Intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system which comprises a control chip, a battery, an input circuit, a DC-DC circuit, a voltage detection circuit, an auxiliary control circuit and a super capacitor C2. The output end of the battery is connected to the input end of the input circuit, the output end of the output circuit is connected to the DC-DC circuit, the output end of the DC-DC circuit supplies power to a load of the intelligent water meter, and the detection circuit is used for detecting the voltage of the battery. The auxiliary control circuit is used for controlling charging and discharging of the super capacitor according to the output voltage of the detection circuit, the output end of the voltage detection circuit further outputs a detection signal to the control chip, and the control chip is in communication connection with a water affair server; faults such as data errors caused by power failure due to battery replacement are effectively avoided, and the possibility of disputes between supply and demand parties is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a smart water meter control system, and more particularly to a smart water meter power supply early warning control system. Background Technology

[0002] Smart water meters are widely used due to their advantages such as real-time data and the elimination of manual meter reading. Smart water meters are generally battery-powered and contain electrical components such as signal transmitters, sensors, and electrically controlled valves. When the battery is low and needs replacement, a short power outage may occur, which can easily lead to water supply interruptions, data transmission delays, and missed water consumption statistics. It can even cause data corruption (generally, long-term data from smart water meters is not lost, but it can lead to short-term data errors, such as discrepancies between actual and displayed water consumption), potentially causing disputes between water suppliers and consumers.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies employ a dual-power system. When the main battery fails to supply power, an auxiliary battery is used. When the main battery is low on power, the system automatically switches to the auxiliary battery and simultaneously issues a warning to replace the main battery. However, since the main battery typically has a long service life and the auxiliary battery is in standby mode for extended periods, environmental factors and the auxiliary battery's self-discharge mean that even when switching to the auxiliary battery, it may still experience insufficient power, resulting in power outages during battery replacement.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, it is urgent to propose a new technical approach. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a power supply early warning control system for smart water meters, which can monitor the voltage status of the battery and issue early warnings based on the voltage status to remind water managers to replace the battery. Moreover, while issuing early warnings, the auxiliary control circuit and supercapacitor can ensure that the smart water meter does not lose power during the battery replacement process, thereby effectively avoiding data errors and other malfunctions caused by power outages during battery replacement and reducing the possibility of disputes between the supply and demand parties.

[0006] The present invention provides a smart water meter power supply early warning control system, which includes a control chip, a battery, an input circuit, a DC-DC circuit, a voltage detection circuit, an auxiliary control circuit, and a supercapacitor C2.

[0007] The output terminal of the battery is connected to the input terminal of the input circuit, and the output terminal of the output circuit is connected to the DC-DC circuit. The output terminal of the DC-DC circuit supplies power to the load of the smart water meter. The detection circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery. The auxiliary control circuit is used to control the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor according to the output voltage of the detection circuit. The output terminal of the voltage detection circuit also outputs a detection signal to the control chip. The control chip is communicatively connected to the water server.

[0008] Furthermore, the input circuit includes a diode D1 and a capacitor C1;

[0009] The positive terminal of diode D1 serves as the input terminal of the input circuit, the negative terminal of diode D1 is grounded through capacitor C1, and the common connection point between the negative terminal of diode D1 and capacitor C1 serves as the output terminal of the input circuit.

[0010] Furthermore, the auxiliary control circuit includes a charging control circuit and a discharging control circuit;

[0011] The control terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit, the power supply terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the input terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit, and the output terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the supercapacitor C2.

[0012] The control terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the input terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the supercapacitor C2, and the output terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the charging control circuit includes transistor T3, transistor T2, resistor R4, resistor R6, and resistor R8;

[0014] The collector of transistor T3 is connected to the output of the DC-DC circuit as the input terminal of the charging control circuit. The emitter of transistor T3 is connected to one end of resistor R6, and the other end of resistor R6 serves as the output terminal of the charging control circuit. The base of transistor T3 is connected to the collector of transistor T2. The base of transistor T2 is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 serves as the control terminal of the charging control circuit, connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit. The emitter of transistor T2 is connected to one end of resistor R8, and the other end of resistor R8 serves as the power supply terminal of the charging control circuit, connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

[0015] Furthermore, the discharge control circuit includes resistors R3 and R5, and transistor T1;

[0016] One end of resistor R5 serves as the input terminal of the discharge control circuit, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1. The collector of transistor T1 serves as the output terminal of the discharge control circuit and is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit. The base of transistor T1 is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R3 serves as the control terminal of the discharge control circuit.

[0017] Furthermore, the voltage detection circuit includes resistors R1, R2, and R7, as well as a Zener diode ZD1;

[0018] One end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery as the input terminal of the voltage detection circuit, and the other end of resistor R1 is grounded through resistor R2. The common connection point between resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode ZD1 through resistor R7. The positive terminal of Zener diode ZD1 serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a voltage regulator module, the input of which is connected to the output of the input circuit, and the output of which supplies power to the control chip.

