Method for improving salt stress resistance of pakchoi seeds

Abstract

The invention provides a method for improving salt stress resistance of pakchoi seeds. Comprising the operation of initiating pakchoi seeds by adopting nano carbon sol with a specific concentration. The mass concentration of the nano carbon sol is 0.01%-10%. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the pakchoi seeds are treated by using the nano carbon sol solution, and then the seeds are dried, so that the germination rate and germination potential of the pakchoi seeds under salt stress are remarkably improved, the salt tolerance of the pakchoi is remarkably enhanced, and efficient and rapid salt damage relieving capability is shown. By adopting the seed priming technology disclosed by the invention, the cultivation process of the pakchoi in a salinization environment is greatly shortened, the data blank in the aspect of applying a nano material to the pakchoi seed priming technology is filled, and a basis is provided for applying the nano carbon sol to horticultural plants, particularly pakchoi and improving the salt tolerance of the pakchoi.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of horticultural cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for improving the salt stress resistance of Chinese cabbage seeds. Background Technology

[0002] Soil salinization is a global problem affecting crop growth and yield, hindering agricultural production and sustainable development. The area of ​​saline-alkali land worldwide has increased to 954 million hectares. 2 This has had a serious impact on the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Salt content inhibits plant seed germination, growth and development, and crop yield.

[0003] bok choy Brassicacampestrisssp.chinensisL. Commonly known as bok choy or rapeseed, it belongs to the Brassicaceae family and the Brassica genus. It is highly favored by people because of its rich nutrition and delicious taste, but its growth is relatively sensitive to salt, and its cultivation in saline-alkali land is limited.

[0004] Seed priming is a pre-treatment technique used before sowing, where seeds are slowly hydrated under controlled conditions to prepare them physiologically for germination without causing damage. Priming treatment not only increases the emergence rate of crop seeds but also results in higher and more uniform emergence, saving seed costs and enhancing seedling resistance to stress. Priming can promote seed germination and improve seed vigor and germination rate. Studies have shown that water priming and salt priming of cotton seeds, as well as water priming and salt priming of rice seeds, have significantly improved germination vigor, germination rate, and uniformity compared to untreated seeds. Furthermore, using both hydration and saline immersion treatments on cotton seeds, primed seeds not only showed better germination rates than untreated seeds but also significantly reduced the incidence of seed-borne pathogens such as Rhizoctonia solani and Verticillium wilt in seedlings. Seed priming can improve the adaptability of seeds and seedlings to abiotic stresses. Li et al. studied the effects of water initiation on seed germination and seedling root growth of pyrethrum under drought conditions. The results showed that the germination rate of initiated seeds under stress was significantly higher than that of untreated seeds, and the seedling roots were more developed, which significantly improved the quality of seedlings under stress.

[0005] Nanocarbon sols have been used in the preparation of nanocomposite films, dyes, and soil conditioners, but there are currently no reports on their application in promoting the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds under salt stress. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for improving the salt stress resistance of vegetable seeds, which solves the problems of slow germination rate and low salt tolerance of Chinese cabbage seeds in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The method for improving the salt stress resistance of vegetable seeds provided by the present invention includes initiating the vegetable seeds with a specific concentration of nano-carbon sol.

[0008] The vegetable seeds mentioned may be bok choy seeds; The mass concentration of the nano-carbon sol can be 0.01%-10%, specifically 0.01-1%, 0.05-0.5%, 0.1-0.5%, and more specifically 0.1% or 0.5%.

[0009] Specifically, the method for improving the salt stress resistance of vegetable seeds provided by the present invention includes the following steps: 1) Disperse nano-carbon sol in deionized water to obtain an initiation solution; 2) Immerse the sterilized vegetable seeds in the nano-carbon sol initiation solution obtained in step 1) in the dark, pour out the suspension after the initiation is completed, and dry the seeds at room temperature. 3) After step 2), the seeds will germinate after sowing.

