case of fire, the station track heat exhaust system (including track heat exhaust fan and track top heat exhaust duct) and the smoke exhaust duct set in the platform public area are eliminated. It integrates resources, reduces equipment investment and civil engineering requirements, effectively reduces project investment and operation and maintenance costs, and achieves dual optimization of construction costs and operational safety, with significant economic benefits throughout the entire life cycle.

[0025] 2. This invention provides a control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation, which can improve ventilation and smoke exhaust effects, making the station more comfortable and safe. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a station ventilation and smoke extraction system (dual piston) for trackless heat dissipation; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a station ventilation and smoke extraction system for trackless heat dissipation (single piston); Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the airflow direction for ventilation in the station's track area. Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the airflow direction of smoke extraction during a train fire in the left-line tunnel (downward track). Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the airflow direction for smoke extraction during a train fire in the right-line tunnel (upbound line). Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the airflow direction for smoke extraction in the public area of ​​the platform during a fire.

[0027] Marked in the diagram: 1. Piston ventilation shaft; 2. Exhaust ventilation shaft; 3. Platform public area; 4. Left tunnel; 5. Right tunnel; 6. Left tunnel fan; 7. Right tunnel fan; 9. Tunnel ventilation opening; 10. Smoke exhaust fan; 11. First main ventilation duct; 12. Second main ventilation duct; 13. First branch ventilation duct; 14. Second branch ventilation duct; 15. Third branch ventilation duct; 16. First end; 17. Second end. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0030] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0031] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0032] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0033] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0034] Example 1 A station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a smoke exhaust ventilation system for the track area and a two-way electric air valve assembly.

[0035] The track area smoke exhaust ventilation system is installed on both sides of the enclosed platform public area 3 along the track area of ​​the station. The track area smoke exhaust ventilation system can supply air into the track area of ​​the station and exhaust smoke away from the track area of ​​the station. In an optional embodiment, the track area smoke exhaust ventilation system includes a piston ventilation shaft 1, a tunnel fan, and a tunnel ventilation opening 9. The piston ventilation shaft 1 is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening 9 located inside the tunnel via a main ventilation duct. The two openings of the tunnel fan are respectively connected to the main ventilation duct via a first end 16 and a second end 17 of a branch ventilation duct. The first end 16 is close to the piston ventilation shaft 1, and the second end 17 is close to the tunnel ventilation opening 9. Two-way electric dampers are provided between the tunnel fan and the second end 17, between the first end 16 and the second end 17 of the main ventilation duct, and between the second end 17 and the tunnel ventilation opening 9 of the main ventilation duct. Using the above-described track area smoke exhaust ventilation system, ventilation in the station track area can be controlled, such as... Figure 3 As shown; it can achieve smoke extraction in the track area, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown. In an optional embodiment, the tunnel ventilation fan is a TVF fan, which is an axial flow fan, resulting in better ventilation and smoke extraction.

[0036] Further, optional, such as Figure 1 or Figure 2As shown, the station's track area includes the left-line tunnel 4 and the right-line tunnel 5. The platform public area 3 is located between the track areas of the left-line tunnel 4 and the right-line tunnel 5. The smoke exhaust and ventilation system of the track area is either a double-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system or a single-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system. The double-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system has better smoke exhaust and ventilation effects.

