Anti-atomization structure for traffic tunnel of hydraulic structure and anti-condensation structure for underground gallery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dehumidification and air conditioning equipment, and discloses a hydraulic structure traffic hole anti-atomization and underground gallery anti-condensation structure which comprises a technical interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-atomization hot air circulation loop. The technical interlayer sequentially comprises an anti-seepage heat insulation interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-atomization hot air interlayer from the cold wall face to the outside, the anti-condensation and anti-atomization hot air interlayers laid on all the cold wall faces communicate with one another, and the anti-condensation and anti-atomization hot air circulation loop comprises a dehumidifier, an air feeder, the anti-condensation and anti-atomization hot air interlayer and a return fan which are sequentially connected end to end. The structure for preventing atomization of the traffic hole of the hydraulic structure and preventing condensation of the underground gallery is good in dehumidification effect, low in energy consumption, simple in system and low in operation cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dehumidification and air conditioning equipment technology, specifically to a structure for preventing fogging in traffic tunnels of hydraulic structures and preventing condensation in underground corridors. Background Technology

[0002] Air humidity not only affects human thermal comfort but also has a significant impact on industrial production activities. Therefore, humidity control is one of the important tasks of air conditioning engineering. The access tunnel is the main passageway connecting the underground powerhouse caverns of a hydroelectric power station to the outside, and it is also one of the main air intake channels for the ventilation and air conditioning of the underground powerhouse caverns.

[0003] Studies and measurements have shown that the wall temperature of the traffic tunnel is approximately equal to the local annual average temperature. In summer, a large amount of hot and humid outdoor air enters the traffic tunnel as fresh air. When the fresh air encounters the cold wall, it causes fogging, which affects the safe driving of vehicles.

[0004] Hydraulic structure corridors are buried deep underground. Due to the influence of heat and humidity migration from the reservoir water, the temperature of the corridor walls is generally lower than the dew point temperature of the outdoor air in summer. In order to meet the ventilation requirements, mechanical ventilation systems are usually installed in the corridor area. In summer, when hot and humid outdoor air enters the cold walls of the corridor, condensation occurs, and condensate drips from the cold surface. These areas are prone to bacterial growth, which threatens the health of workers and seriously affects the normal operation and service life of equipment in this area.

[0005] There are two main technical approaches to existing dehumidification and anti-condensation technologies. One approach is to use refrigeration dehumidification equipment to condense and precipitate water molecules in the air, thereby reducing the humidity content of the air. The other approach is to use equipment such as rotary dehumidification or solution dehumidification to adsorb and reduce water molecules in the air, thereby reducing the humidity content of the air.

[0006] Currently, the main technical means to solve the problems of condensation in traffic tunnels and dampness in underground corridors of hydraulic structures is to use refrigerated dehumidifiers to dehumidify the air in these tunnels and corridors. However, this method suffers from problems such as poor dehumidification effect and high energy consumption at low temperatures. Rotary dehumidification systems and solution dehumidification systems can significantly reduce the air dew point temperature and effectively solve the problem of condensation in the corridor areas of hydraulic structures during high humidity seasons. However, these systems are complex, energy-intensive, and have high operating costs, and are rarely used for dehumidification in traffic tunnels and corridors of hydraulic structures. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technologies by providing a structure for preventing fogging in traffic tunnels of hydraulic structures and preventing condensation in underground corridors. This structure has good dehumidification effect, low energy consumption, and a simple system with low operating costs.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures designed in this invention includes a technical interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop. The technical interlayer is laid along the length of the traffic tunnel or corridor, attached to the cold wall surface. From the cold wall surface outwards, the technical interlayer consists of an impermeable and heat-insulating interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayers laid on each cold wall surface are interconnected. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop includes a dehumidifier, a blower, an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer, and a return air fan connected end to end in sequence.

[0009] Preferably, the system also includes a controller electrically connected to the dehumidifier, the supply fan, and the return fan. The controller is connected to several temperature and humidity sensors, which are arranged at the entrance of the tunnel, the end of the corridor air supply duct, and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging zone. The temperature and humidity sensors collect outdoor air temperature and humidity data and the cold wall surface temperature of the anti-condensation and anti-fogging zone and transmit them to the controller. The controller determines the operating conditions based on the input temperature and humidity data and controls the start and stop of the dehumidifier, the supply fan, and the return fan according to the operating conditions.

