High-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-efficiency desulfurizing tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization, which comprises a cooling and dedusting tower, a desulfurizing tower body, a demister and an outlet pipeline b, the cooling and dedusting tower is arranged on the left side of the desulfurizing tower body, the demister is arranged above the desulfurizing tower body, and the outlet pipeline b is arranged above the demister; the cooling and dedusting tower further comprises a shell a, a dedusting mechanism, a spraying mechanism, an inlet pipeline a, an outlet pipeline a and a blow-off pipeline a; the desulfurizing tower body further comprises a shell b, a sewage discharging mechanism, a flow equalizing mechanism, a spraying pipeline and an inlet pipeline b. The device has the functions of reducing the water consumption for dust removal treatment and saving water resources; meanwhile, an additional driving mechanism does not need to be consumed, and energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved; the desulfurization effect of the device is improved, and the recovery efficiency of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of desulfurization tower technology, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial waste gas treatment is a technical system for pre-treating waste gases generated in factories, workshops and other industrial sites. It is mainly applied in chemical plants, electronics factories, paint spraying workshops and other fields where dust, odors or smoke are emitted. The treatment targets cover organic waste gases (such as benzene and formaldehyde), dust waste gases, acid and alkali waste gases (such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia) and hundreds of pollutants.

[0003] Desulfurization absorption towers are tower-type equipment used for desulfurization treatment of industrial waste gas. Initially, they were widely constructed using granite masonry, utilizing the principle of water film desulfurization and dust removal. Later, they were gradually developed into fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) towers due to their low cost and ease of processing. 316L stainless steel has also become an important trend due to its corrosion resistance and high-temperature resistance. Various types of desulfurization towers have been developed (such as Venturi and cyclone plate types), with mature technology but each having its own advantages and disadvantages. Core requirements include a large gas-liquid contact area, high absorption efficiency, and stable operation. Spray towers are one of the most widely used types, especially suitable for power plant flue gas treatment. Large desulfurization towers need to withstand dynamic loads and are prone to vibration problems, requiring anti-corrosion and anti-wear measures. Wet flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technology has become the dominant process in thermal power plants due to its high efficiency and wide applicability to various coal types, but it faces challenges such as strong corrosion and difficult maintenance, requiring the selection of anti-corrosion materials that meet requirements for temperature resistance and wear resistance. Desulfurization slurry circulation pumps are prone to failure due to their strong abrasiveness, corrosiveness, and cavitation properties, and therefore require the use of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials for repair.

[0004] In the prior art, a desulfurization tower disclosed in prior art document 1 (CN107261809A) includes a tower body, an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe located on the tower body, and a spraying device located on the tower body. The spraying device includes a slurry pool located at the bottom of the tower body, a spraying layer connected to the slurry pool via an outlet pipe and located between the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe, and an outlet pump installed on the outlet pipe. The spraying layer and the inlet pipe are separated by a flow divider plate, and flow divider holes are opened on the flow divider plate. A flow slowing mechanism is provided between the spraying layer and the outlet pipe. The flow slowing mechanism includes a drive roller rotatably installed on both sides of the outside of the tower body, a thin film sleeve sleeved outside the drive roller, and a motor driving the drive roller to rotate. Air holes are opened on the thin film sleeve, and the spraying direction of the spraying layer is towards the thin film sleeve. This method has the following drawbacks: During the spray treatment of exhaust gas, the sulfur in the exhaust gas mixes with the limestone slurry to form calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite. These calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite crystallize into small droplets in the reaction solution. These small droplets fall onto the distribution plate, forming calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates that adhere to the distribution plate. This makes it difficult to clean the crystallized surface of the distribution plate, and the precipitates adhering to the surface of the distribution plate will corrode the distribution plate, reducing its service life.

