Temperature control method for annealing tin-plating machine and annealing tin-plating machine

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of annealing tinning machines, and particularly relates to an annealing tinning machine temperature control method and an annealing tinning machine. The method comprises the steps that the real-time surface temperature of a metal wire after heating in the annealing process is obtained; obtaining a first area according to the real-time surface temperature; obtaining a first region feature according to the first region; under the condition that the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified according to the first region characteristics, obtaining a temperature diffusion speed according to the first region; obtaining a second area according to the first area and the temperature diffusion speed; obtaining a first temperature characteristic according to the second area; and under the condition that the area of the second area is larger than the first area threshold value, the equipment parameters of the annealing tinning machine are adjusted according to the first temperature characteristic. Therefore, the temperature control method of the annealing tinning machine can improve the problem of unstable processing quality caused by uneven surface temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of annealing tin plating machines, and particularly relates to a temperature control method for annealing tin plating machines and an annealing tin plating machine. Background Technology

[0002] An annealing tin plating machine is an industrial equipment that integrates the annealing and softening of metal materials (such as copper wire) with tin plating. Its core function is to optimize material properties and enhance surface functions by precisely controlling the heating, cooling and tin plating processes.

[0003] In existing technologies, uneven temperature distribution on the surface of metal wires during annealing tin plating can lead to localized overheating or underheating, resulting in the following problems: excessively thick tin layers in high-temperature areas and excessively thin tin layers in low-temperature areas, even causing plating peeling or voids; insufficient annealing can lead to inconsistent material hardness and toughness, affecting the stability of subsequent processing; and overheated areas on the metal wire surface may accelerate material oxidation, reducing corrosion resistance. Therefore, the current annealing tin plating production process suffers from unstable processing quality due to uneven surface temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a temperature control method and an annealing tin plating machine, which can solve the problem of unstable processing quality caused by uneven surface temperature.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine, including: Obtain the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after heating during the annealing process; A first region is obtained based on the real-time surface temperature; wherein, the first region includes a high-temperature region and / or a low-temperature region; The first region features are obtained based on the first region; wherein, the first region features include at least one of the area, average temperature, and extreme temperature of the first region; If the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be acceptable based on the characteristics of the first region, the temperature diffusion rate is obtained based on the first region. A second region is obtained based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate; wherein the second region is obtained by expanding the first region; A first temperature feature is obtained based on the second region; wherein, the first temperature feature includes at least one of the average temperature and the temperature fluctuation frequency of the second region; When the area of ​​the second region is greater than the first area threshold, the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine are adjusted according to the first temperature characteristic; wherein, the equipment parameters include at least one of the heating power of the radiant tube and the rotational speed of the guide roller.

[0006] The technical solutions described in this application embodiment have at least the following technical effects: The annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in this application embodiment acquires the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after heating during the annealing process; obtains a first region based on the real-time surface temperature; obtains a first region characteristic based on the first region; if the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified based on the first region characteristic, obtains the temperature diffusion rate based on the first region; obtains a second region based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate; obtains a first temperature characteristic based on the second region; and adjusts the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine based on the first temperature characteristic if the area of ​​the second region is greater than a first area threshold. Therefore, the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in this application embodiment, by analyzing the real-time surface temperature, divides the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region, which can quickly locate the parts of the material surface with uneven temperature, and helps to promptly discover potential problem areas that may affect the tin plating quality. For example, excessively high temperature may lead to an excessively thick, uneven, or even scorched tin plating layer, while excessively low temperature may lead to poor adhesion or incomplete tin plating layer. After confirming that the surface temperature of the first region is qualified, the temperature diffusion rate is further calculated, which helps to understand the heat propagation on the material surface. The second region, derived from the first region and the temperature diffusion rate, allows for early prediction of the potential impact range of temperature anomalies. This facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of temperature dynamics and enables timely measures to prevent further expansion of the anomaly range. By appropriately adjusting equipment parameters, the surface temperature of the material can be effectively controlled, improving temperature uniformity and ensuring tin plating quality.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the first region based on the real-time surface temperature includes: A surface temperature matrix is ​​obtained based on the real-time surface temperature; wherein, the surface temperature matrix is ​​used to reflect the surface temperature of the metal wire as it gradually passes through the temperature sensor; The gradient edge points are calculated based on the surface temperature matrix; wherein, the gradient edge points are the temperature points in the surface temperature matrix where the temperature gradient exceeds the gradient threshold. The first region is obtained by clustering the gradient edge points.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, after obtaining the first region features based on the first region, the method further includes: If the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be unqualified based on the characteristics of the first region, the first region is divided into independent regions and continuous regions; wherein, the independent regions are used to reflect regions that are discrete points or whose area is less than the second area threshold, and the continuous regions are used to reflect regions that are strip-shaped or whose area is greater than the second area threshold. The device parameters are adjusted based on the independent region and the continuous region.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the annealing tin plating machine further includes an air-cooling device, with each of the radiant tubes located in the heating section of the annealing tin plating machine, and the air-cooling device located after the heating section. The equipment parameters also include the duty cycle of the pulsed cooling air of the air-cooling device. Adjusting the equipment parameters according to the independent region and the continuous region includes: Calculate the intersection area of ​​the independent region and the coverage area of ​​the corresponding radiant tube; The heating power of the corresponding radiant tube is adjusted according to the intersection area; The heating power of the radiant tube and the rotational speed of the guide roller are determined based on the area of ​​the continuous region. When the continuous region includes a high-temperature region, the duty cycle of the pulsed cooling air is adjusted according to the area of ​​the high-temperature region within the continuous region.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the temperature diffusion rate based on the first region, assuming the surface temperature of the first region is qualified based on the characteristics of the first region, includes: The edge temperature gradient is obtained by locally refining the first region; The temperature diffusion rate is obtained based on the edge temperature gradient.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the second region based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate includes: The expansion distance is obtained based on the temperature diffusion rate. The second region is obtained by expanding the first region as the center according to the expansion distance.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, adjusting the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine according to the first temperature characteristic includes: The heating power of each of the radiant tubes is adjusted according to the average temperature value of the first temperature characteristic; The rotational speed of the guide roller is adjusted according to the temperature fluctuation frequency of the first temperature characteristic.

