Electronic device

Abstract

The electronic equipment provided by the invention comprises an antenna assembly, and a radiator comprises a first free end, a first feeding point, a grounding point, a first connecting point and a second free end which are arranged in sequence; one end of the tuning circuit is electrically connected with the first connection point, the other end of the tuning circuit is grounded, and the tuning circuit has a first tuning state and a second tuning state; the first signal source is electrically connected with the first feeding point, the first signal source is used for exciting the radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band when the tuning circuit is in a first tuning state, and the first resonant mode comprises a 1 / 4 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the grounding point; the first signal source is used for forming a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band on the radiator when the second tuning circuit is in the second tuning state, the second resonant mode comprises a 1 / 2 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the second free end, and the risk that the antenna is held is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Antenna designs in mobile phones and other electronic devices often feature single-band antennas with a single operating current mode and a fixed radiation pattern. However, in handheld usage scenarios, the antenna can become stuck due to hand gripping, leading to issues such as frequency offset, detuning, and reduced efficiency. Therefore, the technical challenge is to increase the number of operating current modes on the antenna without adding extra space, effectively reducing the risk of the antenna becoming stuck. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides an electronic device that reduces the risk of the antenna being gripped and stuck.

[0004] An electronic device provided in this application includes an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising:

[0005] A radiator, comprising a first free end, a first feed point, a grounding point, a first connection point, and a second free end arranged sequentially, wherein the grounding point is grounded;

[0006] A tuning circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first connection point, and the other end of which is grounded, the tuning circuit having a first tuning state and a second tuning state.

[0007] A first signal source is electrically connected to the first feed point. The first signal source is used to excite the radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band when the tuning circuit is in the first tuning state. The first resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the ground point. The first signal source is also used to excite the radiator to form a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band when the second tuning circuit is in the second tuning state. The second resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the second free end.

[0008] The electronic device provided in this application includes an antenna assembly. The radiator includes a first free end, a first feed point, a ground point, a first connection point, and a second free end arranged sequentially. One end of a tuning circuit is electrically connected to the first connection point, and the other end of the tuning circuit is grounded. The tuning circuit has a first tuning state and a second tuning state. A first signal source is electrically connected to the first feed point. The first signal source is used to excite a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band on the radiator when the tuning circuit is in the first tuning state. The first resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the ground point. The first signal source is used to form a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band on the radiator when the second tuning circuit is in the second tuning state. The second resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the second free end. In this way, the antenna assembly can support the operating current mode of the first frequency band without increasing the space occupied by the antenna. The main current distribution positions of the two operating current modes are different, thereby reducing the risk of the antenna being clamped and improving the operating stability of the antenna assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0011] Figure 2 This is a partially exploded view of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of this application on an electronic device;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly in the first resonant mode according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly in the second resonant mode according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the first resonant mode, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0017] Figure 8 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the second resonant mode, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0018] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tuning circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, including a tuning switch, a first tuning branch, and a second tuning branch;

[0019] Figure 10 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly in the first resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0020] Figure 11 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly in the second resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0021] Figure 12 This is an example of an antenna assembly provided in Embodiment 1 of this application, showing its S-parameters and efficiency curves in the first and second resonant modes.

[0022] Figure 13a This is a polar coordinate pattern of an antenna assembly in the first and second resonant modes in a back view perspective section, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0023] Figure 13b This is a polar coordinate pattern of an antenna assembly in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in the first side view section provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0024] Figure 13c This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the first and second resonant modes at the bottom viewing angle section provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0025] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0026] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly in the third resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0027] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly in the fourth resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0028] Figure 17 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the third resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0029] Figure 18 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the fourth resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0030] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first matching circuit provided in the embodiments of this application, including a matching switch, a first matching branch, and a second matching branch;

[0031] Figure 20 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly in the third resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0032] Figure 21 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly in the fourth resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0033] Figure 22 This is an S-parameter curve of an antenna assembly in the third and fourth resonant modes provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0034] Figure 23 This is an efficiency curve diagram of an antenna assembly in the third and fourth resonant modes provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0035] Figure 24a This is a polar coordinate pattern of an antenna assembly in the third and fourth resonant modes in a back view, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0036] Figure 24b This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the third and fourth resonant modes at the first side viewing angle section provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0037] Figure 24c This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the third and fourth resonant modes at the bottom viewing angle section provided in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0038] Figure 25 The antenna assembly provided in this application has S-parameter curves for the N41 band in the first and second resonant modes under a one-handed handheld scenario.

[0039] Figure 26 This is an efficiency curve of the antenna assembly provided in this application embodiment in a single-handed handheld scenario, showing the N41 band efficiency in the first and second resonant modes.

[0040] Figure 27a This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly with a field radiation 3D pattern in the first resonant mode when held in the left hand;

[0041] Figure 27b This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly with a field radiation 3D pattern in the second resonant mode when held in the left hand;

[0042] Figure 27c This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the first resonant mode when held in the right hand, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 27dThis application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly with a field radiation 3D pattern in the second resonant mode when held in the right hand;

[0044] Figure 28a This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly in a single-handed handheld scenario, showing the polar coordinate radiation pattern of the first and second resonant modes in a rear view perspective section.

[0045] Figure 28b This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly in a single-handed handheld scenario, showing the polar coordinate radiation pattern of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode in a first side view section.

[0046] Figure 28c This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly in a single-handed handheld scenario, showing the polar coordinate radiation pattern of the first and second resonant modes in the bottom-view section.

[0047] Figure 29 These are the S-parameter curves of the antenna assembly provided in this application in the N41 band under the third and fourth resonant modes in a one-handed handheld scenario;

[0048] Figure 30 This is an efficiency curve of the antenna assembly provided in this application embodiment in a single-handed handheld scenario, showing the N78 band efficiency in the third and fourth resonant modes.

[0049] Figure 31a This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly with a field radiation 3D pattern in the third resonant mode when held in the left hand;

[0050] Figure 31b This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly with a field radiation 3D pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held in the left hand;

[0051] Figure 31c This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly with a 3D field radiation pattern in the third resonant mode when held in the right hand;

[0052] Figure 31d This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly with a 3D field radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held in the right hand;

[0053] Figure 32a This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly in a single-handed handheld scenario, showing polar coordinate radiation patterns in the third and fourth resonant modes in a rear view perspective section.

[0054] Figure 32b This application provides an embodiment of an antenna assembly in a single-handed handheld scenario, showing the polar coordinate radiation pattern of the first side view section in the third and fourth resonant modes.

[0055] Figure 32c This application provides a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly in the third and fourth resonant modes at the bottom viewing angle section.

[0056] Figure 33 The antenna assembly provided in this application embodiment also includes a satellite communication signal source and a switching unit.

[0057] Figure 34 The antenna assembly provided in this application embodiment also includes a satellite antenna module, and is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the radiator and the satellite radiator are coupled. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solution of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0059] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment to other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0060] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, an assembly or device comprising one or more components is not limited to the one or more components listed, but may optionally also include one or more components not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more components that it should have based on the described function.

[0061] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, devices with communication functions such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, computers, wearable devices, drones, robots, and digital cameras. This embodiment uses a mobile phone as an example for illustration; other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0062] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a partially exploded view of electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. Taking a mobile phone as an example, the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a mid-frame 300, and a back cover 400 arranged sequentially along its thickness. The mid-frame 300 includes a mid-plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the mid-plate 310. The frame 320 may be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have a mid-plate 310. The display screen 200, mid-plate 310, and back cover 400 are stacked sequentially, forming receiving spaces between the display screen 200 and the mid-plate 310, and between the mid-plate 310 and the back cover 400, to accommodate a motherboard 600, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery 700, various sensors, and other devices. The bezel 320 surrounds the edge of the display screen 200 on one side along the thickness direction, and surrounds the edge of the back cover 400 on the other side along the thickness direction, to form a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the bezel 320 and the middle plate 310 are an integral structure, while the bezel 320 and the back cover 400 can be separate structures. The above describes the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 taking a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of this application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0063] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 The image shows the rear view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 323 disposed opposite to each other, and a first side edge 322 and a second side edge 324 connecting the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 323. The top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode, and the bottom edge 323 is the side facing the ground when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. The first side edge 322 is the left side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000 in portrait mode. Alternatively, the first side edge 322 can also be the right side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000, and the second side edge 324 can be the left side when the user holds and uses the electronic device 1000.

