Vertical shaft multi-layer wind wheel variable blade high-efficiency wind power engine

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical shaft multi-layer wind wheel variable wind blade high-efficiency wind power engine, which comprises a main shaft support, a wind wheel structure and a speed stabilizing device, wherein the main shaft support extends along the up-down direction; the wind wheel structure comprises a transmission support rotatably installed on the main shaft support and a multi-layer wind wheel installed on the transmission support; the wind wheel comprises a plurality of large wind blade frames, small wind blade vertical shafts installed on the large wind blade frames and small wind blades rotatable around the small wind blade vertical shafts; the transmission support is provided with a transmission structure which rotates with the transmission support around the main shaft support; the speed stabilizing device is installed on the wind wheel structure and comprises a speed stabilizing arm for controlling the rotating angle of the small wind blades; the speed stabilizing device has the functions of wind wheel speed stabilization, automatic protection in strong wind and automatic recovery to normal after the strong wind is weakened. The wind power engine does not need a windward device, the power generation equipment is installed on the ground or a lower position, the installation and maintenance are convenient, the vertical shaft wind power engine has high efficiency, large-scale grid-connected power generation becomes a reality, and the application has unique advantages in developing low-wind-speed wind energy resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power generation equipment, and in particular to a high-efficiency wind turbine with vertical shaft multi-layer wind turbine and variable blades. Background Technology

[0002] Wind energy is a clean and renewable energy source provided by nature, and its development and utilization are of great strategic significance for achieving my country's carbon peaking, carbon neutrality, and "dual carbon" goals. Among various forms of wind energy utilization, wind power generation is the mainstream direction. Its core lies in the efficiency of the wind turbine (wind wheel), which converts wind energy into mechanical energy, and directly determines the overall efficiency of the entire power generation system.

[0003] However, in the field of wind power generation, vertical axis wind turbines have consistently failed to achieve large-scale commercial application compared to horizontal axis wind turbines, especially in large-scale grid-connected power generation projects. The fundamental bottleneck lies in the low wind energy conversion efficiency: the blades of lift-type vertical axis turbines only effectively perform work within a certain rotation arc; while traditional drag-type (such as sail-type) vertical axis wind turbines, although they can obtain greater forward thrust, also have extremely significant drag in the headwind return zone. Due to the similar force-bearing areas in both directions, the net thrust difference is small, making it difficult to improve overall efficiency.

[0004] Currently, an innovative "vertical axis speed-stabilized self-protecting wind turbine and vertical axis wind engine" (patent number CN202220027740.4) has been proposed. By adopting a variable movable blade structure, it successfully achieves the effect of closing the blades in the downwind area to increase thrust and opening the blades in the upwind area to minimize reverse resistance, which significantly improves the wind energy utilization efficiency of the vertical axis wind turbine and becomes an important breakthrough in this field.

[0005] However, in the process of moving towards large-scale and high-power applications, the existing technology still exposes the following two major technical defects, which restrict its further development: (1) Insufficient rigidity and high cost of the support structure: The wind turbine uses a fixed frame to support the main shaft. When a multi-layer wind turbine structure is adopted to increase power, the span of the layer plate (spoke plate) connecting the blade frame and the main shaft is extremely large, but there is no support in the middle. This large-span, cantilever structure is prone to deformation under long-term strong wind load, which not only destroys the dynamic balance of the wind turbine and affects the stability and life of operation, but also restricts the expansion of the wind turbine size. In order to ensure structural strength, it is necessary to use heavier or more expensive materials and processes, resulting in a significant increase in manufacturing costs. (2) Lack of bidirectional limiting mechanism for small blades: The speed stabilization device of this technology is only set on the side (inner side) of the small blade facing the main shaft to limit its opening angle in the downwind area. However, when the blade rotates to the upwind area, the wind will push the small blade from the outside, which poses a risk of causing it to reverse unexpectedly. This reversal disrupts the aerodynamic shape of the design, increases rotational drag in the upwind region, and thus reduces overall efficiency. Existing structures lack an effective reverse-limiting mechanism to prevent this problem.

[0006] Therefore, a technical solution to the above problems is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency wind turbine with vertical axis multi-layer wind turbine and variable blades to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0008] To achieve its objective, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0009] Vertical-axis multi-layer wind turbine with variable blades and high-efficiency wind power, including:

[0010] The main spindle bracket extends vertically and is mounted on a ground base.