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, before determining the surface temperature of the first region to be acceptable based on the characteristics of the first region, and before obtaining the temperature diffusion rate based on the first region, the method further includes: If the area, average temperature, and extreme temperature of the first region are all less than the corresponding preset thresholds, the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the equipment parameters further include the tension compensation amount of the guide roller; the method further includes: The wire diameter expansion is obtained based on the first temperature characteristic; The tension compensation amount is calculated based on the expansion of the wire diameter.

[0015] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a temperature control device for an annealing tin plating machine, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after heating during the annealing process; A first region module is used to obtain a first region based on the real-time surface temperature; wherein the first region includes a high-temperature region and / or a low-temperature region; A first region feature module is used to obtain a first region feature based on the first region; wherein the first region feature includes at least one of the area, average temperature, and extreme temperature of the first region; A temperature diffusion rate module is used to obtain the temperature diffusion rate of the first region when the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified based on the characteristics of the first region. The second region module is used to obtain a second region based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate; wherein the second region is obtained by expanding the first region; A first temperature feature module is used to obtain a first temperature feature based on the second region; wherein the first temperature feature includes at least one of the average temperature of the second region and the temperature fluctuation frequency; An adjustment module is used to adjust the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine according to the first temperature characteristic when the area of ​​the second region is greater than the first area threshold; wherein the equipment parameters include at least one of the heating power of the radiant tube and the rotational speed of the guide roller.

[0016] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an annealing tin plating machine, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method as described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0017] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any of the first aspects above.

[0018] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product that, when run on an annealing tin plating machine, causes the annealing tin plating machine to perform the method described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0019] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second to fifth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the component configuration of an annealing tin plating machine provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of steps S200, S300 and S320 in the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of steps S400, S500 and S700 in the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control device for the annealing tin plating machine provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the annealing tin plating machine provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0022] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0023] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0024] It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0025] As used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as "when," "once," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, the phrase "if determined" or "if detected [the described condition or event]" may be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "once determined," "in response to determination," "once detected [the described condition or event]," or "in response to detection [the described condition or event]."

[0026] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0028] In existing annealing tin plating processes, uneven temperature distribution on the surface of the metal wire can lead to localized overheating or underheating, resulting in the following problems: excessively thick tin layers in high-temperature areas and excessively thin tin layers in low-temperature areas, even causing plating peeling or voids; insufficient annealing can lead to inconsistent material hardness and toughness, affecting the stability of subsequent processing; and overheated areas on the metal wire surface may accelerate material oxidation, reducing corrosion resistance. Therefore, the current annealing tin plating production process suffers from unstable processing quality due to uneven surface temperature.

[0029] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a temperature control method and an annealing tin plating machine for annealing. The method involves acquiring the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after heating during annealing; obtaining a first region based on the real-time surface temperature; obtaining a first region characteristic based on the first region; determining that the surface temperature of the first region is acceptable based on the first region characteristic; obtaining a temperature diffusion rate based on the first region; obtaining a second region based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate; obtaining a first temperature characteristic based on the second region; and adjusting the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine based on the first temperature characteristic if the area of ​​the second region is greater than a first area threshold. Therefore, the temperature control method for annealing tin plating provided in this application, by analyzing the real-time surface temperature, divides the area into high-temperature and low-temperature regions, enabling rapid location of areas with uneven material surface temperature. This helps to promptly identify potential problem areas that may affect the tin plating quality, such as excessively high temperatures leading to excessively thick, uneven, or even burnt tin layers, or excessively low temperatures leading to poor adhesion or incomplete tin plating layers. After confirming that the surface temperature of the first region is acceptable, further calculating the temperature diffusion rate helps to understand the heat propagation on the material surface. The second region, derived from the first region and the temperature diffusion rate, allows for early prediction of the potential impact range of temperature anomalies. This facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of temperature dynamics and enables timely measures to prevent further expansion of the anomaly range. By appropriately adjusting equipment parameters, the surface temperature of the material can be effectively controlled, improving temperature uniformity and ensuring tin plating quality.