[0064] The electronic device 1000 also includes a reference ground plane 500. The reference ground plane 500 is located within the frame 320. The reference ground plane 500 is generally rectangular in shape. Various slots, holes, etc., are formed on the reference ground plane 500's reference ground edge as needed to accommodate components or avoid other structures within the mobile phone. The reference ground plane 500 includes, but is not limited to, the metal alloy portion of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal portion of the circuit board (including the main board 600 and sub-boards). In general, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a roughly rectangular shape, hence the name reference ground plane 500. However, the term "reference ground plane 500" does not imply that the reference ground is plate-shaped or a rectangular plate.

[0065] The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] Please see Figure 3 The antenna assembly 100 includes a radiator 10, a tuning circuit 20, and a first signal source 30.

[0067] This application does not specifically limit the material of the radiator 10. Optionally, the radiator 10 may be made of a conductive material, including but not limited to conductive materials such as metals and alloys. This application does not specifically limit the shape of the radiator 10. For example, the shape of the radiator 10 may include, but is not limited to, strip-shaped, sheet-shaped, rod-shaped, coated, or thin-film-shaped. Figure 3 The radiator 10 shown is merely an example and does not limit the shape of the radiator 10 provided in this application. In this embodiment, the radiator 10 is strip-shaped. This application does not limit the extension trajectory of the radiator 10. Optionally, the radiator 10 can extend along a straight line, a curve, or a bend. The radiator 10 described above can be a line of uniform width on its extension trajectory, or it can be a strip of varying width, such as one with a gradually changing width or a widened region.

[0068] This application does not specifically limit the form of the radiator 10. Optionally, the form of the radiator 10 includes, but is not limited to, a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in a plastic frame 320, a metal radiator 10 located within or on the surface of the frame 320, a flexible circuit board antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser-directly formed antenna (LDS), a printed-directly formed antenna (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, the radiator 10 is taken as part of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000.

[0069] The radiator 10 is disposed along the edge of the reference floor 500 and at a distance from the reference floor 500.

[0070] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The radiator 10 includes a first free end A1, a first feed point B1, a grounding point D, a first connection point E1, and a second free end A2 arranged sequentially.

[0071] The free end mentioned in this application refers to the end that is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 through an insulating gap and is also disconnected from the reference ground 500. To ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the aforementioned insulating gap is filled with insulating material.

[0072] The grounding point D is electrically connected to the reference floor 500, wherein the electrical connection method includes, but is not limited to, direct electrical connection or indirect electrical connection. For example, the grounding point D returns to ground through a grounding spring. As another example, the grounding point D of the radiator 10 is interconnected with a portion of the reference floor 500.

[0073] One end of the tuning circuit 20 is electrically connected to the first connection point E1, and the other end of the tuning circuit 20 is grounded. The tuning circuit 20 has a first tuning state and a second tuning state. The impedance value of the tuning circuit 20 in the first tuning state is different from the impedance value in the second tuning state.

[0074] The first signal source 30 is electrically connected (including direct or indirect electrical connection) to the first feed point B1. The first signal source 30 includes, but is not limited to, radio frequency transceiver chips. In this embodiment, the first signal source 30 is located on the motherboard. The first signal source 30 is used to provide radio frequency excitation current. After the radio frequency excitation current is transmitted to the radiator 10, it can excite the radiator 10 to generate a resonant current, forming a resonant mode to support the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0075] Optional, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a first matching circuit M1, which is electrically connected between the first signal source 30 and the first feed point B1. The first matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. By adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the first signal source 30 and the port of the radiator 10, the first matching circuit M1 facilitates the excitation of a resonant mode by the first signal source 30 on the radiator 10.

[0076] The first signal source 30 is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band when the tuning circuit 20 is in the first tuning state.

[0077] Please see Figure 5 The first resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode formed between the first free terminal A1 and the ground point D. Specifically, the resonant current of the first resonant mode is distributed between the first free terminal A1 and the ground point D, and is grounded through the ground point D. At this time, the first tuning state can be a low impedance state (e.g., low inductance to ground) for the first frequency band to reduce the distribution of the resonant current of the first resonant mode from the first connection point E1 to the second free terminal A2. Further, the first tuning state can be a short-circuit to ground state, which is beneficial for the small amount of current on the side of the ground point D closer to the second free terminal A2 to be grounded through the first connection point E1. By designing the first tuning state of the tuning circuit 20 to be a low impedance state for the first frequency band, it is beneficial for the main current of the first resonant mode to be distributed between the first free terminal A1 and the ground point D, for the 1 / 4 wavelength mode formed between the first free terminal A1 and the ground point D, and for enhancing the first resonant mode.

[0078] Optionally, the resonant current in the first resonant mode can flow from the first free end A1 to the grounding point D, or from the grounding point D to the first free end A1. The intensity of the resonant current in the first resonant mode gradually increases from weak to strong.

[0079] Specifically, the electrical length between the first free end A1 and the ground point D is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite the formation of a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the first free end A1 and the ground point D. The approximation described herein is approximately 1 / 10 wavelength with fluctuations.

[0080] The electrical length described in this application can satisfy the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in the free scene.

[0083] The antenna configuration between the first free end A1 on the radiator 10 and the ground point D is an IFA antenna configuration, and the 1 / 4 wavelength mode is the ground mode of the IFA antenna, which has relatively high efficiency. Therefore, the first frequency band supported by the first resonant mode has relatively high efficiency.

[0084] The first frequency band includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: LB band (less than 1 GHz), MHB band (1-3 GHz), UHB band (greater than 3 GHz), Wi-Fi band, GPS band, etc.

[0085] The first signal source 30 is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band when the second tuning circuit 20 is in the second tuning state.

[0086] Please see Figure 6 The second resonant mode includes a half-wavelength mode formed between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2. Specifically, the resonant current of the second resonant mode is distributed between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2. At this time, the second tuning state can present a high impedance state for the first frequency band to prevent the resonant current on the radiator 10 from going to ground through the first connection point E1, thereby reducing the grounding current, enhancing the current on the radiator 10, and enhancing the half-wavelength mode between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2.

[0087] Optionally, the resonant current in the second resonant mode can flow from the first free end A1 to the second free end A2, or from the second free end A2 to the first free end A1. The intensity of the resonant current in the second resonant mode gradually increases from weak to strong.

[0088] Specifically, the electrical length between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2 is close to or equal to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so as to excite the formation of a half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2. The term "close to" here refers to a fluctuation of 1 / 10 wavelength.

[0089] The antenna configuration between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2 on the radiator 10 is a T-antenna configuration, and the 1 / 2 wavelength mode is the ground state mode of the T-antenna, exhibiting relatively high efficiency. Therefore, the first frequency band supported by the second resonant mode has relatively high efficiency.

[0090] Optionally, the first tuning state can be an open circuit state, which reduces the ground current, enhances the current on the radiator 10, and enhances the 1 / 2 wavelength mode between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2.

[0091] Alternatively, the first tuning state of the tuning circuit 20 can also be that the tuning circuit 20 is switched to ground with a small capacitor or a large inductor to tune the resonant point of the second resonant mode, thereby making the resonant point of the second resonant mode the center frequency of the first frequency band. In this way, the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode are different modes supporting the same frequency band and have different mode current distributions. Therefore, when the electronic device 1000 is in a handheld state and the radiator 10 is partially held, the tuning circuit 20 can switch to different tuning states to switch the operating mode of the first frequency band and keep the electronic device 1000 always able to work in the first frequency band. That is, without increasing the size of the radiator 10, the operating current mode of the first frequency band is switched while ensuring the constant operation of the first frequency band. This reduces the risk of frequency deviation, detuning, and reduced efficiency caused by the antenna being held tightly, and improves the working stability of the antenna assembly 100.

