Circuit board for time-limited high-voltage shock in military police equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a circuit board for time-limited high-voltage shock in military police equipment. The circuit board comprises a power supply input end used for providing a direct current power supply; the inching switch trigger circuit is used for triggering an electric shock action through a physical key and controlling the starting of the electric shock; the timing control unit is used for controlling the duration of the electric shock action; the power output unit is used for converting the low-voltage direct current provided by the direct-current power supply into a high-voltage pulse and driving electric shock output when the inching switch trigger circuit controls the electric shock to start; and the protection circuit provides circuit protection when the circuit board is subjected to high-voltage reverse impact and / or overvoltage damage. According to the circuit board provided by the invention, the risk of equipment damage or personal injury caused by overuse can be prevented, necessary protection can be provided when the circuit is subjected to high-voltage reverse impact, and the safety and reliability of the equipment are further enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of high-voltage electric shock devices, and more specifically, to a circuit board for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The original high-voltage stun guns mostly used the direct current provided by the battery to be converted into alternating current through an inverter circuit, and then, based on the transformer principle, the high voltage was increased through the primary coil and the secondary coil.

[0003] Traditional stun guns lack time control when releasing high voltage. This uncontrolled high-voltage shock method has significant drawbacks, primarily in two aspects: First, prolonged continuous high-voltage shocks cause electronic components to overheat and become severely damaged, thus shortening the overall lifespan of the stun gun. Second, prolonged use of high-voltage shocks on suspects or targets can cause serious bodily harm and even death.

[0004] Therefore, this application provides a circuit board for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a circuit board for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment, which can solve at least one of the aforementioned technical problems. The specific solution is as follows: According to a specific embodiment of this application, in a first aspect, this application provides a circuit board for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment, comprising: The circuit includes a power input terminal for providing DC power; a jog switch trigger circuit for triggering the electric shock action via a physical button to control the start of the electric shock; a timing control unit for controlling the duration of the electric shock action; a power output unit for converting the low-voltage DC power supplied by the DC power supply into a high-voltage pulse and driving the electric shock output when the jog switch trigger circuit controls the start of the electric shock; and a protection circuit for providing circuit protection when the circuit board experiences high-voltage reverse impact and / or overvoltage damage.

[0006] In one embodiment, the timing control unit is implemented based on a timer.

[0007] In one embodiment, the power input terminal includes a first battery (H1), a first resistor (R1), and a second resistor (R2). The first resistor (R1) and the second resistor (R2) are connected in parallel between VCC and GND of the first battery (H1) to stabilize the input voltage of the power input terminal and suppress power supply noise. The momentary switch trigger circuit includes a first button (P1) and a first capacitor (C1). The first button (P1) is connected between the analog power terminal (VCC) and the ground terminal (GND) of the power input terminal. The first capacitor (C1) is connected to the trigger terminal (TRIG) of the timing control unit. The timing control unit includes a timer (U1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a fourth capacitor (C4), and a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a sixth resistor (R6), and a seventh resistor (R7), wherein the second capacitor (C2) and the third capacitor (C3)... The fourth capacitor (C4), together with the fourth resistor (R4), fifth resistor (R5), sixth resistor (R6), and seventh resistor (R7), constitute a timing circuit used to set the duration of the high-voltage electric shock. The power output unit includes a first field-effect transistor (Q1) and an eighth resistor (R8). The first field-effect transistor (Q1) is connected between the output terminal (OUT) of the timing control unit and the ground terminal (GND). The eighth resistor (R8) is connected between the gate and source of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) to control the switching state of the first field-effect transistor (Q1). The protection circuit includes a first diode (D1) and a second diode (D2). The first diode (D1) is connected between the analog power supply terminal (VCC) of the power input terminal and the ground terminal (GND). The second diode (D2) is connected between the first output terminal (P2) of the power output unit and the analog power supply terminal (VCC) to achieve circuit protection against high-voltage reverse impulse voltage.

