Locking device of five-axis gantry swing head spindle head

Abstract

The invention discloses a locking device of a five-axis gantry swing head spindle head, and relates to the technical field of five-axis swing head locking, the locking device comprises a main body shell, the bottom of the main body shell is fixedly connected with a machining table, the top of the main body shell is fixedly connected with a horizontal moving module, and the horizontal moving module is slidably connected with a lifting moving module; the face, away from the horizontal moving module, of the lifting moving module is slidably connected with a lifting frame, the bottom of the lifting frame is rotationally connected with a head swinging box, the interior of the head swinging box is rotationally connected with a spindle head, and the side face, located in the head swinging box, of the spindle head is provided with a brake module. And a second locking assembly is arranged on the main shaft head. The swing head box is locked through the first locking assembly, the situation that the swing head box rotates accidentally is avoided, the risk that workpiece machining deviates due to the fact that the swing head box rotates accidentally is reduced, the spindle head is further locked through the second locking assembly, and the workpiece machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of five-axis swivel head locking technology, and more specifically, to a locking device for the main spindle head of a five-axis gantry swivel head. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of high-end precision manufacturing equipment, the five-axis gantry machining center uses its swivel spindle head to achieve multi-degree-of-freedom machining through the linkage of the A-axis (rotation around the X-axis) and C-axis (rotation around the Z-axis). It is widely used in complex surface machining fields such as aerospace and mold manufacturing. The locking device of the swivel spindle head is a key component to ensure machining accuracy. Its function is to rigidly constrain the rotation of the spindle head during machining to prevent positional deviation caused by cutting forces, vibrations, and other factors. In the existing technology, the locking device of the five-axis swivel spindle head usually adopts a hydraulic brake module, which achieves locking by applying radial or axial pressure to the rotating axis. For example, the rotation of the swivel spindle head is restricted by the frictional contact between the brake pads and the brake disc.

[0003] However, existing locking devices have the following problems in practical applications: Traditional locking devices mostly rely on a single braking mechanism. When the hydraulic system leaks or the electromagnetic coil ages, the locking force is prone to decrease, causing the oscillating head spindle head to rotate slightly. This results in dimensional deviations in the workpiece during processing, especially in high-precision curved surface processing, where even slight deviations can lead to product scrap. As the core component of the spindle unit, the oscillating head spindle head can weigh hundreds of kilograms. Existing structures are usually only connected to the frame via the bottom rotating shaft, lacking top suspension constraints. Under high-speed rotation or emergency stop conditions, the oscillating head spindle head is prone to overturning moment, causing additional bending moment on the rotating bearing. Long-term use can lead to shaft deformation or even breakage, posing a safety hazard of the spindle head falling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a locking device for the main spindle head of a five-axis gantry swing head.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A locking device for a five-axis gantry swing head spindle head includes a main body shell, a processing table fixedly connected to the bottom of the main body shell, a horizontal moving module fixedly connected to the top of the main body shell, a lifting moving module slidably connected to the horizontal moving module, a lifting frame slidably connected to the lifting moving module, a swing head box rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting frame, a spindle head rotatably connected inside the swing head box, a brake module provided on one side of the spindle head inside the swing head box, a first locking component for locking the swing head box provided on the lifting frame, a second locking component for locking the spindle head and a third locking component for locking the drill bit provided on the spindle head; The third locking assembly includes an outer ring sleeve located below the spindle head. An inner ring is rotatably mounted inside the outer ring sleeve. A support is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner ring, and a rotating ring is rotatably connected thereto. A ring of protruding teeth is provided at the bottom of the rotating ring. Three guide slot frames arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the top of the inner ring. A stabilizing block is slidably connected inside each of the three guide slot frames. A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the side of each of the three stabilizing blocks that is close to each other. A gear that meshes with the protruding teeth of the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support. A planar thread is provided at the top of the rotating ring, and a threaded protrusion that matches the planar thread of the rotating ring is provided at the bottom of each stabilizing block.

