Fermentation equipment as well as preparation production line and production process of in-vitro cultured calculus bovis

Abstract

The invention discloses fermentation equipment, and a preparation production line and a production process of in-vitro cultured calculus bovis, and relates to the field of fermentation equipment. According to the invention, the fermentation tank is provided with the biological detection analyzer capable of detecting the number and the state of the strains in the fermentation tank, and the oxygen supply amount of the oxygen inlet pipe to the fermentation tank can be adjusted according to the detected number and the state of the strains in the fermentation tank, so that the oxygen supply amount in the fermentation tank is always in a suitable range; the influence on the fermentation efficiency and the product quality due to the damage to microbial metabolic balance caused by excessive or insufficient oxygen supply is prevented; fermentation liquid is stirred through the stirring assembly, the gas-liquid contact area is increased, the oxygen transfer rate is increased, and the gas guide assembly and the gas distribution assembly which are communicated with the oxygen inlet pipe are arranged in the stirring assembly, so that when the stirring assembly rotates and stirs in the fermentation tank, the oxygen transfer rate is increased; oxygen conveyed by the oxygen inlet pipe can be uniformly distributed and conveyed into the fermentation tank through the gas guide assembly and the gas distribution assembly, so that the mixing uniformity of fermentation liquor and oxygen is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fermentation equipment, and specifically relates to a fermentation device, a production line for in vitro cultured bezoar preparation, and a production process. Background Technology

[0002] Bezoar is a precious traditional Chinese medicine and one of the important raw materials for many famous Chinese patent medicines. The probability of bezoar forming naturally in cattle is extremely low. Natural bezoar is scarce and expensive, and cannot meet the needs of clinical medicine.

[0004] In recent years, domestic research on cultured bezoar has developed rapidly, mainly focusing on enzymatic culture and shaping. However, the processes described in patents and literature often differ from the formation environment of natural bezoar. Particularly in the in vitro culture and shaping of bezoar, existing patents and literature mostly use equipment such as three-dimensional shakers or vortex mixers, supplemented by chemical binders such as cellulose, dextrin, or chitosan. This method has limited production capacity, consumes a significant amount of time, and involves the addition of chemical substances other than bezoar components, making it difficult to form spherical or near-spherical objects of uniform size and composition.

[0005] Furthermore, the preparation of bezoar requires aerobic fermentation of bovine bile containing E. coli using fermentation equipment. During aerobic fermentation, a continuous supply of oxygen is needed to enable the E. coli to perform aerobic respiration, thereby promoting the fermentation process. Current technologies do not allow for precise control of the oxygen supply; excessive or insufficient oxygen supply can disrupt the metabolic balance of the E. coli, affecting fermentation efficiency and product quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems in related technologies, this invention proposes a fermentation device, an in vitro cultured bezoar preparation production line, and a production process to overcome the aforementioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention discloses a production process for in vitro cultured bezoar, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0009] After fermentation of selected and cultured Escherichia coli and bovine bile in a fermentation device, bilirubin and saturated calcium hydroxide solution are added to prepare compound bilirubin calcium. Then, fermented bovine bile, compound bilirubin calcium, bovine deoxycholic acid, cholic acid, magnesium sulfate, and zinc sulfate are added to a culture tank. The culture temperature is controlled at 37-40℃ and the pH is controlled at 4.5-6.0. After 10-12 hours of culture, bezoar granules and bezoar solids are obtained. The bezoar granules and solids are dried and pulverized into 100-mesh fine powder. The bezoar fine powder is then coated into spherical or spherical shapes with concentric layers and a diameter of 0.5-3.0 cm by a pelleting machine using purified water or fresh bovine bile as a binder.

[0010] Furthermore, *E. coli* was selected from bovine bile containing bezoar or from bovine bile cultured with bezoar. The bovine bile was inoculated onto solid nutrient broth agar medium and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Well-grown single colonies (well-grown defined as slightly raised, smooth-surfaced, neatly edged, translucent, round colonies on solid medium; under a photoelectric microscope, they appear as short rods with blunt, rounded edges, peripheral flagella, and no pili) were inoculated into liquid nutrient broth agar medium and incubated for 24 hours until the broth became uniformly turbid, with a white bacterial film on the surface and a white precipitate at the bottom.

[0011] Further, bovine bile was injected into a fermenter and sterilized at 121°C for 15 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, selected and cultured E. coli were added, and the temperature was stabilized at 37°C-45°C for 24 hours of fermentation.

