Test system
By designing a testing system, the system confirms the specification matching and parameter range of the motor, drive, and peripheral devices during inverter testing, generates test parameters, and monitors the status. This solves the safety risks and equipment damage problems caused by manual parameter input, and achieves safety and reliability in the testing process.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410644929.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-05-08
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-11
AI Technical Summary
During inverter testing, manually inputting parameters can easily lead to safety risks and equipment damage, and it is difficult to effectively ensure test safety.
Design a testing system to verify the specification compatibility and parameter range of motors, drives, and peripheral devices through testing equipment, generate test parameters, monitor device status, ensure that parameters are within safe ranges, and prevent erroneous input and device damage.
This improves test safety, reduces the risk of parameter input errors and device selection errors, and ensures the reliability and safety of the test process.
Smart Images
Figure CN120928183A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a testing system, and more particularly to a testing system that can increase testing security. Background Technology
[0002] With technological advancements, frequency converters are increasingly used in high-voltage electrical systems for future motor control. However, the introduction of high-voltage systems also introduces risks during semi-finished product verification, making safety monitoring and verification crucial. Generally, frequency converter verification requires inputting numerous and complex parameters, including setting different motor parameters for different motors, frequency converter control parameters, and control parameters for peripheral instruments and equipment.
[0003] However, when testers manually input key parameters, errors can easily lead to safety concerns and equipment damage. It also increases the difficulty of debugging when errors occur. Therefore, effectively increasing test security is a crucial issue. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a testing system that effectively tests safety and reduces the risk of incorrect test parameter input and incorrect device under test selection.
[0005] This invention provides a testing system, including a motor, a drive, peripheral devices, and a testing device. The testing device is connected to the motor, drive, and peripheral devices. The testing device generates multiple test parameters to test the motor, drive, and peripheral devices, and confirms the test status of each of the motor, drive, and peripheral devices.
[0006] The testing system disclosed in this invention uses a testing device to confirm whether the specifications of the motor device match those of the drive device, whether the specifications of the drive device match those of the peripheral devices, whether the initial operating parameters of each drive device and peripheral device are within their operating ranges, and whether the test control parameters of each drive device and peripheral device are within their safety ranges. When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device match those of the drive device, the specifications of the drive device match those of the peripheral devices, the initial operating parameters are within their operating ranges, and the test control parameters are within their safety ranges, the testing device generates multiple test parameters based on the initial operating parameters and test control parameters to test the motor device, drive device, and peripheral devices. During the test, the testing device monitors and acquires the monitoring parameters of each motor device, drive device, and peripheral device, and confirms the test status of each device based on the monitoring parameters. This effectively increases the safety of the test and reduces the risk of incorrect test parameter input and incorrect selection of the device under test (e.g., motor device, drive device, and peripheral devices). Attached Figure Description
[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0008] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0009] Figure 3A and Figure 3B This is a flowchart of an operation method of a test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0010] Figure 4A and Figure 4B This is a flowchart of an operation method of a test system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[0011] [Symbol Explanation]
[0012] 100: Test System
[0013] 110: Motor unit
[0014] 120: Drive unit
[0015] 130: Peripheral devices
[0016] 131: Cooling device
[0017] 132: Low voltage device
[0018] 133: High Voltage Device
[0019] 140: Test apparatus
[0020] 150: Storage device
[0021] 210: Confirmation Module
[0022] 220: Test Parameter Generation Module
[0023] 230: Monitoring Module
[0024] 240: Communication Module
[0025] S302~S318, S402~S404: Steps Detailed Implementation
[0026] In the embodiments listed below, the same or similar elements or components will be represented by the same reference numerals.
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a test system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 1 The test system 100 may include a motor device 110, a drive device 120, a peripheral device 130 and a test device 140.
[0028] In some embodiments, the motor device 110 may include a physical motor or a virtual motor, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The drive device 120 may be connected to the motor device 110. The drive device 120 may generate a drive signal to drive the motor device 120 to operate based on a control signal or a test signal. In some embodiments, the drive device 120 may be an inverter, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
[0029] Peripheral device 130 can be connected to drive device 120. In some embodiments, peripheral device 130 may include cooling device 131, low-voltage device 132, and high-voltage device 133, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Cooling device 131 can be connected to drive device 120 and cool the operating temperature of drive device 120. Alternatively, cooling device 131 can be a water chiller. Low-voltage device 132 can be connected to drive device 120 and provide a low-voltage signal to drive device 120. High-voltage device 133 can be connected to drive device 120 and provide a high-voltage signal to drive device 120.