[0006] Furthermore, the first locking assembly includes a first fixed frame fixedly connected to the lifting frame, the bottom of the first fixed frame having a track groove, a second fixed frame fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing head box, and a plurality of support rods evenly arranged in a circular array fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second fixed frame, the top of each support rod being slidably connected to the inside of the track groove, at least two fixed plates fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side wall of the lifting frame, two first electric telescopic rods fixedly connected to each fixed plate, movable plates fixedly connected to the telescopic shafts of the two first electric telescopic rods, and abutment plates fixedly connected to the ends of the two movable plates away from the fixed plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the track groove has a T-shaped cross-section, and the top shape of each support rod is adapted to the shape inside the track groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the surfaces of the contact plate and the support rod that are close to each other are roughened.

[0009] Furthermore, the contact plate on each movable plate is arc-shaped, and the curvature of this arc is the same as that of the support rods.

[0010] Furthermore, the second locking assembly includes a socket shaft fixedly connected to the spindle head, a fixed cover fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing head box, a first friction plate fixedly connected inside the fixed cover, a plug shaft inserted into the socket shaft, a second friction plate fixedly connected to the end of the plug shaft away from the socket shaft, the second friction plate being located beside the first friction plate, a second electric telescopic rod fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed cover, a connecting plate fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the second electric telescopic rod, and a plurality of hook rods arranged in a circular array fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate near the fixed cover, the end of the hook rod away from the connecting plate hooking the side of the second friction plate near the socket shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, a through hole is provided on the outer surface of the head box near the fixed cover, and the insertion shaft is located in the through hole. The internal cavity of the insertion shaft is cross-shaped, and the shape of the insertion shaft matches the shape of the insertion shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the surfaces of the second friction plate and the first friction plate that are close to each other are both made into rough surfaces, and the fixed cover is provided with multiple sliding holes for multiple hook rods to slide, and the cross-section of the hook rod is L-shaped.

[0013] Furthermore, the third locking assembly also includes fixed sleeves fixedly connected to both sides of the spindle head. A lifting rod is slidably connected inside each of the two fixed sleeves, and a fastening bolt is threadedly connected to the outer side of each of the two fixed sleeves. Threaded holes are opened on the outer surface of each of the two fixed sleeves for the fastening bolts to pass through. The two fastening bolts pass through the threaded holes and abut against the two lifting rods respectively. The outer ring is fixedly connected to the side of the two lifting rods that are close to each other. A roller is connected between the inner ring and the outer ring with multiple balls.

[0014] As described above, the beneficial effects of the locking device for the five-axis gantry swing head spindle head of the present invention are as follows: The first locking component locks the swivel head box to prevent accidental rotation, reduce the risk of workpiece processing deviation caused by accidental rotation, and ensure the accuracy of workpiece processing. The T-shaped track groove and the top of the support rod work together to suspend the oscillating head box, stabilizing its rotation and providing support to prevent it from falling due to excessive weight. This avoids damage to the oscillating head box and the main spindle head, improving the safety of the oscillating head box and the main spindle head during operation. After the brake module initially locks the spindle head, the second locking component further locks the spindle head, adding an extra layer of locking protection to prevent the spindle head from rotating unexpectedly after the brake module fails. The drill bit is further locked by the third locking component, which improves the safety of machining workpieces with the drill bit, reduces the probability of the drill bit bending, avoids drill bit breakage, and increases the service life of the drill bit. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall components of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lifting frame, swing head box, main shaft head, and other components of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lifting frame, fixing plate, first electric telescopic rod, and other components of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first electric telescopic rod, contact plate, and other components of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the second locking assembly and other components of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5Enlarged schematic diagram of component A in the middle; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of component B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the components of the present invention, including the insertion shaft, the second electric telescopic rod, the hook rod, and the second friction plate. Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the components of the present invention, including the insert shaft, the fixing cover, and the first friction plate. Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the third locking assembly and other components of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the third locking assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the third locking component of the present invention.