[0005] In the prior art, such as prior art document 2 (CN119139908A), a high-efficiency desulfurization tower is disclosed, which includes a tower body with a flue gas inlet at the bottom. The tower body is provided with a first spray section, a swirl section and a demister from bottom to top. The first spray section includes a main pipe connected to the external limestone slurry, a number of branch pipes connected to the main pipe and distributed in a tree-like manner relative to the main pipe, a number of nozzles connected to and connected to each branch pipe, and a spray adjustment section disposed on each nozzle. This method has the following drawbacks: During the operation of the device, after the sulfur in the flue gas is captured by the limestone slurry, it will form a slurry that accumulates downward to the bottom area of ​​the desulfurization tower. The calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in this slurry will automatically crystallize and precipitate to the bottom of the desulfurization tower. When the desulfurization tower transports the reaction slurry to the growth crystallization pool of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite, due to the crystallization and precipitation, some calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite will precipitate and accumulate at the bottom of the desulfurization tower, resulting in a decrease in the recovery efficiency of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite recovery process. Meanwhile, in both of the above existing technologies, the industrial exhaust gas needs to be cooled and dust removed before entering the desulfurization tower for desulfurization treatment. This is done by spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas to lower its temperature and capture dust in the exhaust gas. This process requires a large amount of water, and the wastewater generated needs to be filtered and dust removed before heat recovery can be performed. This increases the exhaust gas treatment process, and the large amount of water consumed also reduces the environmental performance of the device.

[0006] In summary, the existing technology has the following drawbacks: First, before industrial exhaust gas enters the desulfurization tower for desulfurization treatment, it needs to be cooled and dust removed. This is done by spraying cooling water into the exhaust gas to lower its temperature and capture dust. This process requires a large amount of water, and the wastewater generated needs to be filtered and dust removed before heat recovery, increasing the number of exhaust gas treatment steps and reducing the environmental performance of the device due to the large amount of water consumed. Second, during the spray treatment of exhaust gas, the sulfur in the exhaust gas mixes with the limestone slurry to form calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite. These calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite crystallize into small droplets in the reaction solution, and these small droplets fall onto the separator. On the flow divider plate, calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates and adhere to the plate, making surface crystallization difficult to clean. The precipitates also corrode the plate, reducing its lifespan. Thirdly, during operation, sulfur in the flue gas is captured by limestone slurry, forming a slurry that accumulates at the bottom of the desulfurization tower. Calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in this slurry automatically crystallize and precipitate at the bottom. When the desulfurization tower transports the reaction slurry to the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite growth crystallization pool, some of the precipitates accumulate at the bottom due to crystallization, reducing the recovery efficiency of the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite recovery process.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides a high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial exhaust gas desulfurization. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization, which reduces water consumption for dust removal and saves water resources; increases the service life of the diversion plate, while eliminating the need for additional drive mechanisms, thus saving energy and protecting the environment; and enhances the desulfurization effect of the device, improving the recovery efficiency of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite.

[0009] To achieve the above technical effects, this invention provides a high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization, including a cooling and dust removal tower, a desulfurization tower body, a demister, and an outlet pipe b. The cooling and dust removal tower is located on the left side of the desulfurization tower body, the demister is located above the desulfurization tower body, and the outlet pipe b is located above the demister. The cooling and dust removal tower also includes an outer shell a, a dust removal mechanism, a spraying mechanism, an inlet pipe a, an outlet pipe a, and a sewage discharge pipe a. The dust removal mechanism is located on the lower inner side of the outer shell a, the spraying mechanism is located above the dust removal mechanism, the inlet pipe a is located on the left side of the outer shell a between the dust removal mechanism and the spraying mechanism, the outlet pipe a is located above the outer shell a, and the sewage discharge pipe a is located on the lower right side of the outer shell a. The desulfurization tower body also includes an outer shell b, a sewage discharge mechanism, a flow equalization mechanism, a spraying pipeline, and an inlet pipe b. The sewage discharge mechanism is located on the lower inner side of the outer shell b, the flow equalization mechanism is located in the middle inner side of the outer shell b, the spraying pipeline is located above the flow equalization mechanism, and the inlet pipe b is located on the left side of the outer shell b between the flow equalization layer and the sewage discharge mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the dust removal mechanism further includes a mounting column and dust removal filter plates. The mounting column is located at the bottom of the outer casing a, and the dust removal filter plates are respectively located on the outside of the mounting column.

[0011] Preferably, the dust removal filter plate is provided with a spiral structure.

[0012] Preferably, the spraying mechanism further includes a mounting bracket a, a cooling water ring pipe, branch pipes, and cooling water nozzles. The cooling water ring pipe is mounted on the mounting bracket a inside the outer casing a, the branch pipes are respectively arranged between the cooling water ring pipes, and the cooling water nozzles are respectively arranged above the branch pipes.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling water nozzle further includes a base, a sleeve, a nozzle, and rotating blades. The base is positioned above the branch pipe, the sleeve is rotatably fitted onto the base, the nozzle with perforations on its surface is positioned above the sleeve, and the rotating blades are positioned inside the nozzle.

