Adjustable intraocular lens and method for adjusting intraocular lens after operation

Abstract

The invention relates to an adjustable intraocular lens and a method for post-operative adjustment of an intraocular lens. Adjustable intraocular lenses and methods of post-operative adjustment of intraocular lenses are disclosed. In one embodiment, an adjustable intraocular lens may include an optical portion and a peripheral portion. The peripheral portion may include a composite material including an energy absorbing component and a plurality of expandable members. A base power of the optical portion may be configured to vary in response to external energy directed to the composite material.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the application filed on October 1, 2020, with application number 202080077770.X and invention title "Adjustable Intraocular Lens and Method for Postoperative Adjustment of Intraocular Lens".

[0002] Cross-references to related applications

[0003] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62 / 911,039, filed October 4, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0004] This disclosure generally relates to the field of intraocular lenses, and more specifically, to adjustable intraocular lenses and methods for adjusting intraocular lenses postoperatively. Background Technology

[0005] Cataracts are a condition involving clouding of the normally clear lens of the eye. Cataracts can occur due to aging, genetic factors, trauma, inflammation, metabolic disorders, or exposure to radiation. Age-related cataracts are the most common type. To treat cataracts, a surgeon removes the lens matrix from the lens capsule and replaces it with an intraocular lens (IOL).

[0006] However, current IOL surgery may leave some patients dissatisfied with their refractive results. In some cases, preoperative biometric measurements of the patient's eye may be inaccurate, leading to the creation and implantation of an IOL with the wrong lenticule power. In other cases, once the IOL is implanted within the capsular bag, the aggressive healing response of the bag's tissues can affect the IOL's optical power. Furthermore, the patient's cornea or intraocular muscles may change due to injury, disease, or aging. In such cases, it may be necessary to adjust the implanted IOL to accommodate these changes.

[0007] Therefore, a solution is needed that allows for post-implantation adjustment of the IOL to address the aforementioned issues without requiring additional surgery. Such a solution should not be overly complex and should still allow for cost-effective IOL manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This article discloses methods for adjustable intraocular lenses and postoperative adjustable intraocular lenses. Such adjustable intraocular lenses may also be referred to as adjustable static focusing intraocular lenses or non-accommodating fluid-adjustable intraocular lenses.

[0009] In one embodiment, an intraocular lens is disclosed, including an optical portion and a peripheral portion coupled to the optical portion. The peripheral portion may include a composite material comprising an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components. The base power of the optical portion may be configured to change in response to external energy directed to the composite material. The base power of the optical portion may be configured to be unresponsive to forces applied to the peripheral portion by the capsular bag when the intraocular lens is implanted within the capsular bag.

[0010] In some embodiments, the expandable component may be expandable microspheres. Each expandable microsphere may include a foaming agent contained within a thermoplastic shell. The thickness of the thermoplastic shell may be configured to change in response to external energy directed onto the composite material.

[0011] In some embodiments, the blowing agent may be a branched hydrocarbon. For example, the branched hydrocarbon may be isopentane. Furthermore, for example, the thermoplastic shell may be partially made of an acrylonitrile copolymer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the diameter of at least one of the expandable microspheres may be configured to increase by about 2X to about 4X in response to external energy applied to the guiding composite material. The volume of at least one of the expandable components may be configured to expand by about 10X to 50X in response to external energy applied to the guiding composite material.

[0013] In some embodiments, the expandable component may comprise about 5% to about 15% of the weight of the composite material. For example, the expandable component may comprise about 10% of the weight of the composite material.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing component may be an energy-absorbing colorant. When the intraocular lens is implanted in the eye, the color of the energy-absorbing colorant may be visually perceptible.

[0015] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing colorant may be a dye. For example, the dye may be an azo dye. As a more specific example, the dye may be Disperse Red 1 dye.

[0016] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing colorant may be an energy-absorbing pigment. For example, the energy-absorbing pigment may be graphitized carbon black. In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing component may account for about 0.025% to about 1.00% of the weight of the composite material.

[0017] In some embodiments, the peripheral portion may be made in part from a crosslinked copolymer comprising a copolymer blend. In these embodiments, the composite material may also be made in part from a copolymer blend.

[0018] The composite material can be cured into a crosslinked copolymer at a location within the outer portion. The composite material can then remain essentially fixed at that location.

[0019] The base power of the optical component can be configured to vary between approximately ±0.05D and approximately ±0.5D in response to an external energy pulse from the guiding composite material. For example, the base power of the optical component can be configured to change by approximately 0.1D in response to an external energy pulse from the guiding composite material.

[0020] The base power of the optical components can be configured to vary in total between approximately ±1.0D and approximately ±2.0D. The variation in base power can be continuous.

[0021] In some embodiments, the external energy can be light energy. In these embodiments, the light energy can be laser light. The laser light can have a wavelength between about 488 nm and about 650 nm. For example, the laser light can be a green laser. A green laser can have a wavelength of about 532 nm.

[0022] In other embodiments, the laser may have a wavelength between about 946 nm and about 1120 nm. For example, the laser may have a wavelength of about 1030 nm. Furthermore, for example, the laser may have a wavelength of about 1064 nm.

[0023] In some embodiments, the laser may be emitted by a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. In other embodiments, the laser may be emitted by a femtosecond laser.

[0024] The energy-absorbing component can be configured to transfer thermal energy to the plurality of expandable components in response to external energy directed to the composite material.

[0025] In some embodiments, the composite material can be formed as discrete peripheral components such that directing external energy to one discrete peripheral component causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component, and directing external energy to another discrete peripheral component also causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component. In some embodiments, the peripheral portion may include 20 to 40 peripheral components.

[0026] The optical portion of the IOL may include an optical fluid chamber, and the peripheral portion may include at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber. In some embodiments, the peripheral fluid chamber is curved and follows the curvature of the optical portion.

[0027] The peripheral fluid chamber may have a chamber height. The chamber height may be between approximately 0.1 mm and approximately 0.3 mm.

[0028] In some embodiments, the composite material can be configured as a chamber expander. The chamber expander can be configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the chamber expander. The expansion of the chamber expander can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber. The base power of the optical portion can be configured to decrease in response to external energy guiding the chamber expander. The chamber expander can be configured as an expandable column extending from the front wall of the chamber to the rear wall of the chamber.

[0029] In some embodiments, the composite material can be configured as a spacer or piston. The spacer or piston can be configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the spacer or piston. The expansion of the spacer or piston reduces the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber. The spacer or piston can be configured as a pad extending from the front or rear wall of the chamber. The fundamental power of the optical component can be configured to increase in response to external energy guiding the spacer or piston.

[0030] The base focal length can be configured to change in response to fluid displacement between the optical fluid chamber and the peripheral fluid chamber caused by external energy of the guiding composite material.

[0031] In some embodiments, the peripheral portion may include a first composite material and a second composite material. In these embodiments, the first composite material may include a first energy-absorbing component, and the second composite material may include a second energy-absorbing component. The color of the first energy-absorbing component may be different from the color of the second energy-absorbing component.

[0032] In some embodiments, the peripheral portion may be configured as at least one haptic, and a peripheral fluid chamber may be defined within the haptic. In these embodiments, the peripheral fluid chamber may extend only partially into the haptic.

[0033] A tactile body may include a proximal tactile portion and a distal tactile portion. The distal tactile portion may include a distal tactile arm that is not attached to an optical portion except via the proximal tactile portion.

[0034] In some embodiments, the tactile distal arm may include a kink or a bend.

[0035] The peripheral fluid chamber can be defined within the proximal tactile portion, and the chamber segment of the proximal tactile portion can be either not connected to or separated from the optical portion by a gap or space. The tactile body can be connected to the optical portion at a proximal end of the tactile body and at a distal connection portion located at the far end of the chamber segment.

[0036] In some embodiments, the proximal end of the haptic element may be connected to and extend from the side of the optical portion. In these embodiments, the side may have a side height of approximately 0.65 mm.

[0037] The peripheral portion can be configured as a first tactile body including a first tactile fluid chamber and a second tactile body including a second tactile fluid chamber. The optical portion may include an optical fluid chamber.

[0038] The first tactile fluid chamber can be fluidly connected to the optical fluid chamber via a first fluid channel. The second tactile fluid chamber can be fluidly connected to the optical fluid chamber via a second fluid channel. The first fluid channel can be positioned radially opposite to the second fluid channel.

[0039] In some embodiments, the optical fluid chamber, the first tactile fluid chamber, and the second tactile fluid chamber may include a fluid with a total fluid volume between about 10 μL and about 20 μL. Each of the first and second tactile fluid chambers may include about 0.5 μL of fluid. In some embodiments, about 15 nL of fluid may be exchanged between the first and second tactile fluid chambers and the optical fluid chamber in response to a pulse of external energy directed to the composite material. In some embodiments, the fluid may be silicone oil.

[0040] In another embodiment, an intraocular lens is disclosed, including an optical portion and a peripheral portion coupled to the optical portion. The peripheral portion may include a first peripheral component and a second peripheral component. The first peripheral component may be made of a composite material comprising an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components. The second peripheral component may also be made of a composite material comprising an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components. The base power of the optical portion may be configured to increase in response to external energy directed to the first peripheral component, and the base power of the optical portion may be configured to decrease in response to external energy directed to the second peripheral component. However, the base power of the optical portion may be configured such that it does not respond to forces applied to the peripheral portion by the capsular bag when the intraocular lens is implanted within the capsular bag.

[0041] In some embodiments, the optical portion may include an optical fluid chamber, and the peripheral portion may include at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber. The base focal length may be configured to change in response to fluid displacement between the optical fluid chamber and the peripheral fluid chamber caused by external energy directed to the first or second peripheral component.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first peripheral component may be configured as a space filler. The space filler may be configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the space filler. The expansion of the space filler may reduce the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber. For example, the space filler may be configured as an expandable pad extending from the front wall or rear wall of the chamber.

[0043] In some embodiments, the second peripheral component may be configured as a chamber expander or a jack. The chamber expander or jack may be configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the chamber expander or jack. The expansion of the chamber expander or jack may increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber. For example, the chamber expander or jack may be configured as an expandable column extending from the front wall of the chamber to the rear wall of the chamber.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first peripheral component and the second peripheral component may be located within the same peripheral fluid chamber. In these embodiments, the second peripheral component may be positioned distal to the first peripheral component within the same peripheral fluid chamber. Furthermore, in these embodiments, the first peripheral component may be positioned proximal to the second peripheral component within the same peripheral fluid chamber. The first peripheral component may be positioned closer than the second peripheral component to the fluid channel connecting the optical fluid chamber to the peripheral fluid chamber.

[0045] The first peripheral component and the second peripheral component can be configured as discrete peripheral components, such that directing external energy to one discrete peripheral component can cause a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component, and directing external energy to the other discrete peripheral component can also cause a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component.

[0046] In some embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber may include at least ten first peripheral components. In these and other embodiments, the same or another peripheral fluid chamber may include at least ten second peripheral components.

[0047] A method for postoperative adjustment of an intraocular lens is also disclosed. This method may include adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens by directing external energy to a composite material within the peripheral portion of the intraocular lens. The peripheral portion may be coupled to an optical component deployed radially inward within the peripheral portion. The composite material may include an energy-absorbing component and multiple expandable components. The base power of the intraocular lens can be configured to be unresponsive to forces applied to the peripheral portion by the capsular bag when the intraocular lens is implanted within the capsular bag.

[0048] The optical portion may include an optical fluid chamber, and the peripheral portion may include at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber. The fundamental power of the intraocular lens may change in response to fluid displacement between the optical fluid chamber and the peripheral fluid chamber due to external energy from the guiding composite material. In some embodiments, approximately 15 nL of fluid may be exchanged between the peripheral fluid chamber and the optical fluid chamber in response to a pulse of external energy from the guiding composite material.

[0049] In some embodiments, adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens may further include increasing the base power by directing external energy to a composite material configured as a space filler within a peripheral fluid chamber defined in the peripheral portion.

[0050] The method may also include reducing the base keratinity by directing external energy to another instance of the composite material, which is configured as a chamber expander located within the peripheral portion.

[0051] In some embodiments, adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens may further include reducing the base power by directing external energy to a composite material configured as a chamber expander located within a peripheral fluid chamber defined in the peripheral portion. Reducing the base power may also include another instance of directing external energy to a composite material configured as a space filler located within the peripheral fluid chamber.

[0052] In some embodiments, adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens may further include directing a pulse of external energy to a first peripheral component within a peripheral fluid cavity confined within a peripheral portion, and directing an additional pulse of external energy to a second peripheral component within the same peripheral fluid cavity. The first peripheral component may be made of a composite material, and the second peripheral component may be made of the same composite material.

[0053] In an additional embodiment, adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens may further include directing a pulse of external energy to a first peripheral component within a first peripheral fluid chamber within a peripheral portion, and directing an additional pulse of external energy to a second peripheral component within a second peripheral fluid chamber within a peripheral portion. The first peripheral component may be made of a composite material, and the second peripheral component may be made of the same composite material. The first peripheral fluid chamber may be in fluid communication with the second peripheral fluid chamber via an optical fluid chamber defined within an optical portion.

[0054] In some embodiments, adjusting the base focal length in the first direction may further include directing external energy to a first composite material and adjusting the base focal length in the second direction by directing external energy to a second composite material. The first composite material may include a first energy-absorbing component having a first color. The second composite material may include a second energy-absorbing component having a second color different from the first color. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1A The illustration shows a top plan view of an embodiment of an adjustable intraocular lens (IOL), with a portion of the front of the adjustable IOL removed to better illustrate the components within the IOL.

[0056] Figure 1B The illustration shows an adjustable IOL implanted in the subject's pocket.

[0057] Figure 2A The illustration shows a perspective view of the adjustable IOL.

[0058] Figure 2B The illustration shows a perspective view of the adjustable IOL, with a portion of the front of the adjustable IOL removed to better illustrate the components within the IOL.

[0059] Figure 3A The diagram illustrates along Figure 2A A cross-sectional view of the adjustable IOL taken from the AA cross section.

[0060] Figure 3B The diagram illustrates along Figure 2A A cross-sectional view of the adjustable IOL taken from the BB cross section.

[0061] Figure 3C The diagram illustrates the external energy of the first peripheral component of the guideable adjustable IOL.

[0062] Figure 3D The diagram illustrates the external energy of the second peripheral component of the guideable adjustable IOL.

[0063] Figure 4A The illustration shows at least a portion of the composite material used to manufacture an adjustable intraocular lens.

[0064] Figure 4B An embodiment of an expandable component for an adjustable intraocular lens is illustrated.

[0065] Figure 5 The illustration shows a top plan view of another embodiment of the adjustable IOL, in which a portion of the front of the adjustable IOL has been removed to better illustrate the components within the IOL.

[0066] Figure 6 The illustration shows a top plan view of an adjustable IOL with a beam-splitting lens surface profile.

