Electric equipment monitoring and protecting method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric equipment monitoring protection method and device. The protection method comprises the following steps: collecting current and voltage data of electric equipment, generating a current and voltage waveform curve based on the current and voltage data, calculating to obtain current and voltage total harmonic distortion, and calculating to obtain current power and current time slope based on the current and voltage data; based on the current and voltage total harmonic distortion and the set current and voltage standard total harmonic distortion, current and voltage harmonic deviation values are obtained through calculation, electric energy quality abnormity is identified according to the current and voltage harmonic deviation values, and an alarm or prompt is given out; on the basis of the magnitude relationship between the voltage waveform curve and a set fundamental wave rated signal in a preset proportion range, identifying voltage abnormity and sending out voltage abnormity early warning or line fault early warning; and calculating a deviation value between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electric equipment, and combining the current time slope to identify power abnormality and give an alarm. According to the invention, various abnormal states of the electric equipment can be identified and warned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, and specifically to a method and device for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread adoption of electricity systems, electricity has become an indispensable part of people's daily lives and provides a more convenient energy source for social development. However, electrical safety remains a crucial issue that requires attention. During electricity use, electrical hazards may arise due to aging or damaged wiring, loose connections, short circuits, or improper grounding, which can lead to serious consequences such as personal injury or fires.

[0003] Current technologies primarily protect power supply lines using devices such as circuit breakers, fuses, and leakage current detectors, or implement line protection in distribution cabinets. However, conventional protection devices only trigger tripping and power-off protection after faults such as short circuits, overloads, and grounding occur. This passive protection is only effective when the circuit abnormality has reached an extreme level. It cannot provide early feedback on abnormal equipment conditions before extreme conditions are reached, nor can it record, identify, or alarm for potential hazards. Furthermore, it cannot identify various abnormal states of equipment, such as abnormal power quality harmonics, high-voltage or low-voltage anomalies, loose connections and arcing, or relay sticking. It also cannot record abnormal equipment conditions for easy subsequent retrieval. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that existing technologies cannot provide early feedback on abnormal states of electrical equipment, this invention provides a method and apparatus for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art,

[0007] The first aspect of this invention discloses a method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment, the protection method comprising:

[0008] Collect real-time current and voltage data of electrical equipment, generate current and voltage waveform curves based on the current and voltage data and calculate the total harmonic distortion of current and voltage, calculate the current power based on the current and voltage data and generate a power curve, and obtain the current time slope based on the power curve;

[0009] Based on the total harmonic distortion of current and voltage and the set standard total harmonic distortion of current and voltage, the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​are calculated, and power quality abnormalities are identified and warnings or prompts are issued according to the current and voltage harmonic deviation values.

[0010] Based on the relationship between the voltage waveform curve and the magnitude of the set fundamental rated signal within a preset ratio range, voltage anomalies are identified and voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings are issued.

[0011] Calculate the deviation between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electrical equipment, and identify power anomalies by combining the current time slope and issue a warning.

[0012] Preferably, the current harmonic deviation value is the absolute value of the difference between the total harmonic distortion of the current and the set standard total harmonic distortion of the current, and the voltage harmonic deviation value is the absolute value of the difference between the total harmonic distortion of the voltage and the set standard total harmonic distortion of the voltage.

[0013] Preferably, the step of identifying power quality anomalies and issuing warnings or alerts based on current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​includes:

[0014] When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is greater than the first harmonic threshold, the power quality abnormality is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality abnormality warning is issued.

[0015] When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is less than or equal to the first harmonic threshold and greater than the second harmonic threshold, power quality abnormality is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality abnormality prompt is issued.

[0016] When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is less than or equal to the second harmonic threshold, the original operating state will be maintained.

[0017] When the execution instructions for the current harmonic deviation value and the voltage harmonic deviation value are inconsistent, the execution instruction with the maximum value of the two shall prevail.

[0018] Preferably, the step of identifying voltage anomalies and issuing voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings based on the relationship between the voltage waveform curve and the magnitude of the preset ratio range of the fundamental rated signal includes:

[0019] When the voltage waveform curve is less than or equal to the maximum proportional setting fundamental rated signal and greater than or equal to the minimum proportional setting fundamental rated signal, the original operating state is maintained.

