Temporary guardrail mounting buckle welding method and installation method for steel structure main beam

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a steel structure girder temporary guardrail mounting buckle welding method, which comprises the following steps: establishing welding positioning marks on square steel of a set length at a set interval; processing self-positioning assemblies to be welded, which comprise: at least two extrusion bolts arranged in parallel and in the same direction; a first type steel through a threaded hole for each extrusion bolt; a second type steel through a second light hole for one of the extrusion bolts; pre-welding positioning of a plurality of self-positioning assemblies relative to the square steel according to the welding positioning marks; tightening temporary locking nuts so that the two type steels clamp the square steel; spot welding positioning of each type steel relative to the square steel; removing the temporary locking nuts and performing complete path welding of each type steel relative to the square steel. The present application realizes efficient and accurate welding of the mounting buckle without damaging the steel structure girder, without relying on tooling and without increasing the risk of deformation. The present application also protects a steel structure girder temporary guardrail mounting buckle mounting method.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a steel structure main beam temporary guardrail installation buckle welding method and installation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The steel structure main beam temporary guardrail is a protective structure temporarily erected at the edge of the steel structure main beam to protect workers from falling risks during high-altitude installation of the steel structure. The currently used steel structure main beam temporary guardrail includes:

[0003] A stand column, usually a steel pipe with standard connection holes or quick-release buckles; a stand column base, currently mostly a U-shaped clamp obtained by bending a plate body, covering a local flange of the steel structure main beam, and fastened on the flange of the steel structure main beam by high-strength bolts penetrating the U-shaped clamp and the steel structure main beam at the same time. The upper part of the U-shaped clamp is provided with a vertical sleeve or a standard socket for inserting and locking the stand column; a cross pipe connected with the stand column through the standard connection holes or quick-release buckles on the stand column to form a grid-shaped protective structure.

[0004] After the installation of the stand column, the stand column base and the cross pipe is completed, a protective structure with a certain protective area fixedly connected with the steel structure main beam can be formed, but the above structure often has the following problems in the manufacturing process:

[0005] During the installation of the U-shaped clamp relative to the steel structure main beam, a hole is needed to be made on the steel structure main beam for the high-strength bolt to penetrate, so as to realize the connection of the U-shaped clamp and the steel structure main beam. This way damages the main structure of the steel structure main beam, causes damage to the coating on the beam surface, and increases the difficulty of corrosion prevention.

[0006] In order to solve this problem, the existing optimization method sets a threaded hole on one side of the U-shaped clamp and sets an extrusion bolt corresponding to the hole. After the U-shaped clamp is wrapped around the flange of the steel structure main beam, the flange of the steel structure main beam is extruded by tightening the extrusion bolt, so that the flange of the steel structure main beam tightly fits the other side of the U-shaped clamp, thereby realizing the fixation of the U-shaped clamp relative to the flange of the steel structure main beam. In this way, the structural strength requirement of the U-shaped clamp is higher than that of the U-shaped clamp fixed by the high-strength bolt.

[0007] Therefore, the U-shaped clamps in this method are instead obtained through welding of steel profiles. Specifically, multiple U-shaped clamps are first obtained by welding square steel or angle steel. However, due to the limited cross-sectional dimensions of the square steel or angle steel used, the U-shaped clamps obtained in this way often have insufficient contact area with the flange of the main steel beam. Therefore, during implementation, two U-shaped clamps are welded to the connecting structure to form a whole. The connecting structure here also uses profiles, thus obtaining a whole column base that can achieve multi-point compression fixation with the flange of the main steel beam. Finally, the column, vertical sleeve or standard socket is welded to the column base.

[0008] During the aforementioned processing, the welding of U-shaped clamps and the welding of the two U-shaped clamps to the connecting structure both require tooling positioning. This method of positioning and welding each steel main beam temporary guardrail individually results in low production efficiency and fluctuating welding quality. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides a method for welding and installing temporary guardrail clips on steel main beams, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0011] The method for welding the fasteners for installing temporary guardrails on steel main beams includes:

[0012] Establish welding positioning marks at predetermined intervals on square steel of a predetermined length;

[0013] A self-positioning assembly to be welded is processed, the self-positioning assembly comprising: at least two parallel and unidirectional extrusion bolts; a first profile steel through which each of the extrusion bolts passes via a threaded hole; and a second profile steel through which one of the extrusion bolts passes via a second through-hole.

