Antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquid as well as preparation method and application of antibacterial hydrogel

Abstract

The invention discloses antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquid as well as a preparation method and application of the antibacterial hydrogel, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicines. Adding polyvinyl alcohol into deionized water, and heating until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution; dissolving helicid in a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / helicid solution; and adding borax, 3, 3 '-dithiobis (propionyl hydrazine) and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide into the polyvinyl alcohol / helicid solution, continuously stirring, and standing to obtain inverted non-flowing hydrogel, namely the antibacterial hydrogel based on the ionic liquid. The hydrogel prepared by the invention shows relatively good stretchability and healing property, and shows excellent antibacterial effect on gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria, and the content of the cross-linking agent and the ionic liquid shows adjustability on the mechanical property and the antibacterial property of the hydrogel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomedical technology, specifically to an antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquids, its preparation method, and its applications. Background Technology

[0002] Bacterial infections are one of the world's greatest public health challenges, causing millions of deaths annually. Antibiotics, as the most commonly used antimicrobial agents for treating bacterial infections, are considered a milestone in modern medicine. However, the overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence and rapid increase of drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, researching and developing highly effective and durable antimicrobial materials that do not induce resistance is of great significance.

[0003] Highly effective antimicrobial materials have become a research hotspot in recent years due to their ability to effectively reduce the use of antimicrobial agents, lower the risk of bacterial resistance, and reduce or avoid secondary infections caused by dressings. To improve the antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial materials, many highly effective antimicrobial agents have been developed, mainly including polymers, antimicrobial peptides, metal / metal oxides, carbon-based materials, and ionic liquid antimicrobial agents. Among them, ionic liquid antimicrobial agents have attracted much attention due to their high efficiency and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Ionic liquids (ILs) are a class of organic molten salts composed of anions / cations that are liquid at or near room temperature. The unique physicochemical properties of ionic liquids, such as low volatility, non-flammability, designability, high thermal stability, and high chemical stability, have made them important players in fields such as clean energy, medicine and health, and nanomaterial preparation. For example, patent application number CN 114887112A discloses a preparation method and application of an imidazole salt ionic liquid / polyvinyl alcohol pressure-sensing antibacterial hydrogel dressing. The method involves polymerizing an imidazole salt ionic liquid with acrylamide into a long polymer chain via free radical copolymerization, followed by repeated freeze-thaw cycles with a polyvinyl alcohol solution to obtain the imidazole salt ionic liquid / polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. This hydrogel dressing possesses a unique three-dimensional network structure, and the hydrogel containing the ionic liquid exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, showing excellent antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, in recent years, due to the unique cation / anionic structure of ionic liquids, their excellent bactericidal properties and broad-spectrum activity against cocci, bacilli, and fungi have garnered widespread attention in the antibacterial field.

[0004] Hydrogels, due to their high water content and tunable structure and properties, have become important carriers for the preparation of novel antibacterial materials. Currently, the main methods for preparing ionic liquid-based hydrogels include covalent polymerization and non-covalent bonding. However, the preparation of ionic liquid hydrogels based on covalent polymerization methods suffers from complex synthesis steps and difficulty in controlling the degree of polymerization of the backbone; ionic liquid hydrogels prepared based on non-covalent bonding methods exhibit poor stability and susceptibility to structural damage. Therefore, seeking and developing an ionic liquid hydrogel with a simple preparation method and stable, tunable structure is of great significance for the preparation of biomedical antibacterial dressings with highly effective antibacterial properties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned limitations of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an ionic liquid-based antibacterial hydrogel, its preparation method, and its applications. This invention uses polyvinyl alcohol as a backbone, borax, tocopheryl glycoside, and 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) as crosslinking agents, and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide as an antibacterial agent to obtain an ionic liquid-based hydrogel (PBDSN). This hydrogel exhibits good stretchability and healing properties, and demonstrates excellent antibacterial effects against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The content of the crosslinking agent and the ionic liquid shows controllability in both the mechanical and antibacterial properties of the hydrogel.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel based on an ionic liquid, the method comprising: Polyvinyl alcohol is added to deionized water and heated until completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution; tofu glycoside is dissolved in the polyvinyl alcohol solution and stirred evenly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / tofu glycoside solution; borax, 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide are added to the polyvinyl alcohol / tofu glycoside solution, stirred continuously, and allowed to stand to obtain an inverted non-flowing hydrogel, which is the antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquid.

[0007] Preferably, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1 g / mL; the mass ratio of tofu glycoside to the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1:10.

