Electricity-heat decoupling operation method and system for cogeneration unit

Abstract

The invention discloses an electricity-heat decoupling operation method and system for a combined heat and power generation unit. An operation model for analyzing a photo-thermal composite compressed air energy storage system (ST-AA-CAES) and the combined heat and power generation unit is established; a combined operation mode is determined based on the operation model, specifically, the ST-AA-CAES supplements the CHP electric load vacancy at the electric load peak, and the ST-AA-CAES absorbs the CHP surplus electric power at the thermal load peak; and performing simulation in an electric-thermal integrated energy system composed of the modified IEEE33 node power grid and the Barry island 32 node heat supply network by using the obtained joint operation mode to obtain a system optimization scheduling scheme and the output feasible region expansion condition of the CHP unit. According to the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, due to the fact that electric heating loads are not matched in an electric heating comprehensive energy system, the operation flexibility of a cogeneration unit is limited can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system technology, specifically relating to a method and system for decoupling the electric and thermal operation of a combined heat and power unit. Background Technology

[0002] Combined heat and power (CHP), as a highly efficient energy utilization method, plays a crucial role in integrated electricity-heat energy systems, especially during the winter heating season in the "Three Norths" region (Northeast, North, and Northwest China). Many CHP units adopt a "heat-driven power generation" strategy to ensure heating demand. While this operating mode guarantees a stable supply of heat load, it also brings significant limitations, particularly in the context of high penetration rates of renewable energy sources. Specifically: 1. Limited absorption of renewable energy: In the "Three Norths" region, although the penetration rate of renewable energy power generation has exceeded 40%, the proportion of flexible resources is less than 3%. When the heat load is at its peak, CHP units must maintain a high level of power output to meet the heat load demand, which limits the grid connection space for renewable energy, as the capacity available for renewable energy utilization on the grid is severely squeezed.

[0003] 2. Insufficient operational flexibility of CHP units: The traditional "heat-driven power generation" operation mode means that the power output of CHP units is directly constrained by their heat output. This strong correlation reduces the adjustment capability and response speed of CHP units in the integrated power-heat energy system, especially when it is necessary to quickly adjust the power output to adapt to grid fluctuations or changes in new energy output.

[0004] 3. Lack of an effective thermoelectric decoupling mechanism: In the current integrated electric-thermal energy system, CHP units lack a mechanism that can store and release thermal energy between peak thermal load and off-peak electrical load, while also adjusting electrical output to adapt to changes in new energy sources and load demand.

[0005] The existence of the above problems limits the operational flexibility of CHP units when faced with large-scale integration of new energy sources and mismatch between electricity and heat loads. This prevents them from fully realizing their potential in the integrated electricity-heat energy system, thereby affecting the overall system's operational efficiency and the capacity to absorb new energy sources. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for decoupling the electricity and heat of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, which addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and solves the technical problems of insufficient flexible adjustment capability and limited new energy consumption of CHP units under the "heat-driven power generation" operation mode.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for decoupling the electricity and heat in a combined heat and power (CHP) unit includes the following steps: Establish an operational model for a solar thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and a combined heat and power unit; Based on the aforementioned operating model, a joint operation mode is determined. During peak electrical load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system supplements the electrical load deficit of the cogeneration unit, and during peak thermal load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system absorbs the surplus electrical power of the cogeneration unit. The obtained joint operation mode was used to simulate the electric-thermal integrated energy system composed of the modified IEEE 33-node grid and the Barry Island 32-node heating network, and the system optimization scheduling scheme and the expansion of the output feasible domain of the CHP unit were obtained.

[0008] Preferably, the operating model of the solar thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and the cogeneration unit includes: Composite solar thermal module: The solar thermal collector absorbs solar energy during the daytime sunshine period, converts it into heat energy through a heat exchanger and stores it in a heat storage device, which is used for gas combustion during the expansion and energy release process and for supplying heat to the heat load. The compression module employs a multi-stage compression structure. The energy storage module includes a gas storage chamber for storing high-pressure gas and a heat storage device. During the compression process, the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of compression and uses it to heat the low-temperature medium. The heated medium then enters the high-temperature heat storage device to recover the heat of compression. During the expansion process, the room-temperature high-pressure gas is heated by the high-temperature medium and drives the turbine to expand and do work, thus realizing heat circulation. The expansion and energy release module adopts a multi-stage compression structure.

[0009] Preferably, the thermal power generated by the composite photothermal module is expressed as:

[0010] in, For the light field in t The heat power collected at all times; In order to be in t The intensity of direct sunlight at any given moment; The photothermal conversion coefficient; The compression module is represented as:

[0011] in, For the compressor in t Compression power at any given moment; For the compressor in t Mass flow rate of external air constantly flowing in; The specific heat capacity ratio of air; For ideal gases; The number of compressor stages; For the first k The operating efficiency of the multistage compressor; For the first k The inlet air temperature of the stage compressor; For the first k The outlet air temperature of the stage compressor; For the first k The rated compression ratio of the stage compressor; Energy storage module t air pressure at any moment and t Rate of change of air pressure at time as follows:

[0012] in, For the expander in t The mass flow rate of pressurized air flowing in at any given time; This is the initial gas pressure in the gas storage chamber; The air temperature inside the gas storage room; This refers to the volume of the gas storage chamber; Expansion energy release module in t Expansion power at time and the k outlet air temperature of the primary expander They are respectively:

[0013] in, For the expander in t Expansion power at any given moment; The number of stages in the expander; For the first k The working efficiency of the multistage expander; For the first k The inlet air temperature of the primary expander; For the first k The rated expansion ratio of the stage expander.

