Seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing dynamic conditioning seeder

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing dynamic conditioning seeding machine which comprises a rack, and a pressing device, a furrow opener, a seeding device and a fertilizer applying device which are sequentially mounted on the rack, the seeding device comprises an air suction type seeder, a reseeding assembly and a miss-seeding sensor, and the air suction type seeder comprises a seeding cavity and a seeding disc rotatably arranged in the seeding cavity; the reseeding assembly comprises a supporting shaft sleeve coaxially connected with the seeding disc and slidably connected with the side wall of the seeding cavity, a connecting shaft penetrating through the supporting shaft sleeve, an elastic friction plate rotatably arranged at one end of the connecting shaft and a pushing structure pushing the connecting shaft to move, and a ratchet wheel structure is arranged at the joint of the elastic friction plate and the connecting shaft; the elastic friction plate is connected with the supporting shaft sleeve through a torsion spring; the elastic friction plate is in clutch connection with a land wheel on the rack; the miss-seeding sensor is arranged in the seeding cavity and electrically connected with the pushing structure through the controller, and the agricultural operation requirements of stable seeding depth, high reseeding efficiency and compact structure can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a dynamic quality-regulating seeder for simultaneous sowing of seeds and fertilizer. Background Technology

[0002] In current agricultural production, seed and fertilizer simultaneous seeders have become one of the mainstream agricultural machinery equipment because they can complete seeding and fertilization operations at the same time and improve planting efficiency.

[0003] However, existing seed-fertilizer co-sowing seeders still have many technical pain points in practical applications: (1) Poor consistency of sowing depth: Most seeders lack an effective pre-compacting mechanism, and the surface of the soil is uneven during operation, resulting in large fluctuations in seed sowing depth, which easily leads to missing seedlings and weak seedlings; (2) Problems of missed sowing and replanting: Although traditional seeders (especially air suction seeders) can adsorb seeds through the air suction structure, they are easily affected by factors such as seed mobility, resulting in missed sowing problems where seeds are not sucked up by the air suction hole; and existing replanting mechanisms mostly rely on external auxiliary devices, and the replanting action is delayed and cannot accurately cover the missed sowing area, affecting the uniformity of sowing.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a seeder that can quickly compensate for missed sowing, in order to meet the agricultural operation requirements of stable sowing depth, high reseeding efficiency, and compact structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the aforementioned technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application proposes a dynamic quality-regulating seeder for simultaneous seed and fertilizer application, comprising: a frame, and a pressing device, a furrow opener, a seeding device, and a fertilizer application device sequentially installed on the frame along the working direction; the seeding device includes an air-suction seeder, a reseeding component, and a missed seed sensor, wherein the air-suction seeder includes a seeding chamber fixed to the frame and a seeding disc rotatably disposed within the seeding chamber, wherein the seeding disc has multiple air-suction holes, and a feed hopper and a fan are respectively connected to both sides of the seeding chamber; the reseeding component includes components related to the seeding device. The device comprises a support bushing coaxially connected to the disc and slidably connected to the side wall of the sowing chamber, a connecting shaft passing through the support bushing and not rotating, an elastic friction plate rotatably disposed at one end of the connecting shaft, and a pushing structure for lateral movement of the connecting shaft. The connection between the elastic friction plate and the connecting shaft is provided with a ratchet structure that can rotate in one direction, and the elastic friction plate is connected to the support bushing via a torsion spring. The elastic friction plate is disengaged from the ground wheel on the frame via a transmission structure. A missed-seeding sensor is disposed inside the sowing chamber and electrically connected to the pushing structure via a controller.