[0014] According to the welding positioning marks, pre-welding positioning of several self-positioning components relative to the square steel includes: clamping the square steel between the parallel surfaces of the first and second profiles; inserting a pressing bolt corresponding to the second aperture through the first and second profiles respectively, and installing a temporary locking nut at the end protruding from the second profile; screwing another pressing bolt relative to the first profile out a distance equal to the clamping thickness of the square steel to form a first support position, the square steel forming a second support position, the two support positions keeping the two profiles parallel, and controlling the second aperture to be located between the two support positions; and tightening the temporary locking nut so that the two profiles clamp the square steel.

[0015] Pre-positioning of each type of steel by spot welding relative to the square steel;

[0016] Remove the temporary locking nut and perform full-path welding of each type of steel relative to the square steel.

[0017] Furthermore, the welding positioning marks are obtained by laser etching.

[0018] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the threaded hole in the first steel section includes:

[0019] A first light hole is machined on the first steel section for the extrusion bolt to pass through;

[0020] Corresponding to each of the first optical holes, a fixing bolt is welded, and the fixing bolt provides the threaded hole.

[0021] Furthermore, when performing full-path welding of various steel sections relative to the square steel, the welding area covers the welding positioning mark.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes detecting the offset of the weld center or edge relative to the laser etching mark by X-ray, and judging the weld quality based on the offset.

[0023] Furthermore, both the first and second steel sections are made of angle steel, with one side of the angle steel serving as a reinforcing rib structure.

[0024] Furthermore, the pre-positioning of the spot welding includes:

[0025] Identify the joints between the angle steel and the square steel;

[0026] Symmetrically select the first and last weld points on the joint, and select the center weld point;

[0027] The welding of the first and last weld points is performed alternately one by one.

[0028] Perform welding on the central weld point.

[0029] Furthermore, the penetration depth of the first and last weld points is equal and greater than that of the center weld point.

[0030] Furthermore, during the spot welding pre-positioning process, the interval between welding of adjacent weld points is ≥15 seconds.

[0031] The installation method for the temporary guardrail clips on the steel main beam is as follows: The temporary guardrail clips on the steel main beam are obtained by the welding method described above, including:

[0032] The square steel is cut to the required length to obtain mounting clips with the required number of self-positioning components;

[0033] Rotate each of the compression bolts so that the gap between the first and second steel sections allows the partial flange of the main steel beam to enter and achieves edge contact with the square steel.

[0034] The compression bolts are rotated in the opposite direction to compress the partial flange of the main steel beam, so that the compressive force between the partial flange of the main steel beam and the steel section on one side of the self-positioning component reaches a set value.

[0035] The technical solution of this invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0036] This invention achieves efficient and precise welding of installation clips without damaging the main steel beam, without relying on tooling, and without increasing the risk of deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the welding method for installing clips on temporary guardrails for steel main beams;

[0039] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the square steel, the first type of steel, the second type of steel, and the extrusion bolts;

[0040] Figure 3 A flowchart for pre-welding and positioning several self-positioning components relative to square steel;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the pre-welding positioning of several self-positioning components relative to square steel.

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a self-positioning component completing pre-welding positioning relative to a square steel bar;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Side view;

[0044] Figure 7 Flowchart for pre-positioning spot welding;

[0045] Figure 8 A flowchart illustrating the method for installing clips on temporary guardrails for steel main beams;

[0046] Figure 9 Side view of the temporary guardrail installation clips relative to the completed installation of the steel main beam;

[0047] Figure 10 A front view of the temporary guardrail installation clips relative to the completed installation of the steel main beam;

[0048] Figure 11 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0049] Figure 12 for Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0050] Figure 13 for Figure 10 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0051] Figure label:

[0052] 01. Welding positioning mark; 02. Square steel; 021. Welding surface; 03. First type of steel; 031. Threaded hole; 032. First smooth hole; 04. Second type of steel; 041. Second smooth hole; 051. First clamping bolt; 052. Second clamping bolt; 06. Temporary lock nut; 071. First support position; 072. Second support position; 08. Main steel beam; 09. Column. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for welding the fasteners for installing temporary guardrails on steel main beams includes:

[0056] A1: Establish welding positioning marks 01 at predetermined intervals on the square steel 02 of a predetermined length; in this step, the use of square steel 02 provides a smooth welding surface 021. Figure 2 The diagram shows the schematic position of welding positioning mark 01 on welding surface 021;

[0057] A2: Processing the self-positioning assembly to be welded, the self-positioning assembly including: at least two parallel and unidirectional pressing bolts; a first steel profile 03 through a threaded hole 031 for each pressing bolt to pass through; a second steel profile 04 through a second open hole 041 for one of the pressing bolts to pass through; such as Figure 2 and Figure 11 As shown, an exploded view of square steel 02, first type steel 03, second type steel 04 and extrusion bolts is displayed. The self-positioning component has a simple structure and is easy to process.

[0058] A3: According to welding positioning mark 01, pre-weld and position several self-positioning components relative to square steel 02, such as... Figure 3As shown, the method includes: clamping square steel 02 between the parallel surfaces of first steel 03 and second steel 04; inserting a pressing bolt corresponding to the second aperture 041 through the first steel 03 and second steel 04 respectively. In this embodiment, the pressing bolt is used as the first pressing bolt 051, and a temporary locking nut 06 is installed at the end protruding from the second steel 04; and screwing another pressing bolt, in this embodiment as the second pressing bolt 052, relative to the first steel 03 by a distance equal to the clamping thickness of square steel 02. Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the distance value is H1, forming the first support position 071, and the square steel 02 forms the second support position 072. The two support positions keep the two steel sections parallel, and the second aperture 041 is controlled to be located between the two support positions. Tighten the temporary locking nut 06 so that the two steel sections clamp the square steel 02. The tightening here needs to ensure the set torque. The state after the pre-welding positioning is completed is as follows. Figures 4-6 As shown; in this embodiment, two compression bolts are preferably provided. When the number is greater than two, only two can participate in the above process, and the remaining compression bolts are only used in the subsequent installation process relative to the main steel beam.

[0059] A4: Spot welding pre-positions each type of steel relative to square steel 02; In the state of rigid clamping at double support points completed in step A3, spot welding temporarily solidifies the contact edge between the steel and square steel 02 into a geometrically invariable system. In specific implementation, the area away from the extrusion bolt can be welded first to avoid thermal expansion displacement of the bolt caused by heat conduction. In this embodiment, it is preferable to set 3 to 7 weld points for each type of steel to ensure sufficient resistance to mechanical vibration in subsequent operations, which maintains the parallel clamping accuracy in step A3 and reserves a stress release channel for subsequent welding.

[0060] A5: Remove the temporary locking nut 06 and perform full-path welding of each type of steel relative to the square steel 02. Specifically, release the axial constraint on the first clamping bolt 051, retain the amount of the second clamping bolt 052 unscrewing H1, and keep the first support position 071 unchanged.

[0061] During the above welding process, the required welding position can be optimized relative to the welding equipment by fixing, rotating, or moving the square steel 02. After welding using the above method, the square steel 02 is cut to obtain the required installation clips. In this embodiment, the square steel 02 is used as a positioning reference, and the active support point is formed by unscrewing the extrusion bolt. Combined with the synergistic effect of the passive support point of the square steel 02, the self-positioning component achieves self-locking fastening, replacing physical tooling. The thickness of the square steel 02 is adaptively adjusted by adjusting the stroke of the extrusion bolt. During implementation, the double support points form a rigid parallel clamping area, constructing a geometrically stable structure resistant to deformation. The parallelism of the steel is forcibly maintained during the pre-welding stage to counteract the thermal deformation trend in the free state. After spot welding, the temporary locking nut 06 is removed to release welding stress and avoid subsequent deformation caused by residual stress accumulation.

[0062] This embodiment transforms the extrusion bolt of the functional component into a positioning tool, realizing different functions in the processing and use stages. The overall welding and cutting process optimizes material utilization. The installation buckle obtained by cutting can include two or more self-positioning components, where each self-positioning component forms a corresponding U-shaped clamp structure together with the square steel 02. The specific area of ​​interaction with the flange of the steel main beam can be flexibly adjusted by the cutting length.