[0010] Preferably, the technical interlayer is divided into a wall technical interlayer, a roof technical interlayer, and a floor technical interlayer according to its location. The wall technical interlayer includes a wall waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer and a wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer. The roof technical interlayer includes a roof waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer and a roof anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer. The floor technical interlayer includes a floor waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer and a floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer. The air outlet of the blower is connected to the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer and the roof anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer through an air supply pipe. The return air outlet of the return air blower is connected to the floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer through a return air pipe. The wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer is connected to the roof anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer. The wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer is also connected to the floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer.

[0011] Preferably, the wall insulation interlayer includes an SPT vacuum insulation panel, a decorative panel, a waterproof layer, a fixing bracket, and a support column. The fixing bracket is fixed to the side wall, one end of the support column is fixed to the fixing bracket, and the decorative panel is fixed through the other end of the support column. The SPT vacuum insulation panel is located between the side wall and the decorative panel, with its upper and lower ends respectively secured to the support column through slots provided on the support column. The waterproof layer is sprayed or bonded to the side of the SPT vacuum insulation panel facing the side wall. The SPT vacuum insulation panel and the side wall form a waterproof and heat-insulating interlayer, and the decorative panel and the SPT vacuum insulation panel form a condensation-proof and fogging-proof hot air interlayer.

[0012] Preferably, the fixed support is fixed to the side wall by expansion bolts, the decorative panel is installed on the support by screws, the waterproof layer is a waterproof coating or glass cloth, and the decorative panel is an aluminum alloy decorative panel.

[0013] Preferably, the slot is provided with a spring and a positioning plate. One end of the spring is connected to the bottom of the slot, and the other end is connected to the positioning plate. When the upper or lower end of the SPT vacuum insulation board is inserted into the slot, it abuts against the positioning plate. The springs in the two slots abut against the positioning plate and thus against the SPT vacuum insulation board to fix it in place.

[0014] Preferably, the roof slab interlayer includes an SPT vacuum insulation panel, a decorative ceiling, a waterproof layer, and hangers. The hangers are fixed to the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor roof slab. Both the decorative ceiling and the SPT vacuum insulation panel are fixed by the hangers, with the SPT vacuum insulation panel located above the decorative ceiling. The waterproof layer is applied by spraying or bonding to the upper surface of the SPT vacuum insulation panel facing the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor roof slab. The SPT vacuum insulation panel is suspended at an angle, sloping from the center to both sides. The SPT vacuum insulation panel and the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor roof slab form a roof slab waterproof and heat-insulating interlayer. The decorative ceiling and the SPT vacuum insulation panel form a roof slab anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer.

[0015] Preferably, the base slab interlayer includes an interlayer foundation, structural columns, a concrete slab, a floor, and an insulation layer. The interlayer foundation is located below the wall interlayer, supporting the wall interlayer. The wall interlayer and the base slab interlayer are coupled at the interlayer foundation. The structural columns are distributed between the interlayer foundations. The structural columns and the interlayer foundation together support the concrete slab and the floor. The floor is located above the concrete slab. There is a cavity between the concrete slab and the floor of the passageway or corridor, forming a waterproof and insulating base slab interlayer. The insulation layer is attached to the upper surface of the concrete slab. There is a cavity between the insulation layer and the floor, forming a condensation-proof and fogging-proof hot air interlayer for the base slab.

[0016] Preferably, the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer of the wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer of the roof are connected by a connecting port provided on the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer of the roof, and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer of the wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer of the bottom plate are connected by a hot air inlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, a drainage ditch is provided at the bottom of the tunnel or corridor, and a seepage pipe is laid in the bottom slab of the tunnel or corridor. One end of the seepage pipe is connected to the waterproof and heat-insulating interlayer of the bottom slab, and the other end is connected to the drainage ditch.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Solved the problems of fogging in the traffic tunnel and condensation and dampness in the corridor during periods of high temperature and humidity; 2. By setting up a technical interlayer, a closed-loop air dehumidification system is achieved, which reduces the volume of air that needs to be dehumidified in traffic tunnels and corridors, thereby reducing the capacity or number of dehumidifiers. At the same time, the evaporation temperature of the dehumidifiers is increased, which improves the dehumidification efficiency of the dehumidifiers and reduces the power consumption and operating costs of anti-fogging in traffic tunnels and dehumidification in corridors. 3. The underground powerhouse of the hydropower station uses the traffic tunnel as the fresh air channel for air conditioning. The cooling effect of the long tunnel effectively reduces the enthalpy of the fresh air at the inlet of the air conditioning unit. The atomization problem is alleviated by setting up a dehumidifier. However, condensation heat is released, causing heat cancellation in the traffic tunnel. This invention effectively solves the problem of heat cancellation in the traffic tunnel and improves the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a segmented schematic diagram of the anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at end A in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-section at end B; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the wall technology sandwich structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the card slot in this invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram of the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop system in this invention.