[0007] In addition, the seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder proposed in this application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the back of the seeding tray is provided with limiting posts corresponding to the air suction holes one by one, and the seeding cavity is provided with a support part for blocking the limiting posts, so that when the pushing structure pushes the connecting shaft and disconnects the transmission power between the elastic friction plate and the ground wheel, the support part blocks the limiting posts; and when the transmission power between the elastic friction plate and the ground wheel is engaged, the limiting posts follow the seeding tray away from the support part.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the sowing chamber is provided with scraping teeth for separating the seeds from the air suction holes, and a discharge pipe for receiving fallen seeds is connected below the sowing chamber, the discharge pipe extending to the rear of the furrow opener.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the rotating end of the transmission structure is provided with an active friction plate, so that when the pushing structure pushes the connecting shaft, the elastic friction plate engages with the active friction plate.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: a sliding sleeve is provided inside the seeding chamber, and the connecting shaft is slidably embedded in the sliding sleeve through a spline engagement.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: a connecting frame is provided outside the sowing chamber, and the rotating end of the transmission structure is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the pushing structure includes a fixed frame, a rotating arm, a fork head, and a telescopic unit, wherein the fixed frame is fixedly disposed inside the sowing chamber; the rotating arm is rotatably disposed on the fixed frame; the fork head is disposed on the rotating arm and connected to the connecting shaft; the telescopic unit is disposed inside the sowing chamber, and the telescopic end of the telescopic unit is pivotally connected to the rotating arm, wherein the telescopic unit is electrically connected to the missed sowing sensor through a controller.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: an extension frame is provided on the fixed frame, a contact switch is provided on the extension frame, and the contact switch is located on the rotation path of the rotating arm; a vibrator is provided on the hopper, and the contact switch is electrically connected to the vibrator.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: The sowing chamber is equipped with a stirring structure, which includes a rod sleeve, a rotating rod, a push plate, a compression spring, a fixed sleeve, a stirring arm, and ball bearings. The rod sleeve is disposed on the side wall of the sowing chamber near the hopper; the rotating rod is slidably disposed within the rod sleeve; the push plate is disposed within the rod sleeve and rotatably connected to the end of the rotating rod; the compression spring is disposed within the rod sleeve, and its two ends are respectively connected to the push plate and the rod sleeve; the fixed sleeve is disposed within the sowing chamber, and a spiral groove is provided within the fixed sleeve; the rotating rod passes through the fixed sleeve, and a guide head on the rotating rod is embedded in the spiral groove; the ball bearings are embedded at the end of the rotating rod and abut against the sowing disc.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution: a pressing device is provided at the tail of the frame.

[0017] According to the seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic conditioning seeder of this application, by setting up a compaction device, the soil is compacted before operation, which effectively levels the soil surface, stabilizes the soil structure, and ensures uniform seeding depth. Based on the linkage control of the air-suction seeding disc and the missed seeding sensor, combined with the speed adjustment mechanism of elastic friction plate, torsion spring and push structure, the seeding disc can be quickly driven to rotate when missed seeding occurs, so that the subsequent seed holes accurately cover the missed seeding area, shorten the replanting response time and improve the efficiency of missed seeding compensation. Through the control of the missed seeding sensor and controller, combined with the synergistic effect of vibrator and agitation structure, the problem of seed bridging and blockage is effectively solved, reducing the missed seeding caused by insufficient seed flow.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between a seeding device and a ground wheel according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a seeding device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of a seeding device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a seeding device according to an embodiment of the present application without a seeding tray installed;

[0026] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of a seeding tray and a portion of the reseeding components according to an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a pushing structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the agitation structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a seeding device according to another embodiment of this application;

[0030] As shown in the figure:

[0031] 100. Frame; 101. Ground wheel; 102. Transmission structure; 1021. Active friction plate; 103. Traction frame; 200. Pressing device; 300. Furrow opener; 400. Seeding device; 401. Connecting frame; 410. Air suction seeder; 411. Seeding chamber; 4111. Sliding sleeve; 4112. Scraper teeth; 4113. Discharge pipe; 412. Seeding tray; 4121. Air suction hole; 4122. Limiting post; 4123. Blocking part; 413. Feed hopper; 4131. Vibrator; 414. Fan; 420. Reseeding assembly; 421. Support shaft 422. Connecting shaft; 423. Elastic friction plate; 4231. Ratchet structure; 4232. Torsion spring; 424. Pushing structure; 4241. Fixing frame; 4242. Rotating arm; 4243. Fork head; 4244. Telescopic unit; 4245. Extension frame; 4246. Contact switch; 430. Missed seeding sensor; 440. Agitating structure; 441. Rod sleeve; 442. Rotating rod; 443. Push plate; 444. Compression spring; 445. Fixing sleeve; 446. Agitating arm; 447. Ball bearing; 500. Fertilizer applicator; 600. Covering device. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0033] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a dynamic quality-regulating seeder for simultaneous sowing of seeds and fertilizer according to an embodiment of this application.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder of this application embodiment may include a frame 100, and a pressing device 200, a furrow opener 300, a sowing device 400 and a fertilizing device 500 sequentially installed on the frame 100 along the working direction.