[0012] Further, calcium hydroxide and purified water are added to a dissolving tank and stirred for 15 minutes to fully dissolve and prepare a saturated calcium hydroxide solution. In the fermentation equipment, ox bile and bilirubin are added and stirred for 15 minutes to mix well. The discharge valve of the dissolving tank is opened, and the saturated calcium hydroxide solution is stirred and fed to the fermentation equipment. The fermentation equipment is started for fermentation, and the compound bilirubin calcium obtained after fermentation is dried.

[0013] Further, ox bile, compound bilirubin calcium, cholic acid, deoxycholic acid, zinc sulfate, and magnesium sulfate are added sequentially to the culture tank, sealed, stirred and mixed, and the pH value is adjusted to 5-6. The temperature and rotation speed are adjusted, and when the temperature reaches 40℃, the heating is stopped and the temperature is kept constant. Stirring is continued, the rotation speed is maintained at 50-60 r / min, and the temperature is controlled at 37-40℃. After 10 hours of cultivation, bezoar granules and bezoar solids (bezoar stones) are formed. After cultivation, the temperature control device is turned off, and the cooling water is turned on to cool down. When the temperature of the material solution drops to room temperature, the cooling water valve is turned off to stop cooling. The outlet is opened to take out the cultivated bezoar granules and bezoar solids (bezoar stones) for drying.

[0014] Further, the dried bezoar granules and solid matter are pulverized into fine powder. Bezoar granules with a particle size of 1.0-2.0 mm are placed in a coating machine or pelleting pot. The rotation speed of the pelleting pot is adjusted to 60-100 rpm. Purified water (or ox bile) and in vitro cultured bezoar fine powder are sprayed onto the bezoar granules. The purified water (or ox bile) and in vitro cultured bezoar fine powder are sprayed repeatedly. The bezoar granules form spherical or quasi-spherical shapes with concentric layers. After the diameter reaches 0.5-3 cm, the quasi-spherical objects are removed, dried, and sampled for testing.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a fermentation device suitable for the above-mentioned in vitro cultured bezoar production process, including a fermentation tank, wherein a feed inlet is provided at the top of the fermentation tank and a discharge outlet is provided at the bottom of the fermentation tank, and a stirring mechanism and an oxygen supply mechanism are installed inside the fermentation tank. The stirring mechanism includes a rotary drive component and a stirring component, and the rotary drive component can drive the stirring component to rotate and stir inside the fermentation tank.

[0016] The oxygen supply mechanism includes a microbial detection and analysis instrument, an oxygen inlet pipe, an air guiding component, and multiple air distribution components. The microbial detection and analysis instrument can detect the number and status of bacteria in the fermenter. The oxygen inlet pipe is used to supply oxygen to the fermenter and can adjust the oxygen supply according to the detected number and status of bacteria in the fermenter. The air guiding component is located inside the stirring component, and one end of the air guiding component is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe. Multiple air distribution components are rotatably mounted on the stirring component and are connected to the air guiding component. The air distribution components can rotate and distribute air into the fermenter under the pressure of the oxygen supply.

[0017] The fermenter is also equipped with an oxygen circulation mechanism, which includes an oxygen pumping assembly. The inlet of the oxygen pumping assembly is connected to the top of the inside of the fermenter, and the outlet of the oxygen pumping assembly is connected to an oxygen inlet pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft, which is rotatably mounted on the top of the fermentation tank, and the lower end of the stirring shaft extends into the interior of the fermentation tank and is fixedly mounted with stirring blades.

[0019] The rotary drive assembly includes a support, which is fixedly installed on the top of the fermenter. A geared motor is fixedly installed on the top of the support, and the output end of the geared motor is connected to the top of the stirring shaft.

[0020] Furthermore, the gas guiding assembly includes a gas guiding channel and multiple gas distribution chambers. The gas guiding channel is disposed inside the stirring shaft. The bottom end of the stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, and the bottom end of the gas guiding channel is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe. The multiple gas distribution chambers are respectively opened in each blade of the stirring blade, and each gas distribution chamber is connected to the gas guiding channel.

[0021] Furthermore, the air distribution assembly includes a connecting pipe, which is rotatably mounted on the back of the stirring blade, and one end of the connecting pipe is connected to the corresponding air distribution chamber. An exhaust pipe is fixedly installed at the other end of the connecting pipe, and exhaust heads are connected to both ends of the exhaust pipe. The exhaust ends of the two exhaust heads are arranged in opposite directions, and each exhaust end of the two exhaust heads is provided with multiple exhaust holes.