[0016] The reference numerals in the appendix of this invention are as follows: 1. Main body shell; 2. Processing table; 3. Fixed shell; 4. Horizontal moving module; 5. Lifting moving module; 6. Lifting frame; 7. Swinging head box; 8. Spindle head; 81. Brake module; First locking assembly: 91, first fixing frame; 92, track groove; 93, second fixing frame; 94, support rod; 95, fixing plate; 96, first electric telescopic rod; 961, movable plate; 97, abutment plate; Second locking assembly: 101, insertion shaft; 102, fixing cover; 103, first friction plate; 104, insertion shaft; 105, second friction plate; 106, second electric telescopic rod; 107, connecting plate; 108, hook rod; Third locking assembly: 111, fixing sleeve; 112, lifting rod; 113, fastening bolt; 114, outer ring sleeve; 115, ball bearing; 116, inner ring; 117, support platform; 118, rotating ring; 119, guide rail bracket; 1110, stabilizing block; 1111, pressure sensor; 1112, gear; 1113, insertion tube. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] The embodiments provided by the present invention will be described in detail below: like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a locking device for a five-axis gantry swing head spindle head includes a main body shell 1. A processing table 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main body shell 1. Two fixed shells 3 are fixedly connected to the top of the main body shell 1. A horizontal moving module 4 is fixedly connected between the two fixed shells 3. A lifting moving module 5 is slidably connected to the horizontal moving module 4. A lifting frame 6 is slidably connected to the side of the lifting moving module 5 away from the horizontal moving module 4. A swing head box 7 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting frame 6. A spindle head 8 is rotatably connected inside the swing head box 7. A brake module 81 is provided on one side of the spindle head 8 inside the swing head box 7. A first locking component is provided on the lifting frame 6 for supporting and locking the swing head box 7.

[0019] It should be noted that the horizontal moving module 4, the lifting moving module 5, the lifting frame 6, the swivel head box 7, the spindle head 8, and the brake module 81 are all existing structures. Specifically, the horizontal moving module 4 can drive the lifting moving module 5 to move horizontally in a straight line, the lifting moving module 5 can drive the lifting frame 6 to move vertically in a straight line, the swivel head box 7 can rotate 360 ​​degrees around the z-axis at the bottom of the lifting frame 6, the spindle head 8 can rotate around the x-axis on the swivel head box 7, and the brake module 81 can restrict the rotation of the spindle head 8, that is, it can lock the angle after the spindle head 8 has rotated. The bottom of the spindle head 8 can be connected to a drill bit.

[0020] The first locking assembly includes a first fixed frame 91 fixedly connected to the lifting frame 6. A ring of track grooves 92 is formed at the bottom of the first fixed frame 91. A second fixed frame 93 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing head box 7. Multiple support rods 94 arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second fixed frame 93. The top of each support rod 94 is slidably connected to the inside of the track groove 92. Two symmetrical fixed plates 95 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the lifting frame 6 by bolts. Two first electric telescopic rods 96 are fixedly connected to the sides of the two fixed plates 95 that are far apart from each other. Movable plates 961 are fixedly connected to the telescopic shafts of the two first electric telescopic rods 96. A stop plate 97 is fixedly connected to the end of each movable plate 961 that is far from the fixed plate 95.

[0021] It should be noted that the track groove 92 has a T-shaped cross-section, and the top shape of each support rod 94 is adapted to the internal shape of the track groove 92, thus limiting the support rod 94 to sliding only and preventing it from moving up and down. The contact plate 97 on each movable plate 961 is arc-shaped, and the curvature of this arc is the same as the curvature formed by the support rods 94, used to accommodate the support rods 94 arranged in a circular array. The movable plate 961 is also arc-shaped, and its curvature is the same as the curvature formed by the contact plates 97.

[0022] Specifically, when a workpiece needs to be processed, the operator fixes the workpiece on the processing table 2 using the existing fixture, and then starts the equipment to process the workpiece. The horizontal moving module 4 drives the lifting moving module 5 to slide horizontally, and the lifting moving module 5 drives the lifting frame 6 to move up and down. The swivel head box 7 rotates 360 degrees at the bottom of the lifting frame 6, and the spindle head 8 can rotate inside the swivel head box 7. Through the above movements, the drill bit at the bottom of the spindle head 8 processes the workpiece.

[0023] When the oscillating head box 7 rotates, the telescopic shaft of the first electric telescopic rod 96 is not extended, and the contact plate 97 will not contact the support rod 94. When the oscillating head box 7 rotates, it drives the second fixed frame 93 to rotate synchronously, and the second fixed frame 93 drives the support rod 94 to rotate synchronously. The top of the support rod 94 slides inside the track groove 92. When the support rod 94 slides inside the track groove 92, it does not affect the normal rotation of the oscillating head box 7. At the same time, with the cooperation of the T-shaped track groove 92 and the top of the support rod 94, the support rod 94 suspends the oscillating head box 7, stabilizing the rotation of the oscillating head box 7 and providing suspension support to prevent the oscillating head box 7 from falling due to excessive weight. This avoids damage to the oscillating head box 7 and the main spindle head 8, further improving the safety of the oscillating head box 7 and the main spindle head 8 during operation.