[0035] It should be noted that the dual-channel independent conveying system of the sowing device 400 and the fertilizing device 500 ensures that the fertilizer settles behind the seeds, avoiding the risk of burning seedlings. The compaction device 200 ensures consistent sowing depth before sowing, guaranteeing full, strong, and uniform seedling emergence. Specifically, the compaction device 200 prioritizes contact with the soil, pre-compacting and leveling the soil surface and loosening the soil, thus solving the problem of large fluctuations in sowing depth and providing a prerequisite for consistent sowing depth. The furrow opener 300 follows closely behind the compaction device 200, creating stable furrows in the compacted soil to provide channels for seed and fertilizer application. The dual-channel independent conveying system of the sowing device 400 and the fertilizing device 500 means that seeds are applied through the discharge end of the sowing device 400, while fertilizer is conveyed through the independent channel of the fertilizing device 500, with the fertilizer ultimately settling behind the seeds. This avoids the risk of burning seedlings due to direct contact between fertilizer and seeds, solving the problem of seed and fertilizer mixing and burning seedlings in traditional sowing methods.

[0036] like Figures 2 to 7 As shown, the seeding device 400 includes an air-suction seeder 410, a reseeding component 420, and a missed seeding sensor 430.

[0037] The air-suction seeder 410 includes a seeding chamber 411 fixed on the frame 100 and a seeding disc 412 rotatably disposed in the seeding chamber 411. The seeding disc 412 has multiple air suction holes 4121. The two sides of the seeding chamber 411 are respectively connected to the feed hopper 413 and the blower 414.

[0038] The sowing chamber 411 is equipped with scraper teeth 4112 for separating the seeds from the air suction hole 4121. The sowing chamber 411 is connected to the bottom of the discharge pipe 4113 for receiving fallen seeds. The discharge pipe 4113 extends to the rear of the furrow opener 300.

[0039] It should be noted that by starting the fan 414, a negative pressure is generated in the sowing chamber 411. When the rotating sowing disc 412 rotates, it adsorbs the seeds that enter the sowing chamber 411 from the feed hopper 413 through the air suction hole 4121. After being blocked by the scraper teeth 4112, the seeds finally fall into the discharge pipe 4113, thus realizing sowing.

[0040] The replanting assembly 420 includes a support bushing 421 coaxially connected to the seeding tray 412 and slidably connected to the side wall of the seeding chamber 411, a connecting shaft 422 that passes through the support bushing 421 and is non-rotatable, an elastic friction piece 423 rotatably disposed at one end of the connecting shaft 422, and a pushing structure 424 that pushes the connecting shaft 422 to move laterally.

[0041] A sliding sleeve 4111 is provided inside the seeding chamber 411. The connecting shaft 422 is slidably embedded in the sliding sleeve 4111 through spline engagement. The sliding sleeve 4111 restricts the rotation of the connecting shaft 422.

[0042] The elastic friction plate 423 is provided with a ratchet structure 4231 that can rotate in one direction at the connection between the elastic friction plate 423 and the connecting shaft 422, and the elastic friction plate 423 is connected to the support bushing 421 by a torsion spring 4232. The elastic friction plate 423 and the ground wheel 101 on the frame 100 can be engaged and disengaged through the transmission structure 102.

[0043] It should be noted that the rotating end of the transmission structure 102 is provided with an active friction plate 1021 so that when the pushing structure 424 pushes the connecting shaft 422, the elastic friction plate 423 engages with the active friction plate 1021.