[0022] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe has an exhaust slot located on one side of the exhaust head. A sealing plug is snapped into the exhaust slot. A telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the end of the sealing plug facing the exhaust head. A lifting frame is fixedly installed on one end of the telescopic rod. A spring is movably fitted on the outer ring of the telescopic rod. The spring abuts against the sealing plug and the lifting frame. A plurality of sealing posts corresponding to the exhaust holes are fixedly installed on one side of the lifting frame.

[0023] A cross link is installed between the lifting frame and the sealing plug. A limiting plate located on one side of the cross link is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe. A strip guide groove is provided on the limiting plate. The ends of the connecting shafts on the two connecting fulcrums at the opening and closing ends of the cross link are slidably locked in the strip guide groove.

[0024] Furthermore, the oxygen pumping assembly includes a pressure cylinder and a reciprocating lifting unit. The pressure cylinder is fixedly installed at the upper end inside the fermenter. An air inlet communicating with the inside of the fermenter is installed at the bottom end of the pressure cylinder. An air outlet is provided on one side of the lower end of the pressure cylinder. A return pipe is connected to one end of the air outlet. One end of the return pipe is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe. A one-way air inlet valve is installed in the air inlet, and a one-way air outlet valve is installed in the air outlet.

[0025] A piston is slidably installed inside the pressure cylinder, and a piston rod is fixedly installed at the top of the piston. The reciprocating lifting unit can drive the piston rod to move reciprocally up and down.

[0026] Furthermore, the reciprocating lifting unit includes a driving bevel gear and an eccentric shaft. The driving bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft, and the eccentric shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the fermentation tank. One end of the eccentric shaft is fixedly mounted with a driven bevel gear that meshes and drives the driving bevel gear. A bushing is rotatably mounted at the eccentric position of the eccentric shaft, and a connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the outer ring of the bushing. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the piston rod.

[0027] Furthermore, an oxygen content detector and an exhaust port are also installed at the top of the fermentation tank. One end of the oxygen content detector extends to the upper part of the fermentation tank, and an exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust port.

[0028] A production line for preparing in vitro cultured bezoar includes fermentation equipment, a dissolving tank, a culture tank, and a pelleting machine.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. In this invention, a biological detection and analysis instrument is installed on the fermenter to detect the number and state of bacteria in the fermenter. The instrument can also adjust the oxygen supply to the fermenter through the oxygen inlet pipe based on the detected number and state of bacteria in the fermenter. This ensures that the oxygen supply in the fermenter is always within a suitable range, preventing excessive or insufficient oxygen supply from disrupting the metabolic balance of microorganisms and affecting fermentation efficiency and product quality.

[0031] 2. In this invention, the fermentation broth is stirred by a stirring component, increasing the gas-liquid contact area and improving the oxygen transfer rate, thereby enhancing the fermentation effect and efficiency. Furthermore, the stirring component is equipped with a gas guiding component and a gas distribution component connected to the oxygen inlet pipe. This allows the stirring component to evenly distribute the oxygen supplied by the oxygen inlet pipe into the fermentation tank through the gas guiding component and then the gas distribution component while rotating within the fermentation tank, improving the mixing uniformity of the fermentation broth and oxygen. Additionally, the gas distribution component, driven by the oxygen supply pressure, rotates and distributes gas into the fermentation tank, further enhancing the mixing uniformity of the fermentation broth and oxygen, thus further improving the fermentation effect and efficiency.

[0032] 3. In this invention, oxygen accumulated at the top of the fermenter can be extracted by an oxygen pumping component and pumped into the oxygen inlet pipe. Through the gas distribution and mixing of the stirring component, gas guiding component, and gas distribution component, oxygen is continuously dissolved in the fermentation liquid, thereby improving the fermentation effect and efficiency. In aerobic fermentation, since the solubility of oxygen in the fermentation liquid is limited, most of the oxygen transported through the oxygen inlet pipe will accumulate at the top of the fermenter. At this time, the oxygen can be extracted and recycled by the oxygen pumping component, which can improve the oxygen utilization rate, reduce oxygen waste, and thus reduce fermentation costs.