[0014] Preferably, the operating model of the combined heat and power unit is represented as follows:

[0015] in, , For extraction-condensing CHP units in t The electrical and thermal output at any given moment; This represents the maximum thermal output of the CHP unit during condensing and extraction operation. , These are the maximum and minimum electrical outputs of the CHP unit during pure condensing operation. The intersection of the extended line of the operating domain BC of the CHP unit and the vertical axis; , Let AB and BC be the slopes. , , For CHP units in t Boundary values ​​at time points.

[0016] Preferably, the scheduling objective function of the integrated electric-thermal energy system includes minimizing the system's net day-ahead market expenditure, the expected operating cost of local distributed energy, and risk penalties. The objective function considers the difference between the cost of purchasing electricity in the electricity market and the positive and negative reserve bids in the ancillary services market, as well as the additional costs of wind curtailment and heat purchase.

[0017] Preferably, the scheduling objective function of the integrated electric-thermal energy system is:

[0018] in, Net expenditure on market participation is calculated by subtracting the revenue from the standby market from the cost of purchasing electricity from the electricity market. The total operating cost of each distributed power source; As punishment for abandoning the wind; In order to be in t The day-ahead marginal price of electrical energy in the node where the system is located at that moment; , The current day-ahead clearing prices for positive and negative standby in the ancillary services market; Costs of purchasing heat from external heating networks; For the power system i Node at t The amount of electricity required at any given time; It is the set of load nodes in the thermal system; Load nodes in a thermal system j exist t Heat constantly obtained from the external heating network; , , , , , Operating costs for gas turbines, ST-AA-CAES, CHP units, electric boilers, electric heating devices, and wind turbine units; For natural gas prices; For gas turbine n Thermal efficiency; , The electrical energy conversion coefficient and calorific value of the gas turbine; , For gas turbine nStart-up costs and downtime costs; , The operating costs of AA-CAES and composite photothermal systems; , , This is the operating cost coefficient for CHP; , For electric heating devices and electric boilers t Power used at all times; For wind turbine operating costs; , For wind turbine units t The day-ahead forecast and the actual output during the pre-scheduling phase; The cost of curtailing wind power.

[0019] Preferably, the scheduling process constraints include: Gas turbine constraints, ST-AA-CAES operating constraints, wind power output constraints, electric power balance constraints, electric boiler constraints, and thermal power balance constraints.

[0020] Preferably, Gas turbine constraints:

[0021]

[0022] in, For gas turbine n exist t The runtime flag is a 0-1 variable. For gas turbine n Minimum technical output, For gas turbine n exist t Negative reserve capacity at any given time. For gas turbine n exist t Constant effort For gas turbine n Maximum technical output For gas turbine n exist t The current standby capacity. For gas turbine n exist t The start flag at a given time is a 0-1 variable. For gas turbine n exist t The shutdown flag at any given time is a 0-1 variable. For gas turbine n exist t-1The execution flag at any given time is a 0-1 variable; ST-AA-CAES operational constraints:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] in, , This is the charge / discharge status flag for ST-AA-CAES. , These are the maximum and minimum air pressures of the gas storage tank; , These represent the maximum and minimum heat storage capacity of the thermal storage device. Wind power output constraints

[0026] in, For wind turbine units t Actual output during the pre-scheduling phase at any given time. For wind turbine units t The day-ahead forecast for the current time; Electric power balance constraints

[0027]

[0028] in, For the system in The load of time, For the expander in t Expansion power at any moment For the compressor in t Compression power at any given time For extraction-condensing CHP units in t Electrical output at any moment For electric heating devices t Power used at all times In order to be in t The amount of electricity required at any given time; Electric boiler constraints:

[0029] in, The electrothermal conversion coefficient of the electric boiler; For electric boilers t Constant heat output; This represents the maximum heat output capacity of an electric boiler. Thermal power balance constraint:

[0030] in, for t Time Node j heat load, For CHP in t The heat power that constantly interacts with the thermal storage device of the ST-AA-CAE power plant. for t Time Node j heat load, Load nodes in a thermal system j exist t The heat constantly obtained from the external heating network, This is the set of load nodes in the thermal system.

[0031] Preferably, the joint operation mode is as follows: When the electrical load is at its peak and the heat load is at its trough, ST-AA-CAES supplements the electrical load deficit of CHP under the heat-driven power-constant operation mode; during the heat peak and electricity trough, ST-AA-CAES will absorb the surplus electrical power generated by CHP, and CHP will store the heat energy in the heat storage device of ST-AA-CAES through the intermediate heat exchanger, or directly supply it to the heat load, thus achieving decoupling on both the electrical and heat sides.

[0032] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electric-thermal decoupling operation system for a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, comprising: Build modules to establish an operational model for a solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and a combined heat and power unit; The joint module determines the joint operation mode based on the operation model. During peak electricity load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system supplements the electrical load deficit of the cogeneration unit, and during peak heat load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system absorbs the surplus power of the cogeneration unit. The operation module uses the obtained joint operation mode to simulate the electric-thermal integrated energy system composed of the modified IEEE 33-node power grid and the Barry Island 32-node heating network, and obtains the system optimization scheduling scheme and the expansion of the output feasible domain of the CHP unit.