[0008] Preferably, the heating treatment time is 90°C; the stirring time is 30 min.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the borax, 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine), 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5:3:2 to 5:100.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring time is 10 minutes and the settling time is 5 minutes.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an antibacterial hydrogel based on an ionic liquid obtained by the above preparation method, the antibacterial hydrogel having a three-dimensional network structure and dynamic borate ester bonds, dynamic acylhydrazone bonds and dynamic imine bonds.

[0012] Preferably, the three-dimensional network structure is formed by borax forming a network with polyvinyl alcohol and tocopheryl glycoside through dynamic borate ester bonds, tocopheryl glycoside forming a network with 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) through dynamic acylhydrazone bonds, and tocopheryl glycoside is also linked to 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide through dynamic imine bonds.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention provides the use of antibacterial hydrogels in the preparation of medical antibacterial dressings.

[0014] Preferably, the medical antibacterial dressing is a stretchable, self-healing antibacterial material.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The present invention prepares an antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquid through a simple "one-pot method", which avoids the problems of complex synthesis steps and difficulty in controlling the degree of polymerization of the skeleton in the preparation of ionic liquid hydrogel based on covalent bond polymerization method; and overcomes the problems of poor stability and easy destruction of structure in ionic liquid hydrogels prepared based on non-common valence bond method.

[0016] (2) The preparation method of the present invention is simple, the prepared hydrogel has stable structure and properties, has stretchability, self-healing and plasticity, and has good inhibitory effect on both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Moreover, the content of ionic liquid shows that the mechanical properties and antibacterial properties of the hydrogel can be controlled. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 Characterization diagrams of PBDSN hydrogels; where (a) is a photograph of hydrogels of different components; and (b) is the UV spectrum of polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA), borax (hereinafter referred to as B), tofu glycoside (hereinafter referred to as HLC), 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) (hereinafter referred to as DTPH), 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (hereinafter referred to as MimNBr) and PBDSN hydrogel (Gel-2); Figure 2 Infrared spectra of PVA, B, HLC, DTPH, MimNBr and PBDSN hydrogels (Gel-1, Gel-2, Gel-3); where (a) is the wavelength range of 4000~1000 cm⁻¹. -1 (a) is the infrared spectrum at wavelength 2000-500 cm⁻¹; (b) is the infrared spectrum at wavelength 2000-500 cm⁻¹. -1 Infrared spectrum at the location; Figure 3 SEM and elemental distribution diagrams of PBD hydrogels; (a) SEM at a scale of 200 μm; (b) SEM at a scale of 30 μm; (c) O elemental distribution diagram; (d) Na elemental distribution diagram; (e) C elemental distribution diagram; (f) B elemental distribution diagram; Figure 4 SEM images and elemental distribution maps of PBDS hydrogels; (a) SEM image at a scale of 200 μm; (b) SEM image at a scale of 70 μm; (c) O elemental distribution map; (d) C elemental distribution map; (e) S elemental distribution map; (f) Na elemental distribution map; (g) N elemental distribution map; (h) B elemental distribution map; Figure 5 SEM and elemental distribution maps of PBDSN (Gel-2) hydrogels; (a) SEM at a scale bar of 200 μm; (b) SEM at a scale bar of 70 μm; (c) O elemental distribution map; (d) C elemental distribution map; (e) Na elemental distribution map; (f) B elemental distribution map; (g) S elemental distribution map; (h) N elemental distribution map; (i) Total distribution map of each element; Figure 6 Rheological characterization diagrams of different hydrogels; (a) is the stress scan curve of different hydrogels; (b) is a partial stress scan curve of different hydrogels; (c) is a comparison diagram of the elastic modulus (G') and viscous modulus (G'') of different hydrogels; (d) is the frequency scan curve of different hydrogels; (e) is a partial frequency scan curve of different hydrogels; (f) is the gel point diagram of different hydrogels. Figure 7 The mechanical properties of PBDSN (Gel-2) hydrogel are characterized in the following figures: (a) is an apparent tensile diagram of PBDSN (Gel-2) hydrogel; (b) is a photograph of the healing process of PBDSN (Gel-2) hydrogel, where the colorless and transparent appearance represents the natural color of the hydrogel; the red and blue hydrogels are those stained with eosin and Coomassie brilliant blue; (c) shows the healing process of PBDSN (Gel-2) hydrogel stained with eosin and Coomassie brilliant blue under an optical microscope; (d) shows the results of cyclic testing of Gel-2 hydrogel under different strains (2%-200%-2%-200%-2%-200%); and (e) shows photographs of Gel-2 hydrogel molded into different shapes. Figure 8Antimicrobial tests of PBD, PBDS and PPDSN (Gel-1, Gel-2 and Gel-3) hydrogels; where (a) is the inhibition rate of different gel compositions against Escherichia coli; (b) is the inhibition rate of different gel compositions against Staphylococcus aureus; and (c) is a graph showing the survival of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus after treatment with different gels. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0019] As introduced in the background section, the preparation of antibacterial hydrogels based on ionic liquids currently mainly involves covalent polymerization and non-covalent bonding. However, the preparation of ionic liquid hydrogels based on covalent polymerization methods suffers from problems such as complex synthesis steps and difficulty in controlling the degree of polymerization of the backbone; while ionic liquid hydrogels prepared based on non-covalent bonding methods suffer from poor stability and easy structural damage.