[0067] Figure 7 This is an example of a method for adjusting the IOL after surgery.

[0068] Figure 8 This is another embodiment of the method for adjusting the IOL after surgery.

[0069] Figure 9 This is yet another example of a method for adjusting the IOL after surgery.

[0070] Figure 10 This is another example of a method for adjusting the IOL after surgery. Detailed Implementation

[0071] Figure 1A The illustration shows a top plan view of an embodiment of an adjustable static focusing intraocular lens (IOL) 100, with a portion of the front of the adjustable IOL 100 removed to better illustrate the components within the IOL. Figure 1A As shown, the adjustable IOL 100 may include an optical portion 102 and a peripheral portion 103. The peripheral portion 103 may include one or more tactile bodies 104, which include a first tactile body 104A and a second tactile body 104B extending from or coupled to the periphery of the optical portion 102.

[0072] For example, the adjustable IOL 100 can be an integrated lens (see example). Figure 1A-3B This allows the peripheral portion 103 to be connected to and extend from the optical portion 102. In this example embodiment, the peripheral portion 103 is formed together with the optical portion 102 and is not adhered to or otherwise coupled to the optical portion 102 in subsequent steps.

[0073] In other embodiments, the peripheral portion 103 is coupled to and adhered to the optical portion 102. For example, the peripheral portion 103 may be adhered to the optical portion 102 after each being formed separately.

[0074] Optical section 102 may include optical fluid chamber 106 (see also example...) Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B And one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108 in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber 106. The one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108 may be defined within the peripheral portion 103. For example, at least one peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend into the peripheral portion 103.

[0075] In some embodiments, at least one peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend only partially into the peripheral portion 103. For example, at least one peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend only partially into one-third, one-half, or three-quarters of the peripheral portion 103. Furthermore, for example, at least one peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend only partially between one-third and one-half of the peripheral portion 103, or between one-half and three-quarters of the peripheral portion 103.

[0076] In some embodiments, at least one peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend only partially into one of the tactile bodies 104 of the peripheral portion 103. For example, at least one peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend only partially into one-third, one-half, or three-quarters of the tactile body 104. Furthermore, for example, at least one peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend only partially between one-third and one-half of the tactile body 104, or between one-half and three-quarters of the tactile body 104.

[0077] like Figure 1A As shown, the peripheral portion 103 may include two tactile bodies 104 (e.g., a first tactile body 104A and a second tactile body 104B). In this embodiment, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend into each of the two tactile bodies 104. The peripheral fluid chamber 108 may extend only partially into the tactile body 104.

[0078] One or more peripheral fluid chambers 108 may also be referred to as one or more tactile fluid chambers. When the peripheral portion 103 includes a first tactile body 104A and a second tactile body 104B, the peripheral portion 103 may include one peripheral fluid chamber 108 referred to as the first tactile fluid chamber and another peripheral fluid chamber 108 referred to as the second tactile fluid chamber.

[0079] At least one of the tactile bodies 104 (e.g., a first tactile body 104A, a second tactile body 104B, or a combination thereof) may be curved. In these embodiments, the peripheral fluid chamber 108 (e.g., a tactile fluid chamber) may be curved. The peripheral fluid chamber 108 may follow the curvature of the tactile body 104. The peripheral fluid chamber 108 may also follow the curvature of the optical portion 102 when at least a segment of the tactile body 104 follows the curvature of at least a portion of the optical portion 102.

[0080] The peripheral fluid chamber 108 may be in fluid communication with or fluidly coupled to the optical fluid chamber 106 via a fluid channel 110. The fluid channel 110 may be a channel or conduit connecting the peripheral fluid chamber 108 to the optical fluid chamber 106. The fluid channel 110 may run along the rear element 300 of the optical section 102 (see, for example...). Figure 3A and 3B )limited.

[0081] Fluid channel 110 may also be referred to as along the side 111 or side surface of optical portion 102 (see also example...) Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B The fluid channel 110 is a defined gap or opening. The fluid channel 110 may be curved. The fluid channel 110 may be substantially shaped as an annular segment.

[0082] The peripheral fluid chamber 108 may be fluidly coupled to or in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber 106 via a single fluid channel 110. When the adjustable IOL 100 includes a plurality of peripheral fluid chambers 108, each peripheral fluid chamber 108 may be fluidly coupled to or in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber 106 via a single fluid channel 110.

[0083] In other embodiments, the peripheral fluid chamber 108 may be fluidly coupled to and in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber 106 via a plurality of (e.g., two or more) fluid channels. In these embodiments, the two or more fluid channels 110 may be separated by channel dividers or partition walls.

[0084] When the peripheral portion 103 includes a first tactile body 104A having a first tactile fluid chamber and a second tactile body 104B having a second tactile fluid chamber, the first tactile fluid chamber can be fluidly connected to or fluidly coupled to the optical fluid chamber 106 via a first fluid channel, and the second tactile fluid chamber can be fluidly connected to or fluidly coupled to the optical fluid chamber 106 via a second fluid channel. In these embodiments, the first fluid channel can be positioned radially opposite to the second fluid channel (see, for example...). Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 2B and Figure 3A ).

[0085] Figure 1A The illustration shows that when the peripheral portion 103 is implemented as one or more tactile bodies 104, each tactile body 104 may have a tactile proximal portion 112 and a tactile distal portion 114. A peripheral fluid chamber 108 or a tactile fluid chamber may be defined within the tactile proximal portion 112.

[0086] At least one segment of the tactile proximal portion 112 may be curved. At least one segment of the tactile proximal portion 112 may follow the curvature of at least a portion of the optical portion 102.

[0087] The distal tactile portion 114 may include a distal tactile arm 116. The distal tactile arm 116 may not be attached to the optical portion 102 except via the proximal tactile portion 112.

[0088] The tactile distal arm 116 may include a kink or bend 118 defined along the tactile distal arm 116. The kink or bend 118 may allow the tactile distal arm 116 to compress or fold in response to pouch remodeling. The tactile distal arm 116 may terminate at a free or unconnected tactile distal end 120.

[0089] When the peripheral portion 103 includes two tactile bodies 104 (e.g., a first tactile body 104A and a second tactile body 104B), the adjustable IOL 100 can have an uncompressed tactile length 122, as measured from the tactile distal end 120 of the first tactile body 104A to the tactile distal end 120 of the second tactile body 104B. The uncompressed tactile length 122 can be between about 12.0 mm and about 14.0 mm. For example, the uncompressed tactile length 122 can be about 13.0 mm.

[0090] The distal tactile end 120 of each tactile body 104 may be a closed end of the tactile body 104 that is not connected to the optical portion 102. The distal tactile end 120 may include a spherical feature or nodule at the end of the distal tactile end 120.

[0091] like Figure 1A As shown, the optical portion 102 may have an optical portion diameter 124. The optical portion diameter 124 may be between approximately 5.0 mm and 8.0 mm. For example, the optical portion diameter 124 may be approximately 6.0 mm.

[0092] The tactile body 104 can be connected to the optical part 102 at its proximal end 126. The tactile body 104 can also be connected to the optical part 102 at its distal connection portion 128. The distal connection portion 128 can be a portion of the tactile body 104 located at the distal end away from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 or the tactile fluid chamber.

[0093] A segment of the tactile body 104 between its proximal end 126 and distal connecting portion 128 (referred to herein as chamber segment 129) may be physically separated from the optical portion 102. Chamber segment 129 may include at least a segment of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 between its radially inner chamber wall 132 and radially outer chamber wall 134. For example, the radially inner chamber wall 132 of chamber segment 129 may be separated from the optical portion 102 by an elongated gap or space. Figure 1A As shown, the elongated gap or space can be a curved gap 130.

[0094] The bending gap 130 allows the peripheral fluid chamber 108 or the tactile fluid chamber to expand or change shape, while the radial inner chamber wall 132 does not impinge on or exert pressure on the side 111 of the optical portion 102 adjacent to the chamber segment 129 (see also, for example...). Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B ).

[0095] like Figure 1AAs shown, the radial outer chamber wall 134 may be thicker or larger than the radial inner chamber wall 132. In some embodiments, the radial outer chamber wall 134 may be thicker or larger than both the radial inner chamber wall 132 and the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0096] When forces are applied radially to chamber segment 129 by sac contraction or remodeling, a thick or bulky radial outer chamber wall 134 can provide stiffness or elasticity to chamber segment 129. For example, a thick or bulky radial outer chamber wall 134 can allow chamber segment 129 of peripheral portion 103 to be insensitive or less sensitive to radial forces applied radially to peripheral portion 103 by sac remodeling caused by ciliary muscle movement.

[0097] In some embodiments, the distal connection portion 128 may not be fixed or connected to adjacent segments of the optical portion 102, thus allowing a greater number of tactile bodies 104 to move freely during IOL 100 implantation to achieve folding or unfolding. Once the IOL 100 is implanted within the capsule, the distal connection portion 128 can rest against or otherwise contact adjacent segments of the optical portion 102 to stabilize the tactile body 104 and prevent the tactile body 104 from twisting or otherwise moving back and forth in response to capsule contraction or remodeling. In other embodiments, the tactile body 104 may also be connected to the optical portion 102 at the distal connection portion 128.

[0098] like Figure 1A As shown, the peripheral fluid chamber 108 may terminate before reaching the tactile distal portion 114. In some embodiments, one or more tactile distal arms 116 may be made of the same material as the walls of the tactile chamber.

[0099] One technical problem faced by the applicant is how to design a fluid-filled IOL that can be adjusted postoperatively by a clinician or other medical professional without responding to or being insensitive to radial forces applied to the fluid-filled IOL by the pouch. One solution discovered by the applicant is the adjustable IOL disclosed herein, wherein the peripheral fluid chamber extends only partially into the tactile body of the adjustable IOL, and the chamber segment of the tactile body has a radially outer chamber wall thicker than the radially inner chamber wall, and the radially inner chamber wall is separated from the optical portion by an elongated gap or space. The tactile body can also be connected to the optical portion at a proximal end of the tactile body and at a distal connection portion located far from the chamber segment.

[0100] The peripheral portion 103 may include composite material 400 (see example...) Figure 4A Alternatively, at least a portion of the outer portion 103 may be made of composite material 400. As will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, composite material 400 may include energy-absorbing component 404 and multiple expandable components 406 (see, for example...). Figure 4A and Figure 4B ).

[0101] In some embodiments, the composite material 400 may be configured as a plurality of space fillers 310 (see, for example) Figure 3A and 3B ) or piston. One or more of the space fillers 310 can be configured to respond to external energy 318 directed to one or more space fillers 310 (see, for example) Figure 3C The expansion of one or more space fillers 310 can reduce the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 that houses one or more space fillers 310. At least one of the space fillers 310 can be configured as a pad extending from the front wall 314 or the rear wall 316 of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 (see, for example...). Figure 3B ).

[0102] In these and other embodiments, the composite material 400 can be configured as a plurality of chamber expanders 312 (see, for example) Figure 3B Or a lifting device. One or more of the chamber expanders 312 can be configured to respond to external energy 318 directed to one or more chamber expanders 312 (see, for example) Figure 3D The expansion of one or more chamber expanders 312 can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 that houses the one or more chamber expanders 312. At least one of the chamber expanders 312 can be configured as an expandable column extending from the front wall 314 of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 to the rear wall 316 of the chamber (see, for example...). Figure 3B ).

[0103] The fundamental power or optical power / diopter of the optical section 102 can be configured to respond to external energy 318 of the guiding composite material 400 (see, for example) Figure 3C and 3D However, when the adjustable IOL 100 is implanted in the capsule, the base power of the optical portion 102 may not respond to or be sensitive to the force applied by the capsule to the peripheral portion 103.

[0104] The base focal length of the optical section 102 can be configured to change in response to the displacement of the fluid between the optical fluid chamber 106 and the peripheral fluid chamber 108 caused by the external energy 318 of the guiding composite material 400.

[0105] The composite material 400 of the peripheral portion 103 may be formed, shaped, or otherwise configured as a plurality of discrete peripheral components 136. For example, each of the peripheral components 136 may be separated from adjacent or neighboring peripheral components 136 by space or gap.

[0106] Peripheral component 136 may be positioned or located within peripheral fluid chamber(s) 108. In some embodiments, peripheral component 136 may occupy the entire length of peripheral fluid chamber(s) 108. In other embodiments, peripheral component 136 may occupy only a portion of peripheral fluid chamber(s) 108.

[0107] In some embodiments, directing external energy 318 to one of the peripheral components 136 may cause that particular peripheral component 136 to change its shape or expand without significantly affecting other peripheral components 136. For example, directing external energy 318 to one of the peripheral components 136 may cause that particular peripheral component 136 to change its shape or expand without causing similar shape changes or expansions in other peripheral components 136.

[0108] A pulse or a set amount of external energy 318 can be directed to a peripheral component 136 to cause a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical section 102. In these embodiments, an additional pulse or an additional amount of external energy 318 can be directed to another peripheral component 136 to cause another change in the fundamental focal length of the optical section 102.

[0109] In some embodiments, the peripheral portion 103 may include 20 to 40 peripheral components 136. In other embodiments, the peripheral portion 103 may include 10 to 20 peripheral components 136. In still other embodiments, the peripheral portion 103 may include 40 to 60 peripheral components 136.

[0110] In some embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include 20 peripheral components 136. In other embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include 10 to 20 peripheral components 136. In still other embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include 20 to 30 peripheral components 136. In yet another embodiment, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include 5 to 10 peripheral components 136.

[0111] Peripheral component 136 may include one or more first peripheral components 138, one or more second peripheral components 140, or combinations thereof. The first peripheral components 138 and the second peripheral components 140 may be positioned or located within the same peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0112] In some embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include at least ten first peripheral components 138. In other embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include five to ten or ten to twenty first peripheral components 138.

[0113] In these and other embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include at least ten second peripheral components 140. In other embodiments, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include five to ten or ten to twenty second peripheral components 140.

[0114] exist Figure 1A In the illustrated embodiment, a peripheral fluid chamber 108 may include ten first peripheral components 138 and ten second peripheral components 140. Furthermore, the adjustable IOL 100 may include two tactile bodies 104, each tactile body including a tactile fluid chamber having ten first peripheral components 138 and ten second peripheral components 140.

[0115] The first peripheral component 138 can be positioned within the peripheral fluid chamber 108 close to the second peripheral component 140 (i.e., the second peripheral component 140 can be positioned deeper within the peripheral fluid chamber 108). For example, the first peripheral component 138 can be positioned closer to the fluid channel 110 connecting the optical fluid chamber 106 to the peripheral fluid chamber 108 compared to the second peripheral component 140. One reason for positioning the second peripheral component 140 (e.g., chamber expander 312 or lifter) deeper or further within the peripheral fluid chamber 108 is to minimize mechanical stress applied to the optical portion 102 (which can lead to undesirable aberrations), as the expansion of the second peripheral component 140 affects the entire cross-section of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0116] In other embodiments, at least some of the second peripheral components 140 may be positioned closer to or closer to the fluid channel 110 than the first peripheral component 138. In still other embodiments, the first peripheral component 138 may be staggered with the second peripheral component 140, such that these components form an alternating pattern.