[0014] Preferably, the sewage discharge mechanism further includes a recovery pipe, an induced draft fan, an air chamber, a baffle, a one-way vent cap, and a sewage discharge pipe b. The baffle is located at the bottom of the outer shell b, forming an air chamber with the space below the outer shell b. The one-way vent caps are respectively located above the air chamber. The induced draft fan is located on the rear side of the desulfurization tower body. The recovery pipe is located below the outlet pipe b, and the recovery pipe connects the outlet pipe b, the induced draft fan, and the air chamber. The sewage discharge pipe b is located on the right side of the outer shell b above the baffle.

[0015] Preferably, the one-way vent is provided with an air outlet, a valve plate, and a torsion spring inside. The air outlet is located inside the one-way vent, a section of the valve plate is hinged to the end of the air outlet, and the torsion spring is located at the connection between the valve plate and the one-way vent.

[0016] Preferably, the flow equalization mechanism further includes a mounting frame b, a flow equalization plate, a fan, and cleaning strips. The mounting frame b is disposed inside the housing b. The flow equalization plate with air holes on its surface is fixedly disposed above the mounting frame b. The fan is rotatably disposed above the flow equalization plate. The cleaning strips are disposed at the bottom of the fan, and the bottom of the cleaning strips is attached to the upper surface of the flow equalization plate.

[0017] Preferably, the outer diameter of the flow equalization plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell b.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The device incorporates a cooling and dust removal tower. Through the dust removal mechanism, the wastewater generated after cooling and dust removal is more easily recycled, reducing water consumption and conserving water resources. The dust filter plate can be designed with a spiral structure to increase the contact time between wastewater and dust and the filter plate surface, ensuring effective dust removal. A flow equalization mechanism uses exhaust gas to drive a fan and cleaning strips to continuously rotate, cleaning the wastewater on the flow equalization plate surface. This prevents the formation of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates that adhere to the flow equalization plate, avoiding crystallization and making cleaning difficult. It also reduces corrosion caused by crystallization and precipitates, increasing the lifespan of the flow equalization plate. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for an additional drive mechanism, making it energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. A wastewater discharge mechanism enhances the desulfurization effect of the device by recovering exhaust gas for secondary desulfurization. It also prevents the accumulation of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates at the bottom of the desulfurization tower, improving the recovery efficiency of these substances. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of 'a' in the diagram; Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of b in the middle; Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of c in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cooling water nozzle in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the unidirectional wind cap in this invention; The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Cooling and dust removal tower; 2. Desulfurization tower body; 3. Demister; 4. Outlet pipe b; 5. Outer shell a; 6. Dust removal mechanism; 7. Spraying mechanism; 8. Inlet pipe a; 9. Outlet pipe a; 10. Sewage pipe a; 11. Outer shell b; 12. Sewage discharge mechanism; 13. Flow equalization mechanism; 14. Spraying pipeline; 15. Inlet pipe b; 16. Mounting column; 17. Dust removal filter plate; 18. Mounting frame a; 19. Cooling water ring pipe; 20. Branch pipe; 21. Cooling water nozzle; 22. Base; 23. Sleeve; 24. Nozzle; 25. Rotating blade; 26. Air chamber; 27. Baffle plate; 28. One-way wind cap; 29. ​​Sewage pipe b; 30. Air outlet; 31. Valve plate; 32. Mounting frame b; 33. Flow equalization plate; 34. Fan; 35. Cleaning strip. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown The prior art in this embodiment has the following problems: The inventors have found the following defects in the prior art: First, before industrial exhaust gas enters the desulfurization tower for desulfurization treatment, the flue gas needs to be cooled and dust removed. This is done by spraying cooling water into the flue gas to lower its temperature and capture dust in the flue gas. This process generates a large amount of water, and the wastewater generated needs to be filtered and dust removed before heat recovery, increasing the exhaust gas treatment steps and reducing the environmental performance of the device due to the large amount of water consumed. Second, during the spray treatment of exhaust gas, the sulfur in the exhaust gas mixes with the limestone slurry to generate calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite. These calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite crystallize into small droplets in the reaction solution. When particulate liquid droplets fall onto the distribution plate, calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates form and adhere to the plate. This makes cleaning the distribution plate surface difficult, and the precipitates corrode the plate, reducing its service life. Thirdly, during operation, sulfur in the flue gas is captured by limestone slurry, forming a slurry that accumulates at the bottom of the desulfurization tower. The calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in this slurry automatically crystallize and precipitate at the bottom. When the desulfurization tower transports the reaction slurry to the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite growth crystallization pool, some of the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates accumulate at the bottom of the tower due to crystallization and precipitation, reducing the recovery efficiency of the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite recovery process. Therefore, the inventor provides a high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial exhaust gas desulfurization, including a cooling and dust removal tower 1, a desulfurization tower body 2, a demister 3, and an outlet pipe b4. The cooling and dust removal tower 1 is located on the left side of the desulfurization tower body 2, the demister 3 is located above the desulfurization tower body 2, and the outlet pipe b4 is located above the demister 3. The cooling and dust removal tower 1 also includes an outer shell a5, a dust removal mechanism 6, a spraying mechanism 7, an inlet pipe a8, an outlet pipe a9, and a sewage discharge pipe a10. The dust removal mechanism 6 is located on the lower inner side of the outer shell a5, the spraying mechanism 7 is located above the dust removal mechanism 6, and the inlet pipe a8... The outer casing a5 is located on the left side between the dust removal mechanism 6 and the spray mechanism 7. The outlet pipe a9 is located above the outer casing a5, and the sewage discharge pipe a10 is located on the lower right side of the outer casing a5. The desulfurization tower body 2 also includes an outer casing b11, a sewage discharge mechanism 12, a flow equalization mechanism 13, a spray pipe 14, and an inlet pipe b15. The sewage discharge mechanism 12 is located on the lower inner side of the outer casing b11, the flow equalization mechanism 13 is located in the middle inner side of the outer casing b11, the spray pipe 14 is located above the flow equalization mechanism 13, and the inlet pipe b15 is located on the left side of the outer casing b11 between the flow equalization layer and the sewage discharge mechanism 12.