[0033] 4. The in vitro cultured bezoar preparation process of the present invention includes four processes: strain selection, bilirubin calcification, biomimetic culture of bezoar, and in vitro shaping. It uses *E. coli* selected from bovine bile containing bezoar or bovine bile from which bezoar is cultured for biomimetic culture of bezoar. No chemical substances such as cellulose, dextrin, or chitosan are added for shaping. The prepared in vitro cultured bezoar, when tested according to the pharmacopoeia standards for natural bezoar or in vitro cultured bezoar, has the same components and similar properties as natural bezoar or in vitro cultured bezoar, and can be mass-produced industrially.

[0034] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, the drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the fermentation equipment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fermentation equipment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0039] Figure 4 This is the third three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fermentation equipment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0041] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0042] Figure 7 This is the fourth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fermentation equipment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D;

[0044] Figure 9 This is the fifth three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the fermentation equipment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point E;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a block diagram of the equipment for the in vitro cultured bezoar preparation production line of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 12 This is a flowchart illustrating the production process of in vitro cultured bezoar according to the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Fermentation tank; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 2. Stirring mechanism; 21. Gear motor; 22. Support; 23. Stirring shaft; 24. Stirring blades; 3. Oxygen supply mechanism; 31. Microbial detection and analysis instrument; 32. Oxygen inlet pipe; 33. Exhaust pipe; 34. Connecting pipe; 35. Exhaust head; 36. Air guide channel; 37. Gas distribution chamber; 38. Exhaust slot; 39. Sealing plug; 310. Exhaust hole; 311. Sealing... 312. Sealing column; 313. Telescopic rod; 314. Spring; 315. Cross linkage; 316. Limiting plate; 317. Lifting frame; 4. Oxygen circulation mechanism; 41. Pressure cylinder; 42. Oxygen content detector; 43. Exhaust port; 44. Return pipe; 45. Driving bevel gear; 46. Driven bevel gear; 47. Eccentric shaft; 48. Bushing; 49. Connecting rod; 410. Piston rod; 411. Inlet; 412. Outlet; 413. Piston. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0050] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "top", "middle", "inner", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the invention.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, this invention is a fermentation device, including a fermenter 1. The fermenter 1 has a feed inlet 11 at its top and a discharge outlet 12 at its bottom. A stirring mechanism 2 and an oxygen supply mechanism 3 are installed inside the fermenter 1. The stirring mechanism 2 includes a rotary drive assembly and a stirring assembly, which drives the stirring assembly to rotate and stir inside the fermenter 1. The oxygen supply mechanism 3 includes a microbial detection and analysis instrument 31, an oxygen inlet pipe 32, a gas guiding assembly, and multiple gas distribution components. The microbial detection and analysis instrument 31 can detect the number and status of bacteria in the fermenter 1. The oxygen inlet pipe 32 is used to supply oxygen to the fermenter 1. It can adjust the oxygen supply according to the detected number and state of bacteria in fermenter 1. The gas guiding component is set inside the stirring component, and one end of the gas guiding component is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 32. Multiple gas distribution components are rotatably installed on the stirring component, and multiple gas distribution components are connected to the gas guiding component. The gas distribution components can rotate and distribute gas into fermenter 1 under the drive of the oxygen delivery pressure. Fermenter 1 is also equipped with an oxygen circulation mechanism 4, which includes an oxygen pumping component. The inlet end of the oxygen pumping component is connected to the top of the inside of fermenter 1, and the outlet end of the oxygen pumping component is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 32.

