Frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic record calibration method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic record calibration method and device. The corresponding method comprises the following steps: generating a wavelet library according to seismic data of a target work area; wherein the wavelet library comprises a plurality of wavelets, and the plurality of wavelets are different in position and time; generating frequency-varying attenuation wavelets according to the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function; generating a variable time-frequency synthesis record according to the logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet and a pre-generated speed attenuation coefficient; wherein the speed attenuation coefficient is used for representing the time matching degree between the logging synthetic record and the seismic record, the logging synthetic record is generated by the logging data, and the seismic record is generated by the seismic data; and calibrating the logging data and the seismic data according to the variable time-frequency synthesis record. The method is helpful to test the reasonability of geological stratification, improves the precision of reservoir reflection interface calibration and explanation, is helpful to finely analyze and dissect the internal interference characteristics of the reservoir, and effectively improves the calibration efficiency and precision of later inversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of oil and gas geophysics technology, specifically relating to a method and apparatus for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing exploration of oil and gas basins globally, most easily discovered oil and gas structural traps and thick lithological traps have been identified, leading to a year-on-year increase in exploration and development difficulties. To find more replacement reserves, the industry has placed higher demands on the precise prediction of reservoir geomorphology. Accurate calibration of synthetic seismic records serves as a bridge and link between well data and seismic data, connecting abstract seismic data with actual geological models (Su et al., 2002; Cui et al., 2002; Wu et al., 2011). High-precision synthetic seismic records, by assigning precise geological meaning to the phase axes of reflected waves on seismic profiles (Song et al., 2009), lay a solid foundation for precise reservoir description (Sun et al., 2002). As current exploration targets become increasingly concealed and smaller in scale, higher demands are placed on the high-precision calibration of synthetic seismic records (Jin et al., 2004), which is crucial for predicting low-amplitude traps in thin interbedded reservoirs. The question of how to obtain high-quality synthetic seismic records has become an urgent problem to be solved in the process of fine oil and gas exploration and development (Sun Xueji et al., 1997).

[0003] Numerous scholars have strived to improve the calibration quality of synthetic records, conducting extensive theoretical and influencing factor analyses, resulting in various synthetic record calibration methods. These can be broadly categorized into three types:

[0004] (1) The target layer is calibrated using an interactive stretching or compression calibration method based on the wave group characteristics, but this can easily lead to redundant synthetic wave groups in the synthetic record and change the magnitude of the reflection coefficient.

[0005] (2) In order to obtain complete large-spacing time-depth relations, the calibration method of multi-time-window variable wavelet is generally adopted. Due to the instability of the calibration wavelet phase, the correspondence of wave group relationship at the splicing point is poor.

[0006] (3) For high-precision calibration of local reservoirs, the technique of "uniform compensation for acoustic time difference" is adopted. However, the uniform distribution of cumulative error will lead to abnormal changes in the reflection coefficient, which will change the correspondence of the energy of the weak wave group in the synthetic record.

[0007] While the methods described above have addressed the calibration of thick reservoirs to some extent, they each have their limitations in the precise calibration and inversion of thin, interbedded reservoirs with rapid lateral changes, strong heterogeneity, and poor quality, as well as in the velocity prediction of low-amplitude structures. In general, all these methods alter the reflection coefficient, thus preventing precise analysis of the weakly interfering waveforms within the reservoir. This significantly limits the prediction of thin reservoirs and hinders the effective exploration and development of oil and gas resources. Summary of the Invention

[0008] One objective of this invention is to eliminate the influence of methods such as strong stretching or compression and time difference uniform compensation on the fine calibration of synthetic records, and to ensure that the relative relationship of the reflected energy of the well seismic wave group and the reflection coefficient remain unchanged, thereby fundamentally eliminating the time accumulation error and wave group frequency change error caused by the absorption effect of the formation "time-frequency attenuation", thus proposing a high-precision cross-scale high-precision synthetic record calibration method.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a calibration apparatus for multi-scale synthetic recordings with frequency-varying attenuation. A further object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the aforementioned calibration method for multi-scale synthetic recordings with frequency-varying attenuation. A further object of the present invention is to provide a readable medium storing a computer program thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the aforementioned calibration method for multi-scale synthetic recordings with frequency-varying attenuation.

[0010] To address the technical problems in the background section of this application, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for calibrating a multi-scale synthetic record with frequency-varying attenuation, comprising:

[0012] A wavelet library is generated based on the seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different locations and times;

[0013] Frequency-varying attenuated wavelets are generated based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions;

[0014] A time-frequency composite record is generated based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein, the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging composite record and the seismic record, the well logging composite record being generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record being generated from the seismic data;

[0015] The well logging data and the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthetic record.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, generating a wavelet library based on seismic data from the target work area includes:

[0017] The seismic data is subjected to a generalized S-transform to generate the sub-wavelength library.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, generating a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function includes:

[0019] A decay function is generated based on the wavelet library; wherein the decay function is used to characterize the relationship between the dominant frequency and / or frequency of the plurality of wavelets and time.