[0024] After the oscillating head box 7 rotates to the required angle, during the fixed-angle machining of the workpiece, the telescopic axes of the two first electric telescopic rods 96 extend to both sides. After the first electric telescopic rods 96 extend, they drive the two movable plates 961 to move synchronously to both sides. The two movable plates 961 cause the contact plate 97 to contact the support rod 94. After the contact plate 97 and the support rod 94 are in close contact, the contact plate 97 restricts the rotation of the support rod 94, thus limiting the rotation of the oscillating head box 7. This prevents the oscillating head box 7 from rotating unexpectedly after braking, reducing the problem of workpiece machining deviation caused by unexpected rotation and ensuring the accuracy of workpiece machining.

[0025] It should be noted that the side of the contact plate 97 facing the support rod 94 and the side of the support rod 94 facing the support rod 94 are roughened to increase the surface roughness, thereby enhancing the friction between the two and improving the locking effect.

[0026] When it is necessary to release the locking state of the swing head box 7, the telescopic shaft of the first electric telescopic rod 96 retracts, and the telescopic shaft of the first electric telescopic rod 96 drives the movable plate 961 to move towards the side closer to the fixed plate 95. The movable plate 961 causes the abutment plate 97 to no longer abut against the support rod 94, and thus no longer restricts the support rod 94. At this time, the swing head box 7 can rotate 360 ​​degrees.

[0027] like Figure 5 , Figures 7 to 9 As shown, a second locking assembly for further locking the spindle head 8 is provided on the spindle head 8. The second locking assembly includes an insertion shaft 101 fixedly connected to the spindle head 8. A fixing cover 102 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing head box 7 by bolts. A first friction plate 103 is fixedly connected inside the fixing cover 102. An insertion shaft 104 is inserted into the insertion shaft 101. A second friction plate 105 is fixedly connected to the end of the insertion shaft 104 away from the insertion shaft 101. The second friction plate 105 is located beside the first friction plate 103. A second electric telescopic rod 106 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixing cover 102. A connecting plate 107 is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the second electric telescopic rod 106. A plurality of hook rods 108 arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate 107 near the fixing cover 102.

[0028] It should be noted that a through hole is provided on the outer surface of the oscillating head box 7 near the fixed cover 102, and the insertion shaft 101 is located in this through hole. The internal cavity of the insertion shaft 101 is cross-shaped, and the shape of the insertion shaft 104 is adapted to the shape of the insertion shaft 101. The insertion shaft 104 is inserted into the cross-shaped cavity of the insertion shaft 101 and can move linearly along the cross-shaped cavity. The sides of the second friction plate 105 and the first friction plate 103 that are close to each other are both made into rough surfaces, so as to have greater friction when the first friction plate 103 and the second friction plate 105 come into contact. The fixed cover 102 is provided with multiple sliding holes for multiple hook rods 108 to slide. The cross section of the hook rod 108 is L-shaped. The end of the hook rod 108 away from the connecting plate 107 hooks the side of the second friction plate 105 near the insertion shaft 101, so as to effectively push the second friction plate 105 toward the first friction plate 103 after the hook rod 108 moves.

[0029] Specifically, when the main spindle head 8 rotates at the bottom of the swivel box 7, the telescopic shaft of the second electric telescopic rod 106 is not extended. When the angle of the main spindle head 8 is adjusted and needs to be fixed, the brake module 81 is activated to lock the main spindle head 8 to prevent the main spindle head 8 from rotating unexpectedly. However, locking the main spindle head 8 solely through the brake module 81 may cause wear of the brake module 81 during long-term use, which may lead to the failure of the brake locking of the main spindle head 8. To avoid the above situation, in this embodiment, when the spindle head 8 stops rotating, the telescopic shaft of the second electric telescopic rod 106 extends. The second electric telescopic rod 106 drives the connecting plate 107 to move away from the fixed cover 102. The connecting plate 107 drives multiple hook rods 108 to move synchronously. The end of the hook rod 108 away from the connecting plate 107 will abut and push the second friction plate 105, causing the second friction plate 105 to move closer to the first friction plate 103. After the second friction plate 105 moves, it will be in close contact with the first friction plate 103, so that the second friction plate 105 in close contact with the first friction plate 103 cannot rotate. The second friction plate 105, which cannot rotate, prevents the spindle head 8 from rotating through the cooperation of the insert shaft 104 and the insert hole shaft 101. This allows for locking when the brake module 81 fails, adding a layer of locking protection and preventing the spindle head 8 from rotating unexpectedly after the brake module 81 fails, thus improving the stability during workpiece processing.

