Cable trench environment comprehensive management system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cable trench environment comprehensive management system, and belongs to the technical field of electric power engineering. The system comprises a channel groove, a main air channel, a branch pipe, a refrigeration unit, a multi-source sensing array and a control module. An operation and maintenance channel is arranged in the center of the channel groove, cable cabins are arranged on two sides, and a protective cover plate is arranged on the top; the main air duct is embedded at the bottom of the cable cabin along the length direction of the channel groove; the branch pipe is connected with the main air duct and the operation and maintenance channel; the refrigeration unit is connected with the main air duct; the multi-source sensing array comprises an infrared temperature measurement array and a temperature sensor; a fuzzy PID algorithm module is arranged in the control module, and the refrigeration unit is controlled to start and stop according to the temperature data. The system further comprises a structure health monitoring system, a central controller and the like. According to the system, accurate regulation and control of the temperature in the cable trench, real-time monitoring of structure health and high efficiency and convenience of operation and maintenance are realized, and the safety and reliability of cable operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power engineering technology, and in particular to a comprehensive management system for cable trench environment. Background Technology

[0002] In power engineering, cable trenches are crucial facilities for laying and protecting cables. However, traditional cable trenches suffer from numerous problems: inaccurate temperature control, leading to malfunctions due to cable overheating; a lack of effective structural health monitoring methods, making it difficult to monitor the trench's safety status in real time; inadequate maintenance access design, causing inconvenience for inspection and maintenance personnel; and insufficient protective performance, making them susceptible to external environmental factors such as rain and electromagnetic interference. These problems seriously affect the safe and stable operation of cables; therefore, there is an urgent need for a cable trench environmental management system that can comprehensively address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive environmental management system for cable trenches, which aims to solve the technical problems existing in traditional cable trenches in terms of temperature control, structural monitoring, operation and maintenance and protection.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, according to one aspect of this application, an embodiment of the present invention provides a comprehensive cable trench environmental management system, comprising:

[0005] The trench has a central maintenance passage, recessed cable compartments on both sides, and a protective cover on top.

[0006] The main air duct is embedded in the bottom of the cable compartment and located on at least one side of the maintenance passage. The main air duct is arranged along the length of the trench.

[0007] Branch pipe, one end of which is connected to the main air duct and the other end is connected to the maintenance channel;

[0008] The refrigeration unit is connected to the main air duct.

[0009] Multi-source sensing array, including infrared temperature measurement array and temperature sensor;

[0010] The control module, connected to the infrared temperature measurement array and temperature sensor, has a built-in fuzzy PID algorithm module for receiving input signals from the multi-source sensing array in real time and generating control commands. The output is connected to the cooling unit to control the start and stop of the cooling unit based on temperature data.

[0011] In some embodiments, the net height H of the maintenance passage and the height h of the cable hull satisfy H = 1.8h ± 5%, the bottom of the maintenance passage is equipped with an anti-slip corrugated plate, and the net height H of the maintenance passage is not less than 2 meters; and / or,

[0012] The main air duct adopts a tapered cross-section design, with the inlet cross-sectional area S1 and the end cross-sectional area S2 satisfying S1 / S2=1.25, and the pipe diameter d of the branch pipe satisfying d=0.3D of the main air duct diameter D.

[0013] In some embodiments, the temperature sensor is laid on the surface of the cable bundle in a spiral winding manner, with the winding spacing P satisfying P=3Φ with the cable diameter Φ, and the temperature measurement accuracy reaching ±0.3℃.

[0014] In some embodiments, the infrared temperature measurement array is installed on the top of the cable compartment, with the detection beam tilted downwards at a 15° angle to the horizontal plane, and the spatial resolution ≤5cm.

[0015] In some implementations, the cooling unit is activated when the infrared temperature array detects a cable surface temperature ≥ T1 or the temperature sensor detects an ambient temperature ≥ T2; the cooling fan is shut off when both temperatures are < T3.

[0016] Where T3 < T1 and T3 < T2.

[0017] In some implementations, a structural health monitoring system is also included, comprising:

[0018] A micro-strain sensor array is installed inside the channel groove;

[0019] Acoustic emission detectors, arranged at a density of 2 per meter;

[0020] The data fusion module calculates the structural safety index (SI) in real time.

[0021] In some implementations, when SI ≥ 0.7, the system automatically executes:

[0022] Trigger the audible and visual alarm;

[0023] Send an early warning signal to the remote monitoring terminal;

[0024] Generate a structural reinforcement recommendation report.

[0025] In some embodiments, the cable trench environmental integrated management system further includes a central controller connected to the control module. The central controller integrates a digital twin module to construct a three-dimensional visualization model containing temperature field, stress field, and flow field in real time, with an update frequency of ≥1Hz.

[0026] In some embodiments, there are multiple refrigeration units, each distributed along the length of the channel in a Fibonacci sequence; the spacing between adjacent refrigeration units satisfies the relationship Fn+1=Fn+Fn-1; where F1=1, F2=1; each refrigeration unit includes a phase change material chamber and a vortex tube cooler, the phase change material chamber being connected to the cold air outlet of the vortex tube cooler.

[0027] In some embodiments, the protective cover is an inverted V-shaped multi-layer structure, with a surface layer of fluorosilicone nano-coating with a contact angle >150°, a middle layer of aerogel insulation layer with a thermal conductivity <0.018W / (m·K), and a bottom layer of electromagnetic shielding mesh with a shielding effectiveness ≥60dB.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the cable trench environmental integrated management system of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention discloses a comprehensive environmental management system for cable trenches. Firstly, this system employs a dual-dimensional temperature measurement method using a multi-source sensing array, considering both the cable's own temperature and the surrounding environment's temperature. This avoids the potential biases of single-mode temperature measurement, resulting in more comprehensive and accurate temperature monitoring. Secondly, the application of a fuzzy PID algorithm module enables the control module to dynamically adjust the operation of the cooling unit based on real-time temperature changes. Compared to traditional control methods, this offers faster response speeds, higher control precision, and better adaptability to the complex and variable temperature environment within the cable trench. Furthermore, the coordination between the main air duct and branch pipes ensures that the cooling air is evenly distributed to all areas, preventing localized overheating or underheating and providing a stable operating environment for the cables. Simultaneously, the trench's structural design provides safe storage space for cables and equipment while facilitating daily maintenance and repair through access channels, reducing the risk of equipment failure due to inconvenient maintenance. Protective covers physically protect the internal equipment from external rainwater and debris, extending the equipment's lifespan. In summary, through the coordinated work of its components, the system achieves precise temperature control within the cable trench, effective monitoring of equipment operating status, and efficient operation and maintenance. This significantly improves the safety and reliability of cable operation, reduces the risk of power outages caused by cable faults, and has significant practical application value.