[0030] The annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to the annealing tin plating machine. In this case, the annealing tin plating machine is the executing entity of the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in this application embodiment. This application embodiment does not impose any restrictions on the specific type of annealing tin plating machine.

[0031] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the annealing tin plating machine includes multiple radiant tubes, multiple temperature sensors, and an air-cooling device. The radiant tubes are located in the heating section and are used to heat the metal material; they can be gas-fired radiant tubes, electric heating radiant tubes, etc. The temperature sensors are located in the transition section and are used to measure the surface temperature of the metal material after heating; they can be K-type thermocouples, infrared thermometers, PT100 resistance thermometers, etc. The air-cooling device is located in the cooling section and is used to cool the metal material after heating; it can be a solenoid valve-controlled pulse air-cooling system, a frequency converter-controlled pulse air-cooling device, a pressure pulse air-cooling device, a pulse water-cooled auxiliary air-cooling system, etc.

[0032] To better understand the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in the embodiments of this application, the specific implementation process of the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described by way of example below.

[0033] Figure 2A schematic flowchart of the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method provided in this application embodiment is shown. The annealing tin plating machine temperature control method includes: S100 acquires the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after heating during the annealing process.

[0034] It is understandable that the diameter of the metal wire used in annealing tin plating machines is generally 0.1~0.8mm.

[0035] For example, temperature sensors can be used to cover the surface area of ​​the metal wire, such as infrared thermal imagers (e.g., FLIR A655sc), array thermocouples (e.g., K-type thermocouples), etc., and arranged at certain intervals along the wire conveying direction (i.e., axial direction) to cover the area from the heating section outlet to the cooling section inlet, and collect the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after annealing.

[0036] S200, a first region is obtained based on the real-time surface temperature. The first region includes a high-temperature region and / or a low-temperature region.

[0037] For example, a temperature sequence containing the surface temperatures of each temperature acquisition point of the metal wire can be obtained by filtering based on the real-time surface temperature. A temperature threshold is set (e.g., a surface temperature ≥ 620℃ belongs to the high-temperature region, and a surface strength ≤ 590℃ belongs to the low-temperature region). The first region is then marked by the threshold segmentation method. For example, in the filtered temperature sequence, the high-temperature region is points 3 to 5 (616 to 624℃), and the low-temperature region is points 9 to 10 (591 to 587℃). When the temperature difference between adjacent points is ≤ 10℃, they are merged into the same region (e.g., points 3 to 5 are merged into high-temperature region A).

[0038] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 3 S200, the first region is obtained based on the real-time surface temperature, including: S210, obtains the surface temperature matrix based on the real-time surface temperature. The surface temperature matrix reflects the surface temperature of the metal wire as it gradually passes through the temperature sensor.

[0039] It can be understood that the surface temperature matrix includes multiple two-dimensional matrices, where each two-dimensional matrix corresponds one-to-one with each row of temperature sensors arranged along the direction of metal wire transport.

[0040] For example, the real-time surface temperature measured by multiple rows of temperature sensors (such as infrared thermal imagers or array thermocouples) arranged along the transport direction of the metal wire can be mapped into a corresponding two-dimensional matrix to obtain a surface temperature matrix. In this matrix, rows correspond to the lateral (radial) position of the wire, and columns correspond to time or longitudinal (axial) position. Furthermore, since the movement of the metal wire during transport may cause the sampling position of the temperature sensors to shift, the measured values ​​of the temperature sensors can be aligned using dynamic time warping (DTW) or linear interpolation to obtain the real-time surface temperature.

[0041] S220, the gradient edge points are calculated based on the surface temperature matrix. The gradient edge points are the temperature points in the surface temperature matrix where the temperature gradient exceeds a gradient threshold.

[0042] For example, the temperature gradient (∇T) at each point in the surface temperature matrix can be calculated using the Sobel operator or the central difference method, including the transverse and longitudinal gradients. A gradient threshold (e.g., 5℃ / mm) is set, and points where the temperature gradient exceeds the gradient threshold are identified as gradient edge points.

[0043] S230, cluster the gradient edge points to obtain the first region.

[0044] It is understandable that the gradient edge points are located at the boundaries of the first region.

[0045] For example, DBSCAN (density-based clustering) or K-means can be used to group gradient edge points to obtain the first region. For example, DBSCAN: neighborhood radius ϵ=2 (unit: matrix index distance), minimum number of points MinPts=3; K-means: pre-specify the number of clusters k (which can be determined by the elbow rule), merge adjacent clusters (e.g., distance <3 matrix indices), and filter regions with too small an area (e.g., the number of gradient edge points <5).