[0008] In one embodiment, the following features are defined: the momentary switch trigger circuit generates a transient pulse signal when the first button (P1) is triggered via the first capacitor (C1), and the transient pulse signal is input to the trigger terminal (TRIG) of the timing control unit to start the timing control unit; the second capacitor (C2) is connected between the reset terminal (RESET) and the ground terminal (GND) of the timer (U1) to force reset the timer in case of circuit abnormality; the first field-effect transistor (Q1) is turned on when the output terminal (OUT) of the timer (U1) outputs a high level, driving and releasing high voltage current; the eighth resistor (R8) is used to limit the gate current of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) to ensure stable switching state; the first diode (D1) is used to prevent reverse voltage from impacting the power input terminal, and the second diode (D2) is used to protect the output terminal of the power output unit from high voltage reverse impact.

[0009] In one implementation, the timing control unit is based on a microcontroller.

[0010] In one embodiment, the power input terminal includes a second battery (H2); the momentary switch trigger circuit includes a second button (P3), which is connected between the microcontroller (U2) and the ground terminal (GND) to receive a trigger signal; the timing control unit includes a microcontroller (U2), which receives a bioimpedance detection signal through a first pin (PA0), controls the output voltage of the power output unit through a second pin (PA1), and controls the on / off state of each module in the power output unit through a third pin (PA2), a fourth pin (PA3), and a fifth pin (PA4). Simultaneously, it receives an output electrical signal through a sixth pin (PA5) and outputs the electrical signal to the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit via a seventh pin (PB0); the power output unit includes a first boost transformer module (U3), a second boost transformer module (U4), a third boost transformer module (U5), a third field-effect transistor (Q3), an operational amplifier (U7), and an eleventh resistor (R11). The twelfth resistor (R12), the second field-effect transistor (Q2), the second output terminal (P5), and the third diode (D3) are connected in sequence. The first boost transformer module (U3), the second boost transformer module (U4), and the third boost transformer module (U5) are connected in sequence. The third field-effect transistor (Q3) is controlled by the microcontroller (U2) to realize multi-stage transformation. The operational amplifier (U7) amplifies the electrical signal after multi-stage transformation so that the output signal meets the power requirements. The protection circuit includes the ninth resistor (R9), the tenth resistor (R10), and the capacitor (C5), a thermoelectric cooler (TEC), a microcontroller (H3), and a temperature sensor (U6). The microcontroller (H3) controls the working state of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) through pins. The temperature sensor (U6) monitors the temperature in real time and feeds it back to the microcontroller (H3). The ninth resistor (R9), the tenth resistor (R10), and the capacitor (C5) together constitute a bioimpedance detection circuit to provide the microcontroller (U2) with the impedance information of the attacked individual.

[0011] In one embodiment, the output of the seventh pin (PB0) is determined by the combined result of the temperature control strategy, bioimpedance control strategy and voltage control strategy of the microcontroller (H3); the third diode (D3) is connected between the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit and the analog power supply terminal (VCC) to prevent reverse voltage surges.

[0012] In one embodiment, the microcontroller (U2) monitors the temperature of the power output unit in real time via the temperature sensor (U6), and the temperature control strategy includes disabling the electrical output of the seventh pin (PB0) when the temperature is detected to exceed a preset threshold; the microcontroller (H3) adjusts the temperature of the power output unit by controlling the on / off state of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC).

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the above-described solutions of this application have at least the following beneficial effects: This application provides a circuit board for timed high-voltage electric shocks in military and police equipment, including a power input terminal, a momentary switch trigger circuit, a timing control unit, a power output unit, and a protection circuit. This circuit structure ensures that the electric shock is strictly controlled within a safe time limit, preventing damage to electronic components and the object being shocked from prolonged shocks. Firstly, the timing control unit precisely controls the shock time, thus preventing the risk of equipment damage or personal injury due to overuse. Secondly, the power output unit converts low-voltage DC into high-voltage pulses, enabling the stun gun to provide effective electric shock output when needed, while the protection circuit provides necessary protection in the event of a high-voltage reverse surge, further enhancing the safety and reliability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A circuit board structure block diagram for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment is shown. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a circuit board structure based on timer support is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a circuit board structure based on microcontroller support is shown.