[0044] As one possible scenario, a connecting frame 401 is provided outside the seeding chamber 411. The rotating end of the transmission structure 102 (e.g., a sprocket and chain structure or a synchronous belt structure) is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame 401. The connection frame 401 ensures the stability of the transmission structure 102 driven by the ground wheel 101.

[0045] In addition, the back of the seeding tray 412 is provided with a limiting post 4122 corresponding to the air suction hole 4121, and the seeding chamber 411 is provided with a support part 4123 for blocking the limiting post 4122. When the pushing structure 424 pushes the connecting shaft 422 and disconnects the transmission power of the elastic friction plate 423 from the ground wheel 101, the support part 4123 blocks the limiting post 4122; and when the transmission power of the elastic friction plate 423 is engaged with the ground wheel 101, the limiting post 4122 moves away from the support part 4123 along with the seeding tray 412.

[0046] The missed seeding sensor 430 is located inside the seeding chamber 411 and is electrically connected to the push structure 424 via a controller.

[0047] The missed seeding sensor 430 is configured to, when it detects a missed seeding, control the pushing structure 424 to push the connecting shaft 422, causing the elastic friction plate 423 to disconnect from the power transmission of the ground wheel 101, and the torsion spring 4232 to release its stored energy and drive the seeding disc 412 to rotate rapidly to replant the seeding. After a preset time interval, the pushing structure 424 is controlled again to push the connecting shaft 422 back, so that the elastic friction plate 423 engages with the power transmission of the ground wheel 101, and the torsion spring 4232 stores its energy and drives the seeding disc 412 to rotate and sow the seeding.

[0048] The fertilization device 500 includes a fertilizer box, fertilizer pipes, an electromagnetic control valve, a flow sensor, and a stirring device. The fertilizer box is mounted on the frame 100. Multiple fertilizer pipes are connected to the fertilizer box, and each fertilizer pipe is equipped with an electromagnetic control valve to control the amount of fertilizer applied. The flow sensor detects the amount of fertilizer applied. If the amount of fertilizer applied does not match the opening and closing of the electromagnetic control valve, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box may be blocked. In this case, the controller activates the stirring device in the fertilizer box to agitate the fertilizer and clear the blockage.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figures 1 to 7 and Figure 10 As shown, when sowing seeds and fertilizer simultaneously, the relevant staff install the frame 100 onto the drive equipment.

[0050] After the drive equipment is activated, the frame 100 drives each device forward. The compaction device 200 first comes into contact with the soil to pre-compact the soil, compacting the loose soil, leveling the soil surface, and eliminating soil undulations. The furrow opener 300 opens sowing furrows of uniform depth on the compacted soil.

[0051] As the blower 414 starts, a negative pressure is generated in the sowing chamber 411; the hopper 413 opens, and the seeds fall into the sowing chamber 411 and are adsorbed by the air suction hole 4121 of the sowing disc 412. The pushing structure 424 is in a pushing state, which pushes the connecting shaft 422 to move laterally, so that the elastic friction plate 423 and the active friction plate 1021 of the transmission structure 102 are tightly engaged.

[0052] The ground wheel 101 rotates forward with the drive equipment, and drives the active friction plate 1021 to rotate through the transmission structure 102, which in turn drives the elastic friction plate 423 to rotate synchronously. When the elastic friction plate 423 rotates, the torsion spring 4232 is twisted and stores energy. The stored energy torsion spring 4232 drives the seeding disc 412 to rotate at a constant speed through the support bushing 421. The air suction hole 4121 that adsorbs seeds rotates with the seeding disc 412 to the scraper tooth 4112. The seeds are blocked by the scraper tooth 4112 and fall out of the air suction hole 4121, falling into the discharge pipe 4113, and finally being placed into the seeding furrow.