[0020] The frequency-varying attenuation wavelet is generated based on the attenuation function and the wavelet function.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, a time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient, including:

[0022] Reflection coefficients are generated based on well logging data;

[0023] A time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, generating a time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0025] An initial time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient and the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet;

[0026] The variable time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the velocity attenuation coefficient and the initial variable time-frequency synthesis record.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the step of generating the velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0028] The well logging composite record is generated based on the well logging data;

[0029] The transit time of the well logging composite record is generated based on the seismic record and the well logging composite record.

[0030] The velocity attenuation coefficient is generated based on the transit time, the well logging composite record, and the seismic record.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for calibrating a multi-scale synthetic record with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0032] The multiple seismic wave groups in the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthesized record.

[0033] The wavelet function is a broadband wavelet function.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a multi-scale synthetic recording calibration device for frequency-varying attenuation, the device comprising:

[0035] A wavelet library generation module is used to generate a wavelet library based on seismic data of the target work area; wherein, the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different positions and times;

[0036] A frequency-varying attenuated wavelet generation module is used to generate a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function.

[0037] A variable time-frequency synthetic record generation module is used to generate a variable time-frequency synthetic record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuated wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein, the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic record and the seismic record, the well logging synthetic record is generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record is generated from the seismic data;

[0038] The data calibration module is used to calibrate the well logging data and the seismic data based on the variable time-frequency synthetic record.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sub-wavelength library generation module includes:

[0040] The wavelet library generation unit is used to perform a generalized S-transform on the seismic data to generate the wavelet library.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet generation module includes:

[0042] The attenuation function generation unit is used to generate an attenuation function based on the wavelet library; wherein the attenuation function is used to characterize the relationship between the dominant frequency and / or frequency of the plurality of wavelets and time.

[0043] A frequency-varying attenuation wavelet generation unit is used to generate the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet according to the attenuation function and the wavelet function.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the variable time-frequency synthesis record generation module includes:

[0045] The reflection coefficient generation unit is used to generate reflection coefficients based on well logging data;

[0046] The variable time-frequency synthesis record generation unit is used to generate a variable time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the variable time-frequency synthesis recording generation unit includes:

[0048] An initial synthesis record generation unit is used to generate an initial time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient and the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet.

[0049] The final synthesis record generation unit is used to generate the time-frequency synthesis record based on the velocity attenuation coefficient and the initial time-frequency synthesis record.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, a multi-scale synthesis recording calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0051] A decay coefficient generation module, used to generate the velocity decay coefficient; the decay coefficient generation module includes:

[0052] A well logging composite record generation unit is used to generate the well logging composite record based on the well logging data;

[0053] The transit time generation unit is used to generate the transit time of the well logging composite record based on the seismic record and the well logging composite record;

[0054] The attenuation coefficient generation unit is used to generate the velocity attenuation coefficient based on the transit time, the well logging composite record, and the seismic record.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, a multi-scale synthesis recording calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0056] A seismic wave group calibration module is used to calibrate multiple seismic wave groups in the seismic data based on the variable time-frequency synthetic record;

[0057] The wavelet function is a broadband wavelet function.

[0058] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including a computer program / instruction, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation.

[0059] Fourthly, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation.

[0060] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation.

[0061] As described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation. The corresponding method for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation includes: first, generating a wavelet library based on seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the positions and times corresponding to the multiple wavelets are different; next, generating frequency-varying attenuated wavelets based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions; generating time-frequency synthetic records based on well logging data, frequency-varying attenuated wavelets, and pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficients; wherein the velocity attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic records and the seismic records, the well logging synthetic records are generated from well logging data, and the seismic records are generated from seismic data; finally, calibrating the well logging data and the seismic data based on the time-frequency synthetic records.

[0062] The corresponding frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic record calibration device includes: a wavelet library generation module, used to generate a wavelet library based on seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the positions and times corresponding to the multiple wavelets are different; a frequency-varying attenuation wavelet generation module, used to generate frequency-varying attenuation wavelets based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions; a time-frequency synthetic record generation module, used to generate time-frequency synthetic records based on well logging data, frequency-varying attenuation wavelets, and pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficients; wherein the velocity attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic records and the seismic records, the well logging synthetic records are generated from well logging data, and the seismic records are generated from seismic data; and a data calibration module, used to calibrate the well logging data and seismic data based on the time-frequency synthetic records.

[0063] In summary, this invention utilizes velocity attenuation to solve the time matching problem of shallow, intermediate, and deep reservoirs during well seismic travel, and employs frequency-varying attenuated wavelets to address cross-scale frequency-varying wave group calibration and fine calibration of thin and thick reservoirs. This method helps verify the rationality of geological stratification, improves the accuracy of reservoir reflection interface calibration and interpretation, facilitates detailed analysis and dissection of internal reservoir interference characteristics, and effectively improves the calibration efficiency and accuracy of subsequent inversion. Attached Figure Description

[0064] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 2This is a flowchart illustrating step 200 of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating step 300 of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method with frequency-varying attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another process for a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method with frequency-varying attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating step 500 of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating step 302 of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method with frequency-varying attenuation in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 7 A mind map illustrating a multi-scale synthetic recording calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating a multi-scale synthetic recording calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of seismic wavelets at different times and locations in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the changes in seismic wavelet frequency and energy over time in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of the dominant frequency of the seismic wavelet over time in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 12 This is a comparison diagram of the effects of the frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic record calibration method provided in this application and conventional methods in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 13 This is a block diagram of a multi-scale synthesis recording calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0079] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0081] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses. Without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0082] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in this application comply with relevant laws and regulations.

