Quantitative corn planting and fertilizing device
By designing a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device that integrates screening, tillage, and fertilization, the problems of low efficiency and insufficient precision in corn planting and fertilization have been solved. This has enabled efficient and precise planting operations, improved seedling emergence rate and soil quality, and reduced costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511162291.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-14
AI Technical Summary
In current corn planting, the sowing and fertilization processes are inefficient and lack precision, resulting in uneven emergence, large differences in growth, and problems such as fertilizer waste, soil compaction, and non-point source pollution. Insufficient seed screening leads to low emergence rates, rapid equipment wear and tear, and high risk of pests and diseases.
Design a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device that includes a screening component, a tillage component, a sowing component, and a fertilization component. The screening component removes shriveled grains and impurities, the tillage component breaks up soil compaction, the sowing component sows seeds precisely, and the fertilization component applies fertilizer quantitatively, thus realizing the integrated operation of seed screening, sowing, and fertilization.
It improves seedling emergence rate and seedling vigor, reduces missing seedlings and gaps in rows, enhances fertilizer utilization, extends equipment life, reduces labor and maintenance costs, promotes soil aeration and root growth, and achieves efficient and precise planting operations.
Smart Images
Figure CN120937588A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of corn planting technology, specifically to a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device. Background Technology
[0002] In traditional corn planting methods, sowing and fertilization have long relied on manual or semi-mechanized operations, resulting in low efficiency and insufficient precision. Manual sowing and fertilization are not only labor-intensive, but also make it difficult to ensure uniform plant spacing and consistent fertilization, leading to uneven emergence and significant differences in growth, which seriously affects yield. Existing semi-mechanized equipment is mostly designed for a single function, requiring sowing and fertilization to be carried out in separate steps, resulting in a long operation cycle. Traditional fertilization devices often use a fixed discharge structure, which cannot dynamically adjust the amount of fertilizer according to soil fertility and corn variety characteristics, easily causing fertilizer waste or localized deficiencies. This increases planting costs and also causes environmental problems such as soil compaction and non-point source pollution.
[0003] Before sowing, unscreened seeds contain shriveled, broken, insect-damaged, and other impurities, directly leading to a significant decrease in germination rate, frequent gaps in rows, and the need for manual replanting, increasing labor costs. Furthermore, uneven seed size causes problems with seed metering equipment; small seeds are easily missed, while large seeds can clog the metering device, severely affecting plant spacing uniformity and disrupting the field plant structure. Additionally, the large differences in seed plumpness among unscreened seeds result in uneven germination times, creating a "large seedlings bullying small seedlings" growth pattern, leading to poor ventilation and light penetration, and reducing overall yield. Moreover, sowing diseased seeds without removing them increases the risk of disease and pest transmission during the seedling stage, increasing pesticide use. The impurities also accelerate wear and tear on the sowing mechanism, shortening equipment lifespan and increasing maintenance costs, making it difficult to meet the precision and efficiency requirements of large-scale planting. Therefore, we propose a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device, comprising a base, universal wheels disposed at the bottom of the base, and a handle disposed on the base, and further comprising: A screening assembly includes a screening box disposed on the top of a base, a sliding plate disposed on the screening box, a push plate connected to the sliding plate, a connecting rope connected to the top of the sliding plate, a limit plate connected to the top of the screening box, the connecting rope slidably connected to the limit plate, and a limit ball connected to the connecting rope. The discharge assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to a screening box, an opening and closing plate connected to the rotating shaft, and a spring piece connected between the opening and closing plate and the screening box.
[0006] Furthermore, a tillage assembly is provided on the top of the base. The tillage assembly includes a bracket mounted on the base, a rotating roller rotatably connected to the bracket, a harrow connected to the rotating roller, a housing on the bracket, a motor inside the housing, the rotating roller connected to the output end of the motor, an extension plate connected to the bracket, and an electric push rod on the top of the base. The output end of the electric push rod is connected to the extension plate.
[0007] The above technical solution involves setting up a tillage component to till the land before sowing. The electric push rod design allows for adjustment of the harrow height. When tillage is not required, the harrow can be retracted to prevent obstruction of transportation. Through deep tillage and soil breaking operations, the soil compaction layer is broken up, increasing the tillage layer depth to 20-30cm, improving soil aeration and water and fertilizer retention capacity, promoting the deep growth of corn roots, and the tillage component 5 can crush surface straw and weeds and mix them into the soil, achieving straw return to the field, increasing soil organic matter content, and reducing weed growth in the field.