[0053] The microbial detection and analysis instrument 31 is a biomass detection sensor. The oxygen inlet pipe 32 is connected to the oxygen storage tank and is equipped with a flow regulating valve. During operation, the fermentation equipment first delivers the fermentation broth and inoculum into the fermentation tank 1 through the feed inlet 11. Then, the feed inlet 11 is closed and sealed. Next, the rotary drive component drives the stirring component to rotate and stir, ensuring uniform mixing of the fermentation broth and inoculum. Simultaneously, the flow regulating valve is opened, allowing oxygen from the oxygen storage tank to be delivered through the oxygen inlet pipe 32 to the gas distribution component. Finally, the gas distribution component delivers oxygen to the fermentation tank 1 to mix with the fermentation broth, enabling aerobic fermentation of the inoculum. The microbial detection and analysis instrument 31 detects the quantity and state of the inoculum, and the flow regulating valve adjusts the oxygen delivery flow rate based on the detection results, ensuring that the oxygen supply in the fermentation tank 1 remains within a suitable range to prevent... Excessive or insufficient oxygen supply disrupts the metabolic balance of the microbial strain, affecting fermentation efficiency and product quality. Furthermore, the rotating agitator in fermenter 1 drives the gas distribution component to rotate synchronously within fermenter 1, ensuring even distribution of oxygen and improving the mixing uniformity of the fermentation broth and oxygen. The gas distribution component, driven by the oxygen supply pressure, rotates self-rotating within fermenter 1, further enhancing the mixing uniformity of the fermentation broth and oxygen, thus improving fermentation effect and efficiency. Subsequently, oxygen not fully dissolved in the fermentation broth rises and accumulates at the top of fermenter 1. At this point, the oxygen pumping component extracts the accumulated oxygen from the top of fermenter 1 and pumps it into the oxygen inlet pipe 32, enabling oxygen reuse, improving oxygen utilization, reducing oxygen waste, and thus lowering fermentation costs.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft 23, which is rotatably mounted on the top of the fermentation tank 1, and the lower end of the stirring shaft 23 extends into the interior of the fermentation tank 1 and is fixedly mounted with stirring blades 24; the rotary drive assembly includes a support 22, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the fermentation tank 1, and a reduction motor 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support 22, and the output end of the reduction motor 21 is connected to the top of the stirring shaft 23 in a transmission connection.

[0056] During stirring, the stirring shaft 23 is driven to rotate by the geared motor 21, which in turn drives the stirring blades 24 to rotate continuously in the fermentation tank 1, stirring the fermentation liquid and ensuring that the fermentation liquid, bacteria and oxygen are fully mixed evenly, thereby improving the fermentation effect and efficiency.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] Please see Figures 2-5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the gas guiding assembly includes a gas guiding channel 36 and multiple gas distribution chambers 37. The gas guiding channel 36 is disposed inside the stirring shaft 23. The bottom end of the stirring shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 32, and the bottom end of the gas guiding channel 36 is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 32. The multiple gas distribution chambers 37 are respectively opened in each blade of the stirring blade 24, and all gas distribution chambers 37 are connected to the gas guiding channel 36. The gas distribution assembly includes a connecting pipe 34, which is rotatably installed on the back of the stirring blade 24. One end of the connecting pipe 34 is connected to the corresponding gas distribution chamber 37, and the other end of the connecting pipe 34 is fixedly installed with an exhaust pipe 33. Both ends of the exhaust pipe 33 are connected and installed with exhaust heads 35. The exhaust ends of the two exhaust heads 35 are arranged in opposite directions, and the exhaust ends of the two exhaust heads 35 are provided with multiple exhaust holes 310.

[0059] Oxygen supplied through the oxygen inlet pipe 32 is delivered to each gas distribution chamber 37 via the gas guide channel 36. The oxygen in the gas distribution chamber 37 is then delivered to the exhaust pipe 33 via the connecting pipe 34, and finally delivered to the interior of the fermenter 1 via the exhaust holes 310 on the exhaust heads 35 at both ends of the exhaust pipe 33. Since the exhaust ends of the two exhaust heads 35 are arranged in opposite directions, when the two exhaust heads 35 exhaust, the two ends of the exhaust pipe 33 are subjected to opposing thrusts. This thrust during exhaust causes the exhaust pipe 33 to rotate, which in turn causes the exhaust heads 35 to rotate in a circular motion. This increases the exhaust range of the exhaust heads 35, thereby improving the distribution range and uniformity of oxygen in the fermentation liquid. Furthermore, the rotation of the exhaust pipe 33 and exhaust heads 35 disturbs the fermentation liquid, which also improves the mixing and dissolution effect of oxygen with the fermentation liquid, further enhancing the fermentation effect and efficiency.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] Please see Figures 2-6 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the exhaust pipe 33 has an exhaust slot 38 located on one side of the exhaust head 35. A sealing plug 39 is snapped into the exhaust slot 38. A telescopic rod 312 is fixedly installed on the end of the sealing plug 39 facing the exhaust head 35. A lifting frame 316 is fixedly installed on one end of the telescopic rod 312. A spring 313 is movably fitted on the outer ring of the telescopic rod 312. The spring 313 abuts between the sealing plug 39 and the lifting frame 316. A plurality of sealing posts 311 corresponding one-to-one with the exhaust holes 310 are fixedly installed on one side of the lifting frame 316. A cross link 314 is connected between the lifting frame 316 and the sealing plug 39. A limiting plate 315 located on one side of the cross link 314 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 33. A strip guide groove is opened on the limiting plate 315. The ends of the connecting shafts on the two connecting fulcrums at the opening and closing ends of the cross link 314 are slidably snapped into the strip guide groove.