[0092] Since the radiator 10 is located on the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, when the electronic device 1000 is held in hand, the hand may grip the radiator 10 tightly, causing problems such as the radiator 10 being held too tightly. For example, when the radiator 10 between the first free end A1 and the ground point D is held by hand, the lateral electric field of the first free end A1 may be absorbed by the hand, causing frequency deviation in the frequency band supported by the antenna assembly 100. Therefore, the signal reception strength indication of the first frequency band (e.g., N41) is less at this time. Based on this, the tuning circuit 20 switches to the second tuning state, and the operating mode of the radiator 10 switches to the 1 / 2 wavelength mode from the first free end A1 to the second free end A2. Since the radiator 10 between the ground point D and the second free end A2 is not blocked, the 1 / 2 wavelength mode from the first free end A1 to the second free end A2 still has a certain efficiency to support the first frequency band (e.g., N41). When the radiator 10 between ground point D and the second free end A2 is gripped tightly by the hand, the signal reception strength of the first frequency band (e.g., N41) is low. Based on this, the tuning circuit 20 switches to the first tuning state, and the operating mode of the radiator 10 switches to the 1 / 4 wavelength mode from the first free end A1 to the ground point D. Since the radiator 10 between the first free end A1 and the ground point D is not blocked, the 1 / 4 wavelength mode from the first free end A1 to the ground point D still has good efficiency to support the first frequency band (e.g., N41). The tuning circuit 20 can be intelligently switched according to different hand grip scenarios to ensure that the first frequency band is always active.

[0093] The electronic device 1000 provided in this application includes an antenna assembly 100 and a reference ground plane 500. The radiator 10 includes a first free end A1, a first feed point B1, a ground point D, a first connection point E1, and a second free end A2, arranged sequentially. One end of a tuning circuit 20 is electrically connected to the first connection point E1, and the other end of the tuning circuit 20 is grounded. The tuning circuit 20 has a first tuning state and a second tuning state. A first signal source 30 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1. The first signal source 30 is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band when the tuning circuit 20 is in the first tuning state. The formula includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode formed between the first free end A1 and the ground point D; the first signal source 30 is used to form a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band on the radiator 10 when the second tuning circuit 20 is in the second tuning state. The second resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode formed between the first free end A1 and the second free end A2. In this way, the antenna assembly 100 can be increased to support the operating current mode of the first frequency band without increasing the space occupied by the antenna. The main current distribution positions of the two operating current modes are different, thereby reducing the risk of the antenna being gripped and improving the operating stability of the antenna assembly 100.

[0094] Optionally, the first tuning state is a short-circuit to ground state, which facilitates more current distribution between the first free terminal A1 and the grounding point D, further reducing the current distribution between the grounding point D and the second free terminal A2.

[0095] Optionally, the second tuning state is a small capacitor to ground state. The capacitance of the small capacitor is approximately 1pF or less. Generally, the electrical length from ground point D to the first free terminal A1 is slightly greater than the electrical length from ground point D to the second free terminal A2, so as to form two modes. In one mode, the main resonant current is distributed between ground point D and the first free terminal A1, and in the other mode, the main resonant current is distributed between the first free terminal A1 and the second free terminal A2. The former is similar to the radiating mode of a T-antenna, and the latter is similar to the balanced mode of a T-antenna. Generally, the resonant point of the radiating mode of a T-antenna is smaller than the resonant point of the balanced mode of a T-antenna. Thus, the balanced mode of a T-antenna can improve the efficiency of the radiating mode of a T-antenna.

[0096] When the electrical length from grounding point D to the first free end A1 is slightly greater than the electrical length from grounding point D to the second free end A2, by designing the second tuning state as a small capacitor to ground state, the resonance point of the second resonance mode is shifted towards a lower frequency, thereby making the resonance point of the second resonance mode the same as or close to the resonance point of the first resonance mode. Both the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode support the first frequency band, realizing the same frequency dual resonance mode, and keeping the first frequency band constant while switching resonance modes.

[0097] Optional, please refer to Figure 7 Since the resonant current of the first resonant mode passes through grounding point D, the antenna assembly 100 has a ground current flowing to the reference ground 500 in the first resonant mode. The reference ground 500 forms a current distribution from strong to weak along the width direction starting from grounding point D. The radiation pattern points from the direction of current phase leading (high intensity) to the direction of current phase lagging (low intensity). Therefore, the radiation main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode (within the dashed box in the figure) includes the direction of the reference ground 500 away from the radiator 10.

[0098] Furthermore, the first resonant mode is the IFA mode. The electrical length of the first free end A1-ground point D and the reference ground 500 in the longitudinal direction is close to 3 / 2 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band. Therefore, the current on the first free end A1-ground point D and the longitudinal current formed on the reference ground 500 from top to bottom are close to the 3 / 2 wavelength mode. Each 1 / 2 wavelength mode corresponds to a radiation lobe. Therefore, the antenna assembly 100 forms three radiation main lobes from top to bottom in the first resonant mode (within the dashed box in the figure), and these three radiation main lobes are biased towards the reference ground 500 away from the radiator 10. For example, the first free end A1 of the radiator 10 is located at the top edge 321, the second free end A2 of the radiator 10 is located at the first side edge 322, and the antenna assembly 100 forms three radiation main lobes from top to bottom on the rear cover 400 side in the first resonant mode, and these three radiation main lobes are slightly biased towards the second side edge 324. Furthermore, in the first resonant mode, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a radiation field null point in the direction from the reference ground 500 to the radiator 10.

[0099] Optional, please refer to Figure 8 Since the second resonant mode is a half-wavelength mode formed on the radiator 10, this half-wavelength mode will form a reference ground 500 pointing towards the main lobe of the radiator 10. Therefore, the radiation main lobe direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode includes the direction of the reference ground 500 pointing towards the radiator 10. As mentioned above, the radiation main lobe direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode (within the dashed box in the figure) includes the direction of the reference ground 500 away from the radiator 10. Therefore, the main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode and the main radiation direction in the second resonant mode are at least partially complementary. Thus, by switching the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode on the radiator 10, the radiation direction of the first frequency band can also be switched, thereby reducing the problem of poor signal under weak field and improving signal stability.

[0100] Furthermore, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode is also affected by the longitudinal current flowing from top to bottom on the reference ground 500, forming three main lobes from top to bottom on the back cover 400 side (within the dashed box in the figure), and these three main lobes are largely biased towards the second side 324. A radiation field null point is formed between the three main lobes from top to bottom and the main lobe of the reference ground 500 pointing towards the radiator 10.

[0101] As can be seen from the above, the reference ground 500 in the second resonant mode can cover the zero point of the radiation field in the first resonant mode to achieve pattern complementarity.

[0102] Please see Figure 9The antenna assembly 100 also includes a controller (not shown). The controller is electrically connected to the tuning circuit 20. The tuning circuit 20 includes a tuning switch 21, a first tuning branch 22, and a second tuning branch 23. One end of the tuning switch 21 is electrically connected to a first connection point E1. The tuning switch 21 is also electrically connected to the first tuning branch 22 and the second tuning branch 23. The first tuning branch 22 can be a low impedance to ground. The low impedance to ground includes, but is not limited to, a short circuit to ground, a small inductance to ground (e.g., less than 2nH), and a large capacitance to ground (e.g., 5pF or more). The second tuning branch 23 includes a large impedance to ground. The large impedance to ground includes, but is not limited to, a small capacitance (e.g., less than or equal to 1pF) to ground and a large inductance (e.g., 10nH or more) to ground.

[0103] The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the tuning switch 21 to control the tuning switch 21 to either connect the first connection point E1 to the first tuning branch 22 (first tuning state) or connect the first connection point E1 to the second tuning branch 23 (second tuning state). The controller is used to switch the tuning circuit 20 to the first tuning state or the second tuning state according to the signal strength indication of the first frequency band received by the radiator 10. That is, when the signal strength indication of the first frequency band received by the radiator 10 is less than a first preset strength, the controller controls the tuning switch 21 to switch the current tuning state.