[0030] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated environmental management system for cable trenches provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 11. Maintenance access; 12. Cable compartment; 13. Cable cover;

[0035] 21. Main air duct; 22. Branch pipe;

[0036] 31. Infrared temperature measurement array; 32. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the specific embodiments, structures, features, and effects according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "embodiments" or "embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable form.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be clearly stated that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence; the terms "vertical," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "horizontal," etc., indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are merely for the convenience of describing this invention, and do not mean that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or position, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a comprehensive management system for cable trench environment, including:

[0041] The trench has a maintenance channel 11 in the center, recessed cable compartments 12 on both sides, and a protective cover plate 13 on the top.

[0042] The main air duct 21 is embedded in the bottom of the cable compartment 12 and located on at least one side of the maintenance channel 11. The main air duct 21 is arranged along the length of the channel.

[0043] Branch pipe 22, one end of which is connected to the main air duct 21 and the other end is connected to the maintenance channel 11;

[0044] The cooling unit is connected to the main air duct 21;

[0045] A multi-source sensing array, comprising an infrared temperature measurement array 31 and a temperature sensor 32;

[0046] The control module is connected to the infrared temperature measurement array 31 and the temperature sensor 32. It has a built-in fuzzy PID algorithm module, which is used to receive the input signals of the multi-source sensing array in real time and generate control commands. The output end is connected to the cooling unit; it is used to control the start and stop of the cooling unit according to the temperature data.

[0047] In this embodiment, the operation of the cable trench environmental integrated management system begins with the coordinated cooperation of its components. The trench serves as the basic supporting structure, and the realization of its core functions relies on the precise linkage of multiple components. The maintenance channel 11 in the center of the trench provides a safe and convenient operating space for staff. The recessed cable compartments 12 on both sides are used for the orderly placement of cables, while the protective cover 13 on top provides protection from above, blocking external environmental interference with the internal equipment.

[0048] The main air duct 21 is embedded in the bottom of the cable compartment 12 along the length of the trench and is located at least on one side of the maintenance channel 11. This layout ensures that the basic path for cold air delivery covers critical areas. One end of the branch pipe 22 is connected to the main air duct 21, and the other end leads to the maintenance channel 11, forming an airflow circulation network between the main air duct 21 and the maintenance channel 11. This allows cold air to diffuse from the main air duct 21 to the maintenance channel 11 through the branch pipe 22, while also allowing the air in the maintenance channel 11 to participate in the overall airflow circulation, ensuring the air circulation efficiency in different areas of the trench.

[0049] The refrigeration unit is connected to the main air duct 21 and serves as the source of cold air; its operating status directly determines the system's temperature control effect. The infrared temperature measurement array 31 and temperature sensor 32 in the multi-source sensing array each perform different temperature measurement tasks: the infrared temperature measurement array 31 can detect the temperature of the cable surface non-contactly, while the temperature sensor 32 is responsible for monitoring the temperature of the surrounding environment. Together, they form a comprehensive temperature monitoring system, ensuring that no possible temperature anomalies are missed.

[0050] The control module, acting as the system's "brain," maintains real-time data interaction with the infrared temperature measurement array 31 and temperature sensor 32. Its built-in fuzzy PID algorithm module can quickly process and analyze the received temperature data. When the monitored temperature data indicates a need for cooling, the control module generates a corresponding control command to activate the cooling unit. The cold air generated by the cooling unit enters through the main air duct 21 and is then distributed to various corners of the cable duct 12 and maintenance passage 11 via branch pipes 22, rapidly reducing the temperature within the cable trench. Once the temperature drops to a suitable range, the control module issues a command to shut down the cooling unit, thus achieving precise temperature control within the cable trench.

[0051] This embodiment first employs a dual-dimensional temperature measurement method using a multi-source sensing array, considering both the cable's own temperature and the surrounding environment's temperature. This avoids the potential biases of single-mode temperature measurement, resulting in more comprehensive and accurate temperature monitoring. Secondly, the application of a fuzzy PID algorithm module enables the control module to dynamically adjust the operation of the cooling unit based on real-time temperature changes. Compared to traditional control methods, this offers faster response speeds, higher control precision, and better adaptability to the complex and variable temperature environment within the cable trench. Furthermore, the coordination between the main air duct 21 and the branch pipes 22 ensures that the cooling air is evenly distributed to all areas, preventing localized overheating or underheating and providing a stable operating environment for the cable. Simultaneously, the trench's structural design provides a safe storage space for cables and equipment while facilitating daily maintenance and repair through the maintenance access channel 11, reducing the risk of equipment failure due to inconvenient maintenance. The protective cover 13 physically protects the internal equipment from external rainwater and debris, extending the equipment's lifespan. In summary, through the coordinated work of its components, the system achieves precise temperature control within the cable trench, effective monitoring of equipment operating status, and efficient operation and maintenance. This significantly improves the safety and reliability of cable operation, reduces the risk of power outages caused by cable faults, and has significant practical application value.

[0052] Specific implementation scheme of fuzzy PID control algorithm:

[0053] Membership function design:

[0054] Temperature error is divided into 7 fuzzy sets: {negative large, negative medium, negative small, zero, positive small, positive medium, positive large}

[0055] Triangular membership functions are used, with an overlap of 50%.

[0056] Quantization factors: Ke=0.8, Kec=0.6, Ku=1.2

[0057] The fuzzy rule base is shown in Table 1:

[0058]

[0059] Table 1

[0060] In some embodiments, the net height H of the maintenance passage 11 and the height h of the cable hull satisfy H = 1.8h ± 5%, the bottom of the maintenance passage 11 is provided with an anti-slip corrugated plate, and the net height H of the maintenance passage 11 is not less than 2 meters; and / or,

[0061] The main air duct 21 adopts a tapered cross-section design, with the inlet cross-sectional area S1 and the end cross-sectional area S2 satisfying S1 / S2=1.25, and the pipe diameter d of the branch pipe 22 satisfying d=0.3D with the diameter D of the main air duct 21.