[0046] Through steps S210 to S230, the clustering algorithm can automatically identify temperature gradient distribution patterns without requiring manual pre-setting of region shapes, adapting to different wire specifications and process parameters. Density clustering eliminates isolated noise points (such as sensor anomalies), improving the robustness of region identification. Multiple temperature anomaly regions can be identified simultaneously, providing a basis for regional control. Surface temperature matrix and gradient analysis can pinpoint minute temperature fluctuations on the wire surface, meeting the requirements of precision annealing processes. The identified first region can be directly used to adjust the power distribution of the radiant tube or the speed of the guide roller, achieving regional closed-loop control, reducing energy consumption, and improving product consistency.

[0047] S300, the characteristics of the first region are obtained based on the first region. The characteristics of the first region include at least one of the area, average temperature, and extreme temperature of the first region.

[0048] It can be understood that the area of ​​the first region = the length of the first region × the diameter of the metal wire, the average temperature: the average temperature of each temperature collection point in the first region (e.g., the average temperature of region A (first region) = (616+624+623) / 3≈621℃), and the extreme temperature: the highest / lowest temperature recorded in the first region.

[0049] For example, a temperature distribution image (or temperature matrix) of the first region can be acquired using an infrared thermal imager or a distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system. The resolution needs to cover the minimum feature size of the region. Adaptive threshold segmentation (such as the Otsu algorithm) or a semantic segmentation model based on deep learning can be used to divide the temperature distribution image into a target region (i.e., the first region) and a background region. The number of pixels N in the target region is then counted. pixel The area of ​​the first region is calculated by combining the physical size d of the pixel (e.g., d=0.5mm / pixel). The temperature mean of the first region is obtained by taking the arithmetic mean of the temperature values ​​of all pixels in the target region. The extreme temperature values ​​of the first region are obtained by iterating through the temperature values ​​of each pixel in the target region.

[0050] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 3 S300, after obtaining the features of the first region based on the first region, the method further includes: S310, if the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be unqualified based on the characteristics of the first region, the first region is divided into independent regions and continuous regions. Independent regions are used to reflect regions that are discrete points or whose area is less than a second area threshold, while continuous regions are used to reflect regions that are strip-shaped or whose area is greater than the second area threshold.

[0051] For example, if the temperature T(x,y) at any point within the first region exceeds the target temperature range [Tmin,Tmax] (e.g., [490℃, 510℃]), and the temperature gradient ||T| within the first region exceeds the normal gradient (e.g., 20℃ / mm), then the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be unqualified. In the case of an unqualified surface temperature in the first region, the area of ​​each region within the first region can be compared with a second area threshold to determine independent and continuous regions. Alternatively, the shape factor of each region can be calculated based on its area and perimeter within the first region, and independent and continuous regions can be determined based on the shape factor of each region. For example, the shape factor S = Where A is the area of ​​the region and P is the perimeter. If the shape factor S of a region is greater than or equal to 0.3, the region is defined as a continuous region. If the shape factor S of a region is less than or equal to 0.3, the region is defined as an independent region.

[0052] S320 adjusts equipment parameters based on independent and continuous areas.

[0053] It is understandable that in an annealing tin plating machine, the radiant tube is located in the heating section, the air-cooling device is located in the cooling section, and the guide roller runs through each section.

[0054] For example, the cooling airflow rate at the corresponding location can be adjusted according to the independent area. If the independent area persists (e.g., detected for 5 consecutive seconds), production is paused and the radiant tube corresponding to that independent area is inspected. The adjustment coefficient is calculated based on the length L and width W of the continuous area: taking a high-temperature area as an example, for the heating section: adjust the radiant tube power P = P0 × (1 + k L / Lmax), Cooling section: Adjust the guide roller speed v=v0×(1−m) W / Wmax), extending the cooling time, where k and m are empirical coefficients, Lmax is the diameter of the metal wire, and Wmax is the length of the metal wire.

[0055] Through steps S310 to S320, the classification of independent and continuous regions allows the control strategy to adapt to the correction needs of defects at different scales. The closed-loop feedback mechanism enables dynamic matching of equipment parameter adjustments with actual operating conditions, avoiding the lag of manual intervention and helping to improve product qualification rates. Machine learning models (such as a region shape-defect type mapping library) can be combined to further predict defect root causes and achieve predictive maintenance.

[0056] Optionally, please refer to Figure 3 The annealing tin plating machine also includes an air-cooling device. Each radiant tube is located in the heating section of the annealing tin plating machine, and the air-cooling device is located after the heating section. Equipment parameters also include the duty cycle of the pulsed cooling air of the air-cooling device. S320, adjusting equipment parameters according to independent and continuous areas, includes: S321, calculate the intersection area of ​​the independent region and the coverage area of ​​the corresponding radiant tube.