[0030] The testing device 140 can be connected to the motor assembly 110, the drive unit 120, and the peripheral device 130. The testing device 140 can verify whether the specifications of the motor assembly 110 match the specifications of the drive unit 120. Furthermore, the testing device 140 can verify whether the voltage plateau, continuous power, and operating voltage range of the drive unit 120 are covered by the specifications of the motor assembly 110.
[0031] For example, when the voltage platform of the drive device 120 is 800V, the rated power is 110kW, and the voltage operating range is 380-865V, and the voltage platform of the motor device 110 is 800V, the rated power is 300kW, and the voltage operating range is 0-1000V, the testing device 140 can confirm that the specifications of the drive device 120 are covered by the specifications of the motor device 110, thus confirming that the specifications of the motor device 110 match the specifications of the drive device 120. When the voltage platform of the drive device 120 is 800V, the rated power is 110kW, and the voltage operating range is 380-865V, and the voltage platform of the motor device 110 is 400V, the rated power is 100kW, and the voltage operating range is 0-500V, the testing device 140 can confirm that the specifications of the drive device 120 are not covered by the specifications of the motor device 110, thus confirming that the specifications of the motor device 110 do not match the specifications of the drive device 120.
[0032] The testing device 140 can confirm whether the specifications of the drive device 120 match the specifications of the peripheral device 130. Furthermore, the testing device 140 can confirm whether the high voltage operating range, low voltage operating range, and operating temperature range in the specifications of the drive device 120 are covered by the specifications of the peripheral device 130, so as to confirm whether the specifications of the drive device 120 match the specifications of the peripheral device 130.
[0033] For example, when the high voltage operating range of the drive device 120 is 380 to 865V, the low voltage operating range is 9 to 16V, and the operating temperature range is -20 to 85°C, and the high voltage operating range of the peripheral device 130 is 0 to 1000V, the low voltage operating range is 0 to 30V, and the operating temperature range is -40 to 90°C, the test device 140 can confirm that the specifications of the drive device 120 are covered by the specifications of the peripheral device 130, so as to confirm that the specifications of the drive device 120 and the specifications of the peripheral device 130 are matched. When the high voltage operating range of the drive device 120 is 380–865V, the low voltage operating range is 9–16V, and the operating temperature range is -20–85°C, and the high voltage operating range of the peripheral device 130 is 0–500V, the low voltage operating range is 15–30V, and the operating temperature range is -10–80°C, the test device 140 can confirm that the specifications of the drive device 120 are not covered by the specifications of the peripheral device 130, thus confirming that the specifications of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 do not match.
[0034] The testing device 140 can confirm whether the initial operating parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the operating range. Furthermore, the testing device 140 can confirm whether the initial operating parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 set by the user are within the operating range.
[0035] For example, when the operating range has a voltage platform of 800V, a rated power of 110kW, a high voltage operating range of 380~865V, a low voltage operating range of 9~16V, and an operating temperature of -20~85℃, and the initial operating parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are respectively a voltage platform of 800V, a rated power of 110kW, a high voltage of 500V, a low voltage of 13.8V, and an operating temperature of 65℃, the test device 140 can confirm that the initial operating parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the operating range.
[0036] The testing device 140 can confirm whether the test control parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the safe range. Furthermore, the testing device 140 can confirm whether the test control parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 set by the user are within the operating range.
[0037] For example, when the test control parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 increase from 580V to 800V, and the safe range is 380-865V, the test device 140 can confirm that the test control parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the safe range because 800V does not exceed 865V. When the test control parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 increase from 580V to 870V, and the safe range is 380-865V, the test device 140 can confirm that the test control parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are outside the safe range because 870V exceeds 865V.
[0038] Furthermore, when the testing device 140 confirms that the specifications of the motor device 110 match the specifications of the drive device 120, the specifications of the drive device 120 match the specifications of the peripheral device 130, the initial operating parameters are within the operating range, and the test control parameters are within the safe range, the testing device 140 can generate multiple test parameters based on the initial operating parameters and test control parameters to test the motor device 110, the drive device 120, and the peripheral device 130. This effectively increases the safety of the test and reduces the risk of incorrect test parameter input and the selection of the wrong device under test (e.g., the motor device 110, the drive device 120, and the peripheral device 130).
