Crop seed activity detection device and detection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural machinery detection equipment, and particularly relates to a crop seed activity detection device and method. The crop seed activity detection device comprises a detection box and a cultivation box arranged in the detection box; the cultivation bed is arranged in the cultivation box; the central pipe is movably arranged in the center of the cultivation box; the material homogenizing pipe is mounted on the central pipe; the spraying pipe and the material uniformizing pipe are installed on the central pipe in a staggered state, and the spraying pipe is also located above the cultivation bed; the power mechanism is arranged below the cultivation box and is used for driving the central pipe to lift and axially rotate in the cultivation box; the communicating mechanism is arranged on the central pipe and is used for communicating the material homogenizing pipe with a soil box and a river sand box which are arranged in the detection box and communicating the spraying pipe with a solution box which is arranged in the detection box; according to the scheme, large deviation of a detection result caused by the influence of a river sand or soil germination bed can be reduced, and the detection accuracy and the calculation precision of the germination rate of the crop seeds can be further influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent agricultural machinery testing equipment, and in particular relates to a crop seed activity testing device and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] One existing method for testing the viability of crop seeds is to use intelligent agricultural machinery to test the germination rate. Germination rate is a commonly used indicator for measuring the viability of crop seeds. However, the germination bed conditions required for germination rate testing vary for each variety of crop seeds. For example, filter paper (for rapid germination) or absorbent paper is suitable for most small seeds (such as vegetables, rapeseed, and wheat), clean river sand is suitable for medium-sized seeds (such as corn and soybeans), and soil is only used for special crops (such as peanuts).

[0003] Existing intelligent detection equipment can only detect the germination rate of single-variety crop seeds. For example, when it is necessary to use river sand beds or soil beds to detect the germination rate of crop seeds, operators need to manually spread the river sand or soil on the cultivation bed. This not only pollutes the river sand or soil, but also makes it difficult to control the thickness of the river sand bed or soil bed, which in turn affects the accuracy of the detection of crop seed germination rate and the precision of the calculation, thus affecting the efficiency of crop seed activity detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention relates to a crop seed activity testing device, comprising a testing box and a cultivation box placed inside the testing box; further comprising: a cultivation bed placed inside the cultivation box; a central tube movably positioned at the center of the cultivation box; a uniform distribution tube installed on the central tube and located above the cultivation bed; a spraying pipe installed on the central tube offset from the uniform distribution tube and also located above the cultivation bed; a power mechanism located below the cultivation box, driving the central tube to move up and down and rotate axially within the cultivation box; and a connecting mechanism located on the central tube, connecting the uniform distribution tube to a soil box and a river sand box placed inside the testing box, and connecting the spraying pipe to a solution box placed inside the testing box.

[0006] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes: a protective chamber, located at the bottom of the incubation box; a driving gear, connected to the output shaft of a motor fixed inside the protective chamber; a driven gear, sleeved on the central tube and meshing with the driving gear; a support ring, rotatably located at the bottom of the incubation box and connected to the driven gear via a suspension rod; a key block, located on the central hole wall of the driven gear; a keyway, formed along the height direction of the central tube on the outer wall surface of the central tube, and the keyway mates with the key block; and a bottom support plate, located at the bottom of the central tube and connected to the output rod of an electric push rod fixed inside the protective chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the communication mechanism includes: a guide pipe, movably connected to the top of the central pipe, and connected to the solution tank via a liquid guiding hose; a diversion hose, with its two ends connected to the guide pipe and the spray pipe respectively, and the diversion hose located inside the central pipe; a transfer pipe, movably connected to the bottom of the central pipe; a lifting pipe, connected to the transfer pipe, and the lifting pipe movably passes through the protective chamber and is connected to the soil tank and the river sand tank respectively via two flexible connecting pipes; and a conveying pipe, placed inside the central pipe, with its two ends connected to the transfer pipe and the equalization pipe respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the central pipe has a non-connected notched annular groove at the position of the spray pipe, and the notched annular groove radially penetrates the pipe wall of the central pipe, and the groove opening height is greater than the diameter of the spray pipe; the spray pipe is provided with a limiting fastening component near the central pipe, and the limiting fastening component realizes radial limiting and fastening locking of the spray pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting and fastening assembly includes an inner arc plate placed on the spray pipe and in contact with the inner wall of the central pipe; a wear-resistant ring sleeved on the spray pipe and located in the notched annular groove; a spring element disposed in the notched annular groove, with its two ends connected to the vertical groove bottoms of the wear-resistant ring and the notched annular groove, respectively; an arc-shaped guide rod with its two ends connected to the vertical groove bottoms on both sides of the notched annular groove, and the arc-shaped guide rod movably passing through the spring element, the wear-resistant ring, and the spray pipe; and an outer arc plate placed on the spray pipe and in contact with the outer wall of the central pipe.