[0020] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Dehumidifier; 2. Supply fan; 3. Return fan; 4. Controller; 5. Temperature and humidity sensor; 6. Wall waterproofing and insulation interlayer; 7. Wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer; 8. Roof waterproofing and insulation interlayer; 9. Floor waterproofing and insulation interlayer; 10. Floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer; 11. SPT vacuum insulation board; 12. Decorative panel; 13. Waterproof layer; 14. Fixed support; 15. Column; 16. Side wall; 17. Slot; 18. Expansion bolt; 19. Screw; 20. Spring; 21. Positioning plate; 22. Decorative ceiling; 23. Hanger; 24. Interlayer foundation; 25. Structural column; 26. Concrete slab; 27. Floor; 28. Insulation layer; 29. ​​Connecting opening; 30. Hot air duct; 31. Drainage ditch; 32. Seepage duct; 33. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, a structure for preventing fogging in a traffic tunnel and preventing condensation in an underground corridor of a hydraulic structure includes a technical interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop. The technical interlayer is laid along the length of the traffic tunnel or corridor and attached to the cold wall surface. From the cold wall surface outward, the technical interlayer consists of an impermeable and heat-insulating interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayers laid on each cold wall surface are interconnected. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop includes a dehumidifier 1, a blower 2, an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer, and a return air fan 3 connected end to end.

[0023] In this embodiment, when outdoor air enters the traffic tunnel or the corridor through the air supply duct, the dew point temperature of the outdoor air is calculated and compared with the temperature of the outer wall of the technical interlayer. If the dew point temperature of the outdoor air is higher than the wall temperature, the dehumidifier 1, the supply fan 2, and the return fan 3 are turned on to circulate hot air. Under the exhaust action of the return fan 3, the air in the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer enters the dehumidifier 1. The dehumidifier 1 dehumidifies the small amount of humid air that has entered the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer due to poor sealing and heats it up under the action of condensation heat. The heated hot air enters the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer and then enters the dehumidifier 1 again under the exhaust action of the return fan 3. This cycle repeats continuously.

[0024] Example 2 like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, a structure for preventing fogging in a traffic tunnel and preventing condensation in an underground corridor of a hydraulic structure includes a technical interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop. The technical interlayer is laid along the length of the traffic tunnel or corridor and attached to the cold wall surface. From the cold wall surface outward, the technical interlayer consists of an impermeable and heat-insulating interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayers laid on each cold wall surface are interconnected. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop includes a dehumidifier 1, a blower 2, an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer, and a return air fan 3 connected end to end.

[0025] In addition, it also includes a controller 4 electrically connected to the dehumidifier 1, the supply fan 2, and the return fan 3. The controller 4 is connected to several temperature and humidity sensors 5, which are arranged at the entrance of the traffic tunnel, the end of the air supply duct in the corridor, and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging area. The temperature and humidity sensors 5 collect outdoor air temperature and humidity data and the cold wall surface temperature of the anti-condensation and anti-fogging area and transmit them to the controller 4. The controller 4 determines the operating conditions based on the input temperature and humidity data and controls the start and stop of the dehumidifier 1, the supply fan 2, and the return fan 3 according to the operating conditions.