[0020] When the voltage waveform curve is greater than the maximum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal or less than the minimum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal, the duration of the voltage waveform curve being greater than the maximum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal or less than the minimum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal will be analyzed.

[0021] If the duration exceeds the first preset time, it is identified as a voltage anomaly, a voltage anomaly warning will be issued, and the occurrence time will be recorded.

[0022] When the duration is less than or equal to the first preset time and greater than or equal to the second preset time, maintain the original operating state and record the occurrence time;

[0023] If the duration is less than the second preset time, the number of oscillations in the voltage waveform curve will be analyzed:

[0024] When the number of oscillations exceeds the preset number of oscillations, it is identified as a voltage anomaly, a line fault warning will be issued, and the occurrence time will be recorded;

[0025] When the number of oscillations is less than or equal to the preset number of oscillations, it will be identified as a normal switch contact operation.

[0026] Preferably, the current state of the electrical equipment is divided into an operating state and a disconnected state.

[0027] Preferably, the deviation value, combined with the current time slope, identifies power anomalies and issues a warning, including:

[0028] If the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the preset threshold of the current state of the electrical equipment, and the current time slope is greater than the preset slope of the current state of the electrical equipment, then it is identified as a power anomaly, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, a power anomaly warning is issued, and the duration is recorded.

[0029] A second aspect of this invention discloses an electrical equipment monitoring and protection device for operating the aforementioned electrical equipment monitoring and protection method. The monitoring and protection device is located at the power input terminal of the electrical equipment and includes: a processing unit, a data acquisition unit, a storage unit, an alarm unit, and a communication unit.

[0030] The acquisition unit is used to collect current and voltage data of electrical equipment in real time.

[0031] The storage unit is used to store records according to the processing instructions of the processing unit;

[0032] The alarm unit is used to display an alarm according to the processing instructions of the processing unit;

[0033] The communication unit is used to send signals to the cloud server according to the processing instructions of the processing unit;

[0034] The processing unit is connected to the acquisition unit, storage unit, alarm unit, and communication unit. It is used to generate current and voltage waveform curves based on the current and voltage data and calculate the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current and voltage; calculate the current power based on the current and voltage data and generate a power curve; obtain the current time slope based on the power curve; calculate the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​based on the THD and a set standard THD; identify power quality anomalies and issue warnings or alerts based on the current and voltage harmonic deviation values; identify voltage anomalies and issue voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings based on the relationship between the voltage waveform curve and a preset ratio range of the set fundamental rated signal; and calculate the deviation between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electrical equipment, combined with the current time slope, identify power anomalies and issue warnings.

[0035] Preferably, the acquisition unit includes a voltage acquisition unit and a current acquisition unit, wherein the voltage acquisition unit acquires the voltage data of the electrical equipment in real time, and the current acquisition unit acquires the current data of the electrical equipment in real time.

[0036] The third aspect of the present invention discloses a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method.

[0037] The fourth aspect of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method.

[0038] This invention identifies power quality anomalies and issues warnings or alerts by analyzing total harmonic distortion of current or voltage, thereby enabling early warning and control of power quality harmonic anomalies. It also identifies voltage anomalies and issues voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings by analyzing voltage waveform curves, thus enabling early warning and control of voltage anomalies. Furthermore, it identifies power anomalies and issues power anomaly warnings by analyzing current power and current time slope, thus enabling early warning and control of power consumption anomalies. This invention achieves the identification and warning of various abnormal states of electrical equipment, enabling timely proactive protection, improving the durability and safety of electrical equipment, and making hidden abnormal states of the system transparent and enhancing electrical safety.

[0039] This invention can record the occurrence time or operating parameters of various abnormal states in a timely manner, which facilitates subsequent abnormality query, inspection and maintenance, optimizes equipment operating status, improves the operation and maintenance efficiency of electrical equipment, and performs autonomous learning and optimization based on the occurrence time and operating parameters to improve operational safety and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the electrical equipment used in this invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the monitoring and protection device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is the first flowchart of the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is the second flowchart of the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is the third flowchart of the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention. The embodiments described in this application are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the spirit of this invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0047] Embodiment 1 of the present invention discloses a method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment, the protection method comprising:

[0048] Step 1: Collect real-time current and voltage data of electrical equipment, generate current and voltage waveform curves based on the current and voltage data and calculate the total harmonic distortion of current and voltage, calculate the current power based on the current and voltage data and generate a power curve, and obtain the current time slope based on the power curve;

[0049] The current and voltage data are used to generate current waveform curves and voltage waveform curves according to time, and the total harmonic distortion of the current and the total harmonic distortion of the voltage are calculated by Fourier transform.