[0117] exist Figure 1A In the illustrated embodiment, the peripheral components 136 (including the first peripheral component 138, the second peripheral component 140, or combinations thereof) may be arranged in a single row (e.g., a single curved row) along the length of the peripheral fluid chamber 108. In other embodiments not shown in the figures but contemplated by this disclosure, the peripheral components 136 may be arranged in a zigzag, winding, or double- or triple-row pattern, i.e., two or more adjacent rows of peripheral components 136.

[0118] The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to change in response to fluid displacement between the optical fluid chamber 106 and the peripheral fluid chamber 108 caused by external energy 318 directed by one or more peripheral components 136. For example, in response to the external energy 318 directed by one or more peripheral components, fluid can flow out of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and into the optical fluid chamber 106 or flow out of the optical fluid chamber 106 and back into the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0119] The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to change in a first direction in response to external energy 318 directed to the first peripheral component 138. The base power of the optical section 102 can also be configured to change in a second direction opposite to the first direction in response to external energy 318 directed to the second peripheral component 140.

[0120] For example, the base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to increase in response to external energy 318 directed to the first peripheral component 138. As a more specific example, fluid within the peripheral fluid chamber 108 can flow into the optical fluid chamber 106 in response to external energy directed to the first peripheral component 138.

[0121] Furthermore, for example, the base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to decrease in response to external energy 318 directed to the second peripheral component 140. As a more specific example, fluid within the optical fluid chamber 106 can flow into the peripheral fluid chamber 108 in response to external energy directed to the second peripheral component 140.

[0122] As will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, the first peripheral component 138 may be configured as space filler 310 (see, for example, see...). Figure 3A and 3B (or piston). The space filler 310 can be configured to expand in response to external energy 318 guiding the space filler 310. The expansion of the space filler 310 can reduce the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108, which can therefore cause fluid to migrate from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 to the optical fluid chamber 106.

[0123] The second peripheral component 140 can be configured as a chamber expander 312 (see example...) Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B (or lifting device). The chamber expander 312 can be configured to expand in response to external energy 318 directed to the chamber expander 312. The expansion of the chamber expander 312 can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0124] In some embodiments, the fluid within the optical fluid chamber 106, one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108, or combinations thereof may be oil. More specifically, in some embodiments, the fluid within the optical fluid chamber 106, one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108, or combinations thereof may be silicone oil or silicone fluid.

[0125] The fluid within the optical fluid chamber 106, one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108, or combinations thereof may be a silicone oil or silicone fluid comprising or partially comprising diphenylsiloxane and dimethylsiloxane. In other embodiments, the silicone oil or silicone fluid may comprise or partially comprise a ratio of two dimethylsiloxane units to one diphenylsiloxane unit. In some embodiments, the silicone oil may comprise about 20 mol% diphenylsiloxane and about 80 mol% dimethylsiloxane.

[0126] More specifically, in some embodiments, the silicone oil may comprise diphenyltetramethylcyclotrisiloxane. In other embodiments, the silicone oil or silicone fluid may comprise or be partially composed of a copolymer of diphenylsiloxane and dimethylsiloxane.

[0127] A fluid (e.g., silicone oil) may be index-matched to the lens body material used to manufacture the optical portion 102. When the fluid is index-matched to the lens body material, the entire optical portion 102 containing the fluid acts as a single lens. For example, the fluid may be selected to have a refractive index between about 1.48 and 1.53 (or between about 1.50 and 1.53). In some embodiments, the fluid (e.g., silicone oil) may have a polydispersity index between about 1.2 and 1.3. In other embodiments, the fluid (e.g., silicone oil) may have a polydispersity index between about 1.3 and 1.5. In other embodiments, the fluid (e.g., silicone oil) may have a polydispersity index between about 1.1 and 1.2. Other example fluids are described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2018 / 0153682, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0128] Figure 1B The illustration shows an adjustable static focusing IOL 100 that can be implanted within a natural capsular bag in which the natural lens has been removed. When implanted within the natural capsular bag, the optical portion 102 can be adapted to refract light entering the eye onto the retina. One or more tactile bodies 104 (e.g., a first tactile body 104A and a second tactile body 104B) can be configured to engage the capsular bag to hold the adjustable IOL 100 in the proper position within the capsular bag.

[0129] Figure 2AThe illustration shows a perspective view of the adjustable IOL 100. As previously described, the optical fluid chamber 106 and(one or more) peripheral fluid chambers 108 may be filled with fluid (e.g., silicone oil). The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to change based on the internal fluid pressure within the fluid-filled optical fluid chamber 106.

[0130] The optical portion 102 can also be configured to change shape in response to fluid entering the optical fluid chamber 106. In some embodiments, the front element 200 of the optical portion 102 can be configured to change shape in response to fluid entering or leaving the optical fluid chamber 106. For example, the front element 200 can be configured to increase its curvature in response to fluid entering the optical fluid chamber 106. Furthermore, for example, the front element 200 can be configured to decrease its curvature in response to fluid leaving the optical fluid chamber 106.

[0131] In other embodiments, the rear element 300 of the optical section 102 (see, for example) Figure 3A and Figure 3B The front element 200 and the rear element 300 can be configured to change shape (e.g., increase or decrease their curvature) in response to fluid entering or leaving the optical fluid chamber 106. In other embodiments, both the front element 200 and the rear element 300 can be configured to change shape in response to fluid entering or leaving the optical fluid chamber 106.

[0132] The fundamental power of the optical component 102 can be configured to increase or decrease in response to one or more shape changes experienced by the front element 200, the rear element 300, or a combination thereof. Increasing the curvature of the front element 200, the rear element 300, or a combination thereof increases the fundamental refractive power of the optical component 102, thereby allowing for better near vision. Decreasing the curvature of the front element 200, the rear element 300, or a combination thereof decreases the fundamental refractive power of the optical component 102, thereby allowing for better distance vision.

[0133] For example, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to increase as fluid enters the optical fluid chamber 106 from one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108 (e.g., one or more tactile fluid chambers). Fluid can flow from the peripheral fluid chambers 108 into the optical fluid chamber 106 as the volume of the peripheral fluid chambers 108 decreases in response to the expansion of one or more of the first peripheral components 138. One or more of the first peripheral components 138 can expand in response to external energy 318 directed to the first peripheral components 138.

[0134] Furthermore, for example, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to decrease as fluid leaves or is extracted from the fluid-filled optical fluid chamber 106 into one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108. Fluid can flow from the optical fluid chamber 106 into the peripheral fluid chambers 108 as the volume of the peripheral fluid chambers 108 increases in response to the expansion of one or more of the second peripheral components 140. One or more of the second peripheral components 140 can expand in response to external energy 318 directed to the second peripheral components 140.

[0135] Figure 2B The illustration shows a perspective view of an adjustable IOL 100, with a portion of the front of the adjustable IOL 100 removed to better illustrate the components within the IOL. The adjustable IOL 100 may include a peripheral portion 103 that includes a plurality of peripheral components 136 within one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108. For example, a portion of the peripheral portion 103 may be formed as a peripheral component 136.

[0136] like Figure 2B As shown, the optical fluid chamber 106 can be in fluid communication with each peripheral fluid chamber 108 via a fluid channel 110. The fluid channel 110 can be a conduit or pathway connecting the optical fluid chamber 106 to one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108 or one or more tactile fluid chambers. Although a single fluid channel 110 is shown connecting the optical fluid chamber 106 to each peripheral fluid chamber 108, this disclosure contemplates the possibility of multiple fluid channels (e.g., two fluid channels) connecting the optical fluid chamber 106 to each peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0137] The base focal length of the optical section 102 can be configured to change (e.g., increase or decrease) in response to external energy 318 directed at the peripheral components 136. As previously mentioned, each of the peripheral components 136 can be made of composite material 400.

[0138] As will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, each of the first peripheral components 138 may be configured as space filler 310 (see also, for example, 3A, Figure 3B and Figure 3C The space filler 310 can be configured to expand in response to external energy directed at it. The expansion of the space filler 310 can reduce the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and cause fluid to flow from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 into the optical fluid chamber 106.

[0139] Each of the second peripheral components 140 can be configured as a chamber expander 312 (see also example...) Figure 3B and Figure 3D The chamber expander 312 can be configured to expand in response to external energy directed to the chamber expander 312. The expansion of the chamber expander 312 can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 by expanding the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and causing fluid to flow from the optical fluid chamber 106 into or be drawn out of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0140] The optical fluid chamber 106 and (one or more) peripheral fluid chambers 108 may include or hold a fluid (e.g., silicone oil) having a total fluid volume between about 10 μL and about 20 μL. For example, the optical fluid chamber 106 and (one or more) peripheral fluid chambers 108 may include a fluid (e.g., silicone oil) having a total fluid volume of about 15 μL.

[0141] exist Figure 2B In the illustrated embodiment, the peripheral portion 103 may include a first tactile body 104A and a second tactile body 104B. The first tactile body 104A may have a first tactile fluid chamber and the second tactile body 104B may have a second tactile fluid chamber. Each of the first and second tactile fluid chambers may be considered as one of the peripheral fluid chambers 108. In this embodiment, each of the tactile fluid chambers (e.g., each of the first and second tactile fluid chambers) may include or hold a fluid having a fluid volume between about 0.3 μL and 0.6 μL (or about 0.5 μL).

[0142] In some embodiments, fluid between approximately 10 nanoliters (nL) and 20 nL can be exchanged and displaced between peripheral fluid chambers 108 (e.g., a first tactile fluid chamber or a second tactile fluid chamber) and optical fluid chambers 106 in response to a pulse of external energy 318 directed to one of the peripheral components 136. More specifically, approximately 15 nL of fluid can be exchanged and displaced between one or more peripheral fluid chambers 108 (e.g., a first tactile fluid chamber or a second tactile fluid chamber) and optical fluid chambers 106 in response to a pulse of external energy 318 directed to one of the peripheral components 136.

[0143] In some embodiments, the fundamental power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to vary in the positive or negative direction between about 0.05 diopters (D) and about 0.5D in response to a pulse of external energy 318 of one of the guiding peripheral components 136. For example, the fundamental power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to change by about 0.1D in response to a pulse of external energy 318 of one of the guiding peripheral components 136.

[0144] The change in the base power of the optical component 102 can be a permanent or substantially permanent change. A permanent or substantially permanent change can mean that the peripheral component 136 will not substantially return to its original shape or size after the change has occurred.

[0145] In some embodiments, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to vary in total between about 1.0D and about 2.0D in either the positive or negative direction. In these embodiments, the total power variation can be determined by the total number of peripheral components 136, the size and / or expandability of the peripheral components 136, the chamber volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and / or the optical fluid chamber 106, the volume of oil in such chambers, or a combination thereof.

[0146] In other embodiments, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to vary between approximately 2.0D and approximately 3.0D in total in either the positive or negative direction. In yet another embodiment, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to vary between approximately 3.0D and approximately 5.0D in total in either the positive or negative direction. In still another embodiment, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to vary between approximately 5.0D and approximately 10.0D in total in either the positive or negative direction.

[0147] In some embodiments, the optical portion 102 may have an unfilled or manufactured optical power between approximately 11D and 13D (“zero-power” lens) (i.e., the optical power of the optical portion 102 when the optical fluid chamber 106 is empty or unfilled). For example, the optical portion 102 may have an unfilled or manufactured optical power of approximately 12D. The optical power of the optical portion 102 may increase as the optical fluid chamber 106 is filled with a fluid (e.g., silicone oil).

[0148] The optical fluid chamber 106 can be filled until the base power of the filled optical portion 102 (contributed by both the fluid in the optical portion 102 and the lens surface) is between about 15D (low power IOL) and about 30D (high power IOL). For example, the optical fluid chamber 106 can be filled until the base power of the filled optical portion 102 is about 20D.

[0149] The adjustable IOL 100, implanted in the subject's pocket, can have a base power between about 15D and about 30D (e.g., about 20D). When the adjustable IOL 100 is implanted in the subject's pocket, a clinician or medical professional can direct external energy 318 (e.g., laser) to the peripheral component 136 to increase or decrease the base power of the optical component 102.

[0150] For example, when implanted in a subject's eye, the adjustable IOL 100 can have a base power of approximately 20D. If power correction is desired to increase the lens power, a clinician or medical professional can direct external energy 318 to each of the first peripheral components 138 to progressively increase the base power of the optical component 102 between approximately +0.1D and +0.2D until the final base power is between approximately 21D (a total change of +1.0D) and 22D (a total change of +2.0D).

[0151] In other embodiments, a clinician or medical professional may direct external energy 318 to each of the first peripheral components 138 to progressively increase the base power of the optical portion 102 between approximately +0.1D and +0.2D until the final base power is between approximately 22D (a total change of +2.0D) and 25D (a total change of +5.0D).

[0152] As another example, when implanted in a subject's eye, the adjustable IOL 100 can have a base power of approximately 25D. If power correction is required to reduce the lens power, a clinician or medical professional can direct external energy 318 to each of the second peripheral components 140 to progressively reduce the base power of the optics 102 between approximately -0.1D and -0.2D until the final base power is between approximately 24D (a total change of -1.0D) and 23D (a total change of -2.0D).

[0153] In other embodiments, a clinician or medical professional may direct external energy 318 to each of the second peripheral components 140 to progressively reduce the base power of the optical portion 102 between approximately -0.1D and -0.2D until the final base power is between approximately 23D (a total change of -2.0D) and 20D (a total change of -5.0D).

[0154] In some embodiments, the adjustable IOL 100 may have an optical sensitivity between about 100 nL and 200 nL (e.g., about 150 nL) per diopter fluid displacement. That is, when about 100 nL to 200 nL (e.g., about 150 nL) of fluid is displaced between the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and the optical fluid chamber 106, the fundamental power of the optical portion 102 may change by about 1.0D. As a more specific example, when about 100 nL to 200 nL (e.g., about 150 nL) of fluid enters the optical fluid chamber 106 from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 due to external energy 318 directed to the first peripheral component 138, the fundamental power of the optical portion 102 may increase by +1D. Furthermore, when fluid between approximately 100 nL and 200 nL (e.g., approximately 150 nL) leaves or is extracted from the optical fluid chamber 106 and enters the peripheral fluid chamber 108 due to external energy 318 directed to the second peripheral component 140, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion 102 can be reduced by -1.0D.