[0104] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. The first feed point B1 and the first free end A1 of the radiator 10 are located at the top edge 321, while the ground point D, the first connection point E1, and the second free end A2 are located at the first side edge 322. The first signal source 30 provides an excitation signal in the MHB (N41 band), and the tuning circuit 20 is used to achieve mode adjustment.

[0105] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode according to Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode, provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 10 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 11 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0106] When the first signal source 30 is working, it can excite the N41 dual-mode at the same frequency. The first resonant mode is the 1 / 4 IFA mode from ground point D to the first free terminal A1, and the second resonant mode is the 1 / 2 wavelength mode (BM mode) between the first free terminal A1 and the second free terminal A2. Both the first and second resonant modes operate in the N41 frequency band. When the first resonant mode is working, the tuning circuit 20 switches to short-circuit ground. When switching to the second resonant mode, the tuning circuit 20 switches to a small capacitor ground (less than or equal to 1pF).

[0107] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a graph showing the S-parameters and efficiency curves of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application in the first and second resonant modes. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve in the first resonant mode. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve in the first resonant mode. Curve a3 is the total efficiency curve in the first resonant mode. Curve b1 is the S-parameter curve in the second resonant mode. Curve b2 is the radiation efficiency curve in the second resonant mode. Curve b3 is the total efficiency curve in the second resonant mode. As can be seen from curves a1 and b1, the antenna assembly 100 can operate in the N41 frequency band (2496-2696MHz) in both the first and second resonant modes. As can be seen from curves a3 and b3, the antenna assembly 100 has high efficiency (greater than or equal to -5dB) in the N41 frequency band (2496-2696MHz) in both the first and second resonant modes. In other words, the antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment switches the radiation pattern of N41 while continuously operating in N41.

[0108] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode, provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 8 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in a second resonant mode, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. In the first resonant mode, three main lobes are formed from top to bottom on the rear cover 400 side, and these three main lobes are slightly offset towards the second side 324. In the first resonant mode, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a radiation field null point on the first side 322 side.

[0109] In the second resonant mode, a main lobe is formed on the back cover 400 side facing the side where the first side 322 is located in the 1 / 2 wavelength mode. Under the influence of the longitudinal current from top to bottom on the reference ground 500, three radiating main lobes are also formed on the back cover 400 side from top to bottom, and these three radiating main lobes are largely biased towards the second side 324. A radiation field null point is formed between the three radiating main lobes from top to bottom and the main lobe pointing towards the first side 322.

[0110] Please see Figure 13a , Figure 13a This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application, showing the radiation patterns in the first and second resonant modes from a rear view perspective. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the first resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field in the second resonant mode. Furthermore, the zero point of the radiation field in the second resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field in the first resonant mode.

[0111] Please see Figure 13b , Figure 13b This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application, showing the radiation patterns in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode at a first side viewing angle 322. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the first resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field in the second resonant mode. Furthermore, the zero point of the radiation field in the second resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field in the first resonant mode.

[0112] Please see Figure 13c , Figure 13c This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application, showing the radiation patterns in the first and second resonant modes at the bottom viewing angle. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the first resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field in the second resonant mode. Furthermore, the zero point of the radiation field in the second resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field in the first resonant mode.

[0113] For any of the above implementation methods, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 14 The radiator 10 further includes a second feed point B2. The second feed point B2 is located between the first connection point E1 and the second free end A2.

[0114] Please see Figure 14 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a second signal source 40. The second signal source 40 is electrically connected to the second feed point B2. The second signal source 40 is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a third resonant mode supporting the second frequency band and a fourth resonant mode supporting the second frequency band.

[0115] The second signal source 40 includes, but is not limited to, radio frequency transceiver chips. In this embodiment, the second signal source 40 is located on the motherboard. The second signal source 40 is used to provide radio frequency excitation current. After the radio frequency excitation current is transmitted to the radiator 10, it can excite the radiator 10 to generate a resonant current, forming a resonant mode to support the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0116] Optional, please refer to Figure 14 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a second matching circuit M2, which is electrically connected between the second signal source 40 and the second feed point B2. The second matching circuit M2 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. By adjusting the impedance matching between the port of the second signal source 40 and the port of the radiator 10, the second matching circuit M2 facilitates the second signal source 40 to excite a resonant mode on the radiator 10.

[0117] The second frequency band includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: LB band (less than 1 GHz), MHB band (1-3 GHz), UHB band (greater than 3 GHz), Wi-Fi band, GPS band, etc.

[0118] Optionally, the second frequency band can be a different frequency band than the first frequency band. For example, the first frequency band is the MHB band, and the second frequency band is the UHB band.

[0119] In this embodiment, two signal sources support the first frequency band and the second frequency band through the same radiator 10. The first frequency band can achieve dual-mode switching at the same frequency, and the second frequency band can also achieve dual-mode switching at the same frequency. Without increasing the size of the radiator 10, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are kept stationary, so as to reduce the risk of frequency deviation, detuning, and efficiency reduction caused by the antenna being held in place, and improve the working stability of the antenna assembly 100.

[0120] Optional, please refer to Figure 15 The third resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode between the first connection point E1 and the second free end A2. Simultaneously, a unidirectional current distribution in a 1 / 2 wavelength mode is formed between the first connection point E1 and the first free end A1.

[0121] Specifically, the resonant current of the third resonant mode is distributed between the second free terminal A2 and the first connection point E1, and is grounded through the first connection point E1. At this time, the tuning circuit 20 can be in a low impedance state for the second frequency band (e.g., grounded with a small inductor), so that the resonant current on the radiator 10 can be grounded through the first connection point E1 and the tuning circuit 20, thereby increasing the distribution of the resonant current of the third resonant mode from the first connection point E1 to the second free terminal A2, and enhancing the third resonant mode. The first matching circuit M1 is in a high impedance state for the second frequency band (e.g., grounded with a large inductor), so that the resonant current on the radiator 10 will not be grounded through the first feed point B1 and the first matching circuit M1, thereby forming a unidirectional current distribution of a 1 / 2 wavelength mode between the first connection point E1 and the first free terminal A1.

[0122] Optionally, the resonant current in the third resonant mode can flow from the second free end A2 to the first connection point E1, or from the first connection point E1 to the second free end A2. The intensity of the resonant current in the third resonant mode gradually increases from weak to strong.

[0123] Specifically, the electrical length between the second free end A2 and the first connection point E1 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band, so as to excite the second free end A2 and the first connection point E1 to form a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band. The approximation described herein is approximately 1 / 10 wavelength with fluctuations.

[0124] The antenna configuration between the second free end A2 and the first connection point E1 on the radiator 10 is an IFA antenna, and the 1 / 4 wavelength mode is the ground mode of the IFA antenna, which has relatively high efficiency. Therefore, the second frequency band supported by the third resonant mode has relatively high efficiency.

[0125] Furthermore, the electrical length between the first connection point E1 and the first free end A1 is close to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band. Since the first connection point E1 also has a relatively weak unidirectional current distribution on the side away from the second free end A2, the unidirectional current distribution mode is close to half the wavelength mode of the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0126] Optional, please refer to Figure 16 The fourth resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode between the first feed point B1 and the first free end A1. Simultaneously, a unidirectional current distribution in a 1 / 2 wavelength mode is formed between the first feed point B1 and the second free end A2.

[0127] Specifically, the resonant current of the fourth resonant mode is distributed between the first free end A1 and the first feed point B1, and is grounded through the first feed point B1 and the first matching circuit M1. At this time, the tuning circuit 20 can be in a high impedance state (e.g., high inductance to ground) for the second frequency band, and the first matching circuit M1 can be in a low impedance state (e.g., low inductance to ground) for the second frequency band, so that the resonant current on the radiator 10 can be grounded through the first feed point B1 and the first matching circuit M1, thereby increasing the distribution of the resonant current of the fourth resonant mode between the first free end A1 and the first feed point B1, and enhancing the fourth resonant mode.