[0022] Using the above scheme, industrial exhaust gas is discharged into the outer shell a5 through the inlet pipe a8. The end of the spraying mechanism 7 is connected to the cooling water pipe (not shown in the figure), spraying a cooling water curtain into the outer shell a5. The cooling water curtain mixes with the exhaust gas and absorbs the heat in the exhaust gas. It also captures the dust in the exhaust gas and forms wastewater that falls down. After the dust is separated by the dust removal mechanism 6, the wastewater is discharged from the bottom of the outer shell a5 through the sewage pipe a10. After recovering the heat, it enters the cooling water pipe for recycling. After dust removal and cooling, the flue gas enters the inlet pipe b15 from the outlet pipe a9, and then enters the desulfurization tower body 2. Inside the desulfurization tower body 2, it is first diverted by the flow equalization mechanism 13, and then mixed and reacted upwards with the limestone slurry sprayed from the spray pipe 14. The tail gas after the reaction passes upwards through the dewatering treatment of the demister 3, and is discharged through the outlet pipe b4. The generated wastewater falls downwards onto the flow equalization mechanism 13, and then falls from the flow equalization mechanism 13 into the sewage discharge mechanism 12. The sewage discharge mechanism 12 maintains the flow state of the wastewater at the bottom of the outer shell b11. Finally, the wastewater containing calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite is discharged to the oxidation growth crystallization process for recycling. Example 2

[0023] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown Furthermore, the dust removal mechanism 6 also includes a mounting column 16 and dust removal filter plates 17. The mounting column 16 is located at the bottom of the outer casing a5, and the dust removal filter plates 17 are respectively located on the outside of the column. Furthermore, the dust removal filter plate 17 is provided with a spiral structure; The wastewater generated after cooling and dust removal falls onto the dust removal filter plate 17. After being filtered by the dust removal filter plate 17, the dust in the wastewater is adsorbed onto the dust removal filter plate 17. The remaining wastewater is collected from the dust removal filter plate 17 to the bottom of the outer shell a5 and discharged through the sewage pipe a10. After recovering the waste heat, it can be reintroduced into the cooling water pipe and pumped into the spray mechanism 7 by the spray pump (not shown in the figure) for reuse. In this way, the wastewater generated after cooling and dust removal is more easily recycled through the treatment of the dust removal mechanism 6, which reduces the water consumption of dust removal treatment and saves water resources. The dust removal filter plate 17 can be set as a spiral structure to increase the contact time between the wastewater and dust and the surface of the filter plate, ensuring the dust removal effect. Example 3