[0062] In this embodiment, the net height H of the maintenance passage 11 is designed to satisfy H=1.8h±5% with respect to the cable pod height h, while the net height H is not less than 2 meters. This parameter setting prioritizes the operational comfort and safety of staff, ensuring that even with changes in the cable pod height, the maintenance passage 11 still provides sufficient space for staff to stand, move, and perform maintenance operations freely, avoiding inconvenience or safety hazards caused by limited space. The anti-slip corrugated plate at the bottom further enhances safety, especially in situations where the trench may be damp, effectively preventing staff from slipping and ensuring the smooth progress of the maintenance process.

[0063] For the main air duct 21 and branch pipe 22, the main air duct 21 adopts a tapered cross-section design, with the inlet cross-sectional area S1 and the end cross-sectional area S2 satisfying S1 / S2=1.25. The advantage of this tapered design is that it can optimize the airflow state within the main air duct 21. As the cross-section of the duct gradually decreases, the airflow velocity gradually increases, ensuring that the cold air can be more effectively delivered to the end of the main air duct 21, avoiding the problem of poor cooling effect in the end area due to airflow attenuation, and making the cooling effect along the main air duct 21 more uniform. The parameter setting of d=0.3D between the pipe diameter d of the branch pipe 22 and the diameter D of the main air duct 21 is to achieve a reasonable distribution of airflow between the main air duct 21 and the branch pipe 22. The main air duct 21, as the primary cooling air delivery channel, requires a large diameter to ensure sufficient cooling airflow. The branch pipe 22, as a branch channel, has a diameter designed to ensure sufficient cooling air is obtained from the main air duct 21 and delivered to the maintenance channel 11, while avoiding excessive airflow dispersion within the main air duct 21 due to an excessively large diameter, which would affect the cooling air supply to other areas. This proportional relationship achieves airflow balance between the main air duct 21 and the branch pipe 22, ensuring that cooling air is distributed as needed to various parts of the cable compartment 12 and the maintenance channel 11.

[0064] For maintenance channel 11, these parameter optimizations, particularly the optimized height and anti-slip design, significantly improve the convenience and safety of maintenance work. Staff can efficiently complete maintenance tasks within a comfortable space, reducing work delays and safety accidents caused by space constraints, thus improving maintenance efficiency. For the main air duct 21 and branch pipes 22, optimized cross-section and diameter parameters make the flow of cool air within the system more rational and efficient. The tapered design of the main air duct 21 ensures that cool air can evenly cover the entire length, while the pipe diameter setting of branch pipes 22 ensures that maintenance channel 11 receives an appropriate amount of cool air, avoiding localized temperature imbalances. This not only improves the system's temperature control accuracy but also reduces the energy consumption of the cooling unit. The rational airflow distribution allows the cooling unit to achieve the ideal cooling effect without excessive operation, reducing system operating costs. Simultaneously, the uniform cooling effect further ensures the stable operation of the cables, reducing the risk of accelerated cable aging or failure due to excessively high local temperatures, and extending the cable's service life. Overall, the optimization of these parameters has significantly improved the system's practicality, safety, and economy, further enhancing the performance of the entire cable trench environmental management system.

[0065] In some embodiments, the temperature sensor 32 is laid on the surface of the cable bundle in a spiral winding manner, and the winding spacing P and the cable diameter Φ satisfy P=3Φ, with a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.3℃.

[0066] In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 32 is installed on the surface of the cable bundle using a spiral winding method. This installation method ensures maximum tight contact between the sensor and the cable surface. Compared to traditional fixed-point installation, spiral winding allows the sensor to be evenly distributed along the length of the cable bundle, thereby comprehensively monitoring temperature changes at different locations within the cable bundle. During cable operation, the heating conditions of different parts may vary. The spiral winding method avoids the problem of missing localized overheating areas due to sensors being installed only at individual points, ensuring comprehensive temperature monitoring.

[0067] Meanwhile, the winding spacing P and the cable diameter Φ satisfy the parameter setting of P=3Φ, a carefully designed ratio. This ensures that the sensors have sufficient density to capture the temperature details of the cable surface, avoiding blind spots in temperature monitoring due to excessive spacing, while also preventing sensor waste and increased system costs due to insufficient spacing. For cables of different diameters, adjusting the winding spacing according to this ratio ensures that the sensor arrangement is always optimal, achieving accurate temperature sensing regardless of cable thickness.

[0068] Furthermore, the temperature sensor 32 boasts a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.3℃, a high-precision performance crucial for ensuring effective system temperature control. During cable operation, even minute temperature changes can reveal potential problems. High-precision temperature measurement can promptly capture these subtle temperature fluctuations, providing the control module with accurate raw data. Based on this precise data, the control module can make correct decisions using a fuzzy PID algorithm, promptly starting or stopping the cooling unit to ensure the cable always operates within a suitable temperature range.

[0069] This embodiment first employs a spiral winding installation method combined with a reasonable winding spacing to ensure that the temperature sensor 32 can comprehensively and uniformly monitor the surface temperature of the cable bundle, eliminating blind spots in temperature monitoring. This allows the system to promptly detect any potential overheating hazards, providing the first line of defense for the safe operation of the cable. Secondly, the high-precision temperature measurement performance of ±0.3℃ ensures the accuracy and reliability of temperature data, avoiding incorrect decisions by the control module due to data errors, thus ensuring more precise and effective regulation of the cooling unit. When the cable temperature rises abnormally, the sensor can quickly and accurately detect it and transmit the information to the control module. The control module promptly activates the cooling unit to cool down the cable, preventing further temperature increases and damage. When the temperature returns to normal, the sensor can accurately detect it again, prompting the control module to promptly shut down the cooling unit, avoiding energy waste. This precise temperature monitoring and regulation not only improves the safety of cable operation but also extends the cable's service life and reduces maintenance costs and power outage losses caused by cable failures. Simultaneously, the reasonable sensor arrangement also reduces the overall system cost, improving the system's cost-effectiveness and making this technical solution more competitive in practical applications.