[0083] Example 1:

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention provide a specific implementation of a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 Specifically, it includes the following:

[0085] Step 100: Generate a wavelet library based on the seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different locations and times;

[0086] Step 200: Generate a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on the wavelet library and the preset wavelet function;

[0087] Step 300: Generate a time-frequency composite record based on the well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein, the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging composite record and the seismic record, the well logging composite record is generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record is generated from the seismic data;

[0088] Step 400: Calibrate the well logging data and the seismic data based on the variable time-frequency synthetic record.

[0089] As described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation, comprising: first, generating a wavelet library based on seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the positions and times corresponding to the multiple wavelets are different; next, generating frequency-varying attenuated wavelets based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function; generating a time-frequency synthetic record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuated wavelets, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic record and the seismic record, the well logging synthetic record being generated from well logging data, and the seismic record being generated from seismic data; and finally, calibrating the well logging data and the seismic data based on the time-frequency synthetic record.

[0090] In summary, this invention utilizes velocity attenuation to solve the time matching problem of shallow, intermediate, and deep reservoirs during well seismic travel, and employs frequency-varying attenuated wavelets to address cross-scale frequency-varying wave group calibration and fine calibration of thin and thick reservoirs. This method helps verify the rationality of geological stratification, improves the accuracy of reservoir reflection interface calibration and interpretation, facilitates detailed analysis and dissection of internal reservoir interference characteristics, and effectively improves the calibration efficiency and accuracy of subsequent inversion.

[0091] Example 2:

[0092] For step 100, a seismic wavelet is a signal with a definite start time, finite energy, and a certain duration; it is the basic unit in a seismic record. The seismic wave generated when an earthquake source is excited is only a very short-duration sharp pulse. As the sharp pulse propagates in the viscoelastic medium, the high-frequency components of the sharp pulse decay rapidly, and the waveform grows accordingly, thus forming a seismic wavelet. A seismic wavelet generally has a duration of 2 to 3 phases, approximately 90 ms, and then propagates underground in the form of a seismic wavelet.

[0093] Furthermore, the seismic wavelet is an important component of the seismic record convolution model. It represents the far-field time-domain response of particle velocity or pressure, recorded by the receiver (land-based geophone or marine pressure sensor), as seismic energy propagates from the hypocenter through complex underground paths to the receiver. A seismic wavelet consists of seismic pulses with two to three or more phases, and can be defined by its amplitude spectrum and phase spectrum. The phase spectrum can be zero-phase, constant-phase, minimum-phase, mixed-phase, etc.

[0094] In this application, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet is limited in the following ways: due to the absorption and attenuation of the strata, the theoretical wavelet with fixed propagation parameters cannot reasonably simulate the actual time and frequency changes during its propagation in the actual strata; while the time-frequency variable wavelet refers to the more reasonable and objective simulation of the propagation law of seismic wavelets in the strata by innovatively introducing parameters such as velocity-time attenuation and frequency-time attenuation into the theoretical wavelet formula and convolving them with the reflection coefficient in the time domain.

[0095] Preferably, the wavelet function in step 200 can be a broadband wavelet function.

[0096] For step 300, the steps for synthesizing the well logging record include: First, collecting sonic log and density log data. Next, calculating the sonic impedance (the product of formation density and sound velocity) based on the sonic and density log data. This parameter is crucial for synthesizing the seismic record because seismic wave reflection primarily occurs at interfaces where sonic impedance changes. Selecting a suitable wavelet (such as the Ricker wavelet), which should be as close as possible to the source wavelet used in actual seismic data. Finally, using the sonic impedance, calculating the reflection coefficient at each formation interface, which represents the ability of seismic waves to reflect between two different formations. Convolving the calculated reflection coefficient with the selected wavelet generates the synthesized seismic record. This convolution process simulates the actual reflection process of seismic waves within subsurface structures.

[0097] In addition, this application has the following limitations on the variable time-frequency synthetic record in step 300: using variable time-frequency wavelets with velocity-time decay and frequency-time decay as input, and using the reflection coefficient formed by well logging data, the mapping relationship between well logging time and seismic reflection time and variable time-frequency wavelets is adjusted synchronously, and a cross-scale high-precision synthetic seismic record matching the shallow, medium and deep layers with seismic frequency, energy, phase, waveform, etc. is obtained through convolution operation.

[0098] Understandably, step 400 not only solves the problems of shallow, intermediate, and deep-layer time matching during well seismic travel, cross-scale frequency-varying wave group calibration, and fine calibration of thin and thick reservoirs, but also helps to verify the rationality of geological stratification, improve the accuracy of reservoir reflection interface calibration and interpretation, facilitates fine analysis and dissection of internal reservoir interference characteristics, and effectively improves the calibration efficiency and accuracy of subsequent inversion.

[0099] In addition, it should be noted that the variable time-frequency synthetic record in step 400 can not only calibrate the well-seismic time and depth (calibrate between well logging data and seismic data), but also perform high-precision calibration between seismic wave groups.

[0100] In some embodiments of the present invention, step 100 includes:

[0101] The seismic data is subjected to a generalized S-transform to generate the sub-wavelength library.