[0010] The height of the inner and outer arc plates is greater than the height of the notched annular groove, and the diameter of the arc-shaped guide rod is smaller than the diameter of the spring element and the spray pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the limiting fastening assembly also includes: several blind holes formed on the outer tube wall of the central tube near the notch annular groove; a positioning post movably mounted on the outer arc plate, with its inner end engaging with the blind holes; and an elastic element sleeved on the positioning post located outside the outer arc plate, with its two ends connected to the caps of the outer arc plate and the positioning post, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the cultivation bed is equipped with a bottom plate, and a protective cylinder of elastic material is connected to the bottom plate; a support rotating ring is movably installed on the protective cylinder, and the material distribution pipe and the spraying pipe are both connected to the support rotating ring through fasteners.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper surface of the supporting rotating ring is provided with a non-connected annular guide groove, and the cross-section of the annular guide groove is an inverted "T" shape. An inverted "T" shaped slider is movably installed in the annular guide groove, and the slider is connected to the corresponding fastener on the spray pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a drain pipe is connected to the wall of the cultivation box, and the drain pipe is connected to a collection box installed inside the testing box. A support frame is provided on the material equalization pipe, and a scraper is detachably installed on the support frame.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for detecting the activity of crop seeds, which is applicable to the crop seed activity detection device described above, and the method includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Sample preparation. Randomly select samples from the seed batch to be tested. First, use a sample divider or quartering method to reduce the samples to "test samples".

[0017] S2: Germination bed selection: Based on the seed sample to be tested, lay the required germination bed flat on the cultivation bed of the cultivation box;

[0018] S3: Environmental condition control. Depending on the type of crop seed, the temperature is strictly controlled by constant or variable temperature methods. The relative humidity in the cultivation box is maintained at 90-100%. Light is one of the three key factors.

[0019] S4: Observation and counting. Record the data according to the specified time for crop seeds. The first count mainly counts the uniformity of germination, and the last count determines the final germination rate.

[0020] S5: Result Calculation. Based on the germination rate calculation formula, the germination rate of the seed sample is calculated, and the activity of the crop seed sample is then detected.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This solution cleverly installs a material distribution pipe and a spraying pipe that can rotate and rise simultaneously inside the cultivation box. The material distribution pipe can evenly spread river sand or soil into layers on the cultivation bed, which not only allows for precise control of the thickness of the germination bed, but also allows for precise water spraying in layers while the river sand or soil is being evenly spread. This enables precise control of the humidity of the germination bed and reduces the influence of river sand or soil on the germination bed, which could cause significant deviations in the test results and affect the accuracy of the detection and calculation of the germination rate of crop seeds.

[0023] 2. This solution cleverly incorporates a limiting and locking component on the spray pipe, allowing it to slide and adjust circumferentially within the notch groove. This component not only provides axial and radial limiting for the sliding spray pipe, preventing it from detaching from the central pipe during adjustment along the notch groove, but also locks the adjusted pipe in place, preventing it from shaking or resetting when the central pipe rotates. This facilitates accurate adjustment of the spray pipe's position, enabling it to work in conjunction with the material distribution pipe to precisely and layeredly spray water onto the flat cultivation bed for wetting.

[0024] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional perspective view of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the incubation box according to the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the meshing state of the driving gear and the driven gear according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the incubation box according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the protective cylinder, the material distribution pipe, and the spraying pipe according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0032] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the assembly of the spring element and the notched annular groove according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the central tube according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0034] In the picture: 1. Testing box;

[0035] 2. Incubation box; 21. Incubation bed; 22. Drainage pipe;

[0036] 3. Central pipe; 31. Distribution pipe; 32. Spraying pipe; 33. Notched annular groove; 34. Support frame; 35. Scraper;

[0037] 4. Power mechanism; 41. Protective chamber; 42. Drive gear; 43. Driven gear; 44. Support ring; 45. Key block; 46. Keyway; 47. Bottom support plate; 48. Electric push rod;

[0038] 5. Connecting mechanism; 51. Guide pipe; 52. Liquid guiding hose; 53. Diversion hose; 54. Transfer pipe; 55. Lifting pipe; 56. Flexible connecting pipe; 57. Delivery pipe; 58. Soil tank; 59. River sand tank;

[0039] 6. Limiting and fastening assembly; 61. Inner arc plate; 62. Wear-resistant ring; 63. Spring element; 64. Arc-shaped guide rod; 65. Outer arc plate; 66. Blind hole; 67. Positioning post; 68. Elastic element;

[0040] 7. Bottom plate; 71. Protective cylinder; 72. Support swivel ring; 73. Fastener; 74. Annular guide groove; 75. Slider. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-8As shown, the present invention is a crop seed activity detection device, including a detection box 1 and a cultivation box 2 placed inside the detection box 1; it also includes: a cultivation bed 21 placed inside the cultivation box 2; a central tube 3 movably placed at the center of the cultivation box 2; a uniform distribution tube 31 installed on the central tube 3 and located above the cultivation bed 21; a spraying tube 32 installed on the central tube 3 in a staggered state from the uniform distribution tube 31 and also located above the cultivation bed 21; a power mechanism 4 located below the cultivation box 2, driving the central tube 3 to move up and down and rotate axially within the cultivation box 2; and a connecting mechanism 5 located on the central tube 3, connecting the uniform distribution tube 31 to a soil box 58 and a river sand box 59 placed inside the detection box 1, and connecting the spraying tube 32 to a solution box placed inside the detection box 1.