[0053] At the same time, the fertilization device 500 is started simultaneously. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box enters the fertilizer pipe. The electromagnetic control valve adjusts the opening size according to the pre-applied fertilizer amount. The flow sensor detects the fertilizer flow in real time. If the flow sensor detects an abnormal flow, the controller determines that the fertilizer pipe is blocked and starts the stirring device in the fertilizer box to stir the fertilizer to clear the blockage and ensure that the fertilizer is stably delivered to the sowing furrow.

[0054] The missed seed sensor 430 monitors the seed adsorption status of the air suction hole 4121 in the seeding chamber 411 in real time. When it detects that a certain air suction hole 4121 has not adsorbed seeds (i.e. missed seeding), it immediately sends a missed seeding signal to the controller. After receiving the missed seeding signal, the controller controls the push structure 424 to move, pushing the connecting shaft 422 to move laterally back, so that the elastic friction plate 423 separates from the active friction plate 1021, and the power of the ground wheel 101 is disconnected from the elastic friction plate 423.

[0055] At this time, the torsion spring 4232 releases the energy stored in it, which drives the support bushing 421 to rotate rapidly, and then drives the seeding disc 412 to rotate rapidly along the original seeding direction. Due to the one-way limiting effect of the ratchet structure 4231, the elastic friction plate 423 cannot reverse, ensuring that the seeding disc 412 rotates only along the seeding direction.

[0056] During the rapid rotation of the seeding tray 412, the air suction holes 4121 that subsequently adsorb seeds quickly move to the position of the original missed seeding air suction holes 4121, realizing rapid coverage and reseeding of the missed areas. At the same time, the limiting post 4122 on the back of the seeding tray 412 rotates with the seeding tray 412. When it rotates to the support part 4123, the support part 4123 blocks the limiting post 4122, restricting the seeding tray 412 from continuing to rotate, thus preventing the seeding tray 412 from rotating too much and causing multiple seeds to be continuously released.

[0057] After reseeding is completed, the controller, after a preset time interval (which can be set according to actual conditions), controls the push structure 424 to push the connecting shaft 422 again, so that the elastic friction plate 423 and the active friction plate 1021 re-engage, the torsion spring 4232 stores energy again, and the seeding disc 412 resumes uniform rotation, returning to the normal seeding state.

[0058] As one possible scenario, the missed seed sensor 430 can be a reflective photoelectric sensor, that is, the transmitter and receiver are integrated into one unit through an integrated structure. It is small in size and can be fixed to the inner wall of the seeding chamber 411 by a bracket, and aligned with the rotation path of the air suction hole 4121 of the seeding tray 412 (such as near the upstream position of the scraper tooth 4112 to ensure that the seeds are stably adsorbed on the air suction hole 4121 during detection).

[0059] When the transmitter emits infrared / visible light onto the surface of the air suction hole 4121, if the air suction hole 4121 has seeds adsorbed, the seeds will reflect the light to the receiver, and the receiver will output an electrical signal indicating "seeds present". If seeds are missed (i.e., there are no seeds in the air suction hole 4121), the light will pass directly through the air suction hole 4121 or be reflected by the metal / plastic surface of the seeding tray 412, and the receiver will output a "no seeds present" signal, which will then trigger the controller to control the push structure 424 to move.

[0060] It should be noted that the controller is also electrically connected to the fan 414. When a missed sowing occurs, the controller controls the push structure 424 to move and simultaneously increases the air volume of the fan 414. When replanting missed seeds, the connecting shaft 422 drives the sowing disc 412 to move laterally, and the release of energy by the torsion spring 4232 will drive the sowing disc 412 to rotate rapidly. When the support part 4123 abuts against the limiting post 4122 on the back of the sowing disc 412, the rigid contact between the two is prone to vibration, which may cause the seeds in the sowing chamber 411 to jump and shift, and the seeds adsorbed by the air suction hole 4121 to fall off. Therefore, by synchronously increasing the air volume of the fan 414, the negative pressure intensity in the sowing chamber 411 can be increased, the adsorption force of the air suction hole 4121 on the seeds can be strengthened, and the seeds can be prevented from falling off or shifting due to vibration.