[0037] When the smoke exhaust ventilation system in the track area is a dual-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system, such as Figure 1 As shown, the smoke exhaust and ventilation system of the track area on each side includes two piston ventilation shafts 1, two tunnel fans and two tunnel ventilation openings 9. The two tunnel fans are the left tunnel fan 6 and the right tunnel fan 7, respectively, and the two tunnel ventilation openings 9 are respectively located in the left tunnel 4 and the right tunnel 5. One of the piston ventilation shafts 1 is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the right tunnel 5 through the first main ventilation duct 11. The two air outlets of the right tunnel fan 7 are connected to the first main ventilation duct 11 through the first end 16 and the second end 17 of the first branch ventilation duct 13, respectively. The first end 16 and the second end 17 of the first branch ventilation duct 13 are respectively close to the piston ventilation shaft 1 and the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the right tunnel 5. A bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is installed between the first end 16 and the second end 17 of the first branch ventilation duct 13 in the first main ventilation duct 11. A bidirectional electric air valve MD02 is installed between the right tunnel fan 7 and the second end 17 of the first branch ventilation duct 13. A bidirectional electric air valve MD04 is installed between the second end 17 of the first ventilation duct 13 and the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the right tunnel 5. Another piston ventilation shaft 1 is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the left tunnel 4 through the second main ventilation duct 12. The two air outlets of the left tunnel fan 6 are connected to the second main ventilation duct 12 through the first end 16 and the second end 17 of the second branch ventilation duct 14, respectively. The first end 16 and the second end 17 of the second branch ventilation duct 14 are respectively close to the piston ventilation shaft 1 and the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the left tunnel 4. A bidirectional electric air valve MD05 is installed between the first end 16 and the second end 17 of the second branch ventilation duct 14 in the second main ventilation duct 12. A bidirectional electric air valve MD01 is installed between the left tunnel fan 6 and the second end 17 of the second branch ventilation duct 14. A bidirectional electric air valve MD03 is installed between the second end 17 of the second ventilation duct 14 and the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the left tunnel 4. The first ventilation duct 13 and the second ventilation duct 14 are connected through the third ventilation duct 15. The third ventilation duct 15 is equipped with a bidirectional electric air valve MD00, which is located between the bidirectional electric air valve MD02 and the bidirectional electric air valve MD01.

[0038] The aforementioned smoke exhaust and ventilation system in the track area includes two piston ventilation shafts 1, which is a dual-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system, resulting in better smoke exhaust and ventilation effects.

[0039] When the smoke exhaust ventilation system in the track area is a single-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system, such as Figure 2 As shown, the smoke exhaust and ventilation system of the track area on each side includes a piston ventilation shaft 1, two tunnel fans and two tunnel ventilation openings 9. The two tunnel fans are the left tunnel fan 6 and the right tunnel fan 7, respectively, and the two tunnel ventilation openings 9 are respectively located in the left tunnel 4 and the right tunnel 5. Piston ventilation shaft 1 is connected to tunnel ventilation opening 9 in right tunnel 5 through first main ventilation duct 11. Tunnel ventilation opening 9 in left tunnel 4 is connected to first main ventilation duct 11 through second main ventilation duct 12. The two air outlets of right tunnel fan 7 are connected to first main ventilation duct 11 and second main ventilation duct 12 through first end 16 and second end 17 of first branch ventilation duct 13, respectively. The first end 16 and second end 17 of first branch ventilation duct 13 are close to piston ventilation shaft 1 and tunnel ventilation opening 9 in right tunnel 5. The two air outlets of left tunnel fan 6 are connected to first end 16 and second end 17 of first ventilation duct 13 through first end 16 and second end 17 of second branch ventilation duct 14, respectively. The first end 16 and second end 17 of second branch ventilation duct 14 are close to piston ventilation shaft 1 and tunnel ventilation opening 9 in left tunnel 4. A bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is installed between the first end 16 and the second end 17 of the first branch ventilation duct 13 in the first main ventilation duct 11; a bidirectional electric air valve MD02 is installed between the right tunnel fan 7 and the second end 17 of the first branch ventilation duct 13; and a bidirectional electric air valve MD04 is installed between the second end 17 of the first branch ventilation duct 13 and the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the right tunnel 5. A bidirectional electric air valve MD01 is installed between the left tunnel fan 6 and the second end 17 of the second ventilation duct 14, and a bidirectional electric air valve MD03 is installed between the second end 17 of the second ventilation duct 14 and the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the left tunnel 4.

[0040] Based on the type of station tunnel ventilation system, the track area smoke exhaust ventilation system is divided into double-piston and single-piston systems to meet the operational requirements of station track area ventilation, station track area smoke exhaust when trains stop at the station during a fire, and smoke exhaust in the platform public area 3 during a fire. The station track area is defined by the tunnel ventilation openings 9 at both ends of the station; the tunnel within the boundary is the station track area, and the tunnel outside the boundary is the section track area.

[0041] In this embodiment, the bidirectional electric damper assembly includes several bidirectional electric dampers MD14. The bidirectional electric dampers MD14 are located above the platform door between the station track area and the enclosed platform public area 3. The bidirectional electric dampers MD14 can bidirectionally connect the station track area and the platform public area 3. A high-temperature resistant electric damper assembly is added to the upper suspension beam of the platform door. The number and size of the damper assembly are determined based on the air volume of the tunnel ventilation fan, the effective platform length, and the characteristics of the train formation. For example, in a rail transit station with a 4-car A-type metro train formation, the number of dampers on the suspension beam of the platform door corresponding to the left and right tracks within the effective platform area is 4 each, to meet the smoke exhaust requirements of the platform public area 3. In this case, the platform public area 3 does not require a separate smoke exhaust system or smoke exhaust duct. Figures 1-6 As shown.