[0011] The wind turbine structure includes a rotatable transmission frame mounted on a main shaft frame and a multi-layer wind turbine mounted on the transmission frame. The wind turbine includes multiple large wind blade frames fixed around the transmission frame, small wind blade vertical shafts mounted on the large wind blade frames, and small wind blades that can rotate around the small wind blade vertical shafts. The large wind blade frames between adjacent layers of the wind turbine are staggered to make the wind turbine structure easy to start and rotate smoothly. The transmission frame is provided with a transmission structure that rotates around the main shaft frame with the transmission frame.

[0012] A speed stabilizing device is installed on the wind turbine structure, including a small speed stabilizing wheel installed on the small wind blade and a speed stabilizing arm installed on the large wind blade frame.

[0013] In some embodiments, when the small blade is mounted on the large blade frame via the small blade vertical axis, the small blade vertical axis does not coincide with the central axis in the width direction of the small blade. When the small blade rotates around the small blade vertical axis, the radius of rotation of the small blade around the small blade vertical axis is smaller than the width of the small blade, thereby reducing the sway, noise and reverse resistance of the small blade.

[0014] In some embodiments, each of the large wind vane frames is provided with one or more of the small wind vanes.

[0015] In some embodiments, the speed stabilizing device further includes a base, a speed stabilizing elastic element, an elastic sleeve, and a gear assembly. The speed stabilizing elastic element, the elastic sleeve, and the gear assembly are all installed inside the base. The elastic sleeve is fitted onto the speed stabilizing elastic element. The gear assembly includes a gear rotatably installed inside the base and a gear rod fixedly connected to the gear. The elastic sleeve meshes with the gear of the gear assembly. The gear rod extends out of the base and connects to the speed stabilizing arm.

[0016] In some embodiments, the other end of the speed stabilizing arm of the speed stabilizing device, which is not connected to the gear rod, is provided with three speed stabilizing positions: normal stop, speed stabilizing stop, and maximum stop.

[0017] When the small fan blade is in contact with the normal stop position of the speed stabilizing arm, the wind turbine structure is in normal working condition.

[0018] When the small fan blade abuts against the speed stabilizing stop position of the speed stabilizing arm, the wind turbine structure is in a stable speed working state.

[0019] When the small fan blade comes into contact with the highest stop position of the speed stabilizing arm, the wind turbine structure is in an automatic protection state.

[0020] In some embodiments, the base is further provided with a buffer solution, which soaks the speed-stabilizing elastic element, elastic sleeve and gear in the base. The buffer solution reduces vibration and noise as the speed-stabilizing elastic element moves.

[0021] In some embodiments, a limiting stop is also included to limit the rotation of the small fan blade.

[0022] In some embodiments, the limiting stop includes an elastically retractable limiting member, the limiting member having two inclined surfaces with different inclinations at the top;

[0023] The small fan blade rotates and abuts against the inclined surface with a relatively low inclination. The small fan blade presses down the limiting member, but the limiting member does not limit the small fan blade, and the small fan blade rotates normally.

[0024] The small fan blade rotates and abuts against the inclined surface with a high inclination, and the limiting member blocks the rotation of the small fan blade, thus limiting the small fan blade.

[0025] In some embodiments, the limiting resistor is mounted on the large fan blade frame. The limiting resistor further includes a limiting base and a limiting elastic member. The limiting resistor is rotatably mounted on the limiting base, and the limiting elastic member is disposed between the limiting resistor and the limiting base, so that the limiting resistor can elastically rotate relative to the limiting base.

[0026] In some embodiments, the limiting elastic element is one of a compression spring, torsion spring, tension spring, disc spring, elastic plastic, or pneumatic elastic element.

[0027] In some embodiments, the spindle frame is made of one of metal, high-strength cement, fiberglass, carbon fiber, or high-strength synthetic materials.

[0028] In some embodiments, both the large fan blade frame and the small fan blade are made of metal or high-strength, fatigue-resistant, aging-resistant, low-noise, corrosion-resistant, or high- and low-temperature-resistant polymer plastics.

