Method for breaking dormancy of iris ensata thunb seeds and accelerating germination

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant seedling raising, and relates to a method for breaking dormancy of iris ensata thunb seeds and accelerating germination, which comprises the following steps: (1) soaking disinfected iris ensata thunb seeds in hydrogen peroxide with the concentration of 3-7wt% for 15-30min; and (2) at 25-30 DEG C, soaking with a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid, and accelerating germination. Hard seed coats are broken through H2O2 soaking treatment, seed coat obstacles and physiological dormancy of the iris ensata thunb seeds are broken through combination of a GA3 + IAA seed soaking mode and fine sand covering germination acceleration, hormones needed by seed germination are supplemented, germination inhibitors existing in the seeds are inhibited, dormancy of the iris ensata thunb seeds is comprehensively relieved, the germination rate of the iris ensata thunb seeds is remarkably increased, and the germination rate of the iris ensata thunb seeds is increased. The germination rate is increased to 80% or above, the germination time can be further shortened, and technical support is provided for large-scale production and application of iris ensata thunb.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant seedling technology, and specifically relates to a method for breaking the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination. Background Technology

[0002] Iris lactea pall, also known as Malan or Malian, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Iris in the family Iridaceae. It is widely distributed in North my country, Northeast China, and Northwest China, possessing strong drought resistance, cold tolerance, and salt tolerance. With a well-developed root system, it is one of the ideal herbaceous plants for ecological vegetation restoration such as slope protection and urban landscape construction. However, Iris lactea seeds have a deep dormancy period, resulting in uneven germination, a long germination time, and a low germination rate. Without any treatment, the germination rate of seeds is only 10%–20% (Wang Yongchun et al., Research on the Dormancy Mechanism of Iris lactea Seeds, 2011, 30(6): 8-12). This severely restricts the promotion and application of Iris lactea in production cultivation. Therefore, the urgent problem to be solved in the current development and application of Iris lactea is to break seed dormancy and accelerate seed germination to improve its germination rate.

[0003] To this end, the inventor of this invention disclosed a method for improving the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in Chinese invention patent publication number CN110431954B. This method uses its seedling substrate and the method of covering it with fine sand germination substrate after sowing to regulate the moisture and air permeability of the seedling substrate and improve the microenvironment for seed germination. However, Iris tectorum seeds have a comprehensive dormancy type, including physical dormancy caused by hard seed coat and physiological dormancy caused by internal embryonic inhibition. Therefore, methods to break the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds and accelerate germination still need further research. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to overcome the limitations of existing technologies and provide a method for breaking the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination. To achieve the above objective, the specific technical solution is as follows: This invention provides a method for breaking the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination, comprising the following steps: (1) Soak the disinfected Iris seeds in 3-7 wt% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at room temperature for 15-30 minutes; (2) Germination is achieved by soaking the plant in a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 (GA3) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) at 25-30℃.

[0005] This invention uses H2O2 soaking treatment to break down the hard seed coat, combined with GA3+IAA soaking and fine sand covering to promote germination, to break the seed coat barrier and physiological dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds, supplement the hormones required for seed germination, and inhibit germination inhibitors present in the seeds, thus comprehensively relieving the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds.

[0006] The hydrogen peroxide used in this invention, with its concentration and soaking time within this range, can better destroy the seed coat through oxidation, enhance the water and air permeability of the seed coat, and oxidize and decompose germination inhibitors inside the seed.

[0007] Furthermore, the concentration of gibberellin 3 is 350–450 mg / L.

[0008] The present invention uses GA3 at this concentration range, which can better stimulate the metabolic activity of seed coat cells, promote seed coat softening or rupture, and promote the elongation and growth of radicle and plumule.

[0009] Furthermore, the concentration of indoleacetic acid is 30–50 mg / L.

[0010] This invention uses IAA within this range of concentrations, which can better break dormancy, accelerate germination, and optimize seedling growth through hormone regulation.

[0011] Furthermore, the soaking time using a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid is 20–30 hours.

[0012] The present invention uses a GA3 and IAA mixture soaking time within this range, which can better activate the activity of related metabolic enzymes, break dormancy and accelerate germination through hormone regulation.

[0013] Furthermore, the Iris seeds are mature, disease-free, and dried seeds. This ensures high germination rates and healthy growth.

[0014] Furthermore, the disinfection method involves soaking the cleaned Iris seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with a concentration of 1-5 wt% for 5-15 minutes.

[0015] Preferably, in the gibberellin 3 (GA3) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) mixed solution, the concentration of gibberellin 3 (GA3) is 400 mg / L and the concentration of indoleacetic acid (IAA) is 40 mg / L.