[0024] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown Furthermore, the spraying mechanism 7 also includes a mounting bracket a18, a cooling water ring pipe 19, branch pipes 20, and cooling water nozzles 21. The cooling water ring pipe 19 is mounted on the mounting bracket a18 inside the outer casing a5, the branch pipes 20 are respectively disposed between the cooling water ring pipes 19, and the cooling water nozzles 21 are respectively disposed above the branch pipes 20. Furthermore, the cooling water nozzle 21 also includes a base 22, a sleeve 23, a nozzle 24, and a rotating blade 25. The base 22 is disposed above the branch pipe 20, the sleeve 23 is rotatably sleeved on the base 22, the nozzle 24 with holes on its surface is disposed above the sleeve 23, and the rotating blade 25 is disposed inside the nozzle 24. When the exhaust gas enters the casing a5, the spray pump (not shown in the figure) introduces cooling water into the cooling water ring pipe 19. The cooling water ring pipe 19 then introduces cooling water from the branch pipe 20 into the cooling water nozzle 21. The pressurized cooling water enters the sleeve 23 from the branch pipe 20 and is then sprayed upwards under the water pressure, driving the rotating blades 25 to rotate the nozzle 24 on the base 22. In actual use, the rotating blades 25 can be configured as two blades facing opposite directions, or as an impeller connected below the nozzle 24. The cooling water drives the nozzle 24 through the rotating blades 25. After rotation, cooling water rushes out of the holes on the surface of nozzle 24. The pressure of the cooling water itself causes nozzle 24 to spray water curtains outward without rotating. These cooling water curtains mix with the high-temperature exhaust gas and absorb the heat in the exhaust gas. The water curtains also carry the dust in the exhaust gas down to the dust removal mechanism 6. This increases the contact area between the exhaust gas and the dust removal water curtain when the exhaust gas is cooled and dusted. The rotating spray of the water curtain intensifies the mixing intensity and improves the efficiency of cooling and dust removal. Furthermore, the rotation of the water curtain relies on the water pressure of the cooling water itself. The cooling water can be used by the dust removal mechanism 6 to treat the wastewater generated after the waste heat is recovered, which improves resource utilization and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Example 4

[0025] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown Furthermore, the sewage discharge mechanism 12 also includes a recovery pipe, an induced draft fan, an air chamber 26, a baffle 27, a one-way vent cap 28, and a sewage discharge pipe b29. The baffle 27 is located at the bottom of the outer shell b11 and forms the air chamber 26 in the space below the outer shell b11. The one-way vent cap 28 is located above the air chamber 26. The induced draft fan is located on the rear side of the desulfurization tower body 2. The recovery pipe (not shown in the figure) is located below the outlet pipe b4, and the recovery pipe connects the outlet pipe b4, the induced draft fan, and the air chamber 26. The sewage discharge pipe b29 is located on the right side of the outer shell b11 above the baffle 27. Furthermore, the one-way hood 28 is provided with an air vent 30, a valve plate 31, and a torsion spring inside. The air vents 30 are respectively located inside the one-way hood 28. A section of the valve plate 31 is hinged to the end of the air vent 30. The torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is located at the connection between the valve plate 31 and the one-way hood 28. The exhaust gas, after being treated by limestone slurry spray desulfurization, passes upward through demister 3 to remove water mist, and then exits through outlet pipe b4. A recovery pipe is installed on the outside of outlet pipe b4. A fan introduces part of the exhaust gas from the recovery pipe into gas chamber 26. In gas chamber 26, the exhaust gas passes through one-way vent cap 28 on baffle 27 and returns to the cavity above baffle 27. At this time, wastewater containing calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite has accumulated in the cavity above baffle 27. One-way vent cap 28 continuously transports the exhaust gas upward into the wastewater. The exhaust gas creates upward-floating bubbles in the wastewater, causing the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in the wastewater to precipitate. The wastewater is kept in a continuous flow state and then discharged from the side drain pipe b29. The drain pipe b29 is located at the bottom of the wastewater layer inside the outer shell b11 to reduce the occurrence of bubbles being discharged with the wastewater. After the tail gas bubbles rise to the surface, they are mixed with the limestone slurry water curtain again through the flow equalization plate 33 to remove residual sulfur in the tail gas. This secondary desulfurization method of recovering tail gas increases the desulfurization effect of the device. At the same time, it can prevent the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in the desulfurization solution generated at the bottom of the desulfurization tower from forming precipitates and accumulating at the bottom of the desulfurization tower, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite. The exhaust gas enters the one-way vent cap 28 through the baffle 27. After passing through the vent 30, the exhaust gas overcomes the pressure of the torsion spring on the valve plate 31 and the water pressure of the sewage through its own air pressure, pushing the valve plate 31 open and entering the sewage. A torsion spring is provided at the connection between the valve plate 31 and the one-way vent cap 28. When there is no sewage in the desulfurization tower, the torsion force causes the valve plate 31 to close on the air hole. The valve plate 31 can play a check function when the desulfurization tower is working. When the air pressure inside the gas chamber 26 is less than the water pressure, the water pressure pushes the valve plate 31 back below the vent 30 to prevent sewage backflow.