[0061] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, the pushing structure 424 includes a fixed frame 4241, a rotating arm 4242, a shift fork head 4243, and a telescopic unit 4244 (such as an electric telescopic rod or a drive cylinder).

[0062] The fixed frame 4241 is fixedly installed inside the sowing chamber 411, the rotating arm 4242 is rotatably installed on the fixed frame 4241, the fork head 4243 is installed on the rotating arm 4242 and connected to the connecting shaft 422, the telescopic unit 4244 is installed inside the sowing chamber 411, and the telescopic end of the telescopic unit 4244 is pivotally connected to the rotating arm 4242.

[0063] An extension frame 4245 is provided on the fixed frame 4241, and a contact switch 4246 is provided on the extension frame 4245. The contact switch 4246 is located on the rotation path of the rotating arm 4242. A vibrator 4131 is provided on the hopper 413, and the contact switch 4246 is electrically connected to the vibrator 4131.

[0064] The telescopic unit 4244 is electrically connected to the leak sensor 430 via a controller.

[0065] It should be noted that when the missed seeding sensor 430 does not detect missed seeding, the controller controls the telescopic unit 4244 to push the rotating arm 4242 to rotate, which drives the shift fork head 4243 to push the connecting shaft 422, so that the elastic friction plate 423 engages with the active friction plate 1021, and the seeding disc 412 rotates at a constant speed. At this time, the rotating arm 4242 is in a position away from the contact switch 4246, the contact switch 4246 contacts are not triggered, the vibrator 4131 is not powered, and the feeding hopper 413 feeds the seeds naturally by their own weight.

[0066] When the missed seed sensor 430 detects a missed seed, the controller controls the telescopic unit 4244 to drive the rotating arm 4242 to reverse, which drives the fork head 4243 to pull the connecting shaft 422, causing the elastic friction plate 423 to separate from the active friction plate 1021. The torsion spring 4232 releases energy to drive the seeding disc 412 to rotate quickly to replenish the seeds. When the rotating arm 4242 rotates to its maximum angle, its edge presses the contact point of the contact switch 4246, causing the contact switch 4246 to close, the circuit to be connected, and the vibrator 4131 to start. By vibrating the feed hopper 413, the bridging blockage between seeds is broken, the seed flow is enhanced, and more seeds are ensured to fall into the seeding chamber 411 quickly.

[0067] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, a stirring structure 440 is provided inside the sowing chamber 411. The stirring structure 440 includes a rod sleeve 441, a rotating rod 442, a push plate 443, a compression spring 444, a fixed sleeve 445, a stirring arm 446, and a ball bearing 447.

[0068] The rod sleeve 441 is disposed on the side wall of the sowing chamber 411 near the hopper 413. The rotating rod 442 is slidably disposed inside the rod sleeve 441. The push plate 443 is disposed inside the rod sleeve 441 and is rotatably connected to the rod end of the rotating rod 442. The compression spring 444 is disposed inside the rod sleeve 441, and the two ends of the compression spring 444 are respectively connected to the push plate 443 and the rod sleeve 441. The fixed sleeve 445 is disposed inside the sowing chamber 411, and a spiral groove is provided inside the fixed sleeve 445. The rotating rod 442 passes through the fixed sleeve 445, and the guide head on the rotating rod 442 is embedded in the spiral groove. The ball bearing 447 is embedded in the end of the rotating rod 442 and abuts against the sowing disc 412.

[0069] It should be noted that during conventional sowing, the sowing disc 412 only rotates, and its side continuously presses the ball bearing 447 at the end of the rotating rod 442, pushing the rotating rod 442 to retract into the rod sleeve 441; at this time, the push plate 443 compresses the spring 444, the spring is in an energy storage state, but because there is no axial movement, it does not rotate, and the stirring arm 446 remains stationary, without interfering with conventional sowing.