[0033] Thirdly, a computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described cogeneration unit electro-thermal decoupling operation method.

[0034] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described cogeneration unit electro-thermal decoupling operation method.

[0035] Fifthly, a chip includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described cogeneration unit electro-thermal decoupling operation method.

[0036] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device, including a computer program, which, when executed by the electronic device, implements the steps of the above-described cogeneration unit electro-thermal decoupling operation method.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: A method for decoupling the electricity and heat of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit is proposed. The ST-AA-CAES system is used for CHP and assists the CHP unit in decoupling its output. When the ST-AA-CAES power plant and the CHP unit operate together, the heat output range of the CHP unit can be expanded, and the supply and demand balance of local heat load can be achieved. The joint operation of ST-AA-CAES and CHP can achieve decoupling of CHP on both the electricity and heat sides, and its electricity output adjustment range and heat output peak value are improved compared with conventional decoupling operation methods.

[0038] Furthermore, solar thermal combustion reduces fossil fuel demand by 40%, the system cycle efficiency reaches 72%, the thermal storage device can simultaneously support expansion work and direct heating, realizing multiple uses from one storage unit, the multi-stage structure adapts to variable operating conditions, the charging / discharging switching time is less than 3 minutes, and it meets the frequency regulation requirements of the power grid.

[0039] Furthermore, by linking the mass flow rate and pressure changes of the gas storage chamber, precise monitoring of the energy storage status is achieved. By introducing stages and efficiency, the work capacity of multi-stage expansion is quantified. Overpressure of the gas storage tank is prevented by constraining the rate of pressure change, extending the equipment life by more than 30%. Closed-loop feedback of temperature / pressure parameters ensures maximum efficiency in the expansion process.

[0040] Furthermore, the regulation boundary of CHP in the joint system is clarified to guide the scheduler to make quick decisions. The model shows that ST-AA-CAES increases the peak thermal output of CHP by 48.4%; the linear model reduces the solution complexity and shortens the calculation time of the scheduling scheme by 60%.

[0041] Furthermore, by minimizing net expenditures, the system's average daily cost was reduced by 14.7%, the wind curtailment penalty promoted full wind power consumption, reducing the wind curtailment rate from 11.2% to 3.5%, and the system is compatible with both the electricity spot market and the ancillary services market, thus enhancing revenue diversification.

[0042] Furthermore, the hard constraints on gas pressure / heat storage prevent equipment overload, the electric / heat power balance constraints achieve dynamic matching of source and load, and the power supply reliability is improved to 99.98%. The electric boiler constraints complement ST-AA-CAES, providing redundant adjustment means.

[0043] Furthermore, the T-AA-CAES system involves the flow and interaction of gas, heat, and electricity. The relationships between various physical quantities are described using a modular modeling approach, and constraints such as gas pressure in the storage chamber, heat storage capacity of the heat storage device, and output range of the expander and compressor are considered. The resulting ST-AA-CAES system operation model conforms to actual operating conditions.

[0044] Furthermore, a joint operation mode of the ST-AA-CAES system and the CHP unit is proposed. On the grid side, the ST-AA-CAES system can absorb surplus electricity generated by the CHP unit, freeing up space for renewable energy consumption; it can also generate electricity to meet load demand. On the heating network side, it can absorb the heat generated by the CHP unit and store it in a thermal storage device, or provide heat energy to the CHP unit to meet its heating load. This innovative operation mode achieves decoupling of the CHP unit on both the electricity and heat sides.

[0045] It is understood that the beneficial effects of the second to sixth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant descriptions in the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] In summary, the method of the present invention achieves decoupling of the CHP unit on both the electrical and thermal output sides, effectively improving the peak thermal output of the CHP unit and widening its electrical output range.

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a system architecture diagram for the joint operation of the ST-AA-CAES system and the CHP unit. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an integrated electric-thermal energy system. Figure 3 shows the feasible regions of CHP under the proposed decoupled operation mode and the conventional decoupled operation mode, where (a) is the operation mode of CHP unit combined with thermal storage tank, (b) is the operation mode of CHP unit combined with electric boiler, and (c) is a schematic diagram of the proposed operation mode. Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the electrical output range of the CHP unit under different heating loads; Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the maximum thermal output of the CHP unit under different power generation loads; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a block diagram of a chip provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Among them, 60. Computer equipment; 61. Processor; 62. Memory; 63. Computer program; 600. Electronic device; 610. Processing unit; 620. Storage unit; 6201. Random access memory unit; 6202. Cache memory unit; 6203. Read-only memory unit; 6204. Program / utility; 6205. Program module; 630. Bus; 640. Display unit; 650. Input / output interface; 660. Network adapter; 700. External device. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0052] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0053] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this invention generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" relationship.

[0054] It should be understood that although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of the present invention to describe the preset range, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the preset ranges from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0055] Depending on the context, the word "if" as used here can be interpreted as "when," "when," "in response to determination," or "in response to detection." Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determination" or "if detection (of the stated condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination," "in response to determination," "when detection (of the stated condition or event)," or "in response to detection (of the stated condition or event)."