[0050] The calculation yields the current power, generates a power curve over time, and obtains the time slope.

[0051] The power is calculated from the current and voltage data and expressed by the following formula:

[0052] P=U×I×cosφ

[0053] In the formula:

[0054] P represents power;

[0055] U represents voltage;

[0056] I represents electric current;

[0057] cosφ represents the power factor, which can be obtained through preset or actual measurement;

[0058] Step 2: Calculate the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​based on the current and voltage total harmonic distortion and the set current and voltage standard total harmonic distortion. Identify power quality anomalies based on the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​and issue warnings or prompts.

[0059] Specifically, when the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is greater than the first harmonic threshold, the power quality abnormality is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality abnormality warning is issued.

[0060] When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is less than or equal to the first harmonic threshold and greater than the second harmonic threshold, power quality abnormality is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality abnormality prompt is issued.

[0061] When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is less than or equal to the second harmonic threshold, the original operating state will be maintained.

[0062] When the execution instructions for the current harmonic deviation value and the voltage harmonic deviation value are inconsistent, the execution instruction with the maximum value of the two shall prevail.

[0063] By recording the time of power quality anomalies and the operating parameters of electrical equipment, the system can learn and optimize itself to prevent equipment from operating under parameters that indicate power quality anomalies.

[0064] The current harmonic deviation value is the absolute value of the difference between the total harmonic distortion of the current and the set standard total harmonic distortion of the current, and the voltage harmonic deviation value is the absolute value of the difference between the total harmonic distortion of the voltage and the set standard total harmonic distortion of the voltage.

[0065] Preferably, but not limitingly, the standard total harmonic distortion can be set to the national standard total harmonic distortion.

[0066] Step 3: Based on the voltage waveform curve and the relationship between the magnitude of the fundamental rated signal within a preset proportional range, identify voltage anomalies and issue voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings.

[0067] Specifically, when the voltage waveform curve is less than or equal to the maximum proportional setting fundamental rated signal and greater than or equal to the minimum proportional setting fundamental rated signal, the original operating state is maintained.

[0068] When the voltage waveform curve is greater than the maximum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal or less than the minimum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal, the duration of the voltage waveform curve being greater than the maximum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal or less than the minimum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal will be analyzed.

[0069] If the duration exceeds the first preset time, a voltage anomaly is identified, a voltage anomaly warning is issued, and the occurrence time is recorded.

[0070] When the duration is less than or equal to the first preset time and greater than or equal to the second preset time, the original working state is maintained and the occurrence time is recorded to facilitate staff to query historical records later.

[0071] When the duration is less than the second preset time, the number of oscillations of the voltage waveform curve is:

[0072] When the number of oscillations exceeds the preset number of oscillations, an abnormal voltage is identified, a line fault warning is issued, and the occurrence time is recorded.

[0073] When the number of oscillations is less than or equal to the preset number of oscillations, it will be identified as a normal switch contact operation.

[0074] The process of the voltage waveform curve falling back from a set fundamental frequency rated signal exceeding the maximum proportion to a set fundamental frequency rated signal exceeding the minimum proportion is considered an oscillation, or the process of the voltage waveform curve rising back from a set fundamental frequency rated signal below the minimum proportion to a set fundamental frequency rated signal exceeding the maximum proportion is also considered an oscillation.

[0075] Preferably, but not limitingly, the abnormal causes of the voltage abnormality warning are mostly due to the failure of the electrical equipment to withstand voltage caused by high voltage or the overcurrent damage caused by low voltage, and the abnormal causes of the line fault warning are mostly due to short circuits, arcing or arcing caused by repeated high and low voltage fluctuations in a short period of time.

[0076] Step 4: Calculate the deviation between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electrical equipment, and identify power anomalies by combining the current time slope and issuing a warning;

[0077] The current state of the electrical equipment is divided into operating state and disconnected state;

[0078] Specifically, if the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the preset threshold of the current state of the electrical equipment, and the current time slope is greater than the preset slope of the current state of the electrical equipment, then it is identified as a power anomaly, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, a power anomaly warning is issued, and the duration is recorded.