[0029] This invention not only solves the problem of excessive oscillation of the small blades causing reverse drag in existing wind turbines by shifting the vertical axis of the small blades to an appropriate position, thus reducing the oscillation of the small blades and consequently reducing reverse drag, thereby improving the wind turbine's efficiency, but also completely changes the past large-span structure where the layer plate was cantilevered at only one end to multiple main shaft frames by setting a rotatable transmission frame on the main shaft frame to provide reliable intermediate support for connecting the large blade frame. This design greatly enhances the structural rigidity and deformation resistance of the entire wind turbine body, ensuring the dynamic balance and operational stability of the wind turbine under high-speed rotation and strong wind loads, and laying a solid structural foundation for manufacturing high-power, large-scale vertical shaft wind turbines.

[0030] This invention eliminates the need for the original layered structure due to the intermediate support of the transmission frame, thus avoiding the use of excessively heavy or expensive materials to ensure strength. This allows for the selection of lighter and more economical materials while maintaining the same or even higher structural strength, effectively reducing raw material and manufacturing costs and enhancing the product's market competitiveness.

[0031] This invention achieves bidirectional limitation of the rotation range of the small blades by using a limiting resistor on the outer side of the large blade frame, which works in conjunction with a speed stabilizing device on the inner side. This limiting resistor effectively prevents the small blades from unexpectedly over-opening in the reverse direction in the upwind area, ensuring they always maintain their optimal aerodynamic posture. This minimizes rotational resistance in the upwind area and guarantees that the small blades can automatically open 360° for protection during extremely strong winds and automatically resume normal operation after the wind subsides. This, combined with the speed stabilizing device in the downwind area ensuring maximum thrust, optimizes the force on the wind turbine from both directions, thereby further improving the overall wind energy conversion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical-axis multi-layer wind turbine variable blade high-efficiency wind engine of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2This is a partial structural diagram of the bottom of the high-efficiency wind turbine with variable blades and vertical multi-layer wind turbine of the present invention, which is used in conjunction with the power generation equipment.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the small fan blade, the small fan blade vertical shaft, the speed stabilizing device and the limiting resistor of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the speed stabilization device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stabilizing arm and the small speed-stabilizing wheel of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the limiting resistor of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting resistor of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the small fan blade and speed stabilizing arm of the present invention at rated and below wind speeds;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the small fan blade and speed stabilizing arm of the present invention in a stable speed state in the downwind zone when the rated wind speed is exceeded;

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic protection state of the small fan blade and speed stabilizing arm of the present invention when encountering extremely strong winds (such as typhoons);

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine structure of the present invention in operation at rated and below wind speeds;

[0044] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine structure of the present invention in a steady-speed state when encountering wind speeds exceeding the rated speed;

[0045] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic protection state of the wind turbine structure of the present invention when encountering extremely strong winds (such as typhoons).

[0046] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind turbine of the present invention, which is limited when facing reverse wind.

[0047] In the diagram: 100, main shaft frame; 200, wind turbine structure; 210, transmission frame; 211, transmission gear; 220, large wind blade frame; 230, small wind blade vertical shaft; 240, small wind blade; 300, speed stabilizing device; 310, base; 320, speed stabilizing elastic element; 330, elastic sleeve; 340, gear assembly; 341, gear; 342, gear rod; 350, speed stabilizing arm; 351, normal stop position; 352, speed stabilizing stop position; 353, highest stop position; 354, square hole; 360, small wind blade speed stabilizing wheel; 370, buffer solution; 400, limiting resistor; 410, limiting base; 420, limiting elastic element; 430, limiting element; 431, inclined plane; 500, power generation equipment; 510, follower gear; 600, bearing assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0050] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "fixation," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between the components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0052] In the above description, the terms "one embodiment," "some implementations," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0053] See Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a high-efficiency wind turbine with variable blades and a vertical axis multi-layer wind turbine according to the present invention.

[0054] See Figures 1 to 14 A high-efficiency vertical-axis multi-layer wind turbine with variable blades includes a main shaft frame 100, a wind turbine structure 200, and a speed stabilizing device 300. The wind turbine structure 200 includes a transmission frame 210 and multi-layer wind turbines mounted on the transmission frame 210. The transmission frame 210 is mounted on the main shaft frame 100 and can rotate 360° around the main shaft frame 100, allowing the wind turbine structure 200 to rotate under wind force. The wind turbine structure 200 transfers the mechanical energy converted from wind energy to the power generation equipment 500 for power generation through the transmission frame 210 and the wind turbines. By mounting the transmission frame 210 on the main shaft frame 100 for rotation, this invention allows for a lighter wind turbine structure 200, solving the problem of large span of traditional wind turbine layer frames. This enables the wind turbine structure to meet the requirements of large-scale operation and adapt to the high-power requirements of grid-connected wind power generation, making the vertical-axis wind turbine highly efficient and grid-connected power generation a reality.