[0057] For example, the radiant tubes can be numbered by location (e.g., radiant tubes 1 to 8), and the heating area of ​​each radiant tube can be defined as a rectangle, covering a specific range in the transverse direction of the wire. By mapping through the equipment coordinate system, a radiant tube coverage area matrix Ri (i is the radiant tube number) can be established. The elements in matrix Ri are 1 (covered) or 0 (not covered). Independent regions (discrete points or small areas) are binarized and labeled to generate an independent region matrix I. The elements in matrix I are 1 (independent region point) or 0 (background). For each radiant tube i, the logical AND operation result matrix Ai = Ri∧I of Ri and I is calculated, and the number of 1s Ni in Ai is counted. The intersection area Si = Ni × Δx × Δy, where Δx and Δy are the matrix cell sizes.

[0058] S322, adjust the heating power of the corresponding radiant tube according to the intersection area.

[0059] For example, if the intersection area Si>0, then the power adjustment ΔPi of the radiant tube i is proportional to Si, ΔPi=kp×Si×(Tactual−Ttarget), where Tactual is the average temperature of the independent region and Ttarget is the target temperature. If Si=0, then the power of the radiant tube i is kept constant, and Pi+ΔPi is limited to the rated power range of the radiant tube (e.g., [Pmin, Pmax]=[30, 100]kW). To avoid sudden changes in heating power, ΔPi can be filtered: Pi′(t)=Pi′(t−1)+τ×(ΔPi−Pi′(t−1)), where τ is the time constant.

[0060] S323, determine the heating power of the corresponding radiant tube and the rotation speed of the guide roller based on the area of ​​the continuous region.

[0061] For example, the power of the corresponding radiant tube can be adjusted according to the area of ​​the continuous region, for example, the power adjustment amount ΔP. cont =k c1 ×S cont +k c2 ×(T cont,avg -T target ), where k c1 It is the area coefficient, S cont It is the area of ​​a continuous region, k c2 It is the temperature deviation coefficient, T cont,avg It is the average temperature of a continuous region, T target The target temperature is the temperature. If the continuous area spans multiple radiant tubes, the power adjustment amount is allocated according to the coverage area ratio. The rotation speed of the guide rollers in the heating and cooling sections can be adjusted accordingly based on whether the continuous area is a high-temperature or low-temperature area.

[0062] S324, when a continuous region includes a high-temperature region, adjusts the duty cycle of the pulsed cooling air according to the area of ​​the high-temperature region within the continuous region.

[0063] For example, when a continuous region includes a high-temperature region, the duty cycle of the pulsed cooling air can be adjusted according to the area of ​​the high-temperature region within the continuous region. For instance, the duty cycle can be adjusted relative to the area S of the high-temperature region. H Proportional, the adjusted duty cycle D′=D0+k d ×S H Where D0 is the initial duty cycle, and k d It is the duty cycle adjustment factor, and it limits D′ to the range of [Dmin, Dmax] (e.g., [20%, 80%]).

[0064] Through the above steps S321 to S324, the power of the radiant tube, the speed of the guide roller, and the duty cycle of the pulse air cooling are jointly adjusted to achieve a dynamic balance between heating, cooling, and transmission. The differentiated control strategy for independent and continuous areas shortens the equipment's response time to correct minor defects (such as oxide scale) and large-area unevenness (such as radiant tube aging). Power limiting, duty cycle limiting, and dynamic smooth transition technology help reduce the equipment failure rate.

[0065] S400, if the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be acceptable based on the characteristics of the first region, the temperature diffusion rate is obtained based on the first region.

[0066] For example, if the area of ​​the first region is ≤10% of the total surface area of ​​the metal wire, and the extreme temperature is within the target range (e.g., 610~630℃), then the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified. If the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified, the temperature diffusion rate can be obtained by fitting a one-dimensional heat conduction equation based on the temperature difference and time interval between adjacent temperature sampling points of the metal wire; for example, ∂T / ∂t=α. ∂ 2 T / ∂x 2 Where T(x,t): the temperature of the metal wire at position x and time t; α: thermal diffusivity (α=k / (ρ)). c p ), k is the thermal conductivity, ρ is the density, c p ∂T / ∂t: specific heat capacity; ∂T / ∂t: rate of change of temperature with time; ∂ 2 T / ∂x 2 : The second spatial derivative of temperature along the axial direction.

[0067] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 4 S400, before determining that the surface temperature of the first region is acceptable based on the characteristics of the first region, and before obtaining the temperature diffusion rate based on the first region, the method further includes: S401, if the area, average temperature and extreme temperature in the first region are all less than the corresponding preset threshold, the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified.

[0068] For example, an AND logic combination can be used to determine multiple parameters, and the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified only when the area, average temperature and extreme temperature in the first region feature simultaneously meet the condition of being less than the corresponding preset threshold.

[0069] By combining the above steps to determine the area, mean, and extreme values ​​of the first region, the false positive rate can be reduced. Accurately identifying qualified regions helps prevent global overheating.

[0070] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 4 S400, assuming the surface temperature of the first region is qualified based on the characteristics of the first region, the temperature diffusion rate is obtained based on the first region, including: S410, the first region is locally refined to obtain the edge temperature gradient.

[0071] For example, an adaptive method based on error estimation can be used to dynamically adjust the mesh density according to the magnitude of the temperature gradient. For instance, in COMSOL, the temperature gradient can be specified as a refinement index through "Local Functional Error Estimation," and more nodes can be automatically inserted in regions with high gradients. Then, the edge temperature gradient is calculated using the central difference method on the refined mesh in the first region.