[0020] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide an antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquids, its preparation method, and its applications. This invention utilizes a one-pot method to link polyvinyl alcohol, borax, fuslin, 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine), and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide through the formation of dynamic covalent bonds, thereby obtaining a hydrogel with a three-dimensional network structure. Whether it is polyvinyl alcohol and borax, or borax and fuslin, or fuslin and 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine), they can only be prepared as liquid materials, lacking flexibility and mechanical properties, and cannot be used as excipients. However, by using a one-pot method, these materials can be used to prepare a hydrogel with good flexibility and mechanical properties, which can be used as an antibacterial dressing. PVA is linear. The hydroxyl groups of PVA and the boron in boric acid form dynamic borate bonds, thus forming a network between PVA and boric acid. Similarly, the boron in boric acid forms dynamic borate bonds with the hydroxyl groups of fucoside, creating a network between boric acid and fucoside. The aldehyde group of fucoside forms dynamic hydrazone bonds with the hydrazide group of 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine), forming a network between fucoside and 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine). The intricate connections between these networks give the hydrogel a three-dimensional network structure. Furthermore, the aldehyde group on fucoside forms dynamic imine bonds with the amino group of 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, connecting 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide to the three-dimensional network. If this hydrogel is made into a dressing and applied to a wound, the dynamic imine bonds can break rapidly in the wound environment, allowing for the rapid release of the ionic liquid and thus achieving a better antibacterial effect. These structures endow the hydrogel with stretchable and self-healing properties, providing a new approach for developing novel antibacterial materials.

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0022] The test materials used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional test materials in the art and can be purchased through commercial channels.

[0023] Example 1: Preparation of hydrogels based on ionic liquids Accurately weigh 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol and add it to 0.1 mL of deionized water. Heat at 90 °C until completely dissolved, allow to stand to remove bubbles, and cool to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution. Accurately weigh 0.1 g of tofu glycoside and dissolve it in 1 g of polyvinyl alcohol solution. Stir for 5 min to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / tofu glycoside solution. Accurately weigh 0.05 g of borax, 0.03 g of 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine), and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (0.02 g, 0.03 g, or 0.05 g) and add them to the polyvinyl alcohol / tofu glycoside solution. Stir continuously for 10 min to fully form dynamic covalent bonds between molecules. Allow to stand for 5 min to obtain an inverted non-flowing hydrogel (PBDSN). Based on the amount of 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide added, the final prepared PBDSNs are successively named Gel-1 hydrogel, Gel-2 hydrogel, and Gel-3 hydrogel. Hydrogels with different MimNBr contents are referred to as Gel-1 (MimNBr content is 0.02 g), Gel-2 (MimNBr content is 0.03 g), and Gel-3 (MimNBr content is 0.05 g), respectively.

[0024] Comparative Example 1 Accurately weigh 0.1 g of polyvinyl alcohol and add it to 0.1 mL of deionized water. Heat at 90 °C until completely dissolved, allow to stand to remove bubbles, and cool to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution. Accurately weigh 0.05 g of borax and add it to the polyvinyl alcohol solution. Stir continuously until dynamic covalent bonds are fully formed between molecules. Allow to stand to obtain a free-flowing viscous solution of PB, denoted as PB. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 (a).

[0025] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide are not added. The resulting hydrogel is designated as PBD hydrogel. See [link to example]. Figure 1 (a).

[0026] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide was not added, and the final hydrogel prepared is designated as PBDS hydrogel, see [link to example]. Figure 1 (a).

[0027] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that polyvinyl alcohol and 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) are not added, and the final transparent solution prepared is designated as BDN. (See Example 1 for details.) Figure 1 (a).