[0079] When the electrical equipment is currently in operation, if the absolute value of the deviation value is greater than the preset operation threshold and the current time slope is greater than the preset operation slope, an abnormal power is identified, the occurrence time and operation parameters are recorded, an abnormal power warning is issued, and the duration is recorded.

[0080] When the current state of the electrical equipment is disconnected, if the deviation value is greater than the preset disconnection threshold and the current time slope is greater than the preset disconnection slope, the power anomaly is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, a power anomaly warning is issued, and the duration is recorded.

[0081] Preferably, but not limitingly, when power is abnormal, the cause of the abnormality can be determined by the duration based on the usual power abnormality situation. Alternatively, a time threshold can be designed, and the cause of the power abnormality can be determined by whether the duration is greater than the time threshold.

[0082] like Figures 3-5 As shown, to more clearly illustrate the outstanding substantive features of this invention and the significant progress it brings to the prior art, an application example of implementing this invention is described below. It includes the following steps:

[0083] Step 1: Collect real-time current and voltage data of electrical equipment, generate current and voltage waveform curves based on the current and voltage data and calculate the total harmonic distortion of current and voltage, calculate the current power based on the current and voltage data and generate a power curve, and obtain the current time slope based on the power curve;

[0084] Step 2: Calculate the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​based on the current and voltage total harmonic distortion and the set current and voltage standard total harmonic distortion. Identify power quality anomalies based on the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​and issue warnings or prompts.

[0085] When the current harmonic deviation or voltage harmonic deviation exceeds 5%, a power quality anomaly is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality anomaly warning is issued.

[0086] When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is less than or equal to 5% and greater than 3%, the power quality abnormality is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality abnormality prompt is issued.

[0087] When the current harmonic deviation or voltage harmonic deviation is less than or equal to 3%, the original operating state will be maintained.

[0088] When the execution instructions for the current harmonic deviation value and the voltage harmonic deviation value are inconsistent, the execution instruction with the greater value of the two shall prevail.

[0089] Step 3: Based on the voltage waveform curve and the relationship between the magnitude of the fundamental rated signal within a preset proportional range, identify voltage anomalies and issue voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings.

[0090] When the voltage waveform curve is less than or equal to 110% of the set fundamental rated signal and greater than or equal to 90% of the set fundamental rated signal, the original operating state is maintained.

[0091] When the voltage waveform curve is greater than 110% of the set fundamental rated signal or less than 90% of the set fundamental rated signal, the duration for which the voltage waveform curve is greater than the maximum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal or less than the minimum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal will be analyzed.

[0092] If the duration exceeds 5 milliseconds, a voltage anomaly will be detected, a voltage anomaly warning will be issued, and the occurrence time will be recorded.

[0093] If the duration is less than or equal to 5 milliseconds and greater than or equal to 1 millisecond, maintain the original running state and record the occurrence time;

[0094] When the duration is less than 1 millisecond, the number of oscillations in the voltage waveform curve will be analyzed:

[0095] If the number of oscillations exceeds 5, it is identified as a voltage anomaly, a line fault warning will be issued, and the occurrence time will be recorded.

[0096] If the number of oscillations is less than or equal to 5, it will be identified as a normal switch contact operation.

[0097] Step 4: Calculate the deviation between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electrical equipment, and identify power anomalies by combining the current time slope and issuing a warning;

[0098] When the electrical equipment is currently in operation, if the absolute value of the deviation is greater than 10% and the current time slope is greater than 10%, a power anomaly is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, a power anomaly warning is issued, and the duration is recorded.

[0099] When the current state of the electrical equipment is disconnected, if the deviation value is greater than 10% and the current time slope is greater than 10%, a power anomaly is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, a power anomaly warning is issued, and the duration is recorded.

[0100] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention discloses an electrical equipment monitoring and protection device for running the aforementioned electrical equipment monitoring and protection method. The monitoring and protection device is installed at the power input terminal of the electrical equipment and includes: a processing unit, a data acquisition unit, a storage unit, an alarm unit, and a communication unit.

[0101] The acquisition unit is used to collect current and voltage data of electrical equipment in real time.

[0102] The storage unit is used to store records according to the processing instructions of the processing unit, so that staff can easily check the time of the anomaly or the operating parameters offline.