[0155] In some embodiments, each of the peripheral fluid chambers 108 may include ten first peripheral components 138 and ten second peripheral components 140. In these embodiments, directing external energy 318 to each of the first peripheral components 138 or each of the second peripheral components 140 may cause a displacement or exchange of fluid between the optical fluid chamber 106 and the peripheral fluid chambers 108 of about 10 nL to 20 nL (e.g., about 15 nL). For example, directing external energy 318 to one of the first peripheral components 138 may cause the first peripheral component 138 to expand and reduce the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 housing the first peripheral component 138. This may cause a flow of fluid between about 10 nL and about 20 nL (e.g., about 15 nL) from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 into the optical fluid chamber 106. Furthermore, for example, directing external energy 318 to one of the second peripheral components 140 may cause the second peripheral component 140 to expand and increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 housing the second peripheral component 140. This can result in approximately 10 nL to approximately 20 nL (e.g., approximately 15 nL) of fluid being drawn from the optical fluid chamber 106 into the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0156] The adjustable IOL 100 can be configured such that the fundamental focal length of the optical section 102 varies between approximately 0.05D and 0.5D due to the fluid exchange or displacement. As a more specific example, in response to the displacement or exchange of approximately 15 nL of fluid between the optical fluid chamber 106 and the peripheral fluid chamber 108, the fundamental focal length of the visual section 102 can be changed by approximately 0.1D.

[0157] Figure 3A The diagram illustrates along Figure 2AA cross-sectional view of the adjustable IOL 100 taken from the AA cross section. The optical part 102 may include a front element 200 and a rear element 300. An optical fluid chamber 106 filled with fluid may be defined between the front element 200 and the rear element 300.

[0158] The front element 200 may include a front optical surface and a front inner surface opposite to the front optical surface. The rear element 300 may include a rear optical surface and a rear inner surface opposite to the rear optical surface. Any one of the front optical surface, the rear optical surface, or a combination thereof may be considered and referred to as an external optical surface. The front inner surface and the rear inner surface may face the optical fluid chamber 106. At least a portion of the front inner surface and at least a portion of the rear inner surface may serve as chamber walls of the optical fluid chamber 106. In some embodiments, the peripheral portion 103 (e.g., the haptic body 104) may be connected to or extend from at least a portion of the rear element 300 of the optical portion 102.

[0159] As will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, the adjustable IOL 100 may have a lens surface profile or pattern (e.g., a beam-splitting lens profile or pattern) defined on an external optical surface. For example, the lens surface profile may include a diffraction surface profile or pattern or a phase-shifting structure or profile. The lens surface profile or pattern may allow the adjustable IOL 100 to be adapted to different uses, such as providing focus for a specific distance (monofocal) or providing focus for multiple distances (multifocal). For example, depending on the lens surface profile or pattern defined on the external optical surface, the adjustable IOL 100 may be configured as an adjustable monofocal IOL, an adjustable multifocal IOL (e.g., an adjustable bifocal or trifocal IOL), or an adjustable extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens.

[0160] Optical portion 102 may be configured to deform, bend, or otherwise change shape in response to fluid entering or leaving optical fluid chamber 106. In some embodiments, front element 200 may be configured to deform, bend, or otherwise change shape (e.g., change its curvature) in response to fluid entering or leaving optical fluid chamber 106. In other embodiments, rear element 300 may be configured to deform, bend, or otherwise change shape (e.g., change its curvature) in response to fluid entering or leaving optical fluid chamber 106. In still embodiments, both front element 200 and rear element 300 may be configured to deform, bend, or otherwise change their shape(s) in response to fluid entering or leaving optical fluid chamber 106. The base power of optical portion 102 may be configured to change in response to shape changes experienced by shape-changing components of optical portion 102 (e.g., front element 200, rear element 300, or a combination thereof).

[0161] The optical portion 102 may be partially made of a deformable or flexible material. In some embodiments, the optical portion 102 may be partially made of a deformable or flexible polymeric material. For example, the front element 200, the rear element 300, or combinations thereof may be partially made of a deformable or flexible polymeric material. At least a portion of the peripheral portion 103, such as one or more tactile elements 104 (e.g., a first tactile element 104A, a second tactile element 104B, or combinations thereof), may be made of the same deformable or flexible material as the optical portion 102. In other embodiments, one or more tactile elements 104 may be partially made of a material different from that of the optical portion 102.

[0162] In some embodiments, portions of the optical portion 102 and the peripheral portion 103 that are not made of composite material 400 may include or be partially made of a polymer or a crosslinked copolymer comprising a copolymer blend.

[0163] For example, in some embodiments, the copolymer blend may comprise alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates, fluoroalkyl (meth)acrylates, phenylalkyl acrylates, or combinations thereof. This disclosure contemplates, and those skilled in the art will understand, that these types of acrylic crosslinked copolymers can generally be copolymers of various acrylates or methacrylates. Unless otherwise stated, the term "acrylate" as used herein may be understood to mean either acrylate or methacrylate.

[0164] For example, portions of the optical portion 102 and the peripheral portion 103 that are not made of composite material 400 may be made of a hydrophobic acrylic material. For example, the hydrophobic acrylic material may include a hydrophobic acrylate / methacrylate copolymer. In some embodiments, the hydrophobic acrylic material may include a combination of styrene acrylate (PEA) and styrene methacrylate (PEMA).

[0165] In one exemplary embodiment, the crosslinking copolymer may comprise about 3% to 20% (wt%) of alkyl acrylate, about 10% to 35% (wt%) of fluoroalkyl acrylate, and about 50% to 80% (wt%) of phenylalkyl acrylate. In some embodiments, the crosslinking copolymer may comprise or be partially composed of n-butyl acrylate as an alkyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate as a fluoroalkyl acrylate, and styrene acrylate as a phenylalkyl acrylate. More specifically, the crosslinking copolymer may comprise about 3% to 20% (wt%) (e.g., between about 12% and 16%) of n-butyl acrylate, about 10% to 35% (wt%) (e.g., between about 17% and 21%) of trifluoroethyl methacrylate, and about 50% to 80% (wt%) (e.g., between about 64% and 67%) of styrene acrylate.

[0166] The final composition of the crosslinked copolymer may also contain a crosslinker or crosslinking agent, such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA). For example, the final composition of the crosslinked copolymer may also contain a crosslinker or crosslinking agent (e.g., EGDMA). The final composition of the crosslinked copolymer may also contain an initiator or initiator (e.g., Perkadox 16, camphorquinone, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, and 2-ethylhexyl-4-(dimethylamino)benzoate) and a UV absorber.

[0167] In some embodiments, the refractive index of the material used to manufacture the optical portion 102 may be between about 1.48 and about 1.53. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the material used to manufacture the optical portion 102 may be between about 1.50 and about 1.53.

[0168] In some embodiments, portions of the optical portion 102 and the peripheral portion 103 that are not made of composite material 400 may include reactive (polymerizable) UV absorbers and reactive blue light absorbers. For example, the reactive UV absorber may be or comprise 2-(2'-hydroxy-3'-methallyl-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole (commercially available from Polysciences, Warrington, Pennsylvania as o-methylallyl Tinuvin P (“oMTP”), 3-(2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-2-yl)-4-hydroxyphenylethyl methacrylate, and 2-(3-(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxy-5-(5-methoxy-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole-2-yl)phenoxy)ethyl methacrylate. In some embodiments, the reactive UV absorber is present in an amount of about 0.1% to 5% (wt%). When present, reactive UV absorbers are typically present in amounts of about 1.5%–2.5% (wt%) or about 1.5%–2% (wt%).

[0169] In some embodiments, the reactive blue light absorbing compound may be those described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,470,932; 8,207,244; and 8,329,775, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. For example, the blue light absorbing dye may be N-2-[3-(2'-methylphenylazo)-4-hydroxyphenyl]ethylmethacrylamide. When present, the blue light absorber is typically present in an amount of about 0.005% to 1% (wt%) or about 0.01% to 0.1% (wt%).

[0170] Figure 3B The diagram illustrates along Figure 2A A cross-sectional view of the adjustable IOL taken from the BB cross section. (See diagram below.) Figure 3B As shown, the peripheral fluid chamber 108 may have a chamber height 302. In some embodiments, the chamber height 302 may be about 0.1 mm. In other embodiments, the chamber height 302 may be between about 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm.

[0171] In other embodiments, the chamber height 302 may be between about 0.3 mm and 1.0 mm. In still other embodiments, the chamber height 302 may be between about 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm.

[0172] Figure 3B The diagram also illustrates that the side surface 111 of the optical portion 102 may have a side height 304 (as measured in the front-to-rear direction). In some embodiments, the side height 304 may be between about 0.50 mm and 0.75 mm. For example, the side height 304 may be about 0.65 mm. In other embodiments, the side height 304 may be between about 0.40 mm and 0.50 mm or between about 0.75 mm and 1.25 mm.

[0173] The peripheral portion 103 may also have a peripheral portion height 306 (also referred to as tactile height or thickness). In some embodiments, the peripheral portion height 306 may be between about 0.50 mm and 0.60 mm. In other embodiments, the peripheral portion height 306 may be between about 0.60 mm and 0.65 mm or between about 0.45 mm and 0.50 mm.

[0174] like Figure 3B As shown, the side height 304 of the side 111 of the optical portion 102 can be greater than the height 306 of the peripheral portion. For example, when the peripheral portion 103 includes one or more tactile bodies, the thickness or height of the tactile bodies (as measured in the front-to-rear direction) can be less than the thickness or height of the optical portion 102 along all segments of the optical portion 102.

[0175] In some embodiments, the height 306 or thickness (in the front-to-rear direction) of the peripheral portion can be substantially uniform, such that no part of the peripheral portion 103 is higher or thicker than any other part of the peripheral portion 103. When the peripheral portion 103 includes a plurality of tactile bodies 104, all tactile bodies 104 can have the same height or thickness.

[0176] Figure 3B The diagram also illustrates that the front element 200 may have a front element thickness 308 (as measured in the front-to-rear direction). In some embodiments, the front element thickness 308 may be between about 0.15 mm and about 0.25 mm. For example, the front element thickness 308 may be about 0.20 mm.

[0177] Figure 3A and Figure 3B The diagram also illustrates that the first peripheral component 138 can be configured as a space filler 310. The space filler 310 can be configured to expand in response to external energy 318 guiding the space filler 310. The expansion of the space filler 310 can reduce the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0178] As a more specific example, the space filler 310 can be implemented as an expandable pad extending from at least one of the front wall 314 and the rear wall 316 of the chamber. The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to increase in response to external energy 318 guiding the space filler 310, thereby causing fluid to be removed from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 due to the increase in volume of the space filler 310.

[0179] Figure 3B The diagram also illustrates that the second peripheral component 140 can be configured as a chamber expander 312. The chamber expander 312 can be configured to expand in response to external energy 318 directed to the chamber expander 312. The expansion of the chamber expander 312 can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0180] As a more specific example, the chamber expander 312 can be implemented as an expandable column extending from the front wall 314 of the chamber to the rear wall 316 of the chamber. Expansion of the expandable column can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108. The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to decrease in response to external energy 318 guiding the expandable column, thereby causing expansion of the chamber expander 312 and an increase in the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0181] Figure 3C The illustration shows that external energy 318 can be directed to the space filler 310 of the adjustable IOL 100 to cause a change in the shape of the space filler 310.

[0182] The first peripheral component 138 may be made of composite material 400. The first peripheral component 138 may be positioned within the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0183] In some embodiments, the composite material 400 used to manufacture the first peripheral component 138 may be cured within the peripheral fluid chamber 108 together with the remaining materials used to construct the peripheral fluid chamber 108. In these embodiments, the first peripheral component 138 may be cured in place within the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0184] In other embodiments, an adhesive may be used to adhere the first peripheral component 138 to the inner wall or surface of the peripheral fluid chamber 108. The adhesive may be cured to secure the first peripheral component 138 to the inner wall or surface of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0185] The first peripheral component 138 can be configured as space filler 310. In some embodiments, space filler 310 can be implemented as an expandable disc-shaped pad (see, for example, see...). Figure 2B , Figure 3A and Figure 3B Although the figures illustrate that the space infill 310 is shaped as a generally flat cylinder or disk, this disclosure contemplates that the space infill 310 may be shaped as a generally sphere, hemisphere, oval, ellipsoid, cuboid or other polyhedron or a combination thereof.

[0186] The space filler 310 may extend from, adhere to, or otherwise couple to the front wall 314 or rear wall 316 of the chamber. In some embodiments, when the peripheral fluid chamber 108 includes a plurality of space fillers 310, at least one of the space fillers 310 may extend from, adhere to, or otherwise couple to the front wall 314 of the chamber, and another of the space fillers 310 may extend from, adhere to, or otherwise couple to the rear wall 316 of the chamber.

[0187] In other embodiments, the space filler 310 may extend from, adhere to, or otherwise couple to the inner sidewall 320 of the cavity.

[0188] like Figure 3C As shown, the space filler 310 can expand in response to a burst of external energy 318 guiding the space filler 310. The expansion of the space filler 310 can reduce the internal volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and displace fluid from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 into the optical fluid chamber 106. The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to increase in response to the external energy 318 guiding the space filler 310.

[0189] Figure 3C The illustration shows that the size of the space filler 310 can be adjusted so that the space filler 310 does not contact the inner wall 320 of the cavity. Figure 3C The illustration also shows that even when the space filler 310 expands in response to external energy 318 guiding the space filler 310, a spacing distance 322 or gap can be maintained between the space filler 310 and each of the inner sidewalls 320 of the cavity. This ensures that the expanded space filler 310 does not cause the outer fluid cavity 108 to expand to a degree that would offset the effect of the expanded space filler 310 on reducing the volume of the outer fluid cavity 108. Furthermore, the front-to-rear height of the space filler 310 can be significantly less than the cavity height 302, such that the expanded space filler 310 does not contact the front wall 314 of the cavity.

[0190] In some embodiments, the external energy 318 can be light energy. More specifically, the external energy 318 can be laser energy. The external energy 318 can be a burst of laser energy.

[0191] In some embodiments, the laser may have a wavelength between about 488 nm and about 650 nm. For example, the laser may be a green laser. A green laser may have a wavelength between about 520 nm and about 570 nm. In one example embodiment, the external energy 318 may be a green laser with a wavelength of about 532 nm.

[0192] For example, the laser could be emitted by an ophthalmic laser. For example, the laser could be emitted by a retinal coagulation laser.

[0193] In some embodiments, the laser can be emitted by a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. As a more specific example, the laser can be a pulsed Nd:YAG laser that operates in Q-switching mode and doubles its frequency to generate a 532 nm laser.

[0194] In other embodiments, the laser can be emitted by a femtosecond laser or an infrared or near-infrared laser. For example, laser emitted by such a laser can have a wavelength between approximately 1030 nm and 1064 nm.

[0195] As will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, when the external energy 318 is light energy, the energy-absorbing component 404 within the composite material 400 (see...) Figure 4A It can absorb or otherwise capture light energy and convert it into heat energy, and transfer the heat energy to the expandable component 406 within the composite material 400 (see...). Figure 4A and Figure 4B This causes the expandable component 406 to expand.