[0070] In some embodiments, the infrared temperature measurement array 31 is installed on the top of the cable compartment 12, with the detection beam tilted downward at a 15° angle to the horizontal plane, and the spatial resolution ≤5cm.

[0071] In this embodiment, the infrared temperature measurement array 31 is mounted on top of the cable compartment 12, a choice of which is of great significance. The top of the cable compartment 12 provides the infrared temperature measurement array 31 with a relatively stable and unobstructed monitoring view, allowing it to cover the entire cable within the cable compartment 12. Monitoring from top to bottom avoids obstruction of the detection beam by the cable itself or other equipment, ensuring that the infrared temperature measurement array 31 can clearly and accurately capture the temperature information of the cable surface. Simultaneously, mounting it on top reduces the impact of dust, moisture, and other factors that may exist at the bottom of the cable compartment 12 on the performance of the infrared temperature measurement array 31, extending the equipment's service life and reducing maintenance costs.

[0072] The 15° downward tilt angle of the probe beam relative to the horizontal plane is designed to optimize the detection range and accuracy of the infrared temperature measurement array 31. This angle allows the probe beam to illuminate the cable surface at the optimal angle, reducing beam reflection and scattering and improving the accuracy of temperature measurement. If the angle is too large, the beam may be too steep, resulting in a smaller coverage area of ​​the cable surface and making comprehensive monitoring difficult; if the angle is too small, the angle between the beam and the cable surface may be too small, increasing the possibility of reflection and affecting temperature measurement accuracy. The 15° downward tilt angle has been verified through multiple tests to achieve the best balance between coverage and measurement accuracy, ensuring that the infrared temperature measurement array 31 can comprehensively and accurately monitor the temperature distribution on the cable surface.

[0073] The performance parameter of spatial resolution ≤5cm ensures that the infrared temperature measuring array 31 can distinguish temperature differences at different locations on the cable surface. Local hot spots may exist on the cable surface; these hot spots are often early signs of cable faults. The higher the spatial resolution, the more accurately the infrared temperature measuring array 31 can locate these hot spots and capture minute temperature changes. A spatial resolution of ≤5cm means that even temperature differences between different areas within 5cm of each other on the cable surface can be clearly identified, which is crucial for the timely detection of localized overheating problems in the cable.

[0074] In this embodiment, the infrared temperature measurement array 31 is installed at the top of the cable compartment 12, ensuring a good monitoring angle and comprehensive coverage of the cable surface temperature. This avoids blind spots and complements the temperature sensor 32 installed on the cable surface. One monitors the overall temperature distribution from a non-contact perspective, while the other monitors local temperature details from a contact perspective, together constructing a comprehensive temperature monitoring network and enhancing the system's ability to detect temperature anomalies. Secondly, the 15° downtilt angle of the detection beam optimizes the accuracy of temperature measurement and reduces interference from external factors, enabling the infrared temperature measurement array 31 to provide more reliable temperature data. This provides strong support for the control module's decision-making, ensuring that the control module can promptly start or stop the cooling unit based on accurate temperature information, achieving precise control of the cable temperature. Furthermore, the high spatial resolution of ≤5cm allows the infrared temperature measurement array 31 to accurately locate hot spots on the cable surface, promptly detecting potential faults. During cable operation, if localized overheating is not detected and addressed in time, it may gradually expand, eventually leading to serious faults such as cable insulation aging and breakdown. The high spatial resolution infrared thermography array 31 can detect these tiny hot spots at an early stage, providing staff with accurate fault location information. This facilitates timely maintenance measures, preventing the fault from escalating and significantly improving the safety and reliability of cable operation, while reducing power outage time and economic losses caused by faults. Simultaneously, this precise monitoring also reduces the workload of maintenance personnel. They do not need to inspect each cable individually; the monitoring results from the infrared thermography array 31 can quickly locate the problem area, improving maintenance efficiency.

[0075] In some implementations, the cooling unit is activated when the infrared temperature array 31 detects a cable surface temperature ≥ T1 or the temperature sensor 32 detects an ambient temperature ≥ T2; the cooling fan is shut off when both temperatures are < T3.

[0076] Where T3 < T1 and T3 < T2.

[0077] In this embodiment, by setting a reasonable temperature threshold, precise control of the cooling unit is achieved, ensuring that the temperature inside the cable trench is always within a suitable range.

[0078] When the infrared temperature measurement array 31 detects a cable surface temperature ≥ T1, the system will activate the cooling unit. This condition is set primarily to directly regulate the cable's temperature status. Cable surface temperature is a key indicator reflecting its operating condition. When the temperature reaches T1, it indicates that the cable may be overheating, and continued operation may damage its insulation performance or even cause a malfunction. Activating the cooling unit at this time can quickly reduce the cable surface temperature, prevent further temperature increases, and protect the cable's safe operation.

[0079] Simultaneously, the cooling unit will also activate when the temperature sensor 32 detects an ambient temperature ≥ T2. Ambient temperature is a crucial factor affecting cable heat dissipation. Even if the cable surface temperature has not yet reached T1, excessively high ambient temperatures can impair the cable's heat dissipation efficiency, potentially leading to a gradual increase in cable temperature over time. Therefore, using ambient temperature as one of the activation conditions allows for early intervention in cooling, preventing abnormal cable temperatures caused by excessively high ambient temperatures, thus playing a preventative role.

[0080] When both the cable surface temperature detected by the infrared temperature measuring array 31 and the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor 32 are less than T3, the cooling unit shuts down, where T3 < T1 and T3 < T2. This setting takes into account the stability of temperature control, avoiding frequent start-stop of the cooling unit due to temperature fluctuations near the threshold. T3 is set lower than T1 and T2, forming a temperature buffer zone. The cooling unit is only shut down when both temperatures drop below this lower threshold, ensuring that the temperature in the cable trench remains stable within a suitable range. This prevents cooling from stopping due to a brief temperature drop, which would cause the temperature to rise rapidly, thus ensuring the continuity and stability of the cooling effect.