[0039] Furthermore, the testing device 140 can generate error messages when it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device 110 do not match the specifications of the drive device 120, the specifications of the drive device 120 do not match the specifications of the peripheral device 130, the initial operating parameters are not within the operating range, or the test control parameters are not within the safe range.
[0040] Next, during the test, the testing device 140 can monitor and acquire the monitoring parameters of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130, and confirm the test status of each of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 based on the monitoring parameters. Furthermore, the testing device 140 can compare the monitoring parameters of each of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 with preset values to confirm whether the monitoring parameters match the preset values. When the monitoring parameters match the preset values, the testing device 140 can confirm that the test status of each of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 is normal. When the monitoring parameters do not match the preset values, the testing device 140 can confirm that the test status of each of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 is abnormal.
[0041] In some embodiments, when the testing device 140 confirms that the test states of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 are all in a normal state, the testing device 140 can generate a test completion message, indicating that the test result is the same as the expected result. Conversely, when the testing device 140 confirms that the test states of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 are all in an abnormal state, the testing device 140 can generate a test abnormality message to indicate that at least one of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 has malfunctioned. Simultaneously, the testing device 140 can activate a protection mechanism to stop the testing system 100, thereby preventing damage to the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 during the testing process.
[0042] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the testing device 140 can obtain the device identification codes of the motor device 110, the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 respectively, and the testing device 140 can obtain the specifications of the motor device 110, the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 based on the device identification codes of the motor device 110, the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 respectively.
[0043] In some embodiments, the test system 100 further includes a storage device 150. The storage device 150 can be connected to the test device 140. The storage device 150 can store the specifications of the motor device 110, the drive device 120, the peripheral device 130, initial operating parameters, and test control parameters. For example, a user can obtain the specifications of the motor device 110, the drive device 120, and the peripheral device 130 in advance, and set the initial operating parameters and test control parameters, and then store these specifications in the storage device 150. In some embodiments, the storage device 150 can be a memory, a hard disk, a solid-state drive, etc., but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
[0044] In the overall operation of the testing system 100, firstly, the testing device 140 can obtain the device identification codes of the motor device 110, the drive device 120, and the peripheral device 130. Next, based on the device identification codes of the motor device 110, the drive device 120, and the peripheral device 130, the testing device 140 can obtain the specifications of the motor device 110, the drive device 120, and the peripheral device 130 from the storage device 150.
[0045] Then, the testing device 140 can verify whether the specifications of the motor device 110 match the specifications of the drive device 120. When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device 110 do not match the specifications of the drive device 120, the testing device 140 can generate an error message indicating that the specifications of the motor device 110 and the drive device 120 do not match.
[0046] When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device 110 match the specifications of the drive device 120, the testing device 140 can confirm whether the specifications of the drive device 110 match the specifications of the peripheral device 130. When it is confirmed that the specifications of the drive device 110 do not match the specifications of the peripheral device 130, the testing device 140 can generate an error message indicating that the specifications of the motor device 110 and the drive device 120 do not match.
[0047] When the specifications of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are confirmed to match, the test device 140 can confirm whether the initial operating parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the operating range. When it is confirmed that the initial operating parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are not within the operating range, the test device 140 can generate an error message indicating that the initial operating parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are not within the operating range.
[0048] When the initial operating parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within their respective operating ranges, the test device 140 can confirm whether the test control parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within their respective safe ranges. When it is confirmed that the test control parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are not within their respective safe ranges, the test device 140 can generate an error message indicating that the test control parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are not within their respective safe ranges.
[0049] When it is confirmed that the test control parameters of the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the safe range, the test device 140 can generate multiple test parameters to test the motor device 110, the drive unit 120 and the peripheral device 130 based on the initial working parameters and the test control parameters.
[0050] Next, during the test, the test device 140 can monitor and obtain the monitoring parameters of the motor device 110, the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 respectively, and confirm the test status of the motor device 110, the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 respectively based on the monitoring parameters.
[0051] Subsequently, when the testing device 140 confirms that the test status of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 is normal, the testing device 140 can generate a test completion message, indicating that the test result is the same as the expected result. Conversely, when the testing device 140 confirms that the test status of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 is abnormal, the testing device 140 can generate a test abnormality message to indicate that at least one of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 has malfunctioned. Simultaneously, the testing device 140 can activate a protection mechanism, causing the testing system 100 to stop testing to prevent damage to the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 during the testing process.