[0015] Figure label: First battery (H1); First resistor (R1); Second resistor (R2); First button (P1); First capacitor (C1); Timer (U1); Second capacitor (C2); Third capacitor (C3); Fourth capacitor (C4); Fourth resistor (R4); Fifth resistor (R5); Sixth resistor (R6); Seventh resistor (R7); First field-effect transistor (Q1); Eighth resistor (R8); First diode (D1); Second diode (D2); Second battery (H2); Second button (P3); Microcontroller (U2); First pin (PA0); Second pin (PA1); Third pin Pin 1 (PA2); Pin 2 (PA3); Pin 3 (PA4); Pin 4 (PB0); First boost transformer module (U3); Second boost transformer module (U4); Third boost transformer module (U5); Third field-effect transistor (Q3); Operational amplifier (U7); Eleventh resistor (R11); Twelfth resistor (R12); Second field-effect transistor (Q2); Second output terminal (P5); Third diode (D3); Ninth resistor (R9); Tenth resistor (R10); Capacitor (C5); Thermoelectric cooler (TEC); Microcontroller (H3); Temperature sensor (U6). Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms “a,” “said,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0018] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0019] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of this application for description, these descriptions should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish the descriptions. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, first may also be referred to as second, and similarly, second may also be referred to as first.

[0020] Depending on the context, the words “if” or “suppose” as used here can be interpreted as “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.” Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases “if determination” or “if detection (of the stated condition or event)” can be interpreted as “when determination” or “in response to determination” or “when detection (of the stated condition or event)” or “in response to detection (of the stated condition or event).”

[0021] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the product or device that includes that element.

[0022] It should be noted that any symbols and / or numbers present in the specification that are not marked in the accompanying drawings are not reference numerals.

[0023] The optional embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] The embodiment provided in this application is an embodiment of a circuit board for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment.

[0025] The following is combined with Figure 1 The embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0026] Figure 1 A circuit board structure block diagram for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment is shown.

[0027] Power input terminal 11 is used to provide DC power.

[0028] The jog switch trigger circuit 12 is used to trigger the electric shock action via a physical button, thereby controlling the start of the electric shock.

[0029] The timing control unit 13 is used to control the duration of the electric shock action.

[0030] The power output unit 14 is used to convert the low-voltage DC provided by the DC power supply into a high-voltage pulse, and drive the electric shock output when the electric shock is started by the jog switch trigger circuit 12.

[0031] Protection circuit 15 provides circuit protection when the circuit board is damaged by high voltage reverse impact and / or overvoltage.

[0032] This application provides a circuit board for timed high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment, including a power input terminal 11, a momentary switch trigger circuit 12, a timing control unit 13, a power output unit 14, and a protection circuit 15. This circuit structure ensures that the electric shock is strictly controlled within a safe time limit, preventing damage to electronic components and the object being shocked from prolonged shocks. Firstly, the timing control unit 13 can precisely control the shock time, thus preventing the risk of equipment damage or personal injury due to overuse. Secondly, the power output unit 14 converts low-voltage DC into high-voltage pulses, enabling the stun gun to provide effective electric shock output when needed, while the protection circuit 15 provides necessary protection in the event of a high-voltage reverse surge, further enhancing the safety and reliability of the equipment.

[0033] In one implementation, the timing control unit 13 is based on a timer.

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a circuit board structure based on timer support is shown.

[0035] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power input terminal 11 includes a first battery (H1), a first resistor (R1), and a second resistor (R2). The first resistor (R1) and the second resistor (R2) are connected in parallel between VCC and GND of the first battery (H1) to stabilize the input voltage of the power input terminal 11 and suppress power supply noise.

[0036] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the jog switch trigger circuit 12 includes a first button (P1) and a first capacitor (C1). The first button (P1) is connected between the analog power supply terminal (VCC) and the ground terminal (GND) of the power input terminal 11, and the first capacitor (C1) is connected to the trigger terminal (TRIG) of the timing control unit 13.

[0037] For example, such as Figure 2As shown, the timing control unit 13 includes a timer (U1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a fourth capacitor (C4), a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a sixth resistor (R6), and a seventh resistor (R7). The second capacitor (C2), the third capacitor (C3), the fourth capacitor (C4), the fourth resistor (R4), the fifth resistor (R5), the sixth resistor (R6), and the seventh resistor (R7) together constitute a timing circuit used to set the duration of the high-voltage electric shock.