[0128] Optionally, the resonant current in the fourth resonant mode can flow from the first free end A1 to the first feed point B1, or from the first feed point B1 to the first free end A1. The intensity of the resonant current in the fourth resonant mode gradually increases from weak to strong.

[0129] Specifically, the electrical length between the first free end A1 and the first feed point B1 is close to or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band, so as to excite the formation of a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band between the first free end A1 and the first feed point B1. The approximation described herein is approximately 1 / 10 wavelength with fluctuations.

[0130] The antenna configuration between the first free end A1 and the first feed point B1 on the radiator 10 is an IFA antenna, and the 1 / 4 wavelength mode is the ground mode of the IFA antenna, which has relatively high efficiency. Therefore, the second frequency band supported by the fourth resonant mode has relatively high efficiency.

[0131] Furthermore, the electrical length between the first feed point B1 and the second free end A2 is close to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band. Since the first feed point B1 also has a relatively weak unidirectional current distribution on the side away from the first free end A1, the unidirectional current distribution mode is close to half the wavelength mode of the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0132] Optionally, the first matching circuit M1 is a switchable circuit, which can be switched to a low impedance state or a high impedance state with respect to the second frequency band. The low impedance state of the first matching circuit M1 with respect to the second frequency band includes grounding with a small inductance, etc. The high impedance state of the first matching circuit M1 with respect to the second frequency band includes grounding with a large inductance, etc.

[0133] In the third resonant mode, the tuning circuit 20 is in a low impedance state to the second frequency band, which is conducive to forming a 1 / 4 wavelength mode current distribution from the second free end A2 to the first connection point E1 and then to ground through the first connection point E1; the first matching circuit M1 is in a high impedance state to the second frequency band, which is conducive to the current on the radiator 10 not being grounded through the first matching circuit M1, and forming a weaker 1 / 2 wavelength mode current distribution in the same direction between the first free end A1 and the first connection point E1.

[0134] The tuning circuit 20 is in a low-impedance state for the second frequency band, including low inductance to ground, short circuit to ground, and large capacitance to ground.

[0135] In the fourth resonant mode, the first matching circuit M1 is in a low impedance state to the second frequency band, which is conducive to forming a 1 / 4 wavelength mode current distribution from the first free end A1 to the first feed point B1 and grounded through the first matching circuit M1; the tuning circuit 20 is in a high impedance state to the second frequency band, which is conducive to the current on the radiator 10 not being grounded through the tuning circuit 20, and forming a weaker 1 / 2 wavelength mode current distribution in the same direction between the first feed point B1 and the second free end A2.

[0136] The tuning circuit 20 is in a high impedance state for the second frequency band, including small capacitor to ground, large inductor to ground, open circuit, etc.

[0137] Optional, please refer to Figure 17 Since a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band is formed between the first free end A1 and the first connection point E1, the main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode includes the direction of the reference ground 500 toward the radiator 10.

[0138] Furthermore, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode is also affected by the longitudinal current from top to bottom on the reference ground 500, forming three radiation main lobes from top to bottom on the back cover 400 side. Therefore, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode forms three radiation main lobes that are relatively biased towards the side where the radiator 10 is located (within the dashed box in the figure) and a radiation field null point is formed on the side of the reference ground 500 away from the radiator 10.

[0139] Optional, please refer to Figure 18 Due to the 1 / 4 IFA wavelength mode between the first free end A1 and the first feed point B1, the main radiating lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the fourth resonant mode includes the direction in which the reference ground plane 500 is away from the radiator 10. Since the resonant current of the fourth resonant mode is grounded through the first matching circuit M1, the antenna assembly 100 has a grounding current flowing to the reference ground plane 500 in the fourth resonant mode. The reference ground plane 500 forms a current distribution along its width direction from strong to weak starting from the grounding point of the first matching circuit M1. The radiation pattern points from the direction of current phase leading (high intensity) to the direction of current phase lagging (low intensity). Therefore, the direction of the main radiating lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the fourth resonant mode (within the dashed box in the figure) includes the direction in which the reference ground plane 500 is away from the radiator 10.

[0140] Furthermore, the fourth resonant mode is the IFA mode. The electrical length of the first free end A1-first feed point B1 and the reference ground 500 along the longitudinal direction is close to 3 / 2 wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band. Therefore, the current on the first free end A1-first feed point B1 and the longitudinal current formed on the reference ground 500 from top to bottom are close to the 3 / 2 wavelength mode. Each 1 / 2 wavelength mode corresponds to a radiation lobe. Therefore, the antenna assembly 100 forms a portion of three main radiation lobes from top to bottom in the fourth resonant mode, and these three main radiation lobes (within the dashed box in the figure) are biased towards the reference ground 500 in the direction away from the radiator 10. For example, the first free end A1 of the radiator 10 is located at the top edge 321, and the second free end A2 of the radiator 10 is located at the first side edge 322. Under the influence of the half-wavelength current mode between the first feed point B1 and the second free end A2, the antenna assembly 100 forms another portion of three main radiating lobes from top to bottom on the back cover 400 side in the fourth resonant mode (within the dashed box in the figure), which are biased towards the side where the radiator 10 is located. A radiation field null point is formed between the two portions of three main radiating lobes from top to bottom.

[0141] Therefore, in the third resonant mode, the radiation main lobe direction of the antenna assembly 100 includes the direction from the reference ground 500 to the radiator 10. Thus, the main radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode is at least partially complementary to the main radiation direction in the fourth resonant mode. Therefore, by switching between the third and fourth resonant modes on the radiator 10, the radiation direction of the second frequency band can also be switched, thereby reducing signal degradation in weak fields and improving signal stability.

[0142] As can be seen from the above, the main lobe of the radiator 10 pointed to by the reference ground 500 in the third resonant mode can cover the zero point of the radiation field in the fourth resonant mode, and the main lobe of the radiator 10 pointed to by the reference ground 500 in the fourth resonant mode can cover the zero point of the radiation field in the third resonant mode, so as to achieve pattern complementarity.

[0143] Optionally, the controller is electrically connected to the first matching circuit M1. The controller is used to switch the first matching circuit M1 to a high-impedance state or a low-impedance state for the second frequency band based on the signal strength indication of the second frequency band received by the radiator 10.

[0144] Please see Figure 19The first matching circuit M1 includes a matching switch M11, a first matching branch M12, and a second matching branch M13. One end of the matching switch M11 is electrically connected to the first feed point B1. The matching switch M11 is also electrically connected to the first matching branch M12 and the second matching branch M13. The first matching branch M12 can be a low impedance to ground. The low impedance to ground includes, but is not limited to, a short circuit to ground, a small inductance to ground (e.g., less than 2nH), and a large capacitor to ground (e.g., 5pF or more). The second matching branch M13 includes a large impedance to ground. The large impedance to ground includes, but is not limited to, a small capacitor (e.g., less than or equal to 1pF) to ground and a large inductance (e.g., 10nH or more) to ground.

[0145] The controller is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first matching switch M11 to control the first matching switch M11 to either connect the first feed point B1 to the first matching branch M12 (first tuning state) or connect the first feed point B1 to the second matching branch M13 (second tuning state). The controller is used to switch the first matching circuit M1 to a low impedance to ground state or a high impedance to ground state based on the signal strength indication of the second frequency band received by the radiator 10. That is, when the signal strength indication of the second frequency band received by the radiator 10 is less than a second preset strength, the controller controls the first matching switch M11 to switch the current impedance state.

[0146] This application does not specifically limit the position of the radiator 10. Optionally, the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 may be located at the top edge 321, or a portion of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 may be located at the top edge 321, and another portion may be located at the first side edge 322; or, a portion of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 may be located at the top edge 321, and another portion may be located at the second side edge 324. In other words, the radiator 10 can be located in the upper part of the electronic device 1000 to reduce the impact of holding it with one left hand or one right hand on the radiator 10. When a portion of the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is located at the top edge 321, and another portion is located at the first side edge 322 or the second side edge 324, it also prevents the radiator 10 from being completely gripped by the hand when holding the device horizontally with both hands. In this case, mode switching can be used to maintain the efficiency of the current frequency band.

