Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic power generation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and the photovoltaic module comprises an anti-overturning middle floating platform, traction sleeves are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the anti-overturning middle floating platform and are used for being connected with traction steel cables in a sleeving manner, and a storage box body is arranged at the bottom of the anti-overturning middle floating platform. Anti-overturning heat exchange fins are densely arranged on the two sides of the storage box body. The storage box body for storing components is arranged at the bottom of the anti-overturning middle floating platform, the overall gravity center is reduced, the wind and wave resistance is enhanced, the side supporting floating seats arranged on the two sides are flexibly connected with the anti-overturning middle floating platform through the arc-shaped sleeving holes, and a certain angle is allowed to rotate; when one side encounters waves, buoyancy on the other side automatically counteracts overturning moment to prevent the photovoltaic array from overturning, the floating piston in the buoyancy driving seat is driven to perform piston motion by utilizing the side supporting floating seat to float up and down along with the waves, dynamic circulation of cooling liquid and continuous liquid cooling are realized, the temperature of a photovoltaic panel is effectively controlled, and the situation of power generation efficiency attenuation caused by high temperature is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system. Background Technology

[0002] Floating photovoltaics (PV) is a rapidly developing new form of photovoltaic application in recent years, offering significant advantages in saving land resources, reducing evaporation, and improving power generation efficiency. Most floating PV systems directly install photovoltaic panels on a floating body, then use specialized mooring anchors to traction the floating body. However, the inherent capsizing resistance of the PV devices is insufficient, necessitating the linking of large-area floating PV systems together to increase buoyancy and improve capsizing resistance. This makes it difficult to effectively install floating PV systems on small bodies of water. Furthermore, relying solely on anchoring force for fixation can lead to insufficient anchoring strength when encountering wind and waves, causing array displacement, collisions, disintegration, or even drifting away. Moreover, although floating PV systems are said to float on the water, they are essentially installed on a floating platform. The low installation gap makes it difficult for wind power to reach the PV panels, resulting in extremely poor air cooling compared to traditional support structures. This poor cooling affects the power generation efficiency of the PV panels. Therefore, this paper proposes a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art by proposing a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system include an anti-tipping central floating platform, wherein traction sleeves are provided on both sides of the bottom of the anti-tipping central floating platform for connecting with traction steel cables, and a storage box is provided at the bottom of the anti-tipping central floating platform, wherein anti-tipping heat exchange fins are densely arranged on both sides of the storage box. The anti-overturning central floating platform is connected to the side support floats on both sides by floating connectors. The side support floats are connected to the non-powered heat dissipation seat by floating self-driving components. The non-powered heat dissipation seat has densely arranged heat dissipation floating cavities. A buoyancy seat is slidably arranged in the heat dissipation floating cavity. A siphon liquid exchange port is opened at the bottom of the heat dissipation floating cavity. The non-powered heat dissipation seat is connected to a cleaning frame rod by sliding components. A cleaning component is provided on the cleaning frame rod. The floating self-driving component includes an assembly port on a side support float, a buoyancy drive seat is provided in the assembly port, a one-way hydraulic cavity is provided in the buoyancy drive seat, a floating piston is provided in the one-way hydraulic cavity, and the one-way hydraulic cavity is connected to a heat dissipation floating cavity through a liquid injection connector.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment, the floating connector includes a fixing lug fixedly mounted on the side wall of the anti-overturning central floating platform, a connection port is provided on the inner side wall of the side support floating base, a connecting post is provided in the connection port, and a sleeve hole is provided on the fixing lug to engage with the connecting post.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the buoyancy seat is provided with a magnetic layer, the cleaning frame rod is provided with an internal magnetic block that attracts the magnetic layer, the sliding member includes a sliding opening opened on the side wall of the non-powered heat dissipation seat, and a limiting ball is provided on the side wall of the cleaning frame rod within the sliding opening.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the liquid injection connector includes an assembly bracket fixedly disposed at the bottom of the non-powered heat sink, an assembly retaining ring disposed above the buoyancy drive seat, the assembly bracket and the assembly retaining ring being adapted to each other to achieve a combined connection, an assembly retaining plate disposed on the outer side wall of the assembly bracket, and a retaining block disposed on the inner side wall of the assembly port that is adapted to the assembly retaining plate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the floating piston is fixedly connected to a traction piston column, which extends downward through the side wall of the buoyancy drive seat and is connected to the outer side wall of the storage box via a traction rope. The bottom of the one-way hydraulic chamber is provided with a one-way valve port for water inlet, and the top of the buoyancy drive seat is provided with a docking plug. The bottom of the docking plug is connected to the bottom side wall of the one-way hydraulic chamber through a side support port.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the liquid injection connector further includes a docking liquid column disposed at the bottom of the non-powered heat sink, and the non-powered heat sink has a central port communicating with the docking liquid column, and the central port is connected to multiple heat dissipation floating cavities through a horizontal through-hole.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the cleaning component includes a silicone scraper and a water-absorbing scraper disposed at the bottom of the cleaning frame rod, and water-absorbing hanging strips are provided on both sides of the water-absorbing scraper.