[0038] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the power output unit 14 includes a first field-effect transistor (Q1) and an eighth resistor (R8). The first field-effect transistor (Q1) is connected between the output terminal (OUT) and the ground terminal (GND) of the timing control unit 13. The eighth resistor (R8) is connected between the gate and the source of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) and is used to control the switching state of the first field-effect transistor (Q1).

[0039] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the protection circuit 15 includes a first diode (D1) and a second diode (D2). The first diode (D1) is connected between the analog power supply terminal (VCC) and the ground terminal (GND) of the power input terminal 11, and the second diode (D2) is connected between the first output terminal (P2) and the analog power supply terminal (VCC) of the power output unit 14, for circuit protection against high voltage reverse impulse voltage.

[0040] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the jog switch trigger circuit 12 generates a transient pulse signal when the first button (P1) is triggered by the first capacitor (C1). The transient pulse signal is input to the trigger terminal (TRIG) of the timing control unit 13 to start the timing control unit 13.

[0041] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second capacitor (C2) is connected between the reset terminal (RESET) of the timer (U1) and the ground terminal (GND) to force a reset of the timer in case of circuit abnormality.

[0042] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first field-effect transistor (Q1) turns on when the output (OUT) of the timer (U1) outputs a high level, driving and releasing the high voltage current. The eighth resistor (R8) is used to limit the gate current of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) to ensure the stability of the switching state.

[0043] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first diode (D1) is used to prevent reverse voltage from impacting the power input terminal 11, and the second diode (D2) is used to protect the output terminal of the power output unit 14 from high voltage reverse impact.

[0044] In some embodiments, the circuit board of this application mainly includes a power input terminal 11, a jog switch trigger circuit 12, a timing control unit 13, a power output unit 14, and a high-voltage protection circuit 15. The power input terminal 11 is powered by a lithium-ion battery, with a stable voltage range of 6V to 10V to ensure the power supply stability of the circuit board. The jog switch trigger circuit 12 receives trigger signals from the operator. When a trigger signal is generated, the timing control unit 13 (e.g., using a timer U1 or a microcontroller U2) immediately starts, controlling the power output unit 14 to drive the boost circuit, thus releasing the high-voltage current. The timing control unit 13 is set with a fixed time constant, such as 3 seconds. After the set duration is reached, the timing unit automatically stops outputting the high-voltage current, ensuring that the electric shock is strictly controlled within a safe and stable time limit.

[0045] The power output unit 14 employs a high-performance field-effect transistor (Q1), coupled with a reasonable heat dissipation and anti-interference layout, effectively reducing the temperature rise during circuit operation and ensuring output stability. Furthermore, the circuit board of this application includes a high-voltage protection circuit 15, which can effectively resist high-voltage reverse surge voltage, ensuring that circuit components are not damaged. Simultaneously, the circuit board design also considers factors such as heat dissipation, anti-interference, and voltage stability, such as adding heat dissipation holes and filter capacitors, to ensure the overall circuit operates stably and reliably. In summary, this application efficiently achieves the function of precise, time-limited high-voltage electric shock, protecting electronic components, extending the service life of military and police equipment, and reducing the risk to the life safety of those being shocked. It possesses significant technological innovation and promising application prospects.

[0046] As a feasible embodiment, the timing control unit 13 is implemented based on a timer, which makes the timing control of the electric shock more precise and reliable. Using a timer allows setting a fixed duration of the electric shock, such as 3 seconds, ensuring consistency in each shock and avoiding excessively long shocks due to human error, thereby improving the safety of the device. Furthermore, the power input terminal 11 includes a first battery (H1), a first resistor (R1), and a second resistor (R2). The first resistor (R1) and the second resistor (R2) are connected in parallel between VCC and GND of the first battery (H1) to stabilize the input voltage of the power input terminal 11 and suppress power supply noise. The first button (P1) in the jog switch trigger circuit 12, in conjunction with the first capacitor (C1), generates a transient pulse signal to trigger the timing control unit 13. The timing control unit 13 uses a timing circuit composed of a timer (U1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a fourth capacitor (C4), and fourth resistors (R4), fifth resistors (R5), sixth resistors (R6), and seventh resistors (R7) to set the duration of the high-voltage electric shock. The first field-effect transistor (Q1) in the power output unit 14 is turned on or off according to the timer output state, and the eighth resistor (R8) is used to limit the gate current of the first field-effect transistor (Q1). The first diode (D1) and the second diode (D2) in the protection circuit 15 are used to protect the power input terminal 11 and the power output terminal from reverse voltage surges, respectively. These measures work together to not only ensure the stability of the circuit, but also effectively prevent damage caused by voltage fluctuations or reverse surges, thus extending the life of the equipment.