[0055] Among them, see Figure 1The main shaft frame 100 can be a cylinder fixed on a ground base. The transmission frame 210 is a circular frame that can be fitted over the main shaft frame 100. The transmission frame 210 is rotatably mounted on the main shaft frame 100 and is supported by the bearing assembly 600. The wind turbine structure 200 is mounted on the transmission frame 210. A transmission device is also provided between the power generation equipment 500 and the wind turbine structure. The transmission device includes a transmission structure connected to the lower end of the transmission frame 210 that rotates around the main shaft frame 100 with the transmission frame 210 and a follower structure mounted on the power generation equipment 500. For example, the transmission structure is a transmission gear 211 set at the lower end of the transmission frame 210. The power generation equipment is equipped with a generator. The follower structure is a follower gear 510 set on the generator. The transmission gear 211 is connected to the follower gear 510 of the power generation equipment 500. When the wind turbine structure 200 is subjected to wind force, it drives the transmission frame 210 to rotate on the main shaft frame 100. The transmission gear 211 drives the generator in the power generation equipment room to generate electricity.

[0056] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the transmission frame 210 may also be other square, hexagonal prism or other structures that can be rotatably mounted on the main shaft frame 100, as long as they can be rotatably mounted on the main shaft frame 100 to facilitate the installation of the large fan blade frame. The transmission frame 210 may be provided with one or more sections on the main shaft frame 100, which is not limited here.

[0057] The wind turbine includes multiple large blade frames 220, which are circumferentially distributed around the transmission frame 210. Several small blade vertical shafts 230 and small blades 240 are distributed along the extension direction of each large blade frame 220. The small blade vertical shafts 230 are connected to the large blade frames 220, and the small blades 240 are rotatably connected to the small blade vertical shafts 230. The small blade vertical shafts 230 extend vertically, and the small blades 240 can rotate 360° around the small blade vertical shafts 230. The small blades 240 are connected to the large blade frames 220 via the rotatable small blade vertical shafts 230. Furthermore, the small blades 240 can be shaped like grooves with borders to increase wind thrust. During rotation, the small blades 240 can be parallel or nearly parallel to the large blade frames 220, at which point the small blades 240 on the large blade frames 220 are aligned end-to-end, allowing the large blades to withstand maximum thrust.

[0058] Preferably, the large blade frames 220 between adjacent wind turbine layers are staggered, making the wind turbine structure 200 easy to start and rotate smoothly.

[0059] Preferably, the small fan blade 240 is made of a high-strength, lightweight, fatigue-resistant, aging-resistant, high and low temperature resistant, low-noise, and corrosion-resistant material.

[0060] Preferably, the spindle frame 100 is made of metal, high-strength cement, fiberglass, plastic, nylon, carbon fiber, or high-strength synthetic material.

[0061] See Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, when the small blade 240 is mounted on the large blade frame 220 via the small blade vertical shaft 230, the small blade vertical shaft 230 and the small blade 240 do not coincide in the vertical direction. The small blade vertical shaft 230 is closer to the transmission frame 210 than the small blade 240's central axis. This ensures that when the small blade 240 rotates around its small blade vertical shaft 230, the rotation radius of the small blade 240 is smaller than its width, and the areas on both sides of the small blade 240 are different, thereby reducing the swing amplitude and reverse resistance of the small blade 240. Specifically, in this embodiment, the vertical axis 230 of the small wind vane is not located in the middle of the width direction of the small wind vane 240, but is located at approximately two-thirds of the width of the small wind vane 240. When the small wind vane 240 rotates around the vertical axis 230, the wind-receiving areas on both sides are different, and the resistance it experiences is different. That is, the force experienced by the small wind vane 240 at one-third of its width is less than the force experienced by the small wind vane 240 at two-thirds of its width. When the small wind vane 240 experiences resistance on one side at two-thirds of its width, it is easier for the small wind vane 240 to rotate to one side, avoiding direct contact with the wind direction, thereby reducing the resistance experienced by the small wind vane 240.