[0044] The cultivation box 2 has a drain pipe 22 connected to the upper surface of the cultivation bed 21 on the box wall, and the drain pipe 22 is connected to the collection box installed in the detection box 1. The material equalization pipe 31 is provided with a support frame 34, and a scraper 35 is detachably installed on the support frame 34 by bolts, and the scraper 35 is located on the rear side of the rotation direction of the material equalization pipe 31.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil box 58 is filled with sterilized garden soil suitable for cultivating crop seeds to germinate, the river sand box 59 is filled with river sand that has been sieved to remove impurities and sterilized at high temperature, and the solution box is filled with water or fertilizer solution. The soil box 58, the river sand box 59 and the solution box are all installed in a detachable manner at the bottom of the large detection box 1. The detection box 1 is equipped with a hygrometer, a light, and a high-definition camera (not shown in the figure). The detection box 1 and the cultivation box 2 have corresponding observation windows. The installation positions and installation methods of the above-mentioned components are all existing designs and will not be described in detail here.

[0046] When it is necessary to use intelligent detection equipment to detect the germination rate of crop seeds, the treated river sand and soil are first placed into the river sand box 59 and the soil box 58 respectively, and drip irrigation water is injected into the solution box. Then, the three are installed in the designated positions inside the detection box 1. The river sand box 59 and the soil box 58 are connected to the material distribution pipe 31 through the connecting mechanism 5, and the solution box is also connected to the spraying pipe 32 through the connecting mechanism 5.

[0047] When germination rate testing of medium-sized seeds is required using a river sand bed, the operator can open the electronic valve and pump connected to the river sand box 59 via the PLC control system or control panel of the testing device. The river sand in the box 59 will be continuously transported to the equalization pipe 31 through the connecting mechanism 5, and then scattered onto the cultivation bed 21 through several orifices on the downward-facing wall of the equalization pipe 31. The power mechanism 4 drives the central pipe 3 to rotate 360° within the cultivation box 2, and then rise a short distance, allowing the equalization pipe 31 to rotate in a circular motion, evenly spraying the river sand onto the cultivation bed 21. During the even spraying, the scraper 35 mounted on the back can scrape and spread the sprayed river sand evenly. When a layer of river sand is evenly spread on the cultivation bed 21, the synchronously rotating spray pipe 32 will spray aqueous solution or fertilizer... The sand is sprayed onto the flat river sand using a drip or atomization method, achieving simultaneous spreading and moistening of the sand bed. This allows for better control of the sand bed's humidity. The rising of the central pipe 3 drives the uniform distribution pipe 31 and the spray pipe 32 to rise synchronously, ensuring that the sand is evenly spread in layers onto the cultivation bed 21. The seeds to be tested are then sown into the sand bed for activity testing. During the operation of the testing device, the operator can observe the germination rate of the seeds in the testing box 1 in real time using components such as a hygrometer, a high-definition camera, etc., and determine whether water needs to be added. If water needs to be added, drip irrigation water can be injected into the spray pipe 32, allowing the spray pipe 32 to rotate around the sand bed and evenly spray the drip irrigation water onto the sand bed, achieving regular watering treatment of the sand bed (keeping it moist but not waterlogged to prevent oxygen deficiency and seed rot).

[0048] When the testing device reaches the predetermined time and the tested crop seeds need to be removed, first open the door of the testing box 1, take out the tested seeds from the river sand bed and collect them for storage, then turn on the sewage pump connected to the sewage pipe 22. The used river sand in the cultivation box will be pumped out through the sewage pipe 22. At this time, the central pipe 3 can also be rotated and lowered. The scraper 35 on the equalization pipe 31 will scrape the river sand in other positions on the cultivation bed 21 to the sewage pipe 22. The spray pipe 32 can continuously spray water onto the cultivation bed 21 to wash away the residual river sand on the cultivation bed 21 and prevent the used river sand from remaining on the cultivation bed and affecting the germination rate test of the next batch of crop seeds.

[0049] If the previous cultivation bed 21 was covered with river sand, and the next time soil needs to be laid on the cultivation bed for germination rate testing of special crop seeds, after cleaning the previous cultivation bed 21 until the river sand is almost completely discharged, the electronic valve connected to the soil tank 58 can be opened and the electronic valve connected to the river sand tank 59 can be closed. Then, the pump connected to the soil tank 58 can be started, so that a small amount of soil in the soil tank 58 will be transported to the equalization pipe 31 through the connecting mechanism 5, and then sprayed onto the cultivation bed 21 through the orifice. The small amount of sprayed soil will discharge the river sand remaining in the equalization pipe 31 and the connecting mechanism 5. Then, when the previous cultivation bed 21 is cleaned and a soil bed needs to be laid on the cultivation bed 21 for germination rate testing of special crop seeds, the control system repeats the action of laying the river sand, so that the soil stored in the soil tank 58 is evenly spread onto the cultivation bed 21 through the connecting mechanism 5 and the rotating and rising equalization pipe 31, so as to realize the germination rate testing of special crop seeds.