[0010] In step 1) of the above method, the vegetable seed is a Chinese cabbage seed; The nano-carbon sol has a solid content of 1wt%-30wt% for nano-sized carbon and a particle size of 200 nm-300 nm; the pH of the nano-carbon sol is 6.0. The mass percentage of the nano-carbon sol in the resulting initiating solution can be 0.01%-10%, specifically 0.01-1%, 0.05-0.5%, 0.1-0.5%, and more specifically 0.1% or 0.5%.

[0011] In step 2) of the above method, the vegetable seeds are disinfected by means of the following steps: soaking the seeds in sodium hypochlorite solution, rinsing them with deionized water, and air-drying them at room temperature. The sodium hypochlorite solution has a mass concentration of 0.5%, the soaking time is 3-5 minutes, specifically 5 minutes, and the solution is rinsed with deionized water 4-5 times. The darkness can induce temperatures of 15-25°C for 1-6 hours, specifically 4 hours. The drying time can be 1-2 hours, specifically 2 hours.

[0012] In step 3), the germination can be carried out under salt stress.

[0013] The application of nano-carbon sol in improving the salt stress resistance of vegetable seeds also falls within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0014] The vegetable seeds mentioned are bok choy seeds.

[0015] The nano-carbon sol has a solid content of 1wt%-30wt% for nano-sized carbon and a particle size of 200 nm-300 nm; the pH of the nano-carbon sol is 6.0.

[0016] The mass concentration of the nano-carbon sol is 0.01%-10%; specifically, it can be 0.01-1%, 0.05-0.5%, 0.1-0.5%, or more specifically, 0.5%.

[0017] This invention provides a seed initiation method to improve the salt tolerance of pak choi. Different concentrations of nano-carbon sol are used to initiate the seed production of pak choi, and salt stress treatment is applied during the seed germination stage to explore the response of the method to physiological and biochemical changes such as seed germination characteristics and antioxidant enzyme system of pak choi. This provides a theoretical basis for the high-quality cultivation and production of pak choi in saline-alkali land.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention significantly improves the germination rate and germination potential of pakchoi seeds under salt stress by treating them with a nano-carbon sol solution of a specific concentration and then drying the seeds again. This significantly enhances the salt tolerance of pakchoi and demonstrates a highly efficient and rapid ability to alleviate salt damage. The seed initiation technology of this invention greatly shortens the cultivation process of pakchoi in saline environments, fills the data gap in the application of nanomaterials to pakchoi seed initiation technology, and provides a basis for the application of nano-carbon sols in horticultural plants, especially pakchoi, and for improving their salt tolerance. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This study investigates the effect of different concentrations of nano-carbon sol on the germination rate of Chinese cabbage seeds under salt stress within 48 hours, as described in Example 1 of this invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The effect of 0.5% concentration of nano-carbon sol on the growth and root length of pakchoi seedlings under salt stress in Example 2 of this invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This describes the effect of 0.5% nano-carbon sol on the fresh and dry weight of pak choy under salt stress in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This invention relates to the effect of 0.5% nano-carbon sol on the content of antioxidant enzymes in Chinese cabbage seedlings under salt stress in Example 2 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. The given embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit its scope. The embodiments provided below can serve as a guide for further improvements by those skilled in the art and do not constitute a limitation on the invention in any way.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods, performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Unless otherwise specified, the materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0025] The nano-carbon sols used in the following examples were prepared according to the methods described in the following literature. Document name: Highly hydrophilic carbon nanoparticles: uptake mechanism by mammalian and plant cells Authors: Lijuan Chen, Hongbo Wang, Xiang Li, Cong Nie, Taibo Liang, FuweiXie, Kejian Liu, Xiaojun Peng and Jianping Xie Journal: RSC Advances Prepared according to the method in section 2.2 of the literature, CNPs were prepared. The nano-carbon sol has a solid content of 1-30 wt% for nano-sized carbon, a particle size of 200 nm-300 nm for nano-sized carbon, and a pH of 6.0.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment provides a seed initiation method for improving the salt tolerance of Chinese cabbage, which specifically includes the following steps: S1: Preparation of nano-initiator solution: Disperse nano-carbon sol in deionized water to prepare nano-carbon sol seed initiation solutions of different concentrations (0.01wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.1wt%, 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 3wt%, 5wt%).