[0062] The speed stabilizing device 300 is installed at the upper and lower ends of the large fan blade frame 220 and can be used to control the rotation angle of the small fan blade 240. Specifically, in this embodiment, the speed stabilizing device 300 consists of a base 310, a speed stabilizing elastic element 320, an elastic sleeve 330, a gear assembly 340, a speed stabilizing arm 350, and a small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360. The speed stabilizing elastic element 320, the elastic sleeve 330, and the gear assembly 340 are all disposed within the base 310. The elastic sleeve 330 is fitted onto the speed stabilizing elastic element 320. The gear assembly 340 includes a gear 341 rotatably mounted within the base 310 and a gear rod 342 fixedly connected to the gear 341. The elastic sleeve 330 is also provided with teeth that mesh with the gear 341 of the gear assembly 340, meaning that the speed stabilizing elastic element 320 can rotate by the elastic sleeve 340. The sleeve 330 causes the gear 341 to rotate at a specific angle. When the gear 341 rotates, it needs to overcome the elastic force of the speed-stabilizing elastic element 320. The gear rod 342 extends out of the base 310. One end of the speed-stabilizing arm 350 is provided with a square hole 354 to connect to the gear rod 342 on the base 310 of the speed-stabilizing device 300. The small fan blade speed-stabilizing wheel 360 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the small fan blade 240. When the small fan blade 240 rotates, the small fan blade speed-stabilizing wheel 360 provided on it can abut against the speed-stabilizing arm 350. By abutting against the speed-stabilizing arm 350 at different positions, the rotation angle of the small fan blade 240 is controlled, thereby controlling the resistance experienced by the small fan blade 240.

[0063] See Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in this embodiment, the other end of the speed stabilizing arm 350, which is not connected to the gear rod 342, is provided with three speed stabilizing positions: a normal stop position 351, a speed stabilizing stop position 352, and a maximum stop position 353. When the small fan blade 240 rotates, the small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360 abuts against the speed stabilizing arm 350. When the small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360 abuts against the normal stop position 351 of the speed stabilizing arm 350, the wind turbine structure 200 is in normal working condition; when the small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360 abuts against the speed stabilizing stop position 352 of the speed stabilizing arm 350, the wind turbine structure 200 is in a speed stabilizing working condition; when the small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360 abuts against the maximum stop position 353 of the speed stabilizing arm 350, the wind turbine structure 200 is in an automatic protection state. Specifically, refer to... Figure 5 In this embodiment, the speed stabilizing arm 350 is a roughly elongated block structure with a groove. When the speed stabilizing arm 350 is installed on the base 310, the part of the groove near the base 310 serves as the normal stop position 351 that abuts against the small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360. The part of the groove away from the base 310 serves as the speed stabilizing stop position 352 that abuts against the small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360. The part of the speed stabilizing arm 350 without a groove and away from the base 310 serves as the highest stop position 353 that abuts against the small fan blade speed stabilizing wheel 360.

[0064] See Figures 8 to 10 When in use, F represents the wind direction. When the wind turbine structure 200 encounters normal wind speeds, the small blade speed stabilizer wheel 360 is at the normal stop position 351 of the speed stabilizer arm 350. When two adjacent small blades 240 are aligned end-to-end, the wind turbine structure 200 is in normal working condition, and the small blades 240 are in the normal closed state. The small blades 240 on the large blade frame 220 are aligned end-to-end. At this time, the large blade has minimal or no air permeability, and the wind-driven thrust is at its maximum. When the wind turbine structure 200 encounters wind speeds exceeding the rated speed, the small blade speed stabilizer wheel 360 is at the speed stabilizer stop position. At position 352, the small blade 240 is partially open, allowing for moderate airflow. At this time, the large blades also allow airflow / ventilation, and the impeller structure 200 is in a stable speed state. When the impeller structure 200 encounters extremely strong winds, the small blade speed stabilizing wheel 360 reaches its highest stop position 353. The small blade speed stabilizing wheel 360 has broken free from the positioning restriction of the speed stabilizing device 300. Both large blades on both sides of the impeller structure 200 allow airflow and achieve balance in the wind. The impeller structure 200 loses power and cannot rotate normally, entering an automatic protection state. When the extremely strong winds weaken, the small blade 240 rotates 360° around its vertical axis 230, rotating with the impeller structure 200 and entering normal operation.