[0011] A photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic array power generation unit, a power conversion unit, and an electrical connection unit; The photovoltaic array power generation unit includes a photovoltaic panel, which is tightly mounted on the upper surface of the non-powered heat sink. The power conversion unit includes a string inverter, which is installed inside the storage box and connected to the inner wall of the storage box through shock-absorbing components. Both ends of the anti-overturning central floating platform are equipped with wiring terminals for installing power supply connection units.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention lowers the overall center of gravity and enhances the ability to resist wind and waves by setting a storage box for storing components at the bottom of the anti-overturning central floating platform. The side support floats set on both sides are flexibly connected to the anti-overturning central floating platform through arc-shaped socket holes, allowing rotation at a certain angle. When one side encounters waves, the buoyancy of the other side automatically offsets the overturning moment, preventing the array from overturning.

[0013] 2. This invention utilizes a side-supported floating seat to move up and down with the waves, thereby driving a floating piston inside the buoyancy drive seat to move. During the movement, pumping pressure is generated, causing water to be drawn in through a one-way valve, pressed into the heat dissipation floating chamber, and then periodically discharged through a siphon liquid exchange port. This achieves dynamic circulation of coolant, continuous liquid cooling, and effective control of photovoltaic panel temperature, reducing the power generation efficiency degradation caused by high temperatures.

[0014] 3. This invention utilizes waves to make the side support float float up and down with the waves, thereby controlling the coolant to push the buoyancy seat upward. The cleaning frame rod is then moved upward by magnetic adsorption. When the buoyancy seat descends during siphon drainage, the cleaning frame rod moves downward simultaneously, achieving timed cleaning of the photovoltaic panels. This regular automatic cleaning avoids the accumulation of bird droppings, dust, and other debris, preventing power generation losses caused by obstructions. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main combined state structure of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structural assembly of a liquid injection connector in a photovoltaic module and photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system without a power supply, as proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a buoyancy drive seat in a photovoltaic module and photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat dissipation floating cavity in a photovoltaic module and photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the laying structure of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system proposed in this invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Anti-tipping central floating platform; 2. Photovoltaic panel; 3. String inverter; 4. Terminal block; 5. Traction sleeve; 6. Storage box; 7. Anti-tipping heat exchange fins; 8. Side support float; 9. Non-powered heat sink; 10. Heat dissipation floating cavity; 11. Buoyancy seat; 12. Siphon liquid exchange port; 13. Cleaning frame rod; 14. Assembly port; 15. Buoyancy drive seat; 16. Floating piston; 17. Fixing lug; 18. Connecting column; 19. Built-in magnet; 20. Limiting ball; 21. Assembly bracket; 22. Assembly retaining ring; 23. Assembly plate; 24. Traction piston column; 25. Traction rope; 26. One-way valve port; 27. Connecting plug; 28. Connecting liquid column; 29. ​​Central port; 30. Horizontal through port; 31. Cleaning component. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] Example, refer to Figures 1 to 9A photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic power generation system include an anti-tipping central floating platform 1. The anti-tipping central floating platform 1 has traction sleeves 5 on both sides of its bottom for connecting with traction steel cables. The anti-tipping central floating platform 1 floats on the water surface during installation and is fixed by traction steel cables fixed on the ground. The traction sleeves 5 enable effective connection between traction steel cables. The bottom of the anti-tipping central floating platform 1 has a storage box 6. The storage box 6 is located in the center, which can lower the center of gravity of the anti-tipping central floating platform 1, thereby improving the anti-tipping ability of the photovoltaic module. Anti-tipping heat exchange fins 7 are densely arranged on both sides of the storage box 6. It should be noted that the storage box 6 is made of a material with high thermal conductivity, which can protect the photovoltaic components inside the storage box 6 by the temperature of the water. Furthermore, the anti-tipping heat exchange fins 7 can increase the contact area with the water surface and improve the heat exchange effect. When the components inside the storage box 6 malfunction and catch fire, being underwater will cause the anti-tipping central floating platform 1 material to burn, and a large amount of water will flow into the storage box 6, achieving the effect of timely fire extinguishing.