[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to... Figure 2 The testing device 140 may include a confirmation module 210, a test parameter generation module 220, and a monitoring module 230.
[0053] The verification module 210 is used to verify whether the specifications of the motor device 110 match the specifications of the drive device 120, whether the specifications of the drive device 120 match the specifications of the peripheral device 130, whether the initial operating parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the operating range, and whether the test control parameters of the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 are within the safe range.
[0054] When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device 110 match the specifications of the drive device 120, the specifications of the drive device 120 match the specifications of the peripheral device 130, the initial operating parameters are within the operating range, and the test control parameters are within the safety range, the verification device 210 can generate a verification completion signal. Conversely, when it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device 110 do not match the specifications of the drive device 120, the specifications of the drive device 120 do not match the specifications of the peripheral device 130, the initial operating parameters are not within the operating range, or the test control parameters are not within the safety range, the verification device 210 can generate an error message.
[0055] The test parameter generation module 220 can be connected to the confirmation module 210. The test parameter generation module 210 can generate test parameters to test the motor device 110, the drive device 120 and the peripheral device 130 based on the confirmation completion signal, the initial operating parameters and the test control parameters.
[0056] During testing, the monitoring module 230 can monitor and obtain the monitoring parameters of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130, and obtain the test status of each of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 based on the monitoring parameters. Furthermore, when the monitoring module 230 confirms that the test status of each of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 is normal, it can generate a test completion message. Conversely, when the monitoring module 230 confirms that the test status of each of the motor device 110, drive device 120, and peripheral device 130 is abnormal, it can generate a test abnormality message and activate a protection mechanism.
[0057] In some embodiments, the testing device 140 also includes a communication module 240. The communication module 240 can connect to the motor device 110, the drive device 120, the peripheral device 130, the confirmation module 210, the test parameter generation module 220, and the monitoring module 230, so that the motor device 110, the drive device 120, the peripheral device 130, the confirmation module 210, the test parameter generation module 220, and the monitoring module 230 can transmit signals and data.
[0058] Figure 3A and Figure 3B This is a flowchart of an operation method of a testing system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In step S302, the specifications of the motor device and the drive device are confirmed to match by the testing device. When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device and the drive device do not match, the process proceeds to step S304, where an error message is generated.
[0059] When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor unit match the specifications of the drive unit, proceed to step S306 to confirm whether the specifications of the drive unit match the specifications of the peripheral devices. If it is confirmed that the specifications of the drive unit do not match the specifications of the peripheral devices, proceed to step S304 and generate an error message.
[0060] Once it is confirmed that the specifications of the drive unit and the peripheral unit match, proceed to step S308 to confirm whether the initial operating parameters of the drive unit and the peripheral unit are within the operating range. If it is confirmed that the initial operating parameters of the drive unit and the peripheral unit are not within the operating range, proceed to step S304 and generate an error message.
[0061] When it is confirmed that the initial operating parameters of the drive device and peripheral devices are within the operating range, proceed to step S310 to confirm whether the test control parameters of the drive device and peripheral devices are within the safe range. When it is confirmed that the test control parameters of the drive device and peripheral devices are not within the safe range, proceed to step S304 and generate an error message.
[0062] When it is confirmed that the test control parameters of the drive unit and the peripheral device are within the safe range, proceed to step S312, and generate multiple test parameters to test the motor device, drive unit and peripheral device based on the initial working parameters and test control parameters.
[0063] In step S314, during the test, the test device monitors and obtains the monitoring parameters of the motor device, drive device and peripheral device respectively, and confirms the test status of the motor device, drive device and peripheral device respectively based on the monitoring parameters.
[0064] In step S316, when the testing device confirms that the test status of the motor device, drive device, and peripheral device is normal, the testing device generates a test completion message. In step S318, when the testing device confirms that the test status of the motor device, drive device, and peripheral device is abnormal, the testing device generates a test abnormality message and activates the protection mechanism.
[0065] Figure 4A and Figure 4B This is a flowchart illustrating an operation method of an alignment device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, Figure 4A and Figure 4B Steps S302 to S318 and Figure 3A and Figure 3B Steps S302 to S318 are the same or similar, and can be referred to. Figure 1 The embodiments are described in detail here, so they will not be repeated here.