[0028] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that polyvinyl alcohol and borax are not added, and the final transparent solution is denoted as DSN. Figure 1 (a).

[0029] Comparative Examples 1, 4, and 5 prepared liquid antibacterial materials. Their performance is affected by a variety of factors, such as environment and usage, which are difficult to control. Moreover, they have poor viscosity and adhesion, making them unsuitable for use as crop additives. They cannot adhere well to the skin or other object surfaces, and their action time is short, resulting in poor antibacterial effects.

[0030] Example 2: Characterization The formation of dynamic covalent bonds was determined by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy. Experimental results are as follows: Figure 1 (b) It can be seen that, compared with MimNBr, DTPH and HLC alone, the UV absorption of PBDSN solution shows a significant blue shift. This may be due to the formation of dynamic imine bonds and dynamic hydrazone bonds, which increases the size of the conjugated system. This further proves the formation of dynamic covalent bonds.

[0031] Based on this, the formation of dynamic covalent bonds was further confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, and the experimental results are as follows: Figure 2 (a) and Figure 2 As shown in (b). Figure 2 (a) are the infrared spectra of pure PVA, B, HLC, DTPH, MimNBr and the formed hydrogels PB, PBD, PBDS, Gel-1, Gel-2 and Gel-3. Figure 2 (b) is a magnified version of the partial infrared spectra of pure PVA, B, HLC, DTPH, MimNBr, and the formed hydrogels PB, PBD, PBDS, and PBDSN (Gel-1, Gel-2, and Gel-3). It can be seen that the 1674 cm⁻¹ peak on the HLC... -1 The stretching vibration peak at C=O and the 1568 cm⁻¹ peak on MimNBr. -1 The disappearance of the stretching vibration peak of NH2, and the 1656 cm peak on PBDS and PBDSN (Gel-1, Gel-2, Gel-3). -1 The appearance of the stretching vibration peak at C=N (amide or acylhydrazone bond) confirms the formation of a dynamic imine (acylhydrazone) bond; furthermore, the peaks at 1416 and 1339 cm⁻¹... -1The peak corresponds to the asymmetric stretching vibration of the BOC bond, at 656 cm⁻¹ on PB, PBD, PBDS, and PBDSN (Gel-1, Gel-2, Gel-3). -1 BOB bending vibration peaks were observed at all locations, further confirming the formation of dynamic borate ester bonds.

[0032] Figures 3-5 The images show SEM images of PBD, PBDS, and PBDSN (Gel-2). It can be seen that PBD, PBDS, and PBDSN all exhibit good three-dimensional network structures, and the elemental distribution matches the content of each element. The pore size of PBD hydrogel is 10–50 μm, while that of PBDS hydrogel is 5–50 μm. Compared to PBD, the pore size of PBDS is smaller, indicating that the introduced DTPH forms dynamic acylhydrazone bonds with the aldehyde groups on HLC, thereby enhancing the gel's network structure. Furthermore, the pore size of PBDSN (Gel-2) hydrogel is 10–60 μm. Compared to PBDS, the pore size of PBDSN (Gel-2) hydrogel is larger, attributed to the addition of the ionic liquid MimNBr, which forms one mobile (fixed at only one end by a dynamic imine bond) dynamic imine bond and reduces one immobile (fixed at both ends by dynamic acylhydrazone bonds) dynamic acylhydrazone bond, resulting in a relaxed gel network structure and larger pore size.

[0033] Example 3: Rheological and Mechanical Property Testing Figure 6 The rheological characterizations are of the hydrogels with different compositions prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3. From... Figure 6 (a) It can be seen that the elastic modulus (G') of the PB sample is smaller than the viscous modulus (G'') throughout the entire stress scan range, exhibiting typical fluid rheological properties; Figure 6 (b) The G' of the PBD, PBDS, and PBDSN hydrogels is greater than G'' and does not change with increasing stress, exhibiting typical solid-like rheological properties. Furthermore, Figure 6 In (a) and 6(d), at low frequencies, G' is less than G'', exhibiting fluid properties. As the frequency increases, G' gradually equals and exceeds G'', reaching a maximum point and then begins to decline, exhibiting elastomer properties. The intersection of G' and G'' represents gel formation at this point. Figure 6 (c) Compared with PB, the G' of PBD and PBDS max The increased values ​​indicate that the addition of HLC and DTPH strengthened the intermolecular entanglement and promoted the formation of the network structure. However, with the addition of the ionic liquid MimNBr, G' max The decreasing value indicates that MimNBr has a disintegrating effect on the PBDS network structure. Figure 6 In (f), f crossThe frequency at which gel formation begins, where the relaxation time t relex =1 / f cross The longer the relaxation time, the better the elastic behavior and shape plasticity of the gel. As can be seen from the figure, PBD and PBDS have a larger relaxation time compared with PB. However, the addition of ionic liquid reduces the elasticity and plasticity of the hydrogel to a certain extent.