[0026] Furthermore, the flow equalization mechanism 13 also includes a mounting bracket b32, a flow equalization plate 33, a fan 34, and cleaning strips 35. The mounting bracket b32 is disposed inside the housing b11. The flow equalization plate 33, which has air holes on its surface, is fixedly disposed above the mounting bracket b32. The fan 34 is rotatably disposed above the flow equalization plate 33. The cleaning strips 35 are respectively disposed at the bottom of the fan 34, and the lower part of the cleaning strips 35 is attached to the upper surface of the flow equalization plate 33. Furthermore, the outer diameter of the flow equalization plate 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer casing b11; The exhaust gas, after being cooled and dust-removed, enters the outer casing a5 and passes upward through the air vents 30 on the flow equalization plate 33. After being redistributed by the air vents 30, it forms a uniform airflow that drives the fan 34 on the flow equalization plate 33 to rotate. The fan 34 rotates on the flow equalization plate 33, causing the cleaning strips 35 to continuously scrape and clean the surface of the flow equalization plate 33. The uniform airflow after passing through the flow equalization plate 33 mixes and reacts with the limestone slurry water curtain sprayed from the spray pipe 14 to form wastewater that falls onto the flow equalization plate 33. The wastewater is continuously scraped outward by the rotating cleaning strips 35 on the flow equalization plate 33. The wastewater is scraped down from the outside of the flow equalization plate 33 and falls to the bottom. During this process, the exhaust gas airflow drives the flow of the wastewater to rotate. The fan 34 and cleaning strip 35 rotate continuously to clean the wastewater on the surface of the flow equalization plate 33. When setting the flow equalization plate 33, the part of the flow equalization plate 33 with the air vent 30 can be set as a downward tapered cone. At the same time, the cleaning strip 35 is also tilted and attached to the flow equalization plate 33. This allows the wastewater to be scraped off the flow equalization plate 33 more quickly by gravity while being scraped by the cleaning strip 35. This prevents the formation of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates that adhere to the flow equalization plate 33, which would cause crystallization on the surface of the flow equalization plate 33 and make cleaning inconvenient. It also reduces the corrosion of the flow equalization plate 33 by crystallization and precipitation, increases the service life of the flow equalization plate 33, and does not require additional drive mechanism, making it energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0027] In summary, this device features a cooling and dust removal tower 1, which, through the dust removal mechanism 6, makes the wastewater generated after cooling and dust removal easier to recycle, reducing water consumption and saving water resources. The dust removal filter plate 17 can be configured as a spiral structure to increase the contact time between wastewater and dust and the filter plate surface, ensuring the dust removal effect. The flow equalization mechanism 13 uses the exhaust gas airflow to drive the fan 34 and cleaning strip 35 to continuously rotate, cleaning the wastewater on the surface of the flow equalization plate 33. This prevents the formation of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates that adhere to the flow equalization plate 33, thus avoiding crystallization and cleaning difficulties. It also reduces corrosion of the flow equalization plate 33 by crystallization and precipitation, increasing its service life. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for an additional drive mechanism, making it energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The sewage discharge mechanism 12 increases the desulfurization effect of the device by recovering exhaust gas for secondary desulfurization. It also prevents the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in the desulfurization solution generated at the bottom of the desulfurization tower from precipitating and accumulating at the bottom of the desulfurization tower, improving the recovery efficiency of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite.