[0050] If filter paper is used as the germination bed, first raise the uniform material pipe 31 and the spray pipe 32 to the highest position, then lay a fan-shaped filter paper of a certain thickness on the cultivation bed 21 in a way that connects end to end, so as to form a filter paper bed. Then, through the rotating central pipe 3, the spray pipe 32 can be rotated to spray water to moisten the filter paper bed.

[0051] This solution cleverly incorporates a material distribution pipe 31 and a spraying pipe 32 that can rotate and rise simultaneously within the cultivation box 2. The material distribution pipe 31 can evenly spread river sand or soil in layers onto the cultivation bed 21, which not only allows for precise control of the germination bed thickness, but also enables precise water spraying in layers while the river sand or soil is being evenly spread. This allows for precise control of the humidity of the germination bed, reducing the impact of river sand or soil on the germination bed and minimizing significant deviations in test results, which in turn affects the accuracy of crop seed germination rate detection and calculation.

[0052] See Figures 2-4 As shown, the power mechanism 4 includes: a protective chamber 41, placed at the bottom of the incubation box 2; a driving gear 42, connected to the output shaft of a motor fixed inside the protective chamber 41; a driven gear 43, sleeved on the central tube 3, and meshing with the driving gear 42; a support ring 44, rotatably placed at the bottom of the incubation box 2, and connected to the driven gear 43 via a suspension rod; a key block 45, placed on the central hole wall of the driven gear 43; a keyway 46, formed along the height direction of the central tube 3 on the outer wall surface of the central tube 3, and the keyway 46 cooperates with the key block 45; and a bottom support plate 47, placed at the bottom of the central tube 3, and connected to the output rod of an electric push rod 48 fixed inside the protective chamber 41.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the protective chamber 41 is fixed to the bottom of the incubation box 2 by welding or bolting, and the suspension rod is connected to the support ring 44 and the driven gear 43 in a circumferential array of at least four, so as to suspend and fix the driven gear 43. The number of key blocks 45 and keyways 46 is at least two sets, and they are arranged in a circumferential array. The bottom support plate 47 is rotatably connected to the central tube 3 by bearings. The electric push rod 48 is vertically fixed to the bottom of the protective chamber 41, and the electric push rod 48 and the motor are staggered.

[0054] The control panel or PLC control system controls the motor to work. The meshing of the drive gear 42 and the driven gear 43, and the cooperation of the key block 45 and the keyway 46, enable the central tube 3 to rotate inside the cultivation box 2, allowing the material distribution pipe 31 and the spray pipe 32 to rotate 360°. The output rod of the electric push rod 48 extends and can drive the central tube 3 to rise along the height space of the cultivation box 2 through the bottom support plate 47, so that the material distribution pipe 31 and the spray pipe 32 can rotate and rise in sections, thereby evenly spreading river sand or soil in layers on the cultivation bed 21, achieving precise control of the thickness and humidity of the crop germination bed. When the conveying rod of the electric push rod 48 retracts, it can drive the central tube 3 to descend, and the scraper 35 installed on the material distribution pipe 31 can scrape the used river sand or soil to the sewage pipe 22 for cleaning the cultivation box 2 and the cultivation bed 21.

[0055] The control of the segmented rising height of the material distribution pipe 31 and the spraying pipe 32 can be continuously adjusted and refined before the device leaves the factory; the preferred adjustment data are as follows.

[0056] For example, if the required thickness of the river sand bed is 2-3cm, the first layer of river sand can be laid flat with a thickness of 0.7-1.0cm. Then, the output rod of the electric push rod 48 is extended a certain distance, causing the central tube 3 to rise 0.4-0.6cm. This means that the distance between the lowest point of the uniform material tube 31 and the first layer of river sand is about 0.4-0.6cm. Then, the uniform material tube 31 rotates the river sand 360° again and lays it flat on the bottom layer of river sand. At this time, the spraying pipe 32 can adjust the amount of water sprayed according to the humidity of the flat river sand. The above steps are repeated so that the river sand sprayed by the uniform material tube 31 can reach a thickness of 2-3cm on the cultivation bed. Then, the operator can sow the seeds to be tested into the sand bed.

[0057] See Figures 2-8As shown, the communication mechanism 5 includes: a guide pipe 51, which is movably connected to the top of the central pipe 3 and is connected to the solution tank through a liquid guiding hose 52; a diversion hose 53, whose two ends are connected to the guide pipe 51 and the spray pipe 32 respectively, and the diversion hose 53 is located inside the central pipe 3; a transfer pipe 54, which is movably connected to the bottom of the central pipe 3; a lifting pipe 55, which is connected to the transfer pipe 54 and is movably passed through the protective chamber 41 and connected to the soil tank 58 and the river sand tank 59 respectively through two flexible connecting pipes 56; and a conveying pipe 57, which is placed inside the central pipe 3 and whose two ends are connected to the transfer pipe 54 and the material equalization pipe 31 respectively.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner diameter of the equalization pipe 31 is larger than the inner diameter of the spray pipe 32, so that the river sand or soil will not cause blockage in the equalization pipe 31. The diameter of the diversion hose 53 is smaller than the diameter of the delivery pipe 57, so that when the diversion hose 53 is connected to the spray pipe 32, it will not interfere with the delivery pipe 57 connected to the equalization pipe 31. Solenoid valves are installed on both flexible connecting pipes 56.