[0103] The alarm unit is used to display an alarm according to the processing instructions of the processing unit;

[0104] The communication unit is used to send signals to the cloud server according to the processing instructions of the processing unit, thereby uploading the time of the anomaly or the operating parameters to the cloud server, so that staff can query the time of the anomaly or the operating parameters online.

[0105] The processing unit is connected to the acquisition unit, storage unit, alarm unit, and communication unit. It is used to generate current and voltage waveform curves based on the current and voltage data and calculate the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current and voltage; calculate the current power based on the current and voltage data and generate a power curve; obtain the current time slope based on the power curve; calculate the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​based on the THD and a set standard THD; identify power quality anomalies and issue warnings or alerts based on the current and voltage harmonic deviation values; identify voltage anomalies and issue voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings based on the relationship between the voltage waveform curve and a preset ratio range of the set fundamental rated signal; and calculate the deviation between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electrical equipment, combined with the current time slope, identify power anomalies and issue warnings.

[0106] The acquisition unit includes a voltage acquisition unit and a current acquisition unit. The voltage acquisition unit acquires the voltage data of the electrical equipment in real time, and the current acquisition unit acquires the current data of the electrical equipment in real time.

[0107] The voltage acquisition unit and the current acquisition unit convert the voltage signal and the current signal into digital information through an ADC sampling converter.

[0108] Preferably, but not limitingly, the alarm unit can indicate abnormalities through sound, light, or other means, or it can be turned off.

[0109] Embodiment 3 of the present invention discloses a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method.

[0110] Embodiment 4 of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method.

[0111] The beneficial effects of this invention are that, compared with the prior art,

[0112] This invention identifies power quality anomalies and issues warnings or alerts by analyzing total harmonic distortion of current or voltage, thereby enabling early warning and control of power quality harmonic anomalies. It also identifies voltage anomalies and issues voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings by analyzing voltage waveform curves, thus enabling early warning and control of voltage anomalies. Furthermore, it identifies power anomalies and issues power anomaly warnings by analyzing current power and current time slope, thus enabling early warning and control of power consumption anomalies. This invention achieves the identification and warning of various abnormal states of electrical equipment, enabling timely proactive protection, improving the durability and safety of electrical equipment, and making hidden abnormal states of the system transparent and enhancing electrical safety.

[0113] This invention can record the occurrence time or operating parameters of various abnormal states in a timely manner, which facilitates subsequent abnormality query, inspection and maintenance, optimizes equipment operating status, improves the operation and maintenance efficiency of electrical equipment, and performs autonomous learning and optimization based on the occurrence time and operating parameters to improve operational safety and reliability.

[0114] This disclosure can be a system, method, and / or computer program product. A computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions loaded thereon for causing a processor to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0115] Computer-readable storage media can be tangible devices capable of holding and storing instructions for use by an instruction execution device. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example—but not limited to—electrical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, optical storage devices, electromagnetic storage devices, semiconductor storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), static random access memory (SRAM), portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital multifunction disc (DVD), memory sticks, floppy disks, mechanical encoding devices, such as punch cards or recessed protrusions storing instructions thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. The computer-readable storage media used herein are not to be construed as transient signals themselves, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through waveguides or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses through fiber optic cables), or electrical signals transmitted through wires.

[0116] The computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded from computer-readable storage media to various computing / processing devices, or downloaded via a network, such as the Internet, local area network, wide area network, and / or wireless network, to an external computer or external storage device. The network may include copper transmission cables, fiber optic transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers, and / or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards them to the computer-readable storage media in the respective computing / processing device.

[0117] Computer program instructions used to perform the operations of this disclosure may be assembly instructions, instruction set architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, status setting data, or source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or programmable logic arrays (PLAs), is personalized by utilizing the status information of the computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of this disclosure.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment, characterized in that, The protection method includes: Collect real-time current and voltage data of electrical equipment, generate current and voltage waveform curves based on the current and voltage data and calculate the total harmonic distortion of current and voltage, calculate the current power based on the current and voltage data and generate a power curve, and obtain the current time slope based on the power curve; Based on the total harmonic distortion of current and voltage and the set standard total harmonic distortion of current and voltage, the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​are calculated, and power quality abnormalities are identified and warnings or prompts are issued according to the current and voltage harmonic deviation values. Based on the relationship between the voltage waveform curve and the magnitude of the set fundamental rated signal within a preset ratio range, voltage anomalies are identified and voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings are issued. Calculate the deviation between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electrical equipment, and identify power anomalies by combining the current time slope and issue a warning.