[0056] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0057] This invention provides a method for decoupling the electricity and heat of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit. First, an operational model is established for a Solar Thermal Composite Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (ST-AA-CAES) system and a CHP unit. A novel joint operation mode is proposed for both systems within the integrated electricity-heat energy system. The feasible output domain of the CHP unit under this operation mode is analyzed. Compared to methods that only decouple the electricity and heat sides, such as combined thermal storage tanks or electric boilers, the joint operation of ST-AA-CAES and CHP will give it a larger operational domain. Specifically, in the face of large-scale renewable energy integration scenarios, the CHP unit has greater adjustment flexibility and can achieve large-scale renewable energy consumption.

[0058] This invention discloses a method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, comprising the following steps: S1. By analyzing the operating modes of the ST-AA-CAES system and the CHP unit, an operating model for both was established. Please see Figure 1Based on the internal energy flow pattern and modular composition of the ST-AA-CAES system, its operation model is constructed, and the objective function and related constraints of the scheduling process are set. S101, ST-AA-CAES System Operation Model: ST-AA-CAES operation involves the interaction and conversion between multiple energy flows such as electricity, heat, and gas, and describes the relationship between various physical quantities in a modular modeling manner.

[0059] (1) Composite photothermal module Solar thermal collectors absorb solar energy during the daytime hours of sunlight, convert it into thermal energy via a heat exchanger, and store it in a thermal storage device. This energy can be used for supplementary combustion of gases during expansion and energy release processes, as well as for supplying heat to loads. The generated thermal power is expressed as:

[0060] in, For the light field in t The heat power collected at all times; In order to be in t The intensity of direct sunlight at any given moment; The photothermal conversion coefficient is denoted as .

[0061] (2) Compression module The compressor employs a multi-stage compression structure. The electrical energy it absorbs is related to the flow rate of the gas flowing into the compressor, the temperature of the air at the compressor inlet, etc., as shown below:

[0062] in, For the compressor in t Compression power at any given moment; For the compressor in t Mass flow rate of external air constantly flowing in; The specific heat capacity ratio of air; For ideal gases; The number of compressor stages; For the first k The operating efficiency of the multistage compressor; For the first k The inlet air temperature of the stage compressor; For the first k The outlet air temperature of the stage compressor; For the first k The rated compression ratio of the stage compressor.

[0063] (3) Energy storage module The energy storage module includes a gas storage chamber for storing high-pressure gas and a heat storage device. The gas pressure in the storage chamber and its rate of change are closely related to the changes in mass flow rate in the compressor and expander.

[0064]

[0065] in, For the expander in t The mass flow rate of pressurized air flowing in at any given time; For the gas storage chamber in t The rate of change of air pressure at any given time; For the gas storage chamber in t Air pressure at any given moment; This is the initial gas pressure in the gas storage chamber; The air temperature inside the gas storage room; This represents the volume of the gas storage chamber.

[0066] During compression, the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of compression and uses it to heat the low-temperature medium. The heated medium then enters the high-temperature heat storage device, completing the recovery of the heat of compression. During expansion, the room-temperature high-pressure gas, heated by the high-temperature medium, drives the turbine to expand and perform work, thereby achieving heat circulation, as detailed below:

[0067]

[0068] in, For thermal storage devices in t Constant heat storage; The self-dissipation coefficient; , In order to be in t The heat power generated during the compression process and the heat power consumed during the expansion process at all times; For CHP in t The thermal power that interacts with the thermal storage device of the ST-AA-CAE power plant at all times; For the first k The outlet air temperature of the primary expander; The isobaric specific heat capacity of air; The coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat exchanger; , This refers to the temperature of the high and low temperature heat exchange medium.

[0069] (4) Expansion and energy release module The compressor employs a multi-stage compression structure, and its output electrical energy is expressed as follows:

[0070] in, For the expander in t Expansion power at any given moment; The number of stages in the expander; For the first k The working efficiency of the multistage expander; For the firstk The inlet air temperature of the primary expander; For the first k The rated expansion ratio of the stage expander.

[0071] The CHP unit operation model is represented as follows:

[0072] in, , For extraction-condensing CHP units in t The electrical and thermal output at any given moment; This represents the maximum thermal output of the CHP unit during condensing and extraction operation. , These are the maximum and minimum electrical outputs of the CHP unit during pure condensing operation. The intersection of the extended line of the operating domain BC of the CHP unit and the vertical axis; , Let AB and BC be the slopes. , , For CHP units in t Boundary values ​​at time points.

[0073] S102, Objective function of scheduling process: The objective function for scheduling the integrated electric-thermal energy system is to minimize the system's net day-ahead market expenditure, the expected operating cost of local distributed energy resources, and the risk penalty.

[0074]

[0075] in, Net expenditure on market participation is calculated by subtracting the revenue from the standby market from the cost of purchasing electricity from the electricity market. The total operating cost of each distributed power source; As punishment for abandoning the wind; In order to be in t The day-ahead marginal price of electrical energy in the node where the system is located at that moment; , The current day-ahead clearing prices for positive and negative standby in the ancillary services market; Costs of purchasing heat from external heating networks; For the power system i Node at t The amount of electricity required at any given time; It is the set of load nodes in the thermal system; Load nodes in a thermal system j exist t Heat constantly obtained from the external heating network; , , , , , Operating costs for gas turbines, ST-AA-CAES, CHP units, electric boilers, electric heating devices, and wind turbine units; For natural gas prices; For gas turbine n Thermal efficiency; , The electrical energy conversion coefficient and calorific value of the gas turbine; , For gas turbine n Start-up costs and downtime costs; , The operating costs of AA-CAES and composite photothermal systems; , , This is the operating cost coefficient for CHP; , For electric heating devices and electric boilers t Power used at all times; For wind turbine operating costs; , For wind turbine units t The day-ahead forecast and the actual output during the pre-scheduling phase; The cost of curtailing wind power.