[0042] The ventilation of the station track area utilizes the piston wind generated by the train running in the tunnel, which is transmitted through piston ventilation shaft 1 (channel) to achieve ventilation and air exchange between the station track area and the outside of the station. In special circumstances such as the train stopping due to an accident, the tunnel fans at both ends of the station can be turned on to exhaust (suppli) air to the outside of the station (station track area) through piston ventilation shaft 1 (channel) to ensure that the temperature of the station track area does not exceed the relevant requirements of the specifications. When the train stops at the platform during a fire, the smoke is exhausted by turning on the tunnel ventilation fans (TVF fans) at both ends of the station. The smoke from the station track area is discharged to the outside of the station through the piston ventilation shaft 1 (channel). The smoke is replenished to the station track area from the station entrance and public area through the opened platform doors (train stopping side) and the high-temperature resistant electric air valve group above the platform doors (train stopping side). In the event of a fire in the public area 3 of the platform, the tunnel ventilation fans (TVF fans) at both ends of the station are turned on, and the bidirectional electric air valves MD14 installed on the top beam of the platform door are turned on simultaneously. The smoke is exhausted to the outside of the station through the piston ventilation shaft 1 (channel), and the air is supplied to the public area 3 of the platform from the station entrance and exit. At this time, the tunnel ventilation fans (TVF fans) are also used for smoke exhaust in the public area 3 of the platform, and the public area 3 of the platform does not need to be equipped with a separate smoke exhaust system and smoke exhaust duct.

[0043] The station ventilation and smoke extraction system based on trackless heat dissipation described in this embodiment, due to the inclusion of a track area smoke extraction and ventilation system, can utilize the track area smoke extraction and ventilation system to ventilate and exchange air in the station's track area, such as... Figure 3 As shown; and it can achieve smoke exhaust in the track area, such as Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown; a two-way electric damper assembly is installed above the platform door between the station track area and the enclosed platform public area 3, enabling bidirectional communication between the platform public area 3 and the station track area. By opening several two-way electric dampers MD14, smoke from the platform public area 3 can be exhausted to the track area, thus allowing for smoke extraction using the track area smoke exhaust ventilation system, such as... Figure 6As shown; and by opening several bidirectional electric air valves MD14, in conjunction with the track area smoke exhaust ventilation system, ventilation and air exchange can be achieved in the station track area and the platform public area 3; and when the platform public area 3 requires ventilation and the train is running in the station track area, the bidirectional electric air valves MD14 are opened, using the positive pressure generated when the train enters the station track area to force the air in the track area into the platform public area 3, and using the negative pressure generated when the train leaves the station track area to draw the air in the platform public area 3 into the station track area, thus achieving ventilation and air exchange in the platform public area 3. Its ventilation capacity is stronger, and it meets the requirements of Under the conditions of ventilation in the station track area, train fire stopping platform, and smoke exhaust in the public area 3 of the platform, the station track heat exhaust system (including track heat exhaust fan and track top heat exhaust duct) and the smoke exhaust duct (including auxiliary smoke exhaust duct, etc.) set in the public area 3 of the platform are cancelled. That is, the track exhaust fan (U / O fan) and the electric air valve branch connected to the track exhaust fan of the traditional track heat exhaust system are cancelled, and the electric air valve branch of the traditional smoke exhaust in the public area 3 of the platform is cancelled. At this time, the area of ​​the exhaust shaft 2 can be reduced, and the smoke exhaust fan 10 and the air valve branch MD12 of the public area of ​​the station hall can be connected to the exhaust shaft 2.

[0044] It integrates resources, reduces equipment investment and civil engineering requirements, effectively lowers project investment and operation and maintenance costs, and achieves dual optimization of construction costs and operational safety, resulting in significant economic benefits throughout the entire life cycle.