2. The method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current harmonic deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the total harmonic distortion of the current and the set standard total harmonic distortion of the current. The voltage harmonic deviation is the absolute value of the difference between the total harmonic distortion of the voltage and the set standard total harmonic distortion of the voltage.

3. The method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of identifying power quality anomalies and issuing warnings or alerts based on current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​includes: When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is greater than the first harmonic threshold, the power quality abnormality is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality abnormality warning is issued. When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is less than or equal to the first harmonic threshold and greater than the second harmonic threshold, power quality abnormality is identified, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, and a power quality abnormality prompt is issued. When the current harmonic deviation value or the voltage harmonic deviation value is less than or equal to the second harmonic threshold, the original operating state will be maintained. When the execution instructions for the current harmonic deviation value and the voltage harmonic deviation value are inconsistent, the execution instruction with the maximum value of the two shall prevail.

4. The method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of identifying voltage anomalies and issuing voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings based on the relationship between the voltage waveform curve and the preset proportional range of the fundamental rated signal includes: When the voltage waveform curve is less than or equal to the maximum proportional setting fundamental rated signal and greater than or equal to the minimum proportional setting fundamental rated signal, the original operating state is maintained. When the voltage waveform curve is greater than the maximum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal or less than the minimum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal, the duration of the voltage waveform curve being greater than the maximum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal or less than the minimum proportion of the set fundamental rated signal will be analyzed. If the duration exceeds the first preset time, it is identified as a voltage anomaly, a voltage anomaly warning will be issued, and the occurrence time will be recorded. When the duration is less than or equal to the first preset time and greater than or equal to the second preset time, maintain the original operating state and record the occurrence time; If the duration is less than the second preset time, the number of oscillations in the voltage waveform curve will be analyzed: When the number of oscillations exceeds the preset number of oscillations, it is identified as a voltage anomaly, a line fault warning will be issued, and the occurrence time will be recorded; When the number of oscillations is less than or equal to the preset number of oscillations, it will be identified as a normal switch contact operation.

5. The method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current state of the electrical equipment is divided into running state and disconnected state.

6. The method for monitoring and protecting electrical equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deviation value, combined with the current time slope, identifies power anomalies and issues warnings, including: If the absolute value of the deviation is greater than the preset threshold of the current state of the electrical equipment, and the current time slope is greater than the preset slope of the current state of the electrical equipment, then it is identified as a power anomaly, the occurrence time and operating parameters are recorded, a power anomaly warning is issued, and the duration is recorded.

7. An electrical equipment monitoring and protection device, used to operate the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the monitoring and protection device is disposed at the power input terminal of the electrical equipment, comprising: The processing unit, acquisition unit, storage unit, alarm unit, and communication unit are characterized by: The acquisition unit is used to collect current and voltage data of electrical equipment in real time. The storage unit is used to store records according to the processing instructions of the processing unit; The alarm unit is used to display an alarm according to the processing instructions of the processing unit; The communication unit is used to send signals to the cloud server according to the processing instructions of the processing unit; The processing unit is connected to the acquisition unit, storage unit, alarm unit, and communication unit. It is used to generate current and voltage waveform curves based on the current and voltage data and calculate the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the current and voltage; calculate the current power based on the current and voltage data and generate a power curve; obtain the current time slope based on the power curve; calculate the current and voltage harmonic deviation values ​​based on the THD and a set standard THD; identify power quality anomalies and issue warnings or alerts based on the current and voltage harmonic deviation values; identify voltage anomalies and issue voltage anomaly warnings or line fault warnings based on the relationship between the voltage waveform curve and a preset ratio range of the set fundamental rated signal; and calculate the deviation between the current power and the normal power corresponding to the current state of the electrical equipment, combined with the current time slope, identify power anomalies and issue warnings.

8. The electrical equipment monitoring and protection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The acquisition unit includes a voltage acquisition unit and a current acquisition unit. The voltage acquisition unit acquires the voltage data of the electrical equipment in real time, and the current acquisition unit acquires the current data of the electrical equipment in real time.

9. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the electrical equipment monitoring and protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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