[0030] Furthermore, after the spindle head 8 is locked, the hook rod 108 is in a state of pushing the second friction plate 105. Multiple hook rods 108 push the second friction plate 105 at the same time, which can ensure that the second friction plate 105 and the first friction plate 103 are in uniform contact. At the same time, the hook rod 108 and the first friction plate 103 can achieve a counteracting clamping effect on the second friction plate 105, thereby improving the locking effect of the second locking assembly on the spindle head 8.

[0031] It should be noted that during the movement of the second friction plate 105, the second friction plate 105 will drive the insertion shaft 104 to slide horizontally inside the insertion hole shaft 101. Since the interior of both the insertion shaft 104 and the insertion hole shaft 101 is set in a cross shape, the insertion shaft 104 will not rotate out of alignment during the horizontal sliding process inside the insertion hole shaft 101. At the same time, the insertion shaft 104 will not disengage from the insertion hole shaft 101 during the horizontal sliding process inside the insertion hole shaft 101.

[0032] When it is necessary to release the lock on the spindle head 8, the telescopic shaft of the second electric telescopic rod 106 retracts, driving the connecting plate 107 and the hook rod 108 to move closer to the spindle head 8. The hook rod 108 no longer pushes against the second friction plate 105. At this time, the second friction plate 105 and the first friction plate 103 are still in contact, but they are not in close contact. When the spindle head 8 rotates, the insertion shaft 104 can also be driven to rotate through the insertion shaft 101. The insertion shaft 104 can still drive the second friction plate 105 to rotate, so it will not affect the normal rotation of the spindle head 8.

[0033] like Figure 2 , Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the spindle head 8 is provided with a third locking assembly for stabilizing the drill bit. The third locking assembly includes a fixing sleeve 111 that is symmetrically fixed to both sides of the spindle head 8 by bolts. A lifting rod 112 is slidably connected inside each of the two fixing sleeves 111. A fastening bolt 113 is threadedly connected to the outer side of each of the two fixing sleeves 111. Threaded holes are opened on the outer surface of each of the two fixing sleeves 111 for the fastening bolt 113 to pass through. The two fastening bolts 113 pass through the threaded holes and abut against the two lifting rods 112 respectively.

[0034] Two lifting rods 112 are fixedly connected to an outer ring 114 on their bottom sides, which are close to each other. An inner ring 116 is provided inside the outer ring 114. A plurality of balls 115 arranged in a circular array are connected to the inner ring 116 and the outer ring 114 by rollers. A support platform 117 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner ring 116. A rotating ring 118 is rotatably provided on the outer surface of the inner ring 116. Three guide slot frames 119 arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the top of the inner ring 116. A stabilizing block 1110 is slidably connected inside each of the three guide slot frames 119. A pressure sensor 1111 is fixedly connected to the side of each of the three stabilizing blocks 1110 that is close to each other. Two gears 1112 are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support platform 117. A tube 1113 is fixedly connected to the end of each gear 1112 away from the support platform 117.

[0035] It should be noted that the top of the rotating ring 118 is provided with a planar thread, and the bottom of the rotating ring 118 is provided with multiple protruding teeth arranged in a ring array. Both gears 1112 mesh with the protruding teeth of the rotating ring 118, and the bottom of the stabilizing block 1110 is provided with threaded protrusions that are compatible with the planar thread of the rotating ring 118.