[0059] Therefore, when the central tube 3 rotates, the guide tube 51 will be in a relatively fixed state and connected to the liquid guiding hose 52, while the diversion hose 53 is rotatably connected to the bottom opening of the guide tube 51. This not only allows the water source in the solution tank to accurately enter the spray pipe 32 through the liquid guiding hose 52, the guide tube 51 and the diversion hose 53, but also prevents the liquid guiding hose 52 from twisting or deforming when the central tube 3 rotates. The descent of the central tube 3 will cause the liquid guiding hose 52 to stretch and descend synchronously. Similarly, when the central tube 3 rotates, the transfer pipe 54 will be in a relatively fixed state, and the soil / river sand in the soil tank 58 or the river sand tank 59 will enter the lifting pipe 55 through the flexible connecting pipe 56, and then enter the uniform spraying pipe 31 through the transfer pipe 54 and the conveying pipe 57. The lifting and lowering of the central tube 3 can drive the movable and intersecting lifting pipe 55 to rise synchronously through the transfer pipe 54, while the coiled flexible connecting pipe 56 will extend or retract.

[0060] See Figures 5-8 As shown, the central pipe 3 has a non-connecting notched annular groove 33 at the position of the spray pipe 32, and the notched annular groove 33 radially penetrates the pipe wall of the central pipe 3, and the groove opening height of the notched annular groove 33 is larger than the diameter of the spray pipe 32; the spray pipe 32 is provided with a limiting fastening component 6 near the central pipe 3, and the limiting fastening component 6 realizes radial limiting and fastening locking of the spray pipe 32;

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure that the layered river sand or soil is fully moistened without water accumulation, the position of the spray pipe 32 can be adjusted so that the spray pipe 32 is located in front of or behind the rotating side of the material distribution pipe 31.

[0062] For example, when it is necessary to form a river sand bed on the cultivation bed 21, since river sand has a certain degree of hydrophobicity and air permeability, the spray pipe 32 can be adjusted to the rear side of the rotation direction of the uniform material pipe 31, so that the uniform material pipe 31 sprays the river sand first and then scrapes it evenly onto the cultivation bed 21 through the scraper 35. Then, water is evenly sprayed onto the flattened river sand surface through the rear spray pipe 32. This allows the river sand to be laid first and then water to be sprayed when a river sand bed is formed on the cultivation bed 21. The newly laid river sand can be pressed onto the already laid river sand layer by the sprayed water. This not only prevents the flattened river sand layer from stratifying, but also prevents water accumulation due to excessive water sprayed on the river sand bed, thus saving water resources.

[0063] When a soil bed needs to be formed on the cultivation bed 21, due to the compactness of the soil, the spray pipe 32 can be adjusted to the front of the rotation direction of the distribution pipe 31, so that the water sprayed from the spray pipe 32 can first spray onto the cultivation bed 21 to moisten it. Then, the soil is evenly sprayed and spread on the moistened cultivation bed 21 through the distribution pipe 31. Spraying water on the already spread soil layer can act as an "adhesive", bonding the second layer of soil with the lower layer of soil. This not only ensures that the spread soil is fully moistened, preventing insufficient moisture from affecting the germination success rate of special crops, but also prevents the sand layer from separating.

[0064] The specific adjustment method of the spray pipe 32 is as follows: Since the vertical groove walls at both ends of the notched annular groove 33 are located on both sides of the material distribution pipe 31, when the spray pipe 32 needs to be rotated to the rear side of the material distribution pipe 31, the limiting and locking component 6 is first disengaged from the limiting and locking of the spray pipe 32, and then the spray pipe 32 is rotated counterclockwise so that it rotates along the axial direction of the notched annular groove 33 to the rear side of the material distribution pipe 31. Then the limiting and locking component 6 is used to limit and lock the adjusted spray pipe 32, which facilitates the first spreading of river sand and then spraying water for wetting. When the spray pipe 32 needs to be rotated to the front side of the material distribution pipe 31, the above operation method is used. The spray pipe 32 is rotated clockwise to the front side of the material distribution pipe 31, and then the limiting and locking component 6 is used to limit and lock the adjusted spray pipe 32, which facilitates the first spraying of water for wetting and then spreading of soil.

[0065] See Figures 5-8As shown, the limiting fastening assembly 6 includes: an inner arc plate 61, placed on the spray pipe 32 and in contact with the inner wall of the central pipe 3; a wear-resistant ring 62, sleeved on the spray pipe 32 and located in the notched annular groove 33; a spring element 63, arranged in the notched annular groove 33, with its two ends connected to the wear-resistant ring 62 and the vertical groove bottom of the notched annular groove 33 respectively; an arc-shaped guide rod 64, with its two ends connected to the vertical groove bottoms on both sides of the notched annular groove 33 respectively, and the arc-shaped guide rod 64 movably passing through the spring element 63, the wear-resistant ring 62 and the spray pipe 32; and an outer arc plate 65, placed on the spray pipe 32 and in contact with the outer wall of the central pipe 3.