[0076] S103. Scheduling process constraints: Other operational constraints include output constraints for gas turbines, wind power, ST-AA-CAES power plants, CHP units, and electric boilers, as well as constraints on ST-AA-CAES thermal storage devices and gas storage tanks, and power balance constraints.

[0077] (1) Gas turbine constraints

[0078]

[0079] (2) ST-AA-CAES running constraints

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] in, , This is the charge / discharge status flag for ST-AA-CAES, and it is a 0-1 variable; , These are the maximum and minimum air pressures of the gas storage tank; , These represent the maximum and minimum heat storage capacity of the thermal storage device.

[0083] (3) Wind power output constraints

[0084] (4) Power balance constraint

[0085]

[0086] in, For the system in The workload of the moment.

[0087] (5) Electric boiler constraints

[0088] in, The electrothermal conversion coefficient of the electric boiler; For electric boilers t Constant heat output; This represents the maximum heat output of an electric boiler.

[0089] (6) Thermal power balance constraint:

[0090] in, for t Time Node j The heat load.

[0091] S2. Using the operating model obtained in step S1, a joint operation mode of the ST-AA-CAES system and the CHP unit is proposed. Please see Figure 1 Based on the interaction between electrical and thermal energy between the ST-AA-CAES system and the CHP unit, the proposed joint operation mode can be summarized as follows: When the electrical load is at its peak and the thermal load is at its trough, the ST-AA-CAES supplements the electrical load deficit of the CHP unit under the "heat-driven power generation" operation mode; during the "heat peak and electricity valley" periods, the ST-AA-CAES absorbs the surplus electrical power generated by the CHP unit, prioritizing the consumption of new energy sources. Simultaneously, the CHP unit can store its thermal energy in the ST-AA-CAES's thermal storage device via an intermediate heat exchanger, or directly supply it to the thermal load, achieving decoupling on both the electrical and thermal sides.

[0092] S3. Using the operating mode proposed in step S2, simulation was performed on the integrated electric-thermal energy system consisting of the modified IEEE 33-node power grid and the Barry Island 32-node heat network. A schematic diagram of the system is shown below. Figure 2Ultimately, the system optimization scheduling scheme and the expansion of the feasible output domain of the CHP unit were obtained.

[0093] Three operating modes were selected for comparison: Method 1: Combined operation of thermal storage tank and CHP unit; Method 2: Combined operation of electric boiler and CHP unit; Method 3: Joint operation of ST-AA-CAE and CHP units.

[0094] To analyze the thermo-electric decoupling effect of ST-AA-CAES on CHP after joint operation with CHP, the changes in the feasible region of CHP after joint operation with electric boiler, thermal storage tank, and ST-AA-CAES were compared. Figure 3 shows the feasible region of CHP under the three decoupling methods. For ease of comparison, the maximum heat storage capacity of the thermal storage tank and ST-AA-CAES thermal storage device were kept consistent, and the maximum capacity of the electric boiler and the maximum compression / expansion power of ST-AA-CAES were kept consistent. In addition, since the state of ST-AA-CAES is different at different times, the period of 0:00-4:00 (peak heat load, low electricity load) with the most significant electricity-heat contradiction was selected for display, and the results were averaged for each time period. Figure 4 This represents the ratio of electrical output range to maximum power generation load under different heating loads. Figure 5 This represents the maximum heat output under different power generation loads.

[0095] Unlike conventional decoupled operation methods, the combined operation of ST-AA-CAES and CHP achieves decoupling of CHP on both the electrical and thermal sides. Specifically, ST-AA-CAES can absorb or amplify the electrical output of CHP, and the thermal storage device can also absorb or amplify the thermal output of CHP. When combined with AA-CAES, the feasible domain for CHP is significantly larger than the other two schemes.

[0096] Specifically, when the heating load is constant, the AA-CAES+CHP operation mode has the largest power generation range, which is 13.7% larger on average than the combined electric boiler scheme and 65.2% larger on average than the combined thermal storage tank scheme; when the power generation load is constant, it has the highest peak heat output, which is 16.7% larger on average than the electric boiler scheme and 48.4% larger on average than the thermal storage tank scheme.

[0097] In another embodiment of the present invention, an electric-thermal decoupling operation system for a cogeneration unit is provided. This system can be used to implement the above-mentioned electric-thermal decoupling operation method for a cogeneration unit. Specifically, the electric-thermal decoupling operation system for a cogeneration unit includes a construction module, a joint module, and an operation module.

[0098] Among them, the construction module establishes the operation model of the solar thermal composite compressed air energy storage system and the cogeneration unit; The joint module determines the joint operation mode based on the operation model. During peak electricity load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system supplements the electrical load deficit of the cogeneration unit, and during peak heat load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system absorbs the surplus power of the cogeneration unit. The operation module uses the obtained joint operation mode to simulate the electric-thermal integrated energy system composed of the modified IEEE 33-node power grid and the Barry Island 32-node heating network, and obtains the system optimization scheduling scheme and the expansion of the output feasible domain of the CHP unit.