[0196] As previously described, in some embodiments, in response to the expansion of one of the space fillers 310, approximately 15 nL of fluid can flow from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 (through fluid channel 110) into the optical fluid chamber 106. In these and other embodiments, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to change by approximately +0.1D in response to a pulse of external energy 318 guiding one of the space fillers 310.

[0197] Figure 3D The illustration shows that external energy 318 can be directed to the second peripheral component 140 of the adjustable IOL 100 to cause a shape change in the second peripheral component 140.

[0198] The second peripheral component 140 may be made of composite material 400. The second peripheral component 140 may be positioned within the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0199] In some embodiments, the composite material 400 used to manufacture the second peripheral component 140 may be cured within the peripheral fluid chamber 108 together with the remaining materials used to construct the peripheral fluid chamber 108. In these embodiments, the second peripheral component 140 may be cured into place within the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0200] In other embodiments, an adhesive may be used to adhere the second peripheral component 140 to the inner wall or surface of the peripheral fluid chamber 108. The adhesive may be cured to fix the second peripheral component 140 to the inner wall or surface of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0201] The second peripheral component 140 may be configured as a chamber expander 312. In some embodiments, the chamber expander 312 may be implemented as an expandable column extending from the front wall 314 of the chamber to the rear wall 316 of the chamber (see, for example...). Figure 3B Although the figures illustrate a chamber expander 312 shaped as a substantially elongated cylinder, this disclosure envisions that the chamber expander 312 may be shaped as a substantially elongated oval, elongated ellipsoid, elongated cuboid or other polyhedron, cone, truncated cone or combination thereof.

[0202] As a more specific example, the chamber expander 312 can be implemented as an expandable column extending from the front wall 314 of the chamber to the rear wall 316 of the chamber. Expansion of the expandable column can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 by pushing one or both of the inner wall 314 and the rear wall 316 of the chamber to increase the chamber height 302. The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to decrease in response to external energy 318 directed at the expandable column.

[0203] like Figure 3DAs shown, the chamber expander 312 can expand in response to a sudden surge of external energy 318 to guide the chamber expander 312. The expansion of the chamber expander 312 can increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and draw fluid from the optical fluid chamber 106 into the peripheral fluid chamber 108. The base power of the optical section 102 can be configured to decrease in response to the external energy 318 to guide the chamber expander 312.

[0204] The external energy 318 can be the same external energy 318 as previously disclosed. For example, the external energy 318 can be light energy.

[0205] Figure 3D The illustration shows that the dimensions of the chamber expander 312 can be adjusted such that the chamber expander 312 does not contact the internal sidewall 320 of the chamber (even during expansion). This ensures that the enlarged chamber expander 312 expands the peripheral fluid chamber 108 primarily in the front-to-rear direction and does not exert pressure on the radially inner chamber wall 132 (which could subsequently translate into pressure applied to the sides of the optical portion 102, thus unintentionally affecting optical power).

[0206] As previously described, in some embodiments, in response to a pulse of external energy 318 to one of the guide chamber expanders 312, approximately 15 nL of fluid can flow from the optical fluid chamber 106 (through fluid channel 110) into the peripheral fluid chamber 108. In these and other embodiments, the base power of the optical portion 102 can be configured to change by approximately -0.1D in response to the expansion of one of the chamber expanders 312 caused by the external energy 318 to the guide chamber expander 312.

[0207] Although Figure 1A , Figure 1B , Figure 2B and Figure 5 The illustration shows each peripheral fluid chamber 108 (e.g., each tactile fluid chamber) including both space filler 310 and chamber expander 312, but this disclosure contemplates and should be understood by those skilled in the art that each peripheral fluid chamber 108 may also include only space filler 310 or only chamber expander 312.

[0208] One technical challenge faced by the applicant is how to provide clinicians or other medical professionals with the ability to fine-tune the optical power of an implanted IOL in two directions (i.e., to provide clinicians with the ability to increase or decrease the optical power of the implanted IOL postoperatively). One solution discovered by the applicant is the peripheral components disclosed herein, including, for example, space fillers and chamber expanders made of composite materials. As a more specific example, each peripheral fluid chamber (or tactile fluid chamber) may include multiple space fillers, chamber expanders, or both. Each peripheral component can be configured to change the optical portion of the adjustable IOL by approximately 0.1D in response to a burst of external energy directed to the peripheral component.

[0209] Figure 4A This is an illustration of composite material 400, which includes a composite substrate 402, an energy-absorbing component 404, and a plurality of expandable components 406. As previously described, at least a portion of the peripheral portion 103 or components within the peripheral portion 103 may be made of composite material 400.

[0210] The composite substrate 402 may be made of a hydrophobic acrylic material. For example, the composite substrate 402 may be made of styrene acrylate (PEA), styrene methacrylate (PEMA), or a combination thereof.

[0211] In one exemplary embodiment, the composite substrate 402 may comprise a methacrylate-functionalized or methacrylic acid-functionalized crosslinkable polymer and a reactive acrylic monomer diluent, including lauryl methacrylate (dodecyl methacrylate or SR313) and ADMA. By controlling the amount of lauryl methacrylate (SR313) relative to ADMA, the overall corresponding hardness (i.e., more ADMA) or softness (i.e., more SR313) of the cured composite material 400 can be controlled. Methacrylate-functionalized or methacrylic acid-functionalized crosslinkable polymers can be prepared using crosslinkable polymer precursor formulations.

[0212] Crosslinkable polymer precursor formulations can contain the same copolymer blends used to manufacture optical parts and tactile parts.

[0213] The copolymer blend may contain alkyl acrylates or alkyl methacrylates (e.g., n-butyl acrylate), fluoroalkyl (meth)acrylates (e.g., trifluoroethyl methacrylate), and phenylalkyl acrylates (e.g., phenethyl acrylate). For example, the copolymer blend may contain about 41% to about 45% (wt%) of n-butyl acrylate, about 20% to about 24% (wt%) of trifluoroethyl methacrylate, and about 28% to about 32% (wt%) of phenethyl acrylate. The crosslinkable polymer precursor formulation may contain or may be partially composed of the copolymer blend, a hydroxy-functionalized acrylic monomer (e.g., HEA), and a photoinitiator (e.g., Darocur 4265 or a 50 / 50 blend of a diphenyl mixture (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide and 2-hydroxy-2-methylphenylacetone).

[0214] The composite substrate 402 may contain about 50% to about 65% (e.g., about 55% to about 60%) (wt%) of a crosslinkable polymer with methacrylate or methacrylic acid functional (as described above), about 32% to about 38% (e.g., about 32.70%) (wt%) of a reactive acrylic monomer diluent lauryl methacrylate (SR313), and about 5% to about 9% (e.g., about 7.30%) (wt%) of a reactive acrylic monomer diluent methylene acrylate (ADMA).

[0215] Table 1 below provides example formulations for Composite Material 400:

[0216] Table 1: Formulation of Composite Materials (WT%)

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] Composite material 400 can be made in several operations. A first operation may include preparing an uncolored composite substrate 402. A second operation may include mixing composite substrate 402 with an energy-absorbing component 404, an expandable component 406, and an initiator (such as one or more photoinitiators), a thermal initiator, or a combination thereof. A third operation may include placing the uncured composite material 400 into a desired location within the peripheral portion 103 (e.g., the peripheral fluid chamber 108 and / or (one or more) tactile elements 104) and curing the composite material 400 in place.

[0220] For example, the uncolored composite substrate 402 can be mixed with the energy-absorbing component 404, such as a dye (e.g., Disperse Red 1 dye) or a pigment (graphitized carbon black). The energy-absorbing component 404 will be discussed in more detail below.

[0221] In some embodiments, the expandable component 406 may comprise about 5.0% to about 15.0% of the final formulation weight of the composite material 400. More specifically, the expandable component 406 may comprise about 8.0% to about 12.0% (e.g., about 10.0%) of the final formulation weight of the composite material 400 (see Table 1). In these and other embodiments, the energy-absorbing component 404 may comprise about 0.044% to about 0.44% (or about 0.55%) of the final formulation weight of the composite material 400.

[0222] The photoinitiator may be Omnirad 2022 (bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide / 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-prop-1-one). The photoinitiator may constitute about 1.30% by weight of the final formulation of composite material 400 (see, for example, Table 1). Additionally, composite material 400 may also include a thermal initiator. The thermal initiator may constitute about 1.00% by weight of the final formulation of composite material 400 (see, for example, Table 1). In some embodiments, the thermal initiator may be a dialkyl peroxide, such as... Peroxide. In other embodiments, the thermal initiator may be Perkadox.

[0223] In some embodiments, an energy-absorbing component (e.g., a dye or pigment) may be positioned adjacent to or adjacent to the uncolored composite substrate 402. In this embodiment, the energy-absorbing component 404 may absorb external energy 318 (e.g., laser energy), convert the energy into heat, and conduct the energy to the composite substrate 402 to cause the composite substrate 402 to expand. An additional benefit of this approach is that the energy-absorbing component 404 can be manufactured more discretely, making it easier for clinicians or surgeons to target with lasers or other external energy 318.

[0224] Figure 4B The diagram illustrates that the expandable component 406 may be expandable microspheres, comprising an expandable thermoplastic shell 408 and a foaming agent 410 contained within the expandable thermoplastic shell 408. The microspheres may be configured to expand such that the diameter 412 of at least one of the microspheres may increase by about 2 times the original diameter. In other embodiments, the microspheres may be configured to expand such that the diameter 412 of at least one of the microspheres may increase by about 4 times or four times the original diameter. In still other embodiments, the microspheres may be configured to expand such that the diameter 412 of at least one of the microspheres may increase between about 2 times and about 4 times (or about 3.5 times) the original diameter. For example, the microspheres may initially have a diameter 412 of about 12 μm. In response to external energy applied to or directed to the composite material 400, or in response to energy transferred or transmitted to the microspheres, the diameter 412 of the microspheres may increase to about 40 μm.

[0225] The volume of at least one of the microspheres can be configured to expand by about ten times (10X) to about 50 times (50X) in response to external energy applied to or directed to the composite material 400 or in response to energy transferred or transmitted to the microspheres.

[0226] In some embodiments, the blowing agent 410 may be an expandable fluid, such as an expandable gas. More specifically, the blowing agent 410 may be a branched hydrocarbon. For example, the blowing agent 410 may be isopentane. In other embodiments, the blowing agent 410 may be or include cyclopentane, pentane, or a mixture of cyclopentane, pentane, and isopentane.

[0227] The expandable component 406 may contain varying amounts of foaming agent 410. For example, some expandable components 406 may contain more or more amounts of foaming agent (e.g., more expandable gas) to allow such expandable components 406 to expand more, resulting in greater expansion of the composite material 400 including such expandable components 406.

[0228] Figure 4B Each of the expandable components 406 illustrated may include a thermoplastic shell 408. Figure 4B The diagram also illustrates that the thickness of the thermoplastic shell 408 can change as the size of the expandable component 406 increases. More specifically, the thickness of the thermoplastic shell 408 can decrease as the size of the expandable component 406 increases. For example, when the expandable component 406 is an expandable microsphere, the thickness of the thermoplastic shell 408 (i.e., its thickness in the radial direction) can decrease as the diameter 412 of the expandable microsphere increases.

[0229] For example, as previously described, at least one of the expandable microspheres may initially have a diameter 412 of about 12 μm. In this embodiment, the thermoplastic shell 408 of the expandable microsphere may have a shell thickness of about 2.0 μm. In response to external energy applied to or directed to the composite material 400, or in response to energy transferred or transmitted to the microsphere, the diameter 412 of the microsphere may increase to about 40 μm (and the volume expands between about 10X and 50X) and the shell thickness of the microsphere may decrease to about 0.1 μm.

[0230] Although Figure 4A and Figure 4B The expandable component 406 is illustrated as a sphere or microsphere, but this disclosure contemplates that the expandable component 406 may be substantially shaped as an oval, ellipsoid, cuboid or other polyhedron, or a combination thereof.

[0231] In some embodiments, the thermoplastic shell 408 may be made in part from a nitrile or an acrylonitrile copolymer. For example, the thermoplastic shell 408 may be made in part from acrylonitrile, styrene, butadiene, methyl acrylate, or combinations thereof.

[0232] As previously stated, the expandable component 406 may constitute approximately 8.0% to approximately 12% by weight of the final formulation of the composite material 400. The expandable component 406 may constitute approximately 10% by weight of the final formulation of the composite material 400.

[0233] The expandable component 406 may be dispersed or otherwise distributed within the composite substrate 402 constituting the main body of the composite material 400. The composite substrate 402 may serve as a matrix for holding or supporting the expandable component 406. The composite material 400 may expand in response to the expansion of the expandable component 406 (e.g., thermoplastic microspheres). For example, the volume of the composite material 400 may increase in response to the expansion of the expandable component 406.

[0234] The composite material 400 also includes an energy-absorbing component 404. In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing component 404 may be an energy-absorbing colorant.

[0235] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing colorant may be an energy-absorbing dye. For example, the energy-absorbing dye may be an azo dye. In some embodiments, the azo dye may be a red azo dye, such as Disperse Red 1. In other embodiments, the azo dye may be an orange azo dye, such as Disperse Orange (e.g., Disperse Orange 1), a yellow azo dye, such as Disperse Yellow (e.g., Disperse Yellow 1), a blue azo dye, such as Disperse Blue (e.g., Disperse Blue 1), or a combination thereof.

[0236] In another embodiment, the energy-absorbing colorant may be or may contain a pigment. For example, the energy-absorbing colorant may be or may contain graphitized carbon black as a pigment.

[0237] Similar to the expandable component 406, the energy-absorbing component 404 may be dispersed or otherwise distributed in the composite substrate 402 that constitutes the main body of the composite material 400. The composite substrate 402 may be used as a matrix for holding or supporting the expandable component 406 and the energy-absorbing component 404.

[0238] As previously stated, the energy-absorbing component 404 may constitute from about 0.025% to about 1.0% (or more specifically, from about 0.045% to about 0.45%) of the final formulation of the composite material 400. For example, when the energy-absorbing component 404 is a dye (e.g., an azo dye, such as Disperse Red 1), the energy-absorbing component 404 may constitute between about 0.45% and about 1.0% of the final formulation of the composite material 400. When the energy-absorbing component 404 is graphitized carbon black or other types of pigment, the energy-absorbing component 404 may constitute from about 0.025% to about 0.045% of the final formulation of the composite material 400.

[0239] Energy-absorbing component 404 (e.g., azo dye, graphitized carbon black, or a combination thereof) can absorb or capture external energy applied to or directed to composite material 400. Energy-absorbing component 404 can absorb or capture external energy and then convert or transfer the energy into heat or thermal energy to expandable component 406.

[0240] When heat is transferred or carried to the expandable component 406, the thermoplastic shell 408 can soften and begin to flow. The thermoplastic shell 408 of the expandable component 406 can then begin to thin or decrease in thickness in response to the heat transferred or carried to the expandable component 406. As the thermoplastic shell 408 begins to soften and decrease in thickness, the foaming agent 410 within the expandable component 406 can expand. The foaming agent 410 can also expand in response to the heat or heat carried or carried to the expandable component 406. The expansion of the foaming agent 410 can cause the expandable component 406 (e.g., thermoplastic microspheres) to expand or increase in volume. This ultimately results in the composite material 400 expanding or increasing in volume.