[0065] Preferably, the base 310 is also provided with a buffer solution 370. The buffer solution 370 soaks the speed-stabilizing elastic element 320, the elastic sleeve 330 and the gear 341 in the base 310. The speed-stabilizing device 300 adopts a combination of the speed-stabilizing elastic element 320 and the hydraulic buffer, which effectively solves the problem that the existing wind turbine speed-stabilizing device 300 is noisy and not durable.

[0066] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 It also includes a limiting resistor 400, which is set on the large wind blade frame 220 and located near the small wind blade vertical axis 230 and away from the main shaft frame 100. It is used to limit the rotation angle of the small wind blade 240, and the limiting component can move elastically relative to the small wind blade 240 to prevent adjacent small wind blades 240 from colliding and being damaged when encountering strong winds. It also ensures that the wind turbine can automatically open 360° for protection when encountering extremely strong winds and automatically resume normal operation after the extremely strong winds weaken. Specifically, in this embodiment, the limiting stop 400 comprises a limiting base 410, a limiting elastic member 420, and a limiting member 430. The limiting member 430 is rotatably mounted on the limiting base 410. The limiting member 430 is a cone shape with an inclined top, and the top of the cone shape of the limiting member 430 extends out of the limiting base 410. When the small fan blade 240 rotates, the top of the cone shape of the limiting member 430 can abut against the small fan blade 240, limiting the rotation of the small fan blade 240. The limiting elastic member 420 is a torsion spring, which is disposed between the limiting member 430 and the limiting base 410. It can keep the top of the cone shape of the limiting member 430 extending out of the limiting base 410 to limit the small fan blade 240, and when the small fan blade 240 rotates, it can overcome the elastic force of the limiting elastic member and disengage from the limiting member 430.

[0067] Preferably, the inclination of the inclined surfaces 431 on the left and right sides of the conical top of the limiting member 430 is inconsistent. When the limiting stop member 400 is installed on the large fan blade frame 220, the inclination of the inclined surface 431 on the left side of the conical top of the limiting member 430 is smaller than the inclination of the inclined surface 431 on the right side of the conical top of the limiting member 430. This allows the small fan blade 240 to contact the inclined surface 431 with a smaller inclination when rotating backward (forward), making it easier to overcome the elastic force of the limiting elastic member. When the small fan blade 240 rotates forward (reverse), it comes into contact with the inclined surface 431 with a larger inclination, making it easier to be limited, thereby preventing the small fan blade 240 from reversing.

[0068] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the limiting elastic element may be one of a tension spring, a compression spring, a disc spring, a plastic part, and a pneumatic elastic element.

[0069] Preferably, when the small fan blade 240 rotates backward, the speed stabilizing device 300 and the limiting resistor 400 are both located on the upstream side of the small fan blade 240, and the limiting resistor 400 is located on the upstream side of the speed stabilizing device 300. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the speed stabilizing device 300 is installed on the large wind vane frame 220, the speed stabilizing device 300 is located behind the small wind vane 240, and the limiting stop 400 is located in front of the small wind vane 240. The speed stabilizing device 300 is located on the right side of the large wind vane frame 220, and the limiting stop 400 is located on the left side of the large wind vane frame 220. That is, the speed stabilizing device 300 and the limiting stop 400 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the vertical axis 230 of the small wind vane. When the small wind vane 240 is subjected to frontal wind force, the small wind vane 240 rotates backward on the large wind vane frame 220 and first contacts the speed stabilizing arm 350 of the speed stabilizing device 300. When the small wind vane 240 is reversed forward, when the small wind vane 240 is subjected to wind force and rotates forward, the small wind vane 240 contacts the limiting stop 400, and the limiting stop 400 blocks the rotation of the small wind vane 240. Of course, since the top of the limiting member 430 on the limiting member 400 is set as an inclined surface 431, when the wind force on the small blade 240 is too great, it can also push the limiting member 400 to overcome the elastic force of the limiting elastic member, so as to no longer block the small blade 240 from rotating, thereby preventing the small blade 240 from being damaged when the wind force is too great.