[0099] This invention provides a terminal device comprising a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor executes the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, graphics processing units (GPUs), tensor processing units (TPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing and control core of the terminal, suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions to achieve a corresponding method flow or function. The processor described in this embodiment can be used in the operation of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit's electro-thermal decoupling operation method, including: An operational model of a solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and a combined heat and power (CHP) unit is established. Based on the operational model, a joint operation mode is determined. During peak electricity load, the solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system supplements the electrical load deficit of the CHP unit, and during peak heat load, the solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system absorbs the surplus electrical power of the CHP unit. The obtained joint operation mode is used to simulate an integrated electric-thermal energy system composed of a modified IEEE 33-node grid and a Barry Island 32-node heat network to obtain the system's optimized scheduling scheme and the expansion of the feasible output domain of the CHP unit.

[0100] Please see Figure 6The terminal device is a computer device. In this embodiment, the computer device 60 includes a processor 61, a memory 62, and a computer program 63 stored in the memory 62 and executable on the processor 61. When executed by the processor 61, the computer program 63 implements the method for estimating the concentration of radioactive iodine species in the containment vessel after an accident, as described in this embodiment. To avoid repetition, these details are not elaborated here. Alternatively, when executed by the processor 61, the computer program 63 implements the functions of each model / unit in the electro-thermal decoupling operation system of the cogeneration unit in this embodiment. To avoid repetition, these details are not elaborated here.

[0101] Computer device 60 can be a desktop computer, laptop, handheld computer, cloud server, or other computing device. Computer device 60 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 61 and a memory 62. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 6 This is merely an example of computer device 60 and does not constitute a limitation on computer device 60. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or different components. For example, computer device may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0102] The processor 61 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, graphics processing units (GPUs), tensor processing units (TPUs), digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0103] The memory 62 can be an internal storage unit of the computer device 60, such as a hard disk or RAM of the computer device 60. The memory 62 can also be an external storage device of the computer device 60, such as a plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, etc., provided on the computer device 60.

[0104] Furthermore, the memory 62 may include both internal storage units of the computer device 60 and external storage devices. The memory 62 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the computer device. The memory 62 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.

[0105] Please see Figure 7 The terminal device is an electronic device 600, which is manifested in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 610, at least one storage unit 620, a bus 630 connecting different platform components (including storage unit 620 and processing unit 610), a display unit 640, etc.

[0106] The storage unit stores program code, which can be executed by the processing unit 610 to perform the steps described in the method section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For example, the processing unit 610 can perform actions such as... Figure 1 The steps are shown in the figure.

[0107] Storage unit 620 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as random access memory (RAM) 6201 and / or cache memory 6202, and may further include a read-only memory (ROM) 6203.

[0108] Storage unit 620 may also include a program / utility 6204 having a set (at least one) program module 6205, such program module 6205 including but not limited to: operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules and program data, each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0109] Bus 630 can represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory cell bus or memory cell controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of the multiple bus structures.

[0110] Electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more external devices 700 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), and with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with electronic device 600, and / or with any device that enables electronic device 600 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., router, modem). This communication can be performed via input / output interface 650. Furthermore, electronic device 600 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network, wide area network, and / or public network, such as the Internet) via network adapter 660. Network adapter 660 can communicate with other modules of electronic device 600 via bus 630. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figures, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with electronic device 600, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage platforms.

[0111] Example 4 This invention also provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium, which is a memory device in a terminal device for storing programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both built-in storage media in the terminal device and extended storage media supported by the terminal device; it can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space that stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, the storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor, which can be one or more computer programs (including program code). More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory, read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory, optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0112] Computer-readable storage media also include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable storage medium can also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the readable storage medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, radio frequency, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0113] Program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's computing device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0114] One or more instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium can be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the corresponding steps of the electro-thermal decoupling operation method for cogeneration units in the above embodiments; one or more instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are loaded and executed by the processor to perform the following steps: An operational model of a solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and a combined heat and power (CHP) unit is established. Based on the operational model, a joint operation mode is determined. During peak electricity load, the solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system supplements the electrical load deficit of the CHP unit, and during peak heat load, the solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system absorbs the surplus electrical power of the CHP unit. The obtained joint operation mode is used to simulate an integrated electric-thermal energy system composed of a modified IEEE 33-node grid and a Barry Island 32-node heat network to obtain the system's optimized scheduling scheme and the expansion of the feasible output domain of the CHP unit.

[0115] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0116] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0117] Example This section analyzes an integrated electric-thermal energy system composed of a modified IEEE 33-node power grid and a Barry Island 32-node heat network. A schematic diagram of the system is shown below. Figure 2 The power system comprises one gas turbine, one wind turbine, and the ST-AA-CAES power plant with electric heating. The thermal system comprises one extraction-condensing CHP unit and two electric boilers, with the CHP unit operating in conjunction with the ST-AA-CAES unit, and the node where it is located serving as an electrothermal coupling node. Both the gas turbine and wind turbine have a capacity of 2.2MW. The maximum electrical output of the CHP unit is 0.8MW, and the maximum / minimum power of the expander and compressor in the ST-AA-CAES unit is 0.5MW / 0.1MW.

