Preparation method and preparation device of high-elasticity composite fiber

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of continuous and non-continuous fiber reinforced composite materials, and particularly discloses a high-elasticity composite fiber preparation method and a high-elasticity composite fiber preparation device.The high-elasticity composite fiber preparation method comprises the following steps that S1, oil stains and auxiliaries on the surfaces of raw material fibers are removed, and then the interface bonding force of the raw material fibers and an elastic matrix is improved through plasma treatment or coating of a coupling agent; s2, the surface of the elastic base body raw material is cleaned, and moisture in the base body raw material is removed through a vacuum drying box; and S3, the treated matrix raw materials are poured into a weightlessness scale feeding machine, and raw material fibers are poured into a fiber feeding machine. A matrix raw material is drained by the inclined surface of the cone and the arc-shaped surface of the guide sheet, so that the matrix raw material is conveniently separated from the separator, the adding and mixing work of fibers is forced to be transferred into the mixing cover to obtain an independently mixed cavity, the fibers are effectively prevented from directly contacting functional elements, and the mixing efficiency is improved. And the problems of damage to the surfaces of the screw flights and the screw grooves and carbonization adhesion are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to continuous and discontinuous fiber reinforced composite material technology, specifically a method and apparatus for preparing highly elastic composite fibers. Background Technology

[0002] High-elasticity composite fibers are commonly used in civilian textiles, medical and health products, and special industrial equipment. The preparation process mainly involves adding continuous and discontinuous fibers to reinforce composite materials, such as spandex (continuous fiber) reinforced elastic polyurethane composites and elastic polyester staple fiber (non-spiral fiber) reinforced styrene-butadiene rubber composites. These materials possess both a "fiber-reinforced" composite structure and "high elasticity" properties. When processing the compounding of discontinuous fibers, discontinuous elastic staple fibers are typically compounded with an elastic matrix (such as raw rubber) in a single-screw / twin-screw extruder, and then extruded to form high-elasticity composite fibers, which can be used in the production of elastic nonwoven fabrics and sealing materials.

[0003] For example, the publication (announcement) number: CN104309095B, ​​publication (announcement) date: 2017-06-20, discloses a twin-screw extruder, including a barrel and two screw units, both of which are located inside the barrel. One section of the screw unit meshes to form a meshing section, and the end of the meshing section is the discharge port. It also includes an independent section and a filling section. The barrel is divided into two independent through channels. The independent section, filling section and meshing section are arranged sequentially along the screw unit conveying direction. The two screw units in the independent section and the filling section are in a non-meshing state, and the two screw units in the independent section and the filling section are each located in their respective channels. The entire barrel is equipped with a heater, and the filling section is equipped with a filler.

[0004] The shortcomings of existing technologies lie in the fact that when counter-rotating elements (including counter-rotating threaded elements and counter-rotating kneading elements) are installed on the screw spline shaft of a twin-screw extruder for mixing purposes, the operating temperature of the inner wall of the barrel can easily exceed the fiber's tolerance limit. This can cause some fibers to degrade and carbonize at high temperatures, resulting in a carbonized layer adhering to the screw ridges and grooves, interfering with the normal heat conduction from the inside of the screw, exacerbating heat accumulation, and further aggravating the adhesion problem, creating a vicious cycle. Therefore, the screw surface is usually coated with polytetrafluoroethylene or ceramic coating to reduce carbon deposits, and periodic shutdowns and screw removal for cleaning are also required, leading to increased equipment maintenance workload and reduced production capacity. Furthermore, when adding fibers with abnormal shapes that have not been preheated, the fibers are prone to agglomeration during transport and the adhesion of impurities. This causes the fibers to easily exert pressure and friction on the screw surface after entering the barrel, resulting in scratches or damage to the screw ridge edges and even the screw groove surface. This leads to the deposition and adhesion of the transported material, increasing the difficulty of maintenance and cleaning. It will also remove the anti-adhesion coating on the screw surface, thereby affecting the thermal conductivity. This will affect the mixing efficiency of fibers and materials during subsequent composite fiber processing, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of the finished product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for preparing highly elastic composite fibers, so as to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for preparing highly elastic composite fibers includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Remove oil and auxiliaries from the surface of the raw material fibers, and then improve the interfacial bonding force between the raw material fibers and the elastic matrix through plasma treatment or coating with coupling agent.