[0072] S420, the temperature diffusion rate is obtained based on the edge temperature gradient.

[0073] For example, the temperature diffusion rate can be calculated based on the edge temperature gradient and the material properties of the metallic material (such as thermal conductivity, density, specific heat capacity, etc.). For instance, the temperature diffusion rate v = ×∇T, where, ρ is thermal conductivity, ρ is density, and c is... p ∇T is the specific heat capacity, and ∇T is the edge temperature gradient.

[0074] Steps S410 to S420 improve gradient calculation accuracy, and local refinement increases mesh density in edge regions, reducing gradient calculation errors compared to global uniform refinement. The temperature gradient is converted into a velocity field, visually displaying the direction and rate of heat transfer, providing a quantitative basis for heat dissipation design.

[0075] S500, a second region is obtained based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate. The second region is obtained by expanding the first region.

[0076] It can be understood that when the first and second regions are parallel, the second region is an extension of the first region along the conveying direction (e.g., high-temperature region A extends 100mm downstream).

[0077] It is understandable that, in the case where the relationship between the first region and the second region is one of inclusion, the second region includes the first region and its surrounding neighborhood (such as the region surrounded by the isotherm of high temperature region A ± 15℃).

[0078] For example, the expansion can be based on a temperature gradient (e.g., ∇T≥5℃ / mm) until the temperature gradient is below a preset threshold.

[0079] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 4 S500, based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate, yields a second region, including: S510, the extension distance is obtained based on the temperature diffusion rate.

[0080] For example, the expansion distance can be obtained based on the temperature diffusion rate and the diffusion time (set according to actual operating conditions, such as a transmission time of 10 seconds from the heating section to the cooling section). Furthermore, the temperature diffusion rate can be verified using multiple rows of temperature sensors. If the temperature diffusion rate decays over time, an exponential decay model (e.g., v(t) = v0e^(-t / t)) can be used. −λt Correcting the temperature diffusion rate.

[0081] S520, taking the first region as the center, expands to obtain the second region according to the expansion distance.

[0082] For example, a second region can be generated by uniformly expanding circumferentially and then uniformly expanding axially according to the boundary of the first region.

[0083] Through steps S510 to S520 above, combined with the temperature diffusion rate, the temperature diffusion path is predicted, and process parameters are optimized to control the heat-affected zone. Predicting the temperature distribution of the metal wire helps avoid damage to the metal wire caused by localized overheating.

[0084] S600, a first temperature characteristic is obtained based on the second region. The first temperature characteristic includes at least one of the average temperature of the second region and the frequency of temperature fluctuations.

[0085] It can be understood that the second region can be a region that includes the first region, in which case the first temperature feature is the temperature feature of the first region; or it can be a region parallel to the first region, in which case the first temperature feature is the temperature feature of the second region.

[0086] For example, spatial distribution data of the first temperature feature (such as the temperature field on the surface of a metal strip) can be collected in real time by a temperature sensor (such as a thermocouple, an infrared thermometer, etc.). The collected temperature data is processed by moving average to calculate the average temperature of the second region. The temperature fluctuation frequency of the second region is obtained by analyzing the periodic fluctuation of the temperature sequence (such as the wire vibration period corresponding to a main frequency of 0.5Hz).

[0087] S700, when the area of ​​the second region is greater than the first area threshold, the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine are adjusted according to the first temperature characteristic. The equipment parameters include at least one of the heating power of the radiant tube and the rotational speed of the guide roller.

[0088] For example, parameter adjustment can be triggered if the area of ​​the second region is greater than the corresponding first area threshold (e.g., when the first and second regions are adjacent, the first area threshold is 100 mm²). The rotational speed of the guide rollers in the heating and / or cooling sections can be adjusted according to the first temperature characteristics of the second region. For example, when the average temperature is low, the heating power of the radiant tube can be increased (e.g., if the average temperature of the second region is 615.5℃ < the corresponding preset threshold of 620℃, the heating power of the radiant tube needs to be increased by 5%). The temperature diffusion rate of the second region can be calculated according to the first temperature characteristics. When the temperature diffusion rate is greater than the corresponding speed threshold, the rotational speed of the guide rollers in the cooling section can be reduced accordingly (e.g., if the temperature diffusion rate is 0.35℃ / mm > 0.2℃ / mm, the rotational speed of the rollers in the cooling section is reduced by 20%).

[0089] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 4 S700, adjusts the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine according to the first temperature characteristic, including: S710 adjusts the heating power of each radiant tube according to the average temperature of the first temperature characteristic.

[0090] For example, a closed-loop control relationship between the average temperature and the heating power P of the radiant tubes can be established to adjust the heating power of each radiant tube. For instance, a proportional-integral (PI) controller can be used: heating power P(t) = K p e(t)+K i , where e(t) is the error between the mean temperature and the desired temperature.