[0027] S2: Seed treatment: Select 100 small Chinese cabbage seeds of uniform size and plumpness, rinse with clean water and sift the seeds that sink, disinfect the seeds by soaking them in a 0.5wt% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes, rinse the seeds 4 times with deionized water, and air dry at room temperature for later use. S3: Initiation process: Place the seeds in a 50mL centrifuge tube, add 20mL of nano-carbon sol initiation solution to submerge the seeds, place the centrifuge tube containing the seeds and initiation solution on a mechanical shaker (150 rpm) in the dark to ensure that the initiation solution is in full contact with the seeds, pour out the suspension after 4 hours of initiation, use absorbent paper to absorb the water, spread the seeds evenly on clean absorbent paper, and allow the seeds to dry again at room temperature for 2 hours for subsequent germination tests; S4: Seed germination: The induced seeds were cultured using the paper germination method. The seeds were placed in petri dishes lined with two layers of filter paper. During germination culture, 5 mL of 200 mM NaCl solution was added to each dish. The control group was distilled water (CK was not subjected to salt stress). The seeds were placed in a dark incubator for further culture (the temperature of the dark incubator was 25℃, the culture time was 48 h, and the liquid was added regularly every day. Germination was recorded as the white sprouting standard, and the number of germinated seeds was counted every 6 h).

[0028] The method for determining seed germination indicators is as follows: Select several seedlings from each petri dish, wash them with distilled water, and dry them with filter paper. Then, measure the seedling length and root length after different priming treatments. Take the emergence of white hairs as the germination standard, observe the seeds regularly in the morning and evening, record the number of germinated seeds, and calculate the germination rate.

[0029] Figure 1 The effects of different concentrations of nano-carbon sol on the germination rate of Chinese cabbage seeds under salt stress at different time points were investigated.

[0030] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that, after initiation with 0.5% nano-carbon sol initiation solution, the germination rate of Chinese cabbage seeds increased from 82% to 90% compared with the control group. Furthermore, the germination rate showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nano-carbon sol initiation solution concentration, indicating that nano-carbon sol has the effect of promoting the germination rate of Chinese cabbage at low concentration and inhibiting it at high concentration.

[0031] Example 2: Effects of nano-carbon sol on seedling length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, and antioxidant enzyme content of pakchoi seedlings under salt stress. S1: Preparation of nano-initiator solution: Disperse nano-carbon sol in deionized water to prepare a 0.5wt% concentration nano-carbon sol seed initiation solution.

[0032] S2: Seed treatment: Select 100 small bok choy seeds of uniform size and full grains, rinse with clean water and sift the seeds that sink, disinfect the seeds by soaking them in a 0.5w% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 minutes, rinse the seeds 4 times with deionized water, and air dry at room temperature for later use. S3: Initiation process: Place the seeds in a 50mL centrifuge tube, add 20mL of nano carbon sol initiation solution to submerge the seeds, place the centrifuge tube containing the seeds and initiation solution on a mechanical shaker (150 rpm) in the dark to ensure that the initiation solution is in full contact with the seeds, incubate for 4 hours, pour out the suspension, use absorbent paper to absorb the water, spread evenly on clean absorbent paper, and allow the seeds to dry again at room temperature for 2 hours for subsequent germination tests; S4: The seed treatment process for experiments induced by salt stress includes the following steps; S41: Set up several experimental groups, including a water control group (no salt stress and no priming treatment CK), a priming treatment group (no salt stress but priming treatment CK-NMT), a salt stress group (salt stress but no priming S), and a salt stress + priming treatment group (S-NMT). S5: Seed germination: The induced seeds were cultured using the paper germination method. Seeds were placed in petri dishes lined with two layers of filter paper. During germination culture, 5 mL of 200 mM NaCl solution was added to each dish. For the water control group, 5 mL of distilled water was added. The dishes were placed in a dark incubator for further culture. Liquid was added regularly every day. Germination was recorded as the standard when white sprouts appeared. The number of germinated seeds was counted every 6 hours for 48 hours. The seeds were then cultured in the incubator for another 6 days, with a light time of 16 hours, a dark time of 8 hours, and a temperature of 25℃.