[0081] This embodiment first uses both cable surface temperature and ambient temperature as dual start-up conditions, achieving comprehensive monitoring of the cable's operating environment. It considers both the cable's own heat generation and the impact of the surrounding environment on heat dissipation, enabling more timely and comprehensive detection of temperature anomalies and avoiding oversights that might occur with a single condition. For example, if the cable surface temperature has not yet reached T1, but the ambient temperature is already too high and affecting heat dissipation, the system can start cooling in advance to prevent the cable temperature from rising further, eliminating potential faults in their early stages. Secondly, the setting of T3 in the shutdown condition effectively avoids frequent start-stop of the cooling unit, reducing equipment wear, extending the cooling unit's lifespan, and also reducing energy consumption. Frequent start-stop not only increases the equipment failure rate but also leads to increased energy consumption. By setting a reasonable buffer zone, the cooling unit can operate or shut down in a stable state, improving the system's operating efficiency and economy. Furthermore, this precise start-stop control ensures that the temperature within the cable trench is always maintained within a suitable range for cable operation, avoiding damage to the cable caused by excessive temperature, such as accelerated insulation aging and decreased conductivity. It also avoids energy waste caused by over-cooling, achieving precise temperature control and energy saving. In summary, this technical solution, by rationally setting temperature thresholds and start / stop conditions, further improves the system's temperature control accuracy, operational stability, and economy, providing a stronger guarantee for the safe and reliable operation of cables.

[0082] In some implementations, a structural health monitoring system is also included, comprising:

[0083] A micro-strain sensor array is installed inside the channel groove;

[0084] Acoustic emission detectors, arranged at a density of 2 per meter;

[0085] The data fusion module calculates the structural safety index (SI) in real time.

[0086] In this embodiment, by introducing a new monitoring component, real-time monitoring of the cable trench structure is achieved, which works in conjunction with the temperature control system to fully ensure the safe operation of the cable trench.

[0087] The structural health monitoring system comprises a micro-strain sensor array, an acoustic emission detector, and a data fusion module. The micro-strain sensor array, installed within the trench, can monitor minute strain changes in the trench structure in real time. During long-term use, the trench may experience subtle deformations due to geological changes, loads, and other factors. If these deformations are not detected in time, they may gradually expand, affecting the structural stability of the trench and even damaging internal cables and equipment. The micro-strain sensor array can capture these minute strain signals, providing fundamental data for structural health assessment.

[0088] Acoustic emission detectors are installed at a density of 2 detectors per meter. Acoustic emission refers to the stress waves generated when a material releases energy during deformation or fracture under stress. When the channel structure suffers damage such as crack propagation or accelerated deformation, it generates acoustic emission signals. The acoustic emission detectors can capture these signals and determine the location and extent of structural damage through signal characteristic analysis. The high density of 2 detectors per meter ensures that acoustic emission signals can be captured in a timely and accurate manner, and even minor localized damage can be detected, avoiding missed detections caused by sparse deployment.

[0089] The data fusion module is responsible for receiving data transmitted from the micro-strain sensor array and acoustic emission detector, and for comprehensively analyzing and processing this data to calculate the Structural Safety Index (SI) in real time. Data fusion technology integrates monitoring data from different types and sources, eliminating redundancy and errors, and extracting more valuable information to more accurately assess the structural health of the trench. The Structural Safety Index (SI) is a quantitative indicator that intuitively reflects the safety level of the trench structure, providing staff with a clear and definite basis for judgment.

[0090] First, the introduction of the structural health monitoring system enables the system not only to regulate the operating temperature of cables but also to monitor the structural status of the cable trench in real time, achieving comprehensive monitoring from equipment operation to infrastructure status and improving the safety of the entire cable trench system. The collaborative work of the micro-strain sensor array and acoustic emission detectors can capture structural damage signals from different angles. Micro-strain monitoring reflects the overall deformation trend of the structure, while acoustic emission monitoring can locate local damage points. The combination of the two makes structural damage monitoring more comprehensive and accurate. Second, the application of the data fusion module improves the accuracy of structural health assessment. Through the fusion analysis of multi-source data, the limitations and errors that may exist with single data points are reduced, making the calculated Structural Safety Index (SI) more reliable and able to truly reflect the structural status of the cable trench. Based on this index, staff can understand the health status of the cable trench in a timely manner, formulate maintenance and reinforcement plans in advance, and avoid serious accidents caused by sudden structural failure. Furthermore, the acoustic emission detector density of 2 detectors per meter ensures high-sensitivity monitoring of structural damage, enabling early detection of problems and gaining time for timely intervention, reducing maintenance costs and downtime losses caused by structural damage. In summary, the addition of the structural health monitoring system makes the functions of the cable trench environmental management system more complete, expanding from simple environmental temperature control to structural safety monitoring, and comprehensively ensuring the safe and stable operation of the cable trench, which has important practical value.

[0091] In some implementations, when SI ≥ 0.7, the system automatically executes:

[0092] Trigger the audible and visual alarm;

[0093] Send an early warning signal to the remote monitoring terminal;

[0094] Generate a structural reinforcement recommendation report.

[0095] In this embodiment, clear provisions are made for the response measures when the structural safety index SI in the structural health monitoring system reaches a specific threshold. By automatically executing a series of operations, structural safety hazards are responded to in a timely manner, and risks are minimized.

[0096] When the structural safety index SI calculated by the data fusion module is ≥0.7, the system will automatically trigger three operations. First, it will trigger the audible and visual alarm. The audible and visual alarm can issue a timely warning at the cable trench site through strong sound and light signals, reminding nearby workers to pay attention to potential safety hazards in the structure, so that they can quickly take emergency measures, such as evacuating the danger zone and stopping related work, to avoid casualties caused by sudden structural damage.

[0097] Secondly, the system sends early warning signals to the remote monitoring terminal. These terminals are typically staffed by professional maintenance personnel. The timely transmission of these signals allows remote personnel to understand any abnormalities in the cable trench structure immediately, even when not on-site. This facilitates rapid decision-making and resource allocation by remote personnel, overcoming time and space limitations and improving emergency response efficiency.

[0098] Finally, the system generates a structural reinforcement recommendation report. This report is automatically generated based on data collected by the micro-strain sensor array and acoustic emission detector, as well as the analysis results from the data fusion module. It includes information such as the potential location and extent of damage to the structure, and corresponding reinforcement recommendations. This report provides specific guidance for staff, preventing the escalation of problems due to poor decision-making in emergency situations, and enabling reinforcement work to be carried out more effectively and efficiently.