[0047] In one specific embodiment, during implementation, the jog switch trigger circuit 12 generates a transient pulse signal when the first button (P1) is pressed via the first capacitor (C1), which is input to the trigger terminal (TRIG) of the timing control unit 13 to start the timing control unit 13. The second capacitor (C2) is connected between the reset terminal (RESET) of the timer (U1) and the ground terminal (GND) to force a reset of the timer in case of circuit abnormality, ensuring normal system operation. The gate current of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) is limited by the eighth resistor (R8) to ensure accurate switching action. The first diode (D1) and the second diode (D2) provide protection for the power input terminal 11 and the power output terminal, respectively. This design ensures stable operation even in complex environments, reduces the failure rate, and improves the user experience. For example, when there is high-frequency noise interference in the external environment, the parallel voltage divider circuit of the first resistor (R1) and the second resistor (R2) can effectively suppress noise, while the transient response capability of the first capacitor (C1) ensures the reliability of the trigger signal. In addition, the reset function of the second capacitor (C2) can quickly restore the system state in case of circuit abnormality, avoiding the risk of equipment damage caused by continuous high voltage output.

[0048] In view of the limitations of timers in the above embodiments, this application provides another circuit with better adjustment effect and richer functions.

[0049] In one implementation, the timing control unit 13 is based on a microcontroller.

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a circuit board structure based on microcontroller support is shown.

[0051] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power input terminal 11 includes a second battery (H2).

[0052] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the jog switch trigger circuit 12 includes a second button (P3), which is connected between the microcontroller (U2) and the ground terminal (GND) to receive trigger signals.

[0053] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the timing control unit 13 includes a microcontroller (U2). The microcontroller (U2) receives a bioimpedance detection signal through the first pin (PA0), controls the output voltage of the power output unit 14 through the second pin (PA1), and controls the on / off state of each module in the power output unit 14 through the third pin (PA2), the fourth pin (PA3), and the fifth pin (PA4). At the same time, it receives the output electrical signal through the sixth pin (PA5) and outputs the electrical signal to the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit 14 through the seventh pin (PB0).

[0054] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power output unit 14 includes a first boost transformer module (U3), a second boost transformer module (U4), a third boost transformer module (U5), a third field-effect transistor (Q3), an operational amplifier (U7), an eleventh resistor (R11), a twelfth resistor (R12), a second field-effect transistor (Q2), a second output terminal (P5), and a third diode (D3). The first boost transformer module (U3), the second boost transformer module (U4), and the third boost transformer module (U5) are connected in sequence. The third field-effect transistor (Q3) is controlled by the microcontroller (U2) to realize multi-stage transformation. The operational amplifier (U7) amplifies the electrical signal after multi-stage transformation so that the output signal meets the power requirements.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, the protection circuit 15 includes a ninth resistor (R9), a tenth resistor (R10), a capacitor (C5), a thermoelectric cooler (TEC), a microcontroller (H3), and a temperature sensor (U6). The microcontroller (H3) controls the working state of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) through pins. The temperature sensor (U6) monitors the temperature in real time and feeds it back to the microcontroller (H3). The ninth resistor (R9), the tenth resistor (R10), and the capacitor (C5) together constitute a bioimpedance detection circuit, providing the microcontroller (U2) with impedance information of the attacked individual.

[0056] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the output of pin 7 (PB0) is determined by the combined result of the microcontroller's (H3) temperature control strategy, bioimpedance control strategy, and voltage control strategy.