[0062] When oxygen supply is not initiated, the sealing plug 39, under the elastic force of the spring 313, abuts and seals the exhaust port 38. Simultaneously, the lifting frame 316, under the elastic force of the spring 313, drives the sealing column 311 to seal and insert into the exhaust hole 310, thus sealing the exhaust hole 310. This double seal, achieved through the sealing plug 39 and the sealing column 311, prevents the fermentation liquid in the fermenter 1 from leaking into the air passages, thus preventing blockage or contamination. When oxygen is supplied, the sealing plug 39 moves upward under the oxygen pressure within the exhaust pipe 33, opening the exhaust port 38. Simultaneously, the sealing plug 39 abuts and retracts the cross link 314, causing the two connecting shafts at the opening and closing ends of the cross link 314 to move and open along the strip guide groove on the limiting plate 315. At this time, the cross link 314 retracts and closes in the vertical direction and moves and opens in the horizontal direction, so that the cross link 314 drives the lifting frame 316 to descend. At the same time, the lifting frame 316 drives the sealing column 311 to descend and separate from the exhaust hole 310. Thus, through the driving cooperation of the cross link 314, both the exhaust slot 38 and the exhaust hole 310 can automatically open to deliver oxygen during oxygen supply, making the oxygen delivery process more convenient and faster.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] Please see Figures 7-10As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the oxygen pumping assembly includes a pressure cylinder 41 and a reciprocating lifting unit. The pressure cylinder 41 is fixedly installed at the upper end inside the fermenter 1. An air inlet 411 communicating with the inside of the fermenter 1 is installed at the bottom end of the pressure cylinder 41. An air outlet 412 is provided on one side of the lower end of the pressure cylinder 41. A return pipe 44 is connected to one end of the air outlet 412. One end of the return pipe 44 is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe 32. A one-way air inlet valve is installed in the air inlet 411, and a one-way air outlet valve is installed in the air outlet 412. A piston 413 is slidably installed inside the pressure cylinder 41. A piston rod 410 is fixedly installed at the top of the piston 413. The reciprocating lifting unit can drive the piston rod 410 to move back and forth.

[0065] The reciprocating lifting unit includes a driving bevel gear 45 and an eccentric shaft 47. The driving bevel gear 45 is fixedly installed on the stirring shaft 23, and the eccentric shaft 47 is rotatably installed on the top of the fermentation tank 1. One end of the eccentric shaft 47 is fixedly installed with a driven bevel gear 46 that meshes and drives the driving bevel gear 45. A bushing 48 is rotatably installed at the eccentric position of the eccentric shaft 47. A connecting rod 49 is fixedly installed on the outer ring of the bushing 48. One end of the connecting rod 49 is rotatably connected to the top of the piston rod 410.

[0066] When the stirring shaft 23 rotates, it drives the driving bevel gear 45 to rotate synchronously. At this time, the driving bevel gear 45 meshes with and drives the driven bevel gear 46 to rotate, thereby driving the eccentric shaft 47 to rotate. When the eccentric shaft 47 rotates, it drives the bushing 48 to perform a circular motion. At this time, the bushing 48 drives the piston rod 410 and piston 413 to reciprocate up and down through the connecting rod 49. When the piston 413 moves upward in the pressure cylinder 41, it draws oxygen accumulated at the upper end of the fermenter 1 into the pressure cylinder through the air inlet 411 and the one-way air inlet valve. Inside the pressure cylinder 41, when the piston 413 moves downward, the oxygen in the pressure cylinder 41 is transported to the return pipe 44 through the outlet 412 and the one-way outlet valve. Finally, the oxygen is transported to the oxygen inlet pipe 32 through the return pipe 44, and then the oxygen inlet pipe 32 transports the oxygen to the fermenter 1 for reuse. Thus, through the cooperation of the pressure cylinder 41, the piston 413 and the reciprocating lifting unit, the oxygen in the fermenter 1 can be automatically driven to circulate when the stirring shaft 23 rotates, which can improve the oxygen utilization rate, reduce oxygen waste, and thus reduce fermentation costs.