[0241] The composite material 400 can expand or increase in size in an isotropic manner, such that the composite material 400 expands in all directions. This isotropic expansion can be used to produce expansion or material displacement in a specific direction by placing or positioning the composite material 400 at a specific location within the peripheral fluid chamber 108 along one or more of the tactile bodies 104 or optical portions 102 of the adjustable IOL 100.

[0242] As will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, in some embodiments, the external energy may be light energy, and the energy-absorbing component 404 may absorb or capture the light energy of the guiding composite material 400 and convert or transfer the light energy into heat energy or heat to the expandable component 406. The foaming agent 410 within the expandable component 406 may expand or become energized in response to the heat energy or heat. In response to this light energy of the guiding composite material 400, the expandable component 406 and the final composite material 400 may expand or increase in volume.

[0243] Shape changes (e.g., volume increases) experienced by the expandable component 406 can be persistent or substantially persistent. A persistent or substantially persistent change can mean that after a shape change (e.g., following a volume increase) occurs, the expandable component 406 does not substantially revert to its original shape or size. Therefore, any changes in the size or volume of the composite material 400 caused by changes in the size or volume of the expandable component 406 are also persistent or substantially persistent. As will be discussed in more detail in the following sections, this means that any structural changes to the adjustable IOL 100 due to external energy or stimuli applied or otherwise directed to the composite material 400 embedded in or integrated within the adjustable IOL 100 can be persistent or substantially permanent.

[0244] When external energy is no longer directed or applied to the composite material 400, the thermoplastic shell 408 of the expandable component 406 can harden again. For example, the thermoplastic shell 408 can harden again when the temperature in the vicinity of the expandable component 406 drops below a certain threshold. For example, the thermoplastic shell 408 of the expandable microspheres can harden when light energy is no longer directed to the composite material 400. After the thermoplastic shell 408 hardens, the expandable components 406 are locked into their new dimensions and expanded configuration.

[0245] When the energy-absorbing component 404 is an energy-absorbing colorant, such as a dye or graphitized carbon, at least a portion of the composite material 400 may exhibit the color of the energy-absorbing colorant. For example, when the energy-absorbing component 404 is an azo dye, such as Disperse Red 1 with a red hue, at least a portion of the composite material 400 containing the energy-absorbing component 404 may be colored red. Furthermore, when the energy-absorbing component 404 is graphitized carbon with a black hue, at least a portion of the composite material 400 containing the energy-absorbing component 404 may be colored black. Although two colors (e.g., red and black) are mentioned in this disclosure, this disclosure contemplates and should be understood by those skilled in the art that other types of energy-absorbing colorants, such as energy-absorbing yellow, orange, or blue dyes or materials, may also be used.

[0246] When at least a portion of the adjustable IOL 100 is made of a composite material 400 containing an energy-absorbing colorant, the color of the energy-absorbing colorant can be visually perceptible to a clinician or other medical professional. When the adjustable IOL 100 is implanted in a patient's eye, the color of the energy-absorbing colorant is visually perceptible to a clinician or other medical professional. For example, the composite material 400 may include Disperse Red 1 as an energy-absorbing colorant. In this example, when the adjustable IOL 100 is implanted in a patient's eye, at least a portion of the adjustable IOL 100 may appear red to a clinician or another medical professional.

[0247] The color of the energy-absorbing colorant allows clinicians or other medical professionals to detect or determine the location or position of the composite material 400 within the adjustable IOL 100. The color of the energy-absorbing colorant also allows clinicians or other medical professionals to determine where to direct external energy or stimuli to the adjustable IOL 100.

[0248] One technical problem faced by the applicant is how to integrate a composite material into the peripheral portion (e.g., a haptic body) of an adjustable IOL such that the composite material adheres to the material used to manufacture the rest of the adjustable IOL and remains substantially fixed at certain locations within the peripheral portion. One solution discovered by the applicant and disclosed herein is the unique composition of the composite material 400, which incorporates the same copolymer blend used to manufacture the rest of the lens. By designing the adjustable IOL in this way, the composite material 400 is compatible with the rest of the material used to construct the peripheral portion and remains substantially fixed at its location without migration or displacement.

[0249] Another technical problem faced by the applicant is how to ensure that any adjustments made to the adjustable IOL persist for an extended period after the adjustment procedure. One solution discovered by the applicant and disclosed herein is to induce expansion in a composite material partially composed of expandable microspheres comprising a foaming agent contained within a thermoplastic shell. The thermoplastic shell can soften (and its thickness can decrease) in response to external energy directed or applied to the composite material (which can result in heat or thermal energy being transferred or transported to the expandable microspheres). The foaming agent within the thermoplastic shell expands as the shell softens. This expansion of the foaming agent causes the microspheres to expand, which in turn expands the composite substrate used as the body of the composite material. Even after external energy is no longer applied to the composite material, the expandable microspheres can maintain their newly expanded or inflated configuration.

[0250] Furthermore, the energy-absorbing component of the composite material 400 can capture or absorb relatively harmless external energy or stimuli directed towards the composite material, converting or transferring the external energy into heat energy, which can then cause the thermoplastic microspheres to expand. By designing the adjustable IOL 100 in this way, a burst of relatively harmless energy or stimuli (e.g., light energy) can be used to cause a continuous change in the shape or size of at least a portion of the adjustable IOL 100. This continuous change in the shape or size of the adjustable IOL 100 will have a continuous effect on the optical parameters of the lens, including, for example, its fundamental power.

[0251] Figure 5 The illustration shows a top plan view of another embodiment of the adjustable static focusing IOL 100, in which a portion of the front of the adjustable IOL 100 has been removed to better illustrate the components within the IOL. Figure 5As shown, the first peripheral component 138 may be made of a first composite material containing a first energy-absorbing component having a first color, and the second peripheral component 140 may be made of a second composite material containing a second energy-absorbing component having a second color different from the first color. This color difference may be visually perceptible to a clinician or other medical professional, and may allow a clinician or other medical professional to visually distinguish between the two types of peripheral components 136.

[0252] For example, the first energy-absorbing component could be an energy-absorbing dye. As a more specific example, the energy-absorbing dye could be an azo dye, such as a red azo dye (e.g., Disperse Red 1 dye). In this example, the second energy-absorbing component could be another energy-absorbing dye, such as a yellow azo dye or another light-colored dye.

[0253] In other examples, the first energy-absorbing component may be or include a pigment, such as graphitized carbon black (which exhibits a black color). In these embodiments, the second energy-absorbing component may be an energy-absorbing dye (e.g., a red azo dye).

[0254] In another example, the second energy-absorbing component may be or include a pigment, such as graphitized carbon black (which exhibits a black color). In these embodiments, the first energy-absorbing component may be an energy-absorbing dye (e.g., a red azo dye).

[0255] In other embodiments, the first composite material and the second composite material may be made in part from the same energy-absorbing component or colorant, but contain different amounts or weight percentages of such component or colorant.

[0256] In some embodiments, a first peripheral component 138 made of a first composite material (and having a first color) may expand or change shape in response to a first type of external energy directed to the first composite material (e.g., light energy between 520 nm and 540 nm), and a second peripheral component 140 made of a second composite material (and having a second color different from the first color) may expand in response to a second type of external energy directed to the second composite material (e.g., light energy between 600 nm and 650 nm).

[0257] By designing the adjustable IOL 100 in this way, clinicians or other medical professionals can use the different colors of the composite material as guides or markers to direct external energy or stimuli along different target sites along the peripheral portion 103. Furthermore, the differently colored composite material can also serve as an indicator or visual cue to show where external energy or stimuli should be directed to cause certain changes in the fundamental focal length of the optical portion 102.

[0258] For example, the adjustable IOL 100 can be configured such that the base power of the adjustable IOL 100 can be adjusted in a first manner (e.g., the base power can be increased) by directing or otherwise applying external energy to a first peripheral component 138 made of a first composite material (having a first color). The base power of the adjustable IOL 100 can also be adjusted in a second manner (e.g., the base power can be decreased) by directing or otherwise applying additional bursts or pulses of external energy to a second peripheral component 140 made of a second composite material (having a second color different from the first color).

[0259] Figure 6 A top plan view of another embodiment of the adjustable IOL 100 is illustrated, wherein the optical portion 102 includes a beam-splitting lens surface profile 600. The peripheral portion 103 of the adjustable IOL 100 is shown in dashed lines to emphasize the optical portion 102.

[0260] One technical problem faced by the applicant is how to design a liquid-filled IOL that can be used by patients seeking different types of vision support (e.g., near vision, intermediate vision, far vision, etc.). One solution discovered by the applicant is the adjustable IOL disclosed herein, in which different lens surface profiles can be defined on the external optical surface (e.g., the anterior optical surface) of the optical portion, which are both rotationally symmetric and toric to correct astigmatism, thereby allowing the same adjustable IOL structure to be adapted as an adjustable monofocal IOL, an adjustable bifocal IOL, an adjustable trifocal IOL, or an adjustable EDOFIOL in both toric and non-toric shapes.

[0261] like Figure 6 As shown, the optical portion 102 of the adjustable IOL 100 may include a beam-splitting lens surface profile 600 defined on the lens surface of the optical portion 102. In some embodiments, the beam-splitting lens surface profile 600 may include a central diffraction region or structure comprising a plurality of diffraction regions or diffraction orders. In these and other embodiments, the width of the diffraction region may decrease radially outward, such that the width of the region at the periphery of the lens is smaller than the width of the region near the central portion of the lens.

[0262] The beam-splitting lens surface profile 600 can split light into multiple focal points (faci) or facal points. In these embodiments, the adjustable IOL 100 can be considered an adjustable multi-focal IOL or an unmodulated fluid-adjustable multi-focal IOL. Even though the beam-splitting lens surface profile 600 can split light into multiple focal points or facal points, each such facal point is static and the fluid-adjustable multi-focal IOL is considered unmodulated.

[0263] In some embodiments, the beam-splitting lens surface profile 600 can be configured to split light into two focal points (e.g., thereby allowing near and far vision). In these embodiments, the adjustable IOL 100 can be considered an adjustable bifocal IOL or an unmodulated fluid-adjustable bifocal IOL. In these embodiments, even if the beam-splitting lens surface profile 600 can split light into two focal points, each such focal point is static and the fluid-adjustable bifocal IOL is considered unmodulated.

[0264] The beam-splitting lens surface profile 600 can also be configured to split light into three focal points (e.g., thereby allowing near vision, intermediate vision, and far vision). In these embodiments, the adjustable IOL 100 can be considered as an adjustable trifocal IOL or a non-modulated fluid adjustable trifocal IOL.

[0265] exist Figure 6 In other embodiments not shown, the optical portion 102 of the adjustable IOL 100 may have a uniformly curved (e.g., spherical) lens surface or an aspherical lens surface that provides focusing capability for a single distance. In these embodiments, the adjustable IOL 100 may be considered an adjustable monofocal IOL or a non-modulated fluid adjustable monofocal IOL.

[0266] exist Figure 6 In additional embodiments not shown, the optical portion 102 of the adjustable IOL 100 may have a lens surface profile or pattern configured to provide extended depth of focus or a single elongated focal point. In these embodiments, the adjustable IOL 100 may be considered an adjustable extended depth of focus (EDOF) IOL or a non-modulated fluid adjustable EDOFIOL.

[0267] This disclosure envisions that the unique peripheral portion 103 disclosed herein can be compatible with optical portions 102 including various lens surface profiles. Therefore, directing external energy (e.g., laser) into the peripheral portion 103 via one or more peripheral components 136 made of composite material 400 can adjust the focusing capability or focusing length provided by such lens surface profiles.

[0268] Any of the adjustable single-focus IOL, adjustable multi-focus IOL, and adjustable EDOF IOL can include a toric lens profile.

[0269] Figure 7This is one embodiment of a method 700 for postoperative adjustment of the IOL 100. Method 700 may include, in operation 702, increasing the base power of the IOL 100 by directing external energy 318 to a composite material 400 configured to be positioned within a space filler 310 defined within a peripheral fluid chamber 108 of the peripheral portion 103 of the IOL 100. Method 700 may also include, in operation 704, decreasing the base power by directing external energy 318 to another instance of the composite material 400 configured to be positioned within a chamber expander 312 of the peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0270] Figure 8 This is another embodiment of method 800 for postoperative adjustment of IOL 100. Method 800 may include adjusting the base focal length of IOL 100 in operation 802 by directing a pulse of external energy 318 into a first peripheral component 138 confined within a peripheral fluid chamber 108 within a peripheral portion 103 of IOL 100. Method 800 may further include adjusting the base focal length in operation 804 by directing an additional pulse of external energy 318 into a second peripheral component 140 within the same peripheral fluid chamber 108.

[0271] For example, the first peripheral component 138 can be a space filler 310, and directing external energy 318 to the space filler 310 can cause the space filler 310 to expand and reduce the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108, and cause fluid to be displaced from the peripheral fluid chamber 108 into the optical fluid chamber 106 (thereby increasing the base power of the optical portion 102). The second peripheral component 140 can be a chamber expander 312, and directing external energy 318 to the chamber expander 312 can cause the chamber expander 312 to expand and increase the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108, and cause fluid to be drawn from the optical fluid chamber 106 into the peripheral fluid chamber 108 (thereby reducing the base power of the optical portion 102).

[0272] Alternatively, external energy 318 may first be directed to chamber expander 312 to reduce the base power of optical section 102, and then external energy 318 may subsequently be directed to space filler 310 to increase the base power of optical section 102.

[0273] Figure 9This is yet another embodiment of method 900 for postoperative adjustment of IOL 100. Method 900 may include adjusting the base focal length of IOL 100 in operation 902 by directing a pulse of external energy into a first peripheral component 138 within a first (e.g., a first tactile fluid chamber) of a peripheral fluid chamber 108 confined within the peripheral portion 103 of IOL 100. Method 900 may also include adjusting the base focal length of IOL 100 in operation 904 by directing an additional pulse of external energy into a second peripheral component 140 or another instance of the first peripheral component 138 within a second (e.g., a second tactile fluid chamber) of the peripheral chamber 108 of the peripheral portion 103 of IOL 100.

[0274] The first peripheral component 138 can be a space filler 310, and directing external energy 318 to the space filler 310 can cause the space filler 310 to expand and reduce the volume of the first peripheral fluid chamber, displacing fluid from the first peripheral fluid chamber into the optical fluid chamber 106 (thereby increasing the base power of the optical section 102). The second peripheral component 140 can be a chamber expander 312, and directing external energy 318 to the chamber expander 312 can cause the chamber expander 312 to expand and increase the volume of the second peripheral fluid chamber, drawing fluid from the optical fluid chamber 106 into the second peripheral fluid chamber (thereby reducing the base power of the optical section 102).