[0070] See Figures 11 to 13 The process of using the vertical-axis multi-layer wind turbine variable blade high-efficiency wind engine of this invention:

[0071] See Figure 11 During the clockwise rotation of the wind turbine structure 200, the transmission frame 210 rotates on the main shaft frame 100. When the wind turbine structure 200 encounters wind speeds below the rated speed, when the large blade frame 220 rotates to the first position a, the small blades 240 turn towards the large blade frame 220 and begin to close. When the large blade frame 220 rotates to the second position b, the small blade speed stabilizer wheel 360 is in the normal stop position 351 of the speed stabilizer arm 350. At this time, all the small blades 240 of the large blade frame 220 are fully closed, the wind-receiving area of ​​the large blade frame 220 is at its maximum, and the wind thrust is also at its maximum. When the large blade frame 220 rotates to the third position c, the small blades 240 begin to rotate clockwise and begin to open for ventilation. When the large blade frame 220 rotates to the fourth position d, the plane on which the small blades 240 are located aligns with the wind direction, and all the small blades 240 on the large blade frame 220 open for ventilation, greatly reducing the reverse wind resistance in the wind turbine's headwind return zone and improving the wind turbine's wind power efficiency.

[0072] See Figure 12When the wind turbine structure 200 rotates clockwise, it encounters strong winds exceeding the rated wind speed. When the large wind turbine frame 220 rotates to the first position a, the small wind turbine 240 turns towards the large wind turbine frame 220 and begins to close. When the large wind turbine frame 220 rotates to the second position b, under the thrust of the strong wind, the small wind turbine 240's speed stabilizing wheel 360 slides to the speed stabilizing stop position 352 of the speed stabilizing arm 350. The small wind turbine 240 slightly overshoots the large wind turbine frame 220, allowing some air to pass through, which helps to slow down and stabilize the wind turbine. When the large wind turbine frame 220 rotates to the third position c, the small wind turbine 240 begins to rotate clockwise and begins to open to allow air to pass through. When the large wind turbine frame 220 rotates to the fourth position d, the plane on which the small wind turbine 240 is located aligns with the wind direction, and all the small wind turbines 240 on the large wind turbine frame 220 open to allow air to pass through, which greatly reduces the reverse wind resistance in the wind turbine's headwind return zone and improves the wind power efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0073] See Figure 13 When the wind turbine structure 200 encounters an extremely strong wind far exceeding the rated wind speed during clockwise rotation: when the large wind turbine frame 220 rotates to the first position a, the small wind turbine 240 turns towards the large wind turbine frame 220 and begins to close; when the large wind turbine frame 220 rotates to the second position b, under the thrust of the extremely strong wind, the small wind turbine speed stabilizer wheel 360 of the small wind turbine 240 breaks out of the positioning restriction of the highest stop position 353 of the speed stabilizer arm 350, so that the small wind turbine 240 conforms to the wind direction, and each small wind turbine 240 is fully opened for ventilation. Both sides of the large wind turbine frame 220 are ventilated, and the two sides of the wind turbine are balanced, causing the wind turbine to lose power and stop rotating, thus achieving the automatic protection state of the wind turbine.

[0074] See Figure 14 During the operation of the wind turbine structure 200, when the wind turbine structure 200 is subjected to a reverse wind, the small blades 240 rotate counterclockwise. The small blades 240 abut against the inclined surface 431 of the limiting resistor 400, which has a large tilt angle. The small blades 240 are blocked by the limiting resistor 400 and will not easily reverse, preventing excessive reverse opening and ensuring that they always maintain the optimal aerodynamic posture designed for it. This minimizes the rotational resistance in the headwind area and ensures that the small blades 240 can open 360° for automatic protection when encountering extremely strong winds, and automatically resume normal operation after the extremely strong winds weaken. This works in conjunction with the effect of the tailwind speed stabilization device 300 in ensuring maximum thrust, optimizing the force on the wind turbine from both positive and negative directions, thereby further improving the overall wind energy conversion efficiency of the unit. Of course, when the reverse wind force is indeed too strong, the small blade 240 can also cause the limiting member 430 of the limiting resistor 400 to retract downwards against the elastic force of the limiting elastic member, so as not to damage the small blade 240.