[0008] Furthermore, a fertilizer application assembly is provided at the bottom of the base. The fertilizer application assembly includes a fertilizer box connected to the bottom of the base, a discharge pipe connected to the fertilizer box, and a second solenoid valve provided on the discharge pipe.
[0009] The above technical solution involves setting up a fertilization component to precisely control the amount of fertilizer applied per unit area based on soil fertility data and corn growth needs. This allows the fertilizer to be directed to a position 5-8 cm below and to the side of the seed, preventing seed burn and ensuring rapid root absorption.
[0010] Furthermore, a seeding assembly is provided on the top of the base. The seeding assembly includes a funnel on the top of the base, a support rod connecting the funnel to the top of the base, a seeding tube connected to the bottom of the funnel, and a first solenoid valve provided on the seeding tube.
[0011] The above technical solution involves setting up a sowing component to pour the sieved, plump seeds into a funnel, and then opening a solenoid valve to quantitatively sow the seeds into the seed pits through the sowing tube. Through precise sowing, the selected high-quality seeds are sown into the soil at a preset plant spacing and depth, creating a suitable environment for seed germination, ensuring uniform emergence and robust seedlings, and laying a foundation for high yield.
[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall of the screening box is provided with a limiting component, the limiting component including a limiting groove formed in the inner wall of the screening box, a limiting block slidably connected to the limiting groove, and the limiting block being connected to a sliding plate.
[0013] The above technical solution is adopted: by setting a limiting component, the trajectory of the sliding plate during the movement is limited.
[0014] Furthermore, the screening box is equipped with a drainage component, which includes a drainage pipe connected to the screening box and a pump body installed on the drainage pipe.
[0015] The above technical solution involves setting up a drainage component to discharge the brine remaining in the screening box after screening through a drainage pipe for recycling.
[0016] Furthermore, the screening box is provided with a collection component, which includes a collection box slidably connected to the screening box and a handle connected to the collection box.
[0017] The above technical solution involves setting up a collection component so that plump seeds fall to the bottom of the sieving box after screening. Then, the handle is pulled to pull the collection box out of the sieving box to collect the plump seeds.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: In this invention, by setting up a screening component, shriveled, broken, and impurities can be effectively removed, while plump and uniform high-quality seeds are retained. This improves the germination rate, reduces the occurrence of missing seedlings and broken rows, lowers the cost of replanting, and ensures uniform plant spacing. It solves the problem that before sowing, unscreened seeds contain shriveled, broken, insect-damaged, and impurities, which directly leads to a significant drop in germination rate after sowing, frequent occurrences of missing seedlings and broken rows, and the need for manual replanting, increasing labor costs. Furthermore, uneven seed size can cause problems with seed metering equipment, with small seeds easily missed and large seeds easily clogging the seed metering device, seriously affecting the uniformity of plant spacing and disrupting the field population structure. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a front view of a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view of a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device.
[0021] Figure 3 This is a bottom structural diagram of a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device.
[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a screening component in a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device.
[0023] Figure 5 This is a breakdown diagram of a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device.