[0275] In some embodiments, pulses of external energy 318 can be directed to a chamber expander 312 within a first peripheral fluid chamber to reduce the base power of the optical portion 102, and additional pulses of external energy 318 can be directed to a space filler 310 within a second peripheral fluid chamber to increase the base power of the optical portion 102.

[0276] Figure 10 This is another embodiment of method 1000 for postoperative adjustment of IOL 100. Method 1000 may include adjusting the base power of IOL 100 in a first direction by directing external energy 318 to a first composite material in operation 1002. The first composite material may include a first energy-absorbing component having a first color. Method 1000 may also include adjusting the base power of IOL 100 in a second direction by directing external energy to a second composite material in operation 1004. The second composite material may include a second energy-absorbing component having a second color different from the first color.

[0277] For example, the first composite material can be formed as a space filler 310. In this example, the first energy-absorbing component of the first composite material can be an azo dye having a first color (e.g., red). Furthermore, in this example, the second composite material can be formed as a chamber expander 312, and the second energy-absorbing component of the second composite material can be an energy-absorbing pigment, such as graphitized carbon black, or an azo dye having a second color (e.g., blue or yellow) different from the first color.

[0278] In other embodiments, the first composite material may be formed as a chamber expander 312, and the first energy-absorbing component of the first composite material may be an azo dye having a first color (e.g., red). In these embodiments, the second composite material may be formed as a space filler 310, and the second energy-absorbing component of the second composite material may be an energy-absorbing pigment, such as graphitized carbon black, or an azo dye having a second color (e.g., blue or yellow) different from the first color.

[0279] In one or more methods disclosed herein, adjusting the fundamental power of the IOL 100 may include adjusting the fundamental power of the optical portion 102 between approximately ±0.05D and approximately ±0.50D by directing a pulse of external energy 318 to the composite material 400 to cause the composite material 400 to expand. For example, adjusting the fundamental power of the IOL 100 may include adjusting the fundamental power of the optical portion 102 between approximately ±0.10D by directing a pulse of external energy 318 to the composite material 400 to cause the composite material 400 to expand.

[0280] For example, in response to fluid displacement or exchange between the optical fluid chamber 106 and one of the peripheral fluid chambers 108 due to a volume change in the peripheral fluid chamber 108, the fundamental power of the optical component 102 can be adjusted between approximately ±0.05D and approximately ±0.50D. The volume change in the peripheral fluid chamber 108 is due to the expansion of the peripheral component 136 caused by a pulse of external energy 318 guiding the peripheral component 136. As a more specific example, in response to fluid entering the optical fluid chamber 106 from one of the peripheral fluid chambers 108 due to a volume decrease in the peripheral fluid chamber 108, the fundamental power of the optical component 102 can be increased between approximately +0.05D and approximately +0.50D. The volume decrease in the peripheral fluid chamber 108 is due to the expansion of the first peripheral component 138 caused by a pulse of external energy 318 guiding the first peripheral component 138. As another more specific example, in response to fluid leaving the optical fluid chamber 106 and entering one of the peripheral fluid chambers 108 due to the increase in volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion 102 can be reduced by about -0.05D to about -0.50D. The increase in volume of the peripheral fluid chamber 108 is due to the expansion of the second peripheral component 140 caused by the pulse of external energy 318 directed to the second peripheral component 140.

[0281] In one or more methods disclosed herein, adjusting the base power of the IOL 100 may include adjusting the base power of the IOL 100 in total between about ±1.0D and about ±2.0D by directing pulses of external energy 318 to a plurality of peripheral components 136.

[0282] In one or more methods disclosed herein, directing external energy 318 to the composite material may further include directing light energy to the composite material 400. For example, directing external energy 318 to the composite material 400 may further include directing a laser to the composite material 400. As a more specific example, directing external energy 318 to the composite material 400 may further include directing a green laser to the composite material 400.

[0283] In one or more methods disclosed herein, directing external energy 318 to composite material 400 may include a laser-directing composite material 400 having a wavelength between about 488 nm and about 650 nm. In other embodiments, directing external energy 318 to composite material 400 may further include a laser-directing composite material 400 having a wavelength between about 946 nm and about 1120 nm.

[0284] One drawback of currently available tunable IOLs (such as dimmable lenses) is that tuning procedures take time to become effective, may require multiple visits to the clinician's office, and clinicians must frequently purchase expensive new equipment for such procedures. One advantage of the statically focused adjustable IOL 100 disclosed herein is that it allows postoperative refractive error correction to be performed in seconds rather than hours. This allows patients to provide feedback on their refractive error correction almost immediately. Furthermore, the IOL 100 disclosed herein can be tuned using commercially available lasers commonly found in most clinician offices (e.g., 532nm photocoagulation lasers). Additionally, patients do not need to wear UV-blocking glasses during healing and can have refractive error correction performed months or even years after the initial implantation procedure.

[0285] This document discloses an intraocular lens comprising: an optical portion; a peripheral portion coupled to the optical portion; wherein the peripheral portion comprises a composite material including an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components, wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to change in response to external energy directed to the composite material, and wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to not respond to forces applied to the peripheral portion by the capsular bag when the intraocular lens is implanted within the capsular bag.

[0286] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which the expandable component is an expandable microsphere, and wherein each expandable microsphere comprises a foaming agent contained within a thermoplastic shell.

[0287] As disclosed herein, the thickness of the thermoplastic shell is configured to change in response to external energy directed onto the composite material.

[0288] As disclosed in this article, the foaming agent in the intraocular lens is a branched hydrocarbon.

[0289] As disclosed in this article, the intraocular lens contains isopentane as a branched hydrocarbon.

[0290] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens has a thermoplastic shell partially made of an acrylonitrile copolymer.

[0291] As disclosed herein, in an intraocular lens, the diameter of at least one of the expandable microspheres is configured to increase by about 2X to about 4X in response to external energy directed onto the composite material.

[0292] As disclosed herein, the volume of at least one of the expandable components is configured to expand by about 10X to 50X in response to external energy directed on the composite material.

[0293] As disclosed herein, in intraocular lenses, expandable components account for approximately 5% to approximately 15% of the weight of the composite material.

[0294] As disclosed in this paper, the expandable component accounts for approximately 10% of the weight of the composite material in the intraocular lens.

[0295] As disclosed in this paper, the energy-absorbing component of the intraocular lens is an energy-absorbing colorant.

[0296] As disclosed in this paper, the color of the energy-absorbing colorant is visually perceptible when the intraocular lens is implanted in the eye.

[0297] As disclosed in this article, the energy-absorbing colorant in the intraocular lens is a dye.

[0298] The intraocular lens disclosed in this article uses an azo dye.

[0299] The intraocular lens disclosed herein uses Disperse Red 1 dye.

[0300] As disclosed in this article, the energy-absorbing colorant is an energy-absorbing pigment.

[0301] As disclosed in this article, the energy-absorbing pigment in the intraocular lens is graphitized carbon black.

[0302] As disclosed herein, the energy-absorbing component comprises approximately 0.025% to approximately 1.00% of the weight of the composite material.

[0303] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens wherein the peripheral portion is partially made of a crosslinked copolymer comprising a copolymer blend, and wherein the composite material is partially made of a copolymer blend.

[0304] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a composite material is cured into a crosslinked copolymer at a location within the peripheral portion, and wherein the composite material remains substantially fixed at that location.

[0305] As disclosed herein, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion is configured to vary between approximately ±0.05D and approximately ±0.5D in response to a pulse of external energy directed at the composite material.

[0306] As disclosed herein, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion is configured to change by approximately 0.1D in response to a pulse of external energy directed at the composite material.

[0307] As disclosed herein, the fundamental power of the optical portion of the intraocular lens is configured to vary in total between approximately ±1.0D and approximately ±2.0D.

[0308] As disclosed in this article, the change in the basic focal power of intraocular lenses is a continuous change.

[0309] As disclosed in this article, the external energy in an intraocular lens is light energy.

[0310] As disclosed in this article, the light energy in the intraocular lens is laser light.

[0311] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens contains a laser with a wavelength between approximately 488 nm and approximately 650 nm.

[0312] The intraocular lens disclosed in this article uses a green laser.

[0313] As disclosed in this article, the intraocular lens contains a green laser with a wavelength of approximately 532 nm.

[0314] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens contains a laser with a wavelength between approximately 946 nm and approximately 1120 nm.

[0315] As disclosed in this article, the intraocular lens contains a laser with a wavelength of approximately 1030 nm.

[0316] As disclosed in this paper, the intraocular lens contains a laser with a wavelength between approximately 1030 nm and 1064 nm.

[0317] As disclosed in this article, the intraocular lens in which the laser is emitted by a femtosecond laser.

[0318] As disclosed in this paper, the intraocular lens in which the laser is emitted by a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser.

[0319] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which an energy-absorbing component is configured to transfer thermal energy to the plurality of expandable components in response to external energy of the guiding composite material.

[0320] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens is formed of composite material into discrete peripheral components such that directing external energy to one discrete peripheral component causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component, and directing external energy to another discrete peripheral component also causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component.

[0321] As disclosed in this article, the intraocular lens has a peripheral portion comprising 20 to 40 peripheral components.

[0322] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens includes an optical portion comprising an optical fluid chamber and a peripheral portion comprising at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber.

[0323] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens has a curved peripheral fluid chamber that follows the curvature of the optical portion.

[0324] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens has a peripheral fluid chamber with a chamber height, wherein the chamber height is between about 0.1 mm and about 0.3 mm.

[0325] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a composite material is configured as a chamber expander, wherein the chamber expander is configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the chamber expander, and wherein the expansion of the chamber expander increases the volume of a peripheral fluid chamber.

[0326] As disclosed herein, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion is configured to decrease in response to external energy from the guide chamber expander.

[0327] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a chamber expander is configured as an expandable column extending from the anterior wall of the chamber to the posterior wall of the chamber.

[0328] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a composite material is configured as a space filler, wherein the space filler is configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the space filler, and wherein the expansion of the space filler reduces the volume of a peripheral fluid chamber.

[0329] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens contains a space filler configured as a pad extending from the anterior or posterior wall of the chamber.

[0330] As disclosed herein, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion is configured to increase in response to external energy in the guide space filler.

[0331] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which the base power is configured to change in response to fluid displacement between the optical fluid chamber and the peripheral fluid chamber due to external energy of the guiding composite material.

[0332] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a peripheral portion is configured as at least one tactile body, wherein a peripheral fluid chamber is defined within the tactile body, and wherein the peripheral fluid chamber extends only partially into the tactile body.

[0333] As disclosed herein, in an intraocular lens, the at least one tactile body includes a proximal tactile portion and a distal tactile portion, wherein the distal tactile portion includes a distal tactile arm that is not attached to an optical portion except via the proximal tactile portion.

[0334] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens has a tactile distal arm that includes a kink or bend.

[0335] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a peripheral fluid chamber is defined within a tactile proximal portion, wherein the chamber segment of the tactile proximal portion is not connected to an optical portion.

[0336] As disclosed herein, in an intraocular lens, wherein at least one tactile body is connected to an optical portion at a proximal end of the tactile body and at a distal connection portion located at a distance from the ventral segment.

[0337] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which the proximal end of a tactile body is connected to and extends from the side of an optical portion, wherein the side has a lateral height of approximately 0.65 mm.

[0338] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens wherein the peripheral portion is configured as a first tactile body including a first tactile fluid chamber and a second tactile body including a second tactile fluid chamber, and wherein the optical portion includes an optical fluid chamber.

[0339] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens wherein a first tactile fluid chamber is in fluid communication with an optical fluid chamber via a first fluid channel, wherein a second tactile fluid chamber is in fluid communication with an optical fluid chamber via a second fluid channel, and wherein the first fluid channel is positioned radially opposite to the second fluid channel.

[0340] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens includes an optical fluid chamber, a first tactile fluid chamber, and a second tactile fluid chamber comprising a fluid with a total fluid volume between about 10 μL and about 20 μL.

[0341] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens, wherein each of the first and second tactile fluid chambers comprises approximately 0.5 μL of fluid.

[0342] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which approximately 15 nL of fluid is exchanged between a first tactile fluid chamber and a second tactile fluid chamber and an optical fluid chamber in response to the expansion of the composite material.

[0343] As disclosed in this article, the fluid in an intraocular lens is silicone oil.

[0344] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens includes a peripheral portion comprising a first composite material and a second composite material, wherein the first composite material includes a first energy-absorbing component and the second composite material includes a second energy-absorbing component, wherein the color of the first energy-absorbing component is different from the color of the second energy-absorbing component.

[0345] This document also discloses an intraocular lens comprising: an optical portion; and a peripheral portion coupled to the optical portion, wherein the peripheral portion includes a first peripheral component and a second peripheral component, wherein the first peripheral component is made of a composite material comprising an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components, wherein the second peripheral component is made of a composite material comprising an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components, wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to increase in response to external energy directed to the first peripheral component, wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to decrease in response to external energy directed to the second peripheral component, and wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured such that when the intraocular lens is implanted within the capsular bag, a force applied to the peripheral portion by the capsular bag does not respond.

[0346] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens includes an optical portion comprising an optical fluid chamber and a peripheral portion comprising at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber.

[0347] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which the base power is configured to change in response to fluid displacement between an optical fluid chamber and a peripheral fluid chamber caused by external energy directed to a first peripheral component or a second peripheral component.

[0348] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a first peripheral component is configured as a space filler, wherein the space filler is configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the space filler, and wherein the expansion of the space filler reduces the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber.

[0349] As disclosed herein, the intraocular lens contains a space filler configured as an expandable pad extending from the anterior or posterior wall of the chamber.

[0350] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a second peripheral component is configured as a chamber expander, wherein the chamber expander is configured to expand in response to external energy guiding the chamber expander, and wherein the expansion of the chamber expander increases the volume of the peripheral fluid chamber.

[0351] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a chamber expander is configured as an expandable column extending from the anterior wall of the chamber to the posterior wall of the chamber.

[0352] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a first peripheral component and a second peripheral component are located within the same peripheral fluid chamber.

[0353] As disclosed herein, in an intraocular lens, a second peripheral component is positioned within the same peripheral fluid chamber, away from the first peripheral component.

[0354] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens wherein a first peripheral component is positioned within the same peripheral fluid chamber near a second peripheral component, and wherein the first peripheral component is positioned closer than the second peripheral component to a fluid channel connecting the optical fluid chamber to the peripheral fluid chamber.

[0355] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which a first peripheral component and a second peripheral component are configured as discrete peripheral components, such that directing external energy to one discrete peripheral component causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component, and directing external energy to the other discrete peripheral component also causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical component.

[0356] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens has a peripheral fluid chamber comprising at least ten first peripheral components.

[0357] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens has one peripheral fluid chamber comprising at least ten second peripheral components.