[0009] S2. Clean the surface of the elastic matrix material and remove the moisture from the matrix material using a vacuum drying oven;

[0010] S3. Pour the processed matrix raw material into the loss-in-weight feeder, and pour the raw material fiber into the fiber feeder;

[0011] S4. The matrix raw material is melted by an extruder so that it mixes with the raw material fiber when it passes through the fiber feeding position;

[0012] S5. Add antioxidants and UV stabilizers to the extruder to improve the aging resistance of the composite fiber;

[0013] S6. The mixed matrix raw materials and raw material fibers are extruded from the discharge end of the extruder, so that the continuous finished products are cured and shaped by a cold water bath.

[0014] S7. The finished composite fiber is stretched at low speed and then processed by winding or cutting equipment.

[0015] A high-elasticity composite fiber preparation apparatus includes an extruder for performing the above steps S3-S6, wherein the extruder is provided with a barrel having a square inlet on its upper end face, and also includes a mixing hood connected to the square inlet, wherein an inclined conveyor is fixedly installed on the mixing hood;

[0016] The barrel contains two horizontally distributed shafts, and each shaft is fixedly fitted with an isolation component that interlocks with each other and maintains a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the barrel.

[0017] The isolation component has cones fixedly installed at both ends, and the sidewalls of the cones are obliquely placed on the square inlet and the inner wall of the barrel.

[0018] It also includes a guide plate that is movably mounted on the outer side of the adjacent cone.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution: a semi-spiral that cooperates with the guide plate to feed material is fixedly installed in the mixing hood.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution: it also includes two feeding screws rotating in the inclined conveyor body, and the ends of the feeding screws are slidably sleeved with bushings;

[0021] The outer wall of the bushing is fixedly fitted with multiple arc-shaped rods that are evenly spaced at the end of the inclined conveyor and the mixing hood.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution: a compression section is provided between the end of the bushing and the end of the spiral blade of the feeding screw. When the bushing is driven to move along its axis, the spacing of the compression section is adjustable.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution: the end of the inclined conveyor is provided with a stacking section connected to the extrusion section.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution: it also includes a suspension for mounting the guide plate, wherein a cover plate located outside the isolator is fixedly mounted on the suspension.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution: the outer wall of the bushing is provided with multiple oblique slots, and a collar that slides with the oblique slots is fixedly installed on the suspension.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution: the square entrance is provided with a groove for guiding the vertical movement of the suspension, and the angle between the guide plate and the cover plate is adjustable during vertical movement.

[0027] As a further description of the above technical solution: the cover sheet moves towards the port of the stacking section during vertical movement.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the high-elasticity composite fiber preparation method and preparation device provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects: the matrix raw material is guided by the inclined surface of the cone and the arc surface of the guide plate, which facilitates the separation of the matrix raw material from the isolation component, so that the fiber addition and mixing work is forced to be transferred to the mixing hood to obtain a separate mixing cavity. This can effectively reduce the direct contact of the fiber with the functional element, greatly reduce the damage to the surface of the screw edge and screw groove and the carbonization adhesion problem, save the workload of subsequent maintenance and cleaning, and effectively protect the surface safety of the functional element, so as to ensure the material conveying efficiency and the quality of the finished product. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a twin-screw extruder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the outer side of the barrel of a twin-screw extruder with the cap removed, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the shaft, functional components, and isolation parts provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the shaft and the isolation component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly of a single barrel and part of the shaft, inclined conveyor, and mixing hood at the fiber feeding position provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional view of a single barrel, an inclined conveyor, and a mixing hood provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a single barrel and inclined conveyor, a mixing hood and a stirring component assembled inside it, provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 A side cross-sectional view of a single barrel and inclined conveyor, a mixing hood and a stirring component assembled inside, provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 A side cross-sectional isometric schematic diagram of a single barrel and inclined conveyor, a mixing hood and a stirring component assembled inside it, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the feeding screw and stirring component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the stirring component and the material guiding component provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0042] 1. Extruder; 11. Loss-in-weight feeder; 12. Fiber feeder; 2. Barrel; 3. Shaft end; 31. Shaft body; 32. Functional element; 33. Isolator; 34. Cone; 4. Inclined conveyor; 41. Mixing hood; 42. Semi-screw; 43. Stacking section; 44. Extrusion section; 5. Feeding screw; 51. Extension shaft; 6. Bushing; 61. Elastic element; 62. Arc rod; 63. Inclined slot; 7. Suspension; 71. Guide plate; 72. Cover plate; 721. Discharge section; 73. Connecting rod; 74. Collar; 75. Block; 76. Slide. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] A method for preparing highly elastic composite fibers includes the following steps:

[0046] S1. Remove oil and auxiliaries from the surface of the raw material fibers, and then improve the interfacial bonding force between the raw material fibers and the elastic matrix through plasma treatment or coating with coupling agent.