[0045] In an optional implementation, the station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation also includes an exhaust shaft 2 and a smoke exhaust fan 10. The exhaust shaft 2 is connected to the smoke exhaust fan 10 only through an exhaust pipe, and the smoke exhaust fan 10 is connected to the station concourse public area only through an exhaust pipe. An electric air valve MD12 is installed between the station concourse public area and the smoke exhaust fan 10 to achieve smoke exhaust in the concourse and ensure the safety of the concourse.

[0046] Example 2 This embodiment provides a control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation. The control of the trackless heat dissipation system described in Embodiment 1 includes the following control methods: When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is running in the station track area, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is closed, and the piston wind generated by the train operation is used to control the exhaust ventilation system of the track area to achieve ventilation and air exchange between the station track area and the outside of the station. When ventilation is required in the station's track area and trains are stopped while passengers are waiting, the bidirectional electric damper MD14 closes, controlling the track area's smoke exhaust ventilation system to either exhaust or supply air to the station's track area, thus achieving mechanical ventilation in the station's track area. Figure 3 As shown; When a train stops at a station due to a fire and smoke needs to be ventilated from the track area, the MD14 bidirectional electric air valve on the side of the station where the train is stopped is opened to control the smoke exhaust ventilation system and ventilate the track area. Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown; When a fire occurs in the public area 3 of the platform and smoke extraction is required, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened to supply air from the station entrance to the public area 3 of the platform, controlling the exhaust ventilation system of the station's track area to achieve smoke extraction from the track area. Figure 6 As shown; When the platform public area 3 requires ventilation and the train is running in the station track area, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened. The positive pressure generated when the train enters the station track area forces the air in the track area into the platform public area 3, and the negative pressure generated when the train leaves the station track area draws the air in the platform public area 3 into the station track area, thus achieving ventilation of the platform public area 3.

[0047] In an optional implementation, when the platform public area 3 requires ventilation and the train is running in the station track area, the system also includes controlling the track area smoke exhaust ventilation system to exhaust or supply air to the station track area, thereby achieving mechanical ventilation in the station track area and providing ventilation for the platform public area 3.

[0048] In an optional implementation, when smoke needs to be vented from the public area of ​​the station hall, the smoke exhaust fan 10 and the electric air valve MD12 are turned on. The smoke from the public area of ​​the station hall passes through the electric air valve MD12 and the smoke exhaust fan 10 in sequence, and is then discharged outside the station through the exhaust shaft 2, which can realize the smoke exhaust of the station hall and ensure the safety of station operation.

[0049] The above-mentioned control method for station ventilation and smoke exhaust systems based on trackless heat dissipation can improve ventilation and smoke exhaust effects, making the station more comfortable and safer under ventilation conditions.