[0033] In this embodiment, the method for determining seed germination indicators is as follows: select several seedlings from each petri dish, wash them with distilled water, and dry them with filter paper. Then, measure the hypocotyl length and root length after different priming treatments. The germination standard is that the hypocotyl length is 1 / 2 of the seed length.

[0034] In this embodiment, the seedling length and root length of Chinese cabbage seedlings were measured as follows: Seven days after sowing, five Chinese cabbage seedlings were selected from each petri dish, washed with distilled water, and dried with filter paper. The seedling length and root length after different initiation treatments were then measured.

[0035] In this embodiment, the physiological and biochemical indicators were determined as follows: physiological indicators were measured using cabbage seedlings on the 7th day of growth. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity were determined using visible spectrophotometry.

[0036] See attached document Figure 2-4It can be seen that, after initiation with 0.5wt% nano-carbon sol, compared with the water control group, the root length increased from 2.67cm to 3.93cm, the seedling length increased from 5.47cm to 6.27cm, the fresh weight increased from 208.93mg to 249.94mg, and the dry weight increased from 66mg to 77.53mg. Compared with the salt stress treatment group, after initiation with 0.5wt% nano-carbon sol, the root length increased from 1.70cm to 2.33cm, the seedling length increased from 3.37cm to 5.03cm, the fresh weight increased from 126.4mg to 189.1mg, and the dry weight increased from 41.4mg to 66.7mg. Initiated by 0.5wt% nano-carbon sol, the antioxidant enzyme activity of pak choi seedlings was enhanced. Under salt stress, CAT activity increased from 149.91 U / g to 236.74 U / g, SOD activity increased from 27.80 U / g to 66.65 U / g, and POD activity increased from 165.0 U / g to 425.4 U / g, thus mitigating the impact of salt damage on pak choi seed germination and seedling growth.

[0037] In summary, the seed initiation method for improving the salt tolerance of pak choi, as described in this invention, significantly improves seed germination rate, seedling length, and root length under salt stress by initiating pak choi seeds with a 0.5 wt% nano-carbon sol solution under constant temperature and darkness for 4 hours, followed by re-drying the seeds. It also increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes in pak choi seedlings and significantly enhances the salt tolerance of pak choi. This method is of great significance for the large-scale promotion of cultivation in saline-alkali soil areas and provides a basis for the application of nano-carbon sol in horticulture, especially vegetable cultivation.

[0038] The present invention has been described in detail above. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced in a wide range of ways with equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from its spirit and scope, and without requiring unnecessary experiments. While specific embodiments have been provided, it should be understood that further modifications can be made to the invention. In summary, according to the principles of the invention, this application is intended to include any changes, uses, or improvements to the invention, including changes made using conventional techniques known in the art that depart from the scope disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for improving the salt stress resistance of vegetable seeds, comprising initiating a specific concentration of nano-carbon sol on small vegetable seeds.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the method, the vegetable seed is a Chinese cabbage seed; The mass concentration of the nano-carbon sol is 0.01%-10%.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the method, the mass concentration of the nano-carbon sol is 0.01-1%, 0.05-0.5%, or 0.1-0.5%.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: 1) Disperse nano-carbon sol in deionized water to obtain an initiation solution; 2) Immerse the sterilized vegetable seeds in the nano-carbon sol initiation solution obtained in step 1) in the dark, pour out the suspension after the initiation is completed, and dry the seeds at room temperature. 3) After step 2), the seeds will germinate after sowing.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 1), the vegetable seeds are bok choy seeds; The nano-carbon sol has a solid content of 1wt%-30wt% for nano-sized carbon and a particle size of 200nm-300nm; the pH of the nano-carbon sol is 6.

0. The mass percentage of the nano-carbon sol in the resulting initiating solution is 0.01%-10%.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 2), the temperature induced by the darkness is 15-25℃, and the time is 1-6 hours; The drying time is 1-2 hours.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step 3), the germination occurs under salt stress.

8. Application of nano-carbon sol in improving the salt stress resistance of vegetable seeds.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The vegetable seeds mentioned are bok choy seeds.

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