[0102] Specifically, the generalized S-transform formula for wavelets at different positions and in different layers is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] In the formula: τ represents time, ms; f represents frequency, Hz; rgs and ρ are frequency and Gaussian window function size adjustment parameters; GST[x(τ,f)] represents the generalized S-transform of x(t).

[0105] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 2 Step 200 includes:

[0106] Step 201: Generate an attenuation function based on the wavelet library; wherein the attenuation function is used to characterize the relationship between the dominant frequency and / or frequency of the plurality of wavelets and time.

[0107] Specifically, based on the obtained relationship between time, frequency, and energy changes, a decay function for the wavelet's dominant frequency / frequency as a function of time is established. The fitting formula for the "time-frequency variable" wavelet after exponential decay fitting is as follows:

[0108] f0 = H f +klnt………………(2)

[0109] In the formula: f0 represents the time-varying dominant frequency of the wavelet, in Hz; H f denoted by , representing the initial highest cutoff frequency of the wavelet, in Hz; k represents the fitting coefficient, dimensionless; t represents time, in seconds; lnt represents the logarithmic decay over time.

[0110] Step 202: Generate the frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on the attenuation function and the wavelet function.

[0111] Specifically, assuming the wavelet function in step 202 is a broadband wavelet function, then the broadband wavelet function is:

[0112]

[0113] Substituting equation (2) into equation (3), we obtain the fitting formula for the "variable time-frequency" wavelet after the exponential decay fitting:

[0114]

[0115] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 3 Step 300 includes:

[0116] Step 301: Generate reflection coefficients based on well logging data;

[0117] Preferably, the logging data in step 301 includes sonic logging data and density logging data:

[0118] Sonic logging: Records the speed at which sound waves pass through the formation, used to assess the hardness and porosity of rocks.

[0119] Density logging: measures the density of a formation, which can be used to estimate the porosity of rocks and the type of fluids.

[0120] The method for determining the reflection coefficient using well logging acoustic waves and density curves is as follows:

[0121]

[0122] In the formula: R i ρ represents the reflection coefficient between surrounding rocks. i V represents the density of the formation. i Represents the formation velocity, Δt i represents the time difference of sound waves in the strata, i∈(1,2,3,...N), where N is a natural number.

[0123] Step 302: Generate a time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient.

[0124] In some embodiments of the present invention, before step 301, it is also necessary to eliminate the influence of wellbore enlargement or reduction on density, velocity, and acoustic frequency jump artifacts to ensure the reliability of the reflection coefficient obtained from logging velocity and density.

[0125] Understandably, changes in wellbore size can significantly impact logging data, particularly density logging, sonic logging (sonic velocity), and sonic frequency data, potentially leading to artifacts or misinterpretations in data interpretation.

[0126] Density logging effects: As the wellbore enlarges, the gap between the logging tool and the wellbore increases, leading to lower rock density readings from density logging tools (such as gamma densitometers). This is because radiation absorption and scattering are reduced in larger gaps, affecting the count rate recorded by the logging tool. Conversely, a narrower wellbore may result in a tighter contact between the tool and the wellbore, theoretically leading to higher density readings. However, in practice, abnormal readings are more commonly caused by poor contact or mud compaction.

[0127] Effects of acoustic logging: Enlarged wellbore can lengthen the propagation path of acoustic waves in acoustic logging, resulting in more significant attenuation of acoustic waves in a larger space. This affects the measured sound velocity, typically causing a significant decrease. An enlarged wellbore can also weaken the signal strength recorded by acoustic logging, making the arrival time of acoustic waves less obvious and increasing the difficulty of identifying the true arrival of waves.

[0128] Acoustic cycle skipping artifact: When performing frequency analysis with acoustic logging tools, the non-uniformity of the wellbore size may cause enhanced reflection or refraction of the signal at certain frequencies, which may be mistaken for changes in formation properties.

[0129] In areas where wellbore size changes abruptly, the frequency response of acoustic waves may exhibit abnormal jumps. If the change in wellbore size is not taken into account, this phenomenon may be mistaken for an indication of formation interfaces or other geological features.

[0130] Caliper log data is used to correct other logging data. Caliper logs provide accurate measurements of the wellbore diameter, helping to identify which data may be affected by wellbore diameter variations. Additionally, highly interference-resistant sonic logging tools or improved measurement techniques can be used to reduce the impact of wellbore size variations on measurement results.

[0131] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 4 A method for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation also includes:

[0132] Step 500: Generate the velocity attenuation coefficient, then refer to... Figure 5 Step 500 includes:

[0133] Step 501: Generate the well logging composite record based on the well logging data;

[0134] Step 502: Generate the transit time of the well logging composite record based on the seismic record and the well logging composite record;

[0135] Specifically, let the seismic signal sequence be T seismic (A total of R sampling points), the synthesized recorded signal sequence is T. sonic(A total of S sampling points), and the sampling rate of both signals is f. s For T sonic The values ​​are taken symmetrically from front to back, and the pre-reference sequence is obtained with the center point S / 2 as the center. (K sampling points), using the relevant formula, we get:

[0136]

[0137] In the formula: τ K It is the cross-correlation value of the pre-reference sequence; n is the sequence number of the starting sampling point in the received signal participating in the calculation; T s It is the time interval between seismic signal sampling points.