[0091] S720 adjusts the rotational speed of the guide rollers according to the temperature fluctuation frequency of the first temperature characteristic.

[0092] For example, a negative feedback relationship between the temperature fluctuation frequency and the guide roller rotation speed v can be established to adjust the scanning speed, for example, the scanning speed v(t) = v0. (1−α f dom (t) / f n ), where v0 is the reference speed, α is the damping coefficient, and f dom (t) is the frequency of temperature fluctuation, f n It is the system's inherent frequency.

[0093] Through steps S710 to S720, a closed-loop-open-loop hybrid control architecture is formed, achieving multi-scale collaborative control. When the second region includes the first region, local temperature anomalies are accurately located; when the second and first regions are parallel, global balanced control is achieved, improving process stability. Analysis based on the first temperature characteristics (mean, frequency) replaces empirical parameter tuning, helping to improve control accuracy.

[0094] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 4 The equipment parameters also include the tension compensation amount of the guide rollers. The method also includes: S001, the expansion of the wire diameter is obtained based on the first temperature characteristic.

[0095] For example, based on the first temperature characteristic, combined with the linear expansion coefficient of the metal wire (e.g., the linear expansion coefficient of copper in the range of 20~300°C is α=16.5×10), −6 / °C), linear expansion ΔD=D0 α ΔT, where D0 is the diameter of the metal wire before annealing, and ΔT is the change in surface temperature of the metal wire before and after annealing.

[0096] S002, the tension compensation amount is calculated based on the wire diameter expansion.

[0097] For example, a dynamic compensation model can be established based on the wire diameter expansion to obtain the tension compensation amount. When ΔD / D0 > 0.5%, a correction coefficient k is introduced. actual =k D0 E ΔD,k=1−0.1 (ΔD / D0) 2 Where ΔD is the wire diameter expansion, D0 is the diameter of the metal wire before annealing, E is the elastic modulus, and the target tension F is set according to process requirements. target (e.g., the target tension F for copper wire annealing) target =1500N), tension compensation ΔF=F actual -F target Tension is monitored in real time by a tension sensor, and the tension compensation amount is corrected by a PID algorithm. When the wire running speed v (i.e., the rotational speed of the guide roller) changes, the correction formula is: ΔF total =ΔF+m dv / dt.

[0098] Through the steps S001 to S002 described above, the tracking error of tension fluctuations and wire diameter expansion can be reduced, which helps to avoid wire breakage or interlayer misalignment caused by tension fluctuations. Real-time tension compensation shortens the tension adjustment delay, which helps to improve the production line's operating speed and capacity. Furthermore, precise tension compensation can reduce motor overload and lower energy consumption.

[0099] It should be understood that the sequence number of each step in the above embodiments does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0100] Corresponding to the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method described in the above embodiments, this application also provides an annealing tin plating machine temperature control device, the various modules of which can realize the various steps of the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method. Figure 5 A structural block diagram of the temperature control device for an annealing tin plating machine provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of this application are shown.

[0101] Reference Figure 5 The device includes: The acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after heating during the annealing process; A first region module is used to obtain a first region based on the real-time surface temperature; wherein the first region includes a high-temperature region and / or a low-temperature region; A first region feature module is used to obtain a first region feature based on the first region; wherein the first region feature includes at least one of the area, average temperature, and extreme temperature of the first region; A temperature diffusion rate module is used to obtain the temperature diffusion rate of the first region when the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified based on the characteristics of the first region. The second region module is used to obtain a second region based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate; wherein the second region is obtained by expanding the first region; A first temperature feature module is used to obtain a first temperature feature based on the second region; wherein the first temperature feature includes at least one of the average temperature of the second region and the temperature fluctuation frequency; An adjustment module is used to adjust the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine according to the first temperature characteristic when the area of ​​the second region is greater than the first area threshold; wherein the equipment parameters include at least one of the heating power of the radiant tube and the rotational speed of the guide roller.

[0102] It should be noted that the information interaction and execution process between the above modules are based on the same concept as the method embodiments of this application. For details on their specific functions and technical effects, please refer to the method embodiments section, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above device can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] This application also provides an annealing tin plating machine. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an annealing tin plating machine provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the annealing tin plating machine 6 of this embodiment includes: at least one processor 60 ( Figure 6 Only one is shown in the image), at least one memory 61 ( Figure 6 (Only one is shown in the image) and a computer program 62 stored in the at least one memory 61 and executable on the at least one processor 60, wherein when the processor 60 executes the computer program 62, it causes the annealing tin plating machine 6 to perform the steps in any of the above embodiments of the annealing tin plating machine temperature control method, or causes the annealing tin plating machine 6 to perform the functions of each module / unit in the above embodiments of the apparatus.

[0105] For example, the computer program 62 may be divided into one or more modules / units, which are stored in the memory 61 and executed by the processor 60 to complete this application. The one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which describe the execution process of the computer program 62 in the annealing tin plating machine 6.