[0024] Numbering on the map: 1. Base; 2. Screening assembly; 21. Screening box; 22. Sliding plate; 23. Push plate; 24. Connecting rope; 25. Limiting plate; 26. Limiting ball; 3. Discharge assembly; 31. Opening and closing plate; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Spring; 4. Limiting component; 41. Limiting groove; 42. Limiting block; 5. Tillage components; 51. Support frame; 52. Rotating roller; 53. Tillage harrow; 54. Housing; 55. Electric push rod; 56. Extension plate; 6. Seeding assembly; 61. Funnel; 62. Support rod; 63. First solenoid valve; 64. Seeding tube; 7. Fertilizer application components; 71. Fertilizer box; 72. Discharge pipe; 73. Second solenoid valve; 8. Drainage assembly; 81. Drainage pipe; 82. Pump body; 9. Collection components; 91. Collection box; 92. Handle; 10. Casters; 11. Handles. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a quantitative corn planting and fertilization device, including a base 1, universal wheels 10 disposed at the bottom of the base 1, and a handle 11 disposed on the base 1, and further including: Screening assembly 2 includes a screening box 21 set on the top of the base 1, a sliding plate 22 set on the screening box 21, a push plate 23 connected to the sliding plate 22, a connecting rope 24 connected to the top of the sliding plate 22, a limiting plate 25 connected to the top of the screening box 21, the connecting rope 24 slidably connected to the limiting plate 25, and a limiting ball 26 connected to the connecting rope 24. The discharge assembly 3 includes a rotating shaft 32 rotatably connected to the screening box 21, an opening and closing plate 31 connected to the rotating shaft 32, and a spring piece 33 connected between the opening and closing plate 31 and the screening box 21. A collection component 9 is provided on the screening box 21. The collection component 9 includes a collection box 91 that is slidably connected to the screening box 21, and a handle 92 is connected to the collection box 91. Specifically, first, brine is poured into the screening box 21, followed by seeds. Plump seeds sink to the bottom of the screening box 21, while shriveled seeds float on the surface of the brine. Then, the limiting ball 26 is pulled, causing the connecting rope 24 to slide on the limiting plate 25. The connecting rope 24 drives the sliding plate 22 and the push plate 23 connected to it. The push plate 23 contacts the surface of the brine, and during its movement, it pushes the seeds floating on the surface. When the push plate 23 contacts the opening and closing plate 31, it pushes the opening and closing plate 31 to rotate via the rotating shaft 32. During the rotation, it simultaneously squeezes the spring 33, and the shriveled seeds are then pushed out of the screening box 21 by the push plate 23. The sliding plate 22 is then reset, and the opening and closing plate 31, after losing the pushing force of the push plate 23, is pushed out of the screening box 21 by the spring 33. The elastic force of the 3 automatically returns to its original position. Finally, pull the handle 92 to pull the plump seeds on the collection box 91 out of the screening box 21 for collection. The screening component 2 in the quantitative corn planting and fertilization device can significantly improve the sowing quality and operation efficiency. The screening component 2 can effectively remove shriveled, broken and impurities, and retain plump and uniform high-quality seeds, which can increase the germination rate by 15%-20%, reduce the phenomenon of missing seedlings and broken rows, and reduce the cost of replanting. Moreover, the seed size after screening is uniform, which can avoid the problem of seed metering device blockage or missed sowing, ensure uniform plant spacing, and optimize the field population structure. In addition, screening can remove diseased seeds and insect eggs, reduce the incidence of seedling diseases and pests, and reduce the amount of pesticides used. This component can also reduce the wear of impurities on the sowing mechanism, extend the equipment life, and help the precision and efficiency of large-scale planting.
[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown: A tillage assembly 5 is installed on the top of the base 1. The tillage assembly 5 includes a bracket 51 mounted on the base 1, a rotating roller 52 rotatably connected to the bracket 51, a harrow 53 connected to the rotating roller 52, a housing 54 mounted on the bracket 51, a motor installed inside the housing 54, the rotating roller 52 connected to the output end of the motor, an extension plate 56 connected to the bracket 51, and an electric push rod 55 mounted on the top of the base 1. The output end of the electric push rod 55 is connected to the extension plate 56. During the movement of the device, the electric push rod 55 is activated to drive the extension plate 56 upward, the extension plate 56 drives the bracket 51 upward, and the bracket 51 drives the rotating roller 52 and the