[0138] When n takes values ​​that iterate through all (SK) of the first receivers, the maximum correlation value τ is calculated. Kmax and related point number n Kmax Thus, the transit time n of the synthetic record drift is obtained. Kmax T s .

[0139] Step 503: Generate the velocity attenuation coefficient based on the transit time, the well logging composite record, and the seismic record.

[0140] Based on step 502, the well-seismic velocity attenuation coefficient (the stretching factor between logging and seismic time) Q is obtained. i for:

[0141]

[0142] V i Seismic =V i Sonic ·Q……………………(8)

[0143] In some embodiments of the present invention, see Figure 6 Step 302 includes:

[0144] Step 3021: Generate an initial time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient and the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet;

[0145] According to the principle of seismic signal convolution, substituting (5) and (4) into the convolution formula, the time-frequency composite record based on well logging (i.e., the initial time-frequency composite record in step 3021) S well (t) can be expressed as:

[0146]

[0147] Step 3022: Generate the variable time-frequency synthesis record based on the velocity attenuation coefficient and the initial variable time-frequency synthesis record.

[0148] Substituting the well-seismic velocity attenuation coefficient (7) into (9), the formula for the time-varying time-matched variable-frequency synthetic record S(t) is:

[0149]

[0150] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for calibrating a multi-scale synthetic record with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0151] The multiple seismic wave groups in the seismic data are calibrated according to the time-frequency synthesis record; and the wavelet function in step 200 is a broadband wavelet function.

[0152] As described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation, comprising: first, generating a wavelet library based on seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the positions and times corresponding to the multiple wavelets are different; next, generating frequency-varying attenuated wavelets based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function; generating a time-frequency synthetic record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuated wavelets, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic record and the seismic record, the well logging synthetic record being generated from well logging data, and the seismic record being generated from seismic data; and finally, calibrating the well logging data and the seismic data based on the time-frequency synthetic record.

[0153] In summary, this invention first performs environmental correction based on well logging data to eliminate the impact of wellbore enlargement or reduction on density, velocity, and acoustic cycle skipping on the calculation of reflection coefficients. Next, it uses seismic data and employs a generalized S-transform to obtain wavelets at different times and locations, establishing a wavelet library. Based on the time, frequency, and energy variation relationships within the wavelet library, an exponential function for seismic wavelet attenuation is established. This attenuation function is then substituted into a broadband wavelet function to establish a variable-time-frequency broadband seismic wavelet, which is then convolved with the reflection coefficient to obtain the initial variable-time-frequency synthetic record. Simultaneously, to address the time matching problem between the multi-scale, multi-segment synthetic record and the seismic record, a cross-correlation function is used to obtain the attenuation coefficient of well-seismic velocity. This attenuation coefficient is substituted into the variable-time-frequency seismic wavelet function to obtain a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on velocity attenuation, resulting in a variable-time-frequency synthetic record based on velocity attenuation. This achieves high-precision calibration between well-seismic time-depth and seismic wave groups.

[0154] Example 3:

[0155] To further illustrate the solution, this invention also provides a specific implementation method for a multi-scale synthetic record calibration method with frequency-varying attenuation, using specific seismic data and well logging data as examples, which specifically includes the following content.

[0156] The method includes the following steps:

[0157] ①: Wellbore environment correction.

[0158] ②: Establish a sub-wavelength library.

[0159] ③: Establish an exponential decay function.

[0160] ④: Establish a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet.

[0161] ⑤: Generate reflection coefficient:

[0162] ⑥: Generate attenuation coefficient.

[0163] ⑦: Generate a decaying steady-state time-frequency synthesized record.

[0164] See Figure 7 In the above steps, firstly, environmental correction is performed based on well logging data to eliminate the influence of wellbore enlargement or reduction on density, velocity, and acoustic cycle jumps on the calculation of reflection coefficients. Next, a wavelet library is established by using generalized S-transform to obtain wavelets at different times and locations from seismic data. Based on the time, frequency, and energy variation relationships within the wavelet library, an exponential function for seismic wavelet attenuation is established. This attenuation function is then substituted into a broadband wavelet function to establish a variable-time-frequency broadband seismic wavelet, which is then convolved with the reflection coefficient to obtain the initial variable-time-frequency synthetic record. Simultaneously, to address the time matching problem between the multi-scale, multi-segment synthetic record and the seismic record, a cross-correlation function is used to obtain the attenuation coefficient of well-seismic velocity. This attenuation coefficient is substituted into the variable-time-frequency seismic wavelet function to obtain a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on velocity attenuation, resulting in a variable-time-frequency synthetic record based on velocity attenuation. This achieves high-precision calibration between well-seismic depth and seismic wave groups.

[0165] See Figure 8 Taking actual seismic and well logging data from a certain block as an example, this paper describes the generation of synthetic record calibration and related applications according to steps ① to ⑦, specifically including the following steps:

[0166] S1: As Figure 9 As shown, wavelet libraries at different locations and times are extracted from seismic profile data.

[0167] S2: Establish an attenuation function based on the relationship between the energy, frequency, and time of the seismic wavelet library and the seismic waves.

[0168] The changes in seismic wavelet frequency and energy over time obtained from the attenuation function are as follows: Figure 10 , Figure 11 And as shown in Table 1.