[0099] The on-site warning function of the audible and visual alarm system can alert personnel immediately, giving them valuable emergency response time and maximizing personnel safety—the primary goal in addressing structural safety hazards. Secondly, sending warning signals to remote monitoring terminals enables real-time linkage between on-site and remote monitoring, allowing professional maintenance teams to intervene promptly. By combining historical data and real-time information from the remote monitoring terminal, they can develop more scientific and reasonable response plans, avoiding improper handling due to insufficient on-site personnel experience. Furthermore, the automatically generated structural reinforcement recommendation report provides a reliable basis for subsequent maintenance and reinforcement work, reducing the time spent on-site investigation and analysis by staff and improving work efficiency. The report's clearly defined damage locations and reinforcement recommendations allow construction personnel to quickly carry out targeted work, promptly eliminating structural safety hazards, preventing further damage, ensuring the stability of the cable trench structure, and thus ensuring the safe operation of internal cables and equipment. In addition, this automatic response mechanism also reflects the system's intelligence level, reducing the lag and uncertainty of human intervention, making the handling of structural safety hazards more timely and efficient. In summary, this technical solution, by clearly defining automatic response measures when SI≥0.7, constructs a complete structural safety early warning and handling system, significantly improving the cable trench system's ability to cope with structural risks and further ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0100] In some embodiments, the cable trench environmental integrated management system further includes a central controller connected to the control module. The central controller integrates a digital twin module to construct a three-dimensional visualization model containing temperature field, stress field, and flow field in real time, with an update frequency of ≥1Hz.

[0101] In this embodiment, a central controller connected to the control module is added to the original system, and a digital twin module is integrated. By constructing a three-dimensional visualization model, a comprehensive and real-time simulation and monitoring of the operating status of the cable trench system is realized, thereby improving the intelligent management level of the system.

[0102] As a new core component, the central controller maintains data interaction with the control module and can aggregate various information transmitted by the control module, such as temperature data, refrigeration unit operating status, and structural health monitoring data. The digital twin module is integrated into the central controller, and its core function is to build a three-dimensional visualization model containing temperature field, stress field, and flow field in real time, with an update frequency of ≥1Hz.

[0103] The temperature field model can reflect the temperature distribution in various areas of the cable trench in real time. Based on the data collected by the multi-source sensing array (infrared temperature array 31 and temperature sensor 32), the digital twin module presents the temperature information in a three-dimensional visualization form, allowing staff to intuitively see where the temperature is too high, where the temperature is suitable, and the trend of temperature change.

[0104] The stress field model is built based on data from the micro-strain sensor array and acoustic emission detector in the structural health monitoring system. It displays the stress distribution and changes in various parts of the trench structure in real time, helping staff understand the stress state of the structure and promptly identify areas of stress concentration, which are often where the structure is prone to damage.

[0105] The flow field model mainly reflects the airflow state in the main air duct 21 and branch pipe 22. Combined with the operating data of the refrigeration unit, it shows the delivery path, flow rate and distribution of the cold air, so that the staff can clearly understand whether the airflow organization is reasonable and whether there are dead air zones or other problems.

[0106] An update frequency of ≥1Hz means that the 3D visualization model is updated at least once per second, which can keep up with the actual operating status of the system in real time, ensure a high degree of synchronization between the model and the actual situation, and provide staff with the latest system operation information.

[0107] This embodiment first utilizes a 3D visualization model constructed through a digital twin module to transform abstract data into intuitive images, enabling staff to more easily and quickly understand the operational status of the cable trench system. Compared to traditional data analysis methods, the 3D visualization model can simultaneously display the distribution and changes of temperature, stress, and flow fields, allowing staff to comprehensively grasp the overall system situation and discover the correlations between different physical fields. For example, it can determine whether excessively high temperatures are related to poor airflow or whether structural stress changes are affected by temperature variations, thus enabling more accurate judgments. Secondly, the update frequency of ≥1Hz ensures the model's real-time performance. Staff can view the latest system status through the central controller and promptly identify potential problems. For instance, when the temperature in a certain area shows an abnormally high increase in the model, staff can immediately check the corresponding flow field model to determine if it is caused by insufficient cooling air delivery and adjust the refrigeration unit or airflow organization system in a timely manner to prevent the problem from escalating. Furthermore, the 3D visualization model provides strong support for system optimization and decision-making. During system maintenance or modification, staff can simulate the effects of different operating schemes using models, such as adjusting the operating parameters of the cooling unit or changing the duct structure, to predict potential changes in the temperature, stress, and flow fields. This allows for the selection of the optimal solution, reducing the risks and costs of actual operation. Furthermore, the application of the digital twin module facilitates remote operation and maintenance. Staff at the remote monitoring terminal can view the 3D visualization model to understand the system status as if they were on-site, remotely guiding on-site work and improving operational efficiency. In summary, this technical solution, by introducing a central controller and a digital twin module, achieves digital, visual, and real-time management of the cable trench system's operating status, significantly improving the system's intelligence level and management efficiency, and providing stronger guarantees for the system's safe, stable, and efficient operation.

[0108] Technical Implementation of Digital Twin Module

[0109] Modeling methods:

[0110] Temperature field: Solving the three-dimensional unsteady heat transfer equations based on the finite volume method (FVM);

[0111] Flow field: The k-ε turbulence model was used to simulate the airflow motion within the duct;

[0112] Stress field: Structural mechanical response calculated based on the finite element method (FEM).

[0113] In some embodiments, there are multiple refrigeration units, each distributed along the length of the channel in a Fibonacci sequence; the spacing between adjacent refrigeration units satisfies the relationship Fn+1=Fn+Fn-1; where F1=1, F2=1; each refrigeration unit includes a phase change material chamber and a vortex tube cooler, the phase change material chamber being connected to the cold air outlet of the vortex tube cooler.

[0114] In this embodiment, the layout and structure of the refrigeration unit have been optimized. Through reasonable distribution and component configuration, the refrigeration efficiency and uniformity of cold air supply are improved, ensuring the effectiveness of temperature control in the cable trench.