[0066] The height dimensions of the inner arc plate 61 and the outer arc plate 65 are both greater than the groove height dimension of the notched annular groove 33, and the diameter of the arc-shaped guide rod 64 is smaller than the diameter of the elastic element 68 and the spray pipe 32.

[0067] It should be noted that: there are preferably two spring elements 63, and the two ends of each spring element 63 are respectively connected to the vertical groove wall of the notched ring groove 33 of the wear-resistant ring 62. The radial thickness of the wear-resistant ring 62 is less than the radial width of the notched ring groove 33, and the outer ring surface of the wear-resistant ring 62 is in contact with the upper and lower groove walls of the notched ring groove 33. Since the diameter of the arc-shaped guide rod 64 is small and it is relatively sealed when inserted into the movable spray pipe 32, it will not interfere with the normal rotation of the spray pipe 32, and will not affect the water source entering the spray pipe 32.

[0068] When the spray pipe 32 needs to rotate circumferentially on the central pipe 3 to the front or rear of the material distribution pipe 31, some parts of the limiting fastening assembly 6 are disengaged from the central pipe 3, allowing the spray pipe 32 to move freely within the central pipe 3. Then, the spray pipe 32 is moved to rotate counterclockwise / clockwise within the notched annular groove 33 via the rolling ring. The inner arc plate 61 and outer arc plate 65, located on the inner and outer walls of the central pipe 3, radially limit the rotating spray pipe 32, preventing it from disengaging from the notched annular groove 33 during rotation. The spring element 63 pushes and resets the moving spray pipe 32. For example, when the spray pipe 32 rotates clockwise, the spring element 63 located on the wear-resistant ring 62 in the clockwise direction is compressed, while the other side rotates counterclockwise... The directional spring element 63 will be stretched, and the arc-shaped guide rod 64 can not only limit the sliding spray pipe 32 again, but also limit the compression of the compressed spring element 63, preventing the spring element 63 from bulging or sinking and shifting in the notch ring groove 33 due to compression. Similarly, it prevents the stretched spring element 63 from shifting on the other side of the wear-resistant ring 62, which would affect the normal reset and sliding of the spray pipe 32. After the spray pipe 32 is adjusted to the appropriate position, the other parts of the limiting fastening assembly 6 can limit and lock the adjusted spray pipe 32, which makes it easy to accurately adjust the position of the spray pipe 32 so that it can cooperate with the material equalization pipe 31 to accurately spray water to wet the layered and flat cultivation bed 21.

[0069] When the spray pipe 32 rotates on the central pipe 3, since the spray pipe 32 is rotatably connected to the guide pipe 51 through the diversion hose 53 and the diameter of the diversion hose 53 is much smaller than the diameter of the delivery pipe 57, the spray pipe 32 will not be unable to adjust its position normally due to the interference of the diversion hose 53 or the delivery pipe 57 when it rotates.

[0070] See Figures 5-8 As shown, the limiting fastening assembly 6 further includes: blind holes 66, a plurality of which are formed on the outer wall of the central tube 3 near the notch annular groove 33; positioning posts 67, which are movably mounted on the outer arc plate 65 and whose inner ends are inserted into the blind holes 66; and elastic elements 68, which are sleeved on the positioning posts 67 located outside the outer arc plate 65 and whose two ends are respectively connected to the caps of the outer arc plate 65 and the positioning posts 67.

[0071] It should be noted that several blind holes 66 are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the central tube 3, near the opening of the notch annular groove 33. The elastic element 68 is a spring. When the spray pipe 32 needs to rotate, the cap of the positioning post 67 is pulled, and the elastic element 68 is stretched, causing the inner end of the positioning post 67 to disengage from the blind hole 66. Then, the spray pipe 32 is moved so that it can be adjusted in position within the notch annular groove 33. After the spray pipe 32 is adjusted and the positioning post 67 is aligned with the blind hole 66, the cap is released, allowing the positioning post 67 to... When the elastic element 68 is in the reset state, the positioning pin 67 is pulled and inserted into the blind hole 66 to achieve axial limiting and locking of the adjusted spray pipe 32, preventing the spray pipe 32 from shaking or resetting when the central tube 3 is rotated. When the cap is pulled again to disengage the positioning pin 67 from the blind hole 66, the spring element 63, which is compressed and stretched respectively, will push the wear ring 62 to slide in the notched ring groove 33, so that the spray pipe 32 moves in the opposite circumferential direction on the central tube 3, thereby facilitating the readjustment of the position of the spray pipe 32 on the central tube 3.

[0072] This solution cleverly incorporates a limiting and fastening component 6 on the spray pipe 32, allowing the spray pipe 32 to slide and adjust circumferentially within the notched annular groove 33. The limiting and fastening component 6 not only provides axial and radial limiting for the sliding spray pipe 32, preventing it from detaching from the central pipe 3 during adjustment along the notched annular groove 33, but also locks the adjusted spray pipe 32 in place, preventing it from shaking or resetting when the central pipe 3 rotates. This facilitates accurate adjustment of the spray pipe 32's position, enabling it to work in conjunction with the material distribution pipe 31 to accurately spray water onto the layered cultivation bed 21.