[0050] Taking a station track area comprising a left-line tunnel 4 and a right-line tunnel 5, with the platform public area 3 located between the track areas of the left-line tunnel 4 and the right-line tunnel 5, and the track area smoke exhaust ventilation system including two piston ventilation shafts 1 (a dual-piston composite tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust system) as an example, this paper provides a control method for station smoke exhaust ventilation, for reference. Figures 3-6 : When the station track area requires ventilation and the train is running in the station track area: When the bidirectional electric air valves MD03-MD06 are open and the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is closed, the piston air generated by the train operation will pass through the second main ventilation duct in the left tunnel 4, and then sequentially through the tunnel ventilation opening 9, the bidirectional electric air valve MD03, the bidirectional electric air valve MD05 and the corresponding piston air shaft 1 in the left tunnel 4, thus achieving ventilation between the track area of ​​the left tunnel 4 and the outside of the station; when the piston air generated by the train operation passes through the first main ventilation duct in the right tunnel 5, it will pass through the tunnel ventilation opening 9, the bidirectional electric air valve MD04, the bidirectional electric air valve MD06 and the corresponding piston air shaft 1 in the right tunnel 5, thus achieving ventilation between the track area of ​​the right tunnel 5 and the outside of the station. When the station track area requires ventilation and the train is stopped while passengers are waiting: like Figure 3 As shown, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 in the station track area is closed, the bidirectional electric air valve MD01 and the left tunnel fan 6 are opened simultaneously in the left tunnel 4, the bidirectional electric air valve MD05 is closed, the bidirectional electric air valve MD02 and the right tunnel fan 7 are opened simultaneously in the right tunnel 5, and the bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is closed. Air is exhausted or supplied to the station track area through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft 1 to achieve mechanical ventilation in the station track area. When a train catches fire and stops at a station, requiring smoke extraction from the station's track area: When venting smoke from the track area of ​​the station corresponding to tunnel 4 on the left line, such as Figure 4 As shown, turn on the left-line tunnel fan 6 and the right-line tunnel fan 7, open the bidirectional electric air valves MD00-MD03, close the bidirectional electric air valves MD04-MD06, and open the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 in the track area of ​​the station on the train stopping side. At this time, the smoke enters the left-line tunnel fan 6 and the right-line tunnel fan 7 from the track area of ​​the station where the left-line tunnel 4 is located through the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the left-line tunnel 4, and then is discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft 1; when exhausting smoke from the track area of ​​the station corresponding to the right-line tunnel 5, as follows... Figure 5 As shown, turn on the left tunnel fan 6 and the right tunnel fan 7, turn on the bidirectional electric air valves MD00~MD02 and MD04, turn off the bidirectional electric air valves MD03 and MD05~MD06, and turn on the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 in the track area of ​​the station on the train stopping side. At this time, the flue gas enters the left tunnel fan 6 and the right tunnel fan 7 from the track area of ​​the station where the right tunnel 5 is located through the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the right tunnel 5, and then is discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft 1. When a fire occurs in public area 3 of the platform and smoke ventilation is required, such as Figure 6As shown, the left tunnel fan 6 and the right tunnel fan 7 are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD00~MD04 and MD14 are turned on, and the bidirectional electric air valves MD05~MD06 are turned off. At this time, the smoke from the public area 3 of the platform enters the tunnel ventilation opening 9 in the left tunnel 4 and right tunnel 5 through the station track area of ​​the bidirectional electric air valve MD14, and then enters the left tunnel fan 6 and the right tunnel fan 7, and is discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft 1.

[0051] The above control methods can achieve ventilation and smoke extraction in the platform public area 3 and the station track area, thereby improving the ventilation and smoke extraction effect and enhancing the station's operational safety.

[0052] This invention innovatively proposes a station ventilation and smoke extraction technology innovation scheme based on trackless heat dissipation. CFD simulation verification shows that this system and control method can effectively improve the smoke extraction and ventilation efficiency of the station's track area and platform public area. Simultaneously, by constructing a novel ventilation and smoke extraction technology system that does not rely on trackless heat dissipation, the station length can be shortened by ≥2m, the station floor height reduced by ≥0.5m, and the initial construction investment saved by ≥2.3 million RMB per underground station, achieving dual optimization of construction cost and operational safety, and demonstrating significant economic benefits throughout the entire life cycle.

[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation, characterized in that, Control of a trackless heat dissipation-based station ventilation and smoke extraction system, which includes a track area smoke extraction and ventilation system and a two-way electric damper assembly. The track area smoke exhaust ventilation system is installed on both sides of the enclosed platform public area (3) along the track area of ​​the station. The track area smoke exhaust ventilation system can supply air into the track area of ​​the station and exhaust smoke away from the track area of ​​the station. The bidirectional electric air valve group includes several bidirectional electric air valves MD14. The bidirectional electric air valves MD14 are located above the platform door top beam between the station track area and the enclosed platform public area (3). The bidirectional electric air valves MD14 can connect the station track area and the platform public area (3) in both directions. The track area smoke exhaust ventilation system includes a piston ventilation shaft (1), a tunnel fan, and a tunnel ventilation opening (9). The piston ventilation shaft (1) is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening (9) located in the tunnel through a main ventilation duct. The two air outlets of the tunnel fan are connected to the main ventilation duct through the first end and the second end of a branch ventilation duct, respectively. The first end is close to the piston ventilation shaft (1), and the second end is close to the tunnel ventilation opening (9). A bidirectional electric air valve is provided between the tunnel fan and the second end, between the first end and the second end of the main ventilation duct, and between the second end and the tunnel ventilation opening (9) of the main ventilation duct. The control methods include the following control approaches: When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is running in the tunnel section, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is closed, and the piston wind generated by the train operation is used to control the exhaust ventilation system of the track area to achieve ventilation and air exchange between the station track area and the outside of the station. When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is stopped to wait for passengers, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 closes, controlling the smoke exhaust ventilation system in the track area to exhaust or supply air to the station track area, thereby achieving mechanical ventilation in the station track area. When a train stops at a station due to a fire and smoke needs to be ventilated from the station's track area, the MD14 bidirectional electric air valve on the side where the train is stopped is opened to control the smoke exhaust ventilation system in the track area and achieve smoke exhaust from the station's track area. When a fire occurs in the public area of ​​the platform (3) and smoke needs to be exhausted, open the two-way electric air valve MD14 to supply air from the station entrance to the public area of ​​the station platform (3) and control the exhaust ventilation system of the station track area to exhaust smoke to the public area of ​​the platform. When the platform public area (3) needs ventilation and the train is running in the tunnel, the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is opened. The positive pressure generated when the train enters the station track area is used to force the air in the track area into the platform public area (3). The negative pressure generated when the train leaves the station track area is used to draw the air in the platform public area (3) into the station track area, thus achieving ventilation of the platform public area (3).