[0020] Furthermore, the DC-DC circuit is a BOOST circuit, and the control terminal of the BOOST circuit is connected to the control chip.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention enables the monitoring of battery voltage status and provides early warnings based on the voltage status, reminding water managers to replace the battery. Furthermore, during the early warning process, the auxiliary control circuit and supercapacitor ensure that the smart water meter does not experience power outages during battery replacement, thereby effectively avoiding data errors and other malfunctions caused by power outages during battery replacement and reducing the possibility of disputes between the supply and demand parties. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below:

[0026] The present invention provides a smart water meter power supply early warning control system, which includes a control chip, a battery, an input circuit, a DC-DC circuit, a voltage detection circuit, an auxiliary control circuit, and a supercapacitor C2.

[0027] The battery's output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the input circuit, and the output terminal of the output circuit is connected to a DC-DC circuit. The output terminal of the DC-DC circuit supplies power to the smart water meter's load. The detection circuit detects the battery's voltage, and the auxiliary control circuit controls the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor based on the output voltage of the detection circuit. The output terminal of the voltage detection circuit also outputs a detection signal to the control chip, which communicates with the water management server. This structure enables monitoring of the battery's voltage status and provides early warnings based on that status, reminding water management personnel to replace the battery. Furthermore, the auxiliary control circuit and supercapacitor ensure that the smart water meter does not lose power during battery replacement, effectively preventing data errors and other malfunctions caused by power outages during battery replacement and reducing the possibility of disputes between the supply and demand parties.

[0028] In this embodiment, the input circuit includes a diode D1 and a capacitor C1;

[0029] The positive terminal of diode D1 serves as the input terminal of the input circuit, and the negative terminal of diode D1 is grounded through capacitor C1. The common connection point between the negative terminal of diode D1 and capacitor C1 serves as the output terminal of the input circuit. Capacitor C1 is used to filter out interference and also plays a role in stabilizing the voltage.

[0030] In this embodiment, the auxiliary control circuit includes a charging control circuit and a discharging control circuit;

[0031] The control terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit, the power supply terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the input terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit, and the output terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the supercapacitor C2.

[0032] The control terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the input terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the supercapacitor C2, and the output terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit.

[0033] Specifically, the charging control circuit includes transistor T3, transistor T2, resistor R4, resistor R6, and resistor R8;

[0034] The collector of transistor T3 is connected to the output of the DC-DC circuit as the input terminal of the charging control circuit. The emitter of transistor T3 is connected to one end of resistor R6, and the other end of resistor R6 serves as the output terminal of the charging control circuit. The base of transistor T3 is connected to the collector of transistor T2. The base of transistor T2 is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 serves as the control terminal of the charging control circuit, connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit. The emitter of transistor T2 is connected to one end of resistor R8, and the other end of resistor R8 serves as the power supply terminal of the charging control circuit, connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

[0035] The discharge control circuit includes resistor R3, resistor R5, and transistor T1;

[0036] One end of resistor R5 serves as the input terminal of the discharge control circuit, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1. The collector of transistor T1 serves as the output terminal of the discharge control circuit and is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit. The base of transistor T1 is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R3 serves as the control terminal of the discharge control circuit. Both transistors T2 and T1 are P-type transistors.

[0037] In this embodiment, the voltage detection circuit includes resistors R1, R2, and R7, as well as a Zener diode ZD1.

[0038] One end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery as the input terminal of the voltage detection circuit, and the other end of resistor R1 is grounded through resistor R2. The common connection point between resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode ZD1 through resistor R7. The positive terminal of Zener diode ZD1 serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit. This voltage detection circuit can accurately determine the battery's voltage state without additional calculations, thus eliminating the need for a control chip to participate in control calculations and reducing the power consumption of the control chip.

[0039] This embodiment also includes a voltage regulator module. The input terminal of the voltage regulator module is connected to the output terminal of the input circuit, and the output terminal of the voltage regulator module supplies power to the control chip. The voltage regulator module uses existing voltage regulator chips, such as the 78 series voltage regulator chip and the AMS1117 series voltage regulator chip. These chips can output a relatively stable voltage to the control chip and have relatively low power consumption, requiring no additional control. The control chip can be the control chip of the smart water meter itself. The DC-DC circuit is a BOOST circuit, and the control terminal of the BOOST circuit is connected to the control chip. Since the operating voltage of the electronically controlled valves and sensors in the smart water meter is often inconsistent with that of the control chip, the BOOST circuit boosts the battery voltage. The control chip outputs different duty cycles to make the BOOST circuit output the corresponding voltage, thereby meeting the needs of the electronically controlled valves or sensors. The control chip and the water server generally use low-power communication modules such as NB-IoT for data communication.