[0147] Further, please refer to Figure 19 The first free end A1 and the first feed point B1 are located on the top edge 321, and the grounding point D, the first connection point E1 and the second free end A2 are located on the first side 322 or the second side 324 to form a complementary radiation pattern during mode switching.

[0148] In a first optional embodiment, the tuning circuit 20 is in a low impedance state to the first frequency band and a low impedance state to the second frequency band in the first tuning state. At this time, the tuning circuit 20 includes, but is not limited to, being short-circuited to ground or having a small inductance (e.g., 1nH, 2nH) to ground. The first matching circuit M1 is in a high impedance state to the first frequency band and a high impedance state to the second frequency band. At this time, the first matching circuit M1 includes, but is not limited to, having a large inductance to ground (e.g., 20nH) or a small capacitor to ground (e.g., less than 1pF), so that the first resonant mode and the third resonant mode can coexist, that is, the first resonant mode of the first frequency band and the third resonant mode of the second frequency band can work simultaneously.

[0149] In a second optional embodiment, the tuning circuit 20, in the first tuning state, exhibits low impedance to the first frequency band and high impedance to the second frequency band. In this case, the tuning circuit 20 may include, but is not limited to, being short-circuited to ground or having a small inductance to ground (e.g., 5nH). The first matching circuit M1 exhibits high impedance to the first frequency band and low impedance to the second frequency band. In this case, the first matching circuit M1 may include, but is not limited to, having a small capacitance to ground (e.g., less than 1pF). This allows the first resonant mode and the fourth resonant mode to coexist, meaning the first resonant mode of the first frequency band and the fourth resonant mode of the second frequency band operate simultaneously.

[0150] In a third optional embodiment, the tuning circuit 20, in the first tuning state, exhibits high impedance to the first frequency band and low impedance to the second frequency band. In this case, the tuning circuit 20 includes, but is not limited to, a small capacitor to ground (e.g., less than 1 pF). The first matching circuit M1 exhibits low impedance to the first frequency band and high impedance to the second frequency band. In this case, the first matching circuit M1 includes, but is not limited to, a short circuit to ground or a small inductance to ground (e.g., 5 nH). This allows the second resonant mode and the third resonant mode to coexist, meaning the second resonant mode of the first frequency band and the third resonant mode of the second frequency band operate simultaneously.

[0151] In a fourth optional embodiment, the tuning circuit 20 is in a state of high impedance to both the first and second frequency bands in the first tuning state. In this case, the tuning circuit 20 may include, but is not limited to, a large inductor to ground (e.g., 20nH) or a small capacitor to ground (e.g., less than 1pF). The first matching circuit M1 is in a state of low impedance to both the first and second frequency bands. In this case, the first matching circuit M1 may include, but is not limited to, a short circuit to ground or a small inductor (e.g., 1nH, 2nH) to ground, to allow the second and fourth resonant modes to coexist, i.e., the second resonant mode of the first frequency band and the fourth resonant mode of the second frequency band operate simultaneously.

[0152] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 2 of this application. A second feed point B2 is also provided between the first connection point E1 and the second free end A2 of the radiator 10, and a second signal source 40 is electrically connected to the second feed point B2. The second signal source 40 is used to provide an excitation signal for the N78 frequency band.

[0153] Please see Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 20 , Figure 21 , Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode according to Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the current distribution of an antenna assembly 100 in the fourth resonant mode according to Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 20 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly 100 in the third resonance mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 21 This is a current simulation diagram of an antenna assembly 100 in the fourth resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0154] When the second signal source 40 is working, it excites the N78 dual-mode at the same frequency. The third resonant mode is the 1 / 4 IFA mode (side IFA) from the first connection point E1 to the second free end A2. This mode is the main operating mode, and there is also a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the same direction on the entire stub. The current in this 1 / 2 wavelength mode is relatively weak. The fourth resonant mode is the 1 / 4 IFA mode (top IFA) from the first feed point B1 to the first free end A1. This mode is the main operating mode, and there is also a 1 / 2 wavelength mode in the same direction on the entire stub. The current in this 1 / 2 wavelength mode is relatively weak.

[0155] Please see Figure 22 , Figure 22 This is an S-parameter curve diagram of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application in the third resonant mode and the fourth resonant mode. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve in the third resonant mode. Curve b1 is the S-parameter curve in the fourth resonant mode. It can be seen from curves a1 and b1 that the antenna assembly 100 can operate in the N78 frequency band (3300-3800MHz) in both the third and fourth resonant modes.

[0156] Please see Figure 23 , Figure 23 This is an efficiency curve of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application in the third and fourth resonant modes.

[0157] Curve a1 is the radiation efficiency curve in the third resonant mode. Curve a2 is the overall efficiency curve in the third resonant mode. Curve b1 is the radiation efficiency curve in the fourth resonant mode. Curve b2 is the overall efficiency curve in the fourth resonant mode. As can be seen from curves a2 and b2, the antenna assembly 100 exhibits high efficiency (greater than or equal to -8dB) in both the third and fourth resonant modes operating in the N78 frequency band (3300-3800MHz). In other words, the antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment can achieve constant operation in both the N41 and N78 frequency bands without adding additional stubs, and can switch the current mode and radiation pattern between the N41 and N78 frequency bands.

[0158] Please see Figure 17 and Figure 18 , Figure 17 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 18 This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in a fourth resonant mode, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application. In the third resonant mode, three main lobes are formed from top to bottom on the back cover 400 side, and due to the current influence of the 1 / 2 wavelength mode, these three main lobes are slightly biased towards the first side 322. In the third resonant mode, the radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 forms a radiation field null point on the second side 324 side.

[0159] The fourth resonant mode, under the influence of the longitudinal current on the reference ground 500, forms three main lobes from top to bottom, and these three main lobes are biased towards the side where the second side 324 is located. Due to the influence of the current in the half-wavelength mode, the fourth resonant mode forms another three main lobes from top to bottom on the back cover 400 side, biased towards the side where the first side 322 is located. A zero point of radiation field is formed between the two parts of the three main lobes from top to bottom.

[0160] Please see Figure 24a , Figure 24a This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application in a rear view section under the third and fourth resonant modes. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the third resonant mode is surrounded by the radiation field in the fourth resonant mode. And the zero point of the radiation field in the fourth resonant mode is surrounded by the radiation field in the third resonant mode.

[0161] Please see Figure 24b , Figure 24bThis is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application, in the third resonant mode and the fourth resonant mode, at a viewing angle section of the first side 322. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the third resonant mode is surrounded by the radiation field in the fourth resonant mode. And the zero point of the radiation field in the fourth resonant mode is surrounded by the radiation field in the third resonant mode.

[0162] Please see Figure 24c , Figure 24c This is a polar coordinate radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 provided in Embodiment 1 of this application in the third and fourth resonant modes at the bottom viewing angle. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode. It can be seen that the radiation field null point in the third resonant mode is surrounded by the radiation field of the fourth resonant mode. Furthermore, the radiation field null point in the fourth resonant mode is surrounded by the radiation field of the third resonant mode. It can be seen that the two modes in the N78 band exhibit obvious pattern complementarity.

[0163] Optionally, the first frequency band may include, but is not limited to, the N41 frequency band. The second frequency band may include, but is not limited to, the N78 frequency band.

[0164] Under current antenna designs, single-band antennas operate in a single current mode with a fixed radiation pattern, making radiation pattern switching impossible. However, since major frequency band antennas such as MHB and N78 often employ four MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antennas, their radiation patterns are somewhat complementary. Therefore, the radiation pattern formed by the four antennas in MIMO can achieve radiation pattern coverage. However, in scenarios where certain handheld electronic devices are held tightly, such as one-handed use, most antennas are locked in place. In such cases, the ability to switch radiation patterns would offer significant benefits. Furthermore, in gaming scenarios where electronic devices are held horizontally with both hands, it's impossible to distinguish between user postures where the USB side is on the left or right. For example, if the gaming antenna is designed on the left, it will be locked in place when the USB side is on the left, and vice versa.