[0057] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the third diode (D3) is connected between the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit 14 and the analog power supply terminal (VCC) to prevent reverse voltage surges.

[0058] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the microcontroller (U2) monitors the temperature of the power output unit 14 in real time through the temperature sensor (U6). The temperature control strategy includes disabling the electrical output of the seventh pin (PB0) when the temperature is detected to exceed a preset threshold.

[0059] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the microcontroller (H3) regulates the temperature of the power output unit 14 by controlling the on / off state of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC).

[0060] In some embodiments, when the second button (P3) is triggered, the microcontroller (U2) receives a bioimpedance detection signal through the first pin (PA0), controls the output voltage of the power output unit 14 through the second pin (PA1), and controls the on / off states of the first boost transformer module (U3), the second boost transformer module (U4), and the third boost transformer module (U5) through the third pin (PA2), the fourth pin (PA3), and the fifth pin (PA4), respectively. During this period, the microcontroller (U2) receives the output electrical signal amplified by the operational amplifier (U7) through the sixth pin (PA5), and transmits the electrical signal to the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit 14 through the seventh pin (PB0), ultimately achieving electric shock through the eleventh resistor (R11) and the second field-effect transistor (Q2). Simultaneously, the electrical signal received by the microcontroller (U2) through the sixth pin (PA5) is also used for real-time feedback control to dynamically adjust the electric shock parameters.

[0061] In one feasible embodiment, the microcontroller (U2) controls the conduction states of the first boost transformer module (U3), the second boost transformer module (U4), and the third boost transformer module (U5) via the third pin (PA2), the fourth pin (PA3), and the fifth pin (PA4), realizing a multi-stage transformation function from module 0 to module 3. The terminal voltage of the third field-effect transistor (Q3) is adjusted by the microcontroller (U2) via the second pin (PA1) to optimize the boost efficiency under different voltage conditions. The operational amplifier (U7) further amplifies the electrical signal after multi-stage transformation to ensure that the output signal meets the power requirements. During this process, the microcontroller (U2) acquires bioimpedance information via the first pin (PA0), receives temperature data from the temperature sensor (U6) via the eighth pin (PB2), and, in conjunction with a preset voltage threshold, comprehensively determines whether to continue the electric shock operation.

[0062] As one specific embodiment, when bioimpedance, temperature, or voltage conditions are insufficient but meet the minimum electric shock criteria, the microcontroller (U2) proportionally reduces the output voltage by adjusting the terminal voltage of the third field-effect transistor (Q3) to maintain the effectiveness of the electric shock while ensuring safety. For example, when the impedance abnormally increases or the temperature exceeds a set threshold, the microcontroller (U2) reduces the output current by lowering the drive voltage of the third field-effect transistor (Q3), thereby avoiding the risk of overload. When conditions are severely abnormal and the minimum electric shock criteria cannot be met, the microcontroller (U2) directly cuts off the voltage output of the seventh pin (PB0) through software control, stopping the electric shock behavior and preventing equipment damage or injury to the object being shocked.

[0063] For example, in the upgraded version, the power input terminal 11 is powered by a second battery (H2), and the jog switch trigger circuit 12 is connected to the microcontroller (U2) via the second button (P3) to input the trigger signal. The timing control unit 13 is implemented based on the microcontroller (U2), allowing dynamic adjustment of the electric shock parameters, such as automatically adjusting the electric shock intensity based on the bioimpedance detection results, thus improving the system's intelligence level. The power output unit 14 integrates a multi-stage boost module (U3-U5) and a third field-effect transistor (Q3), which, together with the signal amplification function of the operational amplifier (U7), ensures the stability and controllability of the output voltage. The protection circuit 15 adds a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) and a temperature sensor (U6), which is controlled by the microcontroller (H3) through pins to switch the TEC on and off, thereby adjusting the temperature of the power output unit 14 in real time and preventing malfunctions caused by overheating.