[0040] The principles of this invention will be further explained below:

[0041] When the battery voltage is sufficient, the Zener diode ZD1 conducts. By adjusting the resistance of resistor R8, when the Zener diode ZD1 is conducting, transistor T2 remains off, thus transistor T3 is off, and capacitor C2 is not charged. At this time, a detection voltage VF is provided to the control chip, which is a high-level state. The control chip recognizes this high level, indicating that the battery power is sufficient. As the battery voltage decreases over time, until it drops to a certain value, the Zener diode ZD1 turns off, indicating that the battery needs to be replaced within a certain period. VF switches to a low level, which the control chip recognizes and sends a battery replacement warning command to the tax server. The water department arranges for personnel (due to the specialized nature of smart water meter battery replacement, professional personnel are required) to replace the battery within the specified time. In other words, at this point, the battery can still provide power to the smart water meter's load, but it has entered a low-power state and needs timely replacement. At this time, due to the reverse polarity between the base and emitter of transistor T2... The biasing of transistors causes transistor T2 to conduct, which in turn turns on transistor T3, supplying power to the load while simultaneously charging capacitor C2. Once capacitor C2 is fully charged, charging stops. Transistor T3 remains on, but transistor T1 remains off. When the battery is replaced, the base and emitter of transistor T1 are reverse-biased the instant the battery is removed, causing T1 to conduct and capacitor C2 to discharge. Simultaneously, transistors T2 and T3 turn off. This rapid discharge of the capacitor ensures a seamless transition, preventing power outages during battery replacement. When a new battery is installed, transistor T1 turns off, the Zener diode turns on, and transistors T2 and T3 turn off, completing the switching. The discharge time of capacitor C2 is determined by both capacitor C2 and resistor R5, and can be set to a suitable value to meet the discharge time requirements during battery replacement. Diode D1 effectively prevents malfunctions in the circuit. Moreover, during the power supply switching process in this application, the control chip only needs to perform low power warning and does not need to participate in other control, thus not increasing the power consumption of the control chip (because the more control calculations the control chip participates in, the more its power consumption will increase), which is beneficial to the low power consumption requirements of smart water meters.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart water meter power supply early warning control system, characterized in that: This includes a control chip, battery, input circuit, DC-DC circuit, voltage detection circuit, auxiliary control circuit, and supercapacitor C2; The output terminal of the battery is connected to the input terminal of the input circuit, and the output terminal of the output circuit is connected to the DC-DC circuit. The output terminal of the DC-DC circuit supplies power to the load of the smart water meter. The detection circuit is used to detect the voltage of the battery. The auxiliary control circuit is used to control the charging and discharging of the supercapacitor according to the output voltage of the detection circuit. The output terminal of the voltage detection circuit also outputs a detection signal to the control chip. The control chip is communicatively connected to the water server.

2. The intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input circuit includes a diode D1 and a capacitor C1; The positive terminal of diode D1 serves as the input terminal of the input circuit, the negative terminal of diode D1 is grounded through capacitor C1, and the common connection point between the negative terminal of diode D1 and capacitor C1 serves as the output terminal of the input circuit.

3. The intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary control circuit includes a charging control circuit and a discharging control circuit; The control terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit, the power supply terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the input terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the output terminal of the DC-DC circuit, and the output terminal of the charging control circuit is connected to the supercapacitor C2. The control terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the positive terminal of the battery, the input terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the supercapacitor C2, and the output terminal of the discharge control circuit is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit.

4. The intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The charging control circuit includes transistor T3, transistor T2, resistor R4, resistor R6, and resistor R8; The collector of transistor T3 is connected to the output of the DC-DC circuit as the input terminal of the charging control circuit. The emitter of transistor T3 is connected to one end of resistor R6, and the other end of resistor R6 serves as the output terminal of the charging control circuit. The base of transistor T3 is connected to the collector of transistor T2. The base of transistor T2 is connected to one end of resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 serves as the control terminal of the charging control circuit, connected to the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit. The emitter of transistor T2 is connected to one end of resistor R8, and the other end of resistor R8 serves as the power supply terminal of the charging control circuit, connected to the positive terminal of the battery.

5. The intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The discharge control circuit includes resistor R3, resistor R5, and transistor T1; One end of resistor R5 serves as the input terminal of the discharge control circuit, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to the emitter of transistor T1. The collector of transistor T1 serves as the output terminal of the discharge control circuit and is connected to the input terminal of the DC-DC circuit. The base of transistor T1 is connected to one end of resistor R3, and the other end of resistor R3 serves as the control terminal of the discharge control circuit.

6. The intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage detection circuit includes resistors R1, R2, and R7, as well as a Zener diode ZD1. One end of resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery as the input terminal of the voltage detection circuit, and the other end of resistor R1 is grounded through resistor R2. The common connection point between resistors R1 and R2 is connected to the negative terminal of Zener diode ZD1 through resistor R7. The positive terminal of Zener diode ZD1 serves as the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit.

7. The intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a voltage regulator module, the input of which is connected to the output of the input circuit, and the output of which supplies power to the control chip.

8. The intelligent water meter power supply early warning control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC-DC circuit is a BOOST circuit, and the control terminal of the BOOST circuit is connected to the control chip.

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