[0165] Based on this, the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application embodiment achieves mode switching through same-frequency multi-mode, thereby switching the radiation pattern and realizing radiation pattern reconfigurability, which can enhance the working efficiency of the main frequency band antenna under single-hand and two-hand holding.

[0166] Please see Figure 25 , Figure 25These are the S-parameter curves of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application in the N41 band under the first and second resonant modes in a one-handed holding scenario. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve in the first resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a2 is the S-parameter curve in the first resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve a3 is the S-parameter curve in the second resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a4 is the S-parameter curve in the second resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 can operate in the N41 band (2496-2696MHz) in both the first and second resonant modes, regardless of whether it is held with the left or right hand.

[0167] Please see Figure 26 , Figure 26 This is an efficiency curve diagram of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment, operating in a single-handed scenario, for the N41 frequency band in the first and second resonant modes. Curve a1 is the radiation efficiency curve in the first resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve in the first resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve a3 is the radiation efficiency curve in the second resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a4 is the radiation efficiency curve in the second resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve b1 is the overall efficiency curve in the first resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve b2 is the overall efficiency curve in the first resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve b3 is the overall efficiency curve in the second resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve b4 is the overall efficiency curve in the second resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 has high efficiency (greater than or equal to -5dB) in both the first and second resonant modes operating in the N41 frequency band (2496-2696MHz). In other words, the antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment switches the radiation pattern of N41 while continuously operating in N41.

[0168] Please see Figure 27a and Figure 27b , Figure 27a This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode when held in the left hand, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 27b This embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly 100 with a 3D radiation pattern in a second resonant mode when held in the left hand. Under hand-mounted medium loading, the main radiation direction of the first resonant mode is the main lobe of radiation facing outwards and upwards (towards the top edge 321) from the side of the rear cover 400. Under hand-mounted medium loading, the main radiation direction of the second resonant mode is the main lobe of radiation facing upwards (towards the top edge 321) from the side of the rear cover 400.

[0169] Please see Figure 27c and Figure 27d , Figure 27cThis is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode when held in the right hand, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 27d This embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly 100 with a 3D radiation pattern in the second resonant mode when held in the right hand. Under hand-held medium loading, the main radiation direction of the first resonant mode is the main lobe facing outwards and partially upwards (towards the top edge 321) from the side of the rear cover 400. Under hand-held medium loading, the main radiation direction of the second resonant mode is the main lobe facing upwards (towards the top edge 321) from the side of the rear cover 400. The radiation patterns of the N41 band in the first and second resonant modes under both left and right hand holding scenarios show a clear pattern switching characteristic.

[0170] Please see Figure 28a , Figure 28a This embodiment of the application shows the polar coordinate radiation patterns of an antenna assembly 100 in a single-handed holding scenario, in the first and second resonant modes, viewed from a rear view. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a3 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode when held with the right hand, and curve a4 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the first resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the second resonant mode. Furthermore, the zero point of the radiation field in the second resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the first resonant mode.

[0171] Please see Figure 28b , Figure 28b This embodiment of the application shows the polar coordinate radiation patterns of an antenna assembly 100 in a single-handed holding scenario, in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode, at a first side view angle section 322. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a3 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode when held with the right hand, and curve a4 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the first resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the second resonant mode. Furthermore, the zero point of the radiation field in the second resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the first resonant mode.

[0172] Please see Figure 28c , Figure 28cThis embodiment of the application shows the polar coordinate radiation patterns of an antenna assembly 100 in a single-handed holding scenario, in the first and second resonant modes, viewed from the bottom edge. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a3 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the first resonant mode when held with the right hand, and curve a4 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the second resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the first resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the second resonant mode, and vice versa. It can also be seen that, in both the left-handed and right-handed holding scenarios, the N41 band exhibits significant radiation pattern complementarity in the first and second resonant modes.

[0173] Please see Figure 29 , Figure 29 These are the S-parameter curves of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application in the N41 band under the third and fourth resonant modes in a one-handed holding scenario. Curve a1 is the S-parameter curve in the third resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a2 is the S-parameter curve in the third resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve a3 is the S-parameter curve in the fourth resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a4 is the S-parameter curve in the fourth resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that, regardless of whether it is held with the left or right hand, the antenna assembly 100 can operate in the N78 band (3300-3800MHz) in both the third and fourth resonant modes.

[0174] Please see Figure 30 , Figure 30 This is a graph showing the efficiency curves of the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application in the N78 band under a one-handed holding scenario, in the third and fourth resonant modes. Curve a1 is the radiation efficiency curve in the third resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a2 is the radiation efficiency curve in the third resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve a3 is the radiation efficiency curve in the fourth resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a4 is the radiation efficiency curve in the fourth resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve b1 is the total efficiency curve in the third resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve b2 is the total efficiency curve in the third resonant mode when held with the right hand. Curve b3 is the total efficiency curve in the fourth resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve b4 is the total efficiency curve in the fourth resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the antenna assembly 100 has high efficiency (greater than or equal to -6dB) in both the third and fourth resonant modes in the N78 band (3300-3800MHz). In other words, the antenna assembly 100 provided in this embodiment switches the radiation pattern of the N78 band while operating continuously in the N78 band.

[0175] Please see Figure 31a and Figure 31b , Figure 31a This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode when held in the left hand, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 31b This embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly 100 with a fourth resonant mode field radiation pattern when held in the left hand. Under hand-medium loading, the main radiation direction of the third resonant mode is the main lobe radiating towards the side where the first side 322 is located. Under hand-medium loading, the main radiation direction of the fourth resonant mode consists of a portion of the main lobe radiating towards the side where the second side 324 is located and another portion radiating towards the side where the first side 322 is located.

[0176] Please see Figure 31c and Figure 31d , Figure 31c This is a 3D radiation pattern of an antenna assembly 100 in the third resonant mode when held in the right hand, according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 31d This embodiment of the application provides an antenna assembly 100 with a fourth resonant mode under right-hand grip, exhibiting a 3D radiation pattern. Under hand-grip loading, the main radiation direction of the third resonant mode is the main lobe radiating towards the side containing the first side 322. Under hand-grip loading, the main radiation direction of the fourth resonant mode consists of a portion radiating towards the side containing the second side 324 and another portion radiating towards the side containing the first side 322. The radiation patterns of the N78 band in the third and fourth resonant modes under both left- and right-hand grip scenarios show a clear pattern switching characteristic.

[0177] Please see Figure 32a , Figure 32a This document describes the polar coordinate radiation patterns of an antenna assembly 100 provided in this application, in a single-handed holding scenario, in the third and fourth resonant modes, as shown in a rear view. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode when held with the left hand, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a3 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode when held with the right hand, and curve a4 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the third resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the fourth resonant mode, and vice versa.

[0178] Please see Figure 32b , Figure 32bThis embodiment of the application presents polar coordinate radiation patterns of an antenna assembly 100 in a single-handed holding scenario, in the third and fourth resonant modes, at a first side 322 viewing angle section. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held with the left hand, curve a3 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode when held with the right hand, and curve a4 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the zero point of the radiation field in the third resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the fourth resonant mode. Furthermore, the zero point of the radiation field in the fourth resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the third resonant mode.

[0179] Please see Figure 32c , Figure 32c This document presents polar coordinate radiation patterns of an antenna assembly 100 in the third and fourth resonant modes at the bottom viewing angle, according to an embodiment of this application. Curve a1 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode when held with the left hand, and curve a2 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held with the left hand. Curve a3 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the third resonant mode when held with the right hand, and curve a4 is the polar coordinate radiation pattern in the fourth resonant mode when held with the right hand. It can be seen that the null point of the radiation field in the third resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the fourth resonant mode. Furthermore, the null point of the radiation field in the fourth resonant mode is enveloped by the radiation field of the third resonant mode. It can be seen that, in both left-hand and right-hand holding scenarios, the N78 band exhibits significant radiation pattern complementarity in the third and fourth resonant modes.