[0047] S2. Clean the surface of the elastic matrix material and remove the moisture from the matrix material using a vacuum drying oven;

[0048] S3. Pour the processed matrix raw material into the loss-in-weight feeder 11, and pour the raw material fiber into the fiber feeder 12;

[0049] S4. The matrix raw material is melted by the extruder 1, so that the matrix raw material is mixed with the raw material fiber when it passes through the fiber feeding position;

[0050] S5. Add antioxidants and UV stabilizers to extruder 1 to improve the aging resistance of composite fibers;

[0051] S6. The mixed matrix raw materials and raw material fibers are extruded from the discharge end of extruder 1, so that the continuous finished products are cured and shaped by a cold water bath.

[0052] S7. The finished composite fiber is stretched at low speed and then processed by winding or cutting equipment.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Please see Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high elastic composite fiber preparation device, including an extruder 1 for realizing the above steps S3-S6, an extruder 1 having a barrel 2 with a square inlet on the upper end face, and a mixing hood 41 connected to the square inlet, with an inclined conveyor 4 fixedly installed on the mixing hood 41.

[0055] There are two horizontally distributed shafts 31 rotating in the barrel 2, and the two shafts 31 are respectively fixedly sleeved with isolation parts 33 that interlock with each other and maintain a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the barrel 2;

[0056] Cones 34 are fixedly installed at both ends of the isolation component 33, and the side walls of the cones 34 are obliquely placed on the square inlet and the inner wall of the barrel 2;

[0057] It also includes a guide plate 71 that is movably installed on the outside of the adjacent cone 34.

[0058] Specifically, multiple barrels 2 are assembled together using bolts and nuts to form the main mixing path, and the branches on the main mixing path are where square inlets are opened on the barrels 2. Compared to the traditional method of opening them on the side wall, opening the square inlets on the upper end face of the barrels 2 allows the raw materials delivered from the branches to fall directly between the two horizontal functional elements 32, making the mixing rapid and improving the mixing efficiency.

[0059] Furthermore, the loss-in-weight feeder 11 is connected to the starting positions of multiple barrels 2, and the bottom of the fiber feeder 12 is connected to the inclined conveyor 4, facilitating the rapid feeding of fibers into the main mixing path via the inclined conveyor 4. The extruder 1 is equipped with a gearbox, and a shaft end 3 is connected within the gearbox, with the shaft body 31 integrally formed on the shaft end 3. Multiple functional components 32 are inlaid onto the shaft body 31, and a cap is added to the end of the shaft body 31 to secure all functional components 32; this is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] Furthermore, the functional elements 32 at both ends of the isolation element 33 are positive spiral elements, used to ensure the conveying power of the base material, facilitating the base material to smoothly return to the inside of the barrel 2 after passing through the mixing hood 41 and continue mixing. Figure 3As shown, the two separators 33 each have a concave-convex shape (distributed equidistantly in a disc shape along the axis of the shaft 31) so that when they engage, they form an interception surface for the base material, allowing the base material to flow only upwards along an arc, thus satisfying the conditions for forming a separate mixing chamber. At the same time, the separators 33 have low processing costs, and even if their surface is damaged, their operating costs are lower than those of the functional element 32, making the maintenance or replacement of the separators 33 highly efficient.

[0061] Furthermore, the cone 34 is frustum-shaped, and its sidewalls have upward-guiding slopes, allowing the matrix material conveyed within the inner wall of the barrel 2 to effectively enter the square inlet along the slopes. For example... Figure 11 As shown (where the arc-shaped arrow represents the direction in which the matrix material flows upward along the arc), the guide plate 71 is E-shaped, which allows the two notches on the guide plate 71 to fit over the outside of the two cones 34, thereby filling and separating the useless gaps on the outside of the two cones 34, and enabling the matrix material to effectively enter the square inlet.