[0169] Table 1. Variation of seismic wavelet dominant frequency over time.

[0170]

[0171] according to Figure 11 By fitting the relationship in the equation, the decay function is obtained:

[0172] f0=201.1-21ln(t)…………(11)

[0173] S3: Establish a variable time-frequency broadband wavelet with velocity decay.

[0174] Step S3 can be performed using the following formula:

[0175] S(t)=[1-2(πt i Q i (201.1-21lnt i )) 2 ]exp[-(πt i Q i (201.1 s -21lnt i )) 2 ]*R(t i Q i (12)

[0176] The parameters and calibration results are as follows: Figure 12 As shown. Among them, Figure 12 Parts a and c in the diagram represent the changes in acoustic time difference before and after velocity attenuation, while part b is the attenuation coefficient curve obtained based on this velocity change. Part f is a cross-scale frequency-varying high-precision synthetic record obtained by convolving the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet based on velocity attenuation with the reflection coefficient in part d. Part G is the cross-scale calibration result of the traditional method, which also suffers from the problem of mismatch between wave group frequency and time depth.

[0177] As described above, the specific embodiments of the present invention provide a method for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation, comprising: first, generating a wavelet library based on seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the positions and times corresponding to the multiple wavelets are different; next, generating frequency-varying attenuated wavelets based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions; generating time-frequency synthetic records based on well logging data, frequency-varying attenuated wavelets, and pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficients; wherein the velocity attenuation coefficients are used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic records and the seismic records, the well logging synthetic records are generated from well logging data, and the seismic records are generated from seismic data; finally, calibrating the well logging data and the seismic data based on the time-frequency synthetic records.

[0178] This invention provides a high-precision, multi-scale synthetic record calibration method to eliminate the influence of methods such as strong stretching or compression and uniform time difference compensation on the fine calibration of synthetic records, and to ensure that the relative relationship of the reflected energy of the well seismic wave group and the reflection coefficient remain unchanged, thereby fundamentally eliminating the time accumulation error and wave group frequency change error caused by the absorption effect of the formation and "time-frequency attenuation".

[0179] The aforementioned high-precision cross-scale synthetic record calibration method first performs environmental correction based on well logging data to eliminate the influence of wellbore enlargement or reduction on density, velocity, and acoustic cycle jumps on the calculation of reflection coefficients. It then uses seismic data and employs a generalized S-transform to obtain wavelets at different times and locations, establishing a wavelet library. Based on the time, frequency, and energy variation relationships within the wavelet library, an exponential function for seismic wavelet attenuation is established. This attenuation function is substituted into a broadband wavelet function to establish a variable-time-frequency broadband seismic wavelet, which is then convolved with the reflection coefficient to obtain the initial variable-time-frequency synthetic record. Simultaneously, to address the time matching problem between the cross-scale, multi-segment synthetic record and the seismic record, a cross-correlation function is used to obtain the attenuation coefficient of well-seismic velocity. This attenuation coefficient is substituted into the variable-time-frequency seismic wavelet function to obtain a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on velocity attenuation, resulting in a variable-time-frequency synthetic record based on velocity attenuation. This achieves high-precision calibration between well-seismic time-depth and seismic wave groups.

[0180] Example 4:

[0181] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic recording calibration device, which can be used to implement the method described in the above embodiments, as shown in the following embodiments. Since the principle of the frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic recording calibration device is similar to that of the frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic recording calibration method, the implementation of the frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic recording calibration device can refer to the implementation of the frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic recording calibration method, and repeated details will not be elaborated further. As used below, the terms "unit" or "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the system described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0182] The embodiments of the present invention provide a specific implementation of a frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic recording calibration device capable of realizing a frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic recording calibration method, see below. Figure 13 A multi-scale synthetic recording calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation, comprising:

[0183] The wavelet library generation module 10 is used to generate a wavelet library based on the seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different positions and times;

[0184] Frequency-varying attenuation wavelet generation module 20 is used to generate frequency-varying attenuation wavelets according to the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions;

[0185] The variable time-frequency synthetic record generation module 30 is used to generate a variable time-frequency synthetic record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuated wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic record and the seismic record, the well logging synthetic record is generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record is generated from the seismic data;

[0186] The data calibration module 40 is used to calibrate the well logging data and the seismic data based on the variable time-frequency synthetic record.

[0187] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sub-wavelength library generation module includes:

[0188] The wavelet library generation unit is used to perform a generalized S-transform on the seismic data to generate the wavelet library.

[0189] In some embodiments of the present invention, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet generation module includes:

[0190] The attenuation function generation unit is used to generate an attenuation function based on the wavelet library; wherein the attenuation function is used to characterize the relationship between the dominant frequency and / or frequency of the plurality of wavelets and time.

[0191] A frequency-varying attenuation wavelet generation unit is used to generate the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet according to the attenuation function and the wavelet function.

[0192] In some embodiments of the present invention, the variable time-frequency synthesis record generation module includes:

[0193] The reflection coefficient generation unit is used to generate reflection coefficients based on well logging data;

[0194] The variable time-frequency synthesis record generation unit is used to generate a variable time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient.