[0021] The anti-overturning central floating platform 1 is connected to the side support floats 8 on both sides by floating connectors. The side support floats 8 are inclined. Further, the floating connectors include fixing lugs 17 fixedly installed on the side wall of the anti-overturning central floating platform 1. The inner side wall of the side support floats 8 is provided with a connection port, and a connecting post 18 is provided in the connection port. The fixing lugs 17 are provided with a sleeve hole that fits into the connecting post 18. Among them, the socket is an arc-shaped opening, which can allow the connecting column 18 to move at the fixed lug 17. With this setting, the side support float 8 can be made to sway up and down within a certain range under the action of water waves, thereby effectively using water waves to generate power for the floating self-driving component set in the side support float 8. It is worth noting that the socket design ensures that the side support float 8 can rotate at a certain angle, but it cannot rotate when the angle is too large. The advantage of this design is that when the waves on one side are too large and cause an overturning force on the photovoltaic module, the side support float 8 on the other side can use the buoyancy of the water to counteract the overturning force, thereby effectively preventing the photovoltaic module floating on the water surface from overturning when it encounters large waves.

[0022] The side support float 8 is connected to the unpowered heat sink 9 through a floating self-driving component. The unpowered heat sink 9 has densely arranged heat dissipation floating cavities 10. The top of the heat dissipation floating cavity 10 is open. When the unpowered heat sink 9 is installed on the side support float 8, it is tilted. A buoyancy seat 11 is slidably arranged in the heat dissipation floating cavity 10. A magnetic layer is provided on the buoyancy seat 11. The cleaning frame rod 13 is provided with built-in magnetic blocks 19 that attract the magnetic layer. The liquid in the floating heat dissipation cavity 10 on the non-powered heat dissipation base 9 is continuously replenished by the floating piston 16. The liquid replacement can effectively cool the photovoltaic panel 2, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 2 and reducing the impact of temperature on the photovoltaic panel 2.

[0023] The bottom of the heat dissipation floating cavity 10 is provided with a siphon liquid exchange port 12. The non-powered heat dissipation base 9 is connected to the cleaning frame rod 13 through a sliding member. The sliding member includes a sliding port opened on the side wall of the non-powered heat dissipation base 9. A limiting ball 20 is provided on the side wall of the cleaning frame rod 13 and is located in the sliding port. The limiting ball 20 slides in the sliding port to reduce the friction when the cleaning frame rod 13 moves, thereby reducing the moving resistance of the cleaning frame rod 13.

[0024] A cleaning component 31 is provided on the cleaning frame 13. The cleaning component 31 includes a silicone scraper and a water-absorbing scraper provided at the bottom of the cleaning frame 13. Water-absorbing hanging strips are provided on both sides of the water-absorbing scraper. It is worth noting that when the cleaning component 31 moves downward, the water-absorbing hanging strips on both sides will be in the water, which allows the water-absorbing scraper to be in a wet state. This ensures that when the cleaning component 31 moves upward, it can wet the dirt on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2, making it convenient for the silicone scraper to effectively clean the dirt when it moves downward.

[0025] The floating self-driving component includes an assembly port 14 opened on the side support float 8. A buoyancy drive seat 15 is provided in the assembly port 14. A one-way hydraulic cavity is opened in the buoyancy drive seat 15. A floating piston 16 is provided in the one-way hydraulic cavity. The floating piston 16 has buoyancy. Its upward movement is achieved by the buoyancy of water. The one-way hydraulic cavity is connected to the heat dissipation floating cavity 10 through a liquid injection connector.