[0028] Working principle of the invention: When the exhaust gas enters the casing a5, the spray pump (not shown in the figure) introduces cooling water into the cooling water ring pipe 19. The cooling water ring pipe 19 then introduces cooling water from the branch pipe 20 into the cooling water nozzle 21. The pressurized cooling water enters the sleeve 23 from the branch pipe 20, and then sprays upward under the water pressure, driving the rotating blades 25 to rotate the nozzle 24 on the base 22. In actual use, the rotating blades 25 can be configured as two blades facing opposite directions, or as an impeller connected below the nozzle 24. The cooling water drives the nozzle 24 to rotate through the rotating blades 25. After activation, cooling water rushes out of the holes on the surface of the nozzle 24. The pressure of the cooling water itself causes the nozzle 24 to spray out a water curtain without rotating. These cooling water curtains mix with the high-temperature exhaust gas and absorb the heat in the exhaust gas. The water curtain also carries the dust in the exhaust gas down to the dust removal mechanism 6. This increases the contact area between the exhaust gas and the dust removal water curtain when the exhaust gas is cooled and dusted. The rotating spray of the water curtain intensifies the mixing intensity and improves the efficiency of cooling and dust removal. Furthermore, the rotation of the water curtain relies on the water pressure of the cooling water itself. The cooling water can be used by the dust removal mechanism 6 to treat the wastewater generated after the waste heat is recovered, which improves resource utilization and is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. After being cooled and dust-removed, the exhaust gas enters the outer casing a5, passes upward through the air vents 30 on the flow equalization plate 33, and is redistributed by the air vents 30 to form a uniform airflow that drives the fan 34 on the flow equalization plate 33 to rotate. The fan 34 rotates on the flow equalization plate 33, driving the cleaning strips 35 to continuously scrape and clean the surface of the flow equalization plate 33. The uniform airflow after passing through the flow equalization plate 33 mixes and reacts with the limestone slurry water curtain sprayed from the spray pipe 14 to form wastewater that falls onto the flow equalization plate 33. The wastewater is continuously scraped outward by the rotating cleaning strips 35 on the flow equalization plate 33. The wastewater is scraped down from the outside of the flow equalization plate 33 and falls to the bottom. During this process, the exhaust gas airflow drives the fan 34 to rotate. The fan 34 and cleaning strip 35 rotate continuously to clean the sewage on the surface of the flow equalization plate 33. When setting the flow equalization plate 33, the part of the flow equalization plate 33 with the air outlet 30 can be set as a downward tapered cone. At the same time, the cleaning strip 35 is also tilted and attached to the flow equalization plate 33. This allows the sewage to be scraped off the flow equalization plate 33 more quickly by gravity while being scraped by the cleaning strip 35. This prevents the formation of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite precipitates that adhere to the flow equalization plate 33, which would cause crystallization on the surface of the flow equalization plate 33 and make cleaning inconvenient. It also reduces the corrosion of the flow equalization plate 33 by crystallization and precipitation, increases the service life of the flow equalization plate 33, and does not require additional drive mechanism, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. After being treated by limestone slurry spray desulfurization, the exhaust gas passes upward through demister 3 to remove water mist, and then is discharged through outlet pipe b4. A recovery pipe is installed on the outside of outlet pipe b4. A fan introduces part of the exhaust gas in the recovery pipe into gas chamber 26. In gas chamber 26, the exhaust gas is discharged back into the cavity above baffle 27 through one-way vent cap 28 on baffle 27. At this time, wastewater containing calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite has accumulated in the cavity above baffle 27. One-way vent cap 28 continuously transports the exhaust gas upward into the wastewater. The exhaust gas creates upward-floating bubbles in the wastewater, causing the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in the wastewater to precipitate. The wastewater is kept in a continuous flow state, and then the mixed wastewater is discharged from the side drain pipe b29. The drain pipe b29 is located at the bottom of the wastewater layer inside the outer shell b11 to reduce the occurrence of bubbles being discharged with the wastewater. After the tail gas bubbles float to the surface, they are mixed with the limestone slurry water curtain again through the flow equalization plate 33 to remove the residual sulfur in the tail gas. This secondary desulfurization method of recovering tail gas increases the desulfurization effect of the device. At the same time, it can prevent the calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite in the desulfurization solution generated at the bottom of the desulfurization tower from forming precipitates and accumulating at the bottom of the desulfurization tower, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite. The exhaust gas enters the one-way vent cap 28 through the baffle 27. After passing through the vent 30, the exhaust gas overcomes the pressure of the torsion spring on the valve plate 31 and the water pressure of the sewage through its own air pressure, pushing the valve plate 31 open and entering the sewage. A torsion spring is provided at the connection between the valve plate 31 and the one-way vent cap 28. When there is no sewage in the desulfurization tower, the torsion force closes the valve plate 31 on the air hole. The valve plate 31 can play a check function when the desulfurization tower is working. When the air pressure inside the gas chamber 26 is less than the water pressure, the water pressure pushes the valve plate 31 back below the vent 30 to prevent sewage backflow. The exhaust gas after secondary treatment is discharged from outlet pipe b4 to the next process. This concludes the description of the working principle of the device.