[0016] Preferably, the Iris seeds are soaked in a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 (GA3) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) for 24 hours.

[0017] Furthermore, the seeds of Iris tectorum, after being soaked in a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid, were covered with fine sand to promote germination.

[0018] Furthermore, the thickness of the fine sand covering is 0.5 to 1 cm.

[0019] The present invention uses fine sand covering of this thickness, which is beneficial to improving the microenvironment such as air permeability and water permeability during the germination of Iris tectorum seeds, and promotes the germination of Iris tectorum seeds.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the method for breaking the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum with distilled water 3 to 5 times, then soak them in a sodium hypochlorite solution with a concentration of 1 to 5 wt% for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them; (2) H2O2 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 5% H2O2 for 15-30 minutes, then rinse thoroughly with running water; (3) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 25-30℃, the seeds of Iris tectorum that had been soaked in H2O2 were soaked in a mixed solution of 400mg / L GA3 and 40mg / L IAA for 24h; (4) Germination: The treated Iris seeds are evenly sown in the seedling substrate and covered with 0.5-1cm of fine sand. Germination is carried out at a temperature of 20-25℃ and a humidity of 60%-70%.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: This invention provides a method for breaking the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination. By softening the seed coat and improving the hormone ratio inside the seed, it breaks the seed coat barrier and physiological dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds, supplements the hormones required for seed germination, and inhibits germination inhibitors present in the seed. This comprehensive approach to breaking the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds significantly improves the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds, raising it to over 80%, and can further shorten the germination time, providing technical support for the large-scale production and application of Iris tectorum. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified in the embodiments or comparative examples of this invention, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field shall be followed, or the product instructions shall be followed. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents or instruments used are all conventional products that can be purchased from legitimate channels.

[0024] The Iris seeds used in the following examples or comparative examples were all selected from mature fruit spikes of healthy plants free from pests and diseases. The Iris seeds were collected, dried in a cool, dry place, and then threshed to remove impurities. Alternatively, they can be purchased from reputable vendors.

[0025] Example 1 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum three times with distilled water, then soak them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) H2O2 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 5wt% H2O2 for 15 min at room temperature, and rinse them with running water; (3) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 25℃, the seeds of Iris tectorum that had been soaked in H2O2 were soaked in a mixed solution of 400 mg / L GA3 and 40 mg / L IAA for 24 h; (4) Germination: Sow the treated Iris seeds evenly in the soil, cover them with 0.75cm of fine sand, and germinate them at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0026] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in this embodiment reached 20.33% after 25 days and 86.67% after 35 days, with good uniformity.

[0027] Example 2 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum with distilled water 5 times, then soak them in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) H2O2 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 5wt% H2O2 for 15 min at room temperature, and rinse them with running water; (3) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 30℃, the seeds of Iris tectorum that had been soaked in H2O2 were soaked in a mixed solution of 400 mg / L GA3 and 30 mg / L IAA for 24 h; (4) Germination: Sow the treated Iris seeds evenly in the soil, cover them with 1cm of fine sand, and germinate them at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0028] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in this embodiment reached 17.67% after 25 days and 83.33% after 35 days.

[0029] Example 3: A method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds, comprising the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum with distilled water 5 times, then soak them in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) H2O2 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 5wt% H2O2 for 15 min at room temperature, and rinse them with running water; (3) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 30℃, the seeds of Iris tectorum that had been soaked in H2O2 were soaked in a mixed solution of 450 mg / L GA3 and 50 mg / L IAA for 24 h; (4) Germination: Sow the treated Iris seeds evenly in the soil, cover them with 0.75cm of fine sand, and germinate them at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0030] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in this embodiment reached 15.33% after 25 days and 79.33% after 35 days.

[0031] Comparative Example 1 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum three times with distilled water, then soak them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) Soak in distilled water for 24 hours at room temperature; (3) Germination: The treated Iris seeds are evenly sown in the soil and covered with 0.75cm of fine sand. Germination is carried out at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0032] The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example differs from that in Example 1 in that the Iris tectorum seeds are not soaked in H2O2, nor in GA3 and IAA. They are only soaked in distilled water for 24 hours. The Iris tectorum seeds are then evenly sown in the soil and covered with 0.75 cm of fine sand to promote germination. All other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0033] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum in this comparative example was 23.33% after 35 days.