[0036] Specifically, when drilling the workpiece through the spindle head 8, a drill bit needs to be installed. When installing the drill bit below the spindle head 8, first pass the drill bit through the outer ring sleeve 114, then clamp the drill bit in the oscillating head box 7. Next, the operator uses a tool inserted into the insertion tube 1113 to rotate the gear 1112. The gear 1112 rotates on the support table 117, and the rotation of the gear 1112 drives the rotating ring 118 to rotate on the outer surface of the inner ring 116. The rotation of the rotating ring 118 will... The planar thread on the stabilizer 1110 engages with the threaded protrusion of the stabilizer 1110, causing the stabilizer 1110 to slide inside the guide slot frame 119. At this time, the three stabilizers 1110 will move synchronously toward the center of the inner ring 116 until the three stabilizers 1110 simultaneously abut against the drill bit. The pressure sensors 1111 on the three stabilizers 1110 will also simultaneously abut against the drill bit. Since the three pressure sensors 1111 abut against the drill bit synchronously, the pressure values ​​of the three pressure sensors 1111 are the same. By using the stabilizing block 1110 to clamp and hold the drill bit, the drill bit can be stabilized. When the drill bit rotates, the clamping of the stabilizing block 1110 causes the drill bit to rotate synchronously. The stabilizing block 1110 then causes the guide rail 119 and the inner ring 116 to rotate inside the outer ring sleeve 114. The rotation of the inner ring 116 causes the ball bearing 115 to rotate inside the outer ring sleeve 114, thus not affecting the normal rotation of the drill bit. This achieves stability of the drill bit during the workpiece processing process, avoids the drill bit from breaking when subjected to skew forces, prevents the drill bit from breaking off, improves the safety when using the drill bit to process workpieces, and reduces the probability of the drill bit bending after stabilizing the drill bit, thereby increasing the service life of the drill bit.

[0037] Furthermore, when the drill bit processes the workpiece, the spindle head 8 can rotate at multiple angles on the swivel head box 7, thus enabling oblique processing of the workpiece. However, during oblique processing, non-perpendicular resistance can easily be generated on the drill bit, potentially leading to drill bit breakage. When the drill bit is performing oblique processing, if the oblique force is too large, it will cause the drill bit to bend in the opposite direction. This increases the pressure on the pressure sensor 1111 in the bending direction, resulting in uneven pressure on the three pressure sensors 1111. If the pressure value of the pressure sensor 1111 exceeds the threshold, the controller will stop the spindle head 8 and control the lifting and moving module 5 to drive the lifting frame 6 upward. After the lifting frame 6 moves upward, it will drive the spindle head 8 upward through the swivel head box 7. The spindle head 8 will then drive the drill bit upward, preventing the drill bit from contacting the workpiece and thus avoiding excessive non-perpendicular resistance on the drill bit, further preventing drill bit breakage.

[0038] It should be noted that during the process of clamping the drill bit with the stabilizing block 1110, before clamping the drill bit with the stabilizing block 1110, the operator can loosen the fastening bolt 113, so that the fastening bolt 113 is no longer in close contact with the lifting rod 112. At this time, the operator can pull the two lifting rods 112, so that the lifting rods 112 move up and down inside the fixed sleeve 111. When drilling a deeper hole in the workpiece with the drill bit, the lifting rod 112 can be moved upward. The lifting rod 112 will drive the outer ring sleeve 114 to move upward synchronously. The outer ring sleeve 114 drives the inner ring 116 to move upward. The inner ring 116 drives the guide slot frame 119 and the stabilizing block 1110 to move upward. After the stabilizing block 1110 moves upward, the clamping position of the drill bit can be adjusted to a higher position, so as to avoid the drill bit interfering with the processing of the workpiece after the drill bit is clamped and stabilized. Conversely, when drilling a shallow hole in the workpiece, the lifting rod 112 can be moved downwards, thereby lowering the clamping position of the stabilizing block 1110 on the drill bit, providing more stable protection for the drill bit. After adjusting the clamping position of the stabilizing block 1110, the fastening bolt 113 is retightened, ensuring that the fastening bolt 113 is once again in close contact with the lifting rod 112, thus locking the lifting rod 112 inside the fixing sleeve 111.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking device for a five-axis gantry swing head spindle head, comprising a main body shell (1), a processing table (2) fixedly connected to the bottom of the main body shell (1), a horizontal moving module (4) fixedly connected to the top of the main body shell (1), a lifting moving module (5) slidably connected to the horizontal moving module (4), a lifting frame (6) slidably connected to the lifting moving module (5), a swing head box (7) rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting frame (6), a spindle head (8) rotatably connected inside the swing head box (7), and a brake module (81) provided on one side of the spindle head (8) inside the swing head box (7), characterized in that, The lifting frame (6) is provided with a first locking component for locking the swing head box (7), and the spindle head (8) is provided with a second locking component for locking the spindle head (8) and a third locking component for locking the drill bit; The third locking assembly includes an outer ring sleeve (114) located below the spindle head (8). An inner ring (116) is rotatably arranged inside the outer ring sleeve (114). A support (117) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the inner ring (116), and a rotating ring (118) is rotatably connected. A ring of protruding teeth is provided at the bottom of the rotating ring (118). Three guide slot frames (119) arranged in a ring array are fixedly connected to the top of the inner ring (116). A stabilizing block (1110) is slidably connected inside each of the three guide slot frames (119). A pressure sensor (1111) is fixedly connected to the side of the three stabilizing blocks (1110) that is close to each other. A gear (1112) that meshes with the protruding teeth of the rotating ring (118) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the support (117). A planar thread is provided at the top of the rotating ring (118), and a threaded protrusion that matches the planar thread of the rotating ring (118) is provided at the bottom of each stabilizing block (1110).