[0066] In step S402, the testing device obtains the device identification codes for the motor device, drive device, and peripheral devices. In step S404, the testing device obtains the specifications of the motor device, drive device, and peripheral devices based on their respective device identification codes.
[0067] It is worth noting that, Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4A and Figure 4B The order of the steps is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the order of steps in the embodiments of the present invention. The order of the steps can be changed by the user as needed. Furthermore, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, additional steps can be added or fewer steps can be used in the above flowchart.
[0068] In summary, the testing system disclosed in this invention confirms, through a testing device, whether the specifications of the motor device match those of the drive device, whether the specifications of the drive device match those of the peripheral devices, whether the initial operating parameters of each drive device and peripheral device are within their operating ranges, and whether the test control parameters of each drive device and peripheral device are within their safety ranges. When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device match those of the drive device, the specifications of the drive device match those of the peripheral devices, the initial operating parameters are within their operating ranges, and the test control parameters are within their safety ranges, the testing device generates multiple test parameters based on the initial operating parameters and test control parameters to test the motor device, drive device, and peripheral devices. During the test, the testing device monitors and acquires the monitoring parameters of each motor device, drive device, and peripheral device, and confirms the test status of each motor device, drive device, and peripheral device based on the monitoring parameters. This effectively increases the safety of the test and reduces the risk of incorrect test parameter input and incorrect selection of the device under test (e.g., motor device, drive device, and peripheral devices).
[0069] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.
Claims
1. A testing system, comprising: Motor unit; Drive unit; Peripheral devices; as well as The testing device is connected to the motor device, the drive device, and the peripheral device. The testing device generates multiple test parameters to test the motor device, the drive device, and the peripheral device, and confirms the test status of each of the motor device, the drive device, and the peripheral device.
2. The testing system as described in claim 1, further comprising: A storage device, connected to the testing device, stores the specifications of the motor device, the specifications of the drive device, the specifications of the peripheral device, the initial operating parameters, and the test control parameters.
3. The testing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the testing apparatus comprises: The confirmation module confirms whether the specifications of the motor device match the specifications of the drive device, whether the specifications of the drive device match the specifications of the peripheral device, whether the initial operating parameters of the drive device and the peripheral device are within the operating range, and whether the test control parameters of the drive device and the peripheral device are within the safety range. When it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device match the specifications of the drive device, the specifications of the drive device match the specifications of the peripheral device, the initial operating parameters are within the operating range, and the test control parameters are within the safety range, the confirmation device generates the confirmation completion signal. A test parameter generation module is connected to the confirmation module. The test parameter generation module generates the test parameters based on the confirmation completion signal, the initial operating parameters, and the test control parameters to test the motor device, the drive device, and the peripheral device. as well as During the test, the monitoring module monitors and obtains the monitoring parameters of the motor device, the drive device, and the peripheral device, and confirms the test status of the motor device, the drive device, and the peripheral device based on the monitoring parameters.
4. The testing system of claim 3, wherein the verification device generates an error message when it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device do not match the specifications of the drive device, the specifications of the drive device do not match the specifications of the peripheral device, the initial operating parameters are not within the operating range, or the test control parameters are not within the safety range.
5. The testing system as described in claim 3, wherein the testing device further includes a communication module connecting the motor device, the drive device, the peripheral device, the confirmation module, the test parameter generation module, and the monitoring module.
6. The testing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the testing device further obtains the device identification codes of the motor device, the drive device and the peripheral device respectively, and the testing device further obtains the specifications of the motor device, the specifications of the drive device and the specifications of the peripheral device based on the device identification codes of the motor device, the drive device and the peripheral device respectively.
7. The testing system of claim 1, wherein the testing device also generates an error message when it is confirmed that the specifications of the motor device do not match the specifications of the drive device, the specifications of the drive device do not match the specifications of the peripheral device, the initial operating parameters are not within the operating range, or the test control parameters are not within the safe range.
8. The testing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the testing device confirms that the test status of the motor device, the drive device and the peripheral device is normal, the testing device generates a test completion message; and when the testing device confirms that the test status of the motor device, the drive device and the peripheral device is abnormal, the testing device generates a test abnormality message and activates a protection mechanism.
9. The test system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drive device is a frequency converter.
10. The test system of claim 1, wherein the peripheral device includes a cooling device, a low-voltage device, and a high-voltage device.