[0070] When the missed seed sensor 430 detects a missed seed, the push structure 424 drives the connecting shaft 422 and the seeding disc 412 to move laterally. The squeezing force between the side of the seeding disc 412 and the ball bearing 447 disappears, the squeeze spring 444 releases its stored energy, and pushes the push plate 443 to move laterally. This causes the rotating rod 442 to extend axially along the rod sleeve 441 and the fixed sleeve 445. The guide head of the rotating rod 442 slides along the spiral groove of the fixed sleeve 445, causing the rotating rod 442 to rotate. The rotating rod 442 drives the stirring arm 446 to rotate synchronously. The stirring arm 446 stirs the seeds below the feed hopper 413 in the seeding chamber 411, breaking the bridging structure between the seeds and making the seeds loose and flowing, thus avoiding the subsequent air suction hole 4121 from being sucked up due to seed accumulation and blockage.

[0071] After reseeding is completed, the push structure 424 drives the seeding disc 412 to move laterally in the opposite direction to reset. The side of the seeding disc 412 squeezes the ball bearing 447 again, pushing the rotating rod 442 to move and rotate. The rotating rod 442 drives the push plate 443 to compress the compression spring 444. The compression spring 444 re-stores energy. The rotating rod 442 drives the stirring arm 446 to rotate in the opposite direction, stirring the seeds again, further loosening the seed pile, and reducing the probability of missed sowing during conventional sowing.

[0072] The stirring structure 440 requires no additional power source. It relies solely on the lateral movement of the seeding tray 412 when seeds are missed. The stirring is achieved through the synergy of the compression spring 444 and the spiral groove, which specifically solves the problem of missed seeding caused by seed bridging. In normal conditions, it does not move and does not affect regular sowing.

[0073] In one embodiment of this application, the pressing device 200 includes a pressure roller and a frame. The frame is mounted on the machine frame 100, and the pressure roller is rotatably mounted on the frame. In addition, a pressing device 600 is provided at the tail of the machine frame 100.

[0074] It should be noted that the mulching device 600 includes a mulching roller and an elastic adjustment frame. One end of the elastic adjustment frame is pivotally connected to the tail of the frame 100 via a spring structure. The mulching roller is rotatably set at the other end of the elastic adjustment frame. The downward pressure adjusted by the elastic adjustment can ensure that the soil is of appropriate looseness, which can prevent the seeds from being exposed due to excessively loose soil, which may be affected by birds pecking or drought, and also prevent the seeds from being hindered from breaking through the soil due to excessively tight soil.

[0075] In summary, the seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic conditioning seeder according to the embodiments of this application, by setting up a compaction device 200, compacts the soil before operation, effectively leveling the soil surface and stabilizing the soil structure, ensuring uniform and consistent seed sowing depth. Based on the linkage control of the air-suction seeding disc 412 and the missed seeding sensor 430, combined with the speed regulation mechanism of the elastic friction plate 423, torsion spring 4232 and push structure 424, the seeding disc 412 can be quickly driven to rotate when missed seeding occurs, so that the subsequent seed holes accurately cover the missed seeding area, shortening the replanting response time and improving the missed seeding compensation efficiency. Through the control of the missed seeding sensor 430 and the controller, combined with the synergistic effect of the vibrator 4131 and the stirring structure 440, the seed bridging and clogging problem is effectively solved, reducing the missed seeding caused by insufficient seed flow.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0077] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0078] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dynamic quality-regulating seeder for simultaneous seed and fertilizer sowing, characterized in that, It includes a frame (100), and a pressing device (200), a furrow opener (300), a seeding device (400) and a fertilizing device (500) installed sequentially on the frame (100) along the working direction. The seeding device (400) includes an air-suction seeder (410), a reseeding assembly (420), and a missed seeding sensor (430), wherein, The air-suction seeder (410) includes a seeding chamber (411) fixed on the frame (100) and a seeding disc (412) rotatably disposed in the seeding chamber (411). The seeding disc (412) is provided with a plurality of air suction holes (4121). The two sides of the seeding chamber (411) are respectively connected to the feed hopper (413) and the blower (414). The replanting assembly (420) includes a support bushing (421) coaxially connected to the seeding tray (412) and slidably connected to the side wall of the seeding chamber (411), a non-rotatable connecting shaft (422) passing through the support bushing (421), an elastic friction plate (423) rotatably disposed at one end of the connecting shaft (422), and a pushing structure (424) for pushing the connecting shaft (422) to move laterally. The connection between the elastic friction plate (423) and the connecting shaft (422) is provided with a ratchet structure (4231) that can rotate in one direction, and the elastic friction plate (423) and the support bushing (421) are connected by a torsion spring (4232). The elastic friction plate (423) and the ground wheel (101) on the frame (100) are disengaged and engageable via a transmission structure (102); The missed seeding sensor (430) is located inside the seeding chamber (411) and is electrically connected to the push structure (424) via a controller.