2. The control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is running in the tunnel section, it also includes controlling the smoke exhaust ventilation system of the track area to exhaust or supply air to the station track area to achieve mechanical ventilation and air exchange in the station track area.

3. The control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The station track area includes the left tunnel (4) and the right tunnel (5), and the platform public area (3) is located between the track area of ​​the left tunnel (4) and the track area of ​​the right tunnel (5); The smoke exhaust ventilation system of each track area includes two piston ventilation shafts (1), two tunnel fans and two tunnel ventilation openings (9). The two tunnel fans are the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7), and the two tunnel ventilation openings (9) are respectively located in the left tunnel (4) and the right tunnel (5). One of the piston ventilation shafts (1) is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the right tunnel (5) through the first main ventilation duct (11). The two air outlets of the right tunnel fan (7) are connected to the first main ventilation duct (11) through the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13). The first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13) are close to the piston ventilation shaft (1) and the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the right tunnel (5). A bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is installed between the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13) in the first main ventilation duct (11). A bidirectional electric air valve MD02 is installed between the right tunnel fan (7) and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13). A bidirectional electric air valve MD04 is installed between the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13) and the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the right tunnel (5). Another piston ventilation shaft (1) is connected to the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the left tunnel (4) through the second main ventilation duct (12). The two air outlets of the left tunnel fan (6) are connected to the second main ventilation duct (12) through the first end and the second end of the second branch ventilation duct (14). The first end and the second end of the second branch ventilation duct (14) are close to the piston ventilation shaft (1) and the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the left tunnel (4). The second main ventilation duct (12) is equipped with a bidirectional electric air valve MD05 between the first end and the second end of the second branch ventilation duct (14). The left tunnel fan (6) is equipped with a bidirectional electric air valve MD01 between the second end of the second branch ventilation duct (14). The second end of the second branch ventilation duct (14) is equipped with a bidirectional electric air valve MD03 between the second end of the second branch ventilation duct (14) and the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the left tunnel (4). The first ventilation duct (13) and the second ventilation duct (14) are connected through the third ventilation duct (15). The third ventilation duct (15) is equipped with a two-way electric air valve MD00, which is located between the two-way electric air valve MD02 and the two-way electric air valve MD01. When ventilation is required in the station track area and the train is running in the tunnel section: When the bidirectional electric air valves MD03 to MD06 are opened and the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 is closed, the piston air generated by the train operation will pass through the second main ventilation duct in the left tunnel (4), and then pass through the tunnel ventilation opening (9), bidirectional electric air valve MD03, bidirectional electric air valve MD05 and the corresponding piston air shaft (1) in the left tunnel (4) in sequence, so as to realize the ventilation and air exchange between the track area of ​​the left tunnel (4) and the outside of the station; when the train operation generates piston air, it will pass through the first main ventilation duct in the right tunnel (5), and then pass through the tunnel ventilation opening (9), bidirectional electric air valve MD04, bidirectional electric air valve MD06 and the corresponding piston air shaft (1) in the right tunnel (5) in sequence, so as to realize the ventilation and air exchange between the track area of ​​the right tunnel (5) and the outside of the station. When the station track area requires ventilation and the train is stopped while passengers are waiting: Close the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 in the station track area, simultaneously open the bidirectional electric air valve MD01 and the left tunnel fan (6) in the left tunnel (4), close the bidirectional electric air valve MD05, simultaneously open the bidirectional electric air valve MD02 and the right tunnel fan (7) in the right tunnel (5), close the bidirectional electric air valve MD06, and exhaust or supply air to the station track area through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft (1) to achieve mechanical ventilation in the station track area; When a train catches fire and stops at a station, requiring smoke extraction from the station's track area: When exhausting smoke from the track area of ​​the station corresponding to the left tunnel (4), the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7) are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD00 to MD03 are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD04 to MD06 are turned off, and the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 of the track area of ​​the station on the train stopping side is turned on. At this time, the smoke enters the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7) from the track area of ​​the station where the left tunnel (4) is located through the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the left tunnel (4), and then is discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft (1); for the right tunnel ( 5) When exhausting smoke from the corresponding station track area, turn on the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7), turn on the bidirectional electric air valves MD00~MD02 and MD04, turn off the bidirectional electric air valves MD03 and MD05~MD06, and turn on the bidirectional electric air valve MD14 of the track area of ​​the station on the side where the train stops. At this time, the smoke enters the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7) from the track area of ​​the station where the right tunnel (5) is located through the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the right tunnel (5), and then is discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft (1). When a fire occurs in the public area of ​​the platform (3) and smoke needs to be ventilated, the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7) are turned on, the bidirectional electric air valves MD00~MD04 and MD14 are turned on, and the bidirectional electric air valves MD05~MD06 are turned off. At this time, the smoke from the public area of ​​the platform (3) enters the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the left tunnel (4) and the right tunnel (5) through the station track area of ​​the left tunnel (4) and the right tunnel (5) via the bidirectional electric air valve MD14, and then enters the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7), and is then discharged to the outside of the station through the corresponding piston ventilation shaft (1).