[0075] When the small fan blade 240 rotates in the forward direction, the small fan blade 240 abuts against the inclined surface 431 of the upper limit member 430 of the limiting resistor 400 with a small inclination. The small fan blade 240 can easily push the limiting member 430 of the limiting resistor 400 to overcome the elastic force of the limiting elastic member and retract downward, without affecting the forward rotation of the small fan blade 240.

[0076] It is understandable that the rotation direction of the wind turbine is not limited to clockwise; it can also be designed to rotate counterclockwise with the same efficiency.

[0077] The above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency wind turbine with vertical-axis multi-layer wind turbine and variable blades, characterized in that, include: The main spindle bracket extends vertically and is mounted on a ground base. A wind turbine structure includes a transmission frame rotatably mounted on a main shaft frame and a multi-layer wind turbine mounted on the transmission frame. The wind turbine includes multiple large blade frames fixed around the transmission frame, small blade vertical shafts mounted on the large blade frames, and small blades rotatable around the small blade vertical shafts. Each large blade frame is provided with one or more small blades. The large blade frames between adjacent layers of wind turbines are staggered to make the wind turbine structure easy to start and rotate smoothly. The vertical shaft of the small blades does not coincide with the central axis in the width direction of the small blades. When the small blades rotate around the vertical shaft, the rotation radius of the small blades is smaller than the width of the small blades. The transmission frame is provided with a transmission structure that rotates with the transmission frame around the main shaft frame. A speed stabilizing device, installed on the wind turbine structure, includes a small wind blade speed stabilizing wheel installed on the small wind blade and a speed stabilizing arm for controlling the rotation angle of the small wind blade; as well as A limiting stop is used to limit the rotation of the small fan blade. The limiting stop includes an elastically extendable limiting member, and the top of the limiting member is an inclined surface with two different inclinations. The small fan blade rotates and abuts against the inclined surface with a lower inclination. The small fan blade presses down the limiting member. The limiting member does not limit the small fan blade, and the small fan blade rotates normally. The small fan blade rotates and abuts against the inclined surface with a high inclination, and the limiting member blocks the rotation of the small fan blade, thus limiting the small fan blade.

2. The high-efficiency wind turbine with vertical axis multi-layer wind turbine and variable blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The speed stabilizing device further includes a base, a speed stabilizing elastic element, an elastic sleeve, and a gear assembly. The speed stabilizing elastic element, the elastic sleeve, and the gear assembly are all installed inside the base. The elastic sleeve is fitted onto the speed stabilizing elastic element. The gear assembly includes a gear rotatably installed inside the base and a gear rod fixedly connected to the gear. The elastic sleeve meshes with the gear of the gear assembly. The gear rod extends out of the base and connects to the speed stabilizing arm.

3. The high-efficiency wind turbine with vertical shaft multi-layer wind turbine and variable blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The other end of the speed stabilizing arm of the speed stabilizing device, which is not connected to the gear rod, is provided with three speed stabilizing positions: normal stop, speed stabilizing stop, and highest stop. When the small fan blade is in contact with the normal stop position of the speed stabilizing arm, the wind turbine structure is in normal working condition. When the small fan blade abuts against the speed stabilizing stop position of the speed stabilizing arm, the wind turbine structure is in a stable speed working state. When the small fan blade comes into contact with the highest stop position of the speed stabilizing arm, the wind turbine structure is in an automatic protection state.

4. The high-efficiency wind turbine with vertical axis multi-layer wind turbine and variable blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base of the speed stabilizing device is also provided with a buffer solution, which soaks the speed stabilizing elastic element, elastic sleeve and gear in the base. The buffer solution reduces vibration and noise as the speed stabilizing elastic element moves.

5. The high-efficiency wind turbine with vertical shaft multi-layer wind turbine and variable blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting stop is mounted on the large fan blade frame. The limiting stop also includes a limiting base and a limiting elastic element. The limiting stop is rotatably mounted on the limiting base, and the limiting elastic element is disposed between the limiting stop and the limiting base, so that the limiting stop can elastically rotate relative to the limiting base. The limiting elastic element is one of the following: compression spring, torsion spring, tension spring, disc spring, elastic plastic, and pneumatic elastic element.

6. The vertical-axis multi-layer wind turbine with variable blades and high-efficiency wind power engine according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The spindle frame is made of one of the following: metal, high-strength cement, fiberglass, carbon fiber, or high-strength synthetic materials.

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