[0034] Example 4: Self-healing, tensile and plasticity tests of Gel-2 hydrogel A tensile test was conducted on the Gel-2 hydrogel prepared in Example 1. The Gel-2 hydrogel was formed into a strip with an initial length of 3.0 cm, which could be stretched by hand to 18.0 cm. The results are as follows: Figure 7 As shown in (a), this demonstrates that the hydrogel has good tensile properties. Cutting the hydrogel with a knife, or bringing different hydrogels into natural contact with their cross-sections or surfaces, and observing whether the hydrogel can be stretched by hand, can be used to determine whether it has self-healing properties. Figure 7 (b) Cut the long strip of Gel-2 hydrogel into two pieces, and place the two pieces of hydrogel in contact naturally. It was found that the two pieces of hydrogel could heal after 1 minute. The other three pieces of Gel-2 hydrogel were stained with eosin, Coomassie brilliant blue and unstained respectively. The three pieces of hydrogel were placed in contact naturally. The three pieces of hydrogel could heal after 1 minute. Figure 7 (c) is a microscopic photograph of the hydrogel healing process, showing that as time goes on, the gap between the two hydrogels gradually shrinks until it disappears; Figure 7 (d) Cyclic tests were conducted on the hydrogel under different strains (2%-200%-2%-200%-2%-200%). It was found that after 3 cycles, the hydrogel still maintained its initial elasticity, which indicates that the hydrogel has good self-healing properties. Figure 7 (e) The hydrogel can be molded into different shapes, such as spheres, fans, semicircles, stars, ellipses, and columns, indicating that the hydrogel has good plasticity.

[0035] Example 5: Antibacterial properties Select Staphylococcus aureus ( S.aureus Gram-positive bacteria) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli Gram-negative bacteria were used as the test strains for the antibacterial experiment. 1 g of the hydrogels prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 2-3 were placed in bacterial suspension (4 mL volume, 10% concentration). 5 The bacterial culture was co-cultured at 37 ℃ and 180 rpm for 24 h in CFU / mL solution, and then diluted and plated. The bacterial culture without hydrogel intervention was used as a control group. The bacterial plates were placed in an incubator at 37 ℃ for 12 h, and the colony growth on the LB plates of each group was observed. Figure 8 (a) and Figure 8(b) shows that the hydrogel has certain antibacterial activity. Figure 8 (c) shows that the bacterial solution was spread on an agar plate. The number of colonies on the agar plate showed that the addition of the ionic liquid MimNBr significantly enhanced the antibacterial activity, proving that the hydrogel based on the ionic liquid has excellent antibacterial properties.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquids, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: Polyvinyl alcohol is added to deionized water and heated until completely dissolved to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol solution; tofu glycoside is dissolved in the polyvinyl alcohol solution and stirred evenly to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / tofu glycoside solution; borax, 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) and 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide are added to the polyvinyl alcohol / tofu glycoside solution, stirred continuously, and allowed to stand to obtain an inverted non-flowing hydrogel, which is the antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquid.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1 g / mL; the mass ratio of the tocopherol to the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1:

10.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating treatment time is 90℃; the stirring time is 30 min.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the borax, 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine), 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, and polyvinyl alcohol solution is 5:3:2 to 5:

100.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring time is 10 minutes; the settling time is 5 minutes.

6. The antibacterial hydrogel based on ionic liquid obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The antibacterial hydrogel has a three-dimensional network structure, as well as dynamic borate ester bonds, dynamic acylhydrazone bonds, and dynamic imine bonds.

7. The antibacterial hydrogel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The three-dimensional network structure is formed by borax through dynamic borate ester bonds with polyvinyl alcohol and tocopheryl glycosides. Tocopheryl glycosides form a network with 3,3'-dithiobis(propionylhydrazine) through dynamic acylhydrazone bonds. Tocopheryl glycosides are also linked to 1-aminopropyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide through dynamic imine bonds.

8. The use of the antibacterial hydrogel according to claim 6 or 7 in the preparation of medical antibacterial dressings.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The medical antibacterial dressing is a stretchable, self-healing antibacterial material.

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