4. A control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes an exhaust shaft (2) and a smoke exhaust fan (10). The exhaust shaft (2) is connected to the smoke exhaust fan (10) only through an exhaust pipe. The smoke exhaust fan (10) is connected to the station hall public area only through an exhaust pipe. An electric air valve MD12 is installed between the station hall public area and the smoke exhaust fan (10). When the public area of ​​the station hall needs to be ventilated, the smoke exhaust fan (10) and the electric air valve MD12 are turned on. The smoke in the public area of ​​the station hall passes through the electric air valve MD12 and the smoke exhaust fan (10) in sequence, and is then discharged outside the station through the ventilation shaft (2).

5. The control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The station track area includes the left tunnel (4) and the right tunnel (5), and the platform public area (3) is located between the track area of ​​the left tunnel (4) and the track area of ​​the right tunnel (5); The smoke exhaust ventilation system of each track area includes a piston ventilation shaft (1), two tunnel fans and two tunnel ventilation openings (9). The two tunnel fans are the left tunnel fan (6) and the right tunnel fan (7), and the two tunnel ventilation openings (9) are respectively located in the left tunnel (4) and the right tunnel (5). Piston ventilation shaft (1) is connected to tunnel ventilation opening (9) in right tunnel (5) through first main ventilation duct (11). Tunnel ventilation opening (9) in left tunnel (4) is connected to first main ventilation duct (11) through second main ventilation duct (12). Two air outlets of right tunnel fan (7) are connected to first main ventilation duct (11) and second main ventilation duct (12) through first branch ventilation duct (13) respectively. First and second ends of first branch ventilation duct (13) are close to piston ventilation shaft (1) and tunnel ventilation opening (9) in right tunnel (5). Two air outlets of left tunnel fan (6) are connected to first and second ends of first branch ventilation duct (13) through first and second ends of second branch ventilation duct (14) respectively. First and second ends of second branch ventilation duct (14) are close to piston ventilation shaft (1) and tunnel ventilation opening (9) in left tunnel (4). A bidirectional electric air valve MD06 is installed between the first end and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13) in the first main ventilation duct (11), a bidirectional electric air valve MD02 is installed between the right tunnel fan (7) and the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13), and a bidirectional electric air valve MD04 is installed between the second end of the first branch ventilation duct (13) and the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the right tunnel (5). A bidirectional electric air valve MD01 is installed between the left tunnel fan (6) and the second end of the second ventilation duct (14), and a bidirectional electric air valve MD03 is installed between the second end of the second ventilation duct (14) and the tunnel ventilation opening (9) in the left tunnel (4).

6. The control method for a station ventilation and smoke exhaust system based on trackless heat dissipation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel ventilation fan is a TVF fan.

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