[0073] See Figure 6 As shown, a bottom plate 7 is installed on the cultivation bed 21, and a protective cylinder 71 of elastic material is connected to the bottom plate 7; a support rotating ring 72 is movably installed on the protective cylinder 71, and the material distribution pipe 31 and the spraying pipe 32 are both connected to the support rotating ring 72 through fasteners 73;

[0074] As a preferred embodiment of this solution, in order to prevent the evenly spread river sand or soil from contacting the wall of the central tube 3 and affecting the normal lifting and rotation of the central tube 3 within the cultivation box 2, this solution uses a protective cylinder 71 made of stretchable elastic material and a supporting rotating ring 72. When the distribution pipe 31 evenly spreads the river sand or soil onto the cultivation bed 21, the protective cylinder 71 and the bottom plate 7 can block the spread river sand or soil, preventing it from entering the gap between the central tube 3 and the cultivation bed 21. When the distribution pipe 31 rises or falls, it will simultaneously drive the protective cylinder 71 to extend or compress through the supporting rotating ring 72, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the height of the protective cylinder 71 to accommodate river sand beds or soil beds of different thicknesses. When the distribution pipe 31 and the spray pipe 32 rotate, since the supporting rotating ring 72 and the protective cylinder 71 are relatively rotatably connected, the setting of the protective cylinder 71 will not interfere with the normal rotation operation of the distribution pipe 31 and the spray pipe 32.

[0075] See Figure 6 As shown, the upper surface of the support ring 72 is provided with a non-connected annular guide groove 74, and the cross-section of the annular guide groove 74 is an inverted "T" shaped structure. An inverted "T" shaped slider 75 is movably installed in the annular guide groove 74, and the slider 75 is connected to the corresponding fastener 73 on the spray pipe 32.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment of this solution, since the spray pipe 32 can be adjusted circumferentially on the central pipe 3, the cooperation between the annular guide groove 74 and the inverted "T"-shaped slider 75 allows the fastener 73 to drive the inverted "T"-shaped slider 75 to slide within the annular guide groove 74 when the spray pipe 32 is being adjusted. This enables the spray pipe 32, which is connected to the support rotating ring 72 via the fastener 73, to be accurately adjusted in position. The spray pipe 32 will not be unable to be adjusted in position due to the fastener 73 corresponding to the spray pipe 32 being fixedly connected to the support rotating ring 72.

[0077] This invention also provides a method for detecting the activity of crop seeds. This method is applicable to the crop seed activity detection device described above, and includes the following steps: Taking medium-sized seeds (such as corn and soybeans) as an example:

[0078] S1: Sample preparation. Randomly select samples from the medium-grain seed batch to be tested (according to the principles of "random, stratified, and equal quantity"). First, use a sample divider (such as a bell-shaped sample divider) or the quartering method to reduce the sample to the "test sample".

[0079] S2: Germination Bed Selection. Based on the test sample of medium-sized seeds to be tested, the operator can open the electronic valve and pump connected to the river sand box 59 through the PLC control system or control panel of the testing device. The river sand in the river sand box 59 will be continuously transported to the uniform distribution pipe 31 through the connecting mechanism 5, and then scattered onto the cultivation bed 21 through several holes opened on the downward-facing pipe wall of the uniform distribution pipe 31. The setting of the power mechanism 4 can drive the central pipe 3 to rotate 360° in the cultivation box 2 first, and then rise a short distance, so that the uniform distribution pipe 31 can rotate in a circular state to evenly spray the river sand onto the cultivation bed 21. During uniform spraying, the scraper 35 installed on the back can scrape and spread the sprayed river sand evenly. When the river sand is spread evenly on the cultivation bed 21, the synchronously rotating spray pipe 32 will spray the aqueous solution or fertilizer onto the spread river sand in the form of drops or atomization, so as to achieve the same leveling and moistening treatment, which can better control the humidity of the spread river sand bed. The rise of the central pipe 3 can drive the uniform material pipe 31 and the spray pipe 32 to rise synchronously, so that the river sand is evenly spread in layers on the cultivation bed 21 to form a river sand bed. Then the test sample to be tested is sown into the sand bed, and then covered with 0.5-1cm thick sand (small seeds can be half buried).

[0080] S3: Environmental condition control. Depending on the type of crop seed, strictly control the temperature using constant or variable temperature methods. (For variable temperature crops, alternate between "high temperature 8h + low temperature 16h", such as soybeans 20℃ 16h + 30℃ 8h). Maintain the relative humidity in the incubation box at 90-100%. The sand bed needs to be sprayed with water regularly (keep it moist but not waterlogged to prevent oxygen deficiency and seed rot). Light is one of the three key factors.

[0081] S4: Observation and counting. Record the data according to the specified time for crop seeds. The first count mainly counts the uniformity of germination, and the last count determines the final germination rate.

[0082] Criteria for judging "normal germination": After seed germination, the radicle, plumule, and other structures develop normally (excluding deformed or rotten individuals):

[0083] Legumes (soybeans): Radicle ≥ 5mm, cotyledons expanded or retained, no rot;

[0084] Record abnormal seeds: Record rotten or deformed seeds (such as those without radicles or with necrotic plumules) separately and do not count them in the germination count;

[0085] S5: Result calculation. According to the germination rate calculation formula, germination rate (%) = (sum of the number of normally germinated seeds in each replicate ÷ total number of tested seeds) × 100, the germination rate of the seed sample is calculated, and the activity of the crop seed sample is then detected.