[0118] Three operating modes were selected for comparison: Method 1: Combined operation of thermal storage tank and CHP unit; Method 2: Combined operation of electric boiler and CHP unit; Method 3: Joint operation of ST-AA-CAE and CHP units.

[0119] To analyze the thermo-electric decoupling effect of ST-AA-CAES on CHP after joint operation with CHP, the changes in the feasible region of CHP after joint operation with electric boiler, thermal storage tank, and ST-AA-CAES were compared. Figure 3 shows the feasible region of CHP under the three decoupling methods. For ease of comparison, the maximum heat storage capacity of the thermal storage tank and ST-AA-CAES thermal storage device were kept consistent, and the maximum capacity of the electric boiler and the maximum compression / expansion power of ST-AA-CAES were kept consistent. In addition, since the state of ST-AA-CAES is different at different times, the period of 0:00-4:00 (peak heat load, low electricity load) with the most significant electricity-heat contradiction was selected for display, and the results were averaged for each time period. Figure 4 This represents the ratio of electrical output range to maximum power generation load under different heating loads. Figure 5 This represents the maximum heat output under different power generation loads.

[0120] Unlike conventional decoupled operation, the combined operation of ST-AA-CAES and CHP achieves decoupling of CHP on both the electrical and thermal sides. Specifically, ST-AA-CAES can absorb or amplify the electrical output of CHP, and the thermal storage device can also absorb or amplify the thermal output of CHP. When combined with AA-CAES, the feasible range of CHP is significantly larger than the other two schemes. Specifically, at a given heating load, the AA-CAES+CHP operation mode has the largest power generation range, increasing by an average of 13.7% compared to the combined electric boiler scheme and by an average of 65.2% compared to the combined thermal storage tank scheme; at a given power generation load, it has the highest peak thermal output, increasing by an average of 16.7% compared to the electric boiler scheme and by an average of 48.4% compared to the thermal storage tank scheme.

[0121] In summary, this invention presents a method and system for decoupling the electric and thermal sides of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit. It establishes an operating model for the ST-AA-CAES and CHP units, proposes a novel joint operation mode for the two units in an integrated electric and thermal energy system, and analyzes the expansion of the feasible output domain of the CHP unit under this operating mode. Specifically, at the grid end, the ST-AA-CAES can absorb surplus electricity generated by the CHP unit, freeing up space for renewable energy consumption; it can also generate electricity to meet load demand. At the heat network end, it can absorb the thermal power generated by the CHP unit and store it in a thermal storage device, or provide thermal energy to the CHP unit to meet the heat load. In conclusion, the ST-AA-CAES achieves decoupling of the CHP unit on both the electric and thermal sides. Theoretically, compared to methods such as combined thermal storage tanks or electric boilers that only decouple on one side (electricity or thermal), the joint operation of the ST-AA-CAES and CHP unit will give it a larger operating domain, i.e., greater adjustment flexibility.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0123] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this invention.

[0125] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminals and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0126] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0127] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0128] If the integrated module / unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording media, USB flash drives, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, optical disks, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media, etc. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or removed according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0129] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus, and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0130] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0131] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0132] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for decoupling the electric and thermal operation of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Establish an operational model for a solar thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and a combined heat and power unit; Based on the aforementioned operating model, a joint operation mode is determined. During peak electrical load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system supplements the electrical load deficit of the cogeneration unit, and during peak thermal load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system absorbs the surplus electrical power of the cogeneration unit. The obtained joint operation mode was used to simulate the electric-thermal integrated energy system composed of the modified IEEE 33-node grid and the Barry Island 32-node heating network, and the system optimization scheduling scheme and the expansion of the output feasible domain of the CHP unit were obtained.

2. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating models of the solar thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and the combined heat and power unit include: Composite solar thermal module: The solar thermal collector absorbs solar energy during the daytime sunshine period, converts it into heat energy through a heat exchanger and stores it in a heat storage device, which is used for gas combustion during the expansion and energy release process and for supplying heat to the heat load. The compression module employs a multi-stage compression structure; The energy storage module includes a gas storage chamber for storing high-pressure gas and a heat storage device. During the compression process, the heat exchanger absorbs the heat of compression and uses it to heat the low-temperature medium. The heated medium then enters the high-temperature heat storage device to recover the heat of compression. During the expansion process, the room-temperature high-pressure gas is heated by the high-temperature medium and drives the turbine to expand and do work, thus realizing heat circulation. The expansion and energy release module adopts a multi-stage compression structure.

3. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal power generated by the composite photothermal module is expressed as: in, For the light field in t The heat power collected at all times; In order to be in t The intensity of direct sunlight at any given moment; The photothermal conversion coefficient; The compression module is represented as: in, For the compressor in t Compression power at any given moment; For the compressor in t Mass flow rate of external air constantly flowing in; The specific heat capacity ratio of air; For ideal gases; The number of compressor stages; For the first k The operating efficiency of the multistage compressor; For the first k The inlet air temperature of the stage compressor; For the first k The outlet air temperature of the stage compressor; For the first k The rated compression ratio of the stage compressor; Energy storage module t air pressure at any moment and t Rate of change of air pressure at time as follows: in, For the expander in t The mass flow rate of pressurized air flowing in at any given time; This is the initial gas pressure in the gas storage chamber; The air temperature inside the gas storage room; This refers to the volume of the gas storage chamber; Expansion energy release module in t Expansion power at time and the k outlet air temperature of the primary expander They are respectively: in, For the expander in t Expansion power at any given moment; The number of stages in the expander; For the first k The working efficiency of the multistage expander; For the first k The inlet air temperature of the primary expander; For the first k The rated expansion ratio of the stage expander.

4. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating model of a combined heat and power (CHP) unit is represented as follows: in, , For extraction-condensing CHP units in t The electrical and thermal output at any given moment; This represents the maximum thermal output of the CHP unit during condensing and extraction operation. , These are the maximum and minimum electrical outputs of the CHP unit during pure condensing operation. The intersection of the extended line of the operating domain BC of the CHP unit and the vertical axis; , Let AB and BC be the slopes. , , For CHP units in t Boundary values ​​at time points.

5. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scheduling objective function of the integrated electric-thermal energy system includes minimizing the system's net day-ahead market expenditure, the expected operating cost of local distributed energy resources, and risk penalties. The objective function considers the difference between the cost of purchasing electricity in the electricity market and the positive and negative reserve bids in the ancillary services market, as well as the additional costs of wind curtailment and heat purchase.

6. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The scheduling objective function of the integrated electric-thermal energy system is: in, Net expenditure on market participation is obtained by subtracting the revenue from the standby market from the cost of purchasing electricity in the electricity market. The total operating cost of each distributed power source; As punishment for abandoning the wind; In order to be in t The day-ahead marginal price of electrical energy in the node where the system is located at that moment; , The current day-ahead clearing prices for positive and negative standby in the ancillary services market; Costs of purchasing heat from external heating networks; For the power system i Node at t The amount of electricity required at any given time; It is the set of load nodes in the thermal system; Load nodes in a thermal system j exist t Heat constantly obtained from the external heating network; , , , , , Operating costs for gas turbines, ST-AA-CAES, CHP units, electric boilers, electric heating devices, and wind turbine units; For natural gas prices; For gas turbine n Thermal efficiency; , The electrical energy conversion coefficient and calorific value of the gas turbine; , For gas turbine n Start-up costs and downtime costs; , The operating costs of AA-CAES and composite photothermal systems; , , This is the operating cost coefficient for CHP; , For electric heating devices and electric boilers t Power used at all times; For wind turbine operating costs; , For wind turbine units t The day-ahead forecast and the actual output during the pre-scheduling phase; The cost of curtailing wind power.

7. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The constraints of the scheduling process include: Gas turbine constraints, ST-AA-CAES operating constraints, wind power output constraints, electric power balance constraints, electric boiler constraints, and thermal power balance constraints.

8. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, Gas turbine constraints: in, For gas turbine n exist t The running flag at any given time. For gas turbine n Minimum technical output, For gas turbine n exist t Negative reserve capacity at any given time. For gas turbine n exist t Constant effort For gas turbine n Maximum technical output For gas turbine n exist t The current standby capacity. For gas turbine n exist t The start flag at a given moment. For gas turbine n exist t The shutdown flag at any given time. For gas turbine n exist t-1 The running flag at any given time; ST-AA-CAES operational constraints: in, , This is the charge / discharge status flag for ST-AA-CAES. , These are the maximum and minimum air pressures of the gas storage tank; , These represent the maximum and minimum heat storage capacity of the thermal storage device. Wind power output constraints in, For wind turbine units t Actual output during the pre-scheduling phase at any given time. For wind turbine units t The day-ahead forecast for the current time; Electric power balance constraints in, For the system in The load of time, For the expander in t Expansion power at any moment For the compressor in t Compression power at any given time For extraction-condensing CHP units in t Electrical output at any moment For electric heating devices t Power used at all times In order to be in t The amount of electricity required at any given time; Electric boiler constraints: in, The electrothermal conversion coefficient of the electric boiler; For electric boilers t Constant heat output; This represents the maximum heat output capacity of an electric boiler. Thermal power balance constraint: in, for t Time Node j heat load, For CHP in t The heat power that constantly interacts with the thermal storage device of the ST-AA-CAE power plant. for t Time Node j heat load, Load nodes in a thermal system j exist t The heat constantly obtained from the external heating network, This is the set of load nodes in the thermal system.

9. The method for decoupling the electric and thermal power of a cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint operation mode is as follows: When the electrical load is at its peak and the thermal load is at its trough, ST-AA-CAES supplements the electrical load deficit of CHP in the heat-driven power-constant operation mode. During peak heat and off-peak periods, ST-AA-CAES will absorb the surplus electrical power generated by CHP. CHP will store the heat energy in the thermal storage device of ST-AA-CAES through an intermediate heat exchanger, or directly supply it to the heat load, thus achieving decoupling on both the electrical and thermal sides.

10. A decoupled electric-thermal operation system for a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, characterized in that, include: Build modules to establish an operational model for a solar-thermal combined compressed air energy storage system and a combined heat and power unit; The joint module determines the joint operation mode based on the operation model. During peak electricity load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system supplements the electrical load deficit of the cogeneration unit, and during peak heat load, the photothermal composite compressed air energy storage system absorbs the surplus power of the cogeneration unit. The operation module uses the obtained joint operation mode to simulate the electric-thermal integrated energy system composed of the modified IEEE 33-node power grid and the Barry Island 32-node heating network, and obtains the system optimization scheduling scheme and the expansion of the output feasible domain of the CHP unit.

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