[0026] Furthermore, the liquid injection connector includes an assembly bracket 21 fixedly installed at the bottom of the non-powered heat sink 9, and an assembly retaining ring 22 provided above the buoyancy drive seat 15. The assembly bracket 21 and the assembly retaining ring 22 are adapted to achieve a combined connection. An assembly retaining plate 23 is provided on the outer wall of the assembly bracket 21, and a retaining block adapted to the assembly retaining plate 23 is provided on the inner wall of the assembly port 14. The non-powered heat sink 9 and the side support float 8 are effectively assembled through the assembly retaining ring 22, the assembly bracket 21, the assembly retaining plate 23 and the assembly port 14.

[0027] The floating piston 16 is fixedly connected to the traction piston column 24, which extends downward through the side wall of the buoyancy drive seat 15 and is connected to the outer side wall of the storage box 6 via the traction rope 25. The floating piston 16 inside the buoyancy drive seat 15 is fixed to the storage box 6 by the bottom traction piston column 24 and traction rope 25 and cannot move upward. This causes the floating piston 16 to move relative to the buoyancy drive seat 15 when the buoyancy drive seat 15 moves upward under the action of wind and waves. The downward movement of the floating piston 16 relative to the buoyancy drive seat 15 is used to push the water pressure to the docking plug 27.

[0028] The bottom of the one-way hydraulic chamber is provided with a one-way valve port 26 for water inlet. The one-way valve port 26 is equipped with a one-way valve, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. A filter blocking device is also provided there, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. The top of the buoyancy drive seat 15 is provided with a docking plug 27. The bottom of the docking plug 27 is connected to the bottom side wall of the one-way hydraulic chamber through a side support port. The docking plug 27 is equipped with a one-way valve, which allows the pressurized water to be delivered only from the one-way hydraulic chamber to the docking liquid column 28.

[0029] The liquid injection connector also includes a docking liquid column 28 disposed at the bottom of the non-powered heat sink 9. The non-powered heat sink 9 has a central port 29 that communicates with the docking liquid column 28. The central port 29 is connected to multiple heat dissipation floating cavities 10 through a horizontal through-hole 30. Pressurized water is delivered to the multiple heat dissipation floating cavities 10 through the docking liquid column 28 and the central port 29.

[0030] The photovoltaic power generation system includes a photovoltaic array power generation unit, a power conversion unit, and an electrical connection unit; the photovoltaic array power generation unit includes a photovoltaic panel 2, which is tightly installed on the upper surface of the non-powered heat sink 9; the power conversion unit includes a string inverter 3, which is installed inside the storage box 6 and connected to the inner wall of the storage box 6 through shock-absorbing components; both ends of the anti-overturning central floating platform 1 are equipped with wiring terminals 4 for the installation of the power supply connection unit.