[0062] When the matrix raw material is conveyed by the functional element 32 to the barrel 2 with a square inlet, it actively accumulates upward along the inclined surface of the cone 34 and enters the mixing hood 41. During this process, the guide plate 71 uses its arc-shaped surface to enhance the flow of the matrix raw material, facilitating its separation from the separator 33. This forces the addition and mixing of fibers to be transferred to the mixing hood 41, thus creating a separate mixing cavity. Therefore, after the fibers and matrix raw material are effectively mixed, they return to the main mixing path, effectively reducing direct contact between the fibers and the functional element 32. This significantly reduces damage to the screw edges and grooves, as well as carbonization and adhesion problems, eliminating the need for subsequent maintenance and cleaning. Only the two separators 33 need to be cleaned. At the same time, it effectively protects the surface of the functional element 32, ensuring material conveying efficiency and finished product quality.

[0063] In another embodiment of the present invention, the matrix material entering the mixing hood 41 through the square inlet is guided by the semi-spiral 42, causing the matrix material and fibers to agitate during the mixing process, thereby improving the mixing effect on the fibers. Even without the isolation element 33 installed in the barrel 2, the additional mixing cavity on the branch (i.e., the mixing hood 41) can extend the path for the fibers to contact the functional element 32, thus reducing the possibility of fiber agglomeration. Combined with the inner wall of the mixing hood 41, which has a single counter-rotation function, the matrix material and fibers can achieve a certain mixing effect, thereby providing basic protection for the functional element 32.

[0064] The specific semi-spiral 42 is integrally formed on the inner wall of the mixing shroud 41, causing the inner wall of the mixing shroud 41 to present a water delivery channel similar to a water pump. The purpose is to rotate the mixed material in the mixing shroud 41 to provide self-stirring capability.

[0065] In another embodiment of the present invention, the fibers are fed into the mixing hood 41 after being compressed by the feeding screw 5, which reduces the generation of air bubbles during the mixing process and improves the mixing effect. Combined with multiple stirring components, the tightly processed fibers can be effectively diffused into the matrix raw materials, ensuring normal mixing. Furthermore, the curved concave surface of the arc-shaped rod 62 faces inwards towards the mixing hood 41, providing a larger mixing contact surface and causing the material to exert axial thrust on the arc-shaped rod 62. This results in a larger agitation area for the two axially floating bushings 6, further improving mixing efficiency.

[0066] Specifically, the fiber feeder 12 is equipped with a drive motor and a gearbox at the bottom to drive the two feed screws 5 to rotate. The drive and speed change are the same as those on the extruder 1, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Furthermore, by tilting the inclined conveyor 4 onto the horizontal plane, while retaining the conveying thrust of the feeding screw 5, gravity is also used to increase the pressure of the extrusion section 44 on the fibers, making the fibers more compact, which is conducive to expelling the air trapped in the fibers, reducing the bubbles generated during the mixing process of fibers and matrix raw materials, and thus improving the mixing effect.

[0068] Furthermore, a coaxial extension shaft 51 is welded to the end of the feeding screw 5, and a bushing 6 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the extension shaft 51. An elastic element 61 is welded or bolted to both the end of the feeding screw 5 and the end of the bushing 6. Specifically, the elastic element 61 is a spring, and the bushing 6 and the feeding screw 5 rotate synchronously.

[0069] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 and Figure 10 As shown, the circumferentially arranged arc-shaped rods 62 constitute a set of stirring components. Multiple sets of stirring components are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the bushing 6, and the lengths of the multiple sets of stirring components within the mixing hood 41 gradually increase and decrease. This is to adapt to the inner wall space of the mixing hood 41, thereby increasing the stirring area and improving the mixing effect. Furthermore, the two elastic elements 61 have different lengths in their default state, and the floating areas of the multiple sets of stirring components on the two bushings 6 do not intersect, avoiding rotational interference and making the stirring process more stable.

[0070] In another embodiment of the present invention, the fibers in the extrusion section 44 are pushed by the rotating spiral blades, so that the later-added fibers squeeze the earlier-added fibers, so that the fibers in the extrusion section 44 are always in a squeezed state, which satisfies the air discharge and can also be quickly picked up by the stirring component for mixing into the matrix raw material, making the mixing process simple and having a high-efficiency exhaust function.

[0071] Specifically, the extrusion section 44 is the distance between the end stirring component and the spiral blade, so the fiber conveyed by the feeding screw 5 can be quickly taken over by the stirring component, which facilitates the rapid stirring and mixing of the fiber.