[0026] In the above embodiments and other embodiments, the technical interlayer is classified into wall technical interlayer, roof technical interlayer, and floor technical interlayer according to its location. Figure 2 As shown, the wall technical interlayer includes a wall waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer 6 and a wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7; the roof technical interlayer includes a roof waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer 8 and a roof anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9; the floor technical interlayer includes a floor waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer 10 and a floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11; the air outlet of the blower 2 is connected to the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 and the roof anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9 through the air supply pipe 34; the return air outlet of the return air blower 3 is connected to the floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11 through the return air pipe 35; the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 is connected to the roof anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9; and the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 is connected to the floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11.

[0027] Specifically, in combination Figure 4 As shown, the wall insulation interlayer includes an SPT vacuum insulation panel 12, a decorative panel 13, a waterproof layer 14, a fixing bracket 15, and a support column 16. The fixing bracket 15 is fixed to the side wall 17, and one end of the support column 16 is fixed to the fixing bracket 15. The decorative panel 13 is fixed through the other end of the support column 16. The SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 is located between the side wall 17 and the decorative panel 13. Its upper and lower ends are respectively secured to the support column 16 through slots 18 provided in the support column 16. The waterproof layer 14 is sprayed or bonded to the side of the SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 facing the side wall 17. The SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 and the side wall 17 form a wall waterproof insulation interlayer 6, and the decorative panel 13 and the SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 form a wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7.

[0028] The fixed support 15 is fixed to the side wall 17 by expansion bolts 19, the decorative panel 13 is installed on the support column 16 by screws 20, the waterproof layer 14 is a waterproof coating or glass cloth, and the decorative panel 13 is an aluminum alloy decorative panel. Figure 5As shown, the slot 18 is provided with a spring 21 and a positioning plate 22. One end of the spring 21 is connected to the bottom of the slot 18, and the other end is connected to the positioning plate 22. When the upper or lower end of the SPT vacuum insulation board 12 is inserted into the slot 18, it abuts against the positioning plate 22. The springs 21 in the two slots 18 abut against the positioning plate 22 and thus against the SPT vacuum insulation board 12 to fix it.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the roof slab technical interlayer includes an SPT vacuum insulation panel 12, a decorative ceiling 23, a waterproof layer 14, and a hanger 24. The hanger 24 is fixed to the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor roof slab. Both the decorative ceiling 23 and the SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 are fixed by the hanger 24, and the SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 is located above the decorative ceiling 23. The waterproof layer 14 is attached to the upper surface of the SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 facing the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor roof slab by spraying or bonding. The SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 is suspended at an angle, sloping from the center to both sides. The SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 and the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor roof slab form a roof slab waterproof and heat-insulating interlayer 8. The decorative ceiling 23 and the SPT vacuum insulation panel 12 form a roof slab anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the base slab interlayer includes an interlayer foundation 25, structural columns 26, a concrete slab 27, a floor 28, and an insulation layer 29. The insulation layer 29 is made of foamed cement or other insulation materials. The interlayer foundation 25 is located below the wall interlayer and supports it. The wall interlayer and the base slab interlayer are coupled at the interlayer foundation 25. The structural columns 26 are distributed between the interlayer foundations 25. The structural columns 26 and the interlayer foundation 25 together support the concrete slab 27 and the floor 28. The floor 28 is located above the concrete slab 27. There is a cavity between the concrete slab 27 and the floor slab of the passageway or corridor, forming a base slab waterproof and insulating interlayer 10. The insulation layer 29 is attached to the upper surface of the concrete slab 27. There is a cavity between the insulation layer 29 and the floor 28, forming a base slab anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11.

[0031] In addition, combined Figure 3 As shown, the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 of the wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9 of the top plate are connected by a connecting port 30 provided on the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9 of the top plate, and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 of the wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11 of the bottom plate are connected by a hot air inlet pipe 31.

[0032] In this embodiment, the dehumidifier 1 is arranged on the base plate interlayer. The outlet of the dehumidifier 1 is connected to the inlet of the blower 2. The outlet of the blower 2 is connected to the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 6 of the wall through the blower duct 34. The inlet of the return air fan 3 is connected to the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11 of the base plate through the return air duct 35. The outlet of the return air fan 3 is connected to the inlet of the dehumidifier 1.