2. The locking device for the main spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first locking assembly includes a first fixed frame (91) fixedly connected to the lifting frame (6), a track groove (92) is provided at the bottom of the first fixed frame (91), a second fixed frame (93) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the swing head box (7), a plurality of support rods (94) arranged in a circular array are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second fixed frame (93), the top of each support rod (94) is slidably connected to the inside of the track groove (92), at least two fixed plates (95) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner side wall of the lifting frame (6), two first electric telescopic rods (96) are fixedly connected to each fixed plate (95), a movable plate (961) is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of each of the two first electric telescopic rods (96), and an abutment plate (97) is fixedly connected to the end of each movable plate (961) away from the fixed plate (95).

3. The locking device for the main spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the track groove (92) is T-shaped, and the top shape of each support rod (94) is adapted to the shape inside the track groove (92).

4. The locking device for the main spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surfaces of the contact plate (97) and the support rod (94) that are close to each other are roughened.

5. The locking device for the main spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact plate (97) on each movable plate (961) is arc-shaped, and the arc of the arc is the same as the arc formed by the support rod (94).

6. The locking device for the spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second locking assembly includes a socket shaft (101) fixedly connected to the spindle head (8), a fixing cover (102) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the head box (7), a first friction plate (103) fixedly connected inside the fixing cover (102), a plug shaft (104) inserted into the socket shaft (101), and a second friction plate (105) fixedly connected to the end of the plug shaft (104) away from the socket shaft (101). The second friction plate (105) is located at the first friction plate (103). On the side of 03), a second electric telescopic rod (106) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed cover (102). A connecting plate (107) is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the second electric telescopic rod (106). A plurality of hook rods (108) arranged in a ring array are fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate (107) near the fixed cover (102). The end of the hook rod (108) away from the connecting plate (107) hooks the side of the second friction plate (105) near the insertion shaft (101).

7. The locking device for the main spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 6, characterized in that, The swivel box (7) has a through hole on the outer surface of the side near the fixed cover (102). The insertion shaft (101) is located in the through hole. The internal cavity of the insertion shaft (101) is cross-shaped. The shape of the insertion shaft (104) is adapted to the shape of the insertion shaft (101).

8. The locking device for the main spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surfaces of the second friction plate (105) and the first friction plate (103) that are close to each other are both rough surfaces. The fixed cover (102) has multiple sliding holes for sliding multiple hook rods (108). The cross-section of the hook rod (108) is L-shaped.

9. The locking device for the main spindle head of the five-axis gantry swing head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third locking assembly also includes fixed sleeves (111) fixedly connected to both sides of the spindle head (8). A lifting rod (112) is slidably connected inside each of the two fixed sleeves (111). A fastening bolt (113) is threadedly connected to the outer side of each of the two fixed sleeves (111). Threaded holes are provided on the outer surfaces of the two fixed sleeves (111) for the fastening bolt (113) to pass through. The two fastening bolts (113) pass through the threaded holes and abut against the two lifting rods (112) respectively. An outer ring sleeve (114) is fixedly connected to the side of the two lifting rods (112) that are close to each other. A roller is connected between the inner ring (116) and the outer ring sleeve (114) with multiple balls (115).

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