[0072] In another embodiment of the present invention, the closely combined fibers actively replenish the matrix raw materials in the stacking section 43, thereby improving the connection effect of the mixing process, avoiding mixing gaps, and making the distribution of fibers and matrix raw materials in the mixing hood 41 more uniform, thereby increasing the mixing quality in the main mixing path.

[0073] Specifically, the inner wall of the inclined conveyor 4 provides a fitting space for the movement of the two feeding screws 5, and maintains a predetermined distance from the end of the inclined conveyor 4 (the end connected to the mixing hood 41), so that this distance forms a stacking section 43, and there are two sets of stirring components located in the stacking section 43. At the same time, one set of stirring components is wrapped and covered by the mixed material. Therefore, the extrusion section 44 is included in the stacking section 43, so that the extruded fibers have stable exhaust and mixing space, realizing high-efficiency mixing processing of fibers.

[0074] In another embodiment of the present invention, by placing the cover plate 72 above the two isolators 33, the isolators 33 are shielded and protected, reducing wear. Simultaneously, this increases the contact surface of the suspension 7 against the substrate material, resulting in more significant kinetic energy transfer and a faster driving force response.

[0075] Specifically, the suspension 7 and its welded components are all made of stainless steel, and the lower end of the guide plate 71 does not contact the functional element 32, thus preventing contact scratches to the functional element 32. The cover plate 72 is V-shaped, and the inner corner of the V-shaped groove at the welding position between the cover plate 72 and the suspension 7 is rounded. The purpose is to reduce the obstruction of the material by the cover plate 72, which is on the material return path, and ensure that the mixed material returns to the main mixing path normally, making the material flow more smoothly.

[0076] Furthermore, a discharge section 721 is formed between the cover plate 72 and the two separators 33, and by default, the spacing of the discharge section 721 is equal to the spacing between the separators 33 and the inner wall of the barrel 2, ensuring the rotational stability of the separators 33. The ends of the two opposing cover plates 72 maintain a predetermined spacing, which allows the material above the two separators 33 to be discharged, preventing material from accumulating above the separators 33.

[0077] In another embodiment of the present invention, while the matrix raw material is guided by the guide plate 71, it is also pushed upward, causing the collar 74 to generate an upward driving force on the bushing 6, which facilitates the stirring component to change its stirring position. Furthermore, the reduced spacing of the extrusion sections 44 further enhances the pressure applied to the fibers. Therefore, by increasing the amount of matrix raw material fed by the loss-in-weight feeder 11, the fiber mixing effect can be improved, making operation and control simpler and resulting in better performance.

[0078] Specifically, two curved connecting rods 73 are welded to the suspension 7 (to adapt to the position of the guide plate 71, so that the collar 74 can adapt to the limited assembly space at the upper end, and the length can also adapt to the inclined bushing 6). The collar 74 is welded to the upper end of the connecting rod 73.

[0079] Furthermore, the cross-section of the inclined slot 63 is an inclined isosceles trapezoid, and the inner diameter of the collar 74 matches the lower base of the trapezoid. The collar 74 is in the default state at the lower base of the trapezoid, that is, at the high position of the inclined slot 63. Therefore, when the collar 74 moves upward actively, the elastic element 61 is compressed, and the collar 74 slides along the inclined surface to the upper base of the trapezoid, forcing the inclined slot 63 to move obliquely upward, thereby realizing the axial floating function of the bushing 6.

[0080] In another embodiment of the present invention, the guide plate 71, which is pushed upward, makes the angle between its end and the cover plate 72 smaller (corresponding to a more vertical arc-shaped drainage surface). However, the sacrificed arc-shaped drainage surface allows for a larger amount of matrix material to pass through the gap and enter the discharge section 721, enabling the added matrix material to quickly pass horizontally above the separator 33, reducing the risk of blockage of the matrix material. At the same time, it does not interfere with the amount of matrix material after drainage, and improves the fiber mixing efficiency while ensuring the mixing ratio of matrix material and fiber.

[0081] Specifically, square blocks 75 are welded to both sides of the suspension 7, and the square blocks 75 slide in the grooves 76 to provide stable vertical guidance for the suspension 7. At the same time, the square blocks 75 are used to prevent the suspension 7 from tilting, thus ensuring the stable operation of the components. Furthermore, the change in the distance between the guide plate 71's drainage surface and the lower edge of the square inlet after vertical movement is negligible (because the upper end of the guide plate 71 has a small curvature and the lower end has a large curvature, making it prone to angle changes). Therefore, the upward-moving guide plate 71 will not affect the amount of base material entering the square inlet.