[0031] In this invention, the anti-overturning central floating platform 1 is stably installed on the water surface by a traction steel cable. In daily use, the side support floating seats 8 on both sides of the anti-overturning central floating platform 1 are used to install photovoltaic panels 2. When wind and waves are generated, the side support floating seats 8 connected by floating connectors on both sides will swing up and down. During the up and down swinging process, the floating piston 16 set in the buoyancy drive seat 15 will be fixed to the storage box 6 by the bottom traction piston column 24 and traction rope 25, so that the floating piston 16 moves up and down in the one-way hydraulic cavity in the buoyancy drive seat 15. When the floating piston 16 moves upward, the suction force generated will draw liquid from the water through the one-way valve port 26. When the floating piston 16 moves downward, the liquid will be pressed into the docking plug 27 by the pressure generated by the floating piston 16 through the side support port, and then transported to the collection port 29 through the docking liquid column 28, and finally evenly distributed in the interconnected heat dissipation floating cavity 10. The continuously injected liquid causes the buoyancy seats 11 set in the heat dissipation floating cavity 10 to float continuously. During the floating process, the buoyancy generated by multiple buoyancy seats 11 will drive the cleaning component 31 magnetically attracted to them to move on the photovoltaic panel 2. When the height of the pumped liquid exceeds the siphon liquid exchange port 12, the liquid in the heat dissipation floating cavity 10 will be quickly discharged under the action of siphon (atmospheric pressure). This cycle continues, and the constantly replaced liquid can effectively cool the photovoltaic panel 2, reduce the impact of temperature on the photovoltaic panel 2, and thus improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panel 2. In addition, during this process, the cleaning component 31 will move back and forth on the photovoltaic panel 2 to clean the dirt on the photovoltaic panel 2, avoid the dirt from affecting the light receiving area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 2, and thus significantly improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes an anti-overturning central floating platform (1), and traction sleeves (5) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the anti-overturning central floating platform (1) for connecting with the traction steel cable. A storage box (6) is provided at the bottom of the anti-overturning central floating platform (1), and anti-overturning heat exchange fins (7) are densely arranged on both sides of the storage box (6). The anti-overturning central floating platform (1) is connected to the side support floats (8) on both sides by floating connectors. The side support floats (8) are connected to the non-powered heat sink (9) by floating self-driving components. The non-powered heat sink (9) is densely provided with heat dissipation floating cavities (10). The heat dissipation floating cavity (10) is slidably provided with a buoyancy seat (11) in the heat dissipation floating cavity (10). The bottom of the heat dissipation floating cavity (10) is provided with a siphon liquid exchange port (12). The non-powered heat sink (9) is connected to a cleaning frame rod (13) by a sliding component. The cleaning frame rod (13) is provided with a cleaning component (31). The floating self-driving component includes an assembly port (14) opened on the side support float (8), a buoyancy drive seat (15) is provided in the assembly port (14), a one-way hydraulic cavity is opened in the buoyancy drive seat (15), a floating piston (16) is provided in the one-way hydraulic cavity, and the one-way hydraulic cavity is connected to the heat dissipation floating cavity (10) through a liquid injection connector.

2. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating connector includes a fixed lug (17) fixedly installed on the side wall of the anti-overturning central floating platform (1), a connection port is provided on the inner side wall of the side support floating seat (8), a connecting post (18) is provided in the connection port, and a socket hole is provided on the fixed lug (17) to be fitted with the connecting post (18).

3. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, A magnetic layer is provided on the buoyancy seat (11), and an internal magnetic block (19) attracted to the magnetic layer is provided on the cleaning frame rod (13). The sliding member includes a sliding opening opened on the side wall of the non-powered heat dissipation seat (9), and a limiting ball (20) located in the sliding opening is provided on the side wall of the cleaning frame rod (13).

4. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid injection connector includes an assembly card seat (21) fixedly installed at the bottom of the non-powered heat sink (9), an assembly retaining ring (22) is provided above the buoyancy drive seat (15), the assembly card seat (21) and the assembly retaining ring (22) are adapted to each other to achieve a combined connection, the outer wall of the assembly card seat (21) is provided with an assembly card plate (23), and the inner wall of the assembly port (14) is provided with a card block adapted to the assembly card plate (23).

5. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating piston (16) is fixedly connected to a traction piston column (24), which extends downward through the side wall of the buoyancy drive seat (15) and is connected to the outer side wall of the storage box (6) through a traction rope (25). The bottom of the one-way hydraulic chamber is provided with a one-way valve port (26) for water inlet, and the top of the buoyancy drive seat (15) is provided with a docking plug (27). The bottom of the docking plug (27) is connected to the bottom side wall of the one-way hydraulic chamber through a side support port.

6. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid injection connector also includes a docking liquid column (28) disposed at the bottom of the non-powered heat sink (9). The non-powered heat sink (9) has a central port (29) communicating with the docking liquid column (28). The central port (29) is connected to multiple heat dissipation floating cavities (10) through a horizontal through-hole (30).

7. A photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning component (31) includes a silicone scraper and a water-absorbing scraper set at the bottom of the cleaning frame rod (13), and water-absorbing hanging strips are provided on both sides of the water-absorbing scraper.

8. A photovoltaic power generation system based on a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes a photovoltaic array power generation unit, a power conversion unit, and an electrical connection unit; The photovoltaic array power generation unit includes a photovoltaic panel (2), which is tightly mounted on the upper surface of the non-powered heat sink (9); The power conversion unit includes a string inverter (3), which is installed inside the storage box (6) and connected to the inner wall of the storage box (6) through a shock absorber. Both ends of the anti-overturning central floating platform (1) are equipped with wiring terminals (4) for installing power supply connection units.

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