[0180] This application provides a beam-scanning pattern-reconfigurable antenna design. Through tuning switches in the tuning circuit 20, it achieves multi-mode operation at the same frequency; and through multi-mode switching at the same frequency, it achieves pattern reconfiguration. In a single-handed grip scenario, it achieves pattern switching and complementarity between the N41 and N78 frequency bands. Regardless of whether the user is holding the device with their left or right hand, there is a clear pattern complementarity characteristic, while simultaneously satisfying the two-handed grip posture. In weak field conditions, where multiple antennas are locked in place and there is no MIMO pattern gain, it achieves single-antenna pattern reconfiguration, improving the user's weak field communication experience.

[0181] Optionally, the first signal source 30 is a mobile communication signal source, and the second signal source 40 is also a mobile communication signal source.

[0182] Please see Figure 33 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a satellite communication signal source 60 and a switching unit 70. One end of the switching unit 70 is electrically connected to the second connection point E2 of the radiator 10. The switching unit 70 is also electrically connected to the satellite communication signal source 60 and the mobile communication signal source.

[0183] The satellite communication signal source 60 is switched to be connected to the second connection point E2 via the switching unit 70. The satellite communication signal is used to excite the radiator 10 to form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band, so as to form the main lobe of the radiator 10 in the direction away from the reference floor 500.

[0184] Optionally, the first frequency band is the N41 band. The first frequency band is close to the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band (1980-2200MHz). Therefore, by matching and adjusting, the radiator 10 can be reused as the radiator 10 of the satellite antenna. Then, when the electronic device 1000 is in satellite communication mode, the controller can control the switching unit 70 to disconnect the electrical connection between the first signal source 30 and the first feed point B1, disconnect the electrical connection between the second signal source 40 and the second feed point B2, and connect the electrical connection between the satellite communication signal source 60 and the second connection point E2 of the radiator 10.

[0185] The second connection point E2 can be the first power supply point B1, the second power supply point B2, or the first connection point E1, in order to reduce the number of ports required.

[0186] When the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 is located on the top edge 321, the radiator 10 is reused as a satellite antenna and can radiate satellite signals toward the top.

[0187] In another implementation, please refer to Figure 34 The antenna assembly 100 further includes a satellite antenna module 80. A satellite radiator 81 of the satellite antenna module 80 is located on the top edge 321. A coupling gap is formed between the radiator 10 and the satellite radiator 81. When the satellite antenna module 80 is operating, the radiator 10, coupled with the satellite radiator 81, forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band, thereby forming a main radiating lobe on the top edge 321 facing away from the reference ground plane 500 (facing upwards). When the satellite antenna module 80 is operating, the switching unit 70 switches to disconnect the electrical connection between the first feed point B1 and the first signal source 30, and switches to disconnect the electrical connection between the second feed point B2 and the second signal source 40.

[0188] Optionally, the first frequency band is the N41 band. The first frequency band is close to the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band (1980-2200MHz). The radiator 10 is also reused as a parasitic radiator 10 of the satellite radiator 81. The satellite radiator 81 forms a radiation main lobe with its top edge 321 facing upwards, and the radiator 10 can further enhance the gain of the radiation main lobe with its top edge 321 facing upwards.

[0189] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application, and such improvements and refinements are also considered to be within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly comprising: A radiator, comprising a first free end, a first feed point, a grounding point, a first connection point, and a second free end arranged sequentially, wherein the grounding point is grounded; A tuning circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first connection point, and the other end of which is grounded, wherein the tuning circuit has a first tuning state and a second tuning state; and A first signal source is electrically connected to the first feed point. The first signal source is used to excite the radiator to form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band when the tuning circuit is in the first tuning state. The first resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the ground point. The first signal source is also used to excite the radiator to form a second resonant mode supporting the first frequency band when the second tuning circuit is in the second tuning state. The second resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode formed between the first free end and the second free end.

2. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first tuning state is a short circuit to ground state; the second tuning state is a small capacitor to ground state.

3. The electronic device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a reference floor, and the radiator is disposed along the edge of the reference floor and spaced apart from the reference floor; In the first resonant mode, the radiation main lobe direction of the antenna assembly includes the direction in which the reference ground plane is away from the radiator; In the second resonant mode, the radiation main lobe direction of the antenna assembly includes the direction from the reference ground to the radiator.

4. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a controller electrically connected to the tuning circuit, the controller being configured to switch the tuning circuit to a first tuning state or a second tuning state based on the signal strength indication of the first frequency band received by the radiator.

5. The electronic device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator further includes a second feed point, which is located between the first connection point and the second free end; The antenna assembly further includes a second signal source electrically connected to the second feed point. The second signal source is used to excite the radiator to form a third resonant mode supporting the second frequency band and a fourth resonant mode supporting the second frequency band.

6. The electronic device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The third resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode between the first connection point and the second free end, and simultaneously forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode unidirectional current distribution between the first connection point and the first free end.

7. The electronic device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth resonant mode includes a 1 / 4 wavelength mode between the first feed point and the first free end, and simultaneously forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode unidirectional current distribution between the first feed point and the second free end.

8. The electronic device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a matching circuit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first feed point, and the other end of which is electrically connected to the first signal source; the matching circuit is a switchable circuit; in the third resonant mode, the matching circuit is in a state of high impedance to the second frequency band, and the tuning circuit is in a state of low impedance to the second frequency band. In the fourth resonant mode, the matching circuit is in a state of low impedance to the second frequency band, and the tuning circuit is in a state of high impedance to the second frequency band.

9. The electronic device as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a reference ground plane, the radiator is disposed along the edge of the reference ground plane and spaced apart from the reference ground plane, and the main lobe of the antenna assembly in the third resonant mode includes the direction of the reference ground plane toward the radiator; In the fourth resonant mode, the main lobe of the antenna assembly includes the direction in which the reference ground is away from the radiator.

10. The electronic device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The tuning circuit is in a low impedance state to the first frequency band and a low impedance state to the second frequency band in the first tuning state; the matching circuit is in a high impedance state to the first frequency band and a high impedance state to the second frequency band.

11. The electronic device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The tuning circuit is in a low impedance state to the first frequency band and a high impedance state to the second frequency band in the first tuning state; the matching circuit is in a high impedance state to the first frequency band and a low impedance state to the second frequency band.

12. The electronic device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The tuning circuit is in a state of high impedance to the first frequency band and low impedance to the second frequency band in the first tuning state; the matching circuit is in a state of low impedance to the first frequency band and high impedance to the second frequency band.

13. The electronic device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The tuning circuit is in a state of high impedance to the first frequency band and high impedance to the second frequency band in the first tuning state; the matching circuit is in a state of low impedance to the first frequency band and low impedance to the second frequency band.

14. The electronic device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a controller electrically connected to the matching circuit, the controller being configured to switch the matching circuit to a high impedance state or a low impedance state for the second frequency band based on the signal strength indication of the second frequency band received by the radiator.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 5-14, characterized in that, The first frequency band includes the N41 frequency band, and the second frequency band includes the N78 frequency band.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The first signal source is a mobile communication signal source; the antenna assembly further includes a satellite communication signal source and a switching unit. One end of the switching unit is electrically connected to the second connection point of the radiator. The switching unit is also electrically connected to the satellite communication signal source and the mobile communication signal source. The satellite communication signal source is switched to be connected to the second connection point through the switching unit. The satellite communication signal is used to excite the radiator to form a 1 / 2 wavelength mode that supports the satellite communication frequency band.

17. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, The electronic device further includes a frame, which includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge connected in sequence. The radiator of the antenna assembly is disposed on the top edge, or a portion of the radiator of the antenna assembly is disposed on the top edge, and another portion of the radiator of the antenna assembly is disposed on the first side edge.

18. The electronic device as claimed in claim 17, characterized in that, The antenna assembly also includes a satellite antenna module, with a satellite radiator of the satellite antenna module located on the top edge. A coupling gap is formed between the radiator and the satellite radiator. When the satellite antenna module is working, the radiator forms a 1 / 2 wavelength mode that supports the satellite communication frequency band under the coupling of the satellite radiator.

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