[0034] Comparative Example 2 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum three times with distilled water, then soak them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) H2SO4 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 40wt% H2SO4 for 15 min at room temperature, then rinse thoroughly with running water; (3) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 25℃, the seeds of Iris tectorum that had been soaked in 40wt%H2SO4 were soaked in a mixed solution of 400mg / L GA3 and 40mg / L IAA for 24h; (4) Germination: Sow the treated Iris seeds evenly in the soil, cover them with 0.75cm of fine sand, and germinate them at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0035] The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example differs from that in Example 1 in that, in step (2), the Iris tectorum seeds are soaked in 40wt% H2SO4 for 15 minutes, while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0036] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example was 63.33% after 35 days.

[0037] Comparative Example 3 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum three times with distilled water, then soak them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) H2SO4 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 40wt% H2SO4 for 15 min at room temperature, then rinse thoroughly with running water; (3) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 25℃, the seeds of Iris tectorum that had been soaked in 40wt%H2SO4 were soaked in a mixed solution of 400mg / L GA3 and 30mg / L IAA for 24h; (4) Germination: Sow the treated Iris seeds evenly in the soil, cover them with 0.75cm of fine sand, and germinate them at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0038] The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example differs from that in Example 1 in that, in step (2), the Iris tectorum seeds are soaked in 40wt% H2SO4 for 15 minutes, while the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0039] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum in this comparative example was 65.67% after 35 days.

[0040] Comparative Example 4 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum three times with distilled water, then soak them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 25℃, the disinfected Iris seeds were soaked in a mixed solution of 400mg / L GA3 and 40mg / L IAA for 24h; (3) Germination: The treated Iris seeds are evenly sown in the soil and covered with 0.75cm of fine sand. Germination is carried out at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0041] The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example differs from that in Example 1 in that the Iris tectorum seeds are not soaked in H2O2, while the other steps and conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0042] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example was 14.67% after 25 days and 80.00% after 35 days.

[0043] Comparative Example 5 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum three times with distilled water, then soak them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) H2O2 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 5wt% H2O2 for 15 min at room temperature, and rinse them with running water; (3) GA3 and IAA soaking treatment: At 25℃, the seeds of Iris tectorum that had been soaked in H2O2 were soaked in a mixed solution of 400 mg / L GA3 and 300 mg / L 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) for 24 h; (4) Germination: Sow the treated Iris seeds evenly in the soil, cover them with 0.75cm of fine sand, and germinate them at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0044] The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example differs from that in Example 1 in that, in step (3), the Iris tectorum seeds treated with H2O2 were soaked in a mixed solution of 400 mg / L GA3 and 300 mg / L 6-BA at 25°C for 24 h, while the other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0045] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example was 43.33% after 35 days.

[0046] Comparative Example 6 A method for breaking dormancy in Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination includes the following steps: (1) Disinfection treatment: Rinse the seeds of Iris tectorum three times with distilled water, then soak them in a 3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, take them out, rinse them with distilled water and drain them. (2) H2O2 soaking treatment: Soak Iris seeds in 5wt% H2O2 for 15 min at room temperature, and rinse them with running water; (3) Soaking in distilled water: Iris seeds treated with H2O2 were soaked in distilled water for 24 hours at 25℃; (4) Germination: Sow the treated Iris seeds evenly in the soil, cover them with 0.75cm of fine sand, and germinate them at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 65%.

[0047] The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example differs from that in Example 1 in that step (3) is not treated with a mixed solution of GA3 and IAA, but instead soaked in distilled water for 24 hours. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0048] According to the measurements and statistics, the germination rate of Iris tectorum seeds in this comparative example was 30.00% after 35 days.

[0049] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for breaking the dormancy of Iris tectorum seeds and accelerating germination, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Soak the disinfected Iris seeds in 3-7 wt% hydrogen peroxide for 15-30 minutes; (2) Germination is achieved by soaking the plant in a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid at 25-30℃.

2. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of gibberellin 3 is 350–450 mg / L.

3. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of indoleacetic acid is 30–50 mg / L.

4. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The soaking time using a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid is 20–30 h.

5. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seeds mentioned are mature, disease-free, and dried seeds.

6. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, The disinfection method involves soaking the cleaned Iris seeds in a sodium hypochlorite solution with a concentration of 1-5 wt% for 5-15 minutes.

7. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid, the concentration of gibberellin 3 is 400 mg / L and the concentration of indoleacetic acid is 40 mg / L.

8. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 4, characterized in that, The seeds of *Iris tectorum* were soaked in a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid for 24 hours.

9. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that, Iris seeds soaked in a mixed solution of gibberellin 3 and indoleacetic acid were covered with fine sand to promote germination.

10. The method for breaking dormancy and accelerating germination of Iris tectorum seeds according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thickness of the fine sand covering is 0.5 to 1 cm.