[0064] For this upgrade solution, the output of pin 7 (PB0) is affected by multiple control strategies, including the microcontroller's (H3) temperature control strategy, bioimpedance control strategy, and voltage control strategy. Pin 7 (PB0) will only output an electric shock signal when the temperature, impedance, and voltage all meet the safety thresholds. A third diode (D3) is connected between the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit 14 and the analog power supply terminal (VCC) to provide additional reverse voltage protection, ensuring circuit stability under abnormal operating conditions.

[0065] In another specific embodiment, the microcontroller (U2) monitors the temperature change of the power output unit 14 in real time via a temperature sensor (U6). When the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, the microcontroller (U2) immediately disables the electrical output of the seventh pin (PB0), stopping the electric shock behavior. Simultaneously, the microcontroller (H3) actively reduces the temperature of the power output unit 14 by adjusting the operating state of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC), keeping the system operating within a safe range. This dynamic temperature management mechanism significantly extends the device's lifespan and reduces the failure rate caused by overheating. Furthermore, the bioimpedance detection circuit composed of the ninth resistor (R9), the tenth resistor (R10), and the capacitor (C5) provides the microcontroller (U2) with accurate impedance data, further optimizing the real-time adjustment capability of the electric shock parameters.

[0066] Although the operations are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order or serial order shown, or requiring all of the operations shown to obtain the desired result. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

[0067] The circuit board of this application can be manufactured using standard programming techniques, utilizing rule-based logic or other logic to implement various method steps. It should also be noted that the terms "device" and "module" as used herein and in the claims are intended to include implementations using one or more lines of software code and / or hardware implementations and / or devices for receiving input.

[0068] Any step, operation, or procedure described herein may be performed or implemented using one or more hardware or software modules, either alone or in combination with other devices. In one embodiment, the software module is implemented using a computer program product comprising a computer-readable medium containing computer program code, which is executable by a computer processor to perform any or all of the described steps, operations, or procedures.

[0069] The foregoing description of implementations of this application has been provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes. The foregoing description is not exhaustive and is not intended to limit this application to the exact forms disclosed. Various modifications and variations may exist in accordance with the foregoing teachings, or may arise from practice of this application. These embodiments were chosen and described to illustrate the principles of this application and its practical application, enabling those skilled in the art to utilize this application in various implementations and modifications to suit the specific purpose of the concept.

[0070] Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module performs its operation has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0071] It can be further understood that, unless otherwise specified, "connection" includes both direct connections where no other components exist between the two parties and indirect connections where other components exist between them.

[0072] It is further understood that although the operations are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application, this should not be construed as requiring these operations to be performed in the specific order or serial order shown, or requiring all the operations shown to obtain the desired result. In certain environments, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.

[0073] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the field of this application that are not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0074] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

[0075] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A circuit board for time-limited high-voltage electric shock in military and police equipment, characterized in that, include: The power input terminal is used to provide DC power. The jog switch trigger circuit is used to trigger the electric shock action via a physical button, thereby controlling the start of the electric shock. A timing control unit is used to control the duration of the electric shock action; The power output unit is used to convert the low-voltage DC provided by the DC power supply into a high-voltage pulse, and drive the electric shock output when the jog switch trigger circuit controls the electric shock to start. The protection circuit provides circuit protection when the circuit board is damaged by high voltage reverse impact and / or overvoltage.

2. The circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The timing control unit is implemented based on a timer.

3. The circuit board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power input terminal includes a first battery (H1), a first resistor (R1), and a second resistor (R2). The first resistor (R1) and the second resistor (R2) are connected in parallel between VCC and GND of the first battery (H1) to stabilize the input voltage of the power input terminal and suppress power noise. The jog switch trigger circuit includes a first button (P1) and a first capacitor (C1). The first button (P1) is connected between the analog power supply terminal (VCC) and the ground terminal (GND) of the power input terminal, and the first capacitor (C1) is connected to the trigger terminal (TRIG) of the timing control unit. The timing control unit includes a timer (U1), a second capacitor (C2), a third capacitor (C3), a fourth capacitor (C4), a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a sixth resistor (R6), and a seventh resistor (R7). The second capacitor (C2), the third capacitor (C3), the fourth capacitor (C4), the fourth resistor (R4), the fifth resistor (R5), the sixth resistor (R6), and the seventh resistor (R7) together constitute a timing circuit used to set the duration of the high-voltage electric shock. The power output unit includes a first field-effect transistor (Q1) and an eighth resistor (R8). The first field-effect transistor (Q1) is connected between the output terminal (OUT) of the timing control unit and the ground terminal (GND). The eighth resistor (R8) is connected between the gate and the source of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) and is used to control the switching state of the first field-effect transistor (Q1). The protection circuit includes a first diode (D1) and a second diode (D2). The first diode (D1) is connected between the analog power supply terminal (VCC) and the ground terminal (GND) of the power input terminal, and the second diode (D2) is connected between the first output terminal (P2) of the power output unit and the analog power supply terminal (VCC) to realize circuit protection against high voltage reverse impulse voltage.