[0033] When in use, when outdoor air enters the traffic tunnel or enters the corridor through the air supply duct, the temperature and humidity sensor 5 detects the air temperature, humidity, and temperature of the outer wall of the technical interlayer and sends them to the controller 4. The controller 4 calculates the dew point temperature of the outdoor air and compares it with the temperature of the outer wall of the technical interlayer. If the dew point temperature of the outdoor air is higher than the wall temperature, the controller 4 turns on the dehumidifier 1, the air supply fan 2, and the return air fan 3 to circulate hot air.

[0034] Specifically, under the exhaust action of the return air fan 3, the air in the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 9 of the bottom plate enters the dehumidifier 1 through the return air duct 35. The dehumidifier 1 dehumidifies the small amount of humid air that enters the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket due to poor sealing and heats it up under the action of condensation heat. The heated air enters the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 7 of the wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 9 of the ceiling through the air supply duct 34. The decorative panel 13 and the decorative ceiling 23 are aluminum alloy decorative panels or other decorative panels with low thermal resistance, and the hot air can be circulated. The ring heats the air, and the hot air in the top plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 9 enters the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 7 through the connecting port 30. The hot air in the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 7 mixes with the hot air in the top plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 9 that enters from the connecting port 30. Then, it enters the bottom plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 11 through the hot air inlet pipe 31 embedded in the jacket foundation 25. The air in the bottom plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 11 enters the dehumidifier 1 through the return air pipe 35 under the exhaust action of the return air fan 3. This cycle repeats continuously.

[0035] In the above embodiment, a drainage ditch 32 is provided at the bottom of the traffic tunnel or corridor, and a seepage pipe 33 is laid in the bottom slab of the traffic tunnel or corridor. One end of the seepage pipe 33 is connected to the waterproof and heat-insulating interlayer 10 of the bottom slab, and the other end is connected to the drainage ditch 32. The dehumidifier 1 is connected to the drainage ditch 32 through the condensate pipe 36. The drainage ditch 15 collects the seepage water and condensate water that may exist in the enclosure structure of the traffic tunnel or corridor and the heating type dehumidification.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the gaps between the components of the technical interlayer are filled with sealant.

[0037] In another embodiment, combined with Figures 1-6As shown, the facility is divided into several compartments according to the length of the access tunnel or underground corridor. Each compartment has a sealing plate at one end, forming a closed structure. Each compartment is equipped with an anti-fogging and anti-condensation structure. There are three compartments: Compartment 1, Compartment 2, and Compartment 3. The connection between Compartment 1 and Compartment 2 is End A, and the connection between Compartment 2 and Compartment 3 is End B. Dehumidifier 1 is located on the technical interlayer of the floor slab at End A. The outlet of the blower 3 is connected to the technical interlayer of the wall at End A via an air supply duct 34. The hot air interlayer 9 of the top plate is connected to the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9 at end A via the air supply pipe 34. The inlet of the return air fan 3 is connected to the bottom plate technical interlayer at end A via the return air pipe 35. The connection port 30 between the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 of the connecting wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9 of the top plate is located at the upper part of end B. The hot air inlet pipe 31 between the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 of the connecting wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11 of the bottom plate is located at the lower part of end B. The hot air inlet pipe 31 is laid in the interlayer foundation 25 at end B of the cabin.

[0038] When outdoor air enters the traffic tunnel or the corridor through the air supply duct, the temperature and humidity sensor 5 detects the air temperature, humidity, and temperature of the outer wall of the technical interlayer and sends them to the controller 4. The controller 4 calculates the dew point temperature of the outdoor air and compares it with the temperature of the outer wall of the technical interlayer. If the dew point temperature of the outdoor air is higher than the wall temperature, the controller 4 turns on the dehumidifier 1, the air supply fan 2, and the return air fan 3 to circulate hot air.

[0039] Under the exhaust action of the return air fan 3, the air in the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 11 of the bottom plate enters the dehumidifier 1 through the return air duct. The dehumidifier 1 dehumidifies the small amount of humid air that has entered the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 11 due to poor sealing and heats it up under the action of condensation heat. The heated hot air enters the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 7 of the wall and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air jacket 9 of the ceiling through the air supply duct. The decorative panel 13 and the decorative ceiling 23 are made of aluminum alloy decorative panels or other decorative panels with low thermal resistance, and the hot air can circulate and heat them.