2. The seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The back of the seeding tray (412) is provided with a limiting post (4122) corresponding to the air suction hole (4121). The seeding cavity (411) is provided with a support part (4123) for blocking the limiting post (4122). When the pushing structure (424) pushes the connecting shaft (422) to disconnect the transmission power between the elastic friction plate (423) and the ground wheel (101), the support part (4123) blocks the limiting post (4122). When the transmission power between the elastic friction plate (423) and the ground wheel (101) is engaged, the limiting post (4122) moves away from the support part (4123) along with the seeding tray (412).

3. The seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing chamber (411) is provided with scraper teeth (4112) for separating the seeds from the air suction hole (4121). The sowing chamber (4111) is connected to the bottom with a discharge pipe (4113) for receiving fallen seeds. The discharge pipe (4113) extends to the rear of the furrow opener (300).

4. The seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating end of the transmission structure (102) is provided with an active friction plate (1021) so that when the push structure (424) pushes the connecting shaft (422), the elastic friction plate (423) engages with the active friction plate (1021).

5. The seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeding chamber (411) is provided with a sliding sleeve (4111), and the connecting shaft (422) is slidably embedded in the sliding sleeve (4111) through spline engagement.

6. The seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting frame (401) is provided outside the sowing chamber (411), and the rotating end of the transmission structure (102) is rotatably mounted on the connecting frame (401).

7. The seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pushing structure (424) includes a fixed frame (4241), a rotating arm (4242), a shift fork head (4243), and a telescopic unit (4244), wherein, The fixing frame (4241) is fixedly installed inside the seeding chamber (411); The rotating arm (4242) is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame (4241); The shift fork head (4243) is disposed on the rotating arm (4242) and connected to the connecting shaft (422); The telescopic unit (4244) is disposed within the seeding chamber (411), and the telescopic end of the telescopic unit (4244) is pivotally connected to the rotating arm (4242), wherein, The telescopic unit (4244) is electrically connected to the leak sensor (430) via a controller.

8. A seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that, An extension frame (4245) is provided on the fixed frame (4241), and a contact switch (4246) is provided on the extension frame (4245), and the contact switch (4246) is located on the rotation path of the rotating arm (4242); The hopper (413) is equipped with a vibrator (4131), and the contact switch (4246) is electrically connected to the vibrator (4131).

9. A seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sowing chamber (411) is provided with a stirring structure (440), which includes a rod sleeve (441), a rotating rod (442), a push plate (443), a compression spring (444), a fixed sleeve (445), a stirring arm (446), and a ball bearing (447). The rod sleeve (441) is disposed on the side wall of the seeding chamber (411) near the feed hopper (413); The rotating rod (442) is slidably disposed within the rod sleeve (441); The push plate (443) is disposed inside the rod sleeve (441) and is rotatably connected to the rod end of the rotating rod (442); The compression spring (444) is disposed inside the rod sleeve (441), and the two ends of the compression spring (444) are respectively connected to the push plate (443) and the rod sleeve (441). The fixing sleeve (445) is disposed inside the seeding chamber (411), and a spiral groove is provided inside the fixing sleeve (445); The rotating rod (442) passes through the fixed sleeve (445), and the guide head on the rotating rod (442) is embedded in the spiral groove; The ball bearing (447) is embedded at the end of the rotating rod (442) and abuts against the seeding tray (412).

10. A seed-fertilizer co-sowing dynamic quality-regulating seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (100) is provided with a pressing device (600) at the rear.

Images