[0195] In some embodiments of the present invention, the variable time-frequency synthesis recording generation unit includes:

[0196] An initial synthesis record generation unit is used to generate an initial time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient and the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet.

[0197] The final synthesis record generation unit is used to generate the time-frequency synthesis record based on the velocity attenuation coefficient and the initial time-frequency synthesis record.

[0198] In some embodiments of the present invention, a multi-scale synthesis recording calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0199] A decay coefficient generation module, used to generate the velocity decay coefficient; the decay coefficient generation module includes:

[0200] A well logging composite record generation unit is used to generate the well logging composite record based on the well logging data;

[0201] The transit time generation unit is used to generate the transit time of the well logging composite record based on the seismic record and the well logging composite record;

[0202] The attenuation coefficient generation unit is used to generate the velocity attenuation coefficient based on the transit time, the well logging composite record, and the seismic record.

[0203] In some embodiments of the present invention, a multi-scale synthesis recording calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0204] A seismic wave group calibration module is used to calibrate multiple seismic wave groups in the seismic data based on the variable time-frequency synthetic record;

[0205] The wavelet function is a broadband wavelet function.

[0206] As described above, embodiments of the present invention provide a multi-scale synthetic record calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation, comprising: a wavelet library generation module, used to generate a wavelet library based on seismic data of a target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the positions and times corresponding to the multiple wavelets are different; a frequency-varying attenuation wavelet generation module, used to generate frequency-varying attenuation wavelets based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function; a time-frequency synthetic record generation module, used to generate a time-frequency synthetic record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelets, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic record and the seismic record, the well logging synthetic record is generated from well logging data, and the seismic record is generated from seismic data; and a data calibration module, used to calibrate the well logging data and the seismic data based on the time-frequency synthetic record.

[0207] In summary, this invention utilizes velocity attenuation to solve the time matching problem of shallow, intermediate, and deep reservoirs during well seismic travel, and employs frequency-varying attenuated wavelets to address cross-scale frequency-varying wave group calibration and fine calibration of thin and thick reservoirs. This method helps verify the rationality of geological stratification, improves the accuracy of reservoir reflection interface calibration and interpretation, facilitates detailed analysis and dissection of internal reservoir interference characteristics, and effectively improves the calibration efficiency and accuracy of subsequent inversion.

[0208] Example 5:

[0209] This application also provides a specific implementation of an electronic device capable of implementing all steps in the multi-scale synthetic recording calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation described in the above embodiments. See [link to implementation details]. Figure 14 The electronic devices specifically include the following:

[0210] Processor 1201, memory 1202, communications interface 1203, and bus 1204;

[0211] The processor 1201, memory 1202, and communication interface 1203 communicate with each other via bus 1204; the communication interface 1203 is used to realize information transmission between server-side devices and client-side devices and other related devices.

[0212] The processor 1201 is used to call the computer program in the memory 1202. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements all the steps in the frequency-varying attenuation multi-scale synthetic record calibration method in the above embodiments. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the following steps:

[0213] A wavelet library is generated based on the seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different locations and times;

[0214] Frequency-varying attenuated wavelets are generated based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions;

[0215] A time-frequency composite record is generated based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein, the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging composite record and the seismic record, the well logging composite record being generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record being generated from the seismic data;

[0216] The well logging data and the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthetic record.

[0217] In one embodiment, generating a wavelet library based on seismic data from the target work area includes:

[0218] The seismic data is subjected to a generalized S-transform to generate the sub-wavelength library.

[0219] In one embodiment, generating a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function includes:

[0220] A decay function is generated based on the wavelet library; wherein the decay function is used to characterize the relationship between the dominant frequency and / or frequency of the plurality of wavelets and time.

[0221] The frequency-varying attenuation wavelet is generated based on the attenuation function and the wavelet function.

[0222] In one embodiment, generating a time-frequency composite record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0223] Reflection coefficients are generated based on well logging data;

[0224] A time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient.

[0225] In one embodiment, generating a time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0226] An initial time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient and the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet;

[0227] The variable time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the velocity attenuation coefficient and the initial variable time-frequency synthesis record.

[0228] In one embodiment, the step of generating the velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0229] The well logging composite record is generated based on the well logging data;

[0230] The transit time of the well logging composite record is generated based on the seismic record and the well logging composite record.

[0231] The velocity attenuation coefficient is generated based on the transit time, the well logging composite record, and the seismic record.

[0232] In one embodiment, a method for calibrating a multi-scale synthetic record with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0233] The multiple seismic wave groups in the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthesized record.

[0234] The wavelet function is a broadband wavelet function.

[0235] Example 6:

[0236] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium capable of implementing all steps of the multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation in the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements all steps of the multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation in the above embodiments. For example, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the following steps:

[0237] A wavelet library is generated based on the seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different locations and times;

[0238] Frequency-varying attenuated wavelets are generated based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions;

[0239] A time-frequency composite record is generated based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein, the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging composite record and the seismic record, the well logging composite record being generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record being generated from the seismic data;

[0240] The well logging data and the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthetic record.

[0241] In one embodiment, generating a wavelet library based on seismic data from the target work area includes:

[0242] The seismic data is subjected to a generalized S-transform to generate the sub-wavelength library.