[0040] Specifically, the hot air in the top anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9 flows from end A to end B, and further enters the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 through the connecting port 30. The hot air in the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7 flows from end A to end B, mixes with the hot air in the top anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 9 entering from the connecting port 30, and then enters the bottom anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11 through the hot air inlet pipe 31 pre-embedded in the interlayer foundation 25. The air in the bottom anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 11 flows from end B to end A, and enters the dehumidifier 1 through the return air pipe under the exhaust action of the return air fan 3, and so on in a repeated cycle.

[0041] In the above embodiment, dehumidifier 1 is a heating type dehumidifier.

[0042] The core principle of this invention is to isolate the cold energy transfer of the cold wall surface of the underground building rock mass by using a seepage-proof and heat-insulating interlayer, and to use the condensation heat of the dehumidifier to heat the air in the anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer 7, thereby ensuring that the surface temperature of the enclosure structure in contact with the high humidity air is higher than the air dew point temperature, thus solving the problem of fogging and condensation in underground traffic tunnels and corridors during high humidity periods.

[0043] This invention relates to an anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and an anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures. It solves the problems of fogging in traffic tunnels and condensation / dampness in corridors during periods of high temperature and humidity. By incorporating a technical interlayer, a closed-loop air dehumidification system is achieved, reducing the volume of air requiring dehumidification within the traffic tunnels and corridors. This reduces the capacity or number of dehumidifiers 1, while simultaneously increasing the evaporation temperature of dehumidifiers 1, thereby improving their dehumidification efficiency and reducing the power consumption and operating costs for anti-fogging in traffic tunnels and dehumidification in corridors. In hydropower stations, underground powerhouses utilize traffic tunnels as fresh air ducts for air conditioning. The cooling effect of the long tunnel effectively reduces the enthalpy of the fresh air at the air conditioning unit inlet. While dehumidifiers alleviate fogging, they also release condensation heat, causing heat loss in the traffic tunnels. This invention effectively solves this heat loss problem in traffic tunnels, improving the energy efficiency of the air conditioning system.

[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is a further detailed explanation of the invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should not be considered that the specific implementation of the invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, any simple substitutions made without departing from the concept of the invention should be considered within the scope of protection of this invention. The above embodiments are merely representative examples of the invention. Obviously, the invention is not limited to the above embodiments and many variations are possible. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the invention should be considered within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0045] Furthermore, the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, and this specification may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limiting it to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, providing these descriptions will ensure that the disclosure of this invention is thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Moreover, the technical solutions of this invention are defined only by the scope of the claims. Features of various embodiments of the invention may be combined or spliced ​​together in part or in whole, and may be implemented in various different configurations as will be fully understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the invention may be implemented independently of each other or may be implemented together in an interdependent relationship.

[0046] For those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of this invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, and all of these should be considered to fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A structure for preventing fogging in traffic tunnels and condensation in underground corridors of hydraulic structures, characterized in that: It includes a technical interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop. The technical interlayer is laid along the length of the traffic tunnel or corridor and attached to the cold wall surface. The technical interlayer consists of an anti-seepage and heat insulation interlayer and an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer in sequence from the cold wall surface. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayers laid on each cold wall surface are connected to each other. The anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air circulation loop includes a dehumidifier (1), a blower (2), an anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer and a return air fan (3) connected end to end in sequence.

2. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors of hydraulic structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a controller (4) electrically connected to the dehumidifier (1), the blower (2) and the return air fan (3). The controller (4) is connected to several temperature and humidity sensors (5). The temperature and humidity sensors (5) are arranged at the entrance of the traffic tunnel, the end of the air supply duct of the corridor and the anti-condensation and anti-fogging area. The temperature and humidity sensors (5) collect outdoor air temperature and humidity data and the cold wall surface temperature of the anti-condensation and anti-fogging area and transmit them to the controller (4). The controller (4) determines the operating conditions based on the input temperature and humidity data and controls the start and stop of the dehumidifier (1), the blower (2) and the return air fan (3) according to the operating conditions.

3. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The technical interlayers are divided into wall technical interlayers, roof technical interlayers, and floor technical interlayers according to their location. The wall technical interlayer includes a wall waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer (6) and a wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (7). The roof technical interlayer includes a roof waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer (8) and a roof anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (9). The floor technical interlayer includes a floor waterproofing and heat insulation interlayer (10) and a floor anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (11). The air outlet of the blower (2) is connected to the blower. The air duct (34) is connected to the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (7) and the top plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (9). The return air inlet of the return air fan (3) is connected to the bottom plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (11) through the return air duct (35). The wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (7) is connected to the top plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (9). The wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (7) is connected to the bottom plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (11).

4. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The wall insulation layer includes an SPT vacuum insulation panel (12), a decorative panel (13), a waterproof layer (14), a fixing bracket (15), and a support column (16). The fixing bracket (15) is fixed to the side wall (17), one end of the support column (16) is fixed to the fixing bracket (15), and the decorative panel (13) is fixed through the other end of the support column (16). The SPT vacuum insulation panel (12) is located between the side wall (17) and the decorative panel (13). The upper and lower ends of the SPT vacuum insulation board (12) are respectively secured to the support column (16) by the slot (18) provided on the support column (16). The waterproof layer (14) is sprayed or bonded to the side of the SPT vacuum insulation board (12) facing the side wall (17). The SPT vacuum insulation board (12) and the side wall (17) form a wall waterproof insulation interlayer (6). The decorative panel (13) and the SPT vacuum insulation board (12) form a wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (7).

5. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed support (15) is fixed to the side wall (17) by expansion bolts (19), the decorative panel (13) is installed on the support (16) by screws (20), the waterproof layer (14) is a waterproof coating or glass cloth, and the decorative panel (13) is an aluminum alloy decorative panel.

6. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The slot (18) is provided with a spring (21) and a positioning plate (22). One end of the spring (21) is connected to the bottom of the slot (18), and the other end is connected to the positioning plate (22). When the upper or lower end of the SPT vacuum insulation board (12) is inserted into the slot (18), it abuts against the positioning plate (22). The springs (21) in the two slots (18) abut against the positioning plate (22) and then against the SPT vacuum insulation board (12) to fix it.

7. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors of hydraulic structures as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The top plate technical interlayer includes an SPT vacuum insulation panel (12), a decorative ceiling (23), a waterproof layer (14), and a hanger (24). The hanger (24) is fixed to the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor top plate. The decorative ceiling (23) and the SPT vacuum insulation panel (12) are both fixed by the hanger (24), and the SPT vacuum insulation panel (12) is located above the decorative ceiling (23). The waterproof layer (14) is attached to the upper surface of the SPT vacuum insulation panel (12) facing the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor top plate by spraying or bonding. The SPT vacuum insulation panel (12) is suspended at an angle, sloping from the center to both sides. The SPT vacuum insulation panel (12) and the top of the traffic tunnel or the corridor top plate form a top plate seepage-proof and heat-insulating interlayer (8). The decorative ceiling (23) and the SPT vacuum insulation panel (12) form a top plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (9).

8. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors of hydraulic structures as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The base plate interlayer includes an interlayer foundation (25), structural columns (26), a concrete slab (27), a floor (28), and an insulation layer (29). The interlayer foundation (25) is located below the wall interlayer and supports the wall interlayer. The wall interlayer and the base plate interlayer are coupled at the interlayer foundation (25). The structural columns (26) are distributed between the interlayer foundations (25). The structural columns (26) and the interlayer foundation (25) together support the concrete slab (27) and the floor (28). The floor (28) is located above the concrete slab (27). There is a cavity between the concrete slab (27) and the bottom plate of the traffic tunnel or corridor, forming a base plate anti-seepage and insulation interlayer (10). The insulation layer (29) is attached to the upper surface of the concrete slab (27). There is a cavity between the insulation layer (29) and the floor (28), forming a base plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (11).

9. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors in hydraulic structures as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (7) and the top plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (9) are connected by a connecting port (30) provided on the top plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (9), and the wall anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (7) and the bottom plate anti-condensation and anti-fogging hot air interlayer (11) are connected by a hot air inlet pipe (31).

10. The anti-fogging structure for traffic tunnels and anti-condensation structure for underground corridors of hydraulic structures as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the tunnel or corridor is provided with a drainage ditch (32), and a seepage pipe (33) is laid in the bottom plate of the tunnel or corridor. One end of the seepage pipe (33) is connected to the seepage-proof and heat-insulating interlayer (10) of the bottom plate, and the other end is connected to the drainage ditch (32).

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