[0115] The system comprises multiple refrigeration units distributed along the length of the channel in a Fibonacci sequence. The spacing between adjacent refrigeration units satisfies the relationship Fn+1 = Fn + Fn-1, where F1 = 1 and F2 = 1. This Fibonacci sequence distribution inherently possesses uniformity and rationality, automatically adjusting the spacing of the refrigeration units according to the channel length, ensuring the arrangement better meets actual cooling requirements. At the beginning of the channel, the spacing between refrigeration units is relatively small (F1 = 1, F2 = 1, F3 = 2, F4 = 3, etc.). As the length increases, the spacing gradually increases, but this increase is systematic, ensuring that the cooling range of each refrigeration unit covers the others, avoiding blind spots in cooling supply. Compared to traditional equal-spacing distributions, the Fibonacci sequence distribution achieves more uniform cooling coverage with the same number of refrigeration units, especially noticeable with longer channel lengths, guaranteeing both cooling performance and avoiding wasted refrigeration units.

[0116] Each refrigeration unit includes a phase change material (PCM) chamber and a vortex tube cooler, with the PCM chamber connected to the cold air outlet of the vortex tube cooler. The vortex tube cooler is a highly efficient refrigeration device capable of rapidly generating cold air to meet the system's immediate cooling needs. When the temperature inside the cable trench rises and cooling is required, the vortex tube cooler quickly activates, and the generated cold air enters the PCM chamber through the outlet. The PCM material within the chamber absorbs cold air and undergoes a phase change (e.g., from solid to liquid), storing the cold energy. When the vortex tube cooler stops operating or the cooling demand decreases, the PCM material releases the stored cold energy through a phase change (from liquid to solid), continuing to provide cooling to the system. This combined design allows the refrigeration unit to not only respond quickly to cooling demands but also maintain a certain cooling effect through the release of cold energy from the PCM material when the vortex tube cooler is not required to operate continuously, thus improving the stability and energy efficiency of the refrigeration system.

[0117] This embodiment firstly ensures that the cooling units, distributed according to the Fibonacci sequence, can uniformly cover the entire length of the trench with cooling air, avoiding localized areas with excessively high or low temperatures due to unreasonable spacing between cooling units. Whether at the beginning or end of the trench, a suitable supply of cooling air is provided, ensuring the cable remains in an ideal temperature environment throughout its entire length, thus improving the safety and stability of cable operation. Secondly, the combination of the phase change material chamber and the eddy tube cooler fully leverages the advantages of both. The rapid cooling capability of the eddy tube cooler ensures a quick response and timely cooling when the system experiences a sudden temperature increase; the cold storage and release functions of the phase change material chamber make the cooling effect more sustained and stable, reducing the number of start-ups and shutdowns of the eddy tube cooler, lowering energy consumption, and extending the service life of the eddy tube cooler. For example, during peak electricity consumption periods, cable heating increases, and the eddy tube cooler operates at full load. Part of the generated cool air is used directly for cooling, while the other part is stored by the phase change material. During off-peak periods, cable heating decreases, and the eddy tube cooler can reduce its power or stop operating. The phase change material releases cooling energy to maintain the temperature, achieving efficient energy utilization. Furthermore, the design of multiple cooling units improves system reliability. Even if one cooling unit fails, the others can continue to operate, reducing the risk of the entire cooling system failing due to a single point of failure. In summary, this technical solution, by optimizing the distribution and structure of the cooling units, significantly improves the system's cooling efficiency, stability, and energy saving, providing a more reliable and efficient solution for temperature control within cable trenches.

[0118] The optimized design of the phase change material chamber is as follows:

[0119] The materials selected are shown in Table 2:

[0120]

[0121] Table 2

[0122] Structural design:

[0123] It adopts a honeycomb porous structure with a porosity of 65%-70%; the built-in copper heat pipe enhances heat transfer with a thermal conductivity ≥400W / (m·K); the phase change material is encapsulated with an aluminum-plastic composite film with a thickness of 0.2mm.

[0124] In some embodiments, the protective cover 13 is an inverted V-shaped multi-layer structure with a surface layer of fluorosilicone nano-coating with a contact angle >150°, a middle layer of aerogel insulation layer with a thermal conductivity <0.018W / (m·K), and a bottom layer of electromagnetic shielding mesh with a shielding effectiveness ≥60dB.

[0125] In this embodiment, the structure and material design of the protective cover 13, by adopting a multi-layer composite structure and high-performance materials, enhances the protective performance of the protective cover 13 and provides all-round protection for the equipment inside the cable trench.

[0126] The protective cover 13 has an inverted V-shaped multi-layer structure, which provides excellent drainage. In rainy or snowy weather, rainwater can flow down quickly along the V-shaped slope, preventing water accumulation on the cover surface and preventing water from seeping into the cable trench, thus protecting the internal equipment from moisture. At the same time, the V-shaped structure also enhances the mechanical properties of the protective cover 13. Compared to a flat structure, it can better withstand external loads, such as vehicle traffic and foot traffic, reducing the risk of cover deformation or damage.

[0127] The surface layer uses a fluorosilicone nano-coating with a contact angle >150°, which exhibits superhydrophobic properties. A contact angle >150° means that water will form a ball and roll off the cover surface, making it difficult for water to adhere, further enhancing drainage. It also prevents dust and stains from adhering to the surface, acting as a self-cleaning agent and reducing the frequency and cost of manual cleaning. Furthermore, the fluorosilicone nano-coating has excellent weather resistance and corrosion resistance, resisting erosion from external environmental factors such as ultraviolet radiation, acids, and alkalis, extending the service life of the protective cover 13.

[0128] The middle layer is an aerogel insulation layer with a thermal conductivity of <0.018 W / (m·K). Aerogel is a highly efficient insulation material; its extremely low thermal conductivity effectively blocks external heat from entering the cable trench, especially in high-temperature summer environments. This reduces the impact of the external environment on the trench temperature, lowers the load on the cooling unit, and saves energy. Simultaneously, in cold winter weather, it also reduces heat loss from the trench, maintaining a stable temperature and providing a suitable operating environment for the cable.

[0129] The bottom layer is an electromagnetic shielding mesh with a shielding effectiveness of ≥60dB, effectively blocking external electromagnetic interference. Cables generate electromagnetic fields during operation, and external power equipment and communication signals can also generate electromagnetic interference. This interference may affect the normal operation of the cable, even leading to data transmission errors or equipment malfunctions. The electromagnetic shielding mesh can absorb or reflect external electromagnetic signals, ensuring a stable electromagnetic environment inside the cable trench and guaranteeing the normal operation of the cable and related equipment.