[0106] The annealing tin plating machine 6 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 60 and a memory 61. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 6 This is merely an example of the annealing tin plating machine 6 and does not constitute a limitation on the annealing tin plating machine 6. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components, such as input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0107] The processor 60 can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or it can be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0108] In some embodiments, the memory 61 may be an internal storage unit of the annealing tin plating machine 6, such as a hard disk or memory of the annealing tin plating machine 6. In other embodiments, the memory 61 may be an external storage device of the annealing tin plating machine 6, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., equipped on the annealing tin plating machine 6. Further, the memory 61 may include both internal storage units and external storage devices of the annealing tin plating machine 6. The memory 61 is used to store operating systems, applications, bootloaders, data, and other programs, such as the program code of computer programs. The memory 61 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0109] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0110] This application provides a computer program product that, when run on an annealing tin plating machine, enables the annealing tin plating machine to perform the steps described in any of the above method embodiments.

[0111] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code to an annealing and tinning machine, a recording medium, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunication signal, and a software distribution medium. Examples include USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0112] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0113] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0114] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed annealing tin plating machine and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the annealing tin plating machine embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0115] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0116] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for temperature control in an annealing tin plating machine, characterized in that, The method is applied to an annealing tin plating machine, the annealing tin plating machine including guide rollers and multiple radiant tubes for heating metal wires; the method includes: Obtain the real-time surface temperature of the metal wire after heating during the annealing process; A first region is obtained based on the real-time surface temperature; wherein, the first region includes a high-temperature region and / or a low-temperature region; The first region features are obtained based on the first region; wherein, the first region features include at least one of the area, average temperature, and extreme temperature of the first region; If the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be acceptable based on the characteristics of the first region, the temperature diffusion rate is obtained based on the first region. A second region is obtained based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate; wherein the second region is obtained by expanding the first region; A first temperature feature is obtained based on the second region; wherein, the first temperature feature includes at least one of the average temperature and the temperature fluctuation frequency of the second region; When the area of ​​the second region is greater than the first area threshold, the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine are adjusted according to the first temperature characteristic; wherein, the equipment parameters include at least one of the heating power of the radiant tube and the rotational speed of the guide roller.

2. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the first region based on the real-time surface temperature includes: A surface temperature matrix is ​​obtained based on the real-time surface temperature; wherein, the surface temperature matrix is ​​used to reflect the surface temperature of the metal wire as it gradually passes through the temperature sensor; The gradient edge points are calculated based on the surface temperature matrix; wherein, the gradient edge points are the temperature points in the surface temperature matrix where the temperature gradient exceeds the gradient threshold. The first region is obtained by clustering the gradient edge points.

3. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the first region features based on the first region, the method further includes: If the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be unqualified based on the characteristics of the first region, the first region is divided into independent regions and continuous regions; wherein, the independent regions are used to reflect regions that are discrete points or whose area is less than the second area threshold, and the continuous regions are used to reflect regions that are strip-shaped or whose area is greater than the second area threshold. The device parameters are adjusted based on the independent region and the continuous region.

4. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The annealing tin plating machine also includes an air-cooling device. Each of the radiant tubes is located in the heating section of the annealing tin plating machine, and the air-cooling device is located after the heating section. The equipment parameters also include the duty cycle of the pulsed cooling air of the air-cooling device. Adjusting the equipment parameters according to the independent region and the continuous region includes: Calculate the intersection area of ​​the independent region and the coverage area of ​​the corresponding radiant tube; The heating power of the corresponding radiant tube is adjusted according to the intersection area; The heating power of the radiant tube and the rotational speed of the guide roller are determined based on the area of ​​the continuous region. When the continuous region includes a high-temperature region, the duty cycle of the pulsed cooling air is adjusted according to the area of ​​the high-temperature region within the continuous region.

5. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the surface temperature of the first region to be qualified based on the characteristics of the first region, and obtaining the temperature diffusion rate based on the first region, includes: The edge temperature gradient is obtained by locally refining the first region; The temperature diffusion rate is obtained based on the edge temperature gradient.

6. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the second region based on the first region and the temperature diffusion rate includes: The expansion distance is obtained based on the temperature diffusion rate. The second region is obtained by expanding the first region as the center according to the expansion distance.

7. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the equipment parameters of the annealing tin plating machine according to the first temperature characteristic includes: The heating power of each of the radiant tubes is adjusted according to the average temperature value of the first temperature characteristic; The rotational speed of the guide roller is adjusted according to the temperature fluctuation frequency of the first temperature characteristic.

8. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before determining that the surface temperature of the first region is qualified based on the characteristics of the first region, and before obtaining the temperature diffusion rate based on the first region, the method further includes: If the area, average temperature, and extreme temperature of the first region are all less than the corresponding preset thresholds, the surface temperature of the first region is determined to be qualified.

9. The temperature control method for an annealing tin plating machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The equipment parameters also include the tension compensation amount of the guide roller; the method further includes: The wire diameter expansion is obtained based on the first temperature characteristic; The tension compensation amount is calculated based on the expansion of the wire diameter.

10. An annealing tin plating machine, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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