[0358] As disclosed herein, an intraocular lens in which the expandable component is an expandable microsphere, and wherein each expandable microsphere comprises a foaming agent contained within a thermoplastic shell.

[0359] As disclosed in this paper, the energy-absorbing component of the intraocular lens is an energy-absorbing colorant.

[0360] As disclosed herein, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion is configured to vary between approximately ±0.05D and approximately ±0.5D in response to a pulse of external energy directed to a first peripheral component or a second peripheral component.

[0361] As disclosed herein, the fundamental focal power of the optical portion is configured to change by approximately 0.1D in response to a pulse of external energy directed to a first peripheral component or a second peripheral component.

[0362] As disclosed herein, the fundamental power of the optical portion of the intraocular lens is configured to vary in total between approximately ±1.0D and approximately ±2.0D.

[0363] As disclosed in this article, the external energy in an intraocular lens is light energy.

[0364] As disclosed in this article, the light energy in the intraocular lens is laser light.

[0365] This article also discloses a method for adjusting an intraocular lens postoperatively, comprising: adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens by directing external energy to a composite material within the peripheral portion of the intraocular lens, wherein the peripheral portion is coupled to an optical portion deployed radially inward on the peripheral portion, wherein the composite material includes an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components, and wherein the base power of the intraocular lens is configured to be unresponsive to forces applied to the peripheral portion by the capsular bag when the intraocular lens is implanted within the capsular bag.

[0366] As disclosed herein, the optical portion includes an optical fluid chamber, and the peripheral portion includes at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber, wherein the fundamental power of the intraocular lens changes in response to fluid displacement between the optical fluid chamber and the peripheral fluid chamber due to external energy of the guiding composite material.

[0367] The method disclosed herein involves exchanging approximately 15 nL of fluid between a peripheral fluid chamber and an optical fluid chamber in response to the expansion of the composite material.

[0368] As disclosed herein, adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens further includes increasing the base power by directing external energy to a composite material configured as a space filler within a peripheral fluid chamber defined in the peripheral portion.

[0369] The methods disclosed herein also include reducing the base keratinity by directing external energy to another instance of a composite material configured as a chamber expander located within the peripheral portion.

[0370] As disclosed herein, adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens further includes reducing the base power by directing external energy to a composite material configured as a chamber expander located within a peripheral fluid chamber defined in a peripheral portion.

[0371] The method disclosed herein also includes reducing the base kerf by directing external energy to another instance of the composite material, which is configured as a space filler positioned within a peripheral fluid chamber.

[0372] As disclosed herein, the method for adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens further includes: a first peripheral component that directs a pulse of external energy into a peripheral fluid chamber within a peripheral portion, wherein the first peripheral component is made of a composite material; and a second peripheral component that directs an additional pulse of external energy into the same peripheral fluid chamber, wherein the second peripheral component is made of a composite material.

[0373] As disclosed herein, the method for adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens further includes: a first peripheral component within a first peripheral fluid chamber that directs and confines a pulse of external energy within a peripheral portion, wherein the first peripheral component is made of a composite material; and a second peripheral component within a second peripheral fluid chamber that directs and confines an additional pulse of external energy within a peripheral portion, wherein the second peripheral component is made of a composite material.

[0374] As disclosed herein, the first peripheral fluid chamber is in fluid communication with the second peripheral fluid chamber via an optical fluid chamber defined within an optical portion.

[0375] The method disclosed herein includes a first composite material and a second composite material, wherein the method further includes: adjusting the base focal length in a first direction by directing external energy to the first composite material, wherein the first composite material contains a first energy-absorbing component having a first color; and adjusting the base focal length in a second direction by directing external energy to the second composite material, wherein the second composite material contains a second energy-absorbing component having a second color different from the first color.

[0376] The method disclosed herein includes expandable components that are expandable microspheres, and each expandable microsphere comprises a foaming agent contained within a thermoplastic shell.

[0377] The method disclosed herein also includes adjusting the fundamental power of the intraocular lens between approximately ±0.05D and approximately ±0.50D by directing pulses of external energy to the composite material.

[0378] The method disclosed herein also includes adjusting the fundamental power of the intraocular lens by approximately ±0.10D by directing pulses of external energy to the composite material.

[0379] The method disclosed herein also includes adjusting the base power of the intraocular lens to a total range of approximately ±1.0D and approximately ±2.0D by directing multiple pulses of external energy to the composite material.

[0380] The method disclosed herein also includes directing external energy to composite materials, including directing light energy to composite materials.

[0381] The method disclosed herein also includes a laser-directed composite material, wherein directing external energy to the composite material further includes directing laser energy to the composite material.

[0382] The method disclosed herein also includes external energy-directing composite materials, which further include green laser-directing composite materials.

[0383] The method disclosed herein further includes a laser-directing composite material having a wavelength between about 488 nm and about 650 nm.

[0384] The method disclosed herein further includes a laser-directing composite material having a wavelength between about 946 nm and about 1120 nm.

[0385] Numerous embodiments have been described. However, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and modifications can be made to this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments. Elements of the systems, devices, apparatuses, and methods shown with any embodiments are exemplary for particular embodiments and can be used in combination or otherwise in other embodiments within this disclosure. For example, the steps of any method depicted in the figures or described in this disclosure do not require a specific order or sequence shown or described to achieve the desired result. Furthermore, other steps may be provided, or steps or operations may be eliminated or omitted from the described methods or processes to achieve the desired result. Additionally, any component or portion of any device or system described in this disclosure or depicted in the figures may be removed, eliminated, or omitted to achieve the desired result. Furthermore, for brevity and clarity, certain components or portions of the systems, devices, or apparatuses shown or described herein have been omitted.

[0386] Therefore, other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims, and the description and / or drawings should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0387] Each individual variant or embodiment described and illustrated herein has separate components and features that can be readily separated from or combined with features of any other variant or embodiment. Modifications may be made to adapt particular circumstances, materials, composition, processing, processing actions (one or more), or steps (one or more) to the objectives, spirit, or scope of the invention (one or more).

[0388] The methods listed herein can be performed in any logically possible order of the listed events, or in any order of events listed. Furthermore, additional steps or operations can be provided, or steps or operations can be eliminated to achieve the desired result.

[0389] Furthermore, where a range of values ​​is provided, every intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of that range, as well as any other specified or intermediate values ​​within that range, is included within the scope of this invention. Additionally, any optional features of the described variations of the invention may be set forth and claimed independently or in combination with any one or more features described herein. For example, the description of a range from 1 to 5 should also be considered as having disclosed subranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 5, from 3 to 5, etc., as well as individual numbers within that range, such as 1.5, 2.5, etc., and any overall or partial increments therebetween.

[0390] All existing subjects mentioned herein (e.g., publications, patents, patent applications) are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, unless such subject matter may conflict with the subject matter of this invention (in which case, the subject matter presented herein shall prevail). Items cited are provided only because they were disclosed prior to the filing date of this application. Nothing herein should be construed as an admission that this invention is not entitled to precedence over such material by virtue of a prior invention.

[0391] References to singular items include the possibility that multiple identical items exist. More specifically, as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” include the plural referent unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be noted that claims may be drafted to exclude any optional elements. Thus, this statement is intended to serve as a priori basis for the use of exclusive terms such as “only” or “merely” when referencing elements of claims or using “negative” limitations. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0392] A reference to the phrase “at least one” when it modifies multiple items or components (or a list of items or components) means any combination of one or more of those items or components. For example, the phrase “at least one of A, B, and C” means: (i) A; (ii) B; (iii) C; (iv) A, B, and C; (v) A and B; (vi) B and C; (vii) A and C.

[0393] In understanding the scope of this disclosure, the term "comprising" and its derivatives, as used herein, are intended to be open-ended terms that specify the presence of stated features, elements, components, groups, integers, and / or steps, but do not exclude the presence of other unstated features, elements, components, groups, integers, and / or steps. The foregoing also applies to words with similar meanings, such as the terms "comprising," "having," and their derivatives. Furthermore, when used in the singular, the terms "part," "section," "portion," "component," "element," or "part" may have a dual meaning of a single part or multiple parts. As used herein, the following directional terms "forward, backward, above, downward, vertical, horizontal, below, lateral, sideways, and vertical," and any other similar directional terms, refer to those positions or directions of a device or apparatus being translated or moved.

[0394] Finally, degree terms such as “basically,” “about,” and “approximately,” as used herein, refer to a specified value or a specified value plus a reasonable amount of deviation from the specified value (e.g., a deviation of ±0.1%, ±1%, ±5%, or ±10%, as such variation is appropriate) such that the final result does not change significantly or substantially. For example, “about 1.0 cm” can be interpreted as referring to “1.0 cm” or “between 0.9 cm and 1.1 cm.” When degree terms such as “about” or “approximately” are used to refer to numbers or values ​​that are part of a range, the term can be used to modify the minimum and maximum numbers or values.

[0395] This disclosure is not intended to be limited to the specific forms set forth herein, but rather to cover alternatives, modifications, and equivalents to the variations or embodiments described herein. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure fully covers other variations or embodiments that may become apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An adjustable static focusing intraocular lens, comprising: Optical components; as well as The peripheral portion coupled to the optical component; The peripheral portion comprises a composite material including an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable components, wherein the expandable components are expandable microspheres, and each expandable microsphere comprises a foaming agent contained within a thermoplastic shell. The base focal length of the optical component is configured to change in response to external energy directed toward the composite material.

2. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 1, wherein the composite material is formed as discrete peripheral components such that directing the external energy to one discrete peripheral component causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical portion, and directing the external energy to another discrete peripheral component also causes a change in the fundamental focal length of the optical portion.

3. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 1, wherein the optical portion includes an optical fluid chamber, and the peripheral portion includes at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber.

4. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 3, wherein the composite material is configured as a chamber expander or a lifting device, wherein the chamber expander is configured to expand in response to external energy directed to the chamber expander, wherein the expansion of the chamber expander increases the volume of the at least one peripheral fluid chamber, and wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to decrease in response to external energy directed to the chamber expander, and wherein the chamber expander is configured as an expandable column extending from the anterior wall of the chamber to the posterior wall of the chamber.

5. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 3, wherein the composite material is configured as a space filler or piston, wherein the space filler is configured to expand in response to external energy directed to the space filler, and wherein the expansion of the space filler reduces the volume of the at least one peripheral fluid chamber, and wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to increase in response to external energy directed to the space filler.

6. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 3, wherein the peripheral portion is configured as at least one tactile body, wherein the at least one peripheral fluid chamber is defined within the at least one tactile body, wherein the at least one peripheral fluid chamber extends only partially into the at least one tactile body.

7. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the energy-absorbing component is an energy-absorbing dye.

8. An adjustable static focusing intraocular lens, comprising: An optical portion, the optical portion including a beam-splitting surface profile defined on a lens surface of the optical portion; as well as The peripheral portion coupled to the optical component; The peripheral portion includes an expandable composite material. The base focal length of the optical component is configured to change in response to external energy directed toward the expandable composite material.

9. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 8, wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to not respond to forces applied to the peripheral portion of the capsular bag when the adjustable static intraocular lens is implanted within the capsular bag.

10. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 8, wherein the beam-splitting surface profile includes a plurality of diffraction zones.

11. The adjustable static focusing intraocular lens of claim 10, wherein the width of the diffraction zone decreases radially outward.

12. An adjustable static focusing intraocular lens, comprising: Optical components, and The peripheral portion is coupled to the optical portion, and the peripheral portion comprises an expandable composite material; The base focal length of the optical component is configured to change in response to external energy directed onto the expandable composite material. The expandable composite material includes multiple expandable components. Each of the expandable components includes a foaming agent contained within a thermoplastic shell. The thermoplastic shell is partially made of nitrile or acrylonitrile copolymer.

13. An adjustable liquid-filled intraocular lens, comprising: The optical component includes an optical fluid chamber; as well as At least one tactile element coupled to the optical portion, the tactile element including a tactile fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber, wherein the tactile fluid chamber extends only partially into the at least one tactile element. The at least one tactile body comprises a composite material configured to expand in response to external energy directed onto the composite material, and wherein the expansion of the composite material alters the volume of the tactile fluid chamber.

14. The adjustable liquid-filled intraocular lens of claim 13, wherein the base power of the optical portion is configured to change in response to external energy directed on the composite material.

15. The adjustable liquid-filled intraocular lens of claim 13, wherein the composite material is formed as discrete peripheral components such that directing external energy to one discrete peripheral component causes a change in the fundamental power of the optical portion, and directing the external energy to another discrete peripheral component also causes a change in the fundamental power of the optical portion.

16. An adjustable liquid-filled intraocular lens, comprising: Optical components; as well as The peripheral portion coupled to the optical portion, wherein the peripheral portion includes a first peripheral component and a second peripheral component, The first peripheral component is made of composite material. The second peripheral component is made of the composite material. The base focal length of the optical portion is configured to increase in response to external energy directed to the first peripheral component, and The base focal length of the optical component is configured to decrease in response to external energy directed to the second peripheral component.

17. The adjustable liquid-filled intraocular lens of claim 16, wherein the optical portion includes an optical fluid chamber and the peripheral portion includes at least one peripheral fluid chamber in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber, and wherein the first peripheral component and the second peripheral component are located within the same peripheral fluid chamber.

18. The adjustable liquid-filled intraocular lens of claim 16, wherein the second peripheral component is positioned in the same peripheral fluid chamber away from the first peripheral component, and wherein the first peripheral component and the second peripheral component are configured as discrete peripheral components such that directing external energy to one discrete peripheral component causes a change in the fundamental power of the optical portion, and directing external energy to another discrete peripheral component also causes a change in the fundamental power of the optical portion.

19. The adjustable liquid-filled intraocular lens of claim 18, wherein the first peripheral component has a first color, wherein the second peripheral component has a second color, wherein the second color is different from the first color.

20. An adjustable intraocular lens, comprising: The optical component includes an optical fluid chamber; as well as At least one tactile element coupled to the optical portion, the tactile element comprising a radially inner chamber wall, a radially outer chamber wall, and a tactile fluid chamber defined between the radially inner chamber wall and the radially outer chamber wall, the tactile fluid chamber being in fluid communication with the optical fluid chamber. The radial outer chamber wall is thicker than the radial inner chamber wall. The at least one tactile body comprises a composite material including an energy-absorbing component and a plurality of expandable parts, and the base focal length of the optical portion is configured to change in response to external energy directed toward the composite material.

21. An adjustable intraocular lens, comprising: Optical components; as well as At least one tactile element is coupled to the optical component. The at least one tactile sensor is coupled to the optical portion at its proximal end, and the at least one tactile sensor is coupled to the optical portion along a portion of the at least one tactile sensor between its proximal and distal ends. The at least one tactile body comprises a composite material, the composite material including an energy-absorbing component and multiple expandable parts, and The base focal length of the optical component is configured to change in response to external energy directed toward the composite material.

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