[0086] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0087] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A crop seed activity detection device, comprising a detection box and a cultivation box placed inside the detection box; characterized in that, Also includes: The culture bed is placed inside the culture box; The central tube is placed in the center of the incubation box; The feed distribution tube is installed on the central tube and is located above the cultivation bed; The spray pipe is installed on the central pipe in a staggered manner from the material distribution pipe, and the spray pipe is also located above the cultivation bed; The power mechanism, located below the culture box, drives the central tube to move up and down and rotate axially within the culture box; The connecting mechanism, located on the central tube, connects the material distribution pipe to the soil tank and river sand tank placed inside the testing chamber, and connects the spraying pipe to the solution tank placed inside the testing chamber.

2. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes: A protective chamber is placed at the bottom of the incubation box; The drive gear is connected to the output shaft of a motor fixed inside the protective chamber; The driven gear is sleeved on the central tube and meshes with the driving gear; The support ring is rotatably positioned at the bottom of the incubation box and is connected to the driven gear via a suspension rod; The key block is placed on the wall of the center hole of the driven gear; A keyway is formed on the outer wall surface of the central tube along the height direction of the central tube, and the keyway mates with the key block; And the bottom support plate, placed at the bottom of the central tube, is connected to the output rod of the electric push rod fixed inside the protective chamber.

3. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication mechanism includes: The guide tube is movably connected to the top of the central tube, and it is connected to the solution tank through a liquid guiding hose; The diversion hose has two ends connected to the guide pipe and the spray pipe respectively, and the diversion hose is located inside the central pipe; The adapter pipe is movably connected to the bottom of the central pipe; The riser pipe is connected to the transfer pipe, and the riser pipe moves through the protective chamber and is connected to the soil box and the river sand box through two flexible connecting pipes respectively; And the conveying pipe, which is placed inside the central pipe, with its two ends connected to the transfer pipe and the equalization pipe, respectively.

4. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The central pipe has a non-connected notched annular groove at the position of the spray pipe, and the notched annular groove radially penetrates the pipe wall of the central pipe, and the groove opening height dimension is larger than the diameter of the spray pipe. The spray pipe is provided with a limiting fastening component near the center pipe, which enables radial limiting and locking of the spray pipe.

5. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The limiting fastening component includes: An inner arc plate is placed on the spray pipe and is in contact with the inner wall of the central pipe. The wear-resistant ring is fitted onto the spray pipe and is located in the notched annular groove; The spring element is arranged in the notched annular groove, and its two ends are respectively connected to the wear-resistant ring and the bottom of the notched annular groove; The arc-shaped guide rod is connected at both ends to the vertical bottom of the notched annular groove on both sides, and the arc-shaped guide rod moves through the spring element, the wear-resistant ring and the spray pipe. And an outer arc plate, placed on the spray pipe, and in contact with the outer wall of the central pipe; The height of the inner and outer arc plates is greater than the height of the notched annular groove, and the diameter of the arc-shaped guide rod is smaller than the diameter of the spring element and the spray pipe.

6. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting fastening component also includes: Blind holes, several of which are opened on the outer wall of the central tube near the notched annular groove; The positioning post is movably mounted on the outer arc plate, and its inner end is inserted into the blind hole. And an elastic element, which is sleeved on a positioning post located outside the outer arc plate, with its two ends connected to the caps of the outer arc plate and the positioning post, respectively.

7. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cultivation bed is equipped with a bottom plate, and a protective cylinder of elastic material is connected to the bottom plate; a support rotating ring is movably installed on the protective cylinder, and the material distribution pipe and the spraying pipe are both connected to the support rotating ring through fasteners.

8. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper surface of the support ring is provided with a non-connected annular guide groove, and the cross-section of the annular guide groove is an inverted "T" shape. An inverted "T" shaped slider is movably installed in the annular guide groove, and the slider is connected to the corresponding fastener on the spray pipe.

9. The crop seed activity detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incubation box has a drain pipe connected to its wall, and the drain pipe is connected to a collection box installed inside the testing box. The material equalization pipe is equipped with a support frame, and a scraper is detachably installed on the support frame.

10. A method for detecting the activity of crop seeds, the method being applicable to the crop seed activity detection device described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Sample preparation. Randomly select samples from the seed batch to be tested. First, use a sample divider or quartering method to reduce the samples to "test samples". S2: Germination bed selection: Based on the seed sample to be tested, lay the required germination bed flat on the cultivation bed of the cultivation box; S3: Environmental condition control. Depending on the type of crop seed, the temperature is strictly controlled by constant or variable temperature methods. The relative humidity in the cultivation box is maintained at 90-100%. Light is one of the three key factors. S4: Observation and counting. Record the data according to the specified time for crop seeds. The first count mainly counts the uniformity of germination, and the last count determines the final germination rate. S5: Result Calculation. Based on the germination rate calculation formula, the germination rate of the seed sample is calculated, and the activity of the crop seed sample is then detected.

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