harrow 53 mounted on it upward to separate from the ground, preventing obstruction of movement. Once the device reaches the designated position, the electric push rod 55 is activated again to drive the harrow 53 downwards until it contacts the ground. Then, the motor is activated to drive the rotating roller 52 and the harrow 53 on it to rotate, thus digging the land. The tillage component 5 in the quantitative corn planting and fertilization device can lay a good soil foundation for the subsequent sowing and fertilization process, significantly improving the planting quality. This component breaks up the soil compaction layer through deep plowing and soil breaking, increasing the tillage layer depth to 20-30cm, improving soil permeability and water and fertilizer retention capacity, promoting the deep growth of corn roots, and the tillage component 5 can crush the surface straw and weeds and mix them into the soil to achieve straw return to the field, increase the soil organic matter content, and reduce the growth of weeds in the field. The above solution also requires that the trajectory of the sliding plate 22 during its movement be limited to prevent it from deviating from its original trajectory, such as... Figure 4 As shown: The inner wall of the screening box 21 is provided with a limiting component 4. The limiting component 4 includes a limiting groove 41 opened in the inner wall of the screening box 21. A limiting block 42 is slidably connected on the limiting groove 41. The limiting block 42 is connected to the sliding plate 22. During the movement of the sliding plate 22, it will synchronously drive the limiting block 42 to slide in the limiting groove 41, thereby limiting the movement trajectory of the sliding plate 22 and preventing it from deviating from the original movement trajectory. The above solutions also require that plump seeds after screening be collected and sown in quantitative quantities, such as... Figures 1-4As shown: A sowing component 6 is provided on the top of the base 1. The sowing component 6 includes a funnel 61 on the top of the base 1. A support rod 62 is connected between the funnel 61 and the top of the base 1. A sowing tube 64 is connected to the bottom of the funnel 61. A first solenoid valve 63 is provided on the sowing tube 64. The plump seeds on the collection box 91 are poured into the funnel 61. Then, the first solenoid valve 63 is opened to quantitatively introduce the seeds in the funnel 61 into the seed pit through the sowing tube 64, thus completing the sowing work. Through precise sowing, the selected high-quality seeds are sown into the soil at a preset plant spacing and depth, creating a suitable environment for seed germination, ensuring uniform emergence and strong seedlings, laying the foundation for high yield. Moreover, the sowing quality directly affects the efficiency of subsequent field management. Uniform emergence can reduce the labor cost of thinning and replanting, and consistent sowing depth facilitates the standardized implementation of irrigation, fertilization and other operations. Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown: A fertilization component 7 is installed at the bottom of the base 1. The fertilization component 7 includes a fertilizer box 71 connected to the bottom of the base 1. A discharge pipe 72 is connected to the fertilizer box 71. A second solenoid valve 73 is installed on the discharge pipe 72. After the sowing work is completed, the second solenoid valve 73 is opened to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 71 to a position 5-8cm below the seed through the discharge pipe 72. This prevents seed burning and ensures rapid absorption by the roots, increasing fertilizer utilization by more than 30%. The fertilization component 7 and the sowing component 6 work together to realize integrated seed and fertilizer sowing, which greatly shortens the operation cycle, reduces labor costs, and provides stable nutrient support for the growth of corn seedlings. Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown: A drainage component 8 is installed on the screening box 21. The drainage component 8 includes a drainage pipe 81 connected to the screening box 21, and a pump body 82 is installed on the drainage pipe 81. After sowing, the pump body 82 is turned on to discharge the salt water remaining in the screening box 21 through the drainage pipe 81 for recycling. Timely discharge of salt water can prevent seeds from being soaked in salt water for a long time, which would cause cell dehydration, prevent seed coat shrinkage or embryo damage, and ensure that seed germination vitality is not affected. If salt water remains, the salt on the seed surface will inhibit root water absorption after sowing, reducing the germination rate. Discharging salt water can prevent salt from depositing in the screening equipment, reduce corrosion of containers and other components, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce maintenance costs.