[0082] In another embodiment of the present invention, the upward-moving cover plate 72 applies pressure to the material in the square inlet, causing the material to move upward and squeeze each other, so that the bubbles are directly discharged from the material or aggregated and discharged from the material, thereby making the matrix raw materials and fibers in the material more mixed, and the discharged bubbles are less likely to return to the viscous material, which can make the material running state more stable.

[0083] Working principle: When the matrix raw material is conveyed to the barrel 2 with a square inlet by the functional element 32, the matrix raw material actively accumulates upward along the inclined surface of the cone 34 and enters the mixing hood 41. During this period, the guide plate 71 uses its arc-shaped surface to help enhance the flow of the matrix raw material, making it easier for the matrix raw material to detach from the separator 33. This forces the addition and mixing of fibers to be transferred to the mixing hood 41, thus obtaining a separate mixing cavity. After the fibers and matrix raw material are effectively mixed, they return to the main mixing path. This effectively reduces the direct contact of fibers with the functional element 32, greatly reduces the damage to the screw edge and screw groove surface and the carbonization adhesion problem, and effectively protects the surface safety of the functional element 32.

[0084] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing highly elastic composite fibers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Remove oil and auxiliaries from the surface of the raw material fibers, and then improve the interfacial bonding force between the raw material fibers and the elastic matrix through plasma treatment or coating with coupling agent. S2. Clean the surface of the elastic matrix material and remove the moisture from the matrix material using a vacuum drying oven; S3. Pour the processed matrix raw material into the loss-in-weight feeder (11) and the raw material fiber into the fiber feeder (12); S4. The matrix raw material is melted by the extruder (1) so that the matrix raw material is mixed with the raw material fiber when it passes through the fiber feeding position; S5. Add antioxidants and UV stabilizers to the extruder (1) to improve the aging resistance of the composite fiber; S6. The mixed matrix raw materials and raw material fibers are extruded from the discharge end of the extruder (1), so that the continuous finished products are solidified and shaped by a cold water bath. S7. The finished composite fiber is stretched at low speed and then processed by winding or cutting equipment.

2. A high-elasticity composite fiber preparation apparatus, comprising an extruder (1) for performing steps S3-S6 of claim 1, wherein the extruder (1) is provided with a barrel (2) having a square inlet on its upper end face, characterized in that, It also includes a mixing hood (41) connected to a square inlet, on which an inclined conveyor (4) is fixedly installed; The barrel (2) has two horizontally distributed shafts (31) that rotate, and the two shafts (31) are respectively fixedly fitted with isolation parts (33) that interlock with each other and maintain a predetermined distance from the inner wall of the barrel (2); The isolation component (33) has cones (34) fixedly installed at both ends, and the side walls of the cones (34) are obliquely placed on the square inlet and the inner wall of the barrel (2); It also includes a guide plate (71) that is movably mounted on the outside of the adjacent cone (34).

3. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mixing hood (41) is fixedly installed with a semi-spiral (42) that cooperates with the guide plate (71) to feed material.

4. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes two feeding screws (5) rotating in the inclined conveyor (4), and the ends of the feeding screws (5) are slidably sleeved with bushings (6); The outer wall of the bushing (6) is fixedly fitted with a plurality of arc-shaped rods (62) that are evenly arranged at the end of the inclined conveyor (4) and the mixing cover (41).

5. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, A compression section (44) is provided between the end of the bushing (6) and the end of the spiral blade of the feeding screw (5). When the bushing (6) is driven to move along its axis, the spacing of the compression section (44) is adjustable.

6. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inclined conveyor (4) has a stacking section (43) connected to the extrusion section (44) at its end.

7. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a suspension (7) for mounting the guide plate (71), on which a cover plate (72) is fixedly mounted outside the separator (33).

8. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bushing (6) has multiple oblique slots (63) on its outer wall, and a collar (74) that slides with the oblique slots (63) is fixedly installed on the suspension (7).

9. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The square entrance is provided with a groove (76) for the vertical movement of the guide suspension (7), and the angle between the guide piece (71) and the cover piece (72) is adjustable during vertical movement.

10. The apparatus for preparing a high-elasticity composite fiber according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cover plate (72) moves vertically towards the port of the stack section (43).

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