[0130] This embodiment first achieves excellent drainage and self-cleaning performance through an inverted V-shaped structure combined with a fluorosilicone nano-coating on the surface. This effectively prevents rainwater penetration and stain accumulation, protects the dry environment inside the cable trench, reduces problems such as decreased cable insulation performance and equipment corrosion caused by moisture, and extends the service life of the equipment. Secondly, the low thermal conductivity of the aerogel insulation layer significantly improves the insulation effect of the protective cover 13, reducing the impact of external temperature changes on the trench environment. This allows the cooling unit to maintain a stable temperature inside the trench without frequent operation, reducing system energy consumption and improving operational economy. Furthermore, the underlying electromagnetic shielding mesh provides a good electromagnetic shielding environment inside the cable trench, avoiding the impact of external electromagnetic interference on cable operation, ensuring the stability and reliability of power transmission, and reducing faults caused by electromagnetic interference. In addition, the synergistic effect of the multi-layer structure also enhances the overall performance of the protective cover 13. The mechanical strength of the V-shaped structure, the weather resistance of the fluorosilicone nano-coating, the thermal insulation of the aerogel, and the shielding effectiveness of the electromagnetic shielding mesh together enable the protective cover 13 to work stably for a long time in various complex external environments, providing comprehensive protection for the cable trench system and further improving the safety and reliability of the entire cable trench environmental management system.

[0131] The bottom of the maintenance channel 11 is equipped with a drainage system, which includes a main drainage channel and a branch drainage channel extending along the length of the channel. The branch drainage channel is connected to the bottom of the cable receiving area and is inclined towards the main drainage channel at an angle of 2%.

[0132] The multi-dimensional sensing component also includes a humidity sensing unit, which is installed on the inner wall of the middle part of the cable receiving area. The humidity sensing unit has a measurement range of 0-100%RH and a measurement accuracy of ≤±2%RH. The main control unit is also used to control the ventilation volume based on the humidity data.

[0133] Temperature control performance tests are shown in Table 3:

[0134]

[0135] Table 3

[0136] Test environment: ambient temperature 35℃, cable load rate 80%, trench length 50m.

[0137] The accuracy verification of structural health monitoring is shown in Table 4:

[0138] Micro-strain measurement: Range: ±3000με; Accuracy: 0.5%FS; Linearity: R²=0.9993;

[0139] Acoustic emission localization:

[0140]

[0141] Table 4

[0142] Comparison of protective cover performance is shown in Table 5

[0143]

[0144] Table 5

[0145] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices, apparatuses, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0146] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive environmental management system for cable trenches, characterized in that, include: The trench has a maintenance channel (11) in the center, recessed cable compartments (12) on both sides, and a protective cover plate (13) on the top. The main air duct (21) is embedded in the bottom of the cable compartment (12) and located on at least one side of the maintenance channel (11). The main air duct (21) is arranged along the length of the channel. Branch pipe (22), one end of which is connected to the main air duct (21) and the other end is connected to the operation and maintenance channel (11). The refrigeration unit is connected to the main air duct (21); A multi-source sensing array, comprising an infrared temperature measurement array (31) and a temperature sensor (32); The control module is connected to the infrared temperature measurement array (31) and the temperature sensor (32), and has a built-in fuzzy PID algorithm module for receiving input signals from the multi-source sensing array in real time and generating control commands. The output end is connected to the cooling unit. The refrigeration unit is controlled to start and stop based on temperature data.

2. The cable trench environmental integrated management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The net height H of the maintenance passage (11) and the height h of the cable hull satisfy H=1.8h±5%, and the bottom of the maintenance passage (11) is equipped with an anti-slip corrugated plate. The net height H of the maintenance passage (11) is not less than 2 meters; and / or, The main air duct (21) adopts a tapered cross-section design. The inlet cross-sectional area S1 and the end cross-sectional area S2 satisfy S1 / S2=1.

25. The pipe diameter d of the branch pipe (22) and the diameter D of the main air duct (21) satisfy d=0.3D.

3. The cable trench environmental integrated management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature sensor (32) is laid on the surface of the cable bundle in a spiral winding manner. The winding spacing P and the cable diameter Φ satisfy P=3Φ, and the temperature measurement accuracy reaches ±0.3℃.

4. The integrated environmental management system for cable trenches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared temperature measurement array (31) is installed on the top of the cable compartment (12), and the detection beam is tilted downward at a 15° angle to the horizontal plane, with a spatial resolution of ≤5cm.

5. The integrated environmental management system for cable trenches according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the infrared temperature measuring array (31) detects a cable surface temperature ≥ T1 or the temperature sensor (32) detects an ambient temperature ≥ T2, the cooling unit is activated; when both temperatures are < T3, the cooling fan is deactivated. Where T3 < T1 and T3 < T2.

6. The cable trench environmental integrated management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a structural health monitoring system, which includes: A micro-strain sensor array is installed inside the channel groove; Acoustic emission detectors, arranged at a density of 2 per meter; The data fusion module calculates the structural safety index (SI) in real time.

7. The cable trench environmental integrated management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When SI ≥ 0.7, the system will automatically execute: Trigger the audible and visual alarm; Send an early warning signal to the remote monitoring terminal; Generate a structural reinforcement recommendation report.

8. The cable trench environmental integrated management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable trench environmental integrated management system also includes a central controller connected to the control module. The central controller integrates a digital twin module to build a three-dimensional visualization model containing temperature field, stress field and flow field in real time, with an update frequency of ≥1Hz.

9. The integrated environmental management system for cable trenches according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple refrigeration units, and each refrigeration unit is distributed along the length of the channel in a Fibonacci sequence; the spacing between adjacent refrigeration units satisfies the relationship Fn+1=Fn+Fn-1. Where F1=1, F2=1; each refrigeration unit includes a phase change material chamber and a vortex tube refrigerator, and the phase change material chamber is connected to the cold air outlet of the vortex tube refrigerator.

10. The integrated environmental management system for cable trenches according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective cover (13) is an inverted V-shaped multi-layer structure. The surface layer is a fluorosilicone nano-coating with a contact angle >150°. The middle layer is an aerogel insulation layer with a thermal conductivity <0.018W / (m·K). The bottom layer is an electromagnetic shielding mesh with a shielding effectiveness ≥60dB.

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