[0067] Furthermore, an oxygen content detector 42 and an exhaust port 43 are installed at the top of the fermentation tank 1. One end of the oxygen content detector 42 extends to the upper part of the fermentation tank 1, and an exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust port 43. During fermentation, carbon dioxide gas is generated, and the generated gas floats along the fermentation liquid and moves with the oxygen to accumulate at the upper part of the fermentation tank 1. The oxygen content detector 42 can detect the oxygen concentration at the upper part of the fermentation tank 1. As fermentation progresses, oxygen is gradually consumed, and when the oxygen concentration drops to the threshold, the exhaust valve on the exhaust port 43 is opened to discharge the gas accumulated at the upper part of the fermentation tank 1, preventing waste gas from accumulating in the fermentation tank 1 and affecting the fermentation process.

[0068] Example 6

[0069] Please see Figure 11 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a production line for preparing in vitro cultured bezoar, including fermentation equipment, a dissolving tank, a culture tank, and a pelletizing machine. The dissolving tank is connected to the fermentation equipment and can transport the saturated calcium hydroxide solution prepared by dissolving to the fermentation tank, where it is mixed with bovine bile in the fermentation tank to prepare complex bilirubin calcium. The fermentation tank is connected to the culture tank and can transport the complex bilirubin calcium prepared by fermentation to the culture tank, where it is mixed with the raw materials in the culture tank to cultivate bezoar granules. Then, the outlet of the culture tank is opened to take out the generated bezoar granules, which are dried and then pelletized into spherical shapes by the pelletizing machine.

[0070] Example 7

[0071] Please see Figure 12 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses a production process for in vitro cultured bezoar, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0072] After fermentation of selected and cultured Escherichia coli and bovine bile in a fermentation device, bilirubin and saturated calcium hydroxide solution are added to prepare compound bilirubin calcium. Then, fermented bovine bile, compound bilirubin calcium, bovine deoxycholic acid, cholic acid, magnesium sulfate, and zinc sulfate are added to cultivation tanks respectively. The cultivation temperature is controlled at 37-40℃, pH 4.5-6.0, and rotation speed at 50-60 r / min. After cultivation for 10-12 hours, bezoar granules and bezoar solids are obtained. The bezoar granules and solids are dried and pulverized into fine powder. The fine powder is then coated into spherical or quasi-spherical shapes with concentric layers and a diameter of 0.5-3.0 cm by a pelleting machine using purified water or fresh bovine bile as a binder.

[0073] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0074] The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A fermentation apparatus, comprising a fermentation tank, characterized in that: The fermenter is provided with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom. The fermenter is equipped with a stirring mechanism and an oxygen supply mechanism. The stirring mechanism includes a rotary drive component and a stirring component. The rotary drive component can drive the stirring component to rotate and stir inside the fermenter. The oxygen supply mechanism includes a microbial detection and analysis instrument, an oxygen inlet pipe, an air guiding component, and multiple air distribution components. The microbial detection and analysis instrument can detect the number and status of bacteria in the fermenter. The oxygen inlet pipe is used to supply oxygen to the fermenter and can adjust the oxygen supply according to the detected number and status of bacteria in the fermenter. The air guiding component is located inside the stirring component, and one end of the air guiding component is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe. Multiple air distribution components are rotatably mounted on the stirring component and are connected to the air guiding component. The air distribution components can rotate and distribute air into the fermenter under the pressure of the oxygen supply. The fermenter is also equipped with an oxygen circulation mechanism, which includes an oxygen pumping assembly. The inlet of the oxygen pumping assembly is connected to the top of the inside of the fermenter, and the outlet of the oxygen pumping assembly is connected to an oxygen inlet pipe.

2. The fermentation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft, which is rotatably mounted on the top of the fermentation tank, and the lower end of the stirring shaft extends into the interior of the fermentation tank and is fixedly mounted with stirring blades. The rotary drive assembly includes a support, which is fixedly installed on the top of the fermenter. A geared motor is fixedly installed on the top of the support, and the output end of the geared motor is connected to the top of the stirring shaft.

3. The fermentation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas guiding assembly includes a gas guiding channel and multiple gas distribution chambers. The gas guiding channel is disposed inside the stirring shaft. The bottom end of the stirring shaft is rotatably connected to the oxygen inlet pipe, and the bottom end of the gas guiding channel is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe. The multiple gas distribution chambers are respectively opened in each blade of the stirring blade, and each gas distribution chamber is connected to the gas guiding channel.