[0243] In one embodiment, generating a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function includes:

[0244] A decay function is generated based on the wavelet library; wherein the decay function is used to characterize the relationship between the dominant frequency and / or frequency of the plurality of wavelets and time.

[0245] The frequency-varying attenuation wavelet is generated based on the attenuation function and the wavelet function.

[0246] In one embodiment, generating a time-frequency composite record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0247] Reflection coefficients are generated based on well logging data;

[0248] A time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient.

[0249] In one embodiment, generating a time-frequency synthesis record based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0250] An initial time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient and the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet;

[0251] The variable time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the velocity attenuation coefficient and the initial variable time-frequency synthesis record.

[0252] In one embodiment, the step of generating the velocity attenuation coefficient includes:

[0253] The well logging composite record is generated based on the well logging data;

[0254] The transit time of the well logging composite record is generated based on the seismic record and the well logging composite record.

[0255] The velocity attenuation coefficient is generated based on the transit time, the well logging composite record, and the seismic record.

[0256] In one embodiment, a method for calibrating a multi-scale synthetic record with frequency-varying attenuation further includes:

[0257] The multiple seismic wave groups in the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthesized record.

[0258] The wavelet function is a broadband wavelet function.

[0259] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, hardware + program embodiments are relatively simple in description because they are fundamentally similar to method embodiments; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0260] The foregoing has described specific embodiments of this specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than that shown in the embodiments and may still achieve the desired result. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are possible or may be advantageous.

[0261] While this application provides method operation steps as shown in the embodiments or flowcharts, more or fewer operation steps may be included based on conventional or non-inventive labor. The order of steps listed in the embodiments is merely one possible execution order among many and does not represent the only execution order. In actual device or client product execution, the method can be executed sequentially as shown in the embodiments or drawings, or in parallel (e.g., in a parallel processor or multi-threaded processing environment).

[0262] For ease of description, the above devices are described in terms of function, divided into various modules. Of course, in implementing the embodiments of this specification, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware components, or a module that performs the same function can be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division; in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, or indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0263] Those skilled in the art will also know that, besides implementing the controller using purely computer-readable program code, the same functions can be achieved by logically programming the method steps, making the controller function as logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and embedded microcontrollers. Therefore, such a controller can be considered a hardware component, and the devices within it used to implement various functions can also be considered structures within that hardware component. Alternatively, the devices used to implement various functions can be considered as both software modules implementing the method and structures within a hardware component.

[0264] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0265] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0266] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, system embodiments are basically similar to method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments in this specification. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0267] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present specification and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present specification. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present specification should be included within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.

Claims

1. A method for calibrating multi-scale synthetic records with frequency-varying attenuation, characterized in that, include: A wavelet library is generated based on the seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different locations and times; Frequency-varying attenuated wavelets are generated based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions; A time-frequency composite record is generated based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein, the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging composite record and the seismic record, the well logging composite record being generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record being generated from the seismic data; The well logging data and the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthetic record.

2. The multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation of the wavelet library based on the seismic data of the target work area includes: The seismic data is subjected to a generalized S-transform to generate the sub-wavelength library.

3. The multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Generate frequency-varying attenuated wavelets based on the wavelet library and preset wavelet functions, including: A decay function is generated based on the wavelet library; wherein the decay function is used to characterize the relationship between the dominant frequency and / or frequency of the plurality of wavelets and time. The frequency-varying attenuation wavelet is generated based on the attenuation function and the wavelet function.

4. The multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient, a time-frequency composite record is generated, including: Reflection coefficients are generated based on well logging data; A time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient.

5. The multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to claim 4, characterized in that, A time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient, the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet, and the pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient, including: An initial time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the reflection coefficient and the frequency-varying attenuation wavelet; The variable time-frequency synthesis record is generated based on the velocity attenuation coefficient and the initial variable time-frequency synthesis record.

6. The method for calibrating a multi-scale synthetic record with frequency-varying attenuation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The steps for generating the velocity attenuation coefficient include: The well logging composite record is generated based on the well logging data; The transit time of the well logging composite record is generated based on the seismic record and the well logging composite record. The velocity attenuation coefficient is generated based on the transit time, the well logging composite record, and the seismic record.

7. The multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The multiple seismic wave groups in the seismic data are calibrated based on the time-frequency synthesized record. The wavelet function is a broadband wavelet function.

8. A multi-scale synthesis recording calibration device with frequency-varying attenuation, characterized in that, include: A wavelet library generation module is used to generate a wavelet library based on seismic data of the target work area; wherein the wavelet library contains multiple wavelets, and the multiple wavelets correspond to different locations and times; A frequency-varying attenuated wavelet generation module is used to generate a frequency-varying attenuated wavelet based on the wavelet library and a preset wavelet function. A variable time-frequency synthetic record generation module is used to generate a variable time-frequency synthetic record based on well logging data, the frequency-varying attenuated wavelet, and a pre-generated velocity attenuation coefficient; wherein, the velocity attenuation coefficient is used to characterize the time matching degree between the well logging synthetic record and the seismic record, the well logging synthetic record is generated from the well logging data, and the seismic record is generated from the seismic data; The data calibration module is used to calibrate the well logging data and the seismic data based on the variable time-frequency synthetic record.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the multi-scale synthetic record calibration method for frequency-varying attenuation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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