4. The circuit board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The jog switch trigger circuit generates a transient pulse signal when the first button (P1) is triggered via the first capacitor (C1). The transient pulse signal is input to the trigger terminal (TRIG) of the timing control unit to start the timing control unit. The second capacitor (C2) is connected between the reset terminal (RESET) and the ground terminal (GND) of the timer (U1) to force a reset of the timer in case of circuit abnormality; The first field-effect transistor (Q1) is turned on when the output terminal (OUT) of the timer (U1) outputs a high level, driving and releasing the high voltage current. The eighth resistor (R8) is used to limit the gate current of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) to ensure stable switching state. The first diode (D1) is used to prevent reverse voltage from impacting the power input terminal, and the second diode (D2) is used to protect the output terminal of the power output unit from high voltage reverse impact.

5. The circuit board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The timing control unit is implemented based on a microcontroller.

6. The circuit board according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power input terminal includes a second battery (H2); The jog switch trigger circuit includes a second button (P3), which is connected between the microcontroller (U2) and the ground terminal (GND) to receive trigger signals; The timing control unit includes a microcontroller (U2). The microcontroller (U2) receives a bioimpedance detection signal through a first pin (PA0), controls the output voltage of the power output unit through a second pin (PA1), and controls the on / off state of each module in the power output unit through a third pin (PA2), a fourth pin (PA3), and a fifth pin (PA4). Simultaneously, it receives the output electrical signal through a sixth pin (PA5) and outputs the electrical signal to the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit via a seventh pin (PB0). The power output unit includes a first boost transformer module (U3), a second boost transformer module (U4), a third boost transformer module (U5), a third field-effect transistor (Q3), an operational amplifier (U7), an eleventh resistor (R11), a twelfth resistor (R12), a second field-effect transistor (Q2), a second output terminal (P5), and a third diode (D3). The first boost transformer module (U3), the second boost transformer module (U4), and the third boost transformer module (U5) are connected in sequence. The third field-effect transistor (Q3) is controlled by the microcontroller (U2) to achieve multi-stage transformation. The operational amplifier (U7) amplifies the electrical signal after multi-stage transformation so that the output signal meets the power requirements. The protection circuit includes a ninth resistor (R9), a tenth resistor (R10), a capacitor (C5), a thermoelectric cooler (TEC), a microcontroller (H3), and a temperature sensor (U6). The microcontroller (H3) controls the operating state of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) through pins. The temperature sensor (U6) monitors the temperature in real time and feeds it back to the microcontroller (H3). The ninth resistor (R9), the tenth resistor (R10), and the capacitor (C5) together constitute a bioimpedance detection circuit, providing the microcontroller (U2) with impedance information of the attacked individual.

7. The circuit board according to claim 6, characterized in that: The output of the seventh pin (PB0) is determined by the combined result of the temperature control strategy, bioimpedance control strategy and voltage control strategy of the microcontroller (H3); The third diode (D3) is connected between the second output terminal (P5) of the power output unit and the analog power supply terminal (VCC) to prevent reverse voltage surges.

8. The circuit board according to claim 7, characterized in that: The microcontroller (U2) monitors the temperature of the power output unit in real time through the temperature sensor (U6), and the temperature control strategy includes disabling the electrical output of the seventh pin (PB0) when the temperature is detected to exceed a preset threshold. The microcontroller (H3) regulates the temperature of the power output unit by controlling the on / off state of the thermoelectric cooler (TEC).

Images