[0029] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization, comprising a cooling and dust removal tower, a desulfurization tower body, a demister, and an outlet pipe b, wherein the cooling and dust removal tower is located on the left side of the desulfurization tower body, the demister is located above the desulfurization tower body, and the outlet pipe b is located above the demister, characterized in that: The cooling and dust removal tower also includes an outer shell a, a dust removal mechanism, a spraying mechanism, an inlet pipe a, an outlet pipe a, and a sewage discharge pipe a. The dust removal mechanism is located on the lower inner side of the outer shell a, the spraying mechanism is located above the dust removal mechanism, the inlet pipe a is located on the left side of the outer shell a between the dust removal mechanism and the spraying mechanism, the outlet pipe a is located above the outer shell a, and the sewage discharge pipe a is located on the lower right side of the outer shell a. The desulfurization tower body also includes an outer shell b, a sewage discharge mechanism, a flow equalization mechanism, a spraying pipeline, and an inlet pipe b. The sewage discharge mechanism is located on the lower inner side of the outer shell b, the flow equalization mechanism is located in the middle of the inner side of the outer shell b, the spraying pipeline is located above the flow equalization mechanism, and the inlet pipe b is located on the left side of the outer shell b between the flow equalization layer and the sewage discharge mechanism.

2. The high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism also includes a mounting column and dust removal filter plates. The mounting column is located at the bottom of the outer casing a, and the dust removal filter plates are respectively located on the outside of the mounting column.

3. The high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dust removal filter plate is provided with a spiral structure.

4. The high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying mechanism further includes a mounting bracket a, a cooling water ring pipe, branch pipes, and cooling water nozzles. The cooling water ring pipe is mounted on the mounting bracket a inside the outer casing a, the branch pipes are respectively arranged between the cooling water ring pipes, and the cooling water nozzles are respectively arranged above the branch pipes.

5. A high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling water nozzle also includes a base, a sleeve, a nozzle, and rotating blades. The base is located above the branch pipe, the sleeve is rotatably fitted onto the base, the nozzle with holes on its surface is located above the sleeve, and the rotating blades are located inside the nozzle.

6. The high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage discharge mechanism also includes a recovery pipe, an induced draft fan, an air chamber, a baffle, a one-way vent cap, and a sewage discharge pipe b. The baffle is set at the bottom of the outer shell b, forming an air chamber with the space below the outer shell b. The one-way vent caps are respectively set above the air chamber. The induced draft fan is set at the rear side of the desulfurization tower body. The recovery pipe is set below the outlet pipe b, and the recovery pipe connects the outlet pipe b, the induced draft fan, and the air chamber. The sewage discharge pipe b is set on the right side of the outer shell b above the baffle.

7. A high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The one-way vent is internally equipped with an air vent, a valve plate, and a torsion spring. The air vent is located inside the one-way vent, a section of the valve plate is hinged to the end of the air vent, and the torsion spring is located at the connection between the valve plate and the one-way vent.

8. A high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow equalization mechanism further includes a mounting frame b, a flow equalization plate, a fan, and cleaning strips. The mounting frame b is located inside the outer casing b. The flow equalization plate with air holes on its surface is fixedly mounted above the mounting frame b. The fan is rotated and mounted above the flow equalization plate. The cleaning strips are respectively located at the bottom of the fan, and the bottom of the cleaning strips is attached to the upper surface of the flow equalization plate.

9. A high-efficiency desulfurization tower for industrial tail gas desulfurization according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the flow equalization plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell b.

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