4. The fermentation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air distribution assembly includes a connecting pipe, which is rotatably mounted on the back of the stirring blade. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the corresponding air distribution chamber, and the other end of the connecting pipe is fixedly mounted with an exhaust pipe. Both ends of the exhaust pipe are connected to exhaust heads, and the exhaust ends of the two exhaust heads are arranged in opposite directions. Each exhaust end of the two exhaust heads is provided with multiple exhaust holes.

5. The fermentation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe has an exhaust slot located on one side of the exhaust head. A sealing plug is snapped into the exhaust slot. A telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the end of the sealing plug facing the exhaust head. A lifting frame is fixedly installed on one end of the telescopic rod. A spring is movably fitted on the outer ring of the telescopic rod. The spring abuts against the sealing plug and the lifting frame. A plurality of sealing posts corresponding to the exhaust holes are fixedly installed on one side of the lifting frame. A cross link is installed between the lifting frame and the sealing plug. A limiting plate located on one side of the cross link is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe. A strip guide groove is provided on the limiting plate. The ends of the connecting shafts on the two connecting fulcrums at the opening and closing ends of the cross link are slidably locked in the strip guide groove.

6. The fermentation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oxygen pumping assembly includes a pressure cylinder and a reciprocating lifting unit. The pressure cylinder is fixedly installed at the upper end inside the fermenter. An air inlet communicating with the inside of the fermenter is installed at the bottom end of the pressure cylinder. An air outlet is provided on one side of the lower end of the pressure cylinder. A return pipe is connected to one end of the air outlet. One end of the return pipe is connected to the oxygen inlet pipe. A one-way air inlet valve is installed in the air inlet, and a one-way air outlet valve is installed in the air outlet. A piston is slidably installed inside the pressure cylinder, and a piston rod is fixedly installed at the top of the piston. The reciprocating lifting unit can drive the piston rod to move reciprocally up and down.

7. The fermentation equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reciprocating lifting unit includes a driving bevel gear and an eccentric shaft. The driving bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the stirring shaft, and the eccentric shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the fermentation tank. A driven bevel gear that meshes and drives the driving bevel gear is fixedly mounted on one end of the eccentric shaft. A bushing is rotatably mounted on the eccentric position of the eccentric shaft, and a connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the outer ring of the bushing. One end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the piston rod.

8. A production line for preparing in vitro cultured bezoar, comprising the fermentation equipment according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It also includes a dissolving tank, a cultivation tank, and a pelletizing machine; the dissolving tank is connected to the fermentation equipment and can transport the saturated calcium hydroxide solution prepared by dissolving to the fermentation tank, where it is mixed with the ox bile in the fermentation tank to prepare compound bilirubin calcium. The fermentation tank is connected to the cultivation tank and can transport the compound bilirubin calcium prepared by fermentation to the cultivation tank, where it is mixed with the raw materials in the cultivation tank to cultivate and generate bezoar granules. Then, the discharge port of the cultivation tank is opened to take out the generated bezoar granules, which are dried and then pelletized into spheres by the pelletizing machine.

9. A production process for in vitro cultured bezoar, using the in vitro cultured bezoar preparation production line described in claim 8, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: After fermentation of selected and cultured Escherichia coli and bovine bile in a fermentation device, bilirubin and saturated calcium hydroxide solution are added to prepare compound bilirubin calcium. Then, fermented bovine bile, compound bilirubin calcium, bovine deoxycholic acid, cholic acid, magnesium sulfate, and zinc sulfate are added to cultivation tanks respectively. The cultivation temperature is controlled at 37-40℃ and the pH is controlled at 4.5-6.

0. After cultivation for 10-12 hours, bezoar granules and bezoar solids are obtained. The bezoar granules and solids are then made into pills using a pill-making machine.

10. The production process of in vitro cultured bezoar according to claim 9, characterized in that: When selecting and culturing Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli is selected from bovine bile containing bezoar or bovine bile from which bezoar is cultured, and then cultured at a constant temperature.

11. The production process of in vitro cultured bezoar according to claim 10, characterized in that: In the preparation of compound bilirubin calcium, bovine bile and bilirubin are added to the fermentation equipment and mixed well. The saturated calcium hydroxide solution is then stirred and fed into the fermentation equipment for fermentation.

12. The production process of in vitro cultured bezoar according to claim 9, characterized in that: First, the bezoar granules and solids are crushed to obtain fine powder; then, the fine powder is shaped into spheres using a pelletizing machine.

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