[0063] Specifically, the cutting process of square steel 02 can be completed in the processing workshop or on the construction site, depending on transportation requirements and site conditions. This invention achieves efficient and precise welding of the installation clips without damaging the main steel beam, without relying on tooling, and without increasing the risk of deformation.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment, the welding positioning mark 01 is obtained by laser etching, thereby obtaining clear engravings, ensuring the spacing accuracy of subsequent self-positioning components, and avoiding clamping deviations due to blurred marks. Laser etching involves no physical pressure and can suppress thermal stress deformation, maintaining the original flatness of the square steel 02 reference surface and ensuring uniform clamping force on the steel section. Even on the same square steel 02, multiple sets of differentiated spacing marks can be etched.

[0065] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the method for obtaining the threaded hole 031 in the first steel 03 includes:

[0066] A first smooth hole 032 for the extrusion bolt to pass through is machined on the first type of steel 03;

[0067] Weld fixing bolts to each of the first optical holes 032, and provide threaded holes 031 for the fixing bolts.

[0068] In practice, welding fixing bolts replaces direct tapping, avoiding the failure risk of insufficient thread engagement depth in thin-walled steel and improving tensile bearing capacity. The outer diameter / pitch of the fixing bolts can be freely selected, and the welding position can avoid the stress-sensitive area of ​​the steel. The structural integrity is enhanced by overlay welding on the periphery.

[0069] When obtaining the welding positioning mark 01 through laser etching, as a further preferred method, when performing full-path welding of various steel profiles relative to the square steel 02, the welding area covers the welding positioning mark 01. In this optimized method, the groove formed by the laser etching becomes a flow guide structure for the molten pool, driving the weld metal to crystallize directionally along the etching direction, which can suppress welding shrinkage deformation to a certain extent. The etching line serves as a preferred path for heat conduction, ensuring that the weld heat-affected zone is evenly distributed along the marking line.

[0070] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the method for welding the temporary guardrail installation clips on the steel main beam further includes using X-ray detection to determine the offset of the weld center or edge relative to the laser etching mark, and judging the welding quality based on the offset. In this preferred embodiment, the etching mark serves as a detection baseline. During implementation, a specific process tolerance threshold for the offset can be set, such as a process tolerance threshold of 0.2 mm. When the offset exceeds the process tolerance threshold, an alarm is automatically triggered.

[0071] As a preferred embodiment of the above, both the first steel 03 and the second steel 04 are made of angle steel, with one side of the angle steel serving as a reinforcing rib structure, and the two right-angled sides of the angle steel forming a self-calibrating reference surface.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment of the above, such as Figure 7 As shown, the pre-positioning for spot welding includes:

[0073] B1: Identify the joints of angle steel and square steel 02;

[0074] B2: Select the first and last weld points symmetrically on the joint, as well as the center weld point;

[0075] B3: Weld the first and last weld points alternately one by one;

[0076] B4: Perform welding of the center weld point.

[0077] By designing a symmetrical skip welding sequence with alternating welding at the beginning and end and central repair welding in the above steps, the welding thermal deformation suppression and pre-positioning strength are precisely matched. The alternating welding of the beginning and end points generates a reverse shrinkage force interlock to construct an internal force balance domain, thereby reducing the deformation of the angle steel.

[0078] To further optimize the welding process, this embodiment sets the penetration depth of the first and last weld points to be equal and greater than that of the center weld point. The deep penetration at the first and last weld points forms a rigid anchoring zone to resist handling vibrations, while the shallow penetration at the center establishes a weak constraint zone, allowing elastic deformation when the temporary locking nut 06 is removed, thus releasing the bolt preload stress. By differentially controlling the weld penetration depth, the smaller penetration depth at the center creates the physical conditions for releasing bolt stress when the temporary locking nut 06 is subsequently removed.

[0079] During the pre-positioning process of spot welding, it is preferable to have a welding interval of ≥15 seconds between adjacent welding points to ensure that the welding heat is dissipated through the conduction of the angle steel, release thermal expansion, and avoid cumulative deformation.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] like Figures 8-10 As shown in Figures 12 and 13, the installation method of the temporary guardrail installation clips for the steel main beam is as follows: In this embodiment, the temporary guardrail installation clips for the steel main beam are obtained by the welding method described in Embodiment 1, including:

[0082] S1: Cut the square steel 02 to the required length to obtain mounting clips with the required number of self-positioning components;

[0083] In this invention, the cutting-out mounting clips are used as column bases and are directly connected to the column 09, such as by welding, or indirectly connected to the column 09 through a vertical sleeve or standard socket. The vertical sleeve or standard socket is often installed by welding. Based on the above functions, the number of self-positioning components on each mounting clip is usually selected according to the number of columns 09 to be installed. When multiple columns 09 need to be installed, the number of self-positioning components should be appropriately increased by increasing the cutting length of the square steel 02, so as to ensure the positional stability of the column 09 through sufficient installation strength during use.