[0028] The working principle provided by this invention is as follows: Figures 1-5As shown: First, during the movement of the device, the electric push rod 55 is activated, driving the extension plate 56 upward. The extension plate 56 drives the support 51 upward, and the support 51 drives the rotating roller 52 and the harrow 53 mounted on it upward to separate from the ground, preventing obstruction of operation. After moving to the designated position, the electric push rod 55 is activated again, driving the harrow 53 downward until it contacts the ground. Then, the motor is activated, driving the rotating roller 52 and the harrow 53 to rotate, digging the soil, pouring the brine into the screening box 21, and then pouring the seeds... Upon entering the screening box 21, plump seeds sink to the bottom, while shriveled seeds float on the surface of the brine. Then, pulling the limiting ball 26 causes the connecting rope 24 to slide on the limiting plate 25. The connecting rope 24 drives the sliding plate 22 and its connected push plate 23. During its movement, the sliding plate 22 simultaneously drives the limiting block 42 to slide within the limiting groove 41, thus limiting the movement trajectory of the sliding plate 22 and preventing it from deviating from its original path. The push plate 23 contacts the surface of the brine. During its movement, the push plate 23... The seeds floating on the salt water surface are pushed, and when the push plate 23 contacts the opening and closing plate 31, the opening and closing plate 31 is pushed to rotate via the rotating shaft 32. During the rotation, the spring 33 is squeezed simultaneously, and the shriveled seeds are pushed out of the screening box 21 by the push plate 23. Then the sliding plate 22 is reset, and the opening and closing plate 31 automatically returns to its original position after losing the pushing force of the push plate 23 due to the elasticity of the spring 33. Finally, the handle 92 is pulled to pull the plump seeds on the collection box 91 out of the screening box 21 for collection. At the same time, the pump body 82 is turned on to... The brine remaining in the screening box 21 is discharged through the drain pipe 81 for recycling. Timely discharge of brine can prevent seeds from being soaked in brine for a long time, which would cause cell dehydration and prevent seed coat shrinkage or embryo damage. The plump seeds on the collection box 91 are poured into the funnel 61. Then, the first solenoid valve 63 is opened to quantitatively introduce the seeds in the funnel 61 into the seed pit through the sowing pipe 64 to complete the sowing work. After the sowing work is completed, the second solenoid valve 73 is opened to transport the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 71 to 5-8cm below the seed through the discharge pipe 72. This prevents seed burning and ensures rapid absorption by the roots, increasing fertilizer utilization rate by more than 30%.
[0029] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. The implementation schemes in the above embodiments can also be further combined or replaced. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A quantitative corn planting and fertilization device, comprising a base (1), casters (10) disposed at the bottom of the base (1), and a handle (11) disposed on the base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Screening assembly (2), the screening assembly (2) includes a screening box (21) disposed on the top of the base (1), a sliding plate (22) is disposed on the screening box (21), a push plate (23) is connected to the sliding plate (22), a connecting rope (24) is connected to the top of the sliding plate (22), a limiting plate (25) is connected to the top of the screening box (21), the connecting rope (24) is slidably connected to the limiting plate (25), and a limiting ball (26) is connected to the connecting rope (24); The discharge assembly (3) includes a rotating shaft (32) rotatably connected to the screening box (21), an opening and closing plate (31) connected to the rotating shaft (32), and a spring piece (33) connected between the opening and closing plate (31) and the screening box (21).
2. The quantitative corn planting and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a tillage component (5) on top. The tillage component (5) includes a bracket (51) on the base (1). A rotating roller (52) is rotatably connected to the bracket (51). A harrow (53) is connected to the rotating roller (52). A housing (54) is provided on the bracket (51). A motor is provided inside the housing (54). The rotating roller (52) is connected to the output end of the motor. An extension plate (56) is connected to the bracket (51). An electric push rod (55) is provided on top of the base (1). The output end of the electric push rod (55) is connected to the extension plate (56).
3. The quantitative corn planting and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a fertilizer assembly (7) at the bottom. The fertilizer assembly (7) includes a fertilizer box (71) connected to the bottom of the base (1). A discharge pipe (72) is connected to the fertilizer box (71), and a second solenoid valve (73) is provided on the discharge pipe (72).
4. The quantitative corn planting and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a seeding assembly (6) on top. The seeding assembly (6) includes a funnel (61) on top of the base (1). A support rod (62) is connected between the funnel (61) and the top of the base (1). A seeding tube (64) is connected to the bottom of the funnel (61). A first solenoid valve (63) is provided on the seeding tube (64).
5. The quantitative corn planting and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the screening box (21) is provided with a limiting component (4), the limiting component (4) includes a limiting groove (41) opened on the inner wall of the screening box (21), a limiting block (42) is slidably connected on the limiting groove (41), and the limiting block (42) is connected to the sliding plate (22).
6. The quantitative corn planting and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening box (21) is provided with a drainage component (8), which includes a drainage pipe (81) connected to the screening box (21) and a pump body (82) is provided on the drainage pipe (81).
7. The quantitative corn planting and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening box (21) is provided with a collection component (9), which includes a collection box (91) slidably connected to the screening box (21) and a handle (92) connected to the collection box (91).