[0084] S2: Rotate each clamping bolt, i.e. loosen the clamping bolts, so that the gap between the first steel section 03 and the second steel section 04 allows the partial flange of the main steel beam 08 to enter and achieve the edge to fit with the square steel 02; after fitting, the sufficient contact area can ensure the positional stability of the installation buckle relative to the main steel beam 08.

[0085] S3: Reverse rotation of each clamping bolt to clamp the local flange of the main steel beam 08, so that the clamping force between the local flange of the main steel beam 08 and the steel section on one side of the self-positioning component reaches a set value. This set value can be achieved by controlling the tightening torque of the clamping bolts. To increase the contact area between the clamping bolts and the main steel beam 08, thereby increasing the friction, a clamping seat can be fixedly installed at the end of the clamping bolt, thereby increasing the extension area relative to the end of the clamping bolt. Specifically, the clamping seat can be connected to the clamping bolt by welding or by a connector.

[0086] The technical effects achieved in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] Those skilled in the art should understand that this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for welding clips for installing temporary guardrails on steel main beams, characterized in that, include: Establish welding positioning marks at predetermined intervals on square steel of a predetermined length; A self-positioning assembly to be welded is processed, the self-positioning assembly comprising: at least two parallel and unidirectional extrusion bolts; a first profile steel through which each of the extrusion bolts passes via a threaded hole; and a second profile steel through which one of the extrusion bolts passes via a second through-hole. According to the welding positioning marks, pre-welding positioning of several self-positioning components relative to the square steel includes: clamping the square steel between the parallel surfaces of the first and second profiles; inserting a pressing bolt corresponding to the second aperture through the first and second profiles respectively, and installing a temporary locking nut at the end protruding from the second profile; screwing another pressing bolt relative to the first profile out a distance equal to the clamping thickness of the square steel to form a first support position, the square steel forming a second support position, the two support positions keeping the two profiles parallel, and controlling the second aperture to be located between the two support positions; and tightening the temporary locking nut so that the two profiles clamp the square steel. Pre-positioning of each type of steel by spot welding relative to the square steel; Remove the temporary locking nut and perform full-path welding of each type of steel relative to the square steel.

2. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The welding positioning marks are obtained by laser etching.

3. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for obtaining the threaded hole in the first steel profile includes: A first light hole is machined on the first steel section for the extrusion bolt to pass through; Corresponding to each of the first optical holes, a fixing bolt is welded, and the fixing bolt provides the threaded hole.

4. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 2, characterized in that, When performing full-path welding of various steel profiles relative to the square steel, the welding area covers the welding positioning mark.

5. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes using X-rays to detect the offset of the weld center or edge relative to the laser etching mark, and judging the weld quality based on the offset.

6. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first and second steel sections are made of angle steel, with one side of the angle steel serving as a reinforcing rib.

7. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pre-positioning of the spot welding includes: Identify the joints between the angle steel and the square steel; Symmetrically select the first and last weld points on the joint, and select the center weld point; The welding of the first and last weld points is performed alternately one by one. Perform welding on the central weld point.

8. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 7, characterized in that, The penetration depth of the first and last weld points is equal and greater than that of the center weld point.

9. The method for welding the installation clips of temporary guardrails on steel main beams according to claim 7, characterized in that, During the pre-positioning process of spot welding, the interval between welding of adjacent welding points is ≥15 seconds.

10. A method for installing clips on temporary guardrails for steel main beams, characterized in that, The temporary guardrail installation clips for the steel main beam are obtained using the welding method described in any one of claims 1 to 9, including: The square steel is cut to the required length to obtain mounting clips with the required number of self-positioning components; Rotate each of the compression bolts so that the gap between the first and second steel sections allows the partial flange of the main steel beam to enter and achieves edge contact with the square steel. The compression bolts are rotated in the opposite direction to compress the partial flange of the main steel beam, so that the compressive force between the partial flange of the main steel beam